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Journal articles on the topic 'International migrations'
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Akanle, Olayinka. "International migration narratives: Systemic global politics, irregular and return migrations." International Sociology 33, no. 2 (March 2018): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580918757105.
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International migration is one of the most discussed and controversial subjects in policies, programs, and practices. The discussions and controversies commonly revolve around issues of gains and/or otherwise of international migrations: to the world, to the sending and receiving countries, and to the migrants, for example. The objective ramifications of these issues, however, remain unclear in accounts, processes, and outcomes thereby leading to tangled and intellectually complicated narratives and deployments with different effects on international migration policies and practices. What is unclear includes how international migrations should be governed and narrated, how migrations affect development, and how migrants survive at destinations. International migration narratives fall broadly within pro- and anti-migration sentiments with different camps developing narratives to drive their own perspectives. Underlying these tangled perspectives are national, continental, and global orientations. This review essay examines the trajectories of common narratives of international migrations from the perspectives of key international organizations, renegotiations of survival strategies by irregular migrants, and the development experiences of return migrants, all of which will enhance our understanding of the contours and ramifications of international migration.
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Fleury Graff, Thibaut. "Les migrations interna-tionales contemporaines et leurs enjeux." Questions internationales N° 122, no. 6 (January 16, 2024): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/quin.122.0096.
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Les migrations internationales, en constante augmentation depuis plus de vingt ans mais qu’aucun texte international multilatéral ne gouverne, sont la cause de nombreux drames humains et de vives tensions interétatiques. Si ces aspects très médiatisés de la migration ne doivent pas masquer leur caractère généralement apaisé, ils témoignent de l’importance d’une appréhension globale des migrations internationales comme élément de la paix mondiale .
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Predojevic-Despic, Jelena. "Towards understanding international migration determinants today: Theoretical perspective." Stanovnistvo 48, no. 1 (2010): 25–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv1001025p.
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In times of global migration flows and ever increasing mobility of the workforce in the world, the necessity for constant deepening of theoretical knowledge is imposed as a basis for understanding main determinants of this phenomenon, and with an aim of directing the focus of migration researches towards more efficient overcoming of challenges and making use of the advantages which international migrations could bring both to origin, destination and transit countries. The main goal of this paper is to give a critical review on the development of the economic migrations theory, to state the main similarities and differences between various approaches and to point out to the main drawbacks and problems which the theoretical perspective is facing when studying the determinants of contemporary international labor migrations. The focus of the study refers to voluntary labor migrations with reference to migrations of the highly educated population, while the stress is on economic theories, although some of them are closely connected to sociological, geographical and anthropological theories. The development of the theory on international migrations has been started by micro theoretical models, namely, through the conceptualization of theories which place the individual in the focal point of research, who estimates the positive, namely negative sides of moving from one location to another. Economic models on the micro theoretical level cede more space to models of macro structure which research the social and economic structure within and between countries. There are many theoretical models which offer possible answers to the question on what are the main determinants of international migrations on the macro analytical level. Although every one of them tries to give an answer to the same question, they use different concepts, assumptions and frameworks of research. The reasons which bring about the initiation of international migrations can be significantly different from those which lead to their stabilization in time and space. Although differences in the income height, risks, employment possibilities, market expansion can all influence the continuation of spatial movement of population, new conditions which arise during migration begin to act as independent factors: development of migratory networks, institutionalized support to the development of trans-national activities, as well as changing the social context of work in countries of destination. Therefore, in the analysis of contemporary international migrations the necessity arises for a systematic approach, namely dynamic perspective of research - from recognition to a detailed insight in changeable trends and forms of contemporary migratory movements in the world. In addition, at the same time with the development of new markets, regional economies and technology centers, there has been a 'trans-national turnabout' in the last fifteen years or so in researching migrations, namely a significant development in the approach which stresses the relations which migrants maintain with their families, communities and cultures which are out of the country in which they migrated in. The final part of the paper calls for the requirement of the following: coordination of theoretical concepts with new social conditions, post-industrial world and global processes of transformations in which migrations have an important role; overcoming inadequate coordination and isolation in studying migrations within special scientific disciplines, as well as poor connections of certain aspects of migration study; research of the causes and consequences of migrations as an inseparable part of the general process of social development. .
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Gabaccia, Donna, and Elizabeth Zanoni. "Transitions in Gender Ratios among International Migrants, 1820–1930." Social Science History 36, no. 2 (2012): 197–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200011767.
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This article uses international migration flow (entry and exit) data as compiled by Walter Willcox and Imre Ferenczi (1970 [1929]) for the years between 1820 and 1924 to discuss the timing and cause of a transition in gender ratios—from male-dominated to gender-balanced—among international migrants. The article compares gender ratios for international migrants at the national, regional, and global levels and identifies when and how migration patterns to the United States resembled those to other parts of the world. Historical variations in gender ratios were considerable enough to render problematic the frequently used label “male-dominated” when applied to past migrations. The article discusses past cases of gender-balanced and female-predominant migrations and proposes an alternative typology for distinguishing among differently gendered international migrations. While some scholarly and popular sources depict the feminization of international migration as a recent phenomenon, historical data suggest that the convergence toward gender-balanced migrations began in the first half of the twentieth century. The article concludes by addressing contemporary debates over globalization and migration and cautions scholars against equating increased female mobility with egalitarian gender relations.
