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Journal articles on the topic 'Internally displaced person(IDP)'
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Fedorenko, O. "THE THEORETICAL MODEL OF SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN THE COMMUNITY." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Social work, no. 3 (2018): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2616-7786.2018/3-1/4.
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The article is devoted to the problem of social integration of internally displaced persons into the host community. Despite the numerous studies currently being conducted in Ukraine: sociological, psychological, demographic, etc., the conditions for the integration of internally displaced persons to host communities remain insufficiently learned. In our opinion, this impedes the systematic solution and forecasting of social integration problems at the national, regional and local levels, as well as the process of developing an optimal social policy in relation to the migrating person. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to analyze scientific research in this area and develop a theoretical model for the integration of internally displaced persons in the community. We have considered the last researches on the stated problems and have specified the content and the structure of the process of integration of IDP. On the basis of methodological analysis, the theoretical model of social integration of internally displaced persons in the community has been developed. The theoretical model of social integration of the IDP in the community is developed, which consists of four components: sociopsychological, cultural and communicative, socio-economic and socio-political. These components affect the degree of social integration of IDP and their social well-being. The scheme of the IDP integration process into the community is specified. The scheme has three levels of structure: the level of community-based IDP, the level of perception of the IDP community population and their adoption, and the administrative political level of creating the necessary conditions for successful social integration of the IDP.
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Silva-Arias, Adriana Carolina, Jaime Andrés Sarmiento-Espinel, and Laura Victoria González-Cogollos. "Gender Inequalities in Academic Achievement among Internally Displaced children in Colombia." Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales Niñez y Juventud 18, no. 2 (May 14, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.18213.
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Using 2015 data of the Colombia Demographic and Health Survey, we investigated the incidence of belonging to a household with an Internally Displaced Person (IDP) on the likelihood of grade retention by sex. Particularly, a bivariate logistic regression was used to identify the correlation between families with IDP and children’s gender on the probability of repeating a school year. Boys’ were negatively affected when they live in an IDP household. Also, boys had a higher likelihood of repeating a grade. We need to know how to act upon the social determinants that create social gaps and disadvantages across IDP, but also, to align with Sustainable Development Goals to eliminate gender inequalities.
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Esparza, Diego, Jessica Lucas, Enrique Martinez, James Meernik, Ignacio Molinero, and Victoria Nevarez. "Movement of the people: Violence and internal displacement." International Area Studies Review 23, no. 3 (June 6, 2020): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865920925247.
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Individuals internally displaced by conflict are a prominent feature of wars, political violence and other forms of repression. We suggest that a subnational analysis of internally displaced person (IDP) generation can help us determine the extent to which more specific flight-precipitating factors can account for individuals’ behaviors. In particular, we are interested in how different conflict actors and the interactions of these actors affect the production of internally displaced persons. We suggest that some types of conflict actors are more likely to be responsible for greater numbers of internally displaced persons because of their political strategies. We focus on one of the most complex and yet data-rich environments in which the problem of internal displacement has been profound—Colombia. Using extensive data on internally displaced persons in Colombia among its over 1100 municipalities, we examine our expectations using negative binomial analyses to better understand the dynamics of conflict actors, the violence they perpetrate and internal displacement. We find that the identity of the conflict actor does make a difference in producing more internally displaced persons and that conflict between certain conflict actors is especially likely to produce more displaced persons.
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Holotenko, А. "THE SPECIFIC OF PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Social work, no. 3 (2018): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2616-7786.2018/3-1/1.
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The article is devoted to the problem of psychosocial well-being of internally displaced persons. The situation of forced internal migration conceals a large number of destructive influences on the psychosocial well-being of the individual. The process of adaptation of forced migrants is accompanied by high levels of stress and requires a large amount of psychological and social resources. In this regard, the research of psychosocial well-being of internally displaced persons is relevant to the scientific substantiation of psychosocial practice of assistance IDP. The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the psychosocial well-being of internally displaced persons, which are based on the results of empirical research. The article presents the results of a theoretical and methodological analysis of the concept of psychosocial well-being of internally displaced persons. This concept is interpreted by the author as a multifactorial construct, which encompasses the individual psychological characteristics of internally displaced persons, their subjective attitude to the actual life situation, the nature of social interaction with others and economic factors of life activity. The results of empirical research aimed at identifying the characteristics of psychosocial wellbeing of internally displaced persons point to a reduced level of psychosocial well-being of internally displaced persons, reflected in the manifestations of the tendency to disadaptation. Characteristic features of internally displaced persons are the inability to establish close social contacts with others and emotional detachment and lowered sense of their value to society. The general emotional background of the IDP is at a reduced level and is characterized by tendencies towards negativism.
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Akhunzada, Wajid Ali, Altaf Qadir, Niaz Maqsood, Ghulam Rasool, and Raza Ur Rahman. "INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS)." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 03 (March 10, 2015): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.03.1352.
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Most internally displaced persons (IDPs) live in low-income countriesexperiencing a war; their psychosocial health has not been well addressed. Objectives: To findout the prevalence of anxiety and depression in internally displaced persons (IDPs). Design:A randomized cluster sampling, case-controlled study. Period: 10th April 2009 to 10th July2009. Setting: This study was conducted at Kacha Ghari camp and Sheikh Yaseen camp forIDPs. Patients and Method: A total of 220 cases (those whom were exposed to traumaticexperiences) were selected through cluster random sampling. 220-matched controls (thosewhom were not exposed to traumatic experiences) were selected same day using the samesampling method. Both sexes were included. Socio-demographic information was obtainedfrom IDP- information form. Anxiety and depression was assessed using Hopkins symptomschecklist – 25 (HSCL-25). SPSS version -17 was used for statistical analysis. Chi square testwas applied for group comparison to calculate statistical significance. Results: More thanhalf of the participants (60 %) in this study were in age group between 18 to 38 years. 55 %of the population were females. Majority of participant were married (86% - 90%) and wereuneducated (74% - 90%) belongs to lower socio-economical class. The total Scores and theDepression Scores on Hopkins symptoms checklist – 25 (HSCL-25), were significant high incase group than in control group with the P values of 0.04 and 0.05 respectively. Discussion:Trauma and torture leaves a permanent scar on the survivors. It has physical, psychological andsocial squeals. Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 is intended to provide primary care physicians,mental health practitioners and other health care providers with an instrument for detectinganxiety and depression in torture and trauma victims. Conclusions: Besides being displacedfrom their residence exposure to trauma come out to be the important causative factor increating psychological disturbance among internally displaced persons.
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Oyelude, Adetoun A. "Internally displaced persons (IDP) workathon mobile services: a possibility!" Library Hi Tech News 36, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-10-2018-0064.
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Cohen, Roberta. "Reconciling R2P with IDP Protection." Global Responsibility to Protect 2, no. 1 (2010): 15–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187598410x12602515137293.
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AbstractAlthough R2P developed in large measure from efforts to design an international system to protect internally displaced persons (IDPs), its application may not always work to the benefit of displaced persons. Challenges have arisen, most notably R2P's limited application, the narrowness of its scope, the exclusion of disaster IDPs, the sidelining of the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, the tensions between human rights and humanitarian goals, R2P's equation with military action and the limits of coercive intervention. To ensure that IDPs gain from this landmark concept, special strategies will be needed to reconcile R2P with IDP protection.
