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1
Johnson, Peter A. "Reflecting on the Success of Open Data." International Journal of E-Planning Research 5, no. 3 (July 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2016070101.
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Despite the high level of interest in open data, little research has evaluated how municipal government evaluates the success of their open data programs. This research presents results from interviews with eight Canadian municipal governments that point to two approaches to evaluation: internal and external. Internal evaluation looks for use within the data generating government, and for support from management and council. External evaluation tracks use by external entities, including citizens, private sector, or other government agencies. Three findings of this work provide guidance for the development of open data evaluation metrics. First, approaches to tracking can be both passive, via web metrics, and active, via outreach activities to users. Second, value of open data must be broadly defined, and extend beyond economic valuations. Lastly, internal support from management or council and the contributions of many organization employees towards the production of open data are important forms of self-evaluation of open data programs.
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Rogers, Alison, Madeleine Bower, Cathy Malla, Sharon Manhire, and Deborah Rhodes. "Developing a Cultural Protocol for Evaluation." Evaluation Journal of Australasia 17, no. 2 (June 2017): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x1701700203.
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Evaluation is understood to be important for ensuring programs and organisations are effective and relevant. Evaluation findings, however, can be potentially inappropriate or not useful if those who have an in-depth understanding of the context are not involved in guidance, direction or implementation. The Fred Hollows Foundation's Indigenous Australia Program (IAP), with more than half of its employees identifying as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander, has developed a cultural protocol for evaluation to strengthen the quality of its program evaluations, whether they are carried out by internal staff or external evaluators. The development of the protocol was initiated after an evaluation capacity building appraisal identified the potential benefits of increased external support to undertake evaluation activities, and the requirement for this external support to be undertaken in a culturally appropriate manner. The protocol was developed by combining IAP's experience and knowledge with contemporary evaluation and research approaches, particularly those developed for use in cross-cultural settings, with the aim of producing a meaningful and locally relevant resource. The protocol aims to assist staff and external evaluators to ensure that evaluation activities are undertaken with the appropriate respect for, and participation of, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander individuals and communities. Consistent with IAP principles, those involved in the process of developing the protocols sought to ensure that engagement between staff, evaluators and evaluation participants occurs in culturally-appropriate ways. IAP believes that the protocol will contribute to stronger evaluation practices, deeper understanding and thus, more useful outcomes. This article describes the process of engaging IAP staff with contextual evidence and the literature around cultural protocols to create a meaningful tool that is useful in our particular context. The process of development described will be useful for: organisations undertaking initiatives that source external evaluators; internal evaluators engaging with external expertise; or evaluators linking with organisations working in a cross-cultural setting.
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BURCAR DUNOVIC, Ivana, Mladen RADUJKOVIC, and Mladen VUKOMANOVIC. "INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL RISK BASED ASSESMENT AND EVALUATION FOR THE LARGE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 22, no. 5 (May 17, 2016): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2015.1128479.
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The level of sensitivity to project success of large infrastructure projects is significantly greater in front-phase than in execution phase. Yet, due to focus on execution phase, methods for project assessment and on-going evaluation during front phases are insufficiently developed. On the other hand, risk management approaches has been moved from risk management towards holistic uncertainty management which is the most beneficial in front end phase of the project. This research identifies that majority of methods and techniques available does not support uncertainty management concept. The purpose of this paper is to develop and new method for risk based project assessment and evaluation integrating risk impact modelling using cumulative distribution curves (CDC) and multi-criteria project evaluation approach. Research is based on in-depth risk analysis of 15 large infrastructure projects using risk model of components and characteristics. The conclusion of the paper is verification and validation of method that combines qualitative and quantitative analysis using risk components, risk breakdown structure, AHP method and risk impact modelling using cumulative distribution curves (CDC) for internal and external risk based assessment and evaluation of large infrastructure projects.
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Кулькова and Varvara Kulkova. "DIAGNOSIS OF DYNAMIC STABILITY OF NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS." Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences 10, no. 3 (May 29, 2015): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11692.
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The research is done at the financial support of Russian Foundation for Humanities within the research project № 14-02-00119
The article presents the results of diagnostics of dynamic stability of NPOs. Methodical approaches to the assessment of external and internal stability of non-profit organizations are presented. The results of done diagnosis of external sustainability of NPOs in the framework of dynamic and transactional approaches indicate "weak" sustainability of NPOs. Factors destabilizing external sustainability are described. According to the evaluation of structural factors of internal stability of NPOs, a trend of increasing project activity of NPOs and growth of innovation in the nonprofit sector in 2011-2014 is shown, which is considered by experts as a cause for increasing the resistance of NPOs.
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Rose, John G., Bradley N. Lemke, Steven C. Dresner, and Mark J. Lucarelli. "Blepharoptosis Treatment Options during Upper Eyelid Cosmetic Blepharoplasty." American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 20, no. 2 (June 2003): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074880680302000202.
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Introduction: To describe surgical techniques of blepharoptosis treatment during upper eyelid cosmetic blepharoplasty. Materials and Methods: All patients underwent a preoperative evaluation, including eyelid position measurements, visual field testing, and, where appropriate, phenylephrine testing. Standard upper eyelid blepharoplasty skin/orbicularis excision was performed, exposing the orbital septum. External levator repair was then performed through an 8-mm incision in the orbital septum. In other patients, internal ptosis repair was performed transconjunctivally following upper eyelid blepharoplasty. Results: Ptosis repair methodologies of internal versus external approaches are compared and contrasted. Discussion: Combining ptosis repair with cosmetic blepharoplasty is a safe, effective treatment for patients who demonstrate both dermatochalasis and ptosis.
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Vlasova, Natalia, and Dmitriy Karkh. "Quality of the master's program: factors and regulatory framework." SHS Web of Conferences 99 (2021): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219901038.
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The quality of educational programs and the assessment criteria is a debatable point. Universities pay special attention to the management and evaluation of the master's program quality to improve competitiveness. Approaches to an external and internal assessment of the quality of master's programs have changed over the past 20 years in Russia. The paper analyses the approach to internal university monitoring of the master's programs, taking into account external requirements and all stakeholders’ opinions. The analysis of the preferences of employers and students allowed us to determine the parameters of internal monitoring of the quality of master's programs. Focused interviews with representatives of local government bodies allowed to identify the blocks of disciplines that need to be further integrated into the master's program in public administration. It is emphasized that the approach to quality assessment should be more flexible in order to respond to the challenges of the external environment.
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Muradyan, Olena. "Life Chances and Opportunities in Ukraine: a Subjective Evaluation of Objective Reality." Sociological studios, no. 1(6) (May 22, 2018): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2306-3971-2015-01-68-78.
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This article examines the state of uncertainty and the large number of social groups with limited vital resource and low status, as the characteristics of the Ukrainian society, which are updated by the attention to adaptation approaches to the analysis of life strategies and the search for the answer to the question: which system of value orientations makes a successful internal and external adaptation to existing conditions and social changes, when the possibility of long-term planning is limited.
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Zaskaleta, Svitlana. "HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY ASSURANCE: FINLAND’S EXPERIENCE." Continuing Professional Education: Theory and Practice, no. 2 (2020): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2020.2.15.
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The article discusses the main approaches to quality assurance in higher education in Finland. The relevance of studying the experience for Ukraine is determined. Quality assurance in higher education is governed by the legal framework of the country. External evaluation is carried out by the Finnish Education Evaluation Center (FINEEC). The objectives of the FINEEC are: evaluation of education, teaching, teachers and activities of higher education institutions; development of educational evaluation; evaluation of the results of training in basic education, higher secondary education and training, basic education in the arts. Finnish higher education institutions are primarily responsible for the quality of education. Self-esteem is accomplished through a digital platform. Program accreditation aims to increase international recognition. The author notes that Higher Education Institutions are actively involved in external evaluations. The quality assurance mechanism of education is constantly being improved. The results of the external evaluation are used as a benchmark for internal evaluation. Higher education institutions select a national or international team to audit. Particular attention is paid to the accreditation of programs. The analysis of the quality assurance system of higher education gives grounds to claim that it is an effective organization, which provides the necessary resources (academic and administrative staff, students, scientific and administrative leaders, financial, material, information, scientific, educational resources, etc.); effective activity of relevant bodies that ensure the quality of higher education of the country; designation of audit teams; identifying audit objectives; undergoing appropriate procedure; defining clear evaluation criteria that demonstrate the effectiveness and quality of the evaluation. The outlined approaches and methods of quality assurance of education serve as an example of imitation for quality assurance of higher education of Ukraine and a guideline for its development.
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Matei, Ani, Corina Georgiana Antonovici, and Carmen Savulescu. "Adaptive Public Administration. Managerial and Evaluation Instruments." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 15, no. 4 (October 25, 2017): 763–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/15.4.763-784(2017).