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Portes, Alejandro. "International Migration and National Development." Sociology of Development 2, no. 2 (2016): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2016.2.2.73.
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This article reviews theoretical perspectives on migration and development, starting with nineteenth-century political economy theories focused on “colonizing” migrations from England and other European powers and concluding with the emerging literature on immigrant transnationalism and its consequences for sending nations. The general concept of equilibrium has until currently dominated orthodox economic theories of both colonizing and labor migrations from peripheral regions to advanced nations. The counteroffensive, led by Gunnar Myrdal and theorists of the dependency school, centered on the notion of cumulative causation leading to increasing poverty and the depopulation of peripheral sending areas. Both perspectives registered numerous empirical anomalies, stemming from a common view of migration flows as occurring between separate politico-economic entities. An alternative conceptualization of such flows as internal to an overarching global system has improved our understanding of causes and consequences of labor migration and has framed the back-and-forth complexities of these movements captured in the novel notion of transnationalism.
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Vignolles, Benjamin. "Commerce international et migrations." Regards croisés sur l'économie 8, no. 2 (2010): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rce.008.0180.
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Bobic, Mirjana, and Marija Babovic. "International migration in Serbia: Facts and policies." Sociologija 55, no. 2 (2013): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1302209b.
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In the absence of comprehensive, systematic and precize data on international migration in Serbia, and consequently the analysis of migration trends, their drivers and outcomes, the objective of this paper is to offer the review of contemporary migration flows in Serbia. International migration flows are observed in the context of semi-peripheral position of Serbia in the global system, and hindered transformation and development. Migrations are analyzed at the macro level, according to the key dimensions, such as the intensity, directions of flows and characteristics of migrants. The analysis is grounded in the basic classification to outward and inward migration flows (emigration and immigration), including some that include both aspects as they are transit migrations from underdeveloped to developed countries through the territory of Serbia. Within this basic division, migration flows are analyzed separately depending on their legal status as defined by present international and national normative frameworks, as well as by motivation for migration. In addition to the analysis of main migratory trends, the attention is focused to the actual migration management policies.
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Singh, Ruchi, and Ibrahim Sirkeci. "Editorial: Focus on Indian migrations." Migration Letters 18, no. 3 (May 16, 2021): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v18i3.1453.
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In this issue, we have brought together articles focusing on Indian and South Asian migration experiences and patterns. India has been a major player in international migration, including remittances flows, but also a major scene of internal migrations. This is to an extent perhaps expected as the second largest population in the world residing across a vast geography rich with ethnic, religious and linguistic diversity. The 2018 United Nations World Migration Report states that the Indian diaspora is the largest in the world, with over 15.6 million people living outside the Sub-continent. International migration from India can be traced back even before indentured labour flows initiated under the British colonialism. India is a leading country of origin and a major supplier of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled work force. These migration flows from India has attracted significant interest among scholars of migration studies. In this editorial, we are offering some insights and an overview of Indian migrations since the British era.
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Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. "Contemporary African Migrations in a Global Context." African Issues 30, no. 1 (2002): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500006235.
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Migrations from the South to the North are sometimes seen as representing civilizational counterpenetration, revolutionary cosmopolitanism, and cultural transnationalism. The culturalist biases of these perspectives tend to ignore a fundamental feature of international migration, that more often than not people migrate to sell their labor power and that the patterns of migration, labor procurement, and utilization are conditioned by the dynamics of capitalist development, expansion, and accumulation. Not only is international migration tied to the changing dynamics of capitalism as a world system, it constitutes a critical element of the international division of labor.
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Plaut, W. Gunther. "Jewish Ethics and International Migrations." International Migration Review 30, no. 1 (1996): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2547455.
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Faini, Riccardo. "Développement, commerce international et migrations." Revue d'économie du développement 10, no. 1 (2002): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/edd.161.0085.
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Plaut, W. Gunther. "Jewish Ethics and International Migrations." International Migration Review 30, no. 1 (March 1996): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839603000103.
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Jews developed a distinct ethical approach to the question of dealing with strangers in society. Examples are provided from Jewish ethical literature to illuminate this attitude and its practice. This paper touches on the Jewish migratory experience in the last 2,000 years and their acceptance in Christian and Muslim countries. Note is taken of the concept of “refuge,” which was created by the Hebrew Bible and has had a significant influence on the Sanctuary Movement. The essay concludes with a personal observation, based on the author's life experience.
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Ivkovic, Marija. "International nurse migrations: Global trends." Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cviji?, SASA 61, no. 2 (2011): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ijgi1102053i.
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Piekutowska, Agnieszka. "International migrations and global poverty." Współczesne Problemy Ekonomiczne 13 (2016): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/wpe.2016.13-03.
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Rybakovsky, Leonid, and Natalia Kozhevnikova. "Еmigration processes from Russia: directions, scale, ethnic structure." Population 22, no. 1 (May 8, 2019): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/1561-7785-2019-00003.