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Hugo, Graeme. "Pengungsi — Indonesia's Internally Displaced Persons." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 11, no. 3 (September 2002): 297–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680201100302.
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Indonesia currently has one of the largest groups of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) of any nation in the world. This paper assesses the scale and patterns of such movement in Indonesia as at the beginning of 2002. It begins by assessing conflict as a cause of internal migration and shows how such movement was significant during the first two decades of independence in Indonesia. The current patterns of movement of IDPs in Indonesia are then outlined with the main origins being in the Outer Island provinces of Maluku, East Timor, Aceh, Central Sulawesi, Central Kalimantan, Papua and West Kalimantan. Around half of the current 1.3 million IDPs are housed in “refugee camps,” often in crowded and unhygienic conditions. Several of the expulsions of IDPs have come from areas where there have been earlier influxes of migrants, especially transmigrants of Java-Bali origins and the so-called BBM (Bugis, Butonese and Makassarese from South Sulawesi), with different ethnoreligious backgrounds than the native residents. The release of central control following the fall of the Suharto regime and the onset of the financial crisis have seen simmering newcomer/native, ethnic, religious and economic tensions rise to the surface to create the large scale expulsions. The Indonesian government has put forward a strategy to “solve” the IDP problem by the end of 2002. This is assessed and some of the medium and long-term implications of the movement discussed.
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Trofymenko, Anastasiia. "The Exercise of Rights of Internally Displaced Persons in Ukraine." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 35-36 (December 20, 2017): 384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2017.35-36.384-390.
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The weaknesses of the legal framework of social protection of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine have been analyzed. Among them are legal conflicts between legal acts, absence of the mechanism of providing IDPs with free temporary housing and compensation for lodging destroyed. The following challenges arise under the exercise of rights of IDPs: the amount of targeted aid has not changed since October 1, 2014; limitation of the freedom of movement for IDPs; limited practice ability of granting the right for the easy terms of studying at University (may be met by additional grants, charge-free rooms at the dormitory, free books and manuals, free Internet access etc.);the collection of legal charge for filing a lawsuit in court seeking protection of the rights of IDPs; service troubles of Single IDP Data Base. The issues of the lack of money for living, employment, provision of medical and psychological aid, the lack of selection criteria for the provision of IDPs with social services depending on their welfare, social status etc. are also pressing.
Keywords: Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), IDP registration reference, anti-terrorist operation (АТО), Single IDP Data Base, Ministry of Temporarily Occupied Territories and IDPs of Ukraine (МТОТ)
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Carrillo, Angela Consuelo. "Internal displacement in Colombia: humanitarian, economic and social consequences in urban settings and current challenges." International Review of the Red Cross 91, no. 875 (September 2009): 527–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383109990427.
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AbstractThis article provides an overview of internal displacement and the internally displaced person (IDP) assistance system in Colombia. It analyses the humanitarian consequences faced by IDPs when they move to an urban environment, and examines the impact of the influx of IDPs into cities on the different actors involved, such as the government, national and international organizations and host communities.
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Adeola, Romola, and Frans Viljoen. "The Right Not to Be Arbitrarily Displaced in Africa." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 25, no. 4 (November 2017): 459–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2017.0207.
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The African Union Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) Convention is the first international treaty that recognises the right not to be arbitrary displaced in a legally binding instrument. This right gives rise to the corresponding duty on African state parties to protect their population against arbitrary displacement. In relation to the main root causes of internal displacement in Africa recognised under this binding instrument, this paper analyses the content of the right not to be arbitrary displaced and what states should do in order to prevent arbitrary displacement in line with their obligation under the IDP Convention.
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Orieshkova, Alina. "Regulatory guarantees of the internally displaced person’s rights and freedom." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 2, no. 2 (June 3, 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-2-71-76.
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The state cannot be considered democratic, social and legal in the absence of normative legal guarantees that ensure the unimpeded realization of the rights, freedoms and interests of a person and a citizen, including internally displaced persons, and in case of their violation, protection and restoration. Encountered in 2014 with military aggression, the occupation of part of Ukraine, the authorities faced not only the problem of internal forced migration, but also the need to create effective safeguards for the rights and freedoms of internally displaced persons, in particular, regulatory and legal ones. It is highlighted that in the context of ensuring the rights and freedoms of internally displaced persons, one of the issues of discussion is the correlation of international and national law, which requires doctrinal study. After analyzing the correlation between international and national law, it is noted that in Ukraine superiority is given to the monistic theory, which is characterized by preservation of the supremacy of the basic law of the state, with the recognition of the priority of international law over the national one. It is stressed that the norms of international and national legal acts on protection and assistance to internally displaced persons provide an opportunity to ensure the effective functioning of public authorities and local self-government bodies for the protection and support of such a category of persons as IDP. It is noted that normative-legal regulation in the field of protection of rights and freedoms of internally displaced persons is characterized by imperfection and imbalance in various aspects of public life. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of international and national normative legal acts in the field of ensuring the rights and freedoms of internally displaced persons, author’s classification is given. The advantages of classification of normative legal acts in the context of ensuring the rights and freedoms of internally displaced persons are noted.
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Huynh, Benjamin Q., and Sanjay Basu. "Forecasting Internally Displaced Population Migration Patterns in Syria and Yemen." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 14, no. 3 (August 27, 2019): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2019.73.
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ABSTRACTObjectives:Armed conflict has contributed to an unprecedented number of internally displaced persons (IDPs), individuals who are forced out of their homes but remain within their country. IDPs often urgently require shelter, food, and healthcare, yet prediction of when IDPs will migrate to an area remains a major challenge for aid delivery organizations. We sought to develop an IDP migration forecasting framework that could empower humanitarian aid groups to more effectively allocate resources during conflicts.Methods:We modeled monthly IDP migration between provinces within Syria and within Yemen using data on food prices, fuel prices, wages, location, time, and conflict reports. We compared machine learning methods with baseline persistence methods of forecasting.Results:We found a machine learning approach that more accurately forecast migration trends than baseline persistence methods. A random forest model outperformed the best persistence model in terms of root mean square error of log migration by 26% and 17% for the Syria and Yemen datasets, respectively.Conclusions:Integrating diverse data sources into a machine learning model appears to improve IDP migration prediction. Further work should examine whether implementation of such models can enable proactive aid allocation for IDPs in anticipation of forecast arrivals.
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KOLOTUKHA, Kateryna. "Implementing of the right to pension by internally displaced persons: discriminative sources." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 11/2 (November 27, 2020): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.11(2).2.
