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Journal articles on the topic 'Intermontane'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Cencetti, C., and P. Conversini. "Slope instability in the Bastardo Basin (Umbria, Central Italy) – The landslide of Barattano." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 3, no. 6 (2003): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-3-561-2003.

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Abstract. The Bastardo Basin is one of the classics Apenninic intermontane basins of central Italy. They are en-closed tectonic basins (graben and semigraben) with high anthropization, but with high vulnerability, too (seismic, hydrogeological and geomorphological). The paper concerns some aspects about slope instability in the Bastardo Basin as part of a wider research, which aims to actually define the characteristics of the liability to landslides of the Apenninic intermontane basins. In particular lithological, stratigraphical and hydrogeological conditions are analysed under which a landslide near village of Barattano has developed. This mass movement, at different times, produced partial or total occlusion of the torrent Puglia. Here geognostic investigations together with laboratory tests and subsequent monitoring of landslide area were carried out. A back analysis, based on limit equilibrium solutions for the factor of safety of the slope, provided the residual strenght properties of the soil mass along the sliding surface. The landslide of Barattano is representative of a very frequent situation (in terms of type, factors and causes of the movement, possible development of the movement) not only within Bastardo Basin, but in general within Apenninic intermontane basins, too. The study of landslide and the design of appropriate remedial measures are of great importance in terms of prevention and mitigation of geologic-hydraulic risk in Apenninic intermontane basins.

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2

Cordey, Fabrice, and Elizabeth S. Carter. "New Nassellaria (Radiolaria) from the Lower Jurassic of the Canadian Cordillera." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33, no. 3 (1996): 444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e96-034.

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New nassellarian radiolarians are described from the Insular and Intermontane belts of the Canadian Cordillera in British Columbia. Two new genera (Atalanta n.gen. and Nitrader n.gen.) and three new species (Atalanta emmela n.gen., n.sp., Atalanta epaphrodita n.gen., n.sp., and Nitrader montegufonensis n.gen., n.sp.) were found in Lower Jurassic carbonate concretions of the Sandilands Formation of the Queen Charlotte Islands and in a chert pebble extracted from a Cretaceous conglomerate of the Intermontane Belt possibly correlative with the Spences Bridge Group. The discovery of new taxa within two distinct belts of the Canadian Cordillera stresses their biostratigraphic significance.

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3

Pathak, Dinesh. "Groundwater flow modeling in an intermontane basin." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 49, no. 1 (2015): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v49i1.23137.

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Groundwater model has become a commonly used tool to perform various tasks. Geological, hydrogeological and geophysical data is required for constructing 3D hydrogeological framework models. Most of the time, it is realised that there is lack of sufficient data to build a groundwater model. The present work has been achieved after systematic data collection and hydrogeological study of Nara Basin, west Japan. Groundwater has been widely exploited for drinking water supply as well as for recreation purpose as Thermal Springs in the Nara Basin. There are hundreds of wells drilled in unconsolidated sediments and some tens of deep wells encountering the fractured basement. When water is exploited from a groundwater basin, it is necessary to understand properly the groundwater flow in different aquifer zones in the basin. Hydrostratigraphic units in the unconsolidated sediments overlying the basement rocks were established by using the borehole log data. In order to have understanding of the three dimensional configuration of these units, fence diagram was constructed. The geological and hydrogeological information were used to develop a conceptual model which was further calibrated and an acceptable model was obtained. The model was validated by comparing the observed and simulated heads and discharge.

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4

Spence, George D., and Nancy A. McLean. "Crustal seismic velocity and density structure of the Intermontane and Coast belts, southwestern Cordillera." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 35, no. 12 (1998): 1362–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e98-070.

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Seismic refraction - wide-angle reflection data were recorded along a 450 km profile across the Intermontane, Coast, and Insular belts of the Canadian Cordillera. Crust and upper mantle structure was interpreted from traveltime inversion and forward-amplitude modelling, and the resultant seismic velocities were used to constrain modelling of the Bouguer gravity data along the profile. A high-velocity, high-density block in the upper 8 km of crust was interpreted as the subsurface extension of Harrison terrane; the Harrison fault at its eastern boundary may extend to at least 8 km depth and perhaps 20 km. Throughout the crust, both seismic velocities and densities are in general high beneath the Insular belt, low beneath the Coast and western Intermontane belts, and intermediate beneath the eastern Intermontane belt. However, densities are unusually low in the lower crust beneath the Coast belt (2800 kg/m3), relative to velocities (6.6-6.8 km/s). This indicates that Coast belt plutonic material is present throughout the crust; strong upper mantle reflectivity, previously interpreted on a Lithoprobe reflection line beneath the western Coast belt, may be high-density residue associated with the unusually low density plutonic material. Based on gravity data, Wrangellia must terminate sharply against the western edge of the Coast belt. In the lower crust, the lowest seismic velocities are found vertically beneath the surface trace of the Fraser fault, where velocities just above the Moho only reach 6.5 km/s, in contrast with 6.8 km/s beneath the western Coast belt and eastern Intermontane belt. This provides support for a subvertical geometry for the Fraser fault, perhaps with a broad zone of diffuse shearing in the lower crust. At this location, the Fraser fault does not appear to vertically offset the Moho, which is well-constrained at a uniform depth of km east of the Harrison fault.