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The adaptive public administration occurs frequently in theoretical and empirical analyses. The concept itself represents the finality of multiple approaches, assessing and operationalizing the impact of the changes induced by internal and external environment on the current status of a public or private organization. The current paper aims the first integrative synthesis of those processes or state-of-the-art, in view to provide a complex framework and vision to the development of more profound future analyses. Our approach sustains the implementation of a conscious and substantiated vision concerning adaptation in public organizations and/or public administration, revealing their specificity, need for improving the managerial and evaluation instruments, as well as multidisciplinary valorisation of various aspects on organisational adaptation.
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Groen, Jovan F. "Engaging in Enhancement: Implications of Participatory Approaches in Higher Education Quality Assurance." Collected Essays on Learning and Teaching 10 (June 12, 2017): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/celt.v10i0.4728.
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Stemming from increased levels of participation and diversity of the student base and from growing scrutiny on the quality of university degrees, governments have begun establishing mechanisms to monitor and support quality in higher education. Faced with administrative quality assurance structures, academics often complain that little is discussed in terms of collaborative effort toward program opportunities, enhancement, and growth and that focus is solely on accountability. This paper examines the viability of participatory approaches, pulled from the field of evaluation, as a way of leading to a more meaningful enhancement-oriented quality assurance process and creating common ground across the differing interests of external and internal stakeholders to quality in higher education.
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Bartlett, Jonathan D., Fergus O’Connor, Nathan Pitchford, Lorena Torres-Ronda, and Samuel J. Robertson. "Relationships Between Internal and External Training Load in Team-Sport Athletes: Evidence for an Individualized Approach." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 12, no. 2 (February 2017): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0791.
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Purpose:The aim of this study was to quantify and predict relationships between rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and GPS training-load (TL) variables in professional Australian football (AF) players using group and individualized modeling approaches.Methods:TL data (GPS and RPE) for 41 professional AF players were obtained over a period of 27 wk. A total of 2711 training observations were analyzed with a total of 66 ± 13 sessions/player (range 39–89). Separate generalized estimating equations (GEEs) and artificial-neural-network analyses (ANNs) were conducted to determine the ability to predict RPE from TL variables (ie, session distance, high-speed running [HSR], HSR %, m/min) on a group and individual basis.Results:Prediction error for the individualized ANN (root-mean-square error [RMSE] 1.24 ± 0.41) was lower than the group ANN (RMSE 1.42 ± 0.44), individualized GEE (RMSE 1.58 ± 0.41), and group GEE (RMSE 1.85 ± 0.49). Both the GEE and ANN models determined session distance as the most important predictor of RPE. Furthermore, importance plots generated from the ANN revealed session distance as most predictive of RPE in 36 of the 41 players, whereas HSR was predictive of RPE in just 3 players and m/min was predictive of RPE in just 2 players.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that machine learning approaches may outperform more traditional methodologies with respect to predicting athlete responses to TL. These approaches enable further individualization of load monitoring, leading to more accurate training prescription and evaluation.
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Kuriukin, A. N. "THE ECONOMIC LEGAL AWARENESS OF RUSSIANS: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 416–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2018.9.3.416-429.
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Purpose: is to form a comprehensive view of economic legal awareness as the most important factor in the progressive development of the domestic economy and the pledge of the further construction of the rule of law in Russia.Methods: the research is based on the principles of systemic, theoretical-cognitive, institutional, instrumental and interdisciplinary approaches, on the idea of the correlation and interaction of subjective and objective factors in social processes accepted in social science, with relative independence of the subject. Which is devoted to the following tasks: To characterize the legal awareness as a phenomenon and disclose the content of economic legal awareness; To investigate the interaction of the economic legal awareness of modern Russians with regard to the economic task of raising real incomes of citizens; To uncover the legal consciousness of modern Russian business, as the main actor of solving the problem of the Russian Federation becoming one of the five largest economies in the world; To outline the parameters of the influence of economic legal awareness on the creation of a high-performance export-oriented sector in the basic sectors of the economy, developing on the basis of modern technologies and provided with highly qualified personnel.Results: economic legal awareness should be understood as a process and result of the individual's comprehension and evaluation of his legal position in the economy. It is personal and socially conditioned. The state economic policy of Russia has applied specifics, which puts barriers on the way of intensive economic development. The modern Russian in most cases is economically active only for earning, for which he is ready to get a good education and work hard. At the same time, it easily enough goes on minor violations of the law, such as work, without registration for a higher salary or obtaining a loan, which certainly will not be returned in full. At the same time, Russian business, basically, works in the legal field.Сonclusions and relevance: it can be stated that the economic legal awareness of Russians, like the legal awareness in general, is situational in nature, where the individual's desires, needs and interests become a yardstick, for the implementation of which he is ready to violate the law. Overcome this situation can only complex and systematic activity of government bodies, institutions of civil society and the Russian society to solve the economic problems of progressive development facing it, including through legal education and enlightenment.
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Gusevskaya, Natalya Yuryevna. "The Problem of Choice of Public Policy Priorities: Internal and External Vectors." Общество: философия, история, культура, no. 9 (September 25, 2020): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/fik.2020.9.7.
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The purpose of the present study is to determine the priorities and imperatives of state policy, both do-mestic and foreign, from the standpoints of various methodological approaches. Traditionally research-ers used only conservative and liberal approaches, rightly pointing out that the main determinants of the external and internal course of the state are ma-terial aspects, such as territory, social and political resources, military and technological power, eco-nomic potential. The scientific novelty of the study is as follows: the author suggest that the state poli-cy should be analyzed from the standpoint of con-structivism, which provides a more complete expla-nation of the role of foreign policy in the system of efforts made by the state. Based on examining the phenomena of identity and collective historical memory, constructivism proves that the state policy is determined by the place which the issues of do-mestic and foreign policy have in the structure of public opinion, as well as by the elite's ideas about national interests, by traditions of messianism or isolationism. Self-identification of the state, prem-ised on the opposition “we” vs. “they”, builds a system of coordinates that serves a criterion for evaluating the current state policy and the level of realization of needs. Depending on how much reality corresponds to the fixed social images, the level of satisfaction with the current state of foreign or do-mestic policy changes. A high rate of inconsistency encourages a transition to a more active foreign policy, transforming it towards expansion. As a re-sult of the study, it was revealed that the priority of an internal or external vector of the state policy is determined not only by military-economic and other material factors, but also by mental constructs that define nation self-consciousness and the place it fairly takes in the structure of international relations.
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Batechko, Nina, and Mykola Lut. "Technologies of higher education quality assurance in the context of European practices." Continuing Professional Education: Theory and Practice, no. 3-4 (2018): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2018.3-4.133138.
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In the article the technologies of higher education quality assurance have been highlighted in the context of modern European practices. The objectivistic, relativistic approaches to ensure the quality of higher education and development concepts have been analyzed. The relationships between these approaches and their inherent features have been characterized. Considering the complexity and multidimensionality of the quality assurance process in higher education, assessments, control, and quality monitoring have been considered. The features of the quality assurance system, in particular its cyclical nature and focus on improvement, have been pointed out. The systems for assessing the quality of the educational process in the European educational space have been characterized. The objective and relativistic approaches to higher education quality assessment which are customary for Europe have been considered. The emergence of new innovative methods for assessing the quality of education, aimed primarily at improving it, have been noted. The external and internal evaluation in higher education quality assurance systems have been considered. It has been noted that the external quality assessment system is generally more focused on the understanding of quality associated with standards and cost-effectiveness, and internal - with improvements focused on competitiveness and development. In the context of practice, the implementation of technologies for quality assurance in higher education in Ukraine has been presented.
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Jahanshahi, Mahta, Keith Gregg, Gillian Davis, Adora Ndu, Veronica Miller, Jerry Vockley, Cecile Ollivier, Tanja Franolic, and Sharon Sakai. "The Use of External Controls in FDA Regulatory Decision Making." Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science 55, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): 1019–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43441-021-00302-y.
