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1

Chawinga, Winner Dominic, and George Theodore Chipeta. "A synergy of knowledge management and competitive intelligence." Business Information Review 34, no. 1 (March 2017): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266382116689171.

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With competition becoming more intense and complex, the market orientation perspectives dictate that enterprises whether large or small have one choice if they are to survive the torrent and turbulent market environment in which they operate to upgrade their internal business activities and to integrate events from the external environment. This article is concerned with knowledge management (KM) and competitive intelligence (CI) as springboards for competitive advantage in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, the study investigates how KM and CI can be a source of competitive advantage to SMEs in Mzuzu, Malawi. Based on the findings, we demonstrate the combined effect of KM and CI on the success of enterprises or competitive advantage.
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Kanyoma, Kizito Elijah, Frank Wogbe Agbola, and Richard Oloruntoba. "An evaluation of supply chain integration across multi-tier supply chains of manufacturing-based SMEs in Malawi." International Journal of Logistics Management 29, no. 3 (August 13, 2018): 1001–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-10-2017-0277.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the interrelationships in internal and external supply chain integration (SCI) across multiple tiers of manufacturing-based small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in a developing country, Malawi. Design/methodology/approach Utilizing the resource-based view, resource-dependence and network theory perspectives, and drawing on a multiple embedded case-study approach, the research investigated the internal and external linkages within three-tier supplier, manufacturer and retailer SCs and described varying perspectives of SCI across supply chain positions. Findings Firms with strategic intra-firm resources were less committed to external integration, deploying their resources as a source of power to dominate and exploit their dependent partners. The SCI across multiple tiers was impaired by dependence but enhanced by interdependence strategies of firms. Although lack of trust, promotion of non-overlapping self-interests, corruption in sourcing processes and resource constraints negatively affected SCI, firm commitment to external integration promoted greater commitment among firms, thus having a positive effect on SCI. Research limitations/implications Further analysis of SCI of SME triads and a more systematic longitudinal analysis across other market segments should be explored to generalize the conclusions of this study. Practical implications The external influences on dyadic relationships go beyond the interactions of heterogeneous firms in the network to encompass interpersonal interactions across the network, where individuals may potentially prioritize personal connections and sabotage the interests of their firms. Originality/value The research explored the internal and external dimensions of SCI in multi-tier SCs of SMEs, and provided for the first time new evidence to show that firm commitment to engaging with partners complements the mechanisms of SCI within a developing country context. It highlights the need to develop trust, eliminate corruption, promote greater commitment of SC partners and encourage greater investment in firms’ resource capabilities to enhance SCI among SMEs.
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3

Pavlović, Milica, and Ksenija Denčić-Mihajlov. "Sustainable development reporting and sustainable financing: Challenges for small and medium enterprises." Ekonomski izazovi 9, no. 18 (2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekoizazov2018049p.

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In a dynamic business environment, the importance of doing business in accordance with the principles of sustainable development is recognized not only by large companies, but also by small and medium enterprises, which are the "driving force" of modern economies. Having in mind the commitment to socially responsible business and the requirements of the modern business environment, it is necessary to inform stakeholders about the impact of companies on society and the environment, as well as socially responsible activities that companies carry out due to changes in conditions and ways of doing business. Accordingly, it is necessary to implement integrated reporting, which would include, in addition to traditional financial, nonfinancial indicators of business performance. In order to adopt an internationally recognized methodology for evaluating the performance of sustainable development, certain initiatives have been taken by regulators, standard setters and professional associations. Due to their characteristics, small and medium-sized enterprises require special guidelines when compiling reports on sustainable development. The focus of this paper is on the challenges that these companies face in disclosing information on sustainable development indicators. Special attention is paid to the costs of this type of reporting, the lack of necessary resources and the ownership structure.
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4

Arnold, Denis G. "Global Justice and International Business." Business Ethics Quarterly 23, no. 1 (January 2013): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/beq20132315.

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ABSTRACT:Little theoretical attention has been paid to the question of what obligations corporations and other business enterprises have to the four billion people living at the base of the global economic pyramid. This article makes several theoretical contributions to this topic. First, it is argued that corporations are properly understood as agents of global justice. Second, the legitimacy of global governance institutions and the legitimacy of corporations and other business enterprises are distinguished. Third, it is argued that a deliberative democracy model of corporate legitimacy defended by theorists of political CSR is unsatisfactory. Fourth, it is argued that a Rawlsian theoretical framework fails to provide a satisfactory account of the obligations of corporations regarding global justice. Finally, an ethical conception of CSR grounded in an appropriately modest set of duties tied to corporate relationships is then defended. This position is cosmopolitan in scope and grounded in overlapping arguments for human rights.
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Ibrahim, Zalina, Firdaus Abdullah, and Azman Ismail. "International Business Competence and Small and Medium Enterprises." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 224 (June 2016): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.402.

