Relevant bibliographies by topics / International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage"

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Jacobsson, Måns. "Future of the International Conventions on Liability and Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 689–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-689.

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ABSTRACT The international regime on oil spill liability and compensation is based on two international conventions, the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. The Fund Convention establishes an intergovernmental organization, the International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC Fund), with the task of administering the regime of compensation set up by that convention. At present, 67 nations are party to the Civil Liability Convention, 45 to the Fund Convention. The United States is not party to either. In 1984, the conventions were revised by two protocols, which provide higher compensation limits and a wider scope of application than the original conventions. These protocols have not yet come into force. The future of the compensation regime established by these conventions is examined here, with special attention to the prospects for the entry into force of the 1984 protocols. At present, the United States will not ratify these protocols.
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Jacobsson, Mans. "INTERNATIONAL REGIME FOR COMPENSATION FOR POLLUTION FROM TANKERS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-69.

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ABSTRACT Compensation for oil spills from laden tankers has so far been governed by two international conventions adopted under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization: the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. Ninety-six states are parties to the 1969 Civil Liability Convention, and 70 states are parties to the 1971 Fund Convention. The United States is not party to either of these conventions. In 1992, two protocols were adopted amending the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. The conventions as amended by the 1992 protocols (the 1992 conventions), which entered into force on May 30, 1996, give better economic protection to victims of oil pollution damage caused by oil spills from tankers than the conventions in their original versions. Under the 1992 conventions, the available compensation amounts per incident (including the sum actually paid by the shipowner and his or her insurer) have been increased from US$87 million to approximately US$196 million. The 1971 Fund Convention set up an intergovernmental organization, the 1971 Fund, to administer the compensation system. The new system of compensation established under the 1992 Fund Convention is administered by a separate legal entity: the 1992 Fund. The two funds share a secretariat.
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Jacobsson, Måns. "THE INTERNATIONAL COMPENSATION SYSTEM IN A PERIOD OF TRANSFORMATION." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-2-829.

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ABSTRACT Two international treaties elaborated under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization (IMO)—the 1969 International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (1969 Civil Liability Convention) and the 1971 International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (1971 Fund Convention)—established the international regime of compensation. These Conventions were revised by Protocols in 1992, and the revised Conventions, known as the 1992 Conventions, are intended to replace the original ones. The Civil Liability Conventions govern the liability of the shipowner, whereas the Fund Conventions provide for supplementary compensation through two intergovernmental organizations, the International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds, financed by a levy on oil receipts in Member nations. A number of nations has ratified the 1992 Conventions and denounced the original 1969/1971 Conventions, but a number of other nations has not yet done so. After the denunciation by a number of nations whose oil industries are major contributors to the system, the old regime soon will be reaching a point where it is no longer financially viable. It is therefore important that the 1971 Fund Convention be terminated as soon as possible. It is likely that the maximum amount of compensation available under the 1992 Conventions (at present some US$180 million) will increase to some US$270 million as of November 1, 2003. In view of the experience of recent major incidents, the question has been raised as to whether the 1992 Conventions should be reassessed to ensure that the international regime continues to meet the needs of society.
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Sundaram, Jae. "OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION DAMAGE: IN PURSUIT OF A UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL CIVIL LIABILITY REGIME." Denning Law Journal 28 (November 15, 2016): 66–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v28i0.1277.