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AbstractThe regulatory standards of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) require substantial evidence of effectiveness from adequate and well-controlled trials that typically use a valid comparison to an internal concurrent control. However, when it is not feasible or ethical to use an internal control, particularly in rare disease populations, relying on external controls may be acceptable. To better understand the use of external controls to support product development and approval, we reviewed FDA regulatory approval decisions between 2000 and 2019 for drug and biologic products to identify pivotal studies that leveraged external controls, with a focus on select therapeutic areas. Forty-five approvals were identified where FDA accepted external control data in their benefit/risk assessment; they did so for many reasons including the rare nature of the disease, ethical concerns regarding use of a placebo or no-treatment arm, the seriousness of the condition, and the high unmet medical need. Retrospective natural history data, including retrospective reviews of patient records, was the most common source of external control (44%). Other types of external control were baseline control (33%); published data (11%); and data from a previous clinical study (11%). To gain further insights, a comprehensive evaluation of selected approvals utilizing different types of external control is provided to highlight the variety of approaches used by sponsors and the challenges encountered in supporting product development and FDA decision making; particularly, the value and use of retrospective natural history in the development of products for rare diseases. Education on the use of external controls based on FDA regulatory precedent will allow for continued use and broader application of innovative approaches to clinical trial design, while avoiding delays in product development for rare diseases. Learnings from this review also highlight the need to update regulatory guidance to acknowledge the utility of external controls, particularly retrospective natural history data.
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Hobart, Jeremy, Stefan Cano, Rachel Baron, Alan Thompson, Steven Schwid, John Zajicek, and David Andrich. "Achieving valid patient-reported outcomes measurement: a lesson from fatigue in multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 19, no. 13 (April 10, 2013): 1773–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458513483378.
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Background:The increasing influence of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measurement instruments indicates their scrutiny has never been more crucial. Above all, PRO instruments should be valid: shown to assess what they purport to assess.Objectives:To evaluate a widely used fatigue PRO instrument, highlight key issues in understanding PRO instrument validity, demonstrate limitations of those approaches and justify notable changes in the validation process.Methods:A two-phase evaluation of the 40-item Fatigue Impact scale (FIS): a qualitative evaluation of content and face validity using expert opinion ( n=30) and a modified Delphi technique; a quantitative psychometric evaluation of internal and external construct validity of data from 333 people with multiple sclerosis using traditional and modern methods.Results:Qualitative evaluation did not support content or face validity of the FIS. Expert opinion agreed with the subscale placement of 23 items (58%), and classified all 40 items as being non-specific to fatigue impact. Nevertheless, standard quantitative psychometric evaluations implied, largely, FIS subscales were reliable and valid.Conclusions:Standard quantitative ‘psychometric’ evaluations of PRO instrument validity can be misleading. Evaluation of existing PRO instruments requires both qualitative and statistical methods. Development of new PRO instruments requires stronger conceptual underpinning, clearer definitions of the substantive variables for measurement and hypothesis-testing experimental designs.
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Udovichenko, S. K., A. V. Toporkov, I. G. Karnaukhov, V. A. Safronov, O. V. Kedrova, V. P. Toporkov, and V. V. Kutyrev. "Evaluation of External and Internal Threats to Sanitary-Epidemiological Welfare of the Population in the Context of Mass Sporting Events." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 2 (June 20, 2013): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2013-2-26-32.
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Mass gatherings (MGs) always incur some kind of potential hazard associated with incipiency of emergency situations with sanitary-epidemiological bias (ES). Upcoming Universiade (World Student Games) in Kazan (July, 2013) raises an issue of implementation of a unified system of approaches to the effective provision of sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population, taking due account of peculiarities and specific conditions under which the MG will be conducted. Therewith key objective of this study has been formulated as elaboration of the system based on epidemiological assessment of real and potential threats at the MG. Analyzed have been the data on 37 MGs carried out over the period of 25 years since 1987 up to 2012; investigated is epidemiological situation in 170 participating states. Worked out is a scheme of qualitative determination of potential epidemiological threat on the basis of comprehensive assessment of epidemiological risks in the endemic territories of the troubled regions. Distinguished is a complex of measures for the provision of sanitary-epidemiological welfare when managing the Universiade in Kazan heedful of high potential epidemiological hazard of this event.
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Alzahrani, Musaad, and Saad Alqithami. "An External Client-Based Approach for the Extract Class Refactoring: A Theoretical Model and an Empirical Approach." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (August 31, 2020): 6038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176038.
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A commonly observed ambiguity of a class is simply a reflection of multiple methods’ implementation within an individual class. The process of Extract Class refactoring is, therefore, used to separate the different responsibilities of a class into different classes. A major limitation in existing approaches of the Extract Class refactoring is based on factors that are internal to the class, i.e., structural and semantic relationships between methods, in order to identify and separate the responsibilities of the class which are inadequate in many cases. Thus, we propose a novel approach that exploits the clients of the class to support the Extract Class refactoring. The importance of this approach lies in its usefulness to support existing approaches since it involves factors external to the class, i.e., the clients. Moreover, an extensive empirical evaluation is presented to support the proposed method through the utilization of real classes selected from two open source systems. The result shows the potential of our proposed approach and usefulness that leads to an improvement in the quality of the considered classes.
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Melnyk, A. O. "A Methodical Approach to the Assessment of Organizational Culture." Business Inform 6, no. 521 (2021): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-6-245-250.
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The article is concerned with substantiating a methodical approach to the assessment of organizational culture. In today’s business environment, organizational culture plays an important role in the successful work of the organization, serves as the basis for the growth and increase of its effectiveness. The article is aimed at the theoretical generalizing the methods of diagnosis, assessment and analysis of organizational culture and substantiating the methodical approach to its assessment. A theoretical generalization of the main approaches to the assessment of organizational culture was carried out and, based upon its results, it was determined that all existing approaches involve either qualitative or quantitative assessment. Taking into account the variety of approaches and the advantages of quantitative methods, it is substantiated that it is advisable to use a formalized approach (quantitative methods) to assess organizational culture. Also the main approaches to the assessment of organizational culture are systematized, with a special emphasis on quantitative methods. The goals, methods and procedures of various approaches are analyzed, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of individual methods of assessment of organizational culture are described. Thus, for a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of organizational culture, it is advisable to conduct a comprehensive assessment, taking into account the internal and external factors of organizational culture. As result of the study, it is generalized that the parameters of the assessment of organizational culture should include the following groups: communications (C); management (M); motivation and morality (M); work (W); adaptability (A); strategy and mission (S). As a result of the research, a methodical approach to the assessment of organizational culture was proposed, which allows determining the level of organizational culture. The advantages of the proposed approach are that it has an applied character, a high degree of formalization, is quite easy to use, takes into account both the internal and the external aspects of organizational culture.
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Nadeina, E. A. "Key Approaches to Evaluate of Industrial Enterprise Management System Performance." Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii 18, no. 1 (2021): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-1.12.
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The relevance of the research is due to the necessity of external and internal problem solving in the context of dynamic changes of external business environment by a successful industrial enterprise. The first type of tasks is the need to sustainability of enterprise development. The author has suggested endogenous approach which is linking the development of enterprise with finding new solutions at each stages of the life cycle. The second task of enterprise is due to contribute to the sustainable development of society, and the approach to solve this problem is designated as exogenous. The exogenous approach aims at the agreement of enterprise owners and people, ensuring balanced and continuous socio-economic development of enterprises. This type of development is in conformity with law of evolution of societies and Nature Conservation Act. The author has identified the differences between of previously mentioned approaches on the criteria: emphasis; aims; principles; functions; core of development; innovations; adaptation; restrictive parameters; final purpose. These approaches should be used consistently in the development of complex indicators of management decisions within author’s hypothesis. The author has presented own evaluation method for each approach. The methodology of enterprise’s assessment of targeted sustainable development is the core of endogenous approach. This methodology includes the technology and development of tools for identifying the convergence of growth rate of industrial, environmental, social, innovative management subsystems. The basis of exogenous approach is the author’s methodology to determine enterprise impact on social, environmental, economic spheres of activity in society and its assessment over time. The author’s suggestion will be a basis of mechanism for identification of functional consistency of industrial enterprise management systems in further research.
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Satheesan, Sisira, and Noufal Hameed. "Gender differences in developmental assets profile of college going youth: a report from India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 2 (January 24, 2018): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180256.
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Background: Recent years have seen a paradigm shift in the way development during young age is considered where the focus of attention has moved from the deficit based approaches to one that of strength based. Among the various strength based approaches in youth development, developmental assets profile has achieved a prominent place. The present study is aimed at providing a preliminary evaluation of developmental assets on a group of young people from Kerala State, India. Methods: One hundred and forty (63 females, 77 males) participants were assessed on developmental assets profile survey. Results: Of the sample, 6.4%, 58.6%, 33.6%, and 1.4% of youth fell in the thriving, adequate, vulnerable, and challenged categories, respectively. Analysis of composite internal assets showed that 15.7%, 47.9%, 33.5%, and 2.9%, fell in the thriving, adequate, vulnerable, and challenged categories respectively. In the external assets scores, this was 22.1%, 49.3%, 27.9%, and 0.7%. Significant gender differences were found in the number of total internal, external, and total assets reported. Conclusions: The present study is one of the first studies attempting to assess the developmental assets profile of the college going youth in India and to analyse the gender differences on the same. This way, the study provides a preliminary, nonetheless important understanding about the developmental assets profile of a sample of college going youth.
