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Relevant bibliographies by topics / International normative theory

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Academic literature on the topic 'International normative theory'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "International normative theory"

1

Paterson, Matthew. "International relations theory: new normative approaches." International Affairs 69, no. 2 (April 1993): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2621598.

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Hoffman, Mark. "States, cosmopolitanism and normative international theory." Paradigms 2, no. 1 (June 1988): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600828808442960.

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Hoffman, Mark. "Towards a normative theory of international relations." International Affairs 63, no. 1 (1986): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2620240.

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Mansbach, Richard W. "Integrating Normative Theory in Teaching International Relations." International Studies Perspectives 13, no. 1 (December 20, 2011): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-3585.2011.00451.x.

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DOBSON, LYNN. "Normative theory and Europe." International Affairs 82, no. 3 (May 2006): 511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2006.00548.x.

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Frost, Mervyn. "Normative theory and international relations: overcoming the posittvist bias." Politikon 12, no. 1 (June 1985): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589348508704845.

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Munyao, Allan. "THE NORMATIVE IRRELEVANCE OF AUSTIN’S COMMAND THEORY IN INTERNATIONAL LAW." Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 28, no. 3 (October 15, 2016): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmh.16694.

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AbstractJohn Austin has been widely criticized and supported in equal measure for his bold assertion that international law is not ‘real law’ due to the lack of a ‘sovereign’. This article explores Austin’s position and analyzes it as against its veracity in relation to current legal systems; modern contemporary international law; and analysis of legal questions in the international arena. While indeed Austin’s position was true about the legal systems of his time, the same cannot be transposed into the international legal system. If on the other hand the transposition is necessary, it will be shown that international law is indeed ‘real law’ with a somewhat real ‘sovereign’ just like any municipal law

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Brown, Chris. "Ethics of coexistence: the international theory of Terry Nardin." Review of International Studies 14, no. 3 (July 1988): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500113270.

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Normative international theory addresses the moral dimension of international society and the logic of ‘ought’ statements in international relations. The traditional content of normative international theory has been dominated by such issues as: the nature of international law and the moral basis of the rights and duties it imposes on states and individuals; the ethics of pacifism and the theory of the 6just war’ the morality of intervention; and, most fundamentally, the nature of the ethical requirements that need to be met if a system of inter-state relations can justly be characterized as an ‘international society’. While such issues have never disappeared from academic study, the dominant modes of international relations theorizing in the 1960s and 1970s—whether realist, neo-realist, pluralist or structuralist—were at one, if for different reasons? in keeping them at the bottom of the agenda paper. And yet, the 1980s has seen a revival of normative international theory. The reasons for this renewal of interest are two-fold. On the one hand, the traditional agenda of normative theory, as outlined above, has never lost its salience in the real world even if unfashionable in academia; since it is in the nature of fashions to change some sort of revival of interest in the old questions was to be expected. But of rather more importance has been the emergence of a new range of normative issues: demands from the ‘south’ for a New International Economic Order have placed the politics of redistribution on the international agenda for the first time—revisionist states in the 1980s no longer make territorial demands but appeal to status quo oriented states to make concessions on the basis of economic justice. In today's world normative statements are as likely to be about the debt crisis as they are to be about the conduct of the Gulf War or the US intervention in Grenada. Mainstream international relations theory has generally refused to ask or answer moral questions, but this strategy of avoidance has not succeeded. Questions such as ‘what ought to be our attitude to poverty in the South?’ or ‘how ought the world' financial system respond to the debt problems of Brazil or Zambia?’ cannot be wished away—as anyone who has taught international political economy will be well aware. Normative theory cannot answer questions like this but it can help each individual to provide his or her own response—and no more important task exists for the discipline of international relations.

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Lepard, Brian D. "Towards a Normative Theory of Customary International Law as Law." Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting 103 (2009): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272503700034601.

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Scott, Shirley V. "The Decline of International Law as a Normative Ideal." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 49, no. 4 (November 15, 2018): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v49i4.5344.