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A significant amount of marine oil pollution is vessel-source with another being non-vessel-source originating from offshore oil platform operations. The world has witnessed a number of oil spill disasters since the 1950s including the Deepwater Horizon incident in the United States, the Montara Wellhead Platform in Australia and the continuing oil spill incidents in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Technological advances mean that offshore operators now venture further out from coastlines to explore for, and exploit hydrocarbon reserves, thus increasing the crude oil output, and also the possibility of oil pollution incidents from offshore platforms. The International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution 1969 and the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Oil Pollution Damage 1971 were developed under the leadership of the International Maritime Organization in response to the increasing incidents of vessel-source oil pollution of the marine environment. Since the entry into force of these Conventions the membership has increased and the incidents of vessel-source oil pollution reduced. Efforts made by the Comité Maritime International (CMI), as early as in 1977, to develop a uniform civil liability convention for claims arising from offshore operations did not come to fruition, and very little progress has been made in finding a solution. Currently, there is no uniform international civil liability regime in place for oil pollution compensation claims arising for damages caused by offshore operations. This article explores the reasons behind the lack of a coherent legal framework to process civil liability claims arising from offshore oil spill incidents, especially when a comprehensive international regulation exists to govern vessel-source and other related forms of marine oil pollution. It argues that the lack of leadership to find a solution is proving to be highly damaging and that there is a strong case and an urgent need to establish a uniform international offshore oil spill liability regime. The article looks at existing regimes, both regional and national, as a way forward to develop an international regime for oil pollution compensation for damages arising from offshore activities.
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Jacobsson, Måns. "THE NOTION OF “POLLUTION DAMAGE,” WITH PARTICULAR REGARD TO DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1987, no. 1 (April 1, 1987): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1987-1-555.

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ABSTRACT Oil spill incidents may cause damage of several different types: damage to property, consequential loss, pure economic loss, and damage to the environment. The last type presents the greatest problems in connection with liability and compensation, because it is not easily assessed in monetary terms. This paper focuses on the problems relating to non-economic damage to the marine environment and economic loss as a consequence of damage to the environment. Some leading court cases are used to illustrate some of the problems. The definition of “pollution damage” in the international conventions, i.e., the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention, is discussed. The position taken by the International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund in respect to claims for non-economic damage to the environment as well as claims for pure economic loss is described. The impact the new definition of this notion in the 1984 protocol to the Civil Liability Convention would have on the law of contracting states is examined.
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Dopilka, V. O., and K. G. Matienko. "Legal regulation of liability for environmental pollution in the carriage of dangerous goods by sea." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 67 (January 16, 2022): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.67.62.

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The article considers the international legal norms and legislation of Ukraine in the field of responsibility for pollution of the marine environment during the transportation of dangerous goods, the main trends in the development of maritime navigation and environmental protection. The concept and essence of ecological safety of the World Ocean is defined. The author considers the main provisions of the Merchant Shipping Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Transportation of Dangerous Goods", as well as international norms contained in the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution (1969), the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (1971), the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (1976), the International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Dangerous and Harmful Substances by Sea (1996), the International Convention on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (1973). The above regulations contain recommendations and regulate the liability of the shipowner for damage from oil pollution from ships, release of the shipowner from liability for damage from pollution by oil and other harmful substances from ships, intent or gross negligence of the victim in cases of oil pollution. or more vessels for damage from pollution, the issue of limiting the liability of the shipowner for damage from pollution, loss of the right to limit liability for damage from pollution by hazardous substances from ships, as well as insurance and other financial support for liability for damage from pollution from ships. The analysis of normative acts of international and domestic legislation allowed to study the conceptual provisions of the problem, as well as to conclude that it is necessary to implement international law in the national legislation of Ukraine on ways to solve the problem of marine pollution from ships.
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Yanko, Yosua. "KEWAJIBAN LIBYA TERHADAP INDONESIA TERKAIT TUMPAHNYA MINYAK MENTAH YANG MENCEMARI PERAIRAN INDONESIA." UNES Law Review 5, no. 2 (December 7, 2022): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v5i2.305.

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Penelitian hukum mengenai kewajiban negara Libya terhadap Indonesia terkait tumpahnya minyak mentah yang mencemari perairan Indonesia, dimana hal itu menimbulkan tanggung jawab berdasarkan perjanjian internasional mengenai pencemaran laut karena negara Libya adalah salah satu dari anggota terkait perjanjian internasional tersebut. Maka negara Libya harus mentaati ketentuan-ketentuan dalam United Nations Convention on the Law Of the Sea 1982, International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage 1969, Deklarasi Stockholm dan Deklarasi Rio de Janeiro 1992. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tanggung jawab yang dilakukan oleh Negara Libya akibat tumpahan minyak mentah yang mencemari perairan Indonesia akibat indsiden tubrukan dengan kapal MV Sinar Kapuas asal Singapura. Metode normatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini berfokus pada prinsip strict liability dan perjanjian internasional laut, diantaranya adalah United Nations Convention on the Law Of the Sea 1982, International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage 1969, Deklarasi Stockholm dan Deklarasi Rio de Janeiro 1992. Pencemaran laut oleh minyak mentah yang dilakukan oleh kapal tanker MT Alyarmouk asal Libya menimbulkan tanggung jawab yang mana oleh International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage 1969 ditentukan sebagai tanggung jawab mutlak.
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Sevinç Kuyucu, Aslıhan. "Legal perspective on ship-related marine pollution." Aquatic Research 7, no. 1 (2024): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3153/ar24004.

