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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'International Association for Labor Legislation'

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1

Choko, Maude. "La liberté d'association au Canada et la liberté syndicale à l'OIT : synonymes?" Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111565.

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On June 8, 2007, the Supreme Court of Canada [SCC] overruled its jurisprudence of the past twenty years on freedom of association. The majority of the judges agreed that section 2d) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects the right to the process to collective bargaining. In doing so, the SCC rejected the ratio of the majority enunciated in the 1987 trilogy and, at last, gave place to international labour law, in particular to freedom of association principles elaborated by the International Labour Organization's supervisory bodies. The analysis of these principles, focused on three related rights, i.e. the right to collective bargaining, the right to strike and the right not to associate, allows the author to conclude that for the first time, Canada is showing greater respect for its international obligations. What the SCC will decide for the right to strike remains to be seen.
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2

Downey, Michael J. "The incorporation of ILO Conventions into Hong Kong legislation and the implications for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38627796.

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3

Boutin, Karina. "L'utilité pratique du droit international dans la lutte contre le travail des enfants." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31152.

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In the world today, economic exploitation of children is one of the most intolerable attacks to humanity. Given the extent of the phenomenon, international action is necessary to ensure its elimination. In this regard, international law can play an important role as it can direct formulations of State policy. Unfortunately, despite numerous normative developments, child labour still exists. Therefore, the author suggests that international action be reoriented at two levels. Firstly, the current approach must be re-evaluated to take into account the social dimension of child labour. Education should be a key focus in the struggle against child labour since it can work to fight the diverse causes of the problem while offering young labourers an alternative. Secondly, as normative control mechanisms are deficient, international law should be completed by direct intervention to ensure education is put at centre stage. Only direct action lead by international and local partners will eliminate the economic exploitation of children.
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4

Beaumier, Jean-François. "L'application extraterritoriale des lois nationales incorporant des normes internationales du travail." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80910.

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Globalization has favoured a new type of business: Multinational Enterprises (MNE). MNE distinguish themselves from national businesses in the sense that they continue to be governed, in their relationship with their employees, by the national law where they operate. This contradictory dualism is the source of great tensions and uncertainties with regard to the future of national and international labour law standards. In a first part of this thesis, we study the International Labour Organization (ILO), which is the international body competent to adopt international standards and apply them. In the second part, we examine the phenomenon of national labour laws extraterritoriality and its manifestation in some jurisdictions. Finally, we explore the justifications put forward for the extraterritorial application of national laws, in particular when these national laws incorporate "fundamental" international labour standards.
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Guzmán, Lozano Luz María. "Female labour in Mexico : a legal analysis comparing international and domestic law." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99139.

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This thesis analyses the Mexican legal framework and the public policies implemented by the Mexican government regarding female labour from an international perspective. The position to be argued throughout the thesis is that the Mexican government has not fulfilled its international obligations derived from the treaties and international conventions that directly or indirectly provide for women's labour rights. The thesis proposes a number of legal reforms and public policies that once properly enforced and implemented by the Mexican government would provide for gender equality in the Mexican labour market.
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6

Tremblay, Simon 1979. "L'OIT et la responsabilisation extraterritoriale des états pour encadrer les activités des entreprises multinationales." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99153.

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The present thesis is a logical outgrowth of the author's realization that rapid market globalization, spearheaded by faceless multinational corporations, is at the root of widespread abuse of the developing world's labour force. The situation clearly calls for corrective action in the form of a normative framework of effective regulations. Such a regulatory framework must needs to be enforced by a respected and dynamic international organization. Our research on this topic leads us to believe that the International Labour Organization (ILO) would be in an excellent position to supervise a proactive strategy of this kind, directly or indirectly, as it has the political clout and history to compel multinational corporations to respect their workers' most basic rights. In order to establish our case, we examine the legal questions at stake in this case study. In particular, we address the key attributes of multinational corporations, the issue of territorial sovereignty, the tripartite system, and the need for national legislation in any strategy involving workers' rights vis-a-vis multinational corporations. Next, we summarize the current level of accountability that multinational corporations have to their cross-border labour force. We then go on to discuss the ILO, the organization at the core of our reflections on multinational corporations' current (lack of) workplace accountability. Our research leads us to conclude that the ILO has not only the power to play that role, but also the duty to do so.
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7

Tenailleau, Marie Amelie. "Etude des procédures de mise en œuvre des droits fondamentaux au travail : perspectives d'évolution du rôle de l'OIT dans le contexte de la mondialisation." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34013.

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In the context of economic globalisation, the unequal distribution of wealth among nations often leads to infringe fundamental workers' rights, so that it has become a major concern for politicians, scholars, jurists and NGOs. Therefore the question is how the social market can be regulated today. The ILO is the first international organisation that has dealt with workers' rights, especially fundamental rights, its goal being to protect workers universally. If its legitimacy had been unquestioned for years, it is shattered by external economic factors today: state's loss of power in regulating social relations, the emergence of new political counterbalances on the international scene---unknown by international public law---and self-governance by social labels or codes of conducts. The author will attempt, by a critical appraisal, to demonstrate that the ILO has its own constitutional and logistical means to implement fundamental workers' rights efficiently and independently: union freedom and collective negotiation, prohibition of hard labour, prohibition of child labour, prohibition of discrimination. According to the author, the ILO is undergoing an institutional transition. The latter is adapting to the new economic context. In Geneva centralised procedures are still very centralised but they are in the same time counterweighted by local actions or soft procedures. These more flexible and discrete procedures are the keystone of the ILO system of supervision to implement fundamental rights. Finally it is relevant to have a look at regional organisations which deal with those fundamental rights, as they have a special role in implementing the ILO fundamental rights.
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8

Ndung'u, Agnes. "The concept of decent work in a South African context." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1618.

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Work is a key component of people's lives and most people aspire to have work that is sufficient to provide a living wage so as to lift them out of poverty and social exclusion and also that is secure enough to guarantee a decent livelihood. The Decent Work Agenda has gained much popularity in recent years and proposes an approach to development that emphasizes fair and sustainable working opportunities that include principles of rights at work, social protection and social dialogue. Various issues have been raised in this study. Firstly, the decent work concept needs to be understood comprehensively as there is misconception about what the concept implies and what it can achieve. Secondly, it is acknowledged that there are huge decent work deficits in South Africa especially in the informal sector which impede on the advancement of people‟s conditions of living, cause people to live lives of poverty as well as deprive people of a life of dignity. This is despite decent work having a solid basis in labour legislation and also South Africa being bound by international law and principles concerning decent work. The study observes that reform in labour legislation is recommended to help overcome the decent work deficits. The ILO has proposed the Decent Work Country Programmes to help countries align their economic development goals with the international goal of the achievement of Decent Work for all. South Africa also has its own solutions such as the New Growth Path as well as other policies. The main issue however is how these policies can be implemented effectively and how decent work can be achieved against a backdrop of the socio – economic challenges that South Africa faces.
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9

Логвиненко, Микола Іванович, Николай Иванович Логвиненко, and Mykola Ivanovych Lohvynenko. "Примат міжнародного права над нормами українського законодавства про працю." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34010.

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Питання адаптації українського трудового законодавства до міжнародних стандартів викликає на сьогоднішній день надзвичайно великий інтерес, у зв’язку з активною роботою над проектом Трудового Кодексу України, який знаходиться вже в другому читанні. А також цей інтерес викликаний потребою у детальному дослідженні міжнародних договорів України та актів законодавства України про працю з метою виявлення колізій, прогалин та розробки методологічних основ їх подолання та вирішення. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34010
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10

Kalula, Evance. "Labour legislation and policy in a post-colonial state : attempts to incorporate trade unions in Zambia, 1971-86." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1988. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/110037/.

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This is a study of some of the major aspects of the development of post-colonial labour policy in Zambia. It examines the Zambian Government's attempts to 'incorporate' trade unions into its strategy of national development. Except for such later references as it was possible to include, it covers the period from 1971 to 1986. The purpose of the study is to examine the role played by law in the Zambian Government's attempts to incorporate trade unions and the rank and file sufficiently in the plans for national development. Zambian trade unions at independence were quite autonomous. Given the power and autonomy of trade unions, their attitude and approach have been viewed by the Government as crucial elements of national development. The Government has, therefore, progressively adopted measures aimed at the closer control and regulation of the trade union movement and its membership. In spite of such attempts, however, the approach in Zambia has been less coercive than in some other African countries. The Government has tended to rely on "pressure rather than force". In this context government reforms are examined in four key areas: the regulation of trade union activity, the restructuring of collective bargaining (including incomes policy), industrial conflict and dispute settlement procedures, and workers' participation. It is concluded that the Government has not achieved its stated major objectives. Although trade unions and their members have generally accepted the Government's overall authority to set the agenda of national development, they have resisted attempts to curtail their autonomy. It is on account of this failure that the Government now intends to integrate trade unions into the State completely.
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11

Dubin, Laurence. "La protection des normes sociales dans les échanges internationaux /." Aix-en-Provence : Presses Univ. d'Aix-Marseille, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/470253444.pdf.

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12

Jovanović, Marija. "Human trafficking, human rights and the right to be free from slavery, servitude and forced labour." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:438dfa89-492c-4882-b882-8f21a0f60e9e.