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5

LOVE, D. W., T. M. WHITWORTH, J. M. DAVIS, and W. R. SEAGER. "Free-Phase NAPL-Trapping Features in Intermontane Basins." Environmental & Engineering Geoscience V, no. 1 (1999): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.v.1.87.

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6

Irving, E., and M. T. Brandon. "Paleomagnetism of the Flores volcanics, Vancouver Island, in place by Eocene time." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 27, no. 6 (1990): 811–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e90-083.

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The Eocene Flores volcanics of the Insular Belt of southwestern Vancouver Island have U–Pb zircon ages of 51–50 Ma and a mean direction of magnetization (D, I) of 349.8°, 69.6 °(12 collecting sites, k = 41, α95 = 7.0°). The paleopole (81.1°N, 188.0°E, K = 20, A95 = 9.9°) agrees well with Early to Middle Eocene (54–48 Ma) paleopoles from cratonic North America and with two Early to Middle Eocene paleopoles (49 and 52 Ma) from the Intermontane Belt of the Canadian Cordillera. This shows that both the Vancouver Island section of the Insular Belt and the Intermontane Belt were in their present positions with respect to ancestral North America at that time. The data can be used as a reference for estimating tilts in bodies that themselves contain no geological evidence of paleohorizontal; as an illustration, tilts of two Eocene intrusions on Vancouver Island are estimated.

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7

Pospelova, Elena B., Igor N. Pospelov, Alexander V. Zhulidov, et al. "Biogeography of the Byrranga Mountains, Taymyr Peninsula, Russian Arctic." Polar Record 40, no. 4 (2004): 327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247404003833.

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The Byrranga Mountains (Gory Byrranga) are the most northern mountainous massif of the Taymyr Peninsula (Poluostrov Taymyr) in the Russian Arctic. Although studies of them began in 1736, they are one of the least studied areas of the Arctic. The region has no population, is remote, and has difficult access. As a result, the mountainous tundra ecosystems are preserved practically in a pristine state. The mountains are composed of siltstones and intrusive rocks of neutral composition; vast areas along all the mountain chain are occupied by exposed limestone. Rivers flow in deep intermontane depressions while lakes are found mainly in faults. The climate is an extremely severe continental type. Microclimatic areas provide some relief and support a rich and diverse flora. There have been 391 species and subspecies of vascular plants recorded, but no reliable data on the number of species of mosses and lichens are available. Relict thickets of tall willows are found in protected valleys of piedmont brooks, whereas relict alder-tree thickets occur on warm slopes. The mountain fauna includes nine mammal and 56 bird species. Intermontane depressions serve as corridors for seasonal migrations of wild reindeer that usually spend summers in the southern piedmont areas. Northern piedmonts and wide intermontane depressions are places where herds of musk-ox, introduced in the 1970s, concentrate. The bird fauna of relict willow thickets is highly specific and the fish fauna is quite diverse (16 species), but some species in Taymyr Lake (Ozero Taymyr) have been overexploited. This paper provides the first detailed biogeographical description of the Byrranga Mountains in English.

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8

Harris, M. J., D. T. A. Symons, W. H. Blackburn, and C. J. R. Hart. "Paleomagnetic and geobarometric study of the mid-Cretaceous Whitehorse Pluton, Yukon Territory." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 34, no. 10 (1997): 1379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e17-110.

