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Journal articles on the topic 'Intermetallic phases'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Schütz, Max, Christian Gemel, Wilhelm Klein, Roland A. Fischer, and Thomas F. Fässler. "Intermetallic phases meet intermetalloid clusters." Chemical Society Reviews 50, no. 15 (2021): 8496–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cs00286d.

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2

Li, G. Y., and Y. C. Chan. "An Investigation of Intermetallics Formation Between Pd/Ag Metallization and Sn/Pb/Ag Solder." Journal of Electronic Packaging 124, no. 3 (2002): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1486012.

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Intermetallics formation between metallization conductor Pd-Ag and solder 62Sn-36Pb-2Ag have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray diffraction. Energy-dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) analysis reveals the formation of the intermetallic compounds Ag5Sn,Ag3Sn,Pd2Sn,PdSn2,PdSn4, and PbPd3. X-Ray diffraction results confirm the coexistence of the above metallurgical phases and additional intermetallic compounds including Pd3Sn2, PdSn, and Pb3Pd5. Evident single phase intermetallic compound (IMC) layer structure is not obs

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3

Sauthoff, Gerhard. "Intermetallic phases." Advanced Materials 1, no. 2 (1989): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19890010205.

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4

Sauthoff, Gerhard. "Intermetallic Phases." Angewandte Chemie 101, no. 2 (1989): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19891010249.

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5

Sauthoff, Gerhard. "Intermetallic Phases." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 28, no. 2 (1989): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198902431.

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6

Dshemuchadse, Julia, and Walter Steurer. "More statistics on intermetallic compounds – ternary phases." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 71, no. 3 (2015): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273315004064.

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How many different intermetallic compounds are known so far, and in how many different structure types do they crystallize? What are their chemical compositions, the most abundant ones and the rarest ones? These are some of the questions we are trying to find answers for in our statistical analysis of the structures of the 20 829 intermetallic phases included in the databasePearson's Crystal Data, with the goal of gaining insight into some of their ordering principles. In the present paper, we focus on the subset of 13 026 ternary intermetallics, which crystallize in 1391 different structure t

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7

Mrówka-Nowotnik, Grazyna, and Jan Sieniawski. "Analysis of Intermetallic Phases in 2024 Aluminium Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 197 (February 2013): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.197.238.

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The main objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of the microstructure (morphology, composition and distribution of intermetallic phases) in the 2024 aluminium alloy cooled with different cooling rates after solidification process. A few techniques: optical light microscopy (LM), scanning (SEM) electron microscopy combined with an energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to identify intermetallics in the examined alloy. The results show that the microstructure of 2024 aluminum alloys in as-cast condition consisted following intermetallic phase

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8

Mikolajczak, Piotr, and Lorenz Ratke. "Three Dimensional Morphology of Mn Rich Intermetallics in AlSi Alloys Investigated with X-Ray Tomography." Materials Science Forum 790-791 (May 2014): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.790-791.335.

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Elementary Mn has a great importance as neutralizer of Fe intermetallics like β-Al5FeSi, which have detrimental effect on mechanical characteristics of AlSi alloys. Presence of Mn in AlSi alloys causes the formation of other intermetallic phases. To understand the effect of solidification conditions and fluid flow on the microstructure of AlSi-based alloys and the addition of Mn leading to Mn-based intermetallics, Al-5 wt pct Si 0.2/0.4/1.0 wt pct Mn alloys have been directionally solidified under defined thermal (gradient 3 K/mm, solidification velocity 0.02-0.12 mm/s) and fluid flow (rotatin

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9

Mayappan, Ramani, Rosyaini A. Zaman, Zalina Z. Abidin, Fatinnajihah Alias Asmawati, and Mohd Nazree Derman. "Growth of Cu-Zn₅ and Cu₅Zn₈ Intermetallic Compounds in the Sn-9Zn/Cu Joint during Liquid State Aging." Advanced Materials Research 173 (December 2010): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.173.90.