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The thesis engages with a dynamic discourse on the human rights approach to human trafficking. Building on the traditional doctrine of human rights, the thesis demonstrates that human trafficking is not a human rights violation, save for a state involvement in it, either directly or through a failure to observe its positive obligations imposed by the existent human rights. In situations that do engage human rights law, the thesis defends an argument that conceptually, human trafficking falls within a domain of the right to be free from slavery, servitude and forced labour. This argument is grounded in both a doctrinal and a conceptual analysis. In particular, the thesis conducts a unique conceptual and legal analysis of Article 4 of the European Convention of Human Rights offering an original interpretation of the concept of exploitation in the context of practices associated with trafficking and 'modern slavery'. This type of inquiry is missing in the existent scholarship. The thesis also conducts a detailed analysis of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights on positive obligations to protect vulnerable individuals arising out of 'absolute' rights. In addition to providing a complete analysis and classification of these positive obligations, the thesis draws attention to the important difference between the scope of the right and the scope of state responsibility in situations of private infringements of 'absolute' rights. Accordingly, the thesis demonstrates that whereas the prohibition contained in these rights is absolute for the state, positive obligations in situations of their infringements by private individuals are of a limited scope. The analysis of the jurisprudence of the Strasbourg Court is supplemented by a comprehensive discussion of the obligations established in the trafficking-specific instruments. The thesis explains how victim protection provisions contained in these instruments may inform human rights obligations, yet, it demonstrates that these do not represent such obligations on their own. This analysis provides a roadmap for practitioners and activists when arguing cases before the Strasbourg Court and domestically. In addition to this practical dimension, the thesis intends to provide an important contribution to the scholarship on human rights law, and on human trafficking specifically.
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13

Gorelli, Hernández Juan. "Delimiters of the right of vacations." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/107245.

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Among the different rights that workers are entitled to, the right to vacations has currently become one of the most relevant. However, many questions could be made regarding thesaid  entitlement:  What do we mean when we refer to vacations? Which are its mainelements? What is its purpose?In the present article, the author answers those questions in the light of several doctrinal studies, international legislation and constitutional jurisprudence. He also stresses the role the International Labor Organization Convention 132 plays on the matter, as well as the importance of the respect of freedom of association.
Entre los distintos derechos que el Derecho del Trabajo reconoce al trabajador, el derecho de vacaciones se ha constituido en uno de losmás relevantes actualmente. Ahora bien, al respecto pueden surgir ciertas interrogantes: ¿A qué nos referimos cuando hablamos de vacaciones?; ¿Cuáles son los elementos que la componen?; ¿Cuál es su finalidad?En el presente artículo, el autor responde estas y otras preguntas, a la luz de diversos estudios doctrinarios, legislación internacional y jurisprudencia constitucional. Destaca, asimismo, el papel que cumple el Convenio 132 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo y la importancia del respeto de la libertad sindical.
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14

Novoa-Cárdenas, María-Teresa. "“La eficacia de la obligación de sumisión a las autoridades nacionales competentes en el marco de la organización internacional del trabajo: un análisis del caso peruano en el periodo 2012-2016”." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad de Lima, 2017. http://repositorio.ulima.edu.pe/handle/ulima/4643.

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Siendo la obligación de sumisión un tema muy poco estudiado, sobre todo a nivel nacional, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar la obligación de sumisión y determinar su eficacia a partir del análisis del comportamiento del Estado peruano en relación con esta obligación durante el periodo 2012-2016
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15

Agulhas, Jaclyn Margaret. "International labour standards and international trade :can the two be linked?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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In this paper I delve into the connection between trade policy and labour rights as probably one of the most controversial issues, which the international trading system is faced with today. Labour laws differ from country to country and of course it is a cause for concern where some countries have higher standards than others, it becomes problematic for these countries with high standards to compete with countries with lower standards. Even though there is a definite link between trade and labour, my argument is that incorporating labour standards into the international trading system is not the best way forward to deal with the problem of abuse of labour standards.

I further investigate the two organizations at the forefront of this debate, being the WTO and the ILO. In an attempt to ascertain which of the two is the best forum to deal with the issue I further look at the relationship between these two organizations. Compliance with international labour standards is a growing concern as worldwide standards are deteriorating and nothing is being done to alleviate the problem. Accordingly, I explore the causes for the abuse of labour standards and seek to find the better alternative, by looking at the respective positions of the parties who are for and against the linkage of trade with labour standards. Here the views and concerns of the developed world are weighed up against those of the developing world and looking at possible alternatives concludes the paper.
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Musukubili, Felix Zingolo. "Towards an efficient Namibian labour dispute resolution system : compliance with international labour standards and a comparison with the South African system." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018942.

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The thesis examines the Namibian labour dispute resolution system by undertaking a comparative analysis of South African and international labour standards. It describes the legal provisions that exist for the effective and efficient resolution of labour disputes through an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) system, which is given recognition in national labour legislation, and in a number of international labour standards and regional labour instruments. It argues for the provision of a proactive and expeditious dispute resolution system that helps to resolve labour disputes in the most effective and efficient manner, without necessarily having to resort to the courts. The study examines the provisions of relevant international labour standards on labour dispute resolution to ascertain their adequacy as part frameworks that apply to Namibia and South Africa’s obligation to provide ADR systems that respond to the needs of the labour relations community. It is argued that ratifying particular ILO conventions creates obligations to comply with their provisions, and to apply them in national legislation and in practice. It is further argued that by having ratified those international labour standards that provide for ADR, Namibia assumes specific obligations under international law, enjoining the country to provide the required ADR system of conciliation and arbitration, which is credible and trusted by disputants and the general public. A comparative approach is adopted, which relies on primary and secondary sources of data, thereby undertaking an in-depth content analysis. The focus of the comparison is on whether the South African ADR system can inform Namibia’s application of its newly adopted ADR system. South Africa has a labour dispute resolution system that has influenced Namibian labour law, prompting Namibia to borrow its ADR system from South Africa’s advanced Commission for Conciliation Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA). In this sense, it is submitted that there are fundamental similarities and differences in the two respective systems. Ideally, disputes should be resolved at conciliation level, resulting in the minority of disputes being referred to arbitration or the Labour Court. In terms of implementation, it is argued that despite the international obligation and commitment to provide and make available free and expeditious ADR services, there are gaps that exist between the legal framework regulating the ADR system and the application thereof in practice, making the attainment of effective and efficient labour dispute resolution difficult. Disputes should be resolved as quickly and informally as possible, with little or no procedural technicalities, and without allowing them to drag on indefinitely, offering immediate solutions instead. This is far from the reality of the situation. In contrast, the study found that although the Labour Act, 2007 and the South African Labour Relations Act (LRA) have brought statutory dispute resolution within the reach of the ordinary worker, these Acts may have compounded the problems relating to dispute resolution in the respective countries. The statutes in question have created sophisticated systems of dispute resolution in which most role players are seen as failing to operate as a result of the complex and technical processes of dealing with disputes. For this reason, the author proposes several remedial interventions that look to the future and the continued provision of fast, effective and user-friendly ADR services. Solving these problems and making effective and efficient labour dispute resolution a reality calls for renewed commitment from government and social partners and investment in appropriate human and financial resources. This requires a strong political will as well as concerted efforts from all role players in the labour relations community in the two respective countries.
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Chatton, Gregor T. "Die Verknüpfung von Handel und Arbeitsmenschenrechten innerhalb der WTO : politisches Scheitern und rechtliche Perspektiven /." Geneve : Schulthess, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014174911&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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18

White, Kirk. "The Development of IAM District Lodge 776 in Fort Worth, Texas, 1942-1946: A Case Study in the Growth of Organized Labor During World War II." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2205/.

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This thesis concentrates on a local union of the International Association of Machinists (IAM), District Lodge 776, of Fort Worth, Texas, during the war years. The main argument of the thesis runs along three basic lines. First, it demonstrates that the experiences of the Fort Worth Machinists clearly fit into the national labor movement during the war years. Second, it argues that the existence, survival, and strength of the union depended greatly on outside forcesan expanding national economy, a powerful national union, and a generally labor-friendly government. Third, it shows that union officers and rank-and-file members used their bases of strengththe national economy, the national IAM, and the federal governmentto build an effective local labor organization.
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Beya, Siku. "Réglement des litiges individuels en droits belge et congolais du travail." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211072.

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Dans le règlement des litiges individuels, les droits belge et congolais du travail gagneraient en effectivité en l’absence du recours au juge. Tel est le sujet de notre thèse.

Deux facteurs en justifient la vérification :d’une part, la priorité que la législation du travail réserve aujourd’hui à la question de l’emploi ;et d’autre part, l’intérêt croissant de nos jours pour les modes alternatifs de règlement des litiges individuels.

Envisagée en droits belge et congolais du travail, la réflexion théorique, qui y occupe une place importante, y est menée à renfort d’illustrations tirées dans ces deux droits.

En donner un résumé, c’est présenter un exposé synthétique du point de vue y développé autant qu’indiquer le chemin parcouru pour l’asseoir. Si, en règle, celui-ci, « démarche universitaire » oblige, passe par des détours que nécessite la vérification du sujet énoncé au titre de thèse, c’est autant faire preuve de synthèse que de les faire coïncider aux parties qui en constituent, si l’on peut dire, la charpente.

Notre travail comprend deux parties :la première porte sur la notion de litige individuel en droits civil et du travail ;la seconde a trait à l’office du juge en cas de litiges individuels en droit du travail. Cette division de notre ouvrage emporte un préjugé :elle implique qu’en soi les litiges individuels n’ont pas partie liée avec le recours au juge. Ce qui, en somme, est dans la ligne du point de vue que nous y défendons.

Parler de la notion de litige, d’abord, en droit civil se recommande dans la mesure où cette branche du droit est considérée comme la charte fondamentale des rapports qui se forment entre hommes, abstraction faite de leur profession. L’optique ainsi choisie augure d’une notion de litige individuel large et de sa portabilité en droit du travail ;sauf, bien sûr, à en donner la mesure dans cette branche du droit.