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International law was integral to the rise in power of the United States and has been central to the operation of world politics during the period in which the United States has been the dominant state. This article draws on the theory of International Law as Ideology to explain the manner in which the ideal of international law as politically neutral has served as a rhetorical fulcrum. The theory also offers a framework within which to perceive and assess the significance of an apparent sidelining of the ideal in global politics, including, notably, by the United States. While reduced use of the ideology of international law and introduction of the term "rules-based international order" or "rules-based order" might be the best strategic option at a time of declining power, the theory of International Law as Ideology illuminates the manner in which these developments may at the same time be unwittingly contributing to that decline.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "International normative theory"

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Cochran, Molly. "Normative theory in international relations : a pragmatic approach /." Cambridge, UK ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1999. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/librarytitles/Doc?id=10014908.

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Lomas, Peter. "On the Normative Theory of International Relations." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500644.

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Searl, Mark. "A normative theory of international law based on new natural law theory." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/999/.

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This thesis articulates a normative theory of international law based on new natural law theory. New natural law theory is a theory of ethics, politics, and law that is based on the classical natural law doctrine of Thomas Aquinas. The primary reference point of the thesis in relation to new natural law theory is the work of John Finnis, who in Natural Law and Natural Rights and subsequent writings elaborates the theory in the consideration of fundamental concepts in political philosophy and legal theory. The thesis examines the tenets of new natural law theory regarding the common good, authority, law, justice, human rights, and legal obligation, and uses these to formulate normative claims regarding the moral purpose of international law and the moral standards that international law should satisfy in light of its purpose. The thesis posits the existence of an ‘international common good’, encompassing a set of supranational conditions that are instrumental to human welfare and that require international cooperation for their realisation. The thesis claims that the primary moral purpose of international authority and international law is to further the international common good through resolving the coordination problems of the international community of states. Identifying ‘principles of justice’ for international law, the thesis asserts that positive international law should promote and demonstrate respect for human rights, and should also promote and protect the international common good. The thesis further argues that states have a general moral obligation to obey international law, based primarily on the necessity of state compliance with international laws in order to facilitate the effectiveness of such laws in promoting the international common good. These claims are elaborated with reference to existing features of international law, and through comparison with existing normative and non-normative perspectives in international legal theory on the concepts considered.

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Kazi, Tahseen. "Embodied Cognition as a Methodological Framework for Normative IR." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5091.

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Intersubjectivity is underspecified in normative international relations theory. This underspecification inhibits normative IR methodology and discourse with interest-based theoreticians. Here new advances in embodied cognition, collectively called embodied cognition, are discussed as a possible methodological framework for normative IR. Specific interdisciplinary modeling techniques are offered.

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Dyer, Hugh Croil. "The role of normative theory in the study of international relations : a critical assessment." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1310/.

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The thesis argues for the centrality of normative theory in the study of international relations because of its unique capacity to address values comprehensively, in contrast to the dominant traditions of political realism which marginalises their theoretical significance. Two themes develop, each reflecting opposing pairs: fact/value, is/ought, description/prescription, feasibility/desirability. The first theme concerns the epistemological framework provided by a normative account of such values as the security and stability of knowledge and the orderly apprehension of the world. In contrast to realism, normative theory maintains the distinction between sensory experience and the assignment of meaning, indicating the contingent nature of epistemological foundations. The second theme concerns the political conditions of knowledge which determine the role of different theories, indicating the need for an adaptation of the traditional normative scholarship by overcoming the separation of ethics from politics which has so far limited its role. As values are central phenomena in politics, and politics is essentially normative in form (as is knowledge of it), consideration of value questions cannot be limited to peripheral commentary. The two themes emerge through analyses of the theoretical literature in international relations; of the philosophical foundations of normative theory; of its relationship to ideas and ideologies; of the encapsulation of values and interests in world views; of the communicative dynamic of norms in ethics and epistemology; and finally of the applied cases of deterrence, and foreign policy. The centrality of normative theory is indicated, and its relation to political theory and the study of international relations is examined.

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O'Loughlin, Antony. "Overcoming poststructuralism : Rawls, Kratochwil and the structure of normative reasoning in international relations." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/43961/.