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The phase and intermetallic thickness of Cu-Zn5 and Cu5Zn8 has been investigated under liquid state aging using reflow method. Both intermetallics were formed by reacting Sn-9Zn lead free solder with copper substrate. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to see the morphology of the phases and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) was used to estimate the elemental compositions of the phases. The morphology of the Cu5Zn8 phase was rather flat but when the soldering temperature and time increases, the morphology becomes scallop. Intermetallic thickness measurements show that the thickness of Cu-

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10

Kozlov, Kirill, Valery Shabashov, Natalya Kataeva, Victor Sagaradze, Vitalii Pilyugin, and Andrey Zamatovskii. "Deformation–Induced Mechanical Synthesis of U and Fe." Metals 14, no. 1 (2023): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14010055.

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The phase composition of metallic α-U and Fe after mechanical synthesis in conditions of severe (mega) plastic deformation at room temperature using rotational Bridgman anvils was studied using Mössbauer spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was shown that mechanical synthesis results in U6Fe and UFe2 intermetallic formation with a precursor represented by UFe2(D) and UFe3(D) defective phases and a defective dispersed mechanical mixture of iron and uranium. Low-level annealing at 300 °C results in the ordering of the defective phases and transition of a dispersed mech

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11

Chmielewski, Tomasz, Piotr Siwek, Marcin Chmielewski, Anna Piątkowska, Agnieszka Grabias, and Dariusz Golański. "Structure and Selected Properties of Arc Sprayed Coatings Containing In-Situ Fabricated Fe-Al Intermetallic Phases." Metals 8, no. 12 (2018): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8121059.

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The paper presents the results of research on the production by means of arc spraying of composite coatings from the Fe-Al system with participation of in-situ intermetallic phases. The arc spraying process was carried out by simultaneously melting two different electrode wires, aluminum and steel. The aim of the research is to create protective coatings with a composite structure with a significant participation of FexAly as an intermetallic phases reinforcement. The synthesis of intermetallic phases takes place during the (in-situ) spraying process. Currently most coatings involving intermet

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12

Kim, Hee Y., Dong S. Chung, M. Enoki, and Soon H. Hong. "Tensile and fracture properties of NiAl/Ni micro-laminated composites prepared by reaction synthesis." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 5 (2006): 1141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0154.

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The mechanical properties of NiAl/Ni micro-laminated composites with highly gradient microstructure have been investigated. Two types of composites with different gradient microstructures were prepared by reaction synthesis. Intermetallics of type I and type II composites mainly consisted of Al-rich Ni0.45Al0.55 with variable thickness and Ni-rich Ni0.58Al0.42 with similar thickness, respectively. As intermetallic volume fraction increased, yield strength of type II followed the rule-of-mixture well, while that of type I deviated due to the composition variation of intermetallic phases. Fractu

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13

Alba-Galvín, Juan Jesús, Leandro González-Rovira, Manuel Bethencourt, Francisco Javier Botana, and José María Sánchez-Amaya. "Influence of Aerospace Standard Surface Pretreatment on the Intermetallic Phases and CeCC of 2024-T3 Al-Cu Alloy." Metals 9, no. 3 (2019): 320. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9030320.

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Published version of the open acces manuscript "Influence of Aerospace Standard Surface Pretreatment on the Intermetallic Phases and CeCC of 2024-T3 Al-Cu Alloy". Abstract: A standard three-step surface pretreatment employed in the aerospace sector for Al alloys have been investigated prior to the generation of cerium conversion coatings (CeCC) on aluminium-copper alloy 2024. Two pretreatments were analysed, one without final acid etching (Pretreatment 1) and another with this step (Pretreatment 2). Both pretreatments affect the alloy intermetallic phases, playing a key role in the develo

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14

Konieczny, M., R. Mola, P. Thomas, and M. Kopciał. "Processing, Microstructure and Properties of Laminated Ni-Intermetallic Composites Synthesised Using Ni Sheets and Al Foils." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 56, no. 3 (2011): 693–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10172-011-0076-y.