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After the collapse of the Soviet Union the structure of migration processes in Russia radically changed, a significant part of the internal migrations transformed into international ones. Although the scale of internal migrations noticeably decreased, still they continued to exceed international by several times. Along with the re-emigration of Russians and the immigration of people of other nationalities to Russia from the countries of the new abroad, which assumed a mass character, the international emigration from Russia to the countries of the old abroad increased significantly. This international migration flow has become permanent in the post-Soviet period. Analysis of statistical data made it possible to conclude that the scale of international migration, that substantially increased in the 1990s, in the zero years of the 21st century declined markedly. This applies both to immigration flows to Russia from the countries of the new abroad and to emigration flows from Russia to the countries of the old abroad. Despite the significant reduction in emigration from Russia in the twenty-first century, the main recipient countries for emigrants, as they were originally, are still Germany, Israel and the United States. The latter is due to the ethnic component. The article shows the extent to which international migrations damage Russia and improve labor (first of all, scientific and technical) and demographic potential of a number of recipient countries. It is emphasized that the solution of these problems is beyond the scope of state migration policy.
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Otterstrom, Samuel M. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 277–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100202.
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This paper models one facet of the relationship between housing market price shifts and income migration among U.S. regions: how income migration relates to regional housing price clusters. The tremendous negative slide in national housing prices from 2006 to 2012 had an uneven spatial distribution. These differences are explored within the context of net income and net population migration (movement of money with people). Median housing prices for urban areas from 2005 to 2010 and IRS county-to-county migration data are used to compare income migration among urban clusters of similar housing price trends. Selective migrations of people and income in and out of these housing clusters have either exacerbated the housing bust or softened its decline. Income effectiveness, or the gain or loss of money caused by migration, is a helpful measure that can be used to help predict future housing price movements.
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Vurnek, Dragutin, Andrea Bengez, and Matej Perkov. "Security Aspects of Migrations." Acta Economica Et Turistica 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 157–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aet-2018-0011.
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AbstractMigrations as an inevitable fact of socioeconomic trends pose a security challenge for migrant countries, transition countries, and the countries where migrants come as to the ultimate destination. They are realized in a large area with a large number of participants and global consequences. This paper, through the basic determinants of migrations, statistical indicators on migrations, security challenges, risks and threats, migration policy and international security, provides answers to the questions about the numerical movement of migrants from the seventies of the last century to today on a global scale. Responses are also given about the reasons for triggering migrations, the most desirable migrant destinations, and the impact of migrations on security in departure, transit and destination countries. Particular attention is given to the last migration crisis that has largely affected the European Union.
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Gozzini, Giovanni. "The global system of international migrations, 1900 and 2000: a comparative approach." Journal of Global History 1, no. 3 (November 2006): 321–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022806003020.
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The aim of this paper is to compare international migrations in two different periods of history, both of them marked by a rapid increase in the trend: the first period runs from 1870 to 1914, and the second from 1965 to 2000. Historical and current migration system maps are compared, together with their different combinations of push and pull factors, and of coerced and free migrations. The various repercussions that international migrations have on demographic structure and on the economic systems of the sending and receiving countries are counterbalanced by a number of significant analogies that occur at the microlevel (individual and community) of the mechanisms governing the decision to migrate, and of migrants’ identities and behavioural patterns. The final section shows that migrants in both periods retain ties to both their old and new countries (as indicated by remittances and return migration), despite the major obstacles that stand in the way of the free circulation of international migrants today. This suggests that an analysis of migration systems, emphasizing ongoing interactions of various sorts between sending and receiving areas, is superior to either a model based on the presumption that assimilation will occur over time or one which presumes an irreducible ‘multiculturalism’.
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Siqueira Baltar, Cláudia, and Ronaldo Baltar. "Administrative records and international estimates for international migration analysis." Revista Cadernos do Ceom 36, no. 58 (June 13, 2023): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22562/2023.58.01.
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This paper addresses the challenges of analyzing contemporary international migration, in the context of South American countries, using databases composed of international migration estimates, from 1990 to 2019, organized by the United Nations, and administrative records produced by the selected countries, between 2000 and 2019. The analysis is developed with reference to the Bengali migration to South America, considered as the expression of one of the trends of South-South migration, in the context of South America, characterized by migratory flows with no historical tradition with the countries of the region. We take into account theories that consider the complexity of contemporary international migrations and their specificities in regional and border contexts. In this study, we organize and discuss United Nations estimates and registration systems for migrants and border movements in South American countries. Our objective is to develop the debate on contemporary international migration, based on the analysis of the data sources available to capture migratory phenomena in the regional context. With this, we seek to contribute to the deepening of studies on south-south international migration in South American countries, considering the complexities of such migratory processes in supranational and border areas.
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Kostrzewa, Zofia, Lucyna Nowak, Dorota Szałtys, and Janusz Witkowski. "Kierunki doskonalenia statystyki migracji zagranicznych ludności." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2010, no. 5 (May 28, 2010): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2010.05.1.
