Relevant bibliographies by topics / Internal languages

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Internal languages'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Internal languages"

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Mateescu, A., GH P[acaron]un, G. Rozenberg, and A. Salomaa. "Characterizations of re languages starting from internal contextual languages∗." International Journal of Computer Mathematics 66, no. 3-4 (1998): 179–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207169808804634.

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Ehrenfeucht, Andrzej, Gheorghe P↑n, and Grzegorz Rozenberg. "On representing recursively enumerable languages by internal contextual languages." Theoretical Computer Science 205, no. 1-2 (1998): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3975(97)00035-2.

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Upananda, Ven Theripaha. "Overview of Internal Linguistic Features of the Chinese Language in Sri Lanka." Journal of Language Studies 7, no. 1 (2023): 130–62. https://doi.org/10.4038/jls.v7i1.18.

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In focusing on language and society, various peculiarities of social language problems are encountered. Bilingualism, multilingualism, and monolingualism are among them. Even within the same language, many language forms are found. These include parimitha Languages, regional languages, verbal languages, propositional languages, etc. Among these, register languages show the nature of the language which is tied to the occasion of its use. There are many such registers and among them, the subject registers take prominence. The purpose of this study is to conduct a sociolinguistic analysis of regi
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Holm, Sophie, and Vladislav Rjéoutski. "“I ask Your Excellency most humbly to pardon me for writing in a foreign language”: French in Russian and Swedish internal diplomatic correspondence, c. 1720s-1740s." Langues et professions en Russie au XVIIIe siècle 2, no. 65 (2024): 327–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/123lc.

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To fully comprehend the rise of French as a “professional” language within European diplomacy in the century following the Peace of Westphalia, a comprehensive examination of diplomatic communications, both external and internal, is necessary. The essay explores the role of French in internal diplomatic correspondence, a topic far less studied than the language’s role in external exchanges. By comparing sources from Russian and Swedish archives, dating roughly from the time frame between the 1720s and the 1740s, we highlight the various reasons why French was used alongside the domestic langua
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Chistanov, Marat N. "Networked Language Communities: From Constructed Languages to Natural Languages." Humanitarian Vector 17, no. 4 (2022): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2022-17-4-176-183.

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Activities for the preservation and development of ethnic minority languages are considered as the most important part of the actions to preserve the cultural heritage of the peoples inhabiting the Russian Federation. The obligatory nature of such activities is enshrined in our country constitutionally. For the ethnic intelligentsia, any attempts to infringe on the linguistic rights of their peoples turn out to be very painful. This problem in domestic science is most often considered in the tradition of linguistic relativism. This approach comes from the Humboldtian tradition in linguistics a
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Rifki, Ahmad, Ali Mudlofir, and Muflihah Muflihah. "ANALISA REDUPLIKASI & MODIFIKASI INTERNAL DALAM BAHASA ARAB DAN BAHASA INDONESIA." Al Mi'yar: Jurnal Ilmiah Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban 6, no. 2 (2023): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.35931/am.v6i2.2574.

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<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>No in-depth analysis comprehensively compares Arabic and Indonesian reduplication and internal modification phenomena. Therefore, this study aims to fill this knowledge gap and present a deeper understanding of how these two languages use reduplication and internal modification in word formation and their morphological consequences. The main problem to be solved is how this phenomenon operates in both languages, what the differences and similarities are, and how its use affects the structure and meaning of words in the linguistic context of each
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Dienst, Stefan. "The internal classification of the Arawan languages." LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas, no. 8 (April 29, 2010): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/liames.v0i8.1471.

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ABSTRACT The Arawan language family of south-western Amazonia was named after the extinct Arawá language, which is only known from a short wordlist collected by William Chandless in 1867. This paper investigates what Chandless’s list tells us about the position of Arawá within the family and what can currently be said about the relationship between the living Arawan languages.KEYWORDS: Arawan, historical linguistics, linguistic classification. RESUMO A família lingüística Arawá do sudoeste da Amazônia recebeu o nome de uma língua extinta que é conhecida somente a partir de uma curta lista de p
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Dienst, Stefan. "The internal classification of the Arawan languages." LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas 8, no. 1 (2010): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/liames.v8i1.1471.