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This is the first of several Lithoprobe paleomagnetic studies underway to examine geotectonic motions in the northern Canadian Cordillera. Except for one controversial study, estimates for terranes underlying the Intermontane Belt in the Yukon have been extrapolated from studies in Alaska, southern British Columbia, and the northwestern United States. The Whitehorse Pluton is a large unmetamorphosed and undeformed tonalitic body of mid-Cretaceous age (~112 Ma) that was intruded into sedimentary units of the Whitehorse Trough in the Stikinia terrane. Geothermobarometric estimates for eight sites around the pluton indicate that postmagnetization tilting has been negligible since cooling through the hornblende-crystallization temperature and that the pluton is a high-level intrusion. Paleomagnetic measurements for 22 of 24 sites in the pluton yield a well-defined characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) direction that is steeply down and northwards. The ChRM direction gives a paleopole of 285.5°E, 81.7°N (dp = 53°, dm = 5.7°). When compared with the 112 Ma reference pole for the North American craton, this paleopole suggests that the northern Stikinia terrane has been translated northwards by 11.0 ± 4.8° (1220 ± 530 km) and rotated clockwise by 59 ± 17°. Except for an estimate from the ~70 Ma Carmacks Group volcanics, this translation and rotation estimate agrees well with previous estimates for units in the central and southern Intermontane Belt. They suggest that the terranes of the Intermontane Belt have behaved as a fairly coherent unit since the Early Cretaceous, moving northward at a minimum average rate of 2.3 ± 0.4 cm/a between ~140 and ~45 Ma.

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9

Greig, C. J., R. L. Armstrong, J. E. Harakal, D. Runkle, and P. van der Heyden. "Geochronometry of the Eagle Plutonic Complex and the Coquihalla area, southwestern British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 4 (1992): 812–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-068.

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New U–Pb, K–Ar, and Rb–Sr dates from the Eagle Plutonic Complex and adjacent map units place timing constraints on intrusive and deformational events along the southwestern margin of the Intermontane Belt. U–Pb zircon minimum dates for Eagle tonalite and gneiss (148 ± 6, 156 ± 4, and 157 ± 4 Ma) document previously unrecognized Middle to Late Jurassic magmatism and syn-intrusive deformation along the eastern margin of the Eagle Plutonic Complex and the southwestern margin of the Intermontane terrane. Widespread mid-Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian) resetting of K–Ar and Rb–Sr isotopic systematics in Jurassic and older rocks is coeval and cogenetic with emplacement of plutons of the Fallslake Plutonic Suite (110.5 ± 2 Ma, U–Pb) which crosscut Jurassic plutons and structures but were themselves ductilely deformed along the Pasayten fault during sinistral, east-side-up, reverse displacement. K–Ar and Rb–Sr cooling dates for the Fallslake Suite of ca. 100 Ma, including dates from mylonites along the Pasayten fault, suggest that uplift, cooling, and unroofing of the Eagle Plutonic Complex occurred in mid-Cretaceous time along the Pasayten fault. Regional geologic evidence suggests that this thermal and unroofing event affected much of the southwest margin of the Intermontane Belt. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios and U–Pb geochronometry for the Fallslake Plutonic Suite suggest that it was derived, in part, from preexisting and relatively nonradiogenic Paleozoic to Mesozoic crust. K–Ar dating of several stocks demonstrates widespread Early Eocene plutonism in the Coquihalla area, and dating of the Needle Peak pluton indicates plutonism continued into Middle Eocene time.

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10

Hastorf, Christine A., William T. Whitehead, and Sissel Johannessen. "Late Prehistoric Wood Use in an Andean Intermontane Valley." Economic Botany 59, no. 4 (2005): 337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001(2005)059[0337:lpwuia]2.0.co;2.

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11

Kassandrov, E. G., and M. P. Mazurov. "Magmatogenic manganese ores of the South Minusa Intermontane Trough." Geology of Ore Deposits 51, no. 5 (2009): 356–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s107570150905002x.

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12

Riddell, Janet. "Lithostratigraphic and tectonic framework of Jurassic and Cretaceous Intermontane sedimentary basins of south-central British Columbia1This article is one of a series of papers published in this Special Issue on the theme of New insights in Cordilleran Intermontane geoscience: reducing exploration risk in the mountain pine beetle-affected area, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 48, no. 6 (2011): 870–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e11-034.

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The south-central Intermontane belt of British Columbia has a complex architecture comprising late Paleozoic to Mesozoic volcanic and plutonic arc magmatic suites, marine and nonmarine clastic basins, high-grade metamorphic complexes, and accretionary rocks. Jurassic and Cretaceous clastic basins within this framework contain stratigraphy with hydrocarbon potential. The geology is complicated by Cretaceous to Eocene deformation, dismemberment, and dislocation. The Eocene to Neogene history of the southern Intermontane belt is dominated by non-arc volcanism, followed by Pleistocene to Recent glaciation. The volcanic and glacial cover makes this a difficult region to explore for resources. Much recent work has involved re-evaluating the challenges that the overlying volcanic cover has historically presented to geophysical imaging of the sedimentary rocks in this region in light of technological advances in geophysical data collection and analysis. This paper summarizes the lithological and stratigraphic framework of the region, with emphasis on description of the sedimentary units that have been the targets of hydrocarbon exploration.

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13

Beaton, J. M. "Extensification and intensification in central California prehistory." Antiquity 65, no. 249 (1991): 946–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00080741.