Faute d’une théorie générale des litiges, on peut évoquer leurs sens courants. Si ceux-ci sont à décliner dans la mesure où ils entretiennent une synonymie entre la notion de litige et les initiatives qui s’y associent, c’est, en revanche, l’élément de fond dont celles-ci ne sont qu’une manifestation qu’il faut considérer pour identifier la notion de litige.

A cette fin, la doctrine de droit civil qui l’analyse comme condition de la transaction se révèle pertinente :elle l’assimile à « un doute générateur d’une incertitude psychologique qui détermine les parties litigantes à y mettre fin, c’est-à-dire à supprimer ce que la situation peut avoir, en fait, d’aléatoire ou d’incertain ».

La liaison, mais aussi implicitement, le distinguo, que cette doctrine établit ainsi entre le litige, objet de la transaction, et le doute qu’il génère dans l’exercice et la jouissance des droits sont à ce point étroits qu’aux yeux d’aucuns, et selon la jurisprudence, les deux notions se confondent.

C’est fort de ce point de vue que nous retenons que « avoir un litige », ou comme on dit, « être en litige », c’est être en mal d’exercer un droit ou d’en jouir.

Pour valoir, cette formule définitoire, participant d’une logique des droits et obligations clairement définis doit être soumise à un test de faisabilité. Double test, en somme, auquel convient, d’une part, la prédominance d’une logique de l’intérêt dans le droit civil d’aujourd’hui, et, d’autre part, une survivance de la solidarité clanique dans la société congolaise, qui, toutes les deux y infusent une logique aux antipodes de ses postulats traditionnellement individualistes. Test doublement réussi, tant il s’avère que cette logique, qu’illustre notamment la montée en puissance du principe général de bonne foi, ne participe en soi que d’une condition de validité de l’exercice et de la jouissance d’un droit :elle tient de l’impératif de solidarité que requiert la vie en société et n’est guère source de conflictualité.

Si la dimension collective que cette logique tend à imprimer au droit civil semble un développement récent, elle est, en revanche, le propre du droit du travail comme le vérifie la logique, à la fois, statutaire et institutionnelle, dans laquelle s’inscrit sa mise en œuvre.

Logique statutaire, en ce que la nature d’ordre public et impérative de l’essentiel de la législation du travail, assorti de la sanction de nullité, induit la reconnaissance, dans le chef des salariés, d’un seuil minimum de droits intangible. Dans la même optique, il faut mentionner la récurrence du modèle contractuel de travail à durée indéterminée en cas de violation des normes que prescrivent divers régimes d’emploi. Cette manière, curative, du droit du travail de pourvoir à son application profile une identité collective des salariés. Elle fait de la notion de contrat de travail le critère qui, tel un sésame, leur permet d’accéder à quelque droit que leur confère leur état.

A cette logique statutaire s’associe une logique institutionnelle, qui va primant l’autonomie collective dans la relation de travail salarié. En témoignent la préséance donnée aux normes émargeant de l’autonomie collective dans la hiérarchie des sources de droit du travail, la plénitude de compétence reconnue aux commissions paritaires en matière de travail, l’intégration automatique des clauses normatives individuelles des conventions collectives dans les contrats de travail.

Cette complexité de la logique, qui caractérise les droits belge et congolais du travail, nous incline à affirmer que la notion de litige individuel y implique une quête d’effectivité du statut de salariés à la quelle pourvoit l’autonomie collective.

Cette allégation, en lien avec la notion de litige individuel, qui se distingue de quelque initiative qu’elle commande, tel l’exercice d’un action judiciaire, évoquée en droit civil, est un premier jalon dans la vérification de notre thèse.

- Et si, partant, le règlement des litiges individuels n’était plus judiciaire en droits belge et congolais du travail ?

Cette interrogation est la trame principale de la seconde partie de notre thèse. Et, pour autant que les propos que nous y tenons s’apparentent à une analyse critique des règles sur base desquelles le juge opère, elle coïncide à un discours qui va stigmatisant les limites posées à son office et les contraintes procédurales sous lesquelles il ploie. Ce discours, nous ne pouvons en faire état sans au préalable présenter le cadre dans lequel le juge accomplit son office ;cadre qui, balisé, signale une espèce de « suspicion légitime » dont celui-ci fait l’objet dès lors qu’il s’agit de régler les litiges individuels en droit du travail. En effet, au-delà de la diversité des formes d’organisation des juridictions du travail se profile une identité dans leurs principes recteurs :priorité donnée à la conciliation préalable ;participation des partenaires sociaux à la juridiction. Ces principes ne vont pas sans perpétuer l’éthique en vigueur dans les institutions à l’origine des juridictions du travail :concilier d’abord, ne juger que le cas échéant.

Se pose, dès lors, la question de savoir ce qui, en réalité, détermine les litigants à recourir au juge.

Recourir au juge implique au préalable un choix, c’est-à-dire deux alternatives réalisables l’une à défaut de l’autre :entamer une action judiciaire en est une ;ne pas l’entamer en est une autre qui, tout autant que la première, est une expression de la liberté. Reste que le choix effectué dans tel ou tel sens participe d’un délibéré préalable et qu’il est dès lors possible de comprendre l’attitude des litigants face au juge en considérant les éléments qui y interfèrent.

C’est à ce niveau que les syndicats jouent un rôle important :d’abord, parce que, le plus souvent, ce sont les salariés, en tant qu’individus, qui sont parties au litige ;ensuite, parce que l’attitude concrète des syndicats dans le domaine judiciaire est influencée par la sensibilité ouvrière face au juge. La pratique syndicale implique donc quelque stratégie face au juge ;cette métaphore militaire, belliciste, s’entendant de « l’art de faire évoluer une armée sur un théâtre d’opérations jusqu’au moment où elle entre en contact avec l’ennemi ».

Deux stratégies correspondent à ce choix :d’une part, l’évitement du juge, stratégie défensive de l’acquis social à laquelle contribuent la représentation du droit et du juge dans la doctrine syndicale ainsi qu’une mentalité « photosynthétique » qui reprouvent lenteurs et rituels judiciaires ;et, d’autre part, le recours judiciaire, stratégie offensive, conséquence de l’inefficacité de la concertation sociale qu’illustre, notamment, la « processualisation » des conflits collectifs en droit belge du travail.

Les deux stratégies se recommandent, respectivement, de la dogmatique syndicale et d’un pragmatisme judiciaire. Modèles théoriques d’interprétation d’un fait, elles ne sont guère une transcription de la réalité :elles s’entendent des types idéaux, sortes de prismes réfléchissants à travers lesquels celle-ci peut être comprise. Les stratégies vantées auraient une telle valeur heuristique qu’elles n’éludent pas la question de l’efficacité de l’office du juge.

Le juge est-il compétent ?Posée autrement, cette question revient à celle de savoir si le juge, eu égard à ses pouvoirs, est apte à pourvoir à l’effectivité du droit du travail en cas de litiges individuels.

Franchement, le juge l’est-il lorsque, par exemple, malgré la qualification d’une relation contractuelle en une relation de travail salarié et la reconnaissance subséquente au travailleur de la qualité de salarié, il ne peut contraindre la personne qui l’emploie à conclure un contrat de travail ?Certes, il allouera une indemnité compensatoire, puisque telle est la règle de droit, intangible, s’agissant d’une obligation de faire. Mais pour autant que, et cela fait, le droit à une certaine sécurité de l’emploi qu’implique le statut de salariés aura été effectif ?On peut en douter.

C’est qu’en règle, le juge ne dispose que d’une maîtrise restreinte du contentieux :il ne connaît que de l’objet de la demande. Ce qui lui revient c’est d’appliquer aux faits soumis à son appréciation la règle de droit exacte ;la détermination de la demande relevant du pouvoir des litigants ;il ne peut suppléer aux motifs que ceux-ci invoquent qu’en se fondant sur ceux dont il est régulièrement saisi ;sauf bien sûr lorsqu’il y va d’une question d’ordre public ou en cas d’erreurs ou de fraudes.

A cette limite fonctionnelle posée à son office s’associe celle qu’impliquent les règles procédurales. Prescrites à peine de nullité, celles-ci commandent un déroulement spécifique, limité de l’action qui amène nécessairement à une conclusion déterminée », à savoir le jugement. Dès lors figent-elles juges et litigants dans un rôle précis et vont, de la sorte, amplifiant, dans leur chef, une logique de confrontation à l’opposé de l’objectif de résorption des litiges auquel elles sont en soi vouées comme l’indique, dans la pratique judiciaire, la dévaluation de la tentative de conciliation obligatoire préalable qu’à la qui va vite les litigants déclinent pour se livrer aux débats judiciaires.

Doublement limité, comme nous venons de relever, l’office du juge se réduit alors à celui de garde fou de l’utilisation déloyale par certains plaideurs des règles de procédure ;son rôle ne consistant finalement qu’à filtrer la demande :au fond, il n’est que de peu d’apport dans le règlement des litiges.

Ne serait-il pas inintéressant d’envisager d’autres mécanismes de leur prise en charge intégrale par un tiers qui se dispense des contraintes qui pèsent sur lui ?La souplesse du processus auquel il apportera son expertise, le large pouvoir d’instruction dont il disposera, l’originalité des pistes de solution qu’il proposera seront autant d’atouts de son efficacité.