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Introduction. The paper establishes that in connection with the conduct of military operations by our state in the east of Ukraine over the past six years, the emergence of a new administrative and legal status of persons-internally displaced persons – is predetermined. It is determined that such persons need enhanced protection and ensuring the exercise of their rights and freedoms from the state, which in practice causes certain difficulties. The special value of social protection of citizens, including the implementation of pension payments to internally displaced persons, is justified. Purpose: substantiation of proposals to improve the conditions for the provision of administrative services for the renewal and continuation of the payment of IDP pensions and the procedure for making pension payments to IDPs. Results. The paper analyzes the specifics of providing administrative services to internally displaced persons in the field of pension provision. This publication examines and analyzes the legislation and practical experience of implementing the right to a pension by internally displaced persons, provides legal conclusions on the state of respect for the rights and freedoms of internally displaced persons when they receive administrative services in the field of pension provision. The problem of creating unequal conditions for persons with the status of Internally displaced persons and persons without such status in the exercise of the right to a pension is revealed, which causes discrimination against internally displaced persons, contradicts constitutional principles and international acts. The necessity of repealing a rules that contradicts the law and establishes discriminatory provisions against persons with the status of Internally displaced persons is justified. The proposals of amendments to the legislation regarding new conditions for providing public services related to the appointment/recalculation of pensions to internally displaced persons without reference to the place of residence of such persons and changes in the procedure for maintaining a unified information and analytical system for managing social support for the population of Ukraine. Conclusion. The results obtained will ensure that there is no need to control the implementation of payments at the place of residence of internally displaced persons, and in the existence of a separate procedure for paying pensions to internally displaced persons and, most importantly, it will stop discrimination against persons with the administrative and legal status of an internally displaced person in comparison with persons without such status.
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Roggen, Inge, Gerlant van Berlaer, Geert Gijs, and Ives Hubloue. "Clinical Characteristics of the Inhabitants of an Internally Displaced Persons Camp in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo After the Arms Dump Blast on March 4, 2012." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 29, no. 5 (August 27, 2014): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x14000892.
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AbstractBackgroundOn March 4, 2012, an arms dump exploded in a densely populated area in Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo. At least 250 people were killed, 2,500 wounded, and 13,800 left homeless, of which 5,000 were relocated to a newly constructed internally displaced person (IDP) camp.AimTo describe the medical complaints of persons presenting to the IDP camp for medical evaluation.Patients and MethodsAll patients seen and treated by the Belgian First Aid and Support Team (B-FAST) in the IDP camp on March 10 and 11, 2012 were included. A unique number, age, gender, and inventory of complaints were registered on standard World Health Organization (WHO) forms.ResultsOut of 245 presenting patients, 242 files were processed. One in two patients were minors (<18 years-old), the male/female ratio was 50/50 in minors and 28/72 in adults; median (range) age in minors was three years (0-17) and for adults was 32.5 years (18-68). Twenty percent of the children were determined to be malnourished. Signs and symptoms related to infectious diseases were present in 75% of minors and 53% of adults. Trauma was present in 12% of minors and 21% of adults.ConclusionsOne week following the disaster event, after people had relocated to IDP camps, infectious diseases became the predominate reason for seeking medical evaluation. Less than one in five people presenting to the medical post had injuries directly related to the event. Demographic data showed that around 50% of people in the IDP camp presenting for medical care were children, of which one in five was malnourished.RoggenI,van BerlaerG,GijsG,HubloueI.Clinical characteristics of the inhabitants of an internally displaced persons camp in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo after the arms dump blast on March 4, 2012.Prehosp Disaster Med.2014;29(5):1-5.
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Krakhmalova, Nina A. "INTEGRATION OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN THE SOCIETY." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Series: Economic sciences 125, no. 4 (January 25, 2019): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2413-0117.2018.4.4.
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The paper seeks to provide insights to the nature and problematic issues as well as to specify the institutes for adaptation and integration of internally displaced persons in modern Ukraine. Yet, a vast range of problems faced by IDPS in the process of their adaptation remains unresolved so far. Among the major challenges of IDP social integration are as follows: housing and employment problems, financial hardship, dissolution of family ties, the problem of adaptation, etc. The situation and problems of internally displaced persons have been analyzed along with providing a socio-demographic portrait of IDP in Ukraine, the key challenges for IDPS have been revealed. According to the survey, forced migrants maintain close relationships with charity organizations and government social services (respectively 69% and 44% of respondents, respectively). The problem of employment is the survival issue for IDPS in modern realia, since the government support fails to cover even the accommodation costs. Housing rent and utilities expenditures account for almost the entire income of IDPS. Apart from financial problems, a great number of IDPS worry about the ongoing war in Ukraine and strive for peace (84% of respondents) as well as the failure to be with their families (42% of respondents), which are important for the process of adaptation. The research findings offer the following recommendations to be undertaken: the government support must primarily be targeted to resolve the major problems that IDPS cannot overcome on their own, i. e. finding a place to live and employment. It is critical to create favourable environment and incentives for those employers who employ migrants. This will raise the level of IDPs competitiveness in the labour market, thus making their adaptation much easier. Since people have undergone through extremely traumatic experiences due to military actions and the process of resettlement, forced migrants need psychological assistance. Local communities should engage IDPS into social events to foster their integration. In conclusion, it is argued that internally displaced persons are a potential that will allow Ukraine to flourish, live in peace and consent in a single territory, for the sake of a bright future of the nation. The strategies and mechanisms for internally displaced persons adaptation and integration into the new social and cultural environment have been explored; the role of the government, volunteers and international organizations in promoting the adaptation and integration of internally displaced persons has been specified.
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Idialu, Raphael Akhijemen. "The Refugee Crisis / Internally Displaced Persons and Theological Education." Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 35, no. 2 (April 2018): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265378818787085.
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This article considers the current global trend of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and the Refugee Crisis, which have become serious concerns for most nations of the world and for the Church. While not limiting the discussion to the current refugee situation, the article focuses more on the circumstances faced by IDPs in Nigeria and the factors that led to this situation. The article brings a Biblical perspective to the situation, as it also looks at the role that theological education can play in stemming the migration tide. Bibliographic and ethnographic tools used in eliciting data reveal that theological education has a role in critically assessing the IDP situation and finding a way out of it. Also, theological education can be a prophetic voice for the Church and society in condemning the factors that lead to crises, and even in urging and encouraging both the government and the Church to fulfil their responsibilities.
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Mohammad, Seleiman B., and Rafatu Abdulhamid. "Islam and The Plight of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPS) In IDP Camps in Abuja, Nigeria." Al-Mada: Jurnal Agama, Sosial, dan Budaya 4, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): 110–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/almada.v4i1.1180.
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The paper is based on a study conducted on the Plight of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. The study sought to find out the socio-economic and psychological conditions of three IDP camps in Durumi, Karmajiji and Dakwa, and the extent of state and non-state actors support to the camps. Data was sourced through key Informant Interview, Focus Group Discussion and documents. The IDPs lacked access to quality hygiene, education and health services and found to be distressed and traumatized. The study found little support from the state, but enormous contributions from NGOs and philanthropists. The study recommends among others that IDP camps should be taken over by the state to provide basic amenities and empowerment
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ALMEDOM, ASTIER M., BERHE TESFAMICHAEL, ZEIN SAEED MOHAMMED, C. G. N. MASCIE-TAYLOR, and ZEMUI ALEMU. "USE OF ‘SENSE OF COHERENCE (SOC)’ SCALE TO MEASURE RESILIENCE IN ERITREA: INTERROGATING BOTH THE DATA AND THE SCALE." Journal of Biosocial Science 39, no. 1 (November 14, 2005): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932005001112.