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The central portion of the California ‘culture area’ is a microcosm of the larger California province, which is a patchwork of landforms, microclimates and hydraulic régimes. There are large coastal bays, rugged scrubby foothills, broad intermontane valleys with massive river systems and extensive deltaic wetlands (FIGURE 1).

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14

Belonovskaya, Elena, Raisa Gracheva, Ilya Shorkunov, and Vera Vinogradova. "Grasslands of intermontane basins of Central Caucasus: land use legacies and present-day state." Hacquetia 15, no. 2 (2016): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hacq-2016-0016.

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Abstract Mountain semi-natural grasslands of intermontane basins of Central Caucasus, North Ossetia-Alania and the history of its land use were studied. It was found that post-forest, meadow-steppe and partially subalpine grasslands in the study area had been used as croplands for centuries and have been transformed into grazing lands about 60 years ago. In the last 20 years, the grasslands have been underused. It was revealed that current spatial distribution of grasslands is different from the classic scheme of natural climate-induced vegetation distribution. Species composition of meadow steppes is similar in different locations and does not reflect climatic differences of “dry” leeward and “wet” windward slopes of the intermontane basins. Present-day soils reflect parent material differences and erosion degree, but not topography-induced local climate specificity. However, discovered buried soils showed contrasting soil diversity on the southern and northern slopes. It is assumed that the present convergence of soil cover and vegetation is a result of long homogenising human impact and relatively short grassland development.

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15

Zembo, Irene, Laura Panzeri, Anna Galli, Riccardo Bersezio, Marco Martini, and Emanuela Sibilia. "Quaternary evolution of the intermontane Val d'Agri Basin, Southern Apennines." Quaternary Research 72, no. 3 (2009): 431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.02.009.

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AbstractOptically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) enables the chronology of the late Pleistocene evolution for the Val d'Agri intermontane basin of Southern Apennines to be defined in the frame of Mediterranean geodynamic and climate changes. Quartz sand from braided floodplain and alluvial fan depositional systems was analyzed using the coarse-grained, single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) technique. The obtained optical ages are mostly consistent with other assessments (radiocarbon, tephrochronology) and stratigraphic constraints. OSL allows for the dating to 56–43 ka of an asymmetric subsidence stage that forced alluvial fan progradation, filling of a former lacustrine area, and development of an axial alluvial plain. A short period of Mediterranean-type pedogenesis, recorded at the top of the prograding-aggrading fans (OSL age bracket 43–32 ka), corresponds with MIS 3. During the subsequent stage of decline of vegetation cover, possibly corresponding to MIS 2, the latest progradation of alluvial fans occurred. The subsequent uplift and breakthrough of the basin threshold during the latest Pleistocene and Holocene induced entrenchment of the drainage network. The results presented here provide an example of the usefulness of OSL dating in intermontane continental settings where other geochronological constraints are scarce.

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Hagen, E. Sven, Mark W. Shuster, and Kevin P. Furlong. "Tectonic loading and subsidence of intermontane basins: Wyoming foreland province." Geology 13, no. 8 (1985): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<585:tlasoi>2.0.co;2.

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17

Moore, Johnnie N., Samuel N. Luoma, and Donald Peters. "Downstream Effects of Mine Effluent on an Intermontane Riparian System." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, no. 2 (1991): 222–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f91-030.

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Metal concentrations were determined in benthic biota, fish livers, water, and fine-grained sediment through 215 km of an intermontane river system (Blackfoot River, Montana, USA) affected by headwater inputs of acid-mine effluent. Solute and particulate contaminants decreased rapidly downstream from headwater sources, but some extended through an extensive marsh system. Particulate contaminants penetrated through the marsh system, effectively resulting in food web contamination downstream of the marshes. Metals differed in their bioavailability within and below the marsh system. Cadmium was most consistently accumulated in the food web, and the general order of downstream mobilization of bioavailable metals appears to be Cd, Zn > Cu > As, Ni. Depauperate benthic communities and reduced fish populations occurred coincident with the sediment contamination.

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18

Goodarzi, F., and E. Van Der Flier-Keller. "Organic petrology and geochemistry of intermontane coals from British Columbia." Chemical Geology 75, no. 3 (1989): 227–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(89)90120-4.

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19

Norton, William. "Following rules in the intermontane West: 19th-century Mormon settlement." Behavior Analyst 24, no. 1 (2001): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03392019.

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20

Riesterer, J. W., J. Brian Mahoney, and Paul Karl Link. "The conglomerate of Churn Creek: Late Cretaceous basin evolution along the InsularIntermontane superterrane boundary, southern British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38, no. 1 (2001): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e00-079.