C’est à cette fin, que nous prônons le recours à la médiation comme mode de règlement des litiges individuels en droit du travail :processus confidentiel, librement consenti par les litigants qui recourent à un tiers dont le rôle est de les aider à élaborer eux-mêmes une entente équitable qui intègre leurs attentes respectives. Comme l’avoue Henri FUNCK, Président du tribunal du travail de Bruxelles :« (…) seules les parties (…), détiennent la clé de la solution à leur litige ;et les solutions elle-mêmes sont multiples. Un tiers attentif et bienveillant pour chacune des parties peut, en jouant comme le rôle de miroir, faciliter l’avènement de la solution ».

De ce point de vue, les expériences de médiation que mènent, en Belgique, certains Tribunaux du travail, comme ceux de Bruxelles et de Verviers, ainsi que la Cour du travail d’Anvers, méritent d’être encouragées.

L’espace social congolais est lui aussi un terrain propice à la pratique de la médiation, comme le montre son succès dans certains milieux :cercles des diamantaires, groupes charismatiques ou de prières, ou encore, sous l’instigation des associations luttant pour la défense des Droits de l’Homme, des organisations informelles chargées de trancher les litiges comme au marché Tomba dans la commune de Matete à Kinshasa.

L’idéal serait toutefois que ces pratiques soient légalisées, comme elles le sont à l’étranger, notamment en France. Il faut alors souhaiter l’adoption de la proposition de loi déposée à cet effet au Parlement belge par les députés Clotilde NYSSENS et Christian BROTCORNE. Au législateur congolais de prendre lui aussi une telle initiative.


Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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20

David, Ana Paula Sawaya Pereira do Vale Bernardes. "A influência da consciência coletiva na concretização das normas internacionais do direito do trabalho." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21422.

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This thesis analyzes the formation of a "collective conscience" that favors the protection of labor rights not only in the internal sphere of each country, but in an international scope. In this way, by deepening the mechanisms of action of the International Organizations, especially the ILO, it will be avoided that strictly economic interests overlap with the interests of the vast majority of the world population that needs human rights implementations. second generation, namely, social rights. The strengthening of this conscious collective conscience necessarily involves the strengthening of international organizations, the revision of the perception of national states about their limitations and the extent of sovereignty. It also stresses the importance of a more direct dialogue between international bodies and social actors that have gained relevance during the twentieth century, namely individuals and large business and economic conclomerates
Esta tese analisa a formação de uma “consciência coletiva” que favoreça a proteção dos direitos trabalhistas não apenas na esfera interna de cada país, mas em âmbito internacional. Com isso, aprofundando os mecanismos de atuação das Organizações Internacionais, em especial da Organização Mundial do Trabalho – OIT, evitar-se-á que os interesses estritamente econômicos se sobreponham aos interesses da grande maioria da população mundial que necessita de implementações dos direitos humanos de segunda geração, quais sejam, os direitos sociais. O fortalecimento deste consciente coletivo protetivo passa necessariamente pelo próprio fortalecimento das organizações internacionais, pela revisão da percepção dos Estados nacionais sobre suas limitações e sobre a amplitude da soberania. Sobreleva, ainda, a importância de um diálogo mais direto entre os órgãos internacionais e atores sociais que ganharam relevância no decorrer do século XX, quais sejam, os indivíduos e os grandes conclomerados empresariais e econômicos
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21

Príncipe, Carlos Eduardo. "Adoção do sistema de pluralidade sindical como forma de valorização e reconhecimento incondicional da liberdade sindical no Brasil." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21596.

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The present thesis aims to demonstrate that the Brazilian trade union system based on the single trade union principle is "frozen" in time and inconsistent with the plural trade union model which is recommended by democratic systems, and which has made full freedom of association real as a mainstay of the working class’s expression. Thus, through a bibliographical research, a historical retrospective was conducted of the birth and development of the Brazilian trade union movement up to the advent of the 1988 Federal Constitution, which marked the definitive break from the military dictatorship’s "years of lead", and consolidated the democratic regime in our country, but – upon a decision by the Constitutional Assembly – preserved the single trade union model, and did not opt for broad union freedom. Thus, a statistical view of unionization in Brazil – based on IBGE data - is provided, and a comparison is made with union costs. In parallel, the importance of the International Labor Organization and its main conventions is described with highlights on the trade union structure in other countries, which could serve as a paradigm for implementation of a plural trade union system. Then, a survey was conducted on the advances and retrocessions that occurred after the 1988 Constitution was enacted, both in the legislative and judicial fields, and the legal advances made under the recently enacted "Labor Reform" Law. The examination of this institutional scenario points to the conclusion that, in view of the democratic principles set forth in the Constitution, the adoption a plural trade union system imposes itself as way of valuing and unconditionally recognizing trade union freedom of association
A presente tese objetiva demonstrar que o sistema sindical brasileiro lastreado no princípio da unicidade sindical encontra-se “estacionado” no tempo em descompasso com o regime da pluralidade sindical preconizado pelos regimes democráticos e que concretizou de forma plena a liberdade sindical, enquanto esteio de manifestação da classe trabalhadora. Assim por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica fez-se inicialmente uma retrospectiva histórica do nascimento e crescimento do movimento sindical brasileiro até o advento da Constituição Federal de 1988, a qual cristaliza o rompimento definitivo com os “anos de chumbo” representados pela ditadura militar, ao consolidar o regime democrático em nosso país, porém, por vontade da Assembleia Constituinte manteve o regime de unicidade sindical ao invés de se optar pela liberdade sindical ampla. Efetuamos um levantamento do panorama estatístico da sindicalização no Brasil com dados do IBGE, fazendo-se um contraponto com as fontes de custeio dos sindicatos. De forma paralela descreve-se a importância da Organização Internacional de Trabalho e suas principais convenções, destacando-se a estrutura sindical em outros países que poderão servir de paradigma na implantação do sistema de pluralidade sindical. Na sequência, efetua-se um levantamento dos avanços e retrocessos havidos após a Constituição de 1988, tanto no campo legislativo, como no jurisdicional, e os avanços jurídicos propiciados pela recente Lei denominada “Reforma Trabalhista”. Com o desenhar deste cenário institucional, concluiu-se que diante dos princípios democráticos que imantam a Carta Magna, a adoção do sistema de pluralidade sindical se impõe como forma de valorização e reconhecimento incondicional da liberdade sindical
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22

Prat, Ramon Maria Immaculada. "La ejecución de sentencias en el ámbito del derecho del trabajo: en particular la ejecución de sentencias por despido." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/386477.

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Es difícil sintetizar en quinientas palabras, la presente Tesis Doctoral. Se parte del proceso ejecutivo como base de la explicación de la institución de la ejecución, contemplado en la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil (LEC) de 1/2000, de 7 de enero, que tiene carácter supletorio, respecto de la L.R.J.S. Se estudia la ejecución laboral, regulada en la vigente Ley Reguladora de la Jurisdicción Social (L.R.J.S.), en sus dos fases: ejecución provisional y ejecución definitiva. En la presente Tesis se tratan por un lado, las novedades que afectan a la ejecución como procedimiento: la figura del Secretario Judicial y la reforma efectuada por Ley 13/2009, y su nueva resolución procesal: el decreto y la posibilidad de dictar resoluciones orales. Por otro lado, se trata la incidencia de la Ley 22/2003 Concursal (modificada por Ley 38/2011) y su carácter controvertido en la ejecución laboral. Es de destacar, igualmente, la nueva configuración del Fondo de Garantía Salarial. La novedad de la reforma de la sustitución del despido por sanción y su tratamiento en la ejecución. Los distintos tipos de procesos en la ejecución: Ejecución de sentencias en materia de Seguridad Social; ejecución de sentencias de despido con especial referencia a los despidos colectivos y recientes sentencias del TS; ejecución de sentencias de conflicto colectivo y novedosa posibilidad de transacción en la ejecución. Hay una referencia a la ejecución laboral internacional. Finalmente constan las conclusiones a las que he llegado.
És difícil sintetitzar en cinc-centes paraules, la present tesi doctoral. Es parteix del procés executiu com a base de l'explicació de la institució de l'execució, previst en la Llei d'Enjudiciament Civil (LEC) de 1/2000, de 7 de gener, que té caràcter supletori, respecte de la LRJS. S'estudia el execució laboral, regulada en la vigent Llei Reguladora de la Jurisdicció Social (LRJS), en les seves dues fases: execució provisonal i execució definitiva. En la present Tesi es tracten d'una banda, les novetats que afecten a l'execució com a procediment: la figura del secretari judicial i la reforma efectuada per Llei 13/2009, i la seva nova resolució processal: el decreto.y la possibilitat de dictar resolucions orals. D'altra banda, es tracta la incidència de la Llei 22/2003 Concursal (modificada per Llei 38/2011) i el seu caràcter controvertit en l'execució laboral. És de destacar, igualment, la nova configuració del Fons de Garantia Salarial. La novetat de la reforma de la substitució de l'acomiadament per sanció i el seu tractament en l'execució. Els diferents tipus de processos en l'execució: Ejecucion de sentències en matèria de Seguretat Social; execució de sentències d'acomiadament amb especial referència als acomiadaments col·lectius i recents sentències del TS; execució de sentències de conflicte col·lectiu i nova possibilitat de transacció en l'execució. Hi ha una referència a l'execució laboral internacional. Finalment consten les conclusions a què he arribat.
It is difficult to summarize in five hundred words, this PhD thesis. It is part of the executive process as a basis for explaining the institution of execution, provided for in the Code of Civil Procedure (LEC) 1/2000 of 7 January, which has additionally, regarding the LRJS. Provisonal final execution and performance: the work execution, regulated in the current law regulating the Social Jurisdiction (LRJS), in its two phases is studied. In this thesis are discussed on the one hand, developments affecting the implementation and procedure: the figure of the Clerk and the reform introduced by Law 13/2009 and further procedural order: the decreto.y the possibility of issuing resolutions oral. On the other hand, the incidence of Bankruptcy Act 22/2003 (as amended by Law 38/2011) and its controversial character in the work execution is. It is noteworthy, too, the new configuration of the Wage Guarantee Fund. The novelty of the reform of the replacement of the dismissal sanction and its treatment in execution. The different types of processes in execution: enforcement of judgments in matters of social security; enforcement of judgments of dismissal with particular reference to collective and recent judgments of TS layoffs; enforcement of judgments collective action and innovative potential transaction execution. There is a reference to international labor execution. Finally comprise the conclusions I have reached.
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23

Давиденко, А. О., and A. O. Davydenko. "Правове регулювання охорони праці на підприємствах зі шкідливими умовами праці: порівняльно-правовий аспект : дисертація." Thesis, Харків, 2020. https://youtu.be/YOWjJzEmMgU.