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Processing, Microstructure and Properties of Laminated Ni-Intermetallic Composites Synthesised Using Ni Sheets and Al FoilsThe laminated Ni-(NiAl3+Ni2Al3) and Ni-Ni2Al3intermetallic composites were fabricated by reaction synthesis in vacuum using Ni sheets and Al foils. The aluminium layers were completely consumed due to the formation of intermetallic phases. The Ni-Al reaction at 620°C was studied by interrupting in steps the reaction process to observe the microstructural changes. The final microstructure consisted of alternating layers of intermetallic phases and unreacted nickel can be de

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15

Agbedor, Solomon-Oshioke, Donghui Yang, Jianqing Chen, Lei Wang, and Hong Wu. "Low-Temperature Reactive Sintered Porous Mg-Al-Zn Alloy Foams." Metals 12, no. 4 (2022): 692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12040692.

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By using carbamide granules as the space holder, Mg alloy foams with interconnected pore structures were synthesized by reactive sintering of a mixture of Mg, Al and Zn powders. The effect of Zn/Al on the microstructural evolution and compressive strength of porous Mg-9Al-xZn (x = 1, 5) alloy foams was investigated. The phase diagram simulation approach was used to determine the sintering temperature. The analysis results show that the formation of binary secondary phases or intermetallic compounds is a crucial factor in achieving bonding strength for the porous Mg alloy foams. The intermetall

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16

Mikheev, R., and I. Kalashnikov. "Aluminium matrix hybrid composite materials reinforced with carbides and intermetallics." E3S Web of Conferences 376 (2023): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337601011.

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Composite materials based on aluminum, reinforced withparticles of titanium carbide and intermetallic compounds of titanium aluminide, are made by casting technology. Investigations of the structure, mechanical and tribotechnical characteristics of the manufactured composite materials have been carried out. It is shown that the reinforcement of an aluminum matrix with TiC particles, or intermetallic phases of Al3Ti, formed by introducing reactive titanium powders into the melt, is an effective way to increase the tribotechnical characteristics. It has been established that the reinforcement of

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17

Ramos, Ana Sofia, M. Teresa Vieira, Sonia Simões, Filomena Viana, and Manuel F. Vieira. "Reaction-Assisted Diffusion Bonding of Advanced Materials." Defect and Diffusion Forum 297-301 (April 2010): 972–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.297-301.972.

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The aim of this work is to join -TiAl intermetallics to Ni based superalloys by solid state diffusion bonding. The surface of the -TiAl alloys and Ni superalloys to be joined was prepared by magnetron sputtering with a few microns thick Ni/Al reactive multilayer thin films with nanometric modulation periods. Sound joining without cracks or pores is achieved along the central region of the bond, especially at 800°C and when a 14 nm period Ni/Al film is used as filler material. During the diffusion bonding experiments interdiffusion and reaction inside the Ni/Al multilayer thin film and betwee

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18

Nakamura, Morihiko. "Fundamental Properties of Intermetallic Compounds." MRS Bulletin 20, no. 8 (1995): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400045085.

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More than 25 years have passed since Intermetallic Compounds, edited by Westbrook, was published. Since that time, enormous advances have been made in the understanding and usage of intermetallic compounds. It is known that intermetallic compounds are generally brittle. Thus, alloys that contain intermetallics may also be brittle. However, many intermetallic compounds are known to have extraordinary functions and characteristics that are not observed in ordinary metals and alloys. Thus, they function as magnetic materials, superconductors, semiconductors, hydrogen absorbing alloys, shape memor

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19

Song, Jenn Ming, and Kwang Lung Lin. "Behavior of intermetallics in liquid Sn–Zn–Ag solder alloys." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 9 (2003): 2060–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0290.