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Main improvements of external migration statistics in EU are presented in the article. On the base of papers presented during the 95th DGINS Conference, experiences of some EU-countries as well as their activities to improve the statistical data quality concerning external migrations are discussed. The statistical system of external migrations in Poland is presented in this context. These very statistics should deliver both data on streams and migration resources. Polish migration statistics use three types of data sources as follows: the administrative system, statistical surveys, foreign data sources. An estimation methodology of migration sizes is an important factor. Some activities, i.e. a spectrum extension of existing as well as a search for new data sources and improvement of current surveys as well as developing international cooperation and wider using results of scientific researches, and intensification of cooperation with government administration as well as units using information on migrations or responsible for migration politics, were implemented to improve the Polish statistical system of external migrations.
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Valenta, Marko, Jo Jakobsen, Drago Župarić-Iljić, and Hariz Halilovich. "Syrian Refugee Migration, Transitions in Migrant Statuses and Future Scenarios of Syrian Mobility." Refugee Survey Quarterly 39, no. 2 (May 23, 2020): 153–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rsq/hdaa002.
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Abstract This article analyses the international migrations and statuses of people who left Syria after the outbreak of the civil war. In addition to exploring the dynamics of Syrian refugee migrations since 2011, we also discuss future prospects and possibilities of return. The ambition of the article is twofold. First, we aim to develop and nuance the typology of migrations of Syrians. Secondly, the article seeks to explore useful lessons from former large-scale refugee migrations; that is, knowledge which may hopefully contribute to preparing the relevant institutions and organisations for Syrian migrations in the eventual post-war period. Based on experiences from other post-conflict situations, several possible future scenarios of Syrian migrations are discussed. The proposed typologies of migrants and repatriation regimes may help us understand the nuances, the dynamic of status change and the complexity of the forced migrations. It is maintained that migration trends, reception, and repatriation conditions and policies are highly interconnected. Refugees’ responses to reception and repatriation regimes result in transitions in their legal statuses in receiving countries and changing motivations for migration and repatriation.
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Kultalahti, Olli. "Developments in Education and International Migrations in New Member States of the EU." European Spatial Research and Policy 19, no. 2 (January 15, 2013): 39–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10105-012-0014-7.
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The paper examines the development of education systems and international migrations in selected new Member States. The countries are Estonia, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The paper focuses on various elements in the development of education systems making people able to cope with competition on global labour markets. The outcomes of these developments largely regulate the supply of labour and consequently its international demand. Some statistics on international migration and integration of migrants in global labour markets are presented. The aim of this paper is to raise questions about relevant issues to be paid attention to in studies focusing on education and international migrations rather than to try to give any straightforward solutions.
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Teitelbaum, Michael S. "4: International Relations and Asian Migrations." Center for Migration Studies special issues 5, no. 3 (May 1987): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2050-411x.1987.tb00956.x.
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Royuela, Vicente, and David Castells Quintana. "International migrations and urbanisation: 1960-2010." International Journal of Global Environmental Issues 13, no. 2/3/4 (2014): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijgenvi.2014.064504.
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Emini, Ridvan, and Mentor Tahiri. "Forced Migrations and the International Law." SEEU Review 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/seeur-2022-0028.
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Abstract Forced population migration is not a modern phenomenon. It is often an integral part of totalitarian policies and has been used repeatedly to ensure the survival of political regimes or achieve specific political ambitions. Violent migration is present practically throughout history when considering the time scope and everywhere, practically in all continents of the world, with a specter of variations depending on the context imposed by the political circumstances, we can encounter it under different names. These variations have also reflections in the terminology used, among others, they are also indicators that speak of the different methods applied in order to achieve particular policies. Individuals, families, or even whole peoples are forced to migrate violently, abandon their homes and leave behind them all their lives, including the material goods created up to that moment. Seen from a normal retrospective, forced migration represents the culmination of a regime’s goals to dominate the territory without hindrance from any possible resistance. This fact has brought so many tragedies to humanity, and even worse, it has often ended with “legitimization” by international treaties or has even been the product of inter-state agreements. Forced population migration has clearly brought to the surface the evil purpose and has revealed territorial ambitions.
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Rodionova, L. V., and A. Ya Trotskovsky. "POPULATION MIGRATION AS A MECHANISM FOR FORMING INTEGRATED SOCIO-ECONOMIC SPACE." Economics Profession Business, no. 3 (September 12, 2022): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/epb202244.
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This article is devoted to the analysis of permanent and temporary migrations of the Altai Region population in the context of the socio-economic space integration. Intraregional, interregional and international migration links were described; factors and mechanisms that determine their scale, intensity and effectiveness were identified; specificity of the influence of the various migration types on the development of integration processes in the socio-economic space was shown. In the field of population exchange with other regions of Russia, the region acts as a donor, which limits its demographic potential both for its own development and for the development of integration processes in other areas. International migrations were characterized by the expansion of the migration interactions space, the complexity of its structure and the positive migration balance with neighboring countries throughout the study period. Intra-regional migrations were characterized by the concentration of the population in large cities and surrounding rural areas. As a result, there was a fragmentation of the internal socioeconomic space. Within the dynamics of the analyzed interactions, four stages were distinguished, two of which (1990-1994s and 2010-2013s) were characterized by an increase in migration ties, and the other two (1995-2009s and 2014-2020s) by their weakening. The conclusion about the expanding space of interregional migration interactions and especially significant role of Siberian regions in this process was made.