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An adapted ‘sense of coherence’ scale short form (SOC-13) was administered in nine languages of Eritrea with a total of 265 participants (162 women and 103 men) in order to assess ‘resilience’ in quantitative terms. Statistical analysis yielded significant differences in SOC scores between the displaced and non-displaced: mean=54·84 (SD=6·48) in internally displaced person (IDP) camps, compared with mean=48·94 (SD=11·99) in urban and rural settlements (t=3·831, p<0·001). Post-hoc tests revealed that the main difference is between IDP camp dwellers and urban (non-displaced) residents. Those in rural but traditionally mobile (pastoralist or transhumant) communities scored more or less the same as the urban non-displaced – i.e. significantly higher than those in IDP camps (p<0·05). Analysis of variance showed that displacement has a significantly negative effect on women compared with men (RR=0·262, p<0·001). Repeating the analysis for the three groups confirmed that urban and pastoralist/transhumant groups are similar, while women in IDP camps are lower scoring (RR=0·268, p<0·001), Hamboka women being worst affected due to their experience of serial displacement. These findings are interpreted and discussed in the light of qualitative information gleaned from the study participants’ interrogation of the content of the SOC scale; and in the wider context of historical, socio-political and cultural characteristics of Eritrea. The study’s implications for humanitarian and public health policy are considered.
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Mercy Ademokun, Oluwatomiloba, Salimah El Amin, and Regina Glenn. "Eradication and Empowerment: Polio Vaccination in Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) Camps in Nigeria." Biomedical Sciences 5, no. 4 (2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20190504.12.
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Singh, Kamal P., Sankara Varun Bhoopathy, Heather Worth, Holly Seale, and Robyn L. Richmond. "Nutrition among men and household food security in an internally displaced persons camp in Kenya." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 4 (March 2015): 723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015001275.
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AbstractObjectiveTo determine the nutritional status of men and the food security status of their households in an internally displaced persons (IDP) camp in Kenya.DesignA descriptive, cross-sectional study using a questionnaire and biometric measurements was completed in June 2013.SettingIDP camp, Rongai, Kenya.SubjectsA total of 267 men aged ≥18 years residing within the camp were recruited via respondent-driven sampling. Statistical associations between categorical variables were analysed using Pearson’s χ2 tests, while independent t tests were used for continuous variables.ResultsAmong the men surveyed, we found a mean BMI of 20·3 (sd 2·5) kg/m2, with 23·9 % of participants in the underweight category (BMI<18·5 kg/m2). The mean Individual Dietary Diversity Score was 6 out of a maximum score of 9. The mean Household Food Insecurity Access Scale score was 11·6 (sd 6·8), with 180 participants (71·7 %) residing in households categorised as severely food insecure. Low monthly household income (<2000 Kenyan Shillings, or $US 25) was associated with a higher food insecurity score (P<0·001), greater likelihood of residing in a severely food-insecure household (P<0·001), low dietary diversity score (P<0·05) and being underweight (P<0·01).ConclusionsWhile the nutritional status of men in the IDP camp is comparable to non-displaced men in Kenya, household food insecurity is relatively high. Efforts to improve food security for the future are essential to minimise the impact of severe food insecurity on mental health, disease profiles and family well-being reported in other IDP settings.
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Bradley, Miriam. "Unintended Consequences of Adjacency Claims." Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 25, no. 4 (December 10, 2019): 620–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02504002.
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Abstract This article examines the role of adjacency claims in the development of a norm for the international protection of internally displaced persons (IDP s). Consistent with existing scholarship on adjacency claims, the construction of analogies between refugee protection and IDP protection was instrumental in garnering broad international acceptance of the IDP protection norm. However, these same analogies had an impact beyond the abstract acceptance of the norm. They were used to justify the expansion of the mandate of the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) to encompass IDP s, and they shaped the way UNHCR understands and implements IDP protection. UNHCR replicated its policy approach from refugees to IDP s, generating a dysfunctional approach to IDP protection. Therefore, adjacency claims can have an effect beyond garnering support for new norms, and may result in suboptimal governance arrangements for implementing those norms.
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Shaikh, Masood A. "Nurses' Use of Global Information Systems for Provision of Outreach Reproductive Health Services to Internally Displaced Persons." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 23, S1 (June 2008): s35—s38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00024079.
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AbstractIntroduction:A long and protracted civil war compounded by the occurrence of nature-related disasters have forced thousands of Somalis to take refuge in camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs) to escape violence and seek shelter. Dwellers of these camps have limited accessibility to and affordability of the fractured healthcare facilities located in nearby towns. A free, outreach, mobile, reproductive healthcare delivery system staffed with nurses and using an ambulance guided by a global information systems (GIS) map was established to address the accessibility and affordability issues hindering provision of quality reproductive healthcare to the women in the IDP camps and in the outskirts of Baidoa City, Somalia.Methods:All 14 IDP camps in Baidoa City were visited to determine the number of families/huts, and to acquire their global positioning system (GPS) central point locations. Global information systems (GIS) shape files containing major roads, river, and dwellings, and straight-line distances from the base clinic to each IDP camp were computed. The objective of creating and using this specially designed map was to help nurses in determining which camps realistically could be visited on a given day, and how best to access them considering the security situation and the condition of rain-affected areas in the city.Results:Use of the GIS map was instrumental in facilitating the delivery of healthcare services to IDPs and ensuring that resources were adequately utilized. Free healthcare services were provided each work day for the month long duration of the project; 3,095 consultations were provided, inclusive of 948 consultations for children under the age of 16 years, and delivery of three babies.Conclusions:Creation and use of a simple, need-specific GIS map in this pilot project effectively aided the logistical planning and delivery of mobile, outreach reproductive health services by directing the ambulance and nurses safely to accessible IDP camps in an area marred with long and protracted disasters from both natural and human causes.
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Jordan, L. "APPLYING THIESSEN POLYGON CATCHMENT AREAS AND GRIDDED POPULATION WEIGHTS TO ESTIMATE CONFLICT-DRIVEN POPULATION CHANGES IN SOUTH SUDAN." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W2 (October 19, 2017): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w2-23-2017.
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Recent violence in South Sudan produced significant levels of conflict-driven migration undermining the accuracy and utility of both national and local level population forecasts commonly used in demographic estimates, public health metrics and food security proxies. This article explores the use of Thiessen Polygons and population grids (Gridded Population of the World, WorldPop and LandScan) as weights for estimating the catchment areas for settlement locations that serve large populations of internally displaced persons (IDP), in order to estimate the county-level in- and out-migration attributable to conflict-driven displacement between 2014-2015. Acknowledging IDP totals improves internal population estimates presented by global population databases. Unlike other forecasts, which produce spatially uniform increases in population, accounting for displaced population reveals that 15 percent of counties (<i>n</i> = 12) increased in population over 20 percent, and 30 percent of counties (<i>n</i> = 24) experienced zero or declining population growth, due to internal displacement and refugee out-migration. Adopting Thiessen Polygon catchment zones for internal migration estimation can be applied to other areas with United Nations IDP settlement data, such as Yemen, Somalia, and Nigeria.
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Duffield, Mark. "Aid and complicity: the case of war-displaced Southerners in the Northern Sudan." Journal of Modern African Studies 40, no. 1 (March 2002): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x01003822.
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The paper is concerned with the unintended consequences of aid as a relation of governance: in this case, the failure of aid agencies to improve the lot of displaced Southerners living in North Sudan after more than a decade of engagement. It is argued that aid, as a governance relation, is complicit with wider forms of oppression to which Southerners are subject. The aid-based IDP (Internally Displaced Person) identity, for example, resonates with state forms of deculturation. At the same time, developmental ideas of self-sufficiency articulate with the commercial need for cheap agricultural labour. Developmental strategies have tended to reinforce the subordination of displaced Southerners rather than enhancing their autonomy. Examples of this collateral effect are examined in relation to share-cropping, food aid, debt and asset stripping. The paper ends by calling into question the appropriateness of aid as a vehicle for a shared duty of care.