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This study investigated the characteristics of the intermetallics that appear in Sn–Zn–Ag solder alloys, particularly their behavior in molten solder during cooling and remelting. The results indicated that the intermetallics, which deplete the Zn-rich phase, were present in the form of inhomogeneous dendrites and consisted of two intermetallic phases, ε–AgZn3 and γ–Ag5Zn8. These Ag–Zn intermetallics formed as the primary dendrites upon cooling from temperatures slightly below 300 °C. These intermetallics transformed into coarse nodules with a stable, high Ag-content phase when isothermally he

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20

Pokorný, P. "Influence of Fe-Zn intermetallic layer on corrosion behaviour of galvanized concrete reinforcement." Koroze a ochrana materialu 60, no. 3 (2016): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kom-2016-0015.

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Abstract The article summarizes state of the art of the influence of external layer of Fe-Zn intermetallics on corrosion behaviour of galvanized steel in a fresh, hardened and chloride contaminated concrete. Current point of view on formation, composition and crystallography of particular intermetallic Fe-Zn phases, that are present in hot dip galvanized coating. External factors as alloying elements are involved as well. A corrosion resistance of these intermetallic layers (especially ζ-FeZn13) during exposure in concrete is evaluated finally.

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21

Montealegre-Meléndez, Isabel, Cristina Arévalo, Ana M. Beltrán, Michael Kitzmantel, Erich Neubauer, and Eva María Pérez Soriano. "Reaction Layer Analysis of In Situ Reinforced Titanium Composites: Influence of the Starting Material Composition on the Mechanical Properties." Metals 10, no. 2 (2020): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10020265.

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This study aims at the analysis of the reaction layer between titanium matrices and reinforcements: B4C particles and/or intermetallic TixAly. Likewise, the importance of these reactions was observed; this was particularly noteworthy as regard coherence with the obtained results and the parameters tested. Accordingly, five starting material compositions were studied under identical processing parameters via inductive hot pressing at 1100 °C for 5 min in vacuum conditions. The results revealed how the intermetallics limited the formation of secondary phases (TiC and TiB) created from the B and

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22

Mola, R. "Fabrication and Microstructure of Layers Containing Intermetallic Phases on Magnesium." Archives of Foundry Engineering 13, no. 1 (2013): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2013-0019.

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Abstract Al- and Al/Zn-enriched layers containing intermetallic phases were deposited on the Mg substrate by heating the Mg specimens in contact with the powdered materials in a vacuum furnace. The Al-enriched surface layers were produced using Al powder, whereas the Al/Znenriched layers were obtained from an 80 wt.% Al + 20 wt.% Zn powder mixture. The microstructure and composition of the layers were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the Al-enriched layer comprised an Mg17Al12 intermetallic phase and a solid solution of

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23

Steinbach, Sonja, Natasja Euskirchen, Victor T. Witusiewicz, Laszlo Sturz, and Lorenz Ratke. "The Influence of Fluid Flow on Intermetallic Phases in Al-Cast Alloys." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 1795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.1795.

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Technical Al-Si alloys always contain sufficient amounts of Fe and Mn, especially alloys made from scrap. During casting, Fe-containing intermetallics, such as Al-Fe, Al-Fe-Si and Al-Fe- Mn-Si phases, are formed between the aluminum dendrites. Fe and Mn-rich intermetallic phases are well known to be strongly influential on mechanical properties in Al-Si alloys. In the present work the influence of controlled fluid flow conditions on the morphology and spatial arrangement on intermetallic phases in cast Al-Si alloys is characterized. A binary Al-7wt.%Si and a ternary Al- 7wt.%Si-1wt.%Fe alloy w

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24

Bleck, Wolfgang, Wen Wen Song, and Alexander Zimmermann. "Intermetallic Phases in New Steels." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.9.

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Al containing intermetallic phases have been evaluated in various bcc and fcc steels. Attractive application options have been derived for hot working tools steels with respect to a reduction of resource critical alloying elements and in cold formable steels by the combined density reduction and strength increase.

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25

Kurzina, I. A. "Ion-implanted nanodimensional intermetallic phases." Inorganic Materials: Applied Research 1, no. 3 (2010): 254–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s2075113310030135.

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26

Schäfer, Herbert. "Semimetal clustering in intermetallic phases." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 57, no. 1 (1985): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4596(85)80063-3.