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6

Gorina, G, O. "RATING ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL TOURIST BUSINESS ENTERPRISES ACTIVITY." VISNYK оf Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mykhailo Tugan-Baranovsky 69, no. 2 (2018): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4819-2018-69-2-62-69.

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7

Ferreira, Manuel Portugal, Dan Li, Stephen Guisinger, and Fernando A. Ribeiro Serra. "Is the International Business Environment the actual context for international business research?" Revista de Administração de Empresas 49, no. 3 (September 2009): 282–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-75902009000300004.

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The International Business Environment (IBE) has been argued to be the essential context for international business (IB) studies and the distinguishing factor from other management studies and studies of large enterprises. Two content analysis show that many papers published in top tier IB journals either lack reference to any dimension of the IBE or tend to be uni-or bi-dimensional when addressing the IBE; it is not a surprise that the cultural dimension is the most often used. We suggest that: (a) there is need to developed more uni-and multi-dimensional environmental constructs; (b) a more holistic view of the IBE provides richer insights on the actual complexity underlying IB research. Future studies that provide more comprehensive models of the IBE that overcome the usual broad classifications of the international environment as undefined and uncontrollable factors are warranted to advance conceptual and empirical research.
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8

Alfaro Saiz, Juan Jose, Angel Ortiz Bas, Raul Poler Escoto, and Ruben Dario Franco. "Performance measurement for e-business enterprises." International Journal of Business Performance Management 4, no. 2/3/4 (2002): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbpm.2002.000120.

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9

Tzeng, Rueyling. "International Labor Migration through Multinational Enterprises." International Migration Review 29, no. 1 (March 1995): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839502900107.

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This research studies international migration of company transferees. The main purposes are to address how their individual characteristics have influences on their overseas assignment and what kinds of migration patterns are created by the multinational business enterprises. U.S. firms in Taiwan are the primary study focus. By using both quantitative and qualitative data, the results show that although an overseas appointment is mainly based on individual competence, nationality, ethnicity and gender also play crucial roles. And multinationals are important channels for sustainable, return and circular migration.
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10

Malyarets, Lуudmyla, Mimo Draskovic, Vitalina Babenko, Zoya Kochuyeva, and Oleksandr Dorokhov. "Theory and practice of controlling at enterprises in international business." Economic Annals-ХХI 165, no. 5-6 (October 2017): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v165-19.

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11

Silva, José Ultemar da. "The enterprises reorganization in the international trade." Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia 2, no. 1 (December 11, 2007): 07–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/ijsm.v2i1.20.

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This present article aims to make an approach to the international trade, showing the competitiveness in the business world, as well as the companies/enterprises need in preparing themselves to face the great competition in the international trade, into a more and more globalized and competitive environment. At the ending 90’s, facing to crises and so many other economic models, some Brazilian enterprises began to adopt an undertaken-mindedness searching insertion in the global market.
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12

Gurkov, Igor, Elena Avraamova, Galina Boulychkina, and Giorgio Inzerilli. "Russian Enterprises’ Adaptation to New Business Realities." International Studies of Management & Organization 27, no. 1 (March 1997): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00208825.1997.11656701.

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13

Jarvis, Darryl S. L. "Multinational enterprises, international relations and international business: reconstituting intellectual boundaries for the new millennium." Australian Journal of International Affairs 59, no. 2 (June 2005): 201–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357710500134459.

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14

Gulledge, Thomas R., and Rainer A. Sommer. "Integrating e-business transactions across extended enterprises." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 1, no. 2 (2004): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2004.004386.

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15

Casassus, Faustine, June Wei, Lai C. Liu, and Kai S. Koong. "E-business solutions for movie production enterprises." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 8, no. 3 (2010): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2010.033196.

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16

Rice, Mitchell F. "Public contracting, policy preferences and minority business enterprises." International Journal of Public Administration 22, no. 7 (January 1999): 997–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900699908525415.

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17

HARADA, Setsuo. "A Generational Change of International Standardization Business, Necessary for Japanese Enterprises." Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 136, no. 4 (2016): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.136.226.

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18

Tsai, J., and H. Y. Hung. "International brand strategy of Taiwanese hi-tech enterprises." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 53, No. 2 (January 7, 2008): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/903-agricecon.

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This paper compares two Taiwanese high-tech enterprises, Acer and Trend Micro, which choose different international brand marketing strategies due to the diverse managing types and product characteristics. The hardware products and business software sold by Acer and Trend Micro are discussed to reveal their international brand development and marketing strategy. The research findings can be provided for different enterprises for decision-making when they consider their internationalization and brand strategy.
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19

Puhachova, M. V. "Using International Ranks and Business Activity Indicators for Economic Development Forecasting." Statistics of Ukraine 83, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.4(83)2018.04.04.