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Cirkovic, Svetlana. "Expressing time in the autobiographical discourse of internally displaced persons (IDP) from Kosovo and Metohija." Balcanica, no. 39 (2008): 199–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc0839199c.
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The oral corpus of recorded conversations with displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohija was formed in 2003. The transcript of a three-hour conversation with a female interlocutor originally from the environs of Suva Reka (Metohija) has been subjected to discourse analysis, an oft-used technique within linguistic anthropology. The focus of the contribution is on the interlocutor?s ways of expressing time. Her autobiographical discourse, as well as that of displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohija in general, shows that the war/bombing/displacement functions as a temporal divide, as a time marker in relation to which the past, present and future are expressed. The results of this pilot study into time expressions may be used as the starting point in studying the entire oral corpus.
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Alami, Sayed Omar, Lisa Dulli, Leila Dal Santo, Sayed Haroon Rastagar, Sediq Seddiqi, Shafiqullah Hemat, Jane Machlin Burke, and Catherine S. Todd. "Getting health information to internally displaced youth in Afghanistan: can mobile phone technology bridge the gap?" Gates Open Research 3 (June 4, 2019): 1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13008.1.
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Background: Afghanistan ranks among the most disadvantaged globally for many key reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH) indicators, despite important gains in the past decade. Youth (15 to 24 years) are a key audience for RMNCH information as they enter adulthood, marry and begin families; however, reaching Afghan youth with health information is challenging. Internally displaced persons (IDPs), including youth, experience additional challenges to obtaining health-related information and services. This study measured current and preferred RMNCH information channels to explore the feasibility of using mobile phone technology to provide RMNCH information to IDP youth in Afghanistan. Methods: We conducted a sub-group analysis of survey data from a mixed-methods, cross-sectional, formative assessment to understand current access to RMNCH information. The target population for this analysis includes 15-25-year-old male and female IDP youth from three Afghan Provinces. Survey data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results: A total of 450 IDP youth were surveyed in the three provinces (225 male and 225 female). Access to RMNCH information outside of health facilities was limited. Mobile phone ownership was nearly universal among male participants, yet considerably lower among females; nearly all participants without personal phones reported access to phones when needed. Although few participants spontaneously mentioned mobile phones as a preferred source of RMNCH information, most male and female respondents reported they would be very or somewhat likely to use a free, mobile-phone-based system to access such information if offered. Conclusions: Given widespread access and considerable interest voiced by participants, mobile phones may be a viable way to reach IDP youth with important RMNCH health information in this fragile setting. Interventions should be designed and pilot-tested to identify the most appropriate platforms and information content and to further document feasibility and acceptability.
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Alami, Sayed Omar, Lisa Dulli, Leila Dal Santo, Sayed Haroon Rastagar, Sediq Seddiqi, Shafiqullah Hemat, Jane Machlin Burke, and Catherine S. Todd. "Getting health information to internally displaced youth in Afghanistan: can mobile phone technology bridge the gap?" Gates Open Research 3 (October 23, 2019): 1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13008.2.
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Background: Afghanistan ranks among the most disadvantaged globally for many key reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH) indicators, despite important gains in the past decade. Youth (15 to 24 years) are a key audience for RMNCH information as they enter adulthood, marry and begin families; however, reaching Afghan youth with health information is challenging. Internally displaced persons (IDPs), including youth, experience additional challenges to obtaining health-related information and services. This study measured current and preferred RMNCH information channels to explore the feasibility of using mobile phone technology to provide RMNCH information to IDP youth in Afghanistan. Methods: We conducted a sub-group analysis of survey data from a mixed-methods, cross-sectional, formative assessment to understand current access to RMNCH information. The target population for this analysis includes 15-25-year-old male and female IDP youth from three Afghan Provinces. Survey data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results: A total of 450 IDP youth were surveyed in the three provinces (225 male and 225 female). Access to RMNCH information outside of health facilities was limited. Mobile phone ownership was nearly universal among male participants, yet considerably lower among females; nearly all participants without personal phones reported access to phones when needed. Although few participants spontaneously mentioned mobile phones as a preferred source of RMNCH information, most male and female respondents reported they would be very or somewhat likely to use a free, mobile-phone-based system to access such information if offered. Conclusions: Given widespread access and considerable interest voiced by participants, mobile phones may be a viable way to reach IDP youth with important RMNCH health information in this fragile setting. Interventions should be designed and pilot-tested to identify the most appropriate platforms and information content and to further document feasibility and acceptability.
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Hull, Stephen. "The “Everyday Politics” of IDP Protection in Karen State." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 28, no. 2 (June 2009): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810340902800202.
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While international humanitarian access in Burma has opened up over the past decade and a half, the ongoing debate regarding the appropriate relationship between politics and humanitarian assistance remains unresolved. This debate has become especially limiting in regards to protection measures for internally displaced persons (IDPs) which are increasingly seen to fall within the mandate of humanitarian agencies. Conventional IDP protection frameworks are biased towards a top-down model of politically-averse intervention which marginalises local initiatives to resist abuse and hinders local control over protection efforts. Yet such local resistance strategies remain the most effective IDP protection measures currently employed in Karen State and other parts of rural Burma. Addressing the protection needs and underlying humanitarian concerns of displaced and potentially displaced people is thus inseparable from engagement with the “everyday politics” of rural villagers. This article seeks to challenge conventional notions of IDP protection that prioritise a form of state-centric “neutrality” and marginalise the “everyday politics” through which local villagers continue to resist abuse and claim their rights.
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Kamta, Frederic Noel, Janpeter Schilling, and Jürgen Scheffran. "Insecurity, Resource Scarcity, and Migration to Camps of Internally Displaced Persons in Northeast Nigeria." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 23, 2020): 6830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176830.
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For almost two decades, the Lake Chad Basin (LCB) in general and northeast Nigeria in particular have been subject to the insurgency of the Islamist terrorist group Boko Haram. This region is also known for its poor environmental conditions that mostly manifest in land desertification and water scarcity. We analyze the impact of the insecurity and conflict on migration from the most affected rural areas of northeast Nigeria to Maiduguri. We also explore the role that water scarcity and land desertification play in the decision of local people to migrate. Data were collected by interviewing 204 internally displaced persons (IDPs) at the Bakassi IDP camp in Maiduguri between March and May 2019. Experts were also interviewed at various governmental, non-governmental, and international institutions in Abuja. Respondents at the Bakassi IDP camp came from Guzamala, Gwoza, Marte, Monguno, and Nganzai. Though insecurity created by the conflict between Boko Haram insurgents and government forces was mentioned by all respondents as the main factor that triggered migration, this study shows that the decision to migrate was also a function of other factors that differ between communities. These factors include the geographical location of the community, land ownership, the socioeconomic status of the migrants, access to water and land, and wealth. This study reveals that in some communities, it was possible for people to live with conflict if they were still able to practice farming or if they had additional sources of income such as small businesses. The decision to migrate was only taken when the practice of such activities was no longer possible and they had nothing to hold on to.
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Asplet, Mike, and Megan Bradley. "The African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention)." International Legal Materials 52, no. 1 (February 2013): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/intelegamate.52.1.0397.