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Ilijić, Ljeposava, and Nikola Vujičić. "Redefining the concept of security from the aspect of modern imigrations." Strani pravni zivot, no. 4 (2020): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/spz64-24990.
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The paper analyses the contemporary security concept, with a special review of the security aspects of migrations. After the introduction, which primarily offers certain terminological concerns, and a review of the historical development of the term security, the paper points to the impact of globalization to national security, and the existence of interdependence of countries in modern age. For this reason, the paper especially emphasizes the importance of international organizations, as well as international documents, which present the basic guidelines for treatment of security risks modern society is facing. Although literature points to a series of security challenges and threats, it seems that in recent years the problem of mass migrations is a special problem, which was the reason for the other part of the paper to be dedicated to security aspects of migrations, in two basic directions: first, pointing to the principal problems appearing as the consequence of migrations, and second, presentation of the model for a response to the migration crisis. The last part of the paper is dedicated to conclusive contemplations.
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Achikbache, Bahjat, and Francis Anglade. "Les villes prises d’assaut : les migrations internes." Politique africaine 31, no. 1 (1988): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/polaf.1988.5197.
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Invaded cities : international migrations. Demographic growth in Congo creates an urban migration of the youth, attracted towards schools and jobs. But the structure of the urban job market does not often allow them to fulfill their desire. Jobs have to be created in rural areas, but how ?
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Andrijasevic, Rutvica, and William Walters. "L’Organisation internationale pour les migrations et le gouvernement international des frontières." Cultures & conflits, no. 4 (December 31, 2011): 13–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/conflits.18225.
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Ðelić, Anastazija Tanja. "Contemporary Migration as a Repercussion of Economic Globalization and Democratic Processes, with Reference to Serbia and the Balkans." Dialogue and Universalism 32, no. 3 (2022): 235–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202232350.
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The central problem in the present globalization and democratic processes is the constant increase of socio-economic inequalities. This involves modern migrations with overall risks. As a social phenomenon, migration has been presented since ancient times. It occurs in all societies and due to historical, social and cultural differences, the reaction of individuals and communities to migration can be very different. In the contemporary society that emphasizes mobility and information flow, migrations have become an integral part of life and society. Moreover, their scope and patterns become more and more complex. Given the recent increase in irregular migration to Europe, there is growing interest in developing new ways to collect and analyse data on irregular migration. Migration is today more than ever at the centre of global attention. The main goal of internationational organizations in this field is to harness the development potential of migration for individual migrants and societies. The Balkans region has witnessed a sharp increase in the numbers of mixed migration flows arriving in or transiting through its territory, along the so-called Balkan route. My country, i.e. Serbia, is facing a series of political, economic, social and cultural challenges, which this paper examines, explaining why the state still has a high emigration and low immigration potential, as well as to what extent the return to Serbia today is a complex option. In addition to the high numbers, the mixed composition of these flows adds complexity to the task of addressing them effectively and in line with international commitments and standards. This study focuses on the relations between international organizations, migrations and national interests of countries. The author determines that migrations are, to some extent, a challenge for the Balkan region, not only in terms of an increased danger of extremism, but also because of the possible outbreak of regional conflicts.
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Mahler, Sarah J., and Patricia R. Pessar. "Gender Matters: Ethnographers Bring Gender from the Periphery toward the Core of Migration Studies." International Migration Review 40, no. 1 (March 2006): 27–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2006.00002.x.
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Ethnographers from anthropology, sociology, and other disciplines have been at the forefront of efforts to bring gender into scholarship on international and transnational migration. This article traces the long and often arduous history of these scholars' efforts, arguing that though gender is now less rarely treated merely as a variable in social science writing on migration, it is still not viewed by most researchers in the field as a key constitutive element of migrations. The article highlights critical advances in the labor to engender migration studies, identifies under-researched topics, and argues that there have been opportunities when, had gender been construed as a critical force shaping migrations, the course of research likely would have shifted. The main example developed is the inattention paid to how gendered recruitment practices structure migrations – the fact that gender sways recruiters' conceptions of appropriate employment niches for men versus women.
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Haque, Ziaul. "Hastings Donnan and Pnina Werbner (eds). Economy and Culture in Pakistan: Migrants and Cities in a Muslim Society. London: Macmillan. 1991. 268 pp." Pakistan Development Review 31, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v31i3pp.325-328.
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Modem economic factors and forces are rapidly transforming the world into a single society and economy in which the migration of people at the national and international levels plays an important role. Pakistan, as a modem nation, has characteristically been deeply influenced by such migrations, both national and international. The first great exodus occurred in 1947 when over eight million Indian Muslims migrated from different parts of India to Pakistan. Thus, from the very beginning mass population movements and migrations have been woven into Pakistan's social fabric through its history, culture and religion. These migrations have greatly influenced the form and substance of the national economy, the contours of the political system, patterns of urbanisation and the physiognomy of the overall culture and history of the country. The recent political divide of Sindh on rural/Sindhi, and urban/non-Sindhi, ethnic and linguistic lines is the direct result of these earlier settlements of these migrants in the urban areas of Sindh.