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27

Tupaj, Mirosław, Antoni Władysław Orłowicz, Marek Mróz, Andrzej Trytek, Anna Janina Dolata, and Andrzej Dziedzic. "A Study on Material Properties of Intermetallic Phases in a Multicomponent Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy with the Use of Nanoindentation Testing." Materials 13, no. 24 (2020): 5612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245612.

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The paper concerns modeling the microstructure of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy developed by the authors with the purpose of application for automobile cylinder liners showing high resistance to abrasive wear at least equal to that of cast-iron liners. With the use of the nanoindentation method, material properties of intermetallic phases and matrix in a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy containing Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, V, Fe, and Mg as additives were examined. The scanning electron microscope equipped with an adapter for chemical composition microanalysis was used to determine the chemical composi

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28

Han, Yi, Shuyu Yang, Weifeng Qian, et al. "The effect of Mn addition on the purification of Al-Si alloy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2956, no. 1 (2025): 012043. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2956/1/012043.

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Abstract In this paper, a study has been conducted on the sedimentation separation of Fe-rich intermetallic phases in Al-7Si-1Fe alloy. The effects of the melt hold-ing temperature, cooling rate and the melt holding time on the sedimentation behavior of Fe-rich intermetallic phases (or sludge) were investigated using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. Intermetallics formed during solidification were simulated using PANDAT software. The results show that the sludge phase tends to form a regular polygonal shape with 2wt.% Mn addition, which is identified to be Al15(FeMn)3Si2

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29

Ma, Y., T. Arnesen, J. Gj⊘nnes, and J. Taft⊘. "Laser processed Al3Ti-based intermetallics: Al5±XTi2±Y(Fe, Ni, or Cu)1±z." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 7 (1992): 1722–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.1722.

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A new processing route for intermetallics starting from elemental metal powders and using laser beam heating has been investigated, by which three Al3Ti-based ternary intermetallic systems alloyed with Fe, Ni, or Cu, respectively, have been produced. Structures and compositions of five phases found in the three systems have been analyzed using optical metallography, transmission electron diffraction and microscopy, and thin foil energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. The structure of three matrix phases in the three systems was identified as L12 type, which is consistent with previous work. The

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30

Kołodziejczak, Paweł, Mariusz Bober, Tomasz M. Chmielewski, and Michał Baranowski. "Structure and Selected Properties of Coatings Deposited by Arc Spraying Under in Inert Atmosphere Containing In Situ Fabricated Fe-Al Intermetallic Phases." Materials 18, no. 3 (2025): 646. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18030646.

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Intermetallic compounds from the Fe-Al system are attracting increasing attention due to their outstanding properties, including excellent mechanical performance, low density, corrosion, and oxidation resistance, as well as resistance to sulfidation, carburization, and wear at elevated temperatures. These unique characteristics make Fe-Al intermetallics promising candidates for high-temperature and harsh environmental applications. However, challenges such as brittleness and low plasticity have hindered their broader use. By exploring the impact of spray conditions on coating properties, this

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Darvishi, Alireza, Ali Maleki, Mehdi Mazar Atabaki, and Mohammad Zargami. "The mutual effect of iron and manganese on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium –silicon alloy." Metalurgija-Journal of Metallurgy 16, no. 1 (2010): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30544/383.

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The effect of iron and manganese concentration on the morphology of complex intermetallics and their influence on the mechanical properties and microstructure has been studied in an Al-16.67 wt. % Si alloy with three content of iron (0.4, 1.2, 1.8 wt.%), and two different content of manganese, i.e. 0.6 and 0.9 wt.%. The intermetallic compounds are formed at high iron contents or at high concentrations of manganese with low iron. The microstructural investigation by Clemex software showed that the biggest intermetallic size reached the surface area of 12750 μm2, when the amount of iron was incr

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Mayappan, Ramani. "Wetting and Intermetallic Study between Sn-3.5Ag-1.0Cu-xZn Lead-Free Solders and Copper Substrate (x = 0, 0.1, 0.4, 0.7)." Advanced Materials Research 501 (April 2012): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.501.150.