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Theorising about international relations has progressed in recent years, and dialogue between the concurrent disciplines of International Relations, political theory and international law has started to emerge. There is, however, work still to be done in fostering a genuine ‘International Theory’ containing the potential to truly transcend arbitrary disciplinary and methodological boundaries, particularly where the subject matter of the respective disciplines – namely, an inquiry into the means by which a true understanding of the nature and conditions of international relations may be realised – is trans-disciplinary in nature. My thesis seeks to reanalyse the poststructuralist critique of the discipline of International Relations from a contemporary perspective, made possible by the trans-disciplinary progress alluded to above. I choose poststructuralism as a means of considering the most radical attack on the foundations and methodological commitments of traditional IR as I believe the responses which originated from within the discipline – social constructivism in particular – did not go far enough in grounding a robust yet legitimate means by which to construct an understanding of international relations capable of transcending the challenge of poststructuralism. I consider such positions and the constitutive theory of Mervyn Frost in detail before examining the potential of a theoretical amalgamation of the philosophical constructivism of John Rawls with a holistic social constructivist conception of the nature of practical reasoning with norms, as expounded by Friedrich Kratochwil, to ground a ‘completed’ account of normative reasoning capable of overcoming the poststructuralist critique. Finally, I defend the Rawlsian conception of reasonableness (through an analysis of the interpretation afforded such by Peri Roberts) from the charge of overdemandingness levelled at it by Catriona McKinnon. I conclude by claiming that the Rawlsian ideas of reasonableness and public reason can, when combined with Kratochwil’s conception of practical reason, ground a valid response to the challenge of poststructuralism.

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Masa'deh, Orieb Khalaf. "The application of the theory of norms to the translations of international treaties : a case study of the Jordan-Israel peace treaty." Thesis, Durham University, 2003. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1083/.

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This Thesis explains that the development of a method by which researchers can identify normative behaviour of translators will enable the standardisation of equivalences between English and Arabic. The thesis suggests that achieving such a method will minimise political disputes. In showing that norms have an effect on the behaviour of translators, the thesis examines and evaluates the resulting products of translators, i.e. translations, and presents explanations of why these effects occur. By eliminating the choices of equivalences, which were prejudiced by translators' normative behaviour, the standardisation could be achievable. The thesis underscores the inadequacy of the suggestion that translators should learn a certain set of translational norms and should follow them. It argues, however, that being exposed to various norms whether, translational, cultural or otherwise plays an important role in the quality of translation. In illustrating the latter, the thesis provides an empirical study by which one hundred different translations are analysed by the use of a manual corpora method. The experiment records significant factors, which prove the effects of norms on translators, and offers different measures by which these factors are evaluated. Accordingly, the thesis examines the normative behaviour of translators in their decision-making process in relation to the translation of legal texts as part of international documents only. The thesis uses the 10rdanIsraeli Peace Treaty signed in 1994 as a case study. The key point is that, if legal and political translation between English and Arabic is prejudiced by negative normative behaviour, this will without doubt result in political disputes. The aim of this thesis is to suggest a method by which Arabic equivalences of English legal terms are relatively' standardised and compiled in an index to be referred to by legal translators in iUture cases. The thesis suggests the establishment of a translation planning committee (TPC) to act as the authority responsible for conducting the suggested method.

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Russell, Elizabeth Anne. "Seeing the refugee: a vantage point from the middle ground." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33847.

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The vast number of refugees in the world represents a very real, quantifiable, and troublesome "problem" for mainstream scholars of International Relations (IR). Mainstream IR is not able to address the problem of the refugee because of its emphasis on the state as a central actor and its inattention to justice in an international system. This thesis argues that the approaches of the English School and normative theory might come together to create a "via media" or middle ground which better addresses the problem of the refugee in international relations than mainstream IR has to date. While both approaches have limitations, the concept of international society and order versus justice debate of the English School compliments the attention given by normative theory to state responsibility and justice concerns of normative theory. The English School and normative theory can work in tandem to provide a middle ground which can directly address the problem of the refugee. The two approaches together provide a better way to start the conversation concerning the refugee.

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Malone, Christopher David. "The foundations of international political virtue." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0f14f2a6-0d49-4c8d-8ebb-cb5af2cc444d.