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Ivanenko, V. O., and S. M. Laichuk. "Matrix Methods in Assessing the Feasibility of Accounting Outsourcing." Business Inform 2, no. 517 (2021): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-2-223-232.
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The decision to outsource should be preceded by a thorough substantiation for its feasibility and efficiency. The existence of many models and methods for substantiating the feasibility of outsourcing is primarily associated with different approaches to evaluating the efficiency and with variety of types of outsourcing, as for each type an individual calculation may be offered. As one of the most popular analytical instruments for preliminary outsourcing evaluation is defined the use of matrix method, by means of which the most common «outsourcing matrices» are considered (McKinsey’s BCG matrices, «Pricewarehouse Coopers», D. Khlebnikov, A. Kh. Kurbanov, IBS, B. O. Anikin and I. L. Ruda, A. H. Isavnin and I. I. Farkhutdinov, N. K. Moiseeva, O. M. Malyutina and I. O. Moskovina) and it is justified that the main difference between the existing matrices is the criteria for evaluating business processes (functions). A matrix of strategic measures on accounting outsourcing has been developed, which analyzes the internal and external environment from the point of view of the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise, its capabilities and expected threats. Opportunities and threats are caused by the external (uncontrolled or poorly controlled) factors, while strengths and weaknesses – by the internal (controlled) factors. It is emphasized that SWOT analysis is an effective instrument for business cooperation and a way to optimize activities of enterprise. It is proved that the main purpose of SWOT analysis of outsourcing of accounting services is to determine the current situation, prospects and the further best behavioral strategy for accounting on one’s own or delegation of accounting to external executors. Prospects for further research are study and assessment of risks that arise when carrying out outsourcing activities.
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Singh, Bhupender, Sandeep Grover, and Vikram Singh. "An empirical study of benchmarking evaluation using MCDM in service industries." Managerial Auditing Journal 32, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 111–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-11-2015-1274.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to generate awareness of contributions made by benchmarking toward building performance of Indian service industries in globally market. Ranking of Benchmarking is done on the basis of their application which give confidence for the managers to adopt in their Industries so that they may become best in their field. Design/methodology/approach Methodology consists of three phase: define, phase include definitions, factors of benchmarking as literature outcomes, questionnaire survey and outcome of survey. In the second phase, analysis of collected data and applications of multi-criteria decision-making approaches [technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and analytical network process (ANP)] are used. The last phase includes comparison of results which gives validation in similarities of ranking obtained. Findings The study identifies seven different benchmarking techniques used for service industries. Using TOPSIS and ANP approaches shows similarity that external benchmarking, performance benchmarking and internal benchmarking are the first three ranks that give basis for several critical success factors s, namely, planning, reliability, standardization, time behavior, usability, etc., as part of benchmarking using in service industries. Research limitations/implications The limitation is the assumptions made by multi-criteria decision-making approaches which may effect the analysis of the study as these are taken theoretically. Originality/value This study is a first attempt to find similarities in both techniques while comparing benchmarking in Indian service industries.
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Hnylytska, L., D. Melnychuk, S. Boguslavska, O. Pidvalna, and T. Chechetova-Terashvili. "SECURITY PRIORITIES IN ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 2, no. 37 (April 30, 2021): 374–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v2i37.230312.
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Abstract. The article establishes a causal relationship between economic security and efficiency of the enterprise and hypothesizes about the need to expand approaches to analytical evaluation of efficiency, taking into account the security priorities of the enterprise. It has been proved that in the present conditions, the effectiveness of the activities of domestic enterprises is characterized not only by achieving a positive value of the financial result (profit), but also by the ability to withstand modern economic challenges to ensure the continuity of statutory activities. Therefore, the purpose of the article was to develop a safe-oriented model for evaluating the effectiveness of the enterprise and forming scientifically based recommendations for use as its methodological basis indicators that characterize the level of economic security. The methodological basis of the safety-oriented model is a system of balanced economic indicators, which ensures the evaluation of the efficiency of the enterprise from the standpoint of systemic integrity and enables multi-vector analysis of efficiency with trend determination and highlighting the most significant factors that influence the change in profitof the enterprise.. Unlike the classic efficiency assessment model based on coefficient analysis, which provides for the calculation of generalizing efficiency coefficients without taking into account external factors of influence on the activities of the enterprise, the safe and indicative model is based on methodological approaches to the consistency of certain groups of financial and economic indicators that characterize the impact of threats to the internal and external environment of the enterprise’s functioning to change the basic level of efficiency. The safety-oriented model of performance assessment was tested in the activities of agro-industrial enterprises . 2) in the emergence of reserves for increasing efficiency by leveling the impact of threats to the internal and externalenvironment; 3) establishing subordination between indicators in determining the general (effective) indicators that characterize the achieved level of efficiency of the enterprise; 4) the implementation of dynamic and factor analysis of the efficiency of the enterprise. Keywords: economic security, efficiency of the enterprise, analytical evaluation of efficiency, balanced indicators system, factor analysis, trend (dynamic) analysis, efficiency coefficients. JEL Classification H55, H56, М40 Formulas: 0; fig.:1; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 34.
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Komune, Noritaka, Daisuke Kuga, Koichi Miki, and Takashi Nakagawa. "Variations of en Bloc Resection for Advanced External Auditory Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Detailed Anatomical Considerations." Cancers 13, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 4556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13184556.
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Currently, only lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR) and subtotal temporal bone resection (STBR) are widely utilized for the surgical treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal (EAC-SCC). However, there are few descriptions of variations on these surgical approaches. This study aimed to elucidate the variations of en bloc resection for advanced EAC-SCC. We dissected the four sides of cadaveric heads to reveal the anatomical structures related to temporal bone resection. From the viewpoint of surgical anatomy, surgical patterns of temporal bone cutting can be divided into four categories: conventional LTBR, extended LTBR, conventional STBR, and modified STBR. Extended LTBR is divided into four types: superior, inferior, anterior, and posterior extensions. Several extension procedures can be combined based on the extension of the tumor. Furthermore, en bloc resection with the temporomandibular joint or glenoid fossa increases the technical difficulty of a surgical procedure because the exposure and manipulation of the petrous segment of the internal carotid artery are limited from the middle cranial fossa. Surgical approaches for advanced SCC of the temporal bone are diverse. They require accurate preoperative evaluation of the tumor extension and preoperative consideration of the exact line of resection to achieve marginal negative resection.
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Kim, Eungchan, Young Ock, Seung-Jun Shin, and Wonchul Seo. "An Approach to Generating Reference Information for Technology Evaluation." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 7, 2018): 3200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093200.
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A system for technology evaluation is essential for successfully implementing a technology-based financial support system. Technology evaluation has generally relied on the qualitative evaluation performed by the relevant experts. When evaluating the technologies that a certain target firm possesses, the previous evaluation results for other firms that are similar to the target firm are used together for the purpose of improving the efficiency of the qualitative evaluation. To do this, technology evaluation institutes including, KOTEC, have presented a way to create a peer group and generate reference information in order to provide a clear guidance to the evaluators. However, the current approaches have limitations in that they cannot explore the detailed features of the individual firms. Therefore, this study proposes a systematic approach to generate reference information that facilitates efficient technology evaluation. We first create a peer group by collecting the relevant firms that have similarities with a certain target firm, and then measure the internal and external similarities between the target firm and all of the firms included in the peer group. We define the average value of similarities according to each evaluation rating as density, and finally generate the distribution and the descriptive statistics for the density as reference information. We expect that this study can contribute to improving the efficiency of qualitative evaluation work by provide practical reference information. Furthermore, the reliability of the technology evaluation will also be improved by reducing the difference in the evaluation results due to the individual differences of the evaluator.
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Prikhodko, Yuriy. "Foundations of the innovative theory of systems transformation." Problems of Innovation and Investment Development, no. 24 (April 27, 2021): 4–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33813/2224-1213.24.2021.1.