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The number of factors that cause marine pollution is quite high. The wastes of cities located on the coasts or near the sea, wastes of industrial facilities, trashes left to the sea by people and other wastes are included in this content. Another important factor causing marine pollution is ships. The wastes caused by the operation of the ships at sea and the oil and derivatives used on the ship or other harmful substances that are released into the sea from the ships can cause marine pollution seriously. The provisions to be applied to marine pollution are determined according to the pollutant causing marine pollution and the type of the ship. In our law, liability arising from pollution caused by pollutants other than petroleum and its derivatives is basically regulated in the Law No. 5312 “The Principles of Emergency Intervention and Compensation for Damages in Pollution of the Marine Environment with Petroleum and Other Harmful Substances”. Türkiye is also a party to two international conventions on pollution caused by oil and its derivatives. These contracts are the “The International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage” and “The International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage”. On the other hand, the Environmental Act is also applied for liability arising from marine pollution in cases that do not fall within the scope of appƒlication of the enumerated legislation. The marine pollution can be prevented by virtue of the deterrent effect of the regulations on legal liability arising from the pollution of the sea originating from ships.
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Vereina, L. V. "International Liability Regime for Pollution of Marine Environment from Ships." Moscow Journal of International Law, no. 4 (January 12, 2023): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2022-4-68-76.

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INTRODUCTION. The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea imposes obligations on states to protect and preserve the marine environment. They are responsible under international law. In order to ensure prompt and adequate compensation for all damage caused by marine pollution, states shall cooperate in implementing existing international law concerning liability and in developing procedures for adequate compensation, such as liability insurance or compensation funds MATERIALS AND METHODS. In the article the author analyzes international treaties that form the basis of the regime of international legal liability for marine pollution from ships, such as the Oil Pollution Damage Convention 1969, the International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea 1996, the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Fuel Pollution Damage 2001. The research is based on general scientific methods of knowledge (system and structural approaches, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction), as well as special methods used in legal science (comparative legal, historical legal and formal dogmatic). RESEARCH RESULTS. Based on the analysis carried out, the author came to the following research results: Together the three conventions - the CSA, the COW and the Bunker Convention - form a single regime of liability for marine pollution, the source of which are ships, and strive for identity of all definitions in order to avoid inconsistencies in their interpretation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. In the course of the analysis, the author referred to the debatable points expressed in the scientific literature concerning the completeness of the legal regulation of liability for marine pollution from ships. After which the author made a conclusion that, although a significant amount of marine pollution accounts for pollution from ships, the existing international legal mechanisms for regulating liability issues in this area can be regarded as sufficient.
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Jacobsson, Måns. "The International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds 1971 and 1992." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-659.

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ABSTRACT The international system for compensating victims of oil pollution damage caused by oil spills from tankers is based on two international treaties adopted as a result of the Torrey Canyon incident which occurred in 1967 off the south coast of the United Kingdom, namely the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. These Conventions have been amended by Protocols in 1992, resulting in two new Conventions (the 1992 Conventions). The International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds 1971 and 1992 administer the system of compensation created by the Fund Conventions. Over 80 nations are members of the Funds. In the light of the experience gained in recent years from incidents involving the Funds, it would be appropriate to consider whether the objectives of establishing the international regime have been fulfilled and whether the international regime has given adequate protection to victims of oil pollution damage. The paper also makes comparison between the international regime and the regime created under OPA 90. While there are differences between the two regimes as regards scope of application, funding, and approach in various aspects, there are significant similarities in respect of administration and claims handling. Some of the differences are due to the fact that the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund works within one nation, whereas the International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds operate worldwide.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage"

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Moodley, Alecia Genise. "Analysing the international civil liability regime for oil pollution damage caused by ships and aligning with it the South African civil liability regime for oil pollution damage cause by ships." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29257.