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The majority of countries use several well-known integral indicators for economic forecasting purposes, on which basis these countries’ ranks in the global economic community are computed. Apart from allowing investors to make investment decisions, such indicators and ranks help in forecasting economic development in forthcoming periods. The best known of them is Ease of Doing Business Index and Global Competitiveness Index. The less known ones are indicators of Business Tendency Surveys (BTS), computed on the basis of data obtained from questionings of enterprise managers in various economic sectors and from studies of consumer sentiments. Yet, specialists tend to use the data from these conjuncture surveys to analyze the current economic situation in a country (total or by industry) and build short-term forecasts. Apart from the survey indicators depicting quite clearly a situation in the economy, the most popular ones in Europe are Confidence Indicators for enterprises by economic activity, and Economic Sentiment Indicator incorporating the indicators from BTS of enterprises and consumer sentiments. These indicators are computed by the European Commission for EU member countries on monthly basis. The article shows changes in Doing Business ranks for selected EU member countries and Ukraine. BTS indicators for industrial enterprises (estimate of production capacities; estimate of change in the production orders; estimate of the competitive position of enterprises at the internal market) are analyzed for some of these countries. A comparison of the dynamics of production capacities utilization, business confidence indicators and Doing Business rank is made for Ukraine and Bulgaria. The prognosticating capacities of BTS indicators compared with Doing Business indicator are analyzed.
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20

Tanasiichuk, Alona, Svetlana Kovalchuk, Olha Hromova, Hryhorenko Inna, and Fedortsova Olena. "Evaluation of the Convergence of International Markets for Agricultural Enterprises of Ukraine under International Diversification Conditions." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 467–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n2p467.

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It is proposed the classification of indicators of convergence assessment of international markets for determining their marketing attractiveness for the enterprise, which includes absolute and relative indicators of measurement of general statistical data, evaluation of factors of production, information on products and services, dynamic indicators and convergence indicators used by enterprises for the search of new international markets. In the expert assessment of convergence indicators, the markets of foreign countries, the indicators of which are as close as possible to the Ukrainian economy, are distinguished, the result of the assessment allowed to draw conclusions about the marketing opportunities of domestic enterprises in the conditions of the export of goods to the markets of these countries. As the analysis of practical aspects of the functioning of agricultural enterprises and their associations results, a scientific and methodical approach to a comprehensive convergence of agricultural enterprises activities of Ukraine assessment under the conditions of international diversification has been developed. The proposed approach is based on the method of summing up the ranks to rank foreign markets according to the system of dynamic indicators application, which allowed to determine the marketing attractiveness of new international markets for the domestic enterprises activity in these markets and to assess their convergence. As the application of the proposed approach result, foreign markets have been identified which demonstrate favorable conditions for doing business on them, indicating the convergent conditions existence, which is a prerequisite for domestic agricultural enterprises to the markets of these countries release, and also determines the factors and criteria for making managerial decisions regarding realization of domestic agrarian enterprises activity under international diversification conditions. It is proved that the markets of Belgium, Italy, Ireland, Switzerland, and Japan have demonstrated favorable conditions for doing business with them, indicating a significant convergence of markets in these countries. It is determined that the markets of Greece and China are promising for domestic enterprises in the presence of opportunities to overcome a significant margin of discretion. Keywords: convergence, international diversification, international markets marketing attractiveness, convergence evaluation of international markets
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21

Musso, Fabio, and Barbara Francioni. "The Decision-Making Process in International Business Strategies." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 2, no. 2 (April 2013): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2013040101.

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This paper investigates the relationship between the contextual factors related to the firm’s decision-maker and the process of international strategic decision-making. The analysis has been conducted focusing on small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). Data for the research came from 111 usable responses to a survey on a sample of SME decision-makers in international field. The results of regression analysis indicate that the context variables, both internal and external, exerted more influence on international strategic decision making process than the decision-maker personality characteristics.
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22

Graham, Edward M. "Multinational Enterprises, Economic Structure and International Competitiveness." Journal of International Business Studies 18, no. 3 (September 1987): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jibs.1987.38.

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23

Kim, Hee Dae, In Lee, and Choong Kwon Lee. "Building Web 2.0 enterprises: A study of small and medium enterprises in the United States." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 31, no. 2 (August 16, 2011): 156–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266242611409785.

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24

Sharma, Pramodita, and Jess H. Chua. "Asian family enterprises and family business research." Asia Pacific Journal of Management 30, no. 3 (April 11, 2013): 641–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10490-013-9350-z.

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Šneidere, Ruta, and Inga Būmane. "SMALL BUSINESS SUPPORT POLICY IN LATVIA." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 26, 2016): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2016vol4.1565.