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Known as the Kampala Convention, the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa is the first regional treaty to comprehensively address the issue of internal displacement. Having entered into force with its fifteenth ratification on December 6, 2012, the Convention tackles a major humanitarian, human rights, and development issue for the African continent, as there are more than 9.7 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in sub-Saharan Africa alone. The treaty builds on the 1998 Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, integrating international human rights and humanitarian law norms as they relate to internal displacement, and incorporating principles from African regional standards such as the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and the Great Lakes Protocol. While rooted in these standards, the Convention also reflects recent developments and the evolution of best practice regarding IDP protection. In so doing, the Convention advances the normative standard on internal displacement in a number of important areas, including in terms of the prohibition on arbitrary displacement; the responsibilities of international and regional organizations; internal displacement linked to the effects of climate change; and remedies for those affected by displacement.
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H. Parker, Alison, Jen A. Smith, Tania Verdemato, Jeanette Cooke, James Webster, and Richard C. Carter. "Menstrual management: a neglected aspect of hygiene interventions." Disaster Prevention and Management 23, no. 4 (July 29, 2014): 437–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-04-2013-0070.
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Purpose – Effective menstrual management is essential for the mental and physical well being of women. However, many women in low-income countries lack access to the materials and facilities required. They are thus restricted in their activities whilst menstruating thus compromising their education, income and domestic responsibilities. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study describes the menstrual management challenges faced by women in an emergency situation in Uganda. Totally, 50 interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with women from villages, internally displaced person (IDP) camps and schools so that the menstrual management of the host population could be compared with the IDPs. Findings – This study showed that in IDP camps there was a significant lack of materials including soap, underpants and absorbing cloth, and facilities like latrines and bathing shelters. As a consequence women in IDP camps suffer with poor health and diminished dignity. There is also a lack of education about menstruation and reproductive health and practices are strongly influenced by cultural taboos. Originality/value – This is the first time that the menstrual management of women in IDP or refugee camps has been studied.
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Spröhnle, Kristin, Olaf Kranz, Elisabeth Schoepfer, Matthias Moeller, and Stefan Voigt. "Earth observation-based multi-scale impact assessment of internally displaced person (IDP) camps on wood resources in Zalingei, Darfur." Geocarto International 31, no. 5 (August 3, 2015): 575–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2015.1062053.
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Lang, Stefan, Dirk Tiede, Daniel Hölbling, Petra Füreder, and Peter Zeil. "Earth observation (EO)-basedex postassessment of internally displaced person (IDP) camp evolution and population dynamics in Zam Zam, Darfur." International Journal of Remote Sensing 31, no. 21 (November 8, 2010): 5709–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.496803.
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James Henry, Obol, Kitara David Lagoro, and Christopher Garimoi Orach. "Prevalence of Malaria and Treatment Seeking Behaviours among Pregnant Women in Postconflict Internally Displaced Persons' Camps in Gulu District." ISRN Public Health 2012 (December 26, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/164935.
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Background. Malaria is a serious health problem that contributes greatly to morbidity and mortality in Uganda. It mainly affects pregnant women and children under 5 years of age. Malaria accounts for 9–14% of inpatient deaths in public and private not-for-profit health facilities in Uganda. Methods. A cross-sectional study using quantitative data collection technique was carried out in Gulu district IDP camps. Proportion to size cluster sampling method was used to determine the numbers of pregnant women to be interviewed per IDP camp. We interviewed 769 pregnant women from 20 IDP camps using consecutive sampling methods by moving to the next nearest household. Results. 372(49%) of respondents indicated that they had suffered from malaria in the past two months. 348(94%) respondents got treatment for malaria. 299(86%) sought treatment from a health facility, 35 (10%) sought treatment from clinic, and 14(4%) sought treatment from drug shops. Factors associated with treatment seeking were experience of miscarriage (, value ) and antenatal visit (, value ). Conclusion. The prevalence of malaria was high among the respondents at about half. Majority of the respondents sought treatment from health facilities while a few of them sought treatment for malaria from clinic and drug shop. Pregnant women should be advised to seek treatment whenever they have malaria from health facility to ensure that the treatment given is appropriate.
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Orchard, Phil. "Regionalizing Protection: au and asean Responses to Mass Atrocity Crimes against Internally Displaced Persons." Global Responsibility to Protect 8, no. 2-3 (May 24, 2016): 295–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-00803011.
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Forcible displacement can constitute a mass atrocity crime. This is something that is considered within the non-binding Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement. Efforts to implement the Guiding Principles at the regional level suggest one path to implement stronger legal protections for internally displaced persons (idps), in particular, against mass atrocity crimes. These regional processes, however, can vary in remarkable ways. In the African Union, the Kampala Convention has brought the Guiding Principles and protections against mass atrocity crimes directed at idps into regional hard law; it also includes robust implementation and enforcement mechanisms. At this stage, however, these mechanisms remain anticipatory rather than effective; consequently international assistance will be vital to entrench the rights anchored in the Convention. By contrast, asean has introduced no overt protections for idps. However, its developing legal human rights framework through the asean Declaration of Human Rights, coupled with the Association’s response to the Rohingya idp crisis in Myanmar, suggests that a policy-focused change, while incremental, may be happening.
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Wickramage, K., T. Ranasinghe, E. K. Vithana, and H. Herath. "(A170) Health Sector Coordination Following Civil Conflict in Sri Lanka, 2009." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001877.
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BackgroundThree decades of internal conflict, displacing 300,000 civilians, in the Northern and Eastern Provinces of Sri Lanka ended in May 2009. Civilians affected by the fierce fighting in the proceeding months were ushered by the military into internally displaced persons (IDP) camps in an area called “Manik Farm” in Vavuniya District until they could be resettled. The Ministry of Health led the provision of health services to the displaced in coordination with the humanitarian health cluster at the national and field level immediately after of the war.MethodsThe Ministry of Health plans and reports were reviewed, along with reports from health sector partners and national and international guidelines on coordination in humanitarian relief operations. The way the Ministry of Health coordinated with health sector partners via the health cluster was different from other coordination models where military and civil administration were involved in providing humanitarian relief also was compared.ConclusionsThe review shows that the health sector coordination mechanism adapted in Sri Lanka had a clear leadership and guidance for health sector partners according to national plans and frameworks. It was indicated by better health outcomes like mortality and morbidity among displaced population in IDP camps in Manik Farm.
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Amodu, Oluwakemi C., Magdalena S. Richter, and Bukola O. Salami. "A Scoping Review of the Health of Conflict-Induced Internally Displaced Women in Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041280.
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Armed conflict and internal displacement of persons create new health challenges for women in Africa. To outline the research literature on this population, we conducted a review of studies exploring the health of internally displaced persons (IDP) women in Africa. In collaboration with a health research librarian and a review team, a search strategy was designed that identified 31 primary research studies with relevant evidence. Studies on the health of displaced women have been conducted in South- Central Africa, including Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC); and in Eastern, East central Africa, and Western Africa, including Eritrea, Uganda, and Sudan, Côte d’Ivoire, and Nigeria. We identified violence, mental health, sexual and reproductive health, and malaria and as key health areas to explore, and observed that socioeconomic power shifts play a crucial role in predisposing women to challenges in all four categories. Access to reproductive health services was influenced by knowledge, geographical proximity to health services, spousal consent, and affordability of care. As well, numerous factors affect the mental health of internally displaced women in Africa: excessive care-giving responsibilities, lack of financial and family support to help them cope, sustained experiences of violence, psychological distress, family dysfunction, and men’s chronic alcoholism. National and regional governments must recommit to institutional restructuring and improved funding allocation to culturally appropriate health interventions for displaced women.