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Давиденко, А. О. Правове регулювання охорони праці на підприємствах зі шкідливими умовами праці: порівняльно-правовий аспект : дис. ... д-ра філос.: 081, 08 / Андрій Олександрович Давиденко; МВС України, Харків. нац. ун-т внутр. справ. - Харків, 2020. - 216 с.
У дисертації наведено теоретичне узагальнення та нове вирішення наукового завдання, яке полягає у тому, щоб з’ясувати сутність та особливості правового регулювання охорони праці на підприємствах зі шкідливими умовами праці, а також спираючись на позитивний вітчизняний та зарубіжний досвід встановити напрямки удосконалення організаційних та правових засад охорони праці на вказаних підприємствах. Аргументовано, що вся глибина інституту охорони праці на підприємствах зі шкідливими умовами праці проявляється у «тріумвіраті» наступних аспектів: його сутності, змісту та особливостях. При цьому визначено, що сутність охорони праці в організаціях де працю поєднано із шкідливими умовами складають три групи правовідносин, а саме: відносини які виникають в рамках укладення трудового договору, надання працівникам пільг за шкідливі умови праці на підприємстві, а також відносини в сфері матеріально-технічного забезпечення працівників.
The dissertation provides a theoretical generalization and a new solution to the scientific problem, which is to clarify the nature and features of the legal regulation of labor protection in enterprises with harmful working conditions, as well as based on positive domestic and foreign experience to establish ways to improve the organizational and legal framework of labor protection in these enterprises. It is argued that the whole depth of the institute of labor protection in enterprises with harmful working conditions is manifested in the "triumvirate" of the following aspects: its essence, content and features. With It is determined that the essence of labor protection in organizations where work is combined with harmful conditions are three groups of legal relations, namely: relations arising under the employment contract, providing benefits to employees for harmful working conditions at the enterprise, as well as relations in logistics employees.
В диссертации приведено теоретическое обобщение и новое решение научной задачи, которое заключается в том, чтобы выяснить сущность и особенности правового регулирования охраны труда на предприятиях с вредными условиями труда, а также опираясь на положительный отечественный и зарубежный опыт установить направления совершенствования организационных и правовых основ охраны труда на указанных предприятиях. Аргументировано, что вся глубина института охраны труда на предприятиях с вредными условиями труда проявляется в «триумвирате» следующих аспектов: его сущности, содержания и особенностях. при этом определено, что сущность охраны труда в организациях, где труд сопряжен с вредными условиями составляют три группы правоотношений, а именно: отношения возникающие в рамках заключения трудового договора, предоставления работникам льгот за вредные условия труда на предприятии, а также отношения в сфере материально-технического обеспечения работников.
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JONES, Claire Louise. "The ILO, freedom of association and trade unions in the United Kingdom : its past and likely future impact." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5525.

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Okharedia, Akhabue Anthony. "The legal implications of harmonising labour laws in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/7762.

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The purpose of this research is to explore the need for, and the legal implications of, harmonising labour laws in the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Chapter One highlights a number of factors that call for the harmonisation of labour laws in the SADC region and discusses some of the reasons why labour laws are not well developed in the region. The influence of globalisation on labour standards in southern Africa and the influence of regionalism on the harmonisation of labour laws are discussed at length. The inference that could be drawn from this discussion is that for a regionalisation process in southern Africa to be successful, there is an urgent need to harmonise the region’s labour law system. This thesis confirms that Southern Africa has many lessons to learn from the regional harmonisation of labour law in the European Economic Community and the current European Union. The implementation of international labour standards in southern Africa is investigated. The main areas examined include (1) freedom of association, (2) collective bargaining, (3) forced labour and (4) discrimination. The findings of this investigation show that there is no uniformity in the implementation of International Labour Organisation (ILO) standards in the SADC region and, therefore, it is recommended labour law should be harmonised in terms of ILO standards. In respect of the benefits to be derived from the harmonisation process, an empirical investigation was conducted in the SADC region and the following is recommended: the harmonisation of labour law in the SADC region will help with the implementation of ILO standards, protection of workers against the economic power of employers in the workplace and maintaining similar benefits for migrants in the region.
Mercantile law
LL.D.
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"Labour practices in South Africa and Korea : a comparative study against international labour organisation standards." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3465.

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M.Comm.
The purpose of this study is to compare and contrast, through a literature review, the compliance of the Republic of Korea (ROK) and the Republic of South Africa to the minimum labour standards of the International Labour Standards (ILO). The minimum standards are established as the core labour standards, embodied in the eight fundamental conventions. The ROK and South Africa’s labour laws and labour practices are benchmarked against the ILO’s International Labour Standards (ILS) in order to compare these practices and to establish if these labour standards comply with the minimum standards set by the ILO. The propositions stated are: that the ROK and South African labour standards differ, that South African labour standards comply with the minimum labour standards of the ILO; and that ROK labour standards do not comply with the minimum standards of the ILO. The propositions were verified. The ILO standards are described in order to identify the minimum rules set by the core labour standards as embodied in the eight fundamental conventions. The two countries’ labour relations histories, labour laws, labour relations institutions and rule making strategies are described as part of the labour practices in these countries. The labour practices in each country are analysed and benchmarked against the ILO ILS in order to identify an inconsistency between law and practice. In South Africa, the Constitution includes all international laws when interpreting South African law. The only exceptions are when the Constitution or when an act of Parliament specifically excludes the contents of such a law. The conclusion is that South Africa complies with ILO ILS. In the ROK, the labour practices such as the right to the freedom of association and collective bargaining of non-permanent workers, as well as the exclusion of certain categories of workers are areas of concern.
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Massyn, Clive. "The employment contract in private international law." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10761.

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LL.M. (International Commercial Law)
“It is in this very context of employment relationships which have a cross-border dimension that conflict of law between individual legislative systems in the area of employment law raise complex questions of law. One of the consequences of this is that they often present the courts … which are called upon to determine the law applicable to an employment contract with considerable problems. Alongside the customary difficulties associated with interpreting the employment contract comes the uncertainty as to what the best approach is to determining the applicable law. These difficulties in judicial practice are on the increase as it becomes more common for workers to be posted, more EU citizens avail themselves of the freedom of movement for workers and more undertakings enter into relationships with firms overseas or operate places of business in other countries. The – temporary or indefinite – posting of large numbers of employees has become an important aspect of international economic relations, not only within the European internal market but, more generally, throughout the world. It is for that very reason that there is an urgent need for conflict of law rules which offer the contracting parties foreseeable solutions to the numerous problems that affect employment relationships...”Like Advocate General Trstenjak, South African writers are not ignorant of the complications that international contracts of employment bring. As correctly pointed out by Calitz, globalisation has resulted in many South African employees increasingly working for South African employers outside of South Africa and the determination of any disputes that may arise in these unique employment relationships requires the application of conflict of laws. This is problematic and the present author submits that there is a lacuna in South African private international law in respect of employment contracts involving a foreign element. A number of factors have contributed to this gap in South African private international law, namely the infrequency with which judges in South African courts have been called upon to determine such issues.
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Bastine, Nicholas Adeti. "The relevance of freedom of association for Ghanaian labour law /." 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ71639.

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Thesis (LL. M.)--York University, 2000.
Typescript. "Graduate Programme in Law." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-179). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ71639.
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RODRIGUEZ-PINERO, Luis. "Between policy and law : the International Labour Organisation and the emergence of the international regime on indigenous peoples (1919-1989)." Doctoral thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4764.

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30

Ramaotwana, Ramaotwana Nelson. "Freedom of association in the disciplined forces of the republic of Botswana: a comparative analysis between the laws regulating labour relations in Botswana's discliplined forces and South African security services / Ramaotwana Ramaotwana Nelson." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/14295.

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Another facet of this case concerns the restriction of the applicants' choice as regards the trade unions which they could form of their own volition. An individual does not enjoy the right to freedom of association if in reality the freedom of action or choice which remains available to him is either non-existent or so reduced as to be of no practical value. Jayawickrama The principal objective for this study is to investigate the prohibition and/or the effectiveness of freedom of association in the disciplined forces in Botswana as contrasted with the laws and practices in South Africa. The study aims to explore whether freedom of association exists in the disciplined forces of the Republic of Botswana; and if it does, how effective it is, and if it does not exist, whether such non-existence infringes the human rights of the disciplined forces to enjoy the fundamental rights to form and join trade unions of their choice as provided for in section 13(1) of the Constitution of Botswana. The study finds that the right to form or belong to a trade union 1s an absolute right in terms of section 13(1) of the Constitution. The study therefore surmises that the exclusion of trade unions in the disciplined forces of Botswana is not reasonably justified in a democratic society, thereby rendering section 24 of the Police Act, section 35 of the Prisons Act and Regulation 75 of the Botswana Defense Force unconstitutional.
Thesis (LLM) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2013
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MCGEEHAN, Nicholas Lawrence. "The marginalization of slavery in international law." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/29600.