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Economic growth is the important factor for improving competitiveness and to ensure the availability of financial resources at all stages of business development. The authors explore European Union activities to promote the development of small and medium enterprises, the Latvian business environment, the regulatory framework, the accounting regulatory framework for small and medium enterprises. The research study included an assessment of the business environment in the international context for the years 2010 – 2016, national support programmes providing financial resources, their availability and tax policy guidelines for small and medium enterprises. The research study results are summarized in a number of conclusions, and recommendations have been developed. Research methodology is based on the analysis of laws and regulations, statistical data and economic and scientific literature studies.
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Windsor, Duane. "The Development of International Business Norms." Business Ethics Quarterly 14, no. 4 (October 2004): 729–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/beq200414444.

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Abstract:International business norms do not exist. Content and development of such norms is a significant research question for business ethics scholarship. Any norms must address difficult practical and moral problems facing multinational enterprises. The author’s thesis is as follows. A key circumstance is that international relations remain a Hobbesian state of nature. The theoretical solution of a global sovereignty for norm formulation and enforcement is unlikely. The business ethics literature proposes other insightful but theoretical and conflicting solutions to abstract wealth-responsibility and universalism-relativism controversies. Theoretical convergence seems unlikely. Evolution of multiple international policy regimes fragmented by policy arena is more probable. Regimes will typically be neither morals by agreement nor a morality of the marketplace. Regime development can occur in various other ways. Moral leadership, by firms, stakeholders, nongovernmental organizations or governments, can be a vital force. Formal ethical theories can inform and guide such leadership initiatives. This process perspective is applied to several recent case examples cited here as supporting evidence: anti-corruption, labor, environmental, human rights, and fiduciary responsibility initiatives.
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Choudhary, Kailash, and Kuldip Singh Sangwan. "Benchmarking Indian ceramic enterprises based on green supply chain management pressures, practices and performance." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 9 (November 29, 2018): 3628–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-12-2017-0330.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) pressures, implementation level of GSCM practices and improvement in performance of the Indian ceramic enterprises. The paper also aims at benchmarking the Indian ceramic enterprises based on enterprise size and market orientation (export activity). Design/methodology/approach The research is based on the empirical study of Indian ceramic industry. Propositions are developed to study: the impact of GSCM pressures, implementation level of GSCM practices, improvement in GSCM performance, and the effect of GSCM pressures on implementation of practices, and impact of GSCM practices on GSCM performance. Data are collected from Indian ceramic enterprises of different sizes. Exploratory factor analysis is performed to segregate the pressures, practices and performance variables into constructs. Two-step algorithm, with log-likelihood measures of distance and Bayesian information criterion, is used to decide the optimal number of clusters. These clusters are compared and benchmarked according to the enterprise size and export activity. Findings This study finds that the implementation level of GSCM practices is higher in large- and medium-size enterprises as compared to small-size enterprises. Large- and medium-size enterprises have high impact of mimetic and informative pressures and small enterprises have high impact of coercive pressure (CP). Although the CP is high on small enterprises but due to the limited resources, these enterprises cannot afford to implement GSCM practices. The implementation of GSCM practices results into the improvement of environmental and operational performance but decrease in economic performance. Practical implications The findings of this study will suggest the policy maker to encourage the diffusion mechanism through a collaborative partnership with larger enterprises to enhance the implementation level of GSCM practices in small-size enterprises. Originality/value The novelty of the paper are: it analyzes and benchmarks GSCM pressures, practice and performance for Indian ceramic enterprises by considering enterprises size and export activities as control variables, and it finds the effect of GSCM pressures on the implementation level of GSCM practices and improvement in enterprise performance for Indian ceramic enterprises.
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Curci, Roberto, and Robert Mackoy. "Immigrant business enterprises: A classification framework conceptualization and test." Thunderbird International Business Review 52, no. 2 (March 2010): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tie.20318.

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29

Sunigovets, Olga. "THE INFLUENCE OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENTITIES." Three Seas Economic Journal 1, no. 2 (December 8, 2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2661-5150/2020-2-6.