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The development of lead-free solders has been an essential task in the electronics industry because of the restriction of lead use by legislation. Among the candidates, Sn-Ag-Cu group of solder alloys have great advantages to replace the conventional Sn-Pb solder. In this study, the wetting and intermetallic study between Sn-3.5Ag-1.0Cu-xZn lead-free solder reacting on copper substrate were investigated under different soldering conditions. The addition of 0.7wt% of Zn improved the wettability on Cu substrate since it has the highest spreading area at 310°C. The Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn phases are the

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33

Alba-Galvín, Juan, Leandro González-Rovira, Manuel Bethencourt, Francisco Botana, and José Sánchez-Amaya. "Influence of Aerospace Standard Surface Pretreatment on the Intermetallic Phases and CeCC of 2024-T3 Al-Cu Alloy." Metals 9, no. 3 (2019): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9030320.

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A standard three-step surface pretreatment employed in the aerospace sector for Al alloys have been investigated prior to the generation of cerium conversion coatings (CeCC) on aluminium-copper alloy 2024. Two pretreatments were analysed, one without final acid etching (Pretreatment 1) and another with this step (Pretreatment 2). Both pretreatments affect the alloy intermetallic phases, playing a key role in the development of the CeCC, and also in the susceptibility to localised corrosion in NaCl medium. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) reve

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34

Mookam, Niwat, and Kannachai Kanlayasiri. "Influences of soldering time on wettability and intermetallic phase between Sn-3.0Cu solder and copper substrate." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 01024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819201024.

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In this paper, the influences of soldering time on the wettability and intermetallic phase between Sn-3.0Cu lead-free solder and copper substrate were investigated. Reflow soldering was performed at 350 ° C under variable soldering times of 10, 20, 40, 60, 120, 240 and 480 s. The results indicated that the wettability and intermetallic growth depend on the soldering time. In addition, the Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn intermetallic phases with a hexagonal crystal structure were found between the lead-free solder and the copper substrate. The growth of intermetallic phases increased with soldering time, and

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Nagy, Erzsébet, Anett Gyenes, Alíz Molnár, and Zoltán Gácsi. "Investigation of Intermetallic Phases Formed in Lead-Free Solders." Materials Science Forum 812 (February 2015): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.812.357.

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Industry should gradually replace the tin-lead solder alloys used traditionally in the soft soldering technology by lead-free soldering alloys, which raises a lot of new technological and scientific problems to be solved. The introduction and application of lead-free alloys caused a number of soldering defects not observed earlier; mechanisms of their formation are still unclear. One of such defects is whisker formation, another one is intensified formation of intermetallic phases. The appearance of undesired intermetallic phases in the soldering material spoils its mechanical properties; ther

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Algendy, Ahmed Y., Kun Liu, and X. Grant Chen. "Formation of intermetallic phases during solidification in Al-Mg-Mn 5xxx alloys with various Mg levels." MATEC Web of Conferences 326 (2020): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032602002.

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In the present study, four Al-Mg-Mn 5xxx alloys with different Mg levels (2-5 wt.%) were investigated for better understanding the evolution of intermetallic phases formed during solidification. Optical and scanning electron microscopes, electron backscattered diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analyses in combination with thermodynamic calculation were used to identify various intermetallic phases. Results showed that the most dominant intermetallic phases are Al6(Mn,Fe), α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si, Al3Fe, Alm(Mn,Fe) and Mg2Si in experimental Al-Mg-Mn alloys, which is greatly dependant on t

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Priyadarshi, Abhinav, Tungky Subroto, Marcello Conte, et al. "Ultrasound induced fragmentation of primary Al3Zr crystals." MATEC Web of Conferences 326 (2020): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032604002.