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Castillo Ramírez, Guillermo. "Autonomía de las migraciones: de la producción política de fronteras a las luchas migrantes." Migraciones internacionales 14 (April 15, 2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2573.
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Within a global context, the increase in migrations in different regions of the world during this century has led to an increase in academic production on migration. The aim of this article is to analyze the autonomy of migration from the approaches of two of its greatest exponents, Mezzadra and De Genova, who investigate migration’s political condition, addressing the relationships of mutual influence between migrants, borders, and the State. The contribution of this paper is to show how this theoretical approach focuses on two fundamental processes to understand migration. On the one hand, it refers to the actions, strategies, and practices of those involved in shaping cross-border migration. On the other hand, it considers the role of States and borders as legal-political and historical constructs in shaping international (often irregular) migratory flows.
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Ćudić, Bojan, Matjaž Klemenčič, and Jernej Zupančič. "The influence of COVID-19 on international labor migrations from Bosnia and Herzegovina to EU." Dela, no. 53 (December 17, 2020): 71–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dela.53.71-95.
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The article deals with the contemporary labor migrations from Bosnia and Herzegovina to Slovenia and the other countries of European Union, specifically during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. On the basis of fieldwork among the participants in these migrations, it seeks to identify the specifics of circumstances and situations that arose suddenly with the closure of political borders and the demands of social distancing. In these circumstances, we supposed that labor migrants found themselves to be a particularly vulnerable group of population. The case study has denied that this is completely true. On the other hand, labor migrations from Bosnia and Herzegovina to Central, Western and North European and some non-European countries have been a continuous process for the last century and at least migration flows must be taken as a fact which directions, volumes and character are greatly influenced by labor market regulations in each individual EU member and other states. Periodically, specific political and social situations also gain importance. The COVID-19 pandemic has exactly such an impact.
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Rogler, Lloyd H. "International migrations: A framework for directing research." American Psychologist 49, no. 8 (1994): 701–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.49.8.701.
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Ratushny, S. "INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LAW: HISTORICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF ESTABLISHMENT." Scientific Notes Series Law 1, no. 13 (March 2023): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-9230-2022-13-166-171.
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The article examines the historical and legal aspects of the emergence and development of international migration law. An attempt is made to study the patterns of evolutionary development of international legal regulation of relations in the field of international migrations, the place and conceptual foundations of international migration law as a separate branch of international public law. The growth of migration flows, their acquisition of new quantitative and qualitative characteristics, being determined by economic, ecological, military-political, demographic and other factors, exerts a strong influence on all aspects of the functioning of the world system, becoming an indispensable component of many spatial changes that determine the essence of territorial identity social groups and form a new culture of thinking, which is based on various social norms, including the principles and norms of international law. The most obvious and effective way of regulating international migration, taken in the dynamics of qualitative changes in its trends and forms, social relationships, socio-economic and political-legal processes, development of technical capabilities of means of communication, is its international legal regulation, carried out as universal and at the regional levels of interstate cooperation, taking into account the evolution and historical development of international legal doctrine and practice. At the same time, the accuracy of the expected assessment of the results of international legal regulation directly depends on the adequacy of the understanding of the legal nature, essence and place of international migration law in the general legal system. It should be fundamental to understand and accept the thesis that the ideology and philosophy of legal regulation of relations in the field of international migration is based on the thesis of the need to find and ensure a balance between state sovereignty - the cornerstone of the international legal order and freedom of movement - one of the basic human freedoms. These basic elements remained practically unchanged during the entire historical period of international legal regulation of relations in the field of international migrations, although the level of tension between them and the ways of articulation of the latter changed throughout the history of international law at the doctrinal level and in the practice of state approaches.
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Avdashkin, А. A. "Internal and international migrations: opinion of the South Urals." POWER AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE EAST OF RUSSIA 94, no. 1 (2021): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1818-4049-2021-94-1-188-197.
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The presented article shows the results of implementation of the project «Ethno-demographic processes in the Asian Russia: the current situation, forecasts and risks» on the materials of the Chelyabinsk region. This region is one of the most densely populated, the regional center is a large Russian city with a million population. Significant industrial and scientific potential is concentrated on the territory of the South Urals, and the agro-industrial complex is highly developed. However, in recent years, there has been an intensive outflow of population from the region due to the deterioration of the environmental situation, as well as a tangible decline in the living standards. At the same time, immigrants from the Central Asia are playing more and more important positions in the regional labor market. Empirical basis of the study is the results of two sociological surveys (mass and student youth). Methodological framework of the article is the theory of mobility and transnationalism. These methods applied in combination have shown significant cognitive potential. They make it possible to understand the internal Russian and international migration as a complex scientific and practical problem interconnected with the dynamics of internal Russian migrations in general, and the functioning of the Eurasian migration system in particular. The results of sociological sections carried out clearly demonstrated that the Chelyabinsk region is losing its attractiveness for the life of population, which gives a tangible impetus to the growth of migration moods. This is especially true for the younger generation. At the same time, the population is increasingly showing a wary attitude towards migrants from the Central Asia in general, from Tajikistan in particular. Despite the fact that there are no obvious signs of intergroup hostility, there are certain aggravations in the relationship between the host and migrants.