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The Arawan language family of south-western Amazonia was named after the extinct Arawá language, which is only known from a short wordlist collected by William Chandless in 1867. This paper investigates what Chandless’s list tells us about the position of Arawá within the family and what can currently be said about the relationship between the living Arawan languages.
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Koh, Thong-Wei, and C.-H. Luke Ong. "Internal Languages for Autonomous and ∗-Autonomous Categories." Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 29 (1999): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80313-5.

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Piper, Predrag. "On internal definite reference in Slavic languages." Juznoslovenski filolog, no. 70 (2014): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi1470035p.

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The considered examples of use of the ?such and such? type of expression in Serbian and other Slavic languages and their analysis show that they represent a special type of reference and hold a special place in the system of pronominal words and expressions. Regardless of the fact that they can take a variety of functions, which are discussed in the article, their main function is to refer to what is determined for participants in a primary communicative situation, denoted by an utterance within an utterance, but which is undetermined for participants in a secondary communicative situation (wi
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Internal languages"

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Johnson, Brianne J. McManness Linda M. "Foreign language learning : an exploratory study on the external and internal influences affecting success /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/3959.

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Ericson, Jennifer. "Créolization in a Caribbean Landscape: : Representations of Deteriorating Landscapes and Internal Exile in Edwidge Danticat's Claire of the Sea Light." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-22525.

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Larsson, Kalle. "Punning Exploiting External and Internal Metaphors : A Study of Groucho Marx's Use of Metaphor Reversal." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of English, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6664.

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<p>The aim of this study has been to analyse metaphorical strings which have been interpreted literally, a process referred to as metaphor reversal. This was first described by Löflund (1999:18) and the specific term was later coined by Alm-Arvius (2006:6). Metaphor reversal is basically a subcategory of the broader term polysemy punning.</p><p>When a metaphor unexpectedly is interpreted literally, a humorous effect takes place and a pun is created. Especially if the metaphorisation in question has an entrenched figurative meaning, the unexpectedness of the literal interpretation is greater an
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Ciofu, Natalia. "Internal punishment : a psychoanalytical reading of F.M. Dostoevsky's 'Crime and Punishment' (1866), L. Rebreanu's 'Ciuleandra' (1927) and P. Ackroyd's 'Hawksmoor' (1985)." Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/22365/.

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This doctoral thesis examines the representations and dynamics of crime and inner punishment in a range of European literary works of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: F.M. Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment (Преступлeние и наказaние, 1866), L. Rebreanu’s Ciuleandra (1927) and P. Ackroyd’s Hawksmoor (1985), while tracing the developments of crime fiction and the changes in criminal legal system over the span of one hundred and nineteen years. Utilising the methodology of comparative literature, I argue that the interiorized punishment - which I identify, after Foucault, as a new episteme
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Agnevall, Paula. "Berättarteknik i J.M. Coetzees Disgrace." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för teknokultur, humaniora och samhällsbyggnad, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1397.

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While Disgrace seems to be written from a single perspective, it is in fact multi-layered. In order to support this claim, this essay investigates what the novel&apos;s protagonist sees, how he sees it and who is narrating the story, using respectively the narratological key concepts of internal focalization, fallible filter and covert narration. The essay thereafter studies how the novel has affected readers in South Africa and how it is neccessary to challenge the perspective presented in the novel in order to fully understand the text.
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Larsen, Kalle. "Do You Really Want to Set Me on Fire, My Love? : The Use of Internal and External “Fire and Heat Metaphors” in some Rock Lyrics." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of English, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1360.

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<p>The aim of this study has been to investigate whether metaphors in terms of fire and heat in rock lyrics can be interpreted figuratively as well as literally. The terms for these latter two categories are internal and external metaphors.</p><p>Many rock lyrics are about love, a theme often described with the use of metaphors. One common type of metaphorisation for describing love is to use what in this study has been called “fire and heat metaphors”. These are metaphors that as their source use FIRE and HEAT/WARMTH and map some of these qualities on to the metaphorical target LOVE, which re
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Frazee, Amy E. "Military Civilian Relations in Post-Revolutionary Transition: The Transformation of East Asian States and the Future of Egypt." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/409.