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Summers, Aimee, and Oleg O. Bilukha. "Suboptimal infant and young child feeding practices among internally displaced persons during conflict in eastern Ukraine." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 5 (December 22, 2017): 917–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017003421.
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AbstractObjectiveTo determine current status, areas for improvement and effect of conflict on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices among internally displaced persons (IDP) in eastern Ukraine.DesignCross-sectional household survey, June 2015.SettingKharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhia oblasts (Ukrainian administrative divisions) bordering conflict area in Ukraine.SubjectsRandomly selected IDP households with children aged <2 years registered with local non-governmental organizations. Questions based on the WHO IYCF assessment questionnaire were asked for 477 children. Mid-upper arm circumference was measured in 411 children aged 6–23 months.ResultsExclusive breast-feeding prevalence for infants aged <6 months was 25·8 (95 % CI 15·8, 38·0) %. Percentage of mothers continuing breast-feeding when their child was aged 1 and 2 years was 53·5 (95 % CI 43·2, 63·6) % and 20·6 (95 % CI 11·5, 32·7) %, respectively. Bottle-feeding was common for children aged <2 years (68·1 %; 95 % CI 63·7, 72·3 %). Almost all infants aged 6–8 months received solid foods (98·6 %; 95 % CI 88·5, 99·9 %). Mothers who discontinued breast-feeding before their infant was 6 months old more often listed stress related to conflict as their primary reason for discontinuation (45·7 %) compared with mothers who discontinued breast-feeding when their child was aged 6–23 months (14·3 %; P<0·0001).ConclusionsTo mitigate the effects of conflict and improve child health, humanitarian action is needed focused on helping mothers cope with stress related to conflict and displacement while supporting women to adhere to recommended IYCF practices if possible and providing appropriate support to women when adherence is not feasible.
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Abdulkadir, Maryam Idris. "Appraisal of the Role of Law Clinics in Internally Displaced Persons and Refugee Camps in Nigeria." Asian Journal of Legal Education 6, no. 1-2 (January 2019): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2322005819840107.
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The crises from the northeastern part of Nigeria and neighbouring countries especially around the Lake Chad region (Cameroun and Chad) have created a lot of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees in the country. This has led to creation of such camps that are scattered all over the country, that is, in the North East, South, South East and the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. A lot of humanitarian crises occur in such camps, the most disturbing of which is a violation of certain fundamental human rights, like right to liberty and right to dignity, exploitation and sexual assault. This has led to the creation of Refugee and IDP camps. This article examined the role that law clinics can play in addressing the legal issues highlighted. The history and development of legal education in Nigeria and how it gave birth to law clinics was traced. Moreover, the causes of creation of refugee and IDP camps were discussed. The article recommends that law clinics, through social justice, access to justice and client interview, can play a tremendous role in addressing the legal problems faced by the inhabitants of the camps, and this will also help achieve one of the learning outcomes of the course which deals with humanitarian law. The article further states that the presence/role of law clinics will not only benefit the students of the law clinic and the inhabitants of the camps but also benefit the Federal Government of Nigeria through data collection and statistics from these camps, and it will be a means for the government to curtail human rights violation in such areas.
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Ayata, Bilgin, and Deniz Yükseker. "A Belated Awakening: National and International Responses to the Internal Displacement of Kurds in Turkey." New Perspectives on Turkey 32 (2005): 5–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089663460000409x.
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Internal displacement has replaced the flows of border-crossing refugees as the major form of forced migration across the world in the past two decades. International organizations seek to have a central role in providing assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) although this phenomenon comes under the traditional realm of state sovereignty, in contrast to the refugee regime, which is part of international law. The evolving international IDP regime has triggered policy and scholarly debates about various aspects of state responsibility and international assistance. On one hand, when states fail to provide protection to the displaced, the decision to take international action is often selective and depends to a large extent on the balance of geopolitical interests of powerful donor states. On the other hand, extant international humanitarian assistance practices also face criticism for having created new modes of power over displaced groups.
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Bartlett, Anne, Jennifer Alix–Garcia, and David S. Saah. "City Growth under Conflict Conditions: The View from Nyala, Darfur." City & Community 11, no. 2 (June 2012): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6040.2012.01396.x.
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The developing world today is challenging conventional accounts of city growth and change. In Africa, for example, conflict and mass displacement are reconfiguring the urban landscape in ways that are hard to ignore. This paper analyzes how conflict and the arrival of a large humanitarian aid infrastructure influence the dynamics of city growth and bring about a distinct spatial structure, niche gentrification, and informal economy in Nyala, Darfur. Using data from a three–year field study, we show how the size and socio–spatial organization of the city changed, the directions in which the city grew, and the factors that drove these changes. We look at interaction patterns between residents of Nyala itself and those now residing in internally displaced person (IDP) camps on the edge of the city. We show that considerations of both insecurity and risk are vitally important to understanding the processes of conflict urbanization. Conflict generates a distinctive social structure as internal displaced people, international aid workers, and long–time urban residents all move within the city.
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Sabbil, Adam Ahmed Soliman, Maha A. Sheriff, and Badreldin Mohamed Ahmed Abdulrahman. "The Household Food Security of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs): An Applied Study on Abushock IDPs Camp, North Darfur State- Sudan." Asian Journal of Social Science Studies 1, no. 2 (April 6, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ajsss.v1i2.36.
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<p>This research examined the Household food security of the internally displaced persons in Abou Shock IDPs Camp, North Darfur State – Western Sudan. Data were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data were obtained from a total 140 of respondents who were selected using multi-stage, stratified sampling technique. Secondary data were obtained from published materials like journals, books and other relevant materials. Data were analyzed using a set of statistical tools such as percentage and frequency tables. Additionally, the Chi-Square technique was used to test whether there is a significant difference or not with respect to be food secured or non-secured and the following socio- demographic and economic variables relating to household head: sex, marital status, family size the educational level, food relief received by household, the number of IDP household members earning money and the number of domestic animals the IDP household owned. The results achieved revealed that %47.8 of the IDP households consumed less than adequate food. Further, the IDPs household food security status in the study area was determined by food relief received by household; the family size; the household ownership of domestic animals, and the number of household members earning money. Accordingly, to increase food consumption at the IDPs households, emphasis must be placed on creating employment opportunities that will increase the number of paid workers among its members, enabling them to possess small domestic animals such as goats, sheep, and poultry either through revolving fund or direct free of charge support.</p>
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Titar, Ivan. "Concepts and criteria of internally displaced persons’ adaptation and integration and terms of idp status withdrawal." Ukrainian society 2016, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2016.04.057.
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Nwoga, C. N., S. J. Dakwak, T. M. Agbir, M. D. Audu, S. G. Goar, F. P. Tungchama, F. J. Davou, K. M. Okonoda, J. T. Obindo, and Y. T. Maigari. "Functional Disability and Depression among Internally Displaced Persons in North-East Nigeria." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 1, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.34.
