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Journal articles on the topic 'International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Damage'

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Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Jacobsson, Måns. "THE INTERNATIONAL COMPENSATION SYSTEM IN A PERIOD OF TRANSFORMATION." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 2 (2001): 829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-2-829.

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ABSTRACT Two international treaties elaborated under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization (IMO)—the 1969 International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (1969 Civil Liability Convention) and the 1971 International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (1971 Fund Convention)—established the international regime of compensation. These Conventions were revised by Protocols in 1992, and the revised Conventions, known as the 1992 Conventions, are intended to replace the original ones. The Civil Liab

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2

Dopilka, V. O., and K. G. Matienko. "Legal regulation of liability for environmental pollution in the carriage of dangerous goods by sea." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 67 (January 16, 2022): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.67.62.

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The article considers the international legal norms and legislation of Ukraine in the field of responsibility for pollution of the marine environment during the transportation of dangerous goods, the main trends in the development of maritime navigation and environmental protection. The concept and essence of ecological safety of the World Ocean is defined. The author considers the main provisions of the Merchant Shipping Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Transportation of Dangerous Goods", as well as international norms contained in the International Convention on Civil Liab

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3

Nolan, Cadets John P., and Susan J. Blood. "Development of the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, no. 1 (1991): 353–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-353.

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ABSTRACT The International Oil Pollution Prevention and Response (OPPR) Convention represents current international efforts to improve capabilities to prepare for and respond to catastrophic oil spills. Initiated by the United States, it is being negotiated by the Marine Environment Protection Committee of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Major components of the proposal include the establishment of an International Marine Pollution Information Center located at IMO headquarters, National Response Centers in each coastal state, and oil spill response contingency plans for ships.

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Sundaram, Jae. "OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION DAMAGE: IN PURSUIT OF A UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL CIVIL LIABILITY REGIME." Denning Law Journal 28 (November 15, 2016): 66–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v28i0.1277.

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A significant amount of marine oil pollution is vessel-source with another being non-vessel-source originating from offshore oil platform operations. The world has witnessed a number of oil spill disasters since the 1950s including the Deepwater Horizon incident in the United States, the Montara Wellhead Platform in Australia and the continuing oil spill incidents in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Technological advances mean that offshore operators now venture further out from coastlines to explore for, and exploit hydrocarbon reserves, thus increasing the crude oil output, and also the possibility

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5

Purwendah, Elly Kristiani. "KEGAGALAN KLAIM DANA RFC OLEH INDONESIA DALAM KASUS PENCEMARAN MINYAK KAPAL TANKER LINTAS BATAS NEGARA DI PANTAI NONGSA, BATAM." Bina Hukum Lingkungan 6, no. 2 (2022): 297–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.24970/bhl.v6i2.260.

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ABSTRAKPeta Kebijakan Kelautan Indonesia menuju Poros Maritim Dunia tertuang dalam 7 (tujuh) pilar kebijakan, salah satunya adalah Pengelolaan Ruang Laut dan Perlindungan Lingkungan Laut, yang dijabarkan lebih lanjut dalam 76 (tujuh puluh enam) Kebijakan Utama dimana pada kebijakan kelima terdapat 6 (enam) strategi Perlindungan Lingkungan Laut. Namun, sangat disayangkan dalam penerapannnya pada kasus pencemaran minyak yang terjadi di Pantai Nongsa Batam masih mengalami gagal klaim ganti rugi dana Revolving Fund Comitte (RFC) yang merupakan sebuah dana Bersama yang bersumber dari Memorandum of

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6

Jacobsson, Måns. "Future of the International Conventions on Liability and Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, no. 1 (1991): 689–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-689.

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ABSTRACT The international regime on oil spill liability and compensation is based on two international conventions, the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. The Fund Convention establishes an intergovernmental organization, the International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC Fund), with the task of administering the regime of compensation set up by that convention. At present, 67 nations are party to the Civil Liability Convention, 45 to the Fund Convention. The United States is not party to either. In 1984, the conventions were revised by two protocols, which pro

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7

Jacobsson, Mans. "INTERNATIONAL REGIME FOR COMPENSATION FOR POLLUTION FROM TANKERS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (1997): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-69.