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The purpose of the article is to generalize the existing views on ensuring the effectiveness of international business entities in the context of globalization trends and the implementation of the tasks of domestic companies to enter international markets. Systematization of problems of international business development on the basis of the research of the impact of structural aspects in ensuring economic development, with special emphasis on studying the development of the ownership structure of international business in the formation of the foundations of sustainable economic growth. Methodology. The study is based on comparing trends in the development of international business of countries, processing the results of studying the issues of the topic by domestic and foreign economists, domestic and foreign literature, statistical data, the results of analytical studies of rating agencies, international organizations. In the process of research, the method of theoretical generalization and comparison, and general scientific research methods were used, mainly, analysis, synthesis, abstraction. The information basis of the research consisted of the works of domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of the theory of international business, international economic relations, international management, and international corporate governance of international business. The results of the research showed that the modern conditions for conducting international business were changing dynamically, which required the development of international business entities special improvement of existing approaches to management in accordance with the conditions of globalization, manifestation of innovative development and striving for openness as the best way of modern coexistence. The country’s position in the world economic system is determined by the structure of the economy. Practical implications. Thus, the structure of the economy determines the possibilities of economic development, the ownership structure is an important aspect in ensuring the efficiency of international business. In the context of globalization, corporate governance is seen as a tool for development and needs improvement for the enterprises to enter into international markets. The ownership structure is able to determine the innovative potential of enterprises in world markets. Value/originality. The identified current trends in the development of structural relationships of the economy based on the generalization of research on structural interdependencies in creating the preconditions for sustainable economic development allows to determine the basis for the actions of international business in the globalization and manifestations of innovative economy more objectively. The special value of the work lies in a more detailed study of the ownership structure in ensuring the efficiency of international business and the effects of globalization, which determines the main directions of improving Ukrainian enterprises, their organizational and legal forms of doing business to ensure compliance with international business principles and access to international markets.
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Antoniv, Kateryna, Olga Mnykh, and Josyf Sytnyk. "Problems and Perspectives of International Companies in Ukraine." Equilibrium 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2011): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil2011.012.

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The article proves the relevance of the value formation of businesses that operate not only in domestic but also foreign markets. The causes of underestimation of enterprises in modern conditions of the worsening crisis are summarized. Priorities of export-oriented enterprises, their opportunities and threats under conditions of globalization of business are defined. The interaction of factors relating to commodity and stock markets, which significantly affect capitalizational processes is shown.
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Tanasiichuk, Alona, Olha Hromova, Anastasiia Abdullaieva, Yulia Holovchuk, and Kateryna Sokoliuk. "Influence of Transformational Economic Processes on Marketing Management by an International Diversified Conglomerate Enterprise." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n3p448.

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In this article it is substantiated the necessity of radical changes study in the practice of domestic agricultural enterprises managing, creation of a new functional and organizational structure that will maximally facilitate the marketing strategy of business diversification by the agrarian enterprise of Ukraine. It is analyzed agrarian enterprises efficiency of activity under the conditions of the transformation processes, it is determined that the leaders of the domestic and world markets of agrarian products are agroholdings with a rigid management structure, and their marketing goals are a decisive factor while making choice of markets under the conditions of diversification activities. It is substantiated that the formation of an international diversified company of agrarian business provides equally to participating enterprises the use of common resources, redistribution of resources between structural units operating on one financial result, the possible loss of one enterprise is compensated by the profit of the group as a whole. Reformation of agrarian enterprises of Ukraine process is analyzed; in particular, in the case of farms in the context of international business diversification; it is determined the necessity of creating a new organizational structure of management by the agrarian enterprise. It is grounded the creation of a functional and organizational mechanism for an international diversified conglomerate enterprise activity in order to ensure the stability of its functioning under the conditions of the transformation processes.It is proposed a new structure of functional and organizational management an international diversified conglomerate company on the basis of the developed marketing mechanism of enterprise management under the conditions of international diversification. It is substantiated that in Ukraine, the formation of such new international diversified conglomerate enterprises from small enterprises, by grouping farms (which by their number in Ukraine is most) will provide a positive result from overcoming the grinding of domestic agrarian business, consolidation of the agrarian sector and creating the opportunity to benefit from the budget of Ukraine from international diversified conglomerate business structures. Keywords: transformational economic processes, international marketing, globalization, marketing management, international diversified conglomerate enterprise, business consolidation.
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Udomkit, Nuntana, Volkmar Ensslin, and Roman Meinhold. "Three Stages of Trust Building of International Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises." Global Business Review 21, no. 4 (July 24, 2019): 906–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150919856990.

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In a globalized world, more and more firms inevitably have to deal with other businesses from a far distance that they perhaps have never met and thus hardly know each other. The escalating level of globalization of business has brought with it the increased importance of trust in international business. Various studies have confirmed the importance of trust as one of the key elements for a successful business partnership. However, less is known about how international small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) develop and maintain trust. This research investigates the characteristics of trusted business partners and how trust is built and maintained over time. In-depth interviews were conducted with the management of 20 international SMEs in Thailand. The essences of trust, namely competency and professionalism, honesty and integrity, empathy and caring and three-stage model of trust building and maintaining in international business are proposed.
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Mura, Ladislav, and Ján Buleca. "Trends in International Business of the Slovak Small and Medium Food Enterprises." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 110 (January 2014): 905–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.936.