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This thesis provides the theoretical groundwork for a 'virtue ethical' account of international political conduct. The project begins by investigating the distinct patterns of normative theorising within international scholarship, noting not only that moral philosophical foundations are unpronounced and interchangeable, but that even in this diminished capacity the influence of virtue ethical thought is limited and fragmentary relative to its competitors. Redressing this underrepresentation is thus dually motivated: developing a fresh perspective on important global issues, whilst also subjecting the theory to an atypical angle of scrutiny. Adapting virtue ethics to the international realm requires, most essentially, that we settle the level at which its concepts should be applied. Can the theory’s central focus on character be reconciled with the collective nature of global political interaction? Can we accurately ascribe virtues and vices to governments and states? These questions of group agency form the heart of thesis investigation. Beginning from abstract foundations, the possible justification for such ascriptions is sought in competing theories of joint action and attitude. The 'individualist' accounts of Searle and Bratman are ultimately rejected in favour of Gilbert's non-reductive 'plural subject' theory, and - presenting group-level accounts of intention, motivation, practical wisdom, emotion and disposition around her concept of 'joint commitment' - a general model of collective character is constructed. Allied to additional requirements of moral responsibility, this framework is then used to assess the virtue-capability of actual political bodies, considering the decision-making hierarchy of the United Kingdom as a case study for the modern state. Tracing the route of policy authorisation across cabinet, government and parliament, a sophisticated yet ultimately impermanent picture of group-virtue-ethical agency is established, in tension with the notion of enduring state liability. By shifting focus to the national level, it is argued that this fluctuating footprint of agency can nevertheless be unified, modifying Gilbert’s notion of a 'population joint commitment' to tie institutional virtue and vice to a persisting state identity. This provides a template for international character evaluation.

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Travers, Richard Patrick. "Confronting crisis : norms, argumentation, and humanitarian intervention." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3844fb71-e9d7-4a37-a77d-8b51ce51b452.

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The purpose of this thesis is theory development. It begins by evaluating existing explanations of why states undertake humanitarian intervention. Realists argue that states only intervene when their national interests are at stake. Normative scholars argue that states are at times motivated to save foreign citizens. Neither approach adequately accounts for the pattern of post-Cold War state practice. Building from this conclusion, the thesis conducts research based on two propositions derived from an analysis of existing debates: that examining state motive holds promise for elucidating the weaknesses in current approaches and that studying state argumentation can provide insight into state motives. To better investigate state motives, a theoretical framework is developed to explain how motives translate into state decision-making and manifest themselves in state argumentation. By employing process tracing, argumentation analysis, and elite interviews, this framework is applied to three cases: Northern Iraq in 1991, Rwanda in 1994, and East Timor in 1999. Each case study constructs a theoretically informed narrative, assesses debates between states at the United Nations Security Council, and evaluates the consistency between state discourse and state practice. The cases are then used heuristically to identify opportunities for improving existing theory and developing new theory. This yields several conclusions. First, not only do states often possess mixed motives, but the humanitarian impulse also appears in some cases to have been a necessary condition for humanitarian intervention. Second, the norm of humanitarian intervention does not function as a general rule. Rather, it is a cluster of principles derived from just war theory and international law, but also connected to related norms about sovereignty, human rights, and self-determination. Third, state decision-making is a collective process structured by the prevailing post-Cold War institutional and normative context. The thesis concludes by outlining promising avenues of research for better understanding why states respond to some occurrences of mass atrocities and not others.

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Books on the topic "International normative theory"

1

International relations theory: New normative approaches. New York: Columbia University Press, 1992.

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1970-, Lensu Maria, and Fritz Jan-Stefan, eds. Value pluralism, normative theory, and international relations. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan Press, 2000.

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Cochran, Molly. Normative theory in international relations: A pragmatic approach. Cambridge: Cambridge Unviersity Press, 1999.

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Cochran, Molly. Normative theory in international relations: A pragmatic approach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

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Frost, Mervyn. Towards a normative theory of international relations: A critical analysis of the philosophical and methodological assumptions in the discipline with proposals towards a substantive normative theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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Towards a normative theory of international relations: A critical analysis of the philosophical and methodological assumptions in the discipline with proposals towards a substantive normative theory. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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Dyer, Hugh C. Moral order/world order: The role of normative theory in the study of international relations. Houndsmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan, 1997.

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Brown, Chris. International Relations Theory, New Normative Approaches. Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993.

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Value pluralism, normative theory, and international relations. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.

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(Editor), Maria Lensu, and Jan-Stefan Fritz (Editor), eds. Value Pluralism, Normative Theory and International Relations (Millennium). Palgrave Macmillan, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "International normative theory"

1

Kemp, Murray C. "Normative Trade Theory." In Positive and Normative Analysis in International Economics, 7–16. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230348202_2.