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Purpose. The purpose of the article is to justify the theoretical basis and methodological foundations of the systems’ transformation in the context of the influence of external and internal factors. Methodology. The results of the article were obtained through the application of such methods: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction in the study of systems, the theory of self-organization and scientific concepts. These methods form the basis of a modern study of the self-organization of systems of living or inanimate nature of artificial or natural organic or inorganic, socio-economic, humanitarian, military, political and other origins. Systematic method – for substantiating the laws and principles of the transformation of systems, the general law of transformation of systems; modeling – for developed mathematical model of the system. Results. The author substantiates the regularities and principles of system’ transformation, determines the external and internal factors of this process, reveals their objectivity and subjectivity; the general law of transformation of systems is defined and formulated; An approach to mathematical modeling of systems is proposed on the basis of complex consideration and application of external and internal factors. Originality. The general law of systems transformation is definite for the first time. The law objectively takes into account all existing theories and concepts concerning transformation, self-organization and modernization of systems, that is quantitative, qualitative and functional changes taking place with them. The mathematical model of the system is represented by the function of the action and interaction of objective and subjective external and internal factors. Practical value. The obtained research results allow at the present stage of development of science to create a universal approach and the corresponding equipment for modeling, analysis and evaluation of the degree of transformation of systems of any origin. The determination of their productivity, stability, prevention of chaos, dissipation and corresponding corrective actions, depending on missions and goals, actions that are being persecuted and carried out or are taking place. According to the research, the way to the solution of this problem lies in the field of the most optimal representation of the action of external and internal factors by physical, social or any other nature by mathematical, functional, statistical, expert methods on the basis of the corresponding presented functions and qualimetric approaches. Key words: system, theory of self-organization, transformation, thermodynamics evolution, interaction, external factors, internal factors, model.
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Karam, S., M. Peter, S. Hosseinyalamdary, and G. Vosselman. "AN EVALUATION PIPELINE FOR INDOOR LASER SCANNING POINT CLOUDS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-1 (September 26, 2018): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-1-85-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The necessity for the modelling of building interiors has encouraged researchers in recent years to focus on improving the capturing and modelling techniques for such environments. State-of-the-art indoor mobile mapping systems use a combination of laser scanners and/or cameras mounted on movable platforms and allow for capturing 3D data of buildings’ interiors. As GNSS positioning does not work inside buildings, the extensively investigated Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) algorithms seem to offer a suitable solution for the problem. Because of the dead-reckoning nature of SLAM approaches, their results usually suffer from registration errors. Therefore, indoor data acquisition has remained a challenge and the accuracy of the captured data has to be analysed and investigated. In this paper, we propose to use architectural constraints to partly evaluate the quality of the acquired point cloud in the absence of any ground truth model. The internal consistency of walls is utilized to check the accuracy and correctness of indoor models. In addition, we use a floor plan (if available) as an external information source to check the quality of the generated indoor model. The proposed evaluation method provides an overall impression of the reconstruction accuracy. Our results show that perpendicularity, parallelism, and thickness of walls are important cues in buildings and can be used for an internal consistency check.</p>
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Kozbagarov, Olzhas, Rustam Mussabayev, and Nenad Mladenovic. "A New Sentence-Based Interpretative Topic Modeling and Automatic Topic Labeling." Symmetry 13, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13050837.
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This article presents a new conceptual approach for the interpretative topic modeling problem. It uses sentences as basic units of analysis, instead of words or n-grams, which are commonly used in the standard approaches.The proposed approach’s specifics are using sentence probability evaluations within the text corpus and clustering of sentence embeddings. The topic model estimates discrete distributions of sentence occurrences within topics and discrete distributions of topic occurrence within the text. Our approach provides the possibility of explicit interpretation of topics since sentences, unlike words, are more informative and have complete grammatical and semantic constructions inside. The method for automatic topic labeling is also provided. Contextual embeddings based on the BERT model are used to obtain corresponding sentence embeddings for their subsequent analysis. Moreover, our approach allows big data processing and shows the possibility of utilizing the combination of internal and external knowledge sources in the process of topic modeling. The internal knowledge source is represented by the text corpus itself and often it is a single knowledge source in the traditional topic modeling approaches. The external knowledge source is represented by the BERT, a machine learning model which was preliminarily trained on a huge amount of textual data and is used for generating the context-dependent sentence embeddings.
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Lyulyov, Oleksii, and Bogdan Moskalenko. "Institutional Quality and Shadow Economy: An Investment Potential Evaluation Model." Virtual Economics 3, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34021/ve.2020.03.04(7).
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The article summarizes some arguments as regards the scientific challenge on improving approaches to evaluating the country’s investment potential. The main objective of the research is to identify the features and perspectives of applying the variables such as the shadow economy and the integrated institutional quality index into a model evaluating the country’s investment potential. To solve this task, systematization of the related theoretical and methodological materials has been done. The methodological tools of the research are carried out in the following logical sequence: systematization of existing statistical methods for estimating the shadow economy; time data series analysis; and regression analysis. The scope of the shadow economy could be estimated as a dependent variable, with both its determinants and indicators detected and measured. The macro methods, such as Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) are suitable approaches from an econometric standpoint to evaluate the shadow economy. Institutional quality is crucially an important variable for empirical studies related to evaluating the country’s investment potential. The proposed approach considers significance and direction of the six Worldwide Government Indicators’ (WGI) impact on foreign direct investment net inflow, eliminating the issue of their multicollinearity. However, political instability and high frequency of foreign and domestic policy changes during the last decades distort statistical significance of the results obtained. FDI inflow, as well as the quality of governance, and the shadow economy, is influenced by many other factors, both internal and external, so to build a qualitative model for evaluating the country’s investment potential of the national economy it is necessary to expand the set of factors for analysis. The results of the research can be useful for a more accurate investment potential evaluation on the macroeconomic level, and forecasting foreign direct investment inflows for the following time periods.
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Zhuk, Valerii, Iryna Zamula, Dmytro Liudvenko, and Yevheniya Popko. "Development of non-financial reporting of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine." Agricultural and Resource Economics: International Scientific E-Journal 6, no. 4 (December 20, 2020): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51599/are.2020.06.04.05.
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Purpose. The purpose of the study is to develop non-financial reporting of medium-sized agricultural enterprises of Ukraine through the definition of the main activities of the enterprise, which are subject to disclosure in non-financial reporting, to meet the information needs of internal and external stakeholders of such enterprises.
Methodology / approach. The research methods are based on dialectical and systematic approaches to assessing the current state of non-financial reporting of Ukrainian enterprises. Methods of analysis and synthesis are used to determine the main activities of agricultural enterprises, which are subject to disclosure in non-financial statements, based on requests from interested users. To obtain data on information requests of internal stakeholders of the surveyed enterprises, continuous initial observation was applied, and external sample holders were subjected to continuous sample observation. Internal (in particular, the population units are employees and owners) and external (in particular, the population units are contractors, consumers, creditors, investors, government agencies, NGOs) stakeholders are selected as the object of observation.
Results. According to the results of the study, in the formation of non-financial reporting agricultural enterprises of Ukraine should pay special attention to areas of activity that are of greatest interest to stakeholders: development and improvement of working conditions, investment in regional development, respect for human rights, implementation of CSR programs in the supply chain. The main activities of the company, which are subject to disclosure in non-financial reporting, provide an opportunity to meet the information needs of internal and external stakeholders.
Originality / scientific novelty. Failure to meet information needs of both internal and external stakeholders of agricultural enterprises has necessitated the improvement of organizational and methodological approaches to the formation of non-financial reporting of agricultural enterprises by identifying the main activities of the enterprise to be disclosed in non-financial reporting. The use of these areas creates an opportunity for stakeholders to obtain data that provide integrated information on the activities of agricultural enterprises.
Practical value / implications. Disclosure of information in accordance with certain main activities of the enterprise will reduce the cost of users to obtain, process and systematize data, which will reduce inefficient use of resources in the preparation, substantiation, implementation and evaluation of economic decisions, as well as increase analytical capabilities for its use in the interest of stakeholders. The identified main areas of activity can be used as a basis for developing a long-term strategy for the formation of non-financial reporting of the agricultural enterprise, which will simplify the preparation of information for its full disclosure. This will increase the level of transparency of enterprises and will serve as a tool for building their positive reputation.
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Gao, Xiaoshu, Hetao Hou, Liang Huang, Guangquan Yu, and Cheng Chen. "Evaluation of Kriging-NARX Modeling for Uncertainty Quantification of Nonlinear SDOF Systems with Degradation." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 21, no. 04 (February 20, 2021): 2150060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455421500607.
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Structural assessment for collapse is commonly approached by observing the failure or collapse of systems fully incorporating degradation. Challenges however exist in the performance indicator or damage measure due to compound impacts of uncertainties of external (seismic excitation) and internal (structural properties) characteristics with degradation behavior. To account for the impacts of uncertainties, the state-of-the-art kriging nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous (NARX) model is explored in this study to replicate the response of nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom systems. The generalized hysteretic Bouc-Wen model with internal uncertainties is selected to emulate the stiffness and strength degradation. A probabilistic stochastic ground motion model is introduced to represent the external uncertainties. The global terms of NARX model are selected by least-angle regression algorithm and the kriging model is utilized to surrogate uncertain parameters into corresponding NARX model coefficients. The predictions of kriging NARX models are further compared with that of the polynomial chaos nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input form model as well as Monte Carlo simulation. The comparisons show that kriging NARX model presents an effective and efficient meta-model technique for uncertainty quantification of systems with degradation.