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34

Blakyta, Ganna, Olena Matusova, Halyna Lanovska, and Victor Adamenko. "Integral assessment of business environment security." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 4 (December 25, 2017): 280–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(4-1).2017.12.

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The methodological approach to the integral assessment of business environment security is developed in the article; the blocks of factors of business environment security are identified and the indices which affect the formation of economic security of entrepreneurship are analyzed. The integral indicator for assessing business environment security is based on 6 indicators, which are the most significant elements of the business environment formation: the availability of basic economic freedoms, the favorable organizational conditions for doing business, the state of political and legal system, the level (quality) of life, resource provision and infrastructure development, innovation development. A comparative analysis of the integral indicator of business environment security of Ukraine with the Baltic countries, Black Sea region countries and the Visegrad Group countries is carried out. The article identifies interdependence between the business environment security and the share of unprofitable enterprises. The functional relationship of the business environment security with the number of bankrupt enterprises and the level of enterprises losses is substantiated as well. The model shows that the increase of environmental security leads to the decrease of a number of bankruptcies exponentially. The negative and positive factors which influence the formation of economic security of entrepreneurship are revealed.
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35

Lupton, Nathaniel C., Guoliang Frank Jiang, Luis F. Escobar, and Alfredo Jiménez. "National Income Inequality and International Business Expansion." Business & Society 59, no. 8 (December 7, 2018): 1630–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650318816493.

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We examine the extent to which host country income inequality influences multinational enterprises’ (MNE) expansion strategy for foreign production investment, depending on their specific strategic objectives. Applying a transaction cost framework, we predict that national income inequality has an inverted U-shaped relationship with foreign production investment. As inequality increases, MNEs accrue lower transaction costs arising from interactions with various local actors, leading to higher probability of investment. As income inequality increases further, its effect on location attractiveness will become negative, as its attraction effect is increasingly offset by additional monitoring, bargaining, and security costs owing to the more fractious nature of high inequality societies. In addition, we suggest that the impact of income inequality is contingent on investment objectives: The inverted U-shaped relationship is stronger for efficiency-seeking investment but weaker for market-seeking and competence-enhancing investments. We find substantial support for our hypotheses through an analysis of 27 years (1986-2012) of data on Japanese MNEs’ overseas production entries.
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36

Raghuvanshi, Juhi, Rajat Agrawal, and Prakriti Kumar Ghosh. "Measuring the innovation capability of micro enterprises in India." Benchmarking: An International Journal 26, no. 5 (July 1, 2019): 1405–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-08-2018-0229.

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Purpose The development of innovation capability (IC) is a central issue for both practitioners and academicians. However, studies that investigate the dimension of IC in the context of micro-enterprises are absent. Based on capability-based view, the purpose of this paper is to identify important dimensions to build a scale to measure IC in micro-enterprises. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on focus group discussions for item generation and questionnaire survey on a sample of 379 micro-enterprises in India. The scale is developed with the help of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Statistical tests demonstrate that the scale presents composite reliability as well as discriminant and convergent validity. Findings The findings show that four dimensions form IC in micro-enterprises: resources, networking, risk taking and involvement. Originality/value This study develops a new scale, which is a measure of IC of micro-enterprises. The implications have been recommended, which focus upon entrepreneurs, academicians and policymakers interested in developing the IC of micro-enterprises in India.
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37

Mir, Debby F., and Eran Feitelson. "Factors Affecting Environmental Behavior in Micro-enterprises." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 25, no. 4 (August 2007): 383–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266242607078583.

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38

Lositska, T., N. Bieliaieva, V. Lagutin, and T. Melnyk. "CONTROLLING OF TRADE ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 1, no. 36 (February 17, 2021): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.227628.