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Upper Cretaceous coarse clastic rocks exposed in the canyon of Churn Creek, south-central British Columbia, record active basin tectonism and coeval volcanism adjacent to the boundary between the Intermontane and Insular superterranes. Mid to late Albian (~104 Ma UPb), calc-alkaline andesite and basaltic andesite flows, with minor conglomerate and reworked epiclastic deposits and tuffs correlative with the Spences Bridge Group of the Intermontane superterrane are exposed in the canyon. In depositional contact above the volcanic rocks is the conglomerate of Churn Creek, which contains a thick (>1 km) sequence of complexly intertonguing conglomerate and sandstone that is divided into two members composed of four lithofacies. The lower member was deposited unconformably on the underlying Albian volcanic unit and contains late AlbianCenomanian chert-pebble (>50% chert) conglomerate and interbedded chert- and volcanic-lithic sandstone. It is interpreted to have been deposited in a braided stream system flowing from southeast to northwest. The source for the chert was most likely the Bridge River terrane, a Mississippian to Jurassic ocean floor assemblage located to the southwest of Churn Creek, south of the Yalakom fault. Gradationally overlying the lower member throughout much of the basin is a mixed chert, plutonic, and volcaniclastic lithofacies of the upper member. Plutonic debris was provided to the mixed and plutonic lithofacies of the upper member by the Little Basin pluton, which was uplifted along the northeast-directed Little Basin thrust fault on the southwest margin of the basin. The upper member also contains a volcanic-rich lithofacies composed of chaotic volcanic conglomerate and local lithic tuff derived from a coeval proximal volcanic source. The conglomerate of Churn Creek records active northeast-vergent compressional tectonism and development of piggyback basins along the boundary between the Insular and Intermontane superterranes during AlbianSantonian time. The conglomerate of Churn Creek has been correlated to the Silverquick Powell Creek succession of the Methow terrane, based on age, stratigraphic, lithologic, structural, geochemical, and paleomagnetic similarities, and may, therefore, represent an overlap assemblage linking the superterranes in the Late Cretaceous.

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21

Gough, D. Ian, and Jacek A. Majorowicz. "Magnetotelluric soundings, structure, and fluids in the southern Canadian Cordillera." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 4 (1992): 609–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-053.

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The Cordillera of western Canada lies in a region of oceanic and island-arc lithosphere accreted to North America during subductions of the last 200 Ma. Magnetometer arrays have shown the crust of the region to be highly conductive. Magnetotelluric (MT) soundings across the Intermontane and Omineca tectonic belts between 50°N and 54°N reveal structure in terms of electrical resistivity. Pseudosections of phase and apparent resistivity and preliminary resistivity–depth sections are shown for three transects. The resistivity range is from less than one ohm metre to several thousands of ohm metres. In old continental shields, crustal resistivities cover a similar four-decade range transposed up two decades, i.e., 102–106 Ω∙m. We show that the observed resistivities can be produced by water with NaCl and (or) CO2 in solution, at the high temperatures of the Cordilleran crust, in fractured rock of effective porosity 4–5%. The resistivity variations may represent varying fracture densities. By following structures from outcrops we infer that the more resistive rocks are probably granitoid plutons, with low fracture densities. The highly conductive basalts probably have higher fracture densities. Sections and phase maps indicate that granitoid plutons continue from the Coast Plutonic Complex, under a thin layer of basalt, across the southwestern half of the Intermontane Belt. Near the centre of the Intermontane Belt, in line with the Fraser fault system, highly conductive rock continues from the surface at least to midcrustal depths. Resistivities as low as 1 Ω∙m in the uppermost crust under the Cariboo Mountains, in the Omineca Belt, are ascribed to intense fracturing or mineralization. For the southernmost transect, between 50°N and 51°N, a phase pseudosection shows informative resemblances to the sections farther north. Resistivity–depth inversions at seven sites from six-decade MT data give penetration into the upper mantle, but some of these sites may be affected by static shift. All results fit the mantle upflow hypothesis advanced earlier by Gough.

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22

Dal' Bó, Patrick Francisco Fuhr, and Giorgio Basilici. "Intermontane eolian sand sheet development, Upper Tulum Valley, central-western Argentina." Brazilian Journal of Geology 45, suppl 1 (2015): 97–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-4889201530140.