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Silva, Eduardo Jorge Da, M. Blair Evans, Jordan S. Lefebvre, Veronica Allan, Jean Côté, and António Palmeira. "A systematic review of intrapersonal coach development programs: Examining the development and evaluation of programs to elicit coach reflection." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 15, no. 5-6 (July 17, 2020): 818–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954120943508.
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Background The current approaches used to develop coaches within many sport organisations extend beyond merely the professional knowledge related to sport-specific aspects. Effective coaching notably entails intrapersonal skills related to learning through experience and developing one’s own approach, and these skills are often targeted in coach development. Recognising that researchers have delivered Coach Development Programs (CDPs) that use strategies like reflective practice to foster coaches’ strategies and attitudes toward reflection, reviewing research in this domain could inform the development of our field. We conducted the current review to examine nonformal intrapersonal CDPs within the academic literature with goals of summarising existing CDPs, while also identifying factors related to their implementation. Method: The PRISMA guidelines informed our search strategy, including a database search along with supplemental strategies to identify studies. In addition to describing the CDPs generally, each study was also coded for: (a) potential to be implemented and maintained in sport contexts, (b) behaviour change techniques (BCTs), and (c) risk of bias. Results: After screening the full-texts of studies, we identified 10 unique intrapersonal CDPs. Most CDPs entailed pilot investigations of small samples, involving both qualitative and quantitative methods focused on coaches’ experiences when using reflective strategies. The majority of CDPs were conducted in-person and in one-on-one contexts. The most frequently used BCT was self-monitoring of behaviour, and low-to-moderate information was reported regarding internal and external validity. Conclusions: Whereas reflective practice may enable coach development, researchers must seek opportunities to design higher-quality intervention studies that are designed to enhance both internal and external validity.
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Arafah, Musa, Heri Suroto, and Erwin Ramawan. "Comparison of clinical evaluation of post-operation patients of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) plating proximal humerus using conventional methods and minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in Surabaya." Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya 4, no. 2 (July 29, 2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/jqm.v4i2.3119.
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ABSTRACT There are several kinds of approaches in the installation of implants for proximal humerus therapy. At present, minimally invasive surgery is gaining in popularity; this is supported by increasingly good technological developments to optimal the postoperative outcome is more optimal than conventional methods. This study used an analytic retrospective design with samples of post-ORIF Plating MIPO and posted ORIF due to proximal humeral fracture. Evaluation using the instrument of VAS Score, ASES Score, and measurement of range of motion. Statistical tests showed that there was a significant difference in the VAS score at the first evaluation (p = 0.002); the last review was not significant. In ASES Score, abduction, flexion, and external rotation, there were significant differences during the first and last evaluations. Adduction, extension, and internal rotation have no significance. The method of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) on proximal humeral operative fracture therapy had a better clinical outcome and operating time than post-ORIF plating with conventional methods. As well, the MIPO method on proximal humeral fracture operative therapy based on radiological features has the same union rates compared to post ORIF plating with conventional methods. The method of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in operative therapy of neer 2 and 3 proximal humeral fracture has a better clinical outcome than conventional methods.Keywords: proximal humeral fracture, Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO), Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF)Correspondence to: musa_shi911@yahoo.com
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Shahrokh, Shabnam, Zahra Razzaghi, Vahid Mansouri, and Nayebali Ahmadi. "The Impact of Proteomic Investigations on the Development and Improvement of Skin Laser Therapy: A Review Article." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 10, no. 5 (December 1, 2019): S90—S95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jlms.2019.s16.
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Introduction: Different molecular approaches have contributed to finding various responses of skin to external and internal tensions such as laser irradiation and many important mediators of skin disease have been identified through these approaches. However, different essential signals of skin biomarker pathways and proteins are partially detected or completely unknown. In the present study, the impact of proteomics on the evaluation of laser therapy for the treatment of skin diseases is investigated. Methods: The keywords of "Proteomics", "Laser therapy", "Skin", and "Skin disease" were searched in Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed search engines. After screening, 53 documents were included in the study. Results: The global assessments revealed that different proteins in different signaling pathways of skin metabolism in terms of health or illness after laser therapy are expressed differentially. The results indicated that the application of proteomics is a useful method for promoting the results of laser interventions. Conclusion: This kind of research dealt with the practical proteomics of skin diseases and skin laser therapy.
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Laufer, Andrea, Adrien Frommer, Georg Gosheger, Robert Roedl, Frank Schiedel, Jan Niklas Broeking, Gregor Toporowski, Anna Rachbauer, Carina Antfang, and Bjoern Vogt. "Reconstructive Approaches in Surgical Management of Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 12 (December 21, 2020): 4132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124132.
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Treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia remains a major challenge in pediatric orthopedics. Ideal timing and preference of surgical procedures are discussed controversially. A variety of reconstructive treatment strategies have been described in literature, but so far none has proven its superiority. The aim of treatment is to obtain long-term bone union, to prevent refracture, and to correct angular deformities and leg length discrepancies. This study retrospectively evaluates the outcome of different reconstructive strategies. Sixty-nine patients were identified who presented to our outpatient department between 1997 and 2019. Twenty-six of these patients underwent reconstructive surgical treatment and were included in this study. The study cohort was divided into three groups. Excision of the pseudarthrosis was performed in all patients in Group A and B, and in two patients of Group C. Group A (six/26 patients) received subsequent bone transport through external fixation maintaining original length. In Group B (15/26 patients), patients underwent either previous, simultaneous, or subsequent extrafocal lengthening through external fixation to reconstitute length. In Group C (five/26 patients), internal fixation with intramedullary nails was applied. Radiological and clinical evaluation was performed to assess bone union and complication rates. Results varied considerably between the study groups. Overall, the primary bone fusion rate was 69.2%. There were four refractures, all occurring in Group B. The long-term bone union rate without refracture was 53.8%. The overall complication rate was 53.8% and 23.1% showed persistent pseudarthrosis. Two secondary amputations were performed due to failed bone fusion. In conclusion, excision of the pseudarthrosis and extrafocal lengthening achieves a satisfying bone union rate and limb reconstruction, while bone transport does not offer significant advantages but shows higher complication rates. Intramedullary stabilization should be applied to maintain bone union, but shows lower bone union rates when used as a stand-alone treatment regimen. Regardless of the primary bone fusion rates, the probability of long-term bone union remains unpredictable.
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Ranta, Susanna, Mats Heyman, Kirsi Jahnukainen, Mervi Taskinen, Ulla M. Saarinen-Pihkala, Tony Frisk, Stefan Söderhäll, Pia Petrini, and Anne Mäkipernaa. "Risk of Thrombosis with Different Approaches to Central Venous Access During Acquired Asparaginase Related Antithrombin Deficiency in Children with Leukemia." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 2241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2241.2241.
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Abstract Abstract 2241 Background Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have several risk factors for thrombosis including asparaginase related acquired antithrombin (AT) deficiency and central venous catheters (CVCs). Both external tunneled and internal CVCs (tunneled, fully implantable devices known as ports) are used to provide reliable venous access. After introduction of a new ALL protocol with prolonged continuous asparaginase treatment aiming at approximately 30 weeks depletion of asparagine more symptomatic thromboses than expected were observed at the Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland. To ensure asparaginase treatment and prevent thromboses an on-demand AT substitution regimen was adopted. Previous studies have described AT substitution during ALL induction; this is the first description and evaluation of on-demand AT substitution over a longer period of time in children. Aim The aim of this study is to describe the prolonged on-demand AT substitution practice in Helsinki during depletion of asparagine from the blood with PEG-ASP and to compare experiences from two Nordic pediatric oncology centers (Children's Hospital in Helsinki and the Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital Karolinska University Hospital, in Stockholm, Sweden) with the same leukemia protocol but different approaches to central venous access. Procedure All Finnish children with ALL and external tunneled CVCs diagnosed at Children's Hospital in Helsinki between May 2008 and November 2011 (n=38) were compared with Swedish children with ALL and internal CVCs treated concurrently with the same ALL protocol (n=39). Children treated in Helsinki according to the standard or intermediate risk NOPHO-ALL 2008 protocol after initiation of the AT substitution regiment received AT concentrate when their AT level decreased below 55% (the intervention group, n=25). The thrombosis rate and laboratory parameters were compared with children treated earlier in the same unit (the control group, n=10). Results In Helsinki, 2/10 (20%) children in the control group had 3 symptomatic thromboses and 2/25 (8%) children in the intervention group with on-demand AT substitution had one symptomatic thrombotic event each. Both thromboses in the intervention group were associated with concomitant steroid treatment. In the intervention group 14/25 (56%) received AT concentrate (median number of infusions 3, range 1–17). Altogether, 4/38 Finnish patients with external CVCs and 0/39 Swedish patients with internal CVCs had thromboses (Mann Whitney U test, p=0.039) in spite of similar exposure to asparaginase and low antithrombin. A significant difference was also observed in the use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA): 28/38 Swedish patients had received tPA at least once to restore dysfunctional CVCs (usually loss of the ability to withdraw blood) compared to 2/38 Finnish patients (Mann Whitney U test, p≤0.001). Conclusions Most children are exposed to low AT levels during ASP treatment predisposing to thrombosis especially with concomitant steroids. Larger studies are needed to evaluate the benefit of prophylactic antithrombin treatment. Internal CVCs and tPA may be beneficial in preventing symptomatic thrombosis during leukemia treatment. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Dureja, Monika. "Performance Evaluation of COCOMO Vs UCP." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 4 (April 30, 2014): 4389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v13i4.2856.