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There are several theories involving civil-military relations that have been established since the Cold War. Shaped by the political transitions of Europe and Latin America, how do these theories apply to the Third Wave of democratizations? How does a more contemporary analysis of theory help understand more contemporary insurgencies such as the Arab Spring?
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La, Charité Darlene. "The internal structure of Affricates." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10920.

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The conclusion of this thesis is that affricates are represented phonologically as stops. There is no phonological notion of affricatehood, nor is there any way of phonologically defining an obstruent class containing all possible affricates and fricatives, to the exclusion of stops. Three types of evidence support this hypothesis. The first consists of the patterns of distribution of affricates in the segment inventories of over two hundred languages. In almost half the inventories considered, affricates and stops are in complementary distribution with respect to place of articulation. This i
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Subramanian, Uma Maheswari. "On internal and external syntax mismatches /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487760357821743.

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Ungureanu, Mona-Luiza. "DP-internal structure and movement in Romanian." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102223.

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This study explores three syntactic issues in the Romanian DP: the cliticization of the definite article, the syntactic position of postnominal APs, and the syntactic properties and position of cel.<br>First, I show that the affixation of the definite article can be derived by syntactic head movement of the host element to D0. The distributional asymmetries among adjectives with respect to the definite article are accounted for by hypothesizing that they occur in two structurally distinct positions. Adjectives that surface prenominally are heads in the extended nominal projection; while adject
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Books on the topic "Internal languages"

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Farzad, Sharifian, ed. Culture, body, and language: Conceptualizations of internal body organs across cultures and languages. Mouton de Gruyter, 2008.

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Gallman, Andrew Franklin. Proto East Mindanao and its internal relationships. Linguistic Society of the Philippines, 1997.

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Dietrich, Wolf. More evidence for an internal classificaiton of Tupi-Guarani Languages. Gebr. Mann Verlag, 1990.

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Broekhoven, Laura N. K. van, 1972-, ed. The Maya and their neighbours: Internal and external contacts through time : proceedings of the 10th European Maya Conference, Leiden, December 9-10, 2005. Saurwein, 2010.

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International Conference on Historical Linguistics (16th 2003 University of Copenhagen). Internal reconstruction in Indo-European: Methods, results, and problems : section papers from the XVI International Conference on Historical Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, 11th-15th August, 2003. Museum Tusculanum Press, 2009.

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Reh, Mechthild. Anywa language: Description and internal reconstructions. R. Köppe, 1996.

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Lavidas, Nikolaos, Alexander Bergs, Elly van Gelderen, and Ioanna Sitaridou, eds. Internal and External Causes of Language Change. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30976-2.

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I), International Conference on Internet and Language (1st 2003 Universitat Jaume. Internet in languages for specific purposes and foreign language teaching. Universitat Jaume I, 2003.

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Cerezo, María. The Possibility of language: Internal tensions in Wittgenstein's tractatus. CSLI Publications, 2005.

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Pachev, Alexander. Understanding MySQL internals. O'Reilly, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Internal languages"

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Wąsowski, Andrzej, and Thorsten Berger. "Internal Domain-Specific Languages." In Domain-Specific Languages. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23669-3_10.

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Sangiorgi, Davide. "Internal mobility and agent-passing calculi." In Automata, Languages and Programming. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60084-1_114.

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Ilie, Lucian. "On Ambiguity in Internal Contextual Languages." In Studies in Functional and Structural Linguistics. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sfsl.45.07ili.

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Hornkohl, Aaron D. "5. Qal Internal Passive versus nifʿal Morphology." In Semitic Languages and Cultures. Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0433.05.

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The broad move away from qal morphology to other stems included a shift away from qal internal passive morphology in favour of nifʿal morphology. This is clear in late forms of ancient Hebrew, biblical and extrabiblical, where qal internal passive forms are rare to non-existent. The process seems secondarily to have affected even early biblical texts, but only where the consonantal spelling was amenable to reinterpretation by means of the imposition of nifʿal pronunciation, which created many cases of artificial suppletion. While the nifʿal was by no means an innovation in Classical Biblical H
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Bringmann, Karl, Fabian Kuhn, Konstantinos Panagiotou, Ueli Peter, and Henning Thomas. "Internal DLA: Efficient Simulation of a Physical Growth Model." In Automata, Languages, and Programming. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43948-7_21.