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Ultrasonic cavitation melt treatment (UST) of aluminium alloys has received considerable attention in the metal industry due to its simple and effective processing response. The refined primary intermetallic phases formed in the treated alloys during controlled solidification, govern alloy structural and mechanical properties for applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. Since the UST is performed close to the liquidus temperatures of the alloys, understanding the refinement mechanism of the primary intermetallic phases has been beset by difficulties in imaging and handling of l

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Ahmad, Roslee, R. Sadeghi, M. B. A. Asmael, H. Mohamad, Zawati Harun, and Hasan Sulaiman. "The Influence of Metallic Addition on Fluidity of Aluminum (LM6) Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 465-466 (December 2013): 954–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.954.

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The effect of Cr addition on the fluidity of aluminum (LM6) alloy has been investigated by spiral fluidity test. Presence of 0.1 wt.% Cr decreased fluidity of melt due to formation of sludge. In fact Cr changes the morphology of the intermetallic phase from β-intermetallics less harmful polyhedral morphology (α-intermetallics). The β-phases have largest surface to volume ratio, hence they have the largest interfacial region with the melt and are the most detrimental intermetallic to drop off the fluidity. In Cr-containing alloys the effect of α-phase is less detrimental than β-phase to the flu

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Seri, Osami. "Surface Treatment for Corrosion Resistant Aluminium Alloys by Removing Intermetallic Phases." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.729.

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It is well known that the Al-Fe system intermetallic compound particles on the aluminum and its alloys are detrimental to the corrosion for aluminum materials. Trial and error efforts reveal that Al3Fe intermetallic compound particles exposed on aluminum are preferentially and selectively removed by electrochemically treatment in cathodic current. These treatment combined by two steps: the first step is selective dissolution of aluminum component in the Al3Fe intermetallic compound by electrochemical reaction. The second step is intensive removal of the iron-enriched intermetallic particles on

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Hurtalová, Lenka, Eva Tillová, and Mária Chalupová. "The Study of Iron Intermetallic Phases Morphology with Applying Deep Etching in Secondary Al-Si Alloys." Materials Science Forum 782 (April 2014): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.782.359.

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The morphology control of intermetallic phases is very important in secondary aluminium cast alloy, because these alloys contain more of additional elements, which forms various intermetallic phases in the structure. Improvement of the mechanical properties is strongly depending upon the morphology, type and distribution of the second phases, which are in turn a function of the alloy composition and cooling rate. The iron intermetallic phase has the greatest influence on mechanical properties. It is necessary to study microstructure of Al-Si alloys, because the metallographic evaluation of alu

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Jabbareh, Mohammad Amin, and Hamid Assadi. "Modelling of Microstructure Evolution during Laser Processing of Intermetallic Containing Ni-Al Alloys." Metals 11, no. 7 (2021): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11071051.

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There is a growing interest in laser melting processes, e.g., for metal additive manufacturing. Modelling and numerical simulation can help to understand and control microstructure evolution in these processes. However, standard methods of microstructure simulation are generally not suited to model the kinetic effects associated with rapid solidification in laser processing, especially for material systems that contain intermetallic phases. In this paper, we present and employ a tailored phase-field model to demonstrate unique features of microstructure evolution in such systems. Initially, th

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Ab Ghani, Noor Asikin, Iziana Yahya, Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh, Shamsuddin Saidatulakmar, Zainal Arifin Ahmad, and Ramani Mayappan. "Microstructure Evolution of Sn-3.5Ag-1.0Cu-0.5Ni/Cu System Lead Free Solder under Long Term Thermal Aging." Advanced Materials Research 620 (December 2012): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.620.263.

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Due to environmental concerns, lead-free solders were introduced in replacing the lead-based solders in microelectronics devices technology. Although there are many lead-free solder available, the Sn-Ag-Cu solder was considered the best choice. But the solder has its draw backs in terms of melting temperature and intermetallic formations. In this study, the effect of 0.5wt% Ni addition on the microstructure of the Sn-3.5Ag-1.0Cu solder was investigated. The solder was synthesized via powder metallurgy route which includes blending, compacting and sintering. The solders were characterized for i

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Aguilar, Isaí Galindo, Jesús Torres Torres, Alfredo Flores Valdés та Alfredo Alan Flores Saldivar. "The Effect of Interrupted Homogenization on β-Al5FeSi → α-Alx (Fe and Mn) Si Transformation in the A6063 Aluminum Alloy". Metals 12, № 12 (2022): 2117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12122117.

