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Journal articles on the topic 'International ratings'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Murach, A. A., M. A. Storchevoy, and M. Sepulveda. "Divergence of ESG Ratings: International and Russian Experience." Economic Policy 19, no. 4 (2024): 84–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.18288/1994-5124-2024-4-84-121.

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ESG rating is an important indicator of a company’s social responsibility, which is taken into account by investors and regulators. However, if the ESG rating is calculated incorrectly, investors and regulators will make erroneous decisions and companies will be given improper guidance about how to modify their operations. Currently, there is a serious methodological problem in that ESG ratings from various rating agencies can be significantly different for the same company. Two of the most urgent questions in current ESG research are why these differences come about and how critical the diver

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2

Beckmann, Klaus S., and Changha Jin. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 16, no. 2 (2013): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100167.

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We have analyzed the market reaction to REIT preferred stock ratings announced by Moody's Investors Service from 1999 to 2009 that are related to four types of rating events; first time ratings, outlook changes, reviews and actual rating changes. The results suggest a significant market reaction to rating upgrades of 1.08% abnormal return, and downgrades and negative outlooks of -2.28% and -2.67% abnormal returns, respectively. Compared to the non-REIT literature, the abnormal returns are smaller in magnitude which implies a relatively smaller information asymmetry within the REIT market with

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Grudzevuch, Uljana. "Assessment of the activities of Ukrainian banks by rating agencies under the conditions of marital state." Economic Analysis, no. 33(1) (2023): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2023.01.149.

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Introduction. The market of rating services is gradually developing both at the international and national levels. Over the years of operation of rating agencies, a significant number of various ratings have been developed and used. In particular, typical ratings are credit ratings of the issuer and debt obligations. One of the rating objects, along with countries, municipalities, large industrial enterprises, are banking institutions. If at the beginning of the activity of rating agencies in Ukraine, mainly banks with foreign capital and large banks had a rating, then in recent years all bank

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4

Shmahelska, Marina. "World ratings: features of formation and impact on the on the country’s economic growth." Socio-Economic Research Bulletin, no. 2(77) (June 30, 2021): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33987/vsed.2(77).2021.181-192.

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The article investigates the ratings formation as a special type of activity that is actively implemented in a market economy. The process of creating a rating system is considered. It is established that the analysis results of economic entities activities are expressed as the results of evaluation in the rating scale. The main difference between the concepts of «rating» and «ranking» is determined, which allows building economic entities according to the ranking, that is, according to one of the indicators. The criteria that underlie the classification of ratings are analyzed. It is noted th

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Abduvohidov, Akmal, Sherzod Sulaymov, and Dilafro'z Qodirova. "INTERNATIONAL RATINGS AND INDICES: IMPROVING UZBEKISTAN'S POSITION IN INTERNATIONAL RATINGS AND INDICES." INNOVATIONS IN ECONOMY 4, no. 3 (2020): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9491-2020-4-1.

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Today, Uzbekistan is increasingly integrated into the world community. In this situation,it is very important to strengthen Uzbekistan's position in the international community.In this regard, the article analyzes the issues of increasing the position of Uzbekistan in international ratings and indices

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Shamusarov, Sarvar. "WAYS TO IMPROVE UZBEKISTAN'S POSITION IN THE GLOBAL SOVEREIGN CREDIT RATING." Economics and education 24, no. 1 (2023): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.55439/eced/vol24_iss1/a22.

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In this article, the scientific-theoretical aspects of sovereign rating and loans and the financial-economic indicators affecting them are studied. Also, international rating agencies analyzed the practice of assessing Uzbekistan's sovereign credit rating and its position in international indexes and ratings in recent years, systematized negative factors affecting its position in ratings, and developed forecasts until 2024. As a result of the analysis, scientific proposals aimed at improving the position of our country in the Global sovereign credit rating were prepared

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Астахова, Алёна, Сергей Гришунин, and Геннадий Поморцев. "Developing a Scoring Credit Model Based on the Methodology of International Credit Rating Agencies." Journal of Corporate Finance Research / Корпоративные Финансы | ISSN: 2073-0438 17, no. 1 (2023): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/j.jcfr.2073-0438.17.1.2023.5-16.