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The article deals with the features of the controlling implementation in trade enterprises in the context of the international dimension, the possibility of adapting international approaches to the Ukrainian conditions of business. The essential concept of controlling and its connection with realization of the general functions of management is defined. It is established that controlling is a management subsystem that ensures the achievement of the mission and system of goals of the enterprise, covers all areas of activity, business processes and business facilities. It is determined that effective business processes are the driving force of success of a trading company, so the implementation of processes should be monitored and any deviations should be corrected in a timely manner. It was found that the concept of controlling is not limited to pure control. The impossibility of considering controlling only at the final stage of management is substantiated. Controlling ensures the achievement of the goals of trade networks, directing the functioning of the management system of trade entrepreneurs in a single direction, defined by strategic, tactical and operational plans. The experience of other countries in controlling conducting at trade enterprises is studied. The tools of foreign practice that can be used in the implementation of controlling of different areas (marketing controlling, procurement and logistics controlling, financial activities controlling, sales controlling, financial activities controlling) are defined: kaizen system, Just-in-time system, CRM, benchmarking, ABS-analysis and XYZ-analysis, PIMS, outsourcing matrix, DPS method, profitability chart «Maisigma», PEST-analysis, Monte Carlo method, methodology of «quality circles», sensitivity analysis, construction of a map of strategic groups, quality standards, performance indicators, calculation of inventory levels, comparison of costs in the value chain, change management, management of «weak» signals, hierarchy of strategies, building a map of business processes. Implementation of controlling provides an increase in trade to 25%; increase in profit from 10 to 12%; increase in profitability from 8 to 20%; increase labor productivity to 30%.
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Bakhru, Kanupriya Misra, Manas Behera, and Alka Sharma. "Entrepreneurial communities and family enterprises of India." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 12, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 32–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-01-2017-0003.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the traditional business communities and family businesses of India, their emergence and sustained growth. Design/methodology/approach The authors analyze the role of business communities in family businesses of India and identify business communities that have still sustained and marked a global presence. Findings Business communities such as Marwaris have the knack for business activities and are leaders of family businesses in India today, who have sustained their past success and continue to create new histories. Other traditional business communities such as Parsis, Sindhis, Chettiars and Gujarati banias have not been able to sustain much. Possible reasons were switching to white-collar jobs, taking up diplomacy and other professions, inter caste marriages, international migration in search of business and Indian government policies. Research limitations/implications This study provides a useful source of information for academics, policy-makers and economists. Practical implications Traditional business communities populate the list of family businesses that have marked their global presence. This paper identifies various factors that are responsible for the growth and sustainability of these business communities. Social implications The study clarifies the role of business communities in domestic economic development. Originality/value The paper explored traditional business communities of India and assessed their role in family businesses of India that currently mark a global presence.
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40

Nerudová, D., and V. Solilová. "Transfer pricing in agricultural enterprises." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 57, No. 7 (August 1, 2011): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/84/2010-agricecon.

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International tax issues already have not been problems of multinational enterprises. The effect of globalization and international business development causes that many small and medium size firms including agricultural entities are now engaged in the cross-border transactions and have to face the international tax issues. One of the important areas of international taxes is transfer pricing. The transactions between these persons should be assessed at their arm's length price according to the arm's length principle (internationally accepted standard) as the price which would have been agreed between the unrelated parties in free market conditions. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the impact of the selection of the form of the subsidiary on the total tax liability of the agricultural entity, including the determination of the transfer price, the application of the arm's length principle and decisions about the most suitable legal form of the subsidiary.
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41

Nosirbekov, Temurbek Mamurbekovich. "FEATURES OF PUBLIC FOOD DEVELOPMENT IN TOURISM BUSINESS OF UZBEKISTAN." Nauka v sovremennom mire, no. 3(48) (April 20, 2020): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/2524-0935-2020-48-3-5.

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The restaurant services market has entered a new stage of its development, against the background of existing enterprises, modern formats of food industry organizations are opening up. The food culture is being modernized, much is borrowed from the European food culture. The formation of international networks of catering enterprises, contributes to the opening of new fast food outlets in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
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42

RASHEED, HOWARD S. "CONTRASTING E-COMMERCE BUSINESS MODELS: PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS FOR SMALL ENTERPRISES." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 14, no. 01 (March 2009): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946709001168.

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Pure plays use the Internet as a market entry strategy, and brick and clicks use the Internet as an alternate channel of distribution. Theoretical frameworks from entrepreneurship, marketing, and electronic commerce are used to explore performance differences between these business models. This study uses a geographically diverse sample of 240 small enterprises engaged in Internet-based consumer marketing. Results suggest brick and clicks enjoy performance advantages over pure plays in international revenue growth. Higher Internet promotional expenditures positively impact revenue growth. Firms using the Internet for sales transactions experience negative profit expectations and revenue growth. Firms using the Internet for product distribution experience significant international sales growth. Product depth influences profit expectations and domestic revenue growth. These results should provide a basis for building theory relative to performance implications of Internet-based commerce for small enterprises.
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43

Lorek, Elżbieta. "CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN BUSINESS PRACTICE – NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7956.

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The article deals with the problem of implementing standards based on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in enterprises. It describes issues related to the definition of the concept of corporate social responsibility and the scope of activities affected by CSR. The article also focuses on the advantages of applying CSR principles in an enterprise as well as the controversies and dangers that may arise. The article contains numerous references of the described issues to the observed reality.
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Pykäläinen, Timo, and Arto Ojala. "International activities of knowledge‐intensive small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises." Management Research News 32, no. 7 (June 19, 2009): 645–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01409170910965242.

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45

Ajami, Riad A. "Global Enterprises and Value Creation." Journal of Asia-Pacific Business 11, no. 3 (August 17, 2010): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10599231.2010.500575.