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Defence date: 7 October 2013
Examining Board: Professor Martin Scheinin, European University Institute (EUI Supervisor); Professor Dirk Moses, European University Institute; Professor James C. Hathaway, University of Michigan; Professor Siobhan Mullally, University College Cork.
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
This thesis proposes that the creation of the norms prohibiting forced labour and trafficking in persons did not reflect lacunae in the international legal system, and that their codification into international law has created legal confusion that obstructs the achievement of the object and purpose of the original 1926 Slavery Convention: the legal abolition and suppression of slavery. It seeks to describe how these norms were introduced into international law, to explain why the international community deemed them necessary, and to examine the legacy of their codification, as legal scholars, human rights organisations, and domestic and international courts struggle to explain, for example, how forced labour is different from slavery, or how the human rights law norms prohibiting slavery, forced labour and servitude relate to the more recently codified norm prohibiting trafficking in persons.
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JONES, Emma L. "Protecting the unprotected worker? : the re-regulation of agency work." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4667.

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Defence date: 15 January 2005
Examining board: Prof. Silvana Sciarra (Supervisor, European University Institute) ; Prof. Marie-Ange Moreau (European University Institute) ; Prof. Bob Hepple (University of Cambridge) ; Prof. Alan C. Neal (University of Warwick)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Lyonnais-Bourque, Maude. "Encadrement de la grève et restrictions à la négociation collective : impact de la Trilogie de 2015 de la Cour suprême du Canada." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20731.

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VIELLE, Pascale. "Le cout indirect des responsabilités familiales : sa reconnaissance en droit compare, européen et international de la sécurite sociale dans la perspective de l'égalite des chances entre femmes et hommes." Doctoral thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4813.

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Defence date: 03 November 1997
Examining board: Prof. Silvana Sciarra (Directrice de thèse), Institut Universitaire Européen ; Prof. Jean Jacqmain (Co-directeur de thèse), Université Libre de Bruxelles ; Prof. Colin Crouch, Institut Universitaire Européen ; Prof. Alain Supiot, Université de Nantes
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Amba-Cuenca, Maria Dulce Cecilia B. "Social clause in trade liberalization : an agenda for the Philippines in APEC." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/8114.

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The institutionalization of a social clause in an agreement which is binding among the signatories is difficult to support as it always entails having to touch issues like protectionism, and political, economic and cultural hegemony. The barrier of distrust between the "pro" and the "anti" social clause groups has become too deeply entrenched in the Asia Pacific to elicit a consensus that can be embodied in a ratified agreement. It is in this light that the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum seems to be a more practicable approach. This, thesis begins on the recognition that APEC exists and the Philippines is actively participating in it — the critical issue now is to make it an institution that will safeguard labor rights, not contribute further to their violation. Vital to the understanding of APEC is that it is more of a process rather than a solid institution. The APEC process is consensus-based and therefore functions well as a vessel for the harmonious and beneficial navigation by member economies of the treacherous waters of global trade. Because of the apparent voluntary character of member countries' commitments, some cause-oriented groups consider this process as an opportunity for interjecting social issues in APEC trade discussions by influencing civil society and thereby ultimately putting pressure on their respective governments to include these issues in the countries' individual commitments. This thesis is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter gives a historical analysis of the Philippines' journey toward trade liberalization in an increasingly globalizing world economy. The early stages of the country's trade liberalization program were plagued by a fundamental problem: the policies at the macro-economic level conflicted with the goal of liberalization, for they were hinged on an unsustainable level of foreign borrowing and on domestic politics of corruption and exploitation of human resource. The second chapter analyses the APEC objectives of free trade and the Philippines' trade liberalization commitments within that forum. It is argued that the country's bold and unilateral initiatives toward the fulfillment of the Bogor Declaration are unsustainable because of the government's misplaced fundamentals of competitiveness and lack of social support measures. The third chapter is a theoretical review of the linkage between the social clause and the liberal trading order with references to the North-South divide. It is argued that given a basically similar rationale — rejection of protectionism and of exploitation of labor — there could be an alternative path between the two opposing camps through which labor rights can be discussed and considered in a regional trade forum. The concluding chapter explores the different ways with which the labor movement can tap the human development and sustainable development aspects of the APEC forum. There is a need to develop and utilize a counter-consciousness in policy making which will inject a critical approach to the Philippines' ardent drive to attain global competitiveness. It is concluded that there is a possibility of creating a political space for non-government organizations (NGOs), private organizations (POs) and social movements to meaningfully participate in the APEC process and help in safeguarding social concerns, particularly labor rights.
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Solomina, Daria. "Vývoj ochrany svobody shromažďovací a sdružovací podle EÚLP a MPOPP v Ruské federaci." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-448352.

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MASTER'S THESIS Evolution of the protection of the freedom of assembly and association under the ECHR and the ICCPR in the Russian Federation. Author: Daria Solomina Supervisor: JUDr. Milan Lipovský, Ph.D. Study programme: MAIN Academic Year: 2020/2021 Abstract The rights of assembly and association are vital elements of the international system of human rights. The democratic society needs to protect those freedoms to let the population a chance to express important ideas, concerns, raise political and social issues and make sure the government knows what is important to pay attention to. The international legal system (in particular created by the ECHR and the ICCPR), has come up with fundamental basis for the realization of the rights of assembly and association. However, the main responsibility of the implementation of those rules and norms lays on the states and their domestic legal systems. This thesis researches the structure of the legal protection of the freedoms of assembly and association in the Russian Federation, discovers the significant discordances between it and the provisions of the ECHR and the ICCPR, and attempts to give the political reasoning that is behind those differences. Analyzing the case-law, historical developments of the political life of the Russian Federation and the...
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Білоус, Олена Юріївна, Елена Юрьевна Белоус, and OlenaYu Bilous. "Конвенції Міжнародної організації праці як джерела трудового права України." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11300/7622.

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Білоус О.Ю. Конвенції Міжнародної організації праці як джерела трудового права України: дис. ... канд. юрид. наук: 12.00.05 / Білоус Олена Юріївна. - Одеса, 2017. - 195 с.
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук зі спеціальності 12.00.05 - трудове право; право соціального забезпечення. - Національний університет «Одеська юридична академія», Одеса, 2017. Дисертація є першим у сучасній вітчизняній науці спеціальним комплексним дослідженням ролі конвенцій МОП як джерел трудового права України. Визначено поняття та особливості сучасного міжнародно-правового регулювання трудових відносин. Розглянуто основні цілі та завдання МОП на початку XXI століття. З’ясовано роль МОП як суб’єкта сучасного міжнародноправового регулювання трудових відносин та ефективність її нормотворчої діяльності в умовах глобалізації світової економіки. Охарактеризовано правовуприроду конвенцій МОП. Визначено місце конвенцій МОП у системі джерел трудового права України, їх співвідношення з іншими актами національного трудового законодавства. Розглянуто особливості застосування конвенцій МОП як джерел трудового права України в національній юридичній практиці. Охарактеризовано зміст фундаментальних конвенцій МОП та їх значення для розвитку національного трудового законодавства. Сформульовано науково обґрунтовані пропозиції про внесення змін та доповнень до актів чинного трудового законодавства, проекту Трудового кодексу України з метою адаптації їх до міжнародних трудових стандартів, закріплених у фундаментальних та інших конвенціях МОП.
Диссертация на соискание научной степени кандидата юридических наук по специальности 12.00.05 - трудовое право; право социального обеспечения. - Национальный университет «Одесская юридическая академия», Одесса, 2017. Диссертация является первым в современной отечественной науке специальным комплексным исследованием конвенций Международной организации труда как источников трудового права Украины. Определены понятие и особенности международно-правового регулирования трудовых отношений в современный период. Международно-правовое регулирование трудовых отношений определено как система закрепленных в международных актах и соглашениях стандартов правового регулирования отношений в сфере применения наемного труда, обеспечения индивидуальных и коллективных трудовых прав, интересов работников. Рассмотрены основные цели и задачи МОТ на начало XXI столетия. Установлено, что основными целями деятельности МОТ в современный период являются: продвижение и воплощение в жизнь основополагающих принципов и прав в сфере труда; расширение возможностей для обеспечения достойной занятости; усиление доступности и эффективности социального обеспечения; укрепление трипартизма и социального диалога. Выяснены роль МОТ как субъекта современного международно-правового регулирования трудовых отношений и эффективность её нормотворческой деятельности в условиях глобализации мировой экономики. Охарактеризована правовая природа конвенций МОТ как многосторонних международных договоров о труде. Определено место конвенций МОТ в системе источников трудового права Украины, их соотношение с иными актами национального трудового законодательства. Установлено, что ратифицированные конвенции МОТ являются частью национального трудового законодательства и имеют приоритет по отношению ко всем иным актам за исключением Конституции Украины. Вследствие ратификации Украиной значительного количества конвенций МОТ, которые стали частью трудового законодательства Украины, предложено признать указанные акты основными международными источниками национального трудового права. Рассмотрены особенности применения конвенций МОТ как источников трудового права Украины в национальной юридической практике. Охарактеризованы содержание фундаментальных конвенций МОТ и их значение для развития национального трудового законодательства. Сформулированы научно обоснованные предложения о внесении изменений и дополнений в акты действующего трудового законодательства, проект Трудового кодекса Украины с целью их адаптации до международных трудовых стандартов, закрепленных в фундаментальных и других конвенциях МОТ.
Thesis for the degree of the Candidate of Legal Sciences in the specialty 12.00.05 - Labor law; Social Security Law. - National University “Odessa Law Academy”, Odessa, 2017. The dissertation is the first special complex research of the role of ILO conventions as sources of labor law of Ukraine. The concept and peculiarities of the modern international legal regulation of labor relations were defined. The main goals and tasks of the ILO at the beginning of the XXI century were researched. The role of the ILO as the subject of the modern international legal regulation of labor relations and the effectiveness of its legislative activity under the conditions of the globalizing world economy were investigated. The legal nature of ILO Conventions was characterized. The place of the acts of ILO in the system of sources of labor law of Ukraine, their relationship with other acts of national labor legislation were identified. Peculiarities of application of ILO Conventions as sources of labor law of Ukraine in the national legal practice were examined. The content of fundamental ILO conventions and their importance for the development of national labor legislation were characterized. Scientifically based proposals regarding introduction of amendments to the acts of current labor legislation, the draft Labor Code of Ukraine, with the aim to adapt them to the international labor standards, embodied in the fundamental and other conventions of the ILO, were formulated.
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38

Uhlmann, J. R. ""A bunch of Jews defending them damned niggers!" : radical Jews in the ILD's Scottsboro campaign." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146138.