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Oil-fouled beaches, dying seabirds and severe economic loss from the closure of fishing grounds and holiday resorts is the picture painted by oil spills, and these consequences often arouse public outrage. Oil spills cause extensive damage to the marine environment and to human society. Indeed, the economic consequences are often extensive, and it is for this reason that the internationalisation of a civil liability regime for oil pollution damage was initially proposed. The first move towards an international civil liability regime came when states which were affected by an unprecedented oil spill made it clear that individual states could not cope alone with these negative effects. The tanker held responsible for the oil spill which has been described as ‘the greatest peace-time menace ever to have confronted Britain’s shores’ was Liberian-registered tanker, the Torrey Canyon About 6 000 nautical miles south of Pollard rock, which was struck by the Torrey Canyon in 1967, lays the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa (SA). The route that runs through the Cape of Good Hope is one of the busiest oil tanker routes in the world and this contributes to the large volume of oil traffic in this route. The Cape of Good Hope is also known as the ‘Cape of Storms’ and many vessels have faltered off this hazardous coastline of SA. The 1973 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) to address pollution prevention, the 1969 Intervention Convention to deal with emergency response, the 1969 International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (1969 CLC), and the 1971 International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (1971 Fund convention) were enacted after the Torrey Canyon disaster, once it was clear that the international regime was not sufficient to deal with such an immense oil spill. 8 In addition, and of paramount importance, is the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) which is known as the “framework” or ”umbrella” convention in the international law of the sea. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyse and compare the International and the South African civil liability regimes on oil pollution damage caused by ships. This comparative analogy will be done with the view of ascertaining whether the legal regime of South Africa (SA) is in line with the international civil liability regime and to ascertain what improvements can be made to SA’s civil liability regime. During this analysis, any inadequacies identified in these regimes will be addressed briefly. South Africa gave effect to the 1969 CLC and the 1971 Fund convention by enacting the Marine Pollution (Control and Civil Liability) Act 6 of 1981 (MPA)(own emphasis). SA, however, only acceded to the 1992 protocols of amendment on 1 October 2005 (own emphasis) and, subsequently, did not implement these amendments domestically. Eight years later, the government finally updated the domestic law by providing for the domestic enactment of the provisions as contained in the 1992 protocols. In December 2013 (own emphasis), the Merchant Shipping (Civil Liability Convention) Act 25 of 2013 (“MSCLC act”), the Merchant Shipping (International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund) Act 24 of 2013 (“the IOPC act”), the Merchant Shipping (International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund) Administrations Act 35 of 2013 (“Administrations act”), and the Merchant Shipping (International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund) Contributions Act 36 of 2013 (“Contributions act”) was enacted by Parliament. This dissertation serves to explore these laws of SA against the backdrop of the relevant international conventions including the UNCLos which provides a general framework. Prior to these amendment laws, SA’s regime was outdated and provided insufficient compensation for a major oil spill. The primary research question of this dissertation is: Is SA’s civil liability regime consistent with, aligned with and adequate in light of, the international civil liability regime? In order to answer the abovementioned research question, this dissertation adopts the following structure: It is divided into five chapters which will follow one another as the civil liability regime is being unpacked and analysed. Chapter 1 contains an introduction, background, and sets out the scope and limits of this topic; It furthermore provides a brief literature review on civil liability to aid in understanding the main topic of this dissertation. In Chapter 2 it will be beneficial to look at the brief history behind the international regulation of marine oil pollution in order to grasp the reasoning behind the existing international regime. Therefore, the international history will first be addressed, and thereafter a comprehensive analysis of the various conventions that make up the international regime will be done. There will also be an indication of certain inadequacies which may be contained therein, before concluding and moving the focus to SA in the next chapter. It will then be of importance to address SA’s liability regime critically. In Chapter 3 the new marine pollution acts are dissected whilst keeping in mind the broad themes that originate in the international conventions. This third chapter also addresses whether the MSCLC act has strengthened the South African regime and whether SA will have access to the compensation funds after the enactment of the IOPC Fund Act. Chapter 4 will accordingly look at the laws of general application in SA with a view of ascertaining how these laws complement the civil liability regime and how reliance on them could improve the South African regime. Furthermore, recommendations will be made with regards to improving SA’s regime. Finally, this dissertation will come to a conclusion in Chapter 5 which will also briefly summarise the findings of the previous chapters.
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Borries, Nina von [Verfasser]. "The international convention on civil liability for oil pollution damage and recklessness / vorgelegt von Nina Alexandra Gräfin von Borries." 2009. http://d-nb.info/99665075X/34.