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Dyer, Hugh C. "Normative Theory and International Relations." In The Study of International Relations, 172–85. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20275-1_8.

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Cochran, Molly. "Normative Theory in the English School." In Guide to the English School in International Studies, 185–203. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118624722.ch12.

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Dekker, Ige F., and Ramses A. Wessel. "Governance by International Organizations: Rethinking the Normative Force of International Decisions." In Governance and International Legal Theory, 215–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6192-5_8.

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Pattanaik, Prasanta K. "Fuzziness and the Normative Theory of Social Choice." In International Series in Intelligent Technologies, 17–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6333-4_2.

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Tsagourias, Nicholas. "The Will of the International Community as a Normative Source of International Law." In Governance and International Legal Theory, 97–121. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6192-5_4.

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Norgbey, Segbedzi, and Michael Spilsbury. "A programme theory approach to evaluating normative environmental interventions." In Evaluating Environment in International Development, 156–79. 2nd ed. 2. | Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003094821-11.

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Celikates, Robin. "Migration. Normative und sozialtheoretische Perspektiven." In Internationale Politische Theorie, 229–44. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05470-8_15.

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Nieuwland, Joachim, and Franck L. B. Meijboom. "“Eek! A Rat!”." In The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics, 301–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63523-7_17.

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AbstractRats are often despised. In what way does such aversion affect moral deliberation, and if so, how should we accommodate any distorting effects on our normative judgements? These questions are explored in this chapter with regard to recent proposals in (1) the ethics of pest management and (2) animal political theory. While ethical frameworks and tools used in the context of animal research can improve moral deliberation with regard to pest management, we argue based on psychological factors regarding the perception of rats that before implementing these methods in either animal research or pest management, one needs to ascertain that rats are owed genuine moral consideration. With regard to animal political theory, we identify three issues: truth-aptness, perception, and moral motivation. To complement as well as address some of the issues found in both animal research ethics and animal political theory, we explore compassion. Starting from compassion, we develop a pragmatist and interspecies understanding of morality, including a shift from an anthropocentric to a multispecies epistemology, and a distributed rather than an individual notion of moral agency. We need to engage with the experience of others, including rats and those who perceive these animals as pests, as well as pay attention to the specific way individual agents are embedded in particular socio-ecological settings so as to promote compassionate action.

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Kreide, Regina. "(Un)Gerechtigkeit. Zwischen normativer Theorie und Gesellschaftsanalyse." In Internationale Politische Theorie, 171–85. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05470-8_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "International normative theory"

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Behdad, Sara, Leif P. Berg, Deborah Thurston, and Judy M. Vance. "Synergy Between Normative and Descriptive Design Theory and Methodology." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13035.

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The problem this paper addresses is the tension between descriptive and normative approaches to design theory and methodology. Descriptive approaches typically seek to document, formalize and/or automate existing ad hoc design methods, towards the goal of making current best practices available to all. In contrast, normative approaches attempt to improve upon existing design practices, towards a new method for how design should be done. Both approaches have strengths and weaknesses. This paper seeks to resolve some of the tension between the two approaches. It presents a new method for designing a design system that synergistically exploits the strengths while remedying the weaknesses of both normative and descriptive methods. An illustration that employs immersive computing technology (ICT) to remedy some of the cognitive biases that might occur in a normative mathematical model for disassembly planning is presented.

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Kovalenko, Igor, Yevhen Davydenko, and Alyona Shved. "The Basic Concepts of the Normative Theory of the Synthesis of Information Technologies for Decision Support." In 2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Computer Sciences and Information Technologies (CSIT). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csit49958.2020.9321882.

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Thompson, Stephanie C., and Christiaan J. J. Paredis. "An Introduction to Rational Design Theory." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28352.

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Design theories provide theoretical foundation for design and can lead to insights that improve the practice of design. From a theoretical perspective, existing design theories have some major limitations that limit the insights that can be gained and restrict their applicability in practice. These limitations include the treatment of uncertainty and the lack of interaction of concerns regarding the designed artifact and the design process. In this paper, a new design theory is introduced that explicitly includes uncertainty considerations and enables quantitative tradeoffs between the utility of the product and the process. This new theory is inspired by decision theory and expands upon the traditional product-centric perspective of decision-based design; the new theory is therefore termed Rational Design Theory (RDT). RDT combines a decision-theory-inspired descriptive model of artifact design decisions with a normative perspective for design process decisions. This theory provides new insights into the process of design that can inspire improved design methods. Furthermore, RDT provides a quantitative framework for comparing the relative performance of different design processes.