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Hickey, Maureen. "Modernisation, Migration, and Mobilisation: Relinking Internal and International Migrations in the ‘Migration and Development Nexus’." Population, Space and Place 22, no. 7 (October 2016): 681–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psp.1952.
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Schaeffer, P. V. "A Dynamical Model of Labor-Market Change in International Labor Migrations When Demand for Labor is Exogenous." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 19, no. 8 (August 1987): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a191051.
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Relatively little is known about the long-run behavior of international labor migrations. One of the biggest concerns in immigration debates relates to the continued pressure on the borders of the wealthy countries. This immigration pressure will decline significantly only if the poor nations manage to provide more high-wage jobs. An earlier model of international labor migration is used to derive additional insights into the growth and decline of labor supply in different labor markets resulting from migration. Particular attention is paid to labor demand growth requirements in a sending country so that out-migration will slow down and eventually stop.
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Antil, Alain, Christophe Bertossi, Victor Magnani, and Matthieu Tardis. "Migrations : logiques africaines." Politique étrangère Printemps, no. 1 (February 11, 2016): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pe.161.0011.
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Les causes des déplacements de populations africaines, dans leurs pays, sur le continent, ou vers l’Europe, sont anciennes et multiples. Le terme de « migrations » recouvre des situations, et des implications, internes et internationales, très diverses. Les facteurs de la mobilité doivent être analysés finement. On ne peut répondre à la complexité du problème par la simple gestion des frontières, ou l’externalisation de la question, comme semble tentée de le faire l’Union européenne.
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Santa Bárbara e Rogério Haesbaert, Marcelo de Jesus. "Identidade e Migração em Àreas Transfronteiriças." GEOgraphia 3, no. 5 (September 21, 2009): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/geographia2001.35.a13398.
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Resumo Os estudos sobre migrações adquirem crescente importância no mundo contemporâneo e também no Brasil, que se insere em circuitos como o das migrações transfronteiriças com os vizinhos do Mercosul. Este processo é aqui analisado sob a ótica do conflito ou do jogo de identidades culturais e sua participação na construção de novas territorialidades, especialmente as redes transfronteiriças. Palavras-chave: Identidade, Migração, Redes, Mercosul.Abstract The studies about migrations become very important in recent times. Brazil is also in international migration circuits, like the frontier migrations with neighbour countries of Mercosul. This dynamic is studied through the concept of identity as a conflict or a play and its participation in the making of new territorialities, specially those of frontier networks. Keywords: Identity, Migration, Networks, Mercosul.
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Santa Bárbara e Rogério Haesbaert, Marcelo de Jesus. "Identidade e Migração em Àreas Transfronteiriças." GEOgraphia 3, no. 5 (September 21, 2009): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/geographia2001.v3i5.a13398.
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Resumo Os estudos sobre migrações adquirem crescente importância no mundo contemporâneo e também no Brasil, que se insere em circuitos como o das migrações transfronteiriças com os vizinhos do Mercosul. Este processo é aqui analisado sob a ótica do conflito ou do jogo de identidades culturais e sua participação na construção de novas territorialidades, especialmente as redes transfronteiriças. Palavras-chave: Identidade, Migração, Redes, Mercosul.Abstract The studies about migrations become very important in recent times. Brazil is also in international migration circuits, like the frontier migrations with neighbour countries of Mercosul. This dynamic is studied through the concept of identity as a conflict or a play and its participation in the making of new territorialities, specially those of frontier networks. Keywords: Identity, Migration, Networks, Mercosul.
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McKeown, Adam. "Regionalizing World Migration." International Review of Social History 52, no. 1 (March 9, 2007): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859006002859.
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An insistence on the broad similarities and structural linkages of migrations across the globe since the 1840s is important because it can clear the ground for more effective comparisons. Only after questioning the a priori distinction that privileges “modern” transatlantic migrations as categorically distinct from those in the rest of the world can we begin to understand each migrant and migrant flow as emerging from a distinct nexus of global, regional, local, and historical processes. I think I am in agreement with all of the participants in this forum on this basic point. Rather than quibble over numbers and definitions, all of the contributions have attempted to refine our historical comparisons and question some of the interpretive frameworks that are rooted in depictions of the Atlantic migrations as a norm. Once this global foundation is established, we can engage in the detailed empirical and conceptual work that will better address the sticky problems of numbers and categories. Who and what is actually being counted and not counted? When and why should we distinguish between long and short distance, or between international and domestic migration? How should we deal with return and repeat migrations? What is revealed or obscured by taking individuals, families or more extended networks as the basic units of migration? What is the practical or discursive significance of “free” migration?
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Szafraniec, Krystyna. "Spatial mobility as a carrier of cultural capital: an analysis based on a longitudinal study of generations." Eastern European Countryside 27, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 7–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/eec.2021.001.