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The aluminum alloys corresponding to the 6000 series are mainly manufactured by mechanical forming processes. Their properties are enhanced by the homogeneous distribution of intermetallic phases such as β-Al5FeSi or α-Alx (Fe, Mn) Si. By thermal homogenization treatment, the intermetallic compound β-Al5FeSi changes its morphology from a needle type with a monoclinic structure to an acicular form known as α-Al12(Fe, Mn)3Si with an fcc structure. In the present study, samples of the 6063 alloy were subjected to different temperatures of homogenization (798, 823, and 848 K) and treatment times f

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Yoon, Young Ok, Nam Seok Kim, Bong Hwan Kim, and Shae K. Kim. "Interface Reaction between Tool Steel and Molten Al Alloy Containing High Mg Content." Defect and Diffusion Forum 380 (November 2017): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.380.115.

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Interface reaction between SKD61 and three Al melts at 973 K was investigated in this study. In pure Al and A380 alloy, soldering occurred on the samples. Pure Al showed two separated soldering areas consisting of Fe-Al based intermetallic phases, mainly FeAl3. A380 alloy indicated the expanded soldering area consisting of Al3Fe and two AlFeSi based intermetallic phases. Al-10mass%Mg alloy showed the absence of soldering, but a formation of a few Fe-Al intermetallic phases. This would be attributed to weakened interaction between Fe and Al caused by Mg enrichment. Microstructures near solderin

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Díaz Barriga Arceo, González Reyes, Rivera Olvera, Medina Ovando, and Garibay Febles. "Intercalated Intermetallic Compounds AlTi3 and Fe2Ti in Microrods and Microtubes Obtained by Invariant Reaction of Mechanically Milled System Al43Ti36Fe21." Materials 12, no. 23 (2019): 3806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233806.

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This paper reports the production of intermetallic microrods and microtubes from the decomposition of an intermetallic compound in an AlTiFe system. The intermetallic compound was obtained by mechanosynthesis of elemental powders of Al, Ti and Fe over 300 h at 400 rpm, sintering from compacted powder particles at 300 MPa per minute and at 900 °C for 3600 s in an argon atmosphere. The milled and sintered samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The intermetallic AlTi3 and Fe3Al phases were

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Yahya, Iziana, Noor Asikin Ab Ghani, Nur Nadiah Zainal Abiddin, Hamidi Abd Hamid, and Ramani Mayappan. "Intermetallic Evolution of Sn-3.5Ag-1.0Cu-0.1Zn/Cu Interface under Thermal Aging." Advanced Materials Research 620 (December 2012): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.620.142.

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Due to environmental concerns, lead-free solders were introduced in replacing the lead-based solders in microelectronics devices technology. Although there are many lead-free solder available, the Sn-Ag-Cu is considered the best choice. But the solder has its draw backs in terms of melting temperature and intermetallic formations. To improve the solder, a fourth element Zn was added into the solder. The new composite solders were synthesized via powder metallurgy route. This research studies the effect of 0.1wt% Zn addition on the hardness and intermetallic formation on Cu substrate. For the h

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Lidin, S., M. Elding, and L. Stenberg. "Modulations of intermetallic B8-type phases." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 52, a1 (1996): C367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767396084875.

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Özenbaş, Macit, and Hüsniye Güler. "Formation of Al-Si intermetallic phases." Chemical Engineering Communications 190, no. 5-8 (2003): 911–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986440302126.

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Nosko, M., F. Simančík, K. Iždinský, P. Švec, and R. Florek. "Stabilizing intermetallic phases within aluminum foam." Materials Letters 65, no. 9 (2011): 1378–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.02.007.

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Lele, S., B. N. Sarma, A. Ghosal, and G. V. S. Sastry. "On the stability of intermetallic phases." Bulletin of Materials Science 18, no. 4 (1995): 361–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02749767.

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