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Rose, Sharon. "4. The formation of Ethiopian Semitic internal reduplication." In Language Processing and Acquisition in Languages of Semitic, Root-Based, Morphology. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lald.28.04ros.

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Cifuentes, Cristina, and Nathan Keynes. "Internal Deployment of the Parfait Static Code Analysis Tool at Oracle." In Programming Languages and Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03542-0_12.

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Manea, Florin, and Bianca Truthe. "On Internal Contextual Grammars with Subregular Selection Languages." In Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31623-4_17.

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Tellier, C. "17. Head-internal Relatives and Parasitic Baps in Moor£." In Publications in African Languages and Linguistics, edited by Isabelle Haik and Laurice Tuller. De Gruyter, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110884890-018.

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Charnavel, Isabelle. "On sentence-internal le même (‘the same’) in French and pluractionality." In Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rllt.3.04cha.

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Conference papers on the topic "Internal languages"

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Lukashov, Ivan, and Alexander Antonov. "TRANSACTION-LEVEL DESIGNING OF NEUROMORPHIC PROCESSORS MICROARCHITECTURE." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/2.1/s07.11.

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Spiking neural networks (SNNs) is a promising research direction to their ability to imitate certain functions of brain. Hardware acceleration of SNN can offer orders of magnitude increase in performance and power efficiency. However, traditional hardware description languages have a barrier for rapid development and prototyping of custom internal hardware mechanisms that affect hardware construction throughout the entire processor structure. Mainstream high-level design methods also have disadvantages, e.g. poor focus on transaction streams management description in dynamically scheduled pipe
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Marjanovic, Sara Vera, Haeun Yu, Pepa Atanasova, Maria Maistro, Christina Lioma, and Isabelle Augenstein. "DYNAMICQA: Tracing Internal Knowledge Conflicts in Language Models." In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-emnlp.838.

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Kissane, Hassane, Achim Schilling, and Patrick Krauss. "Probing Internal Representations of Multi-Word Verbs in Large Language Models." In Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Multiword Expressions (MWE 2025). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.mwe-1.2.

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Krejčová, Elena. "Bălgarski ezik kato čužd za naprednali – novi pomagala za čuždestranni studenti." In Současná česká a srbská slavistická bádání. Masaryk University Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0684-2024-9.

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The aim of the article is to present up-to-date resources for teaching Bulgarian as a foreign language for advanced students – for students with a knowledge of Bulgarian at the C1-C2 level of the European Framework of Reference for Languages. Attention is paid to the modern requirements for accessibility, availability on Internet platforms, the possibility of remote access and use. The text describes the variety of teaching aids published in recent years, addressing their structure, thematic scope and concept. It is illustrated with types of exercises, touching upon their focus and the possibi
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Günther, Sebastian. "Development of internal domain-specific languages." In the 18th Conference. ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2578903.2579139.

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Gunther, Sebastian, Maximilian Haupt, and Matthias Splieth. "Agile Engineering of Internal Domain-Specific Languages with Dynamic Programming Languages." In 2010 Fifth International Conference on Software Engineering Advances (ICSEA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsea.2010.32.

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Křikava, Filip, Philippe Collet, and Robert B. France. "Manipulating models using internal domain-specific languages." In SAC 2014: Symposium on Applied Computing. ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2554850.2555127.

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Günther, Sebastian, and Thomas Cleenewerck. "Design principles for internal domain-specific languages." In the 17th Conference. ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2493288.2493291.

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Leppänen, Marko, and Laura Hokkanen. "Four patterns for internal startups." In EuroPLoP 2015: 20th European Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs. ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2855321.2855327.

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Butting, Arvid, Manuela Dalibor, Gerrit Leonhardt, Bernhard Rumpe, and Andreas Wortmann. "Deriving fluent internal domain-specific languages from grammars." In SLE '18: 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering. ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276621.

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Reports on the topic "Internal languages"

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Symonenko, Svitlana V., Nataliia V. Zaitseva, Viacheslav V. Osadchyi, Kateryna P. Osadcha, and Ekaterina O. Shmeltser. Virtual reality in foreign language training at higher educational institutions. [б. в.], 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3759.