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ABSTRACT Compensation for oil spills from laden tankers has so far been governed by two international conventions adopted under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization: the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. Ninety-six states are parties to the 1969 Civil Liability Convention, and 70 states are parties to the 1971 Fund Convention. The United States is not party to either of these conventions. In 1992, two protocols were adopted amending the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. The conventions as amended by the 1992 protocols (

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8

Jacobsson, Måns. "The International Compensation Regime Revisited." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (2003): 1231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-1231.

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ABSTRACT The international regime of compensation was established by two international treaties elaborated under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), namely the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. These Conventions were revised by Protocols in 1992, and the revised Conventions, known as the 1992 Conventions, have effectively replaced the original ones. The 1992 Civil Liability Convention governs the liability of the shipowner, whereas the 1992 Fund Convention provides supplementary compensation through the International Oil Pollution Compensa

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9

Jacobsson, Måns. "RECENT DEVELOPMENTS WITHIN THE INTERNATIONAL COMPENSATION REGIME." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (2005): 763–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-763.

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ABSTRACT The international compensation regime is based on two international treaties elaborated under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), namely the 1992 Civil Liability Convention and the 1992 Fund Convention. The 1992 Civil Liability Convention governs the liability of the shipowner, whereas the 1992 Fund Convention provides supplementary compensation through the International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund 1992 (1992 Fund), financed by a levy on oil receipts in Member States. This paper describes recent developments in the international compensation regime. The

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10

Jacobsson, Måns. "The International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds 1971 and 1992." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (1999): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-659.

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ABSTRACT The international system for compensating victims of oil pollution damage caused by oil spills from tankers is based on two international treaties adopted as a result of the Torrey Canyon incident which occurred in 1967 off the south coast of the United Kingdom, namely the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 Fund Convention. These Conventions have been amended by Protocols in 1992, resulting in two new Conventions (the 1992 Conventions). The International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds 1971 and 1992 administer the system of compensation created by the Fund Conventions. Over

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11

Jacobsson, Måns. "THE NOTION OF “POLLUTION DAMAGE,” WITH PARTICULAR REGARD TO DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1987, no. 1 (1987): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1987-1-555.

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ABSTRACT Oil spill incidents may cause damage of several different types: damage to property, consequential loss, pure economic loss, and damage to the environment. The last type presents the greatest problems in connection with liability and compensation, because it is not easily assessed in monetary terms. This paper focuses on the problems relating to non-economic damage to the marine environment and economic loss as a consequence of damage to the environment. Some leading court cases are used to illustrate some of the problems. The definition of “pollution damage” in the international conv

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12

Jacobsson, Måns. "THE INTERNATIONAL OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND: TEN YEARS OF CLAIMS SETTLEMENT EXPERIENCE." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1989, no. 1 (1989): 509–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1989-1-509.

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ABSTRACT The International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC Fund) was established in October 1978, pursuant to the 1971 Fund Convention, with the task of providing compensation to victims of oil pollution damage in states party to that convention, to the extent that the victims do not receive adequate compensation from the shipowner and his insurer. During its 10 years of operation, the IOPC Fund has been involved in the settlement of claims arising out of 34 incidents. The fund has developed a reputation for quick settlement of claims. This is based on the fund's careful monitoring of in

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13

Handl, Günther. "Marine Environmental Damage: The Compensability of Ecosystem Service Loss in International Law." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 34, no. 4 (2019): 602–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718085-23441025.

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AbstractKey maritime conventions governing liability and compensation for pollution of the marine environment, foremost among them the 1992 Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Convention and the 2003 Supplementary Fund Protocol (the CLC/Fund regime), exclude compensation for pure environmental loss. This article discusses whether anything less than full compensation of damage to the marine environment, including the loss of ecosystem services, comports with contemporary international public policy or law. After reviewing and rejecting traditional arguments opposing such compensability, the artic

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14

Troop, P. M., Q. C., and Capt M. S. "Ship-Source Oil Pollution Fund: 20 Years of Canada's Experience1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, no. 1 (1991): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-683.