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Effort estimation is a measure factor of estimation in today’s world. From a long time being, a no. of techniques is employed for the estimation of efforts. Very popular and widely used techniques are COCOMO1 and COCOMOII that estimates the cost in terms of efforts. But effort is linearly or non-linearly dependent upon the size of the developing software. For size estimation, Lines of Code (LOC) counts technique showed its comforts as developer do not have to solve any mathematical equations, just count the no. of lines of the developed software. But uncertainties in its results and other limitations led us to use different approaches. Then came Functions Point (FP) technique, this technique proved its goodness in almost every aspect where LOC lacks. Developers estimate Lines of code early before the software is finally built. Several factors have to be considered before estimation as how many no. of input screens, output screens, external inquiries, and database related internal logical files, external interface files and many other technical factors that affect accuracy of estimation. FP had been used for a long time being for estimation of size, which is the main input for COCOMO1 and COCOMOII.But as the time changes, needs and their solutions also changes. Today, software are based on object oriented paradigm and OOP languages. Developers use Unified Modeling Language (UML) notations and diagrams for estimation of each aspect of software development. So the main factor is to use such a technique that supports the OOPs for estimation purposes. Main approach of this thesis is to implement Use Case Point estimation (UCP) Technique to overcome the drawbacks of FP which was considered as a procedural oriented (POP).Further evaluation of the performance of UCP in comparative to COCOMO 1 and COCOMOII is taken. This all will be performed with the help of a self implemented tool having all the functionalities at one location.
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Hoang, Huong T. T., Quang Hai Truong, An Thinh Nguyen, and Luc Hens. "Multicriteria Evaluation of Tourism Potential in the Central Highlands of Vietnam: Combining Geographic Information System (GIS), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA)." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (August 30, 2018): 3097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093097.
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Tourism potential provides an indication for the tourism development opportunities of regions and sites. This paper deals with a multicriteria evaluation of the tourism potential in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The study area is located in the Southeast Asian monsoon tropical climatic zone, and offers both natural and cultural tourism resources. GIS-based cost distance analysis was used to calculate the travel time along the road and using other transportation networks. Then an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to determine a weighting coefficient for each criterion in multicriteria evaluation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was processed next to AHP, allowing combination of the internal and external tourism potentials of the considered sites. Both AHP and PCA approaches were based on a certain number of alternatives, and take multiple criteria and conflicting objectives into consideration. The results show that the Central Highlands have considerable potential for tourism development at 99 potential eco-tourism sites and 45 potential cultural tourism sites. However, the region is now faced with poor tourism infrastructure with low external potential. An improvement of tourism infrastructure, service quality, and strengthened linkages with other tourist sites is indicated to diversify the tourism products and increase the attractiveness of regional destinations.
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Mashyanova, Elena Evgenevna, and Elena Aleksandrovna Smirnova. "EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA." Scientific Bulletin: finance, banking, investment., no. 2 (51) (2020): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2312-5330-2020-2-56-67.
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In modern conditions of development, financial security is an integral part of the overall security of the region and is formed on the basis of the functioning of the financial system. The complication of relationships between key segments of international financial markets, as well as the limited ability to accurately predict future trends in the development of the global financial system, lead to a gradual increase in the risks that accompany the activities of economic entities, and an increase in the number and scale of internal and external threats that have a negative impact on the financial security of the state. This formulation of the issue requires generalization of approaches to determining the financial security of the region in order to further formalize this issue and determine the key factors affecting it. The article considers the types of financial security, as well as certain areas of ensuring the financial security of the region and their priority. In work the assessment of the level of socio-economic development of the region with a view to ensuring financial security on the basis of which offers the main activities and priority areas of implementation of the investment policy that will ensure financial security of the Republic of Crimea.
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Lashgari, Shima, and Jurgita Antuchevičienė. "USING QSPM AND WASPAS METHODS FOR DETERMINING OUTSOURCING STRATEGIES." Journal of Business Economics and Management 15, no. 4 (April 29, 2014): 729–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2014.908789.
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The aim of the current study is to select the best strategies for outsourcing development, applying decision-making tools that enable to make reasoned decision. To evaluate outsourcing strategies, a new model of Comprehensive Framework for Strategy Formulation and Selection is presented. Development of outsourcing of healthcare services in Tehran is analysed in the paper. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis is used to evaluate the internal and external factors affecting the outsourcing of healthcare services in health deputy of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in different aspects and to develop several possible outsourcing strategies. Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix is applied for quantitative evaluation of strategies. It is proposed to validate the approach by applying Multiple Criteria Decision Making methods. Robust and accurate Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment method is selected and applied for quantitative evaluation of strategies. Based on the consistency of the results of the both approaches, the five best strategies to develop healthcare services outsourcing are offered.
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Zhitlukhina, O. G., and O. L. Mikhalyova. "Оn Methodological Approaches to the Formation of Indicators of Trade Organizations Effectiveness." Accounting. Analysis. Auditing 6, no. 2 (April 11, 2019): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2019-6-2-11-25.
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The article focuses on the importance of methodological approaches to determining the effectiveness of organizations; considers such approaches to the calculation of performance indicators as the “costly” approach, the “net return” approach and the approach “characterizing the effectiveness of capital allocation”. It identifies the factors which influence the availability of reliable information for assessing the organization effectiveness by external users of accounting (financial) statements and complicate this assessment for internal users. The authors carry out a comparative analysis of the calculation of performance indicators dynamics, made by the traditional method and the refined method, in terms of adjusting the differentiation of complex articles of accounting (financial) reporting and excluding tax accounting items. It is concluded that to increase the reliability of the information base for evaluating the effectiveness of organizations, it is important to take into account the estimated characteristics of the reported indicators at fair value or amortized cost. The article substantiates the expediency of making adjustments to accounting (financial) items not related to cash flows.
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Sadrawi, Muammar, Wei-Zen Sun, Matthew Huei-Ming Ma, Chun-Yi Dai, Maysam F. Abbod, and Jiann-Shing Shieh. "Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Pattern Evaluation Based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition Filter via Nonlinear Approaches." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4750643.
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Good quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the mainstay of treatment for managing patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Assessment of the quality of the CPR delivered is now possible through the electrocardiography (ECG) signal that can be collected by an automated external defibrillator (AED). This study evaluates a nonlinear approximation of the CPR given to the asystole patients. The raw ECG signal is filtered using ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), and the CPR-related intrinsic mode functions (IMF) are chosen to be evaluated. In addition, sample entropy (SE), complexity index (CI), and detrended fluctuation algorithm (DFA) are collated and statistical analysis is performed using ANOVA. The primary outcome measure assessed is the patient survival rate after two hours. CPR pattern of 951 asystole patients was analyzed for quality of CPR delivered. There was no significant difference observed in the CPR-related IMFs peak-to-peak interval analysis for patients who are younger or older than 60 years of age, similarly to the amplitude difference evaluation for SE and DFA. However, there is a difference noted for the CI (p<0.05). The results show that patients group younger than 60 years have higher survival rate with high complexity of the CPR-IMFs amplitude differences.
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Lukman, Rebeka Kovačič, Vasja Omahne, Lobna Tag el Sheikh, and Peter Glavič. "Integrating Sustainability into Logistics Oriented Education in Europe." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 4, 2021): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041667.