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The paper deals with the urgent problem of application of virtual reality in foreign language training. Statistical data confirms that the number of smartphone users, Internet users, including wireless Internet users, has been increasing for recent years in Ukraine and tends to grow. The coherence of quick mobile Internet access and presence of supplementary equipment enables to get trained or to self-dependently advance due to usage of virtual reality possibilities for education in the stationary classrooms, at home and in motion. Several important features of virtual reality, its advantages
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Lennox, J., X. Wu, and H. Schulzrinne. Call Processing Language (CPL): A Language for User Control of Internet Telephony Services. RFC Editor, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3880.

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Cucerzan, Silviu, and David Yarowsky. Language Independent NER using a Unified Model of Internal and Contextual Evidence. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada460570.

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Pikilnyak, Andrey V., Nadia M. Stetsenko, Volodymyr P. Stetsenko, Tetiana V. Bondarenko, and Halyna V. Tkachuk. Comparative analysis of online dictionaries in the context of the digital transformation of education. [б. в.], 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4431.

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The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of popular online dictionaries and an overview of the main tools of these resources to study a language. The use of dictionaries in learning a foreign language is an important step to understanding the language. The effectiveness of this process increases with the use of online dictionaries, which have a lot of tools for improving the educational process. Based on the Alexa Internet resource it was found the most popular online dictionaries: Cambridge Dictionary, Wordreference, Merriam–Webster, Wiktionary, TheFreeDictionary, Dictionary.com, Glos
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El-Sherbiny, A., M. Farah, I. Oueichek, and A. Al-Zoman. Linguistic Guidelines for the Use of the Arabic Language in Internet Domains. RFC Editor, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc5564.

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Білоконенко, Л. А. Semantic integrity of overtext of conflict. Vědecko vydavatelské centrum «Sociosféra-CZ», 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1811.

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The article describes the problem of internal area of overtext of conflict. The author analyzes one of the most important qualities of overtext –semantic integrity, that exists because of its ability to coordinate with the extra- textual world, situations and events; transmission of speech actions of people at different stages of the conflict using confrontational tactics and activating in the language semantics specific fragment culture – conflict.
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Tarasenko, Rostyslav O., Svitlana M. Amelina, Yuliya M. Kazhan, and Olga V. Bondarenko. The use of AR elements in the study of foreign languages at the university. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4421.

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The article deals with the analysis of the impact of the using AR technology in the study of a foreign language by university students. It is stated out that AR technology can be a good tool for learning a foreign language. The use of elements of AR in the course of studying a foreign language, in particular in the form of virtual excursions, is proposed. Advantages of using AR technology in the study of the German language are identified, namely: the possibility of involvement of different channels of information perception, the integrity of the representation of the studied object, the faste
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Tarasenko, Rostyslav O., Svitlana M. Amelina, Yuliya M. Kazhan, and Olga V. Bondarenko. The use of AR elements in the study of foreign languages at the university. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4421.

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The article deals with the analysis of the impact of the using AR technology in the study of a foreign language by university students. It is stated out that AR technology can be a good tool for learning a foreign language. The use of elements of AR in the course of studying a foreign language, in particular in the form of virtual excursions, is proposed. Advantages of using AR technology in the study of the German language are identified, namely: the possibility of involvement of different channels of information perception, the integrity of the representation of the studied object, the faste
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9

Kapelyushnyi, Anatolyi. TRANSFORMATION OF WORD-FORMS DURING THEIR SPONTANEOUS CREATION IN LIVE TELEVISION BROADCASTIN: ADJECTIVES ADVERBS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11409.

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The article analyzes transformation of word-forms during spontaneous creation in live television broadcasting. Particular attention is paid to adjectives adverbs. The specific properties of adverbs makes it easier to trace general trends in their transformations, because adverbs are not burdened with many different forms and their variations, that occur in the process of word change of some other class of words at the same time adverbiatives allow to analyze in more detail the semantical and grammatical structure of speech. The main method we use is to observe the speech of live TV journalist,
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Harrison, Stephen. Wikipedia’s Governance Challenge: Policies and Guardrails for New Generative AI Technologies. Balsillie School of International Affairs, 2024. https://doi.org/10.51644/bcs002.

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The Wikipedia editing community is struggling with the emergence of new generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs). Should the volunteer editors who create and maintain Wikipedia’s articles be permitted to use new generative AI tools, or should they be prohibited because of the high risk of introducing misinformation into the popular internet encyclopedia?
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