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Books on the topic "International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage"

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Canada. Dept. of External Affairs. Navigation, pollution: International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (with Annex) and 1976 Protocol. S.l: s.n, 1991.

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United States. President (1981- : Reagan) and United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations, eds. 1984 protocols amending the Civil Liability and Fund Conventions on oil pollution damage: Messsage from the President of the United States transmitting two protocols : (A) the protocol of 1984 to amend the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1969 (Civil Liability Convention); and (B) the protocol of 1984 to amend the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1971 (Fund Convention). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Organization, International Maritime, ed. Protocol of 1992 to amend the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1969.: Protocol of 1992 to amend the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1971. London: International Maritime Organization, 1996.

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Trotz, Norbert. Die Revision der Konventionen über die zivilrechtliche Haftung für Schäden aus der Ölverschmutzung des Meeres und über die Errichtung eines Entschädigungsfonds. Potsdam-Babelsberg: Akademie für Staats- und Rechtswissenschaft der DDR, 1987.

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Relations, United States Congress Senate Committee on Foreign. 1984 protocols amending the Civil Liability and Fund conventions on Oil Pollution Damage: Report (to accompany Treaty doc. 99-12). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Organization, International Maritime, ed. International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001 =: Convention internationale de 2001 sur la responsibilité civile pour les dommages dus à la pollution par les hydrocarbures de soute = Convenio internacional sobre responsibilidad civil nacida de daños debidos a contaminación por los hidrocarburos para combustible de los buques, 2001. London: International Maritime Organization, 2004.

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Wang. Civil liability for marine oil pollution damage: A comparative and economic study of the international, US and the Chinese compensation regime. Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2011.

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International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001 =: Convention Internationale de 2001 Sur La Responsabilite Civile Po. Not Avail, 2004.

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International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001: London, 23 March 2001. Stationery Office, 2005.

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International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001: London, 23 March 2001. Stationery Office, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage"

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"International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 27 November 1992." In Documents in International Environmental Law, 1181–97. Cambridge University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139171380.069.

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"International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage 1969 (1969 CLC)." In Yearbook of International Cooperation on Environment and Development 1998–99, edited by Helge Ole Bergesen, Georg Parmann, and Øystein B. Thommessen, 104–5. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315066547-22.

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"No. 14097. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage. Coucluded at Brussels on 29 November 1969." In Treaty Series 1998, 417–26. UN, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/4c5cc1de-en-fr.

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"No. 14097. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage. Concluded at Brussels on 29 November 1969." In United Nations Treaty Series, 255–429. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/36bc6f9d-en-fr.

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"No. 14097. International convention on civil liability for oil pollution damage. Concluded at Brussels on 29 November 1969." In United Nations Treaty Series, 460–61. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/85e86d11-en-fr.

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"No. 14097. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage. Concluded at Brussels on 29 November 1969." In United Nations Treaty Series, 389–90. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/45fdd276-en-fr.

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"No. 14097. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage. Concluded at Brussels on 29 November 1969." In Treaty Series 1823, 357–58. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/c683f22c-en-fr.

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"No. 14097. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage. Concluded at Brussels ou 29 November 1969." In United Nations Treaty Series, 421–22. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/c74db3cf-en-fr.

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"No. 14097. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage. Concluded at Brussels on 29 November 1969." In Treaty Series 1777, 461. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/b56ae419-en-fr.

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"No. 14097. International convention on civil liability for oil pollution damage. Concluded at Brussels on 29 November 1969." In United Nations Treaty Series, 304–5. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/e9b3cc03-en-fr.

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