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ABSTRACTThe intermontane Upper Tulum eolian sand sheet covers an area of ca. 125 km² at north of the San Juan Province, central-western Argentina. The sand sheet is currently an aggrading system where vegetation cover, surface cementation and periodic flooding withhold the development of dunes with slipfaces. The sand sheet surface is divided into three parts according to the distribution of sedimentary features, which reflects the variation in sediment budget, water table level and periodic flooding. The central sand sheet part is the main area of eolian deposition and is largely stabilized by vegetation. The sedimentary succession is 4 m thick and records the vertical interbedding of eolian and subaqueous deposits, which have been deposited for at least 3.6 ky with sedimentation rates of 86.1 cm/ky. The construction of the sand sheet is associated with deflation of the sand-graded debris sourced by San Juan alluvial fan, which is available mainly in drier fall-winter months where water table is lower and wind speeds are periodically above the threshold velocity for sand transport. The accumulation of sedimentary bodies occurs in a stabilized eolian system where vegetation cover, thin mud veneers and surface cementation are the main agents in promoting accumulation. The preservation of the sand sheet accumulations is enabled by the progressive creation of the accommodation space in a tectonically active basin and the continuous burial of geological bodies favored by high rates of sedimentation.

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23

Burbank, McLean, Bullen, Abdrakhmatov, and Miller. "Partitioning of intermontane basins by thrust‐related folding, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan." Basin Research 11, no. 1 (1999): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2117.1999.00086.x.

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24

Chernousenko, G. I., and S. S. Kurbatskaya. "Soil salinization in different natural zones of intermontane depressions in Tuva." Eurasian Soil Science 50, no. 11 (2017): 1255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064229317110047.

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25

Remus, David, Mark Webster, and Kanjana Keawkan. "Rift architecture and sedimentology of the Phetchabun Intermontane Basin, central Thailand." Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences 8, no. 1-4 (1993): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-9547(93)90043-o.

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26

Saroli, Michele, Michele Lancia, Matteo Albano, Giuseppe Modoni, Marco Moro, and Gabriele Scarascia Mugnozza. "New geological data on the Cassino intermontane basin, central Apennines, Italy." Rendiconti Lincei 25, S2 (2014): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-014-0338-5.

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27

Pierce, Harold G., and Donald L. Rasmussen. "New land snails (Archaeogastropoda, Helicinidae) from the Miocene (Early Barstovian) Flint Creek beds of western Montana." Journal of Paleontology 63, no. 6 (1989): 846–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000036520.

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Waldemaria monticola Pierce n. sp. and “Hendersonia” valida Pierce n. sp. are described from fluviatile sediments of the intermontane Flint Creek Basin of western Montana. The genus Waldemaria was previously known only from Japan. The presence of these two genera suggest a marked climatic cooling when compared with western North American Eocene–Oligocene faunas. The stratigraphy of the Flint Creek beds, and the associated vertebrate fauna, diagnostic of an early Barstovian age (17–15 Ma), is summarized.

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28

Isbell, John L. "The Kukri Erosion Surface; a reassessment of its relationship to rocks of the Beacon Supergroup in the central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica." Antarctic Science 11, no. 2 (1999): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102099000292.

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Much of Antarctica's Devonian to Jurassic geological history is interpreted from the study of the Beacon Supergroup in the central Transantarctic Mountains. The upper part of the succession has been extensively investigated, although, few studies focus on the basal rocks. Deposition occurred within a Transantarctic basin believed to have extended along the edge of the East Antarctic Craton in early Beacon time, either as a marginal, passive margin, or a cratonic basin. Early basinal deposits include the Devonian Taylor Group and Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian glacial sediments. Previous studies concluded that the Taylor Group in CTM was deposited as a continuous sheet across the low-relief Kukri Erosion Surface that developed on the planed Ross orogenic belt. These interpretations also concluded that late Palaeozoic glaciation truncated the Devonian sheet. New data suggest that this view, and current models for the early Beacon basin, maybe incorrect. Lithofacies, palaeocurrent orientations, sandstone composition, and stratigraphical relationships of central Transantarctic Mountains rocks suggest that deposition occurred within two intermontane or successor basins following post-orogenic uplift of the Ross terrain. Segregation of lithofacies and onlap of Taylor Group rocks onto an undulating Kukri Erosion Surface show that a basement high separated non-marine deposits between the Byrd and Ramsey glaciers from marine sediment in the Ohio Range. Onlap of glacial rocks and palaeocurrent data suggest intermontane conditions continued until the Early Permian.

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29

Whall, JD, and DC Lasenby. "Differences in the trophic role of Mysis diluviana in two intermontane lakes." Aquatic Biology 5 (May 29, 2009): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00162.

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30

Cadena, Edwin-Alberto, and Ismael Casado-Ferrer. "Late Miocene freshwater mussels from the intermontane Chota Basin, northern Ecuadorean Andes." Journal of South American Earth Sciences 89 (January 2019): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2018.10.012.

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31

Barragán, Roberto, Roger Baudino, and René Marocco. "Geodynamic evolution of the Neogene intermontane Chota basin, Northern Andes of Ecuador." Journal of South American Earth Sciences 9, no. 5-6 (1996): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-9811(96)00016-8.