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ABSTRACT The Ship-source Oil Pollution Fund (SOPF) had its origins in amendments to the Canada Shipping Act passed in 1971. At that time, there was no legal right compensation available to recover the costs and expenses incurred as a result of two oil spill incidents on Canada's east coast. These amendments established the Maritime Pollution Claims Fund (MPCF), which was financed by a levy on every ton of oil imported or exported from Canada. Operational experience dictated further legislative changes in 1987. To strengthen Canada's legal regime in pollution cases, the oil MPCF was transformed

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15

Ijeoma Catherine, Clinton-Ezekwe, OSU Ikenna Charles, Ezekwe Ifeanyichukwu Clinton, and Raimi Morufu Olalekan. "Slow death from pollution: potential health hazards from air quality in the mgbede oil fields of southsouth Nigeria." Open Access Journal of Science 5, no. 1 (2022): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00177.

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Background: Today, pollution is a serious issue that threatens the health of billions of people, weakens the economic security of nations, and is to blame for a significant portion of the world's burden of disease, disability, lost productivity, medical expenses, and costs associated with ecosystem damage and premature death. However, despite their enormous size, these expenses are often hidden and frequently go unnoticed as a result of pollution. This has the effect of preventing the entire costs of pollution from being understood, often going uncounted, and being used to counteract economic

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16

Динь, Т. М. Л. "Строгая ответственность за ущерб от загрязнения нефтью с судов". Вопросы устойчивого развития общества, № 5 (9 жовтня 2020). https://doi.org/10.34755/irok.2020.89.43.133.

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В настоящее время международный режим гражданской ответственности за загрязнение нефтью устанавливается довольно всесторонне посредством основных правовых инструментов, таких как Международная конвенция о гражданской ответственности за ущерб от загрязнения нефтью 1992 года (1992 CLC), Международная конвенция об учреждении международного фонда для компенсации ущерба от загрязнения нефтью 1992 года. Одной из важнейших особенностей международного режима компенсации за ущерб от загрязнения нефтью с судов является принцип строгой ответственности судовладельца, то есть ответственность за ущерб от за

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17

Koru, Onur. "Shipowner’s Liability for Marine Environmental Pollution: A Comparative Analysis within the Framework of Turkish Law and International Conventions." Legal Research & Analysis 3, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.69971/lra.3.1.2025.83.

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Global maritime activities, vital to 80% of world trade, pose significant environmental risks through oil spills, hazardous substance discharges, and vessel accidents. This study analyzes shipowners’ liability for marine environmental pollution under Turkish law and international conventions, focusing on the 1969/1992 International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC) and the 1971/1992 International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FC). In Türkiye, the Environmental Law, Law No. 5312, and the Turkish Com

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18

"International Convention On The Establishment Of An International Fund For Compensation For Oil Pollution Damage (London, 1971)/Convention Internationale De 1971 Portant Creation D'Un Fonds International D'Indemnisation Pour Les Dommages Dus A La Pollution Par Les Hydrocarbures (Fonds) (Londres, 1971)." Uniform Law Review - Revue de droit uniforme 7, no. 4 (2002): 1236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ulr/7.4.1236.

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19

"Amendment of Article 5.3 of the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1971/Amendement de l'article 5.3 de la Convention international de 1971 portant creation d'un fonds international d'indemnisation pour les dommages dus a la pollution par les hydrocarbures." Uniform Law Review - Revue de droit uniforme 1, no. 1 (1996): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ulr/1.1.130.

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20

Fu, Ben-Chao, and He-Ran Li. "Legal advice on the Chinese compensatory fund system for oil pollution damage caused by ships from the perspective of marine environmental governance." Frontiers in Marine Science 9 (January 9, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1083624.

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As one of the primary obstructive factors for marine environmental governance, the frequent occurrence of oil pollution damage caused by ships has resulted in the establishment of compensation funds, such as the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund of the United States, Ship Oil Pollution Fund of Canada and International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC). Frequently suffering from marine oil pollution, China has extended considerable effort in marine environmental governance. Following the introduction of the ‘green principle’ into the Civil Code, China attached increasing significance to the l

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