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39

Desjardins, Annick. "La constitutionnalisation du droit de négociation collective : ses effets sur les régimes législatifs de représentation collective." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9965.

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Dans un important arrêt rendu en 2007 dans l’affaire Health Services and Support, la Cour suprême du Canada a reconnu pour la première fois que la liberté d’association énoncée à la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés protégeait la «capacité des syndiqués d’engager des négociations collectives sur des problèmes reliés au milieu de travail». Pour conclure ainsi, la Cour trouve appui dans le droit international du travail. Avec cette décision, la Cour renverse sa position établie une vingtaine d’années plus tôt voulant que la négociation collective ne soit pas une activité bénéficiant d’une protection à titre de droit fondamental. Suite à ce changement de paradigme, nombre d’auteurs ont été d’avis que la constitutionnalisation du droit de négociation collective pourrait avoir des effets sur la validité de différentes mesures législatives et sur l’interprétation des lois encadrant les régimes de relations de travail. De plus, la négociation collective étant historiquement indissociable de la grève, il y avait tout lieu de croire que la protection de la Charte pourrait être étendue au droit de grève. Par la suite, en 2011, la Cour suprême a rendu la décision Fraser portant sur l’accès à un régime de représentation collective, précisant la portée du droit de négociation collective tel qu’envisagé dans Health Services. Le présent mémoire recense la jurisprudence qui a abordé la protection constitutionnelle de la négociation collective en droit public canadien et en droit privé québécois depuis l’arrêt Health Services afin d’identifier ses effets sur la validité des restrictions au droit de grève, sur la validité des restrictions au contenu des négociations et sur l’imposition de conditions de travail, sur la validité des exclusions de certaines catégories de travailleurs des régimes de représentation collective, et sur l’interprétation des dispositions de ces régimes. Les résultats de la recherche nous permettent de conclure que la constitutionnalisation du droit de négociation collective a engendré un certain volume de contestations de la part d’organisations syndicales. Ces procédures ont porté fruit dans des situations où l’atteinte aux droits était similaire aux précédents de la Cour suprême ainsi que dans un cas lié au droit de grève. Les effets plus vastes envisagés dans la recension de la littérature ne se sont pas matérialisés. Par ailleurs, nos résultats en droit privé indiquent que la constitutionnalisation du droit de grève n’a pas eu d’impact sur l’interprétation des régimes de relations industrielles. Enfin, le recours ou non au droit international par les tribunaux n’a pas d’effet sur nos résultats.
In 2007, the Supreme Court of Canada issued an important decision in the case Health Services and Support, as it recognised for the first time that the guarantee of freedom of association under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects the capacity of members of labour unions to engage in collective bargaining on workplace issues. The Court finds support in international labour law in order to come to this conclusion. With this decision, the Supreme Court overturns its position established some twenty years before that collective bargaining does not benefit from the protection of the Charter as a fundamental right. This paradigm change led many authors to comment that the shift would probably lead to the constitutional invalidity of a number of legislative measures and would affect the interpretation of labour law regimes. Furthermore, collective bargaining being historically interrelated with strikes, it would be logical that Charter protection be extended to the right to strike. Later on, in 2011, the Supreme Court issued a decision in the Fraser case on the right to access a labour relations regime, shedding light on the ambit of the constitutional guarantee. This research surveys case law that dealt with the constitutional protection of collective bargaining after Health Services in order to assess its influence on the validity of restrictions on the right to strike, on the validity of restrictions on bargaining and the imposition of working conditions, on the validity of exclusions of certain categories of workers from labour relations legal regimes and on their interpretation. Our results show that the constitutionalization of the right to bargain collectively has led to a certain volume of legal challenges by labour unions, which were successful in instances where the infringement on bargaining rights were similar to the Supreme Court precedents as well as one case related to the right to strike. The larger influence as foreseen in our literature review did not materialize. The constitutionalization of collective bargaining has had no effect on the interpretation of labour law regimes in private law. Finally, the use of international labour law has no measurable effect on our results.
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40

Dehaibi, Laura. "L'évolution de la protection de la liberté d'association des travailleurs agricoles salariés en droit international et en droit canadien." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8346.

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Cette étude traite des difficultés que rencontrent les travailleurs agricoles salariés dans l’exercice de leur droit à la liberté d’association et à la négociation collective. Ils sont souvent exclus des régimes législatifs nationaux de protection des droits syndicaux ou restreints dans leur capacité de les exercer en dépit du fait qu’ils sont parmi les plus pauvres et mal nourris de la planète et donc requerraient une protection accrue. Quelles sont les causes historiques de ce traitement discriminatoire (première partie) ? Comment le droit international du travail contribue-t-il à remédier à cette situation (deuxième partie) ? En quoi est-ce que le droit international du travail a-t-il influencé le droit interne canadien pour la protection des travailleurs agricoles salariés (troisième partie) ? Les causes du traitement singulier accordé à ces travailleurs remontent aux origines mêmes de l’agriculture. Consciente des caractéristiques particulières de cette activité, l’Organisation internationale du travail affirmera dès le début du 20e siècle qu’il est injustifié d’empêcher les travailleurs agricoles salariés de se syndiquer. Elle insiste sur la valeur fondamentale des droits syndicaux devant différents forums onusiens et favorise leur promotion à travers l’élaboration de normes du travail mais également d’instruments de soft law, considérés mieux adaptés dans un contexte contemporain de mondialisation. Ce droit international du travail influencera ensuite l’interprétation de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés par les tribunaux canadiens dans leur analyse de la constitutionnalité de l’exclusion totale ou partielle des travailleurs agricoles salariés des régimes législatifs de protection des droits syndicaux.
This study analyses the difficulties faced by agricultural workers exercising their rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining. These workers often find themselves excluded from national legislation providing for the protection of union rights, and when these rights are provided to them, their ability to exercise them is limited. Being amongst the poorest human beings on earth, agricultural workers would instead require stronger protection. What are the historical causes of this discriminatory treatment (part one) ? How has international labour law helped to correct this situation (part two) ? In what way did international labour law influence canadian domestic law in regard of the protection of wage earning agricultural workers (part three) ? The reasons for the singular treatment of this class of workers go back to agriculture’s very roots. Conscious of the particular characteristics of this activity, the International Labour Organisation asserted, at the very beginning of the 20th century, that no justification stood to limit the rights of agricultural workers to unionize. It later insisted on the fundamental value of union rights in front of diverse UN forums and favoured their promotion for agricultural workers through the elaboration of labour standards as well as extensive use of soft law tools, considered more suited to the globalised world. International labour law also contributed to the interpretation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom by Canadian courts in their analysis of the constitutionality of total or partial exclusion of agricultural workers from legislation protecting union rights.
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Odendaal, De Villiers. "Enkele aspekte van die reg aangaande stakings in Suid-Afrika." Diss., 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15687.

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Text in Afrikaans
In hierdie studie is gepoog om die sogenaamde "reg om te staak" aan die hand van nasionale en internasionale invloede te ontleed. Dit is veral die International labour Organisation se voorstelle wat 'n invloed gehad het om die Suid-Afrikaanse reg in lyn met die internasionale posisie te bring. Daar word egter gewys op die beperkinge van die reg om te staak, byvoorbeeld in die geval van noodsaaklike dienste en staatsdiensamptenare. Vervolgens is die Suid-Afrikaanse stakingsreg onder die loep geneem en is daar gekyk na die gemene reg, statutere reg en die gevolge van 'n staking. Die Suid-Afrikaanse reg is toe vergelyk met 'n aantal ILO-beginsels. Die moontlike invloed van die Grondwet, 200 van 1993 op die arbeidsreg is bespreek. Die ·studie konkludeer dat, alhoewel daar nie 'n absolute reg om te staak is nie, sodanige reg onder sekere omstandighede erken moet word.
The aim of the study was to analyse the so-called "right to strike" by looking at national as well as international influences on the subject. The suggestions by the International labour Organisation in particular had an influence on changing the South African position. The limitations on the right to strike were also scrutinized. The South African strike law was discussed. The common law position, statutory law as well as the consequences of a strike were analysed. The South African position was also compared with a few llO principles. The possible influence of the Constitution, Act 200 of 1993 on labour law was discussed. The study concluded that, althot:.Jgh there is not an absolute right to strike, such a right must be recognized in certain circumstances.
Mercentile Law
LL. M.
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42

Singh, Anirood. "Municipal representation as a mechanism to enhance local government efficiency: the role of associations for local authorities." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22990.