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32

Symons, D. TA, M. J. Harris, P. JA McCausland, W. H. Blackburn, and C. JR Hart. "MesozoicCenozoic paleomagnetism of the Intermontane and YukonTanana terranes, Canadian Cordillera." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 42, no. 6 (2005): 1163–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e04-086.

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Lithoprobe Slave Northern Cordillera Lithospheric Evolution (SNORCLE) transect support enabled 24 paleomagnetic collections (536 sites, 6547 specimens) to be made in the northern Cordillera. Paleopoles from 16 studies are integrated with other published paleopoles to present a tectonic synthesis for the Intermontane Belt (IMB) and YukonTanana (YT) terranes since 215 Ma. It shows that the YT terrane has been parautochthonous with the North American craton at least since the Early Jurassic. Since 54 Ma the IMB terranes have rotated steadily clockwise at 0.29° ± 0.11°/Ma on top of the YT terrane and craton or by 16° ± 6° clockwise. Between 102 ± 14 and 54 Ma, the IMB terranes rotated another 35° ± 14° clockwise, probably during Paleocene collision with the craton, and were translated 8.3° ± 7.0° (2σ) (915 ± 775 km) northward, probably during the Late Cretaceous on the Kula plate. The 915 km estimate is much less than most paleomagnetic estimates for "Baja BC" but agrees with the geological evidence. These post-Jurassic estimates are used to reconstruct the position of the Late Triassic Jurassic cratonic apparent polar wander path for the IMB. The resulting IMB path is found to be concordant with the Cache Creek and Quesnellia terrane poles, indicating that these terranes were together and close to the craton in the Early Jurassic. These results place the IMB terranes close to the Pacific coastline of the northern USA and southern Canada but rotated 35° ± 14° counterclockwise, in the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous.

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33

Burianyk, Michael J. A., and Ernest R. Kanasewich. "Crustal velocity structure of the Omineca and Intermontane Belts, southeastern Canadian Cordillera." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 100, B8 (1995): 15303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95jb00719.

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34

Whitney, Donna L., and Michael F. McGroder. "Cretaceous crustal section through the proposed Insular-Intermontane suture, North Cascades, Washington." Geology 17, no. 6 (1989): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0555:ccsttp>2.3.co;2.

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35

OHLMACHER, G. C. "Structural Domains and Their Potential Impact on Recharge to Intermontane-Basin Aquifers." Environmental & Engineering Geoscience V, no. 1 (1999): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.v.1.61.

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36

von Seckendorff, Volker, Christoph Arz, and Volker Lorenz. "Magmatism of the late Variscan intermontane Saar-Nahe Basin (Germany): a review." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 223, no. 1 (2004): 361–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2004.223.01.16.

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37

Carasco, B. "Lacustrine sedimentation in a Permian intermontane basin: The Villé graben (Vosges, France)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 70, no. 1-3 (1989): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(89)90088-6.

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38

Yousafzai, Asim, Yoram Eckstein, and Peter Dahl. "Numerical simulation of groundwater flow in the Peshawar intermontane basin, northwest Himalayas." Hydrogeology Journal 16, no. 7 (2008): 1395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-008-0355-5.

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39

Dar, Reyaz Ahmad, Rakesh Chandra, and Shakil Ahmad Romshoo. "Morphotectonic and lithostratigraphic analysis of intermontane Karewa Basin of Kashmir Himalayas, India." Journal of Mountain Science 10, no. 1 (2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11629-013-2494-y.

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40

Searle, M. P., K. T. Pickering, and D. J. W. Cooper. "Restoration and evolution of the intermontane Indus molasse basin, Ladakh Himalaya, India." Tectonophysics 174, no. 3-4 (1990): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(90)90327-5.

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41

Zembo, Irene, Pietro Vignola, Sergio Andò, Riccardo Bersezio, and Luigina Vezzoli. "Tephrochronological study in the quaternary Val d’Agri intermontane basin (Southern Apennines, Italy)." International Journal of Earth Sciences 100, no. 1 (2009): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-009-0501-x.

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42

Pennetta, Micla, Filippo Russo, and Carlo Donadio. "Late Quaternary environmental evolution of the intermontane Valle Caudina basin, southern Italy." Rendiconti Lincei 25, S2 (2014): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-014-0334-9.

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43

Galli, Claudia I., Ricardo N. Alonso, Elisabet Beamud Amorós, et al. "Plio-Pleistocene paleoenvironmental evolution of the intermontane Humahuaca Basin, southern Central Andes." Journal of South American Earth Sciences 111 (November 2021): 103502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103502.