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Zhou, Feng, and Jianxin (Roger) Jiao. "Quantification of Customer Perception on Airplane Cabin Lighting Design Based on Cumulative Prospect Theory." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13624.

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This paper aims to develop quantitative models of customer perception on products and/or services. Prevailing methods often deal with this issue using utility theory, which uses normative models to make rational decisions without considering affective factors. This paper takes another perspective using cumulative prospect theory through how human users’ subjective experience impacts their choice behavior under uncertainty. Toward this end, quantitative measure of customer perception based on cumulative prospect theory and affective influence in terms of parameter shaping based on hierarchical Bayesian model with Markov chain Monte Carlo is proposed. A case study of airplane cabin lighting design is presented to show the potential and feasibility of the proposed method.

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Rey, Simon, Ulle Endriss, and Ronald de Haan. "Shortlisting Rules and Incentives in an End-to-End Model for Participatory Budgeting." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/52.

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We introduce an end-to-end model for participatory budgeting grounded in social choice theory. Our model accounts for the interplay between the two stages commonly encountered in real-life partici- patory budgeting. In the first stage participants pro- pose projects to be shortlisted, while in the second stage they vote on which of the shortlisted projects should be funded. Prior work of a formal nature has focused on analysing the second stage only. We in- troduce several shortlisting rules for the first stage and analyse them in both normative and algorith- mic terms. Our main focus is on the incentives of participants to engage in strategic behaviour during the first stage, in which they need to reason about how their proposals will impact the range of strate- gies available to everyone in the second stage.

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Pancorbo, Luis. "Detroit Living Amid Ruins." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.43.

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Public spaces and monuments act as the material representatives of historic memory of traditional cities. There is an international consensus to value, catalog and preservation of these spaces and buildings, both for their heritage, as well as their cultural and historic value. In contrast, certain American urban agglomerations, like Detroit, which has a clear industrial origin, the historic memory of the city is materialized not in its public spaces, which it lacks, but in its productive spaces. Instead of a relatively more normative risk of terrorist attacks to public spaces, these productive spaces risk abandonment, and progressive deterioration. They suffer this fate due to the lack of awareness, both by citizens and institutions, to their importance as carriers of the foundational DNA of these societies. This is leading to their disappearance in the not too distant future.

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Jacobus, Frank, and Marc Manack. "Remote Control: The Natural Language of Architecture." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.30.

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The architectural design process is a means of translating information into form, and has long relied on indirect (“remote”) control mechanisms for communicating and translating the architect’s authorial intent into a built work. These methods have generally evolved from a more direct, physical basis, as both technology and the discipline have evolved. To communicate design ideas, architects have relied on methodologies that range from an extreme desire for control, to models that attempt to relinquish many controls entirely. Early communication models, in part due to lack of material, form, and program diversity, allowed for a less systematic and complex descriptive method; inscriptions in the earth, physical detail models along with a set of instructions, or simple scale models of the intention were all that was required.2 As cultures and their technologies advanced, communication methods such as scaled orthographic drawings, specifications and other forms of written instructions, and now fully realized Building Information Models, have become normative practice in a profession that looks for total control of the built work before it is physically realized. Apart from the communicative control models mentioned above, there are authorial models which have also progressed in complexity and abstraction alongside societal advancements. In the discipline’s infancy, authorship involved subtle evolutions of proportion and order within a well-established typological system. In modernism, the authorial models evolved as architects experimented with increased typological invention in response to a radically changing technological and social environment. Advancing to the contemporary “digital” moment, architects continue to develop systems to control complexities within the work, mapping strategies that deal with collecting and spatializing data, while others see contemporary design tools as a means to relinquish some design control to outside forces whose unexpected potential is compelling. This paper gives examples of remote communicative and authorial controls, and posits a new theory of the potential meaningful effects of leveraging these control mechanisms in new ways using three projects by SILO AR+D.