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Conceptually, South Africa is “one sovereign democratic state”, with a three-sphere governmental system operating co-operatively. Each sphere of government has “original” or constitutionally-allocated powers and functions, as well as legislative and executive powers. Thus, the governmental system is a hybrid or one sui generis, not benefiting from appropriate precedents. The status and autonomy given local government makes it somewhat unique in the world. Application of the principle of subsidiarity, and the mandate for local government to be developmental has resulted in the roles and responsibilities of municipalities being substantially increased, notwithstanding that most suffer from a lack of resources and capacity. Local authorities moved from the establishment of the first one in 1682 as providers of basic municipal services on the basis of race and affordability to democratically-elected ‘wall-to-wall’ municipalities in 2000. With 257 municipalities serving a population of 55.6 million, South African local authorities are comparatively large, spatially and demographically. Given the constitutional-statutory framework and the resultant complex operating environment, it is imperative that all municipalities are able to represent their interests in an intelligent, forceful, and unified manner on decision-making institutions to ensure a close fit between policies/programmes and peoples’ needs. Hence, effective municipal representation by knowledgeable, ethical and committed persons is imperative. The study provides a history of representation and local authority ‘development’ and underdevelopment in South Africa; a theoretical basis for representation; a review of formalism and government’s approach to development; co-operative governance and intergovernmental relations as a mechanism to facilitate municipal representation; an analysis local government powers, functions, status, autonomy, objects, rights and duties of municipalities; local participatory and representative democracy; and the establishment of municipalities. The constitutional and statutory provisions provide the foundation and framework to facilitate municipal representation. The study continues by analysing other mechanisms that enable municipal representation; a comparative review of local government and co-operative governance in certain select countries. It goes on to review the formal framework for organised local government in South Africa, including an overview of the South African Local Government Association (SALGA). Finally, findings and recommendations are made toward a model for municipal representation in South Africa.
Public, Constitutional and International Law
LL. D.
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43

Maimela, Charles. "Legal issues relating to the treatment of persons living with cancer." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24490.

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Cancer is regarded as a global disease and one of the leading killer diseases in the world. The reason why cancer is so widespread and often misunderstood stems from multiple factors, namely, the lack of knowledge about cancer, unfair discrimination of persons living with cancer, inadequate or inappropriate treatment provided to patients, the stigma attached to cancer, misdiagnosis and late diagnosis of persons living with cancer, as well as the inadequate provision of screening programs to detect cancer at an early stage. The combination of these issues raises alarming medico-legal problems that merit further attention. The thesis will explore the origin, nature, philosophical and clinical aspects pertaining to cancer, as well as legal issues related to cancer and oncology. The study will conclude with recommendations aimed at mitigating and addressing the shortcomings that exist in the medico-legal framework. The study will also draw on a legal comparison of relevant South African, English and American laws and regulations. Since this thesis entails focussing on medico-legal principles, the study will draw on aspects of medical law, labour law, law of contract, law of delict, constitutional law and criminal law.
Private Law
LL. D.
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44

Manamela, Makwena Ernest. "The social responsibility of South African trade unions : a labour law perspective." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20069.

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Trade unions have been in existence for many years. Although their introduction was generally met with resistance, since their establishment trade unions have been important agents of social change worldwide. Over the years, trade unions have been involved in politics and other societal activities. In South Africa, trade unions for many years not only fought for worker’s rights within the workplace but also beyond the workplace. Trade unions started as friendly societies aimed at assisting their members with various matters, including offering financial help for education purposes and also in cases of illnesses. Although the main purpose of trade unions is to regulate relations between employees and their employers, trade unions perform other functions in society which can be broadly referred to as their social responsibility role. Unlike corporate social responsibility, which is recognised and formalised, trade union social responsibility is not, with the role and importance of social responsibility for trade unions having been largely ignored. This thesis aims at changing this by investigating their core responsibilities and their social responsibilities and subsequently making recommendations on how trade unions could recognise and accommodate their social responsibilities in their activities. It also considers factors that could assist trade unions in fulfilling their social responsibilities. Trade unions generally obtain legislative support for their core responsibilities, but not their social responsibilities; however this should not obstruct trade unions in such endeavours. As modern organisations it is high time that trade unions make a contribution towards sustainable development through their social responsibility role.
Private Law
LLD
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45

Delport, Elizabeth. "The legal position of domestic workers in South Africa." Diss., 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17995.

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Until recently, the legal position of domestic workers in South Africa could be described as a relic of the nineteenth century, when the contract of employment and the common law defined the employer-employee relationship. The legal rules which regulate the relationship between the domestic worker and her employer are examined. International labour standards and the legal position of domestic workers in other countries are considered. Cognisance is taken of the social phenomenon which finds domestic workers at the convergence of three lines along which inequality is generated, namely gender, race and class. Furthermore, the unique economic forces at play in this sector are examined. The law will be stretched to its limits when attempting to resolve what is, essentially, a socio-economic problem. However, the working lives of a million people are at stake. The legislature has a constitutional, political and moral responsibility to attend to reform in this sector as a matter of urgency.
Private Law
LL.M.
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46

Краснов, Єгор Володимирович, Егор Владимирович Краснов, and Yegor V. Krasnov. "Основні трудові права: міжнародні стандарти і законодавство України." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11300/5020.

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Краснов Є. В. Основні трудові права: міжнародні стандарти і законодавство України : дис. ... канд. юрид. наук : 12.00.05 / Євген Володимирович Краснов; Наук. кер. Г. І. Чанишева; ОНЮА. - Одеса, 2008. - 206 с.
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук за спеціальністю 12.00.05 - трудове право; право соціального забезпечення. - Одеська національна юридична академія, Одеса, 2008. Дисертація присвячується комплексному дослідженню міжнародних стандартів основних трудових прав та законодавства України у цій сфері. Проаналізовано еволюцію прав людини та основні тенденції їх розвитку на початку XXI ст. Визначено місце трудових прав у системі прав людини, їх загальні риси та юридичну своєрідність. Сформульовано поняття основних трудових прав та здійснено їх класифікацію. Проаналізовано всесвітні універсальні та європейські стандарти трудових прав та здійснено порівняльно-правовий аналіз із законодавством України. На підставі аналізу спеціальної літератури, чинного законодавства та практики його застосування, міжнародних трудових стандартів і позитивного зарубіжного законодавчого досвіду внесено пропозиції та рекомендації щодо нормативного закріплення основних трудових прав.
Диссертация на соискание научной степени кандидата юридических наук по специальности 12.00.05 — трудовое право; право социального обеспечения. — Одесская национальная юридическая академия, Одесса, 2008. Диссертация посвящена комплексному исследованию международных стандартов основных трудовых прав и национального законодательства в этой сфере. В работе сформулирован ряд новых концептуальных в теоретическом плане и практически важных положений, касающихся объема, содержания и законодательного закрепления основных трудовых прав. В диссертации проанализированы эволюция трудовых прав, становление и развитие учения об основных трудовых правах человека. Исследованы общие черты и юридическое своеобразие трудовых прав в системе прав человека. Выделены и рассмотрены основные тенденции развития трудовых прав в начале XXI ст. в условиях индустриального общества, глобализации мировой экономики. Сформулировано понятие основных трудовых прав и осуществлена их классификация по различным основаниям: субъектному критерию, содержанию, способу закрепления и др. Обоснована целесообразность выделения в системе национального трудового права самостоятельного правового института «Основные права человека в сфере труда» и определено его содержание. В работе исследованы всемирные универсальные стандарты основных трудовых прав, содержащиеся в актах ООН, МОТ, и осуществлен сравнительно-правовой анализ с законодательством Украины в этой сфере. Проанализирована эффективность деятельности МОТ на наднациональном и национальном уровнях в условиях глобализации экономики. Раскрыто содержание, значение и основные черты Декларации МОТ основных принципов и прав в сфере труда 1998 г. Исследованы европейские стандарты трудовых прав, закрепленные в актах Совета Европы, Европейского Союза и осуществлен сравнительно-правовой анализ с актами национального законодательства. В диссертации проанализирован зарубежный законодательный опыт закрепления объема и содержания основных трудовых прав, таких как право на труд, право на отдых, право на справедливую заработную плату, право на объединение, право на коллективные переговоры и договоры, право на участие работников в управлении организацией, право на забастовку. Исследована трансформация содержания права на труд в постсоциалистических странах. Проанализированы положения Конституции, актов действующего трудового законодательства, проекта Трудового кодекса Украины по закреплению основных трудовых прав и внесены конкретные предложения и рекомендации по совершенствованию их содержания.
The thesis on gaining of Candidate of law degree in the specialty 12.00.05 - labour law; social security law. - Odessa National Academy of Law, Odessa, 2008. The thesis is devoted to the complex analysis of international legal standards of fundamental labour rights and Ukrainian legislation in this field. The evolution of human rights and main tendencies of their development at the beginning of the XXI century are being analyzed. The place of labour rights in the system of human rights, their general features and legal originality are defined. The definition of fundamental labour rights is provided and their classification is given. International universal and European standards of labour rights were analyzed and comparative analysis with Ukrainian legislation is provided. On the basis of analysis of legal literature, current legislation and practice of its application, international labour standards and positive foreign legislative experience, suggestions and recommendations concerning legislative provision of basic labour rights are offered.
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