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44

Матвеев, Sergey Matveev, Гупалов, and Dmitriy Gupalov. "Silvicultural and dendroclimatic analysis of plantations Gmelin larch western part of the Putoran plateau." Forestry Engineering Journal 5, no. 3 (2015): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14153.

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The results of the silvicultural analysis of characteristics and condition of Gmelin larch stands and other components phytocoenosis in various site conditions: Larch sphagnum-ledum (slopes of the northern and southern exposure) and Larch alder (intermontane site) in the upper reaches of Lama lake (Putorana plateau). In the surveyed stands dominated by trees 150-200 years old. Plantings on the northern slopes are in satisfactory sanitary condition, stable, perform basic environmental functions. Sanitary condition of stands on the slopes of southern exposure - is not satisfactory.

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45

Schneider, J. "Environment, biotas and taphonomy of the Lower Permian lacustrine Niederhäslich limestone, Döhlen basin, Germany." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 84, no. 3-4 (1993): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300006258.

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ABSTRACTA laminated, partly peloidal lacustrine limestone from the Lower Permian intermontane Döhlen basin in Saxony, Germany, contains one of the most diverse late Palaeozoic tetrapod faunas in Europe associated with a marine higher algal flora of Tethyan character. The surprising co-occurrence of these organisms and the lack of fishes is explained by the special position of this basin above the Elbe lineament, the influence of strong volcanism, of differentiated salinity in the lake and of the palaeowind systems, as well as by the action of stratigraphic, palaeogeographic and palaeoecological filters.

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46

FUJIYAMA, Ienori. "Paleontological Study of the Tertiary Deposits of Intermontane Basins, Northwest Thailand -Preliminary report-." Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) 97, no. 6 (1988): 652–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5026/jgeography.97.6_652.

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47

Osadetz, K. G., C. A. Evenchick, F. Ferri, B. Mayer, and L. R. Snowdon. "Seepage of biogenic natural gas in the Intermontane Belt of the Canadian Cordillera." Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 55, no. 4 (2007): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gscpgbull.55.4.337.

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48

Rybin, A. K., P. Yu Pushkarev, A. Yu Palenov, K. A. Ivanova, A. N. Mansurov, and V. E. Matyukov. "New geophysical data on the depth structure of the Tien Shan intermontane depressions." Moscow University Geology Bulletin 70, no. 1 (2015): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0145875215110010.

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49

Biryukova, O. N., D. S. Orlov, and M. V. Biryukov. "Humus status of buried soils in loess deposits of the Minusinsk intermontane trough." Eurasian Soil Science 41, no. 5 (2008): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064229308050025.

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50

Zelt, B. C., R. M. Ellis, R. M. Clowes, et al. "Crust and upper mantle velocity structure of the Intermontane belt, southern Canadian Cordillera." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 7 (1992): 1530–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-121.

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As part of the Lithoprobe Southern Cordillera transect, seismic refraction data were recorded along a 330 km long strike profile in the Intermontane belt. An iterative combination of two-dimensional traveltime inversion and amplitude forward modelling was used to interpret crust and upper mantle P-wave velocity structure. This region is characterized by (i) a thin near-surface layer with large variations in velocity between 2.8 and 5.4 km/s, and low-velocity regions that correlate well with surface expressions of Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic rocks; (ii) an upper and middle crust with low average velocity gradient, possibly a weak low-velocity zone, and lateral velocity variations between 6.0 and 6.4 km/s; (iii) a distinctive lower crust characterized by significantly higher average velocities relative to midcrustal values beginning at 23 km depth, approximately 8 km thick with average velocities of 6.5 and 6.7 km/s at top and base; (iv) a depth to Moho, as defined by wide-angle reflections, that averages 33 km with variations up to 2 km; and (v) a Moho transition zone of depth extent 1–3 km, below which lies the upper mantle with velocities decreasing from 7.9 km/s in the south to 7.7 km/s in the north. Where the refraction line obliquely crosses a Lithoprobe deep seismic-reflection profile, good agreement is obtained between the interpreted reflection section and the derived velocity structure model. In particular, depths to wide-angle reflectors in the upper crust agree with depths to prominent reflection events, and Moho depths agree within 1 km. From this comparison, the upper and middle crust probably comprise the upper part of the Quesnellia terrane. The lower crust from the refraction interpretation does not show the division into two components, parautochthonous and cratonic North America, that is inferred from the reflection data, indicating that their physical properties are not significantly different within the resolution of the refraction data. Based on these interpretations, the lower lithosphere of Quesnellia is absent and presumably was recycled in the mantle. At a depth of ~ 16 km below the Moho, an upper mantle reflector may represent the base of the present lithosphere.

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