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46

Holm, Rochelle H., Alinafe Kamangira, Mavuto Tembo, Victor Kasulo, Hastings Kandaya, Peter Gijs Van Enk, and Alex Velzeboer. "Sanitation service delivery in smaller urban areas (Mzuzu and Karonga, Malawi)." Environment and Urbanization 30, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 597–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247818766495.

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This paper assesses the provision of sanitation services in two urban areas in northern Malawi, both with populations under 150,000, to determine the potential for private sector enterprises to contribute to longer-term self-reliance as part of the overall sanitation situation. The paper shows that most households in the two study areas use pit latrines and remain unserved with regard to both faecal sludge management and solid waste removal. Local governments have been unable to offer adequate coverage of sanitation services, and community-based organizations are doing very little that is relevant to the issue. This gap offers a viable business opportunity for private sanitation service providers. Of these two urban areas, Karonga Town has no formal private sector services, but Mzuzu City has pit emptying and solid waste collection services, plus some small-scale manufacturers of pre-made pit latrine slabs. The paper explores these activities, considering their accessibility to low-income customers. It closes with suggestions regarding the potential for building on what is currently available.
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47

Cano, José Alejandro, and José Jaime Baena Rojas. "Appropriating ICT for International Business Negotiations Performance: A Case Study of the Pacific Alliance." Revista Lasallista de Investigación 15, no. 1 (2018): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22507/rli.v15n1a11.

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Nowadays Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have improved the processes in organizations and enterprises. In this sense, international business negotiations can be optimized with these tools allowing that small, medium and large enterprises also increase their proficiency and performance in this kind of operation. According to the information above, this article analyzes the level of appropriation of these technologies and several correlations between variables related with the use of ICT within the Pacific Alliance. Objective. This article aims to identify the relationship between appropriation of ICT and performance of international business negotiations in this trade bloc. Materials and Methods. A relationship model between appropriation of ICT and performance of international business negotiations is proposed, validating it with a study conducted with 384 companies from Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru that carry out import and/or export processes. Findings. The evidence indicates an important proficiency and international negotiation performance improvement within the enterprises in this region. Conclusion. This research shows that increasing the frequency of training in the use of ICT promotes proficiency in these technologies and improves performance in the international negotiation process.
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48

Hafsi, Taieb, and Howard Thomas. "Understanding the International Competitive Behavior of State-Owned Enterprises." International Studies of Management & Organization 18, no. 2 (June 1988): 60–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00208825.1988.11656480.

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49

Enderwick, Peter. "Understanding cross-border crime: the value of international business research." critical perspectives on international business 15, no. 2/3 (May 7, 2019): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpoib-01-2019-0006.

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Purpose Based on a considerable degree of commonality between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and cross-border criminal organisations, the purpose of this paper is to identify ways and areas in which international business (IB) research could be of value in improving understanding of the operations of cross-border criminal organisations and in the development of effective countermeasures to global crime. Design/methodology/approach A review of the characteristics of legitimate MNEs and cross-border criminal organisations is undertaken to assess the applicability of IB research approaches in understanding the strategies and structures of organised criminal groups. Findings Despite some obvious differences there appears to be sufficient commonality between legitimate and illegitimate international commerce so that the firm-centric focus of IB research could provide valuable insights complementing the policy-oriented approach of criminology. Some adaptation of IB research tools may be required. The exchange is not one-way: studies of cross-border crime also offer lessons for IB scholars. Research limitations/implications IB scholarly work on cross-border crime could enrich both the fields of IB and transnational criminology. Better understanding of criminal enterprises could also facilitate the design of more effective interdiction policies. Originality/value Despite their commonalities and interactions, the two sectors of international enterprise have developed separately, and this paper identifies and explores possible synergies between the two.
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50

Griffith, Arianne, Lise Smit, and Robert McCorquodale. "Responsible Business Conduct and State Laws: Addressing Human Rights Conflicts." Human Rights Law Review 20, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 641–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngaa033.

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ABSTRACT The business and human rights framework is based on pillars in which states should act to protect against the human rights impacts of business enterprises and the business enterprises should act in ways that do not lead to human rights impacts. Yet there is a gap in this framework in situations where a business enterprise may be willing to act but faces challenges in doing so due to the laws and practices of a state in which it operates. This international framework nevertheless places an expectation on businesses that they should still respect international human rights law as far as possible in these circumstances. No methods are offered for how this can be done in any coherent manner. This makes it very difficult for business enterprises, regulators and civil society to determine the type of compliance required. In this article, we explore this gap in the international framework and, based on empirical research, offer ways in which it can be closed. We propose a typology to assist in understanding the different conflicts between business practices and state laws that may occur, and recommend methods as to how to deal with these conflicts.
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