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Abstract For many years international migrations have been the primary focus of spatial mobility research, whereas internal migrations – occurring within one state – have aroused significantly less interest. However, the latter are not only an important complement to the former, but they also seem to have a much greater impact on the domestic affairs of the state. For example, internal migrations engage the resources (intellectual, cultural, social) of much wider cohorts of people who therefore become, with varying degrees of significance, agents of social changes. This article presents an analysis of the spatial mobility of two generations monitored during a 45-year-long longitudinal research project. Its broad time perspective makes it possible to analyse not only the net changes with regard to the place of residence, a typical focus of migration studies, but also gross changes (migration flows). The aim of this article is to determine the scale and the social embeddedness of the migration flows in both generations. It is assumed that, due to differences in generational biographies and resources, as well as changes in the quality of life in rural areas compared to urban areas, migrations in both generations, even though occurring at the same stages of life, are different. As a result, the resources contributed by migrants to their new places of residence also carry a different quality.
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Pereira, Andrés, and Angélica Alvites Baiadera. "La OIT en Latinoamérica: laboratorio para una regulación internacional y ordenada de las migraciones (1936-1966)." Migraciones internacionales 14 (April 30, 2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2556.
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This article analyses the treatment that International Labour Organization (ILO) gave to international migration in Latin America—between 1930 and 1960—at the American Labor Conferences. Based on a qualitative methodology, a documentary corpus consisting of memories, statements, and reports produced in the context of the conferences held by the organization was constructed and analyzed. This document aims to contribute to the scarce existing academic production about the treatment that migrations received during the period in question by international organizations. It also shows how the possibility of regulating migration at the regional level was established on the ILO agenda. The article concludes that this agenda, marked by utilitarian thinking schemes on migration, is a laboratory for the incipient promotion of measures aimed at the denationalization of migration policies.
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Castles, Stephen. "Italians in Australia: Building a Multicultural Society on the Pacific Rim." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 1, no. 1 (March 1991): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.1.1.45.
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The mass migrations of the last half century have taken many forms: population movements resulting from decolonization; temporary labor migration; family reunion; refugee movements; and professional mobility within transnational corporations. Often these types have been linked, and clear distinctions have been impossible. For all their differences, the migrations of the last half century are the result of global processes of economic and social change: concentration of production and development of new industrial areas; global integration of markets for finance, commodities, and labor, incorporation of previously peripheral areas into the mainstream of the world economy. In the early 1970s, many observers believed that capital movements within the “new international division of labor” would make labor migration obsolete. There is no sign that this is happening: migration remains as important as ever, though the directions and forms have changed.
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Klein, Alexander, and Jelle van Lottum. "The Determinants of International Migration in Early Modern Europe: Evidence from the Maritime Sector, c. 1700–1800." Social Science History 44, no. 1 (2020): 143–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2019.43.
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ABSTRACTThis article offers the first multivariate regression study of international migration in early modern Europe. Using unique eighteenth-century data about maritime workers, we created a data set of migration flows among European countries to examine the role of factors related to geography, population, language, the market, and chain migration in explaining the migration of these workers across countries. We show that among all factors considered in our multivariate analysis, the geographical characteristics of the destination countries, size of port towns, and past migrations are among the most robust and quantitatively the most important factors influencing cross-country migration flows.
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Buitrago R., Ricardo Ernesto. "Free trade agreements and their impact on latin american migrations: An approach." Equidad y Desarrollo, no. 10 (July 10, 2008): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19052/ed.262.
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This paper aims to review the causes of international migration and the potential impact of FTAs (Free TradeAgreements) on latin american migrations. The first part describes the economic and non-economic causes for migration. The second one shows the potential impact of FTAs in the economy (job creation/destruction by sectors) in CAFTA countries and Colombia.The last part shows that there is little correlation between the commercial openness (FTAs) and the reduction of poverty. Poverty seems to be increasing in the studied countries –even more in those with the most open commercial regimens, than in those with the most closed ones. Data proves that openness doesn’t reduce the poverty automatically; on the contrary, in some (regional or subregional) cases it increases and causes a major determinant of international migration in latin american countries.
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Łukaszewska-Bezulska, Justyn. "Integration and Cooperation in the Context of Social Capital of Ethnically Diverse Local Communities in a Migration Situation." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 47, no. 1 (179) (2021): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.21.002.13314.
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The aim of the article is to analyse the level, forms and manifestations of cooperation and integration between the members of two ethnically diverse local communities in which there are intense international migrations. Based on individual in-depth interviews, expert interviews and observations, an attempt was made to determine to what extent international labour migrations and ethnic and cultural diversity affect the level of integration in cooperation between the actual and declarative dimensions. The aim of the article is also to determine what is the nature of the local bond, in particular the neighbourhood bond. It has been demonstrated that economic migration is an important factor influencing the level of integration and cooperation in local communities: it results in removing the migrant from his or her community of origin, thus weakening the same level of integration and cooperation between its members, but also provides an opportunity to make new, lasting and significant acquaintances, including between people from the same locality of different ethnic and cultural origin. Spatial mobility can also cause divisions between its subjects and the rest of the community. The impact of international migrations on social capital depends on the time the migrant spends outside the local community. It is not the length of stay abroad that matters, but above all the frequency of visits to the place of origin.
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Schuerkens, Ulrike. "International Migrations and the Issue of Multiculturalism - Introduction." International Review of Sociology 10, no. 3 (November 2000): 317–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03906700020014404.
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