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In the last decades, logistics has become an important industry sector, with significant impacts on the environment generated through several internal and external logistic processes. We analysed and elaborated on integrating sustainability topics within logistics-oriented programmes at universities across Europe, based on a framework of systemising and classifying sustainability terms. We also analysed pedagogical approaches within the identified courses. In our study, we perceived a moderate diversity of courses from the system and horizontal sustainability perspectives. Courses mostly focus on “principle” and “approach” levels, denoting specialised courses, with less environmental and social topics. Such coverage and distribution might imply a limitation to develop complex, multi-dimensional, and inter-disciplinary understanding, thinking, and problem-solving required for real-world challenges, comprehending all the dimensions. We also perceived a scarcity by using pedagogical approaches, where the majority of the courses emphasise traditional ones. This paper’s novelty lies in providing the first empirical evaluation and elaboration of logistics-oriented programmes at European universities from a sustainability perspective. Thus, our study enriches current knowledge and research on sustainability integration into curricula at the university level, enabling new insights and better correlations between various study fields and pedagogical approaches used.
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Lyu, Tao, Lirong Song, Qiuwen Chen, and Gang Pan. "Lake and River Restoration: Method, Evaluation and Management." Water 12, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12040977.
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Eutrophication has become one of the major environmental issues of global concern due to the adverse effects on water quality, public health and ecosystem sustainability. Fundamental research on the restoration of eutrophic freshwaters, i.e., lakes and rivers, is crucial to support further evidence-based practical implementations. This Special Issue successfully brings together recent research findings from scientists in this field and assembles contributions on lake and river restoration. The 12 published papers can be classified into, and contribute to, three major aspects of this topic. Firstly, a background investigation into the migration of nutrients, and the characteristics of submerged biota, will guide and assist the understanding of the mechanisms of future restoration. Secondly, various restoration strategies, including control of both external and internal nutrients loading, are studied and evaluated. Thirdly, an evaluation of the field sites after restoration treatment is reported in order to support the selection of appropriate restoration approaches. This paper focuses on the current environmental issues related to lake and river restoration and has conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in order to emphasise the fast-growing attention being paid to the research topic. The research questions and main conclusions from all papers are summarised to focus the attention toward how the presented studies aid gains in scientific knowledge, engineering experience and support for policymakers.
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Brown, Martin, Gerry McNamara, Shivaun O’Brien, Craig Skerritt, Joe O’Hara, Jerich Faddar, Sakir Cinqir, Jan Vanhoof, Maria Figueiredo, and Gül Kurum. "Parent and student voice in evaluation and planning in schools." Improving Schools 23, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1365480219895167.
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Current approaches to the regulation of schools in most jurisdictions tend to combine elements of external inspection with systems of internal self-evaluation. An increasingly important aspect of the theory and practice of both, but particularly the latter, revolves around the role of other actors, primarily parents and students, in the process. Using literature review and documentary analysis as the research method, this article explores the research literature from many countries around the concerns of schools and teachers about giving a more powerful voice to parents and pupils. Then, focusing on Ireland, this article tries to clarify three things, official policy concerning stakeholder voice in school self-evaluation and decision making, the efforts by schools to implement this policy and the response to date of school leaders and teachers to this rather changed environment. Using Hart’s ladder of genuine, as opposed to token, participation, it is argued that policy mandating parental and student involvement has evolved significantly, that schools have responded positively and that there is little evidence, as yet, of teacher concern or resistance. This response is explained by the low stakes and improvement-focused education environment; the controlled, structured and simplified nature of the self-evaluation process; and the limited extent of parental and student participation in decision making.
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Dumitrascu, Gheorghe, Michel Feidt, and Stefan Grigorean. "Closed Irreversible Cycles Analysis Based on Finite Physical Dimensions Thermodynamics." Proceedings 58, no. 1 (September 11, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wef-06905.
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The paper develops generalizing entropic approaches of irreversible closed cycles. The mathematical models of the irreversible engines (basic, with internal regeneration of the heat, cogeneration units) and of the refrigeration cycles were applied to four possible operating irreversible trigeneration cycles. The models involve the reference entropy, the number of internal irreversibility, the thermal conductance inventory, the proper temperatures of external heat reservoirs unifying the first law of thermodynamics and the linear heat transfer law, the mean log temperature differences, and four possible operational constraints, i.e., constant heat input, constant power, constant energy efficiency and constant reference entropy. The reference entropy is always the entropy variation rate of the working fluid during the reversible heat input process. The amount of internal irreversibility allows the evaluation of the heat output via the ratio of overall internal irreversible entropy generation and the reference entropy. The operational constraints allow the replacement of the reference entropy function of the finite physical dimension parameters, i.e., mean log temperature differences, thermal conductance inventory, and the proper external heat reservoir temperatures. The paper presents initially the number of internal irreversibility and the energy efficiency equations for engine and refrigeration cycles. At the limit, i.e., endoreversibility, we can re-obtain the endoreversible energy efficiency equation. The second part develops the influences between the imposed operational constraint and the finite physical dimensions parameters for the basic irreversible cycle. The third part is applying the mathematical models to four possible standalone trigeneration cycles. It was assumed that there are the required consumers of the all useful heat delivered by the trigeneration system. The design of trigeneration system must know the ratio of refrigeration rate to power, e.g., engine shaft power or useful power delivered directly to power consumers. The final discussions and conclusions emphasize the novelties and the complexity of interconnected irreversible trigeneration systems design/optimization.
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Bertho, J. M., M. Maître, P. Croüail, W. Naito, N. Shkliarava, A. Mostovenko, K. Jones, and M. Simon-Cornu. "Assessment of population radiation exposure at the edge of the exclusion zone 32 years after the Chernobyl accident: methods and preliminary results." Radioprotection 54, no. 4 (October 2019): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2019041.
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A case study was conducted in the village of Komarin in Belarus at the edge of the Chernobyl exclusion zone, with the aim of evaluating the spatial and temporal variability in external and internal post-accidental radiation exposure. A database containing the radioactive measurements of foodstuffs made in Komarin over a 1990–2016 period makes it possible to estimate retrospectively the internal exposure. External exposure was prospectively studied through a citizen science approach involving a group of high school students and used two radioactive monitoring approaches, the D-shuttle© dosimeter and the OpenRadiation® system. Results showed that contamination level in food products varied over 2 to 4 orders of magnitude, underlining the usefulness of continuous monitoring of locally produced foodstuffs even more than 30 years after the Chernobyl accident. The study of external exposures showed that the current dose rates were similar to those usually observed elsewhere in the world, without any notable variations. More detailed analysis of these results will be conducted in future studies. This paper focuses on the methods used for the acquisition of data about both external exposure and foodstuff contamination and how it resulted in the strong involvement of high school students which in turn triggered a renewed interest in the practical radiological protection culture within the population of the village.
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Trukhanov, Dmitry, and Gennadiy Pryakhin. "Business success of an environmental organization." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 06015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125806015.
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The article explores new approaches to assessing and determining the business success of the subject of economic activity. time factor. It should be noted that Russian and foreign authors characterize the concept of business success and methods of its evaluation in different ways, on the basis of which we have adopted an attempt to consciousness of a completely new approach to this issue. The paper provides examples based on the financial statements of the two major organizations in Chelyabinsk, showing the parallel between our theoretical assumptions based on economic and mathematical methods and existing factors of the internal and external environment. The authors note that this article was prepared in connection with the weak development of researchers earlier on this issue from the position of economic and mathematical methods and existing theories of other exact sciences. For example, the study of organizations using bifurcation theory is almost entirely absent in modern literature and scientific publications. This work will clarify the definition of business success and explore new approaches to its assessment
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Svynous, Ivan, and Nadia Svynous. "METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN THE PROCESSES OF REPRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES." Economic discourse, no. 2 (June 2020): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36742/2410-0919-2020-2-17.
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Introduction. One of the main tasks to ensure food security of the country, regardless of changes in external and internal conditions, is the stable development of domestic production of agricultural products and food in sufficient quantities to achieve independence. In this regard, an important task for the long-term development of agriculture is the production of high quality agricultural products by mobilizing production capacity through the provision of expanded production at agricultural enterprises. Methods. A set of special methods of economic research is used in the research process. Using the abstract and logical method, in particular the methods of analogy and comparison, induction and deduction conclusions. The method of theoretical generalization is used in the critical analysis of research results of domestic and foreign scientists on the substantiation of investment factors and methods of assessing the effectiveness of investment. Results. Summarizing the results of the study of methodological approaches to the analysis of investment support of reproduction processes of production resources, it should be noted that most of them are part of the methods of financial and investment analysis. However, the current need of agricultural enterprises in the timely and effective renewal of fixed assets requires the allocation of investment assessment of the processes of reproduction of production resources in a separate method, which involves determining the technical condition of fixed assets and trends; identifying the needs of the enterprise in the renewal of fixed assets, taking into account the assessment of their wear. Discussion. The proposed methodological approaches to the analysis of investment support of reproduction processes of production resources will become important in the context of the introduction of the market of agricultural land, which will lead to the recognition of agricultural land as an object of investment. Keywords: efficiency, investment activity, agricultural enterprise, reproduction, indicator.