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Volfson, Boris. "New Russian National Standards on Pressure Vessel and Apparatus Design and Strength Calculation." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77840.

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A report is devoted to new Russian National standards GOST R 53630-2006 “Steel welded vessels and apparatus. General specifications” and GOST R 52857.1-2007÷GOST R 52857.12-2007 “Vessels and apparatus. Norms and methods of strength calculation”, which were published in 2007–2008. They changed 33 regulations, which were in force earlier. This report contains general description of recently developed standards, considers its structure, approaches and methods of calculation and design, main distinctions with previous normative documents. It is significant, that developed standards meet the requirement of the standard ISO 16528-1 “Boilers and pressure vessels. Part 1: Performance requirements”. The author compares new Russian standards with ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code. Section VIII, Division 1 and 2, EN 13445 “Unfired pressure vessel” and other well-known international standards. There is also a description of the software, designed in accordance with new Russian standards. Further development of normative methods of calculation and design, including those, that based on computational modeling of constructions, are discussed in the final part of the report.

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Kayıhan, Şaban, and Mehmet Eski. "International Economy Law Concept and the Source of International Economy Law." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01366.

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Depending on the justification of the domination promulgates Law principles which is related with the multi-areas of the social life and assures implementation of Law rules due to its judicial power. However, nowadays implementation of State’s Law principles has been gradually damaged. In fact, not only markets transformed into the world bazaar with the globalization but also the participants of the markets acts global. As a result of the findings of the economic facts, one State’s cross-border trade and beside the national law which regulates the economic actions, normative arrangements increase which adjust identical subjects and receive the sources from different fields and in order for the operation of the current adjustment they create novice establishments with the view point of showing action in different types of areas. As a parallel of these improvements “international economy law” which arranges the international economical actions in the western countries and examines the law principles as a whole which is usually founded dispersedly is developed. Cross border economical actions constitute the subject of a lots of diversified law arrangement. While some of them are the characters of public law and private law, the others originate from international law. Fractionally, nonbinding rules are also inclusive here. At this point the whole law regulations which are about the international rules, determines the scope of international law relations. So in this research, in accordance with the globalization, our purpose is to examine the source and term of the international economy law.

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Figueira, Ana Paula Couceiro, Sofia Campos, and Célia Ribeiro. ""THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING METAPHORS WORKING WITH FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: SOME TOOLS"." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact090.

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"We present two versions of assessment/intervention tools for metaphors awareness or their comprehension: the TCM, Metaphor Comprehension Test, for children aged 9 to 14, or elementary school (Portugal), and the junior TCM, for children aged 4 to 6 years, or preschool age. They are versions/adaptations for European Portuguese of existing tools in Italian. The authors of the Italian versions are professors at the University of Sapienza, Rome, Italy, with internationally recognized work, presenting the original versions with good psychometric qualities. At the moment, the two instruments are already adapted for Portuguese, in the process of being applied in order to obtain the normative data and their validation. We expect, similar to what happens with the Italian versions, to obtain valid tools, with triple instrumentality: psychometric assessment and dynamic assessment and intervention resource, for various stages of development."

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Reports on the topic "International normative theory"

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Mahling, Alexa, Michelle LeBlanc, and Paul A. Peters. Report: Rural Resilience and Community Connections in Health: Outcomes of a Community Workshop. Spatial Determinants of Health Lab, Carleton University, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/sdhlab/2020.1.

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Canadians living in rural communities are diverse, with individual communities defined by unique strengths and challenges that impact their health needs. Understanding rural health needs is a complex undertaking, with many challenges pertaining to engagement, research, and policy development. In order to address these challenges, it is imperative to understand the unique characteristics of rural communities as well as to ensure that the voices of rural and remote communities are prioritized in the development and implementation of rural health research programs and policy. Effective community engagement is essential in order to establish rural-normative programs and policies to improve the health of individuals living in rural, remote, and northern communities. This report was informed by a community engagement workshop held in Golden Lake, Ontario in October 2019. Workshop attendees were comprised of residents from communities within the Madawaska Valley, community health care professionals, students and researchers from Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, and international researchers from Australia, Sweden, and Austria. The themes identified throughout the workshop included community strengths and initiatives that are working well, challenges and concerns faced by the community in the context of health, and suggestions to build on strengths and address challenges to improve the health of residents in the Madawaska Valley.

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