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A common factor in the development of mental disorders, including depression, is exposure to trauma. Boko Haram crisis has ravaged the North East part of Nigeria and has left indelible traumatic effect on the inhabitants especially the Internally Displaced People (IDPs) who fled their homes for survival. Previous studies reported high rates of depression and disability among IDPs. We set out to investigate the prevalence of depression, disability and correlates among the IDPs in two selected camps in Yobe state. We carried out a cross sectional study among 422 adult IDPs selected through a systematic sampling method. One hundred and ninety two (45.5%) were males. The mean age of the subjects was 39.4±18.50 years with range of 18-80 years. Of the 422 IDPs, 166(39.3%) had probable depression and 76(18.0%) had definite depression. Factors significantly associated with diagnosis of depression were; age (p=0.028), marital status (p=0.001), living condition (p=0.001), general health (p=0.001) and WHODAS 2.0 scores (p=0.001). Logistic regression revealed that age <20years (OR=8.4;p=0.001), being an IDP in the camp irrespective of the living condition (OR=3.6;p=0.001), being single/unmarried (OR=10.0;p=0.048) and comorbid PTSD predicted diagnosis of depression. Having a disability score in the severe range (OR=5.7;p=0.001) strongly correlated with having depression in the study. There is a high rate of depression among IDPs in North-east, Nigeria. Having a diagnosis of depression correlated well with the severity of disability in study. We recommend regular psychiatric services as part of routine medical services to IDPs as health cannot be complete without mental health.
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Ekezie, Winifred, Stephen Timmons, Puja Myles, Penelope Siebert, Manpreet Bains, and Catherine Pritchard. "An audit of healthcare provision in internally displaced population camps in Nigeria." Journal of Public Health 41, no. 3 (August 22, 2018): 583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy141.
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Abstract Background Armed conflict in Nigeria resulted in more than 2 million internally displaced persons (IDPs). IDPs live in poor conditions lacking basic resources with variable provision across different locations. This audit aimed to determine the health-related resources available to IDPs in camp-like settings in Nigeria and whether these met international standards. Methods Using a cross-sectional study approach, information was collected in nine camps across seven states from camp managers, and direct observation in September–October 2016. The Sphere minimum standards in humanitarian crises were used as the audit standards. Findings The 5 of 15 assessed standards were met to some extent, including the availability of water and shelter. Sanitation and vaccination were unmet in five camps, with severe overcrowding in five camps, and inadequate waste disposal in all camps. Health programme implementation was uneven, and especially poor in self-settled and dispersed settlements. Conclusion Inequality in distribution of humanitarian support was observed across different settings, which could lead to a higher likelihood of water, food and air-related diseases and thereby, a poorer quality of life for IDPs. Ensuring standardized health assessments could promote a more even distribution of resources across IDP locations.
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Salihu, Dauda, Eliza M. L. Wong, and Rick Y. C. Kwan. "Effects of an African Circle Dance Programme on Internally Displaced Persons with Depressive Symptoms: A Quasi-Experimental Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020843.
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Background: Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are people who have been forced to flee their homes due to disasters. Depressive symptoms, at over 31–67%, are prevalent in IDPs in Africa. Despite the evidence for the benefits of the promotion of dance interventions on psychological health, supporting information is needed to outline the benefits of an African Circle Dance (ACD) intervention for IDPs in Africa. Methods: A quasi-experimental design (pre-/post-test) was employed. Two IDP camps were randomized into the intervention group (psychoeducation and ACD intervention) and the control group (psychoeducation). Adults aged ≥18 years, living in an IDP camp, able to perform brisk walking, and who scored ≥10 on a depressive symptoms subscale were recruited. The intervention group received an 8-week ACD dance intervention and two 1-h psychoeducation sessions on stress management; the controls only received the psychoeducation sessions. Outcomes were depressive symptoms, stress, and anxiety. Data were collected at baseline (T0), immediately after the intervention at week 8 (T1), and at week 12 (T2) at the post-intervention and follow-up session. A generalized estimating equation was used to test the effects of the ACD intervention, with a 0.05 significance level. Results: 198 IDPs completed the study (ncontrol = 98; nintervention = 100). The intervention group reported significantly greater improvements in depressive symptoms (v = 0.33, p < 0.001) and stress (v = 0.15, 0.008) than did the control group. Conclusions: ACD could be a valuable complementary intervention in health promotion but more research is needed.
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Kranz, Olaf, Anke Sachs, and Stefan Lang. "Assessment of environmental changes induced by internally displaced person (IDP) camps in the Darfur region, Sudan, based on multitemporal MODIS data." International Journal of Remote Sensing 36, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 190–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2014.999386.
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Obol, James, Kitara David Lagoro, and Orach Christopher Garimoi. "Knowledge and Misconceptions about Malaria among Pregnant Women in a Post-Conflict Internally Displaced Persons' Camps in Gulu District, Northern Uganda." Malaria Research and Treatment 2011 (September 14, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/107987.
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Background. In Uganda Malaria continues to be a major public health problem accounting for about 30–50% of all outpatient consultations and 35% of hospital admissions and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Pregnant women and their unborn children are vulnerable to malaria. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 20 postconflict IDP camps of Gulu district selected randomly as clusters. 769 pregnant women were interviewed. Results. The majority of the respondents 85% have ever heard about malaria. Most (80%) 571 respondent attributed malaria to be transmitted by mosquito bites, 15 said cold weather, 53 said dirt, and 35 said not sleeping under net. Most (91%) 683 respondents mentioned that malaria was caused by mosquito, 28 mentioned cold food, 3 mentioned playing in the rain, 19 mentioned cold weather, and 6 mentioned eating mangos. Conclusion. Most pregnant women in the post conflict IDP camps have relatively high knowledge about malaria transmission, signs, symptoms, and consequences during pregnancy. However, majority of respondents had misconception about the cause of malaria while a few had misconception about the mode of malaria transmission.
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Macleod, Colin K., Kamal Hashim Binnawi, Balgesa Elkheir Elshafie, Husam Eldin Sadig, Awad Hassan, Naomi Cocks, Rebecca Willis, Brian Chu, and Anthony W. Solomon. "Unimproved water sources and open defecation are associated with active trachoma in children in internally displaced persons camps in the Darfur States of Sudan." Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 113, no. 10 (July 26, 2019): 599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trz042.
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Abstract Purpose To estimate the proportion of children with trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) and adults with trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in internally displaced persons (IDP) camps in the Darfur States of Sudan and to evaluate associated risk factors. Methods IDP camps were identified from government census data. We conducted a subanalysis of data collected in these camps during 2014–2015 as part of surveys covering 37 districts of the Darfur States within the Global Trachoma Mapping Project. A random-effects hierarchical model was used to evaluate factors associated with TF in children or TT in adults. Results Thirty-six IDP camps were represented in the survey data, in which 1926 children aged 1–9 y were examined, of whom 38 (8%) had TF. Poor sanitation, younger age and living in a household that purchased water from a vendor were associated with TF in children aged 1–9 y. Of 2139 individuals examined aged ≥15 y, 16 (0.7%) had TT. TT was strongly independently associated with being older and living alone. Conclusion Trachoma is found at low levels in these camps, but still at levels where intervention is needed. Disease elimination in conflict-related settings presents a unique challenge for the trachoma community, and may require an innovative approach. Understanding how best to undertake trachoma elimination interventions in these areas should be prioritized.