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The purpose of this work is to examine the relationship of various financial and non-financial (qualitative) factors of performance of non-financial companies and their credit ratings. We developed the scoring model which was based on the methodologies of international and Russian rating agencies. The modelled ratings of non-financial companies for 2018–2020 were compared with actual ratings assigned by the rating agencies and discrepancies were explained. The sample includes companies from retail, protein and agriculture, steel, oil and gas sectors from Russia, USA, Luxembourg, England,

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Fagan Muzaffarli and Kanan Mahmudlu. "The impact of credit ratings on international investment: Evidence from an emerging market." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 24, no. 2 (2024): 564–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.24.2.3372.

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This study examines the influence of sovereign credit ratings on international investments in emerging markets, focusing on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI). Using data from 22 emerging economies spanning 1999 to 2019, we employ OLS and fixed-effects regression models to analyze how credit ratings affect investment flows and market volatility. The findings indicate that sovereign credit ratings significantly impact investor decisions, as these ratings serve as a key metric in assessing investment risk and potential. This research highlights the essential r

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Fagan, Muzaffarli, and Mahmudlu Kanan. "The impact of credit ratings on international investment: Evidence from an emerging market." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 24, no. 2 (2024): 564–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15081284.

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This study examines the influence of sovereign credit ratings on international investments in emerging markets, focusing on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI). Using data from 22 emerging economies spanning 1999 to 2019, we employ OLS and fixed-effects regression models to analyze how credit ratings affect investment flows and market volatility. The findings indicate that sovereign credit ratings significantly impact investor decisions, as these ratings serve as a key metric in assessing investment risk and potential. This research highlights the essential r

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Iyengar, Shreekant. "The Credit Rating Agencies — Are They Reliable? A Study of Sovereign Ratings." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 37, no. 1 (2012): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920120106.

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Sovereign credit ratings estimate the future ability and willingness of the sovereign governments to service their commercial and financial obligations in full and on time. The process of evaluating the nations and assigning ratings is a business involving various international rating agencies. Governments seek the credit ratings so as to improve their access to the international capital markets. The sovereign credit ratings are an important scale for determining the cost of borrowing to a country. The ratings provide a perception to the lenders about the level of credit risk of the national g

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Kaakinen, Johanna K., Egon Werlen, Yvonne Kammerer, et al. "IDEST: International Database of Emotional Short Texts." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (2022): e0274480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274480.

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We introduce a database (IDEST) of 250 short stories rated for valence, arousal, and comprehensibility in two languages. The texts, with a narrative structure telling a story in the first person and controlled for length, were originally written in six different languages (Finnish, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish, and Turkish), and rated for arousal, valence, and comprehensibility in the original language. The stories were translated into English, and the same ratings for the English translations were collected via an internet survey tool (N = 573). In addition to the rating data, we also

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Kamolov, Sergei, and Ksenia Kornaukhova. "International smart cities ratings and Russian cities IQ rating comparative study." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 05012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219205012.

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Research background: The global rating methods of smart cities rankings used in such international organizations as The Intelligent Community Forum, Center for Globalization and Strategy IESE and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. International ratings are considered to be a source of information that allows everyone to see and evaluate the scale of it. Along with this phenomenon, the Russian Federation develops national smart cities IQ index which creates the case in rating methodology to help researches assess and better understand smart cities revolution. Purpose of the arti

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Yu, Jiefei. "The Superiority of Local ESG Ratings in China’s Credit Risk Assessment: An Empirical Study Based on Default Distance." Journal of World Economy 3, no. 4 (2024): 79–84. https://doi.org/10.56397/jwe.2024.12.09.

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Driven by the global trend of sustainability, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors have become an important indicator for assessing corporate sustainability and credit risk. However, ESG rating agencies in different regions may give different ratings to the same company due to differences in assessment methods and regional applicability. Taking Chinese A-share listed companies as the research object, this paper compares the effectiveness of Chinese local ESG ratings with international ESG ratings in credit risk assessment. By constructing a linear regression model with distance

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14

Kamal, Rashiqa. "Can Morningstar Analyst Ratings Predict Fund Performance?" Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 29, no. 6 (2013): 1665. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v29i6.8205.

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This paper analyzes the Morningstar Inc.s new Analyst Ratings that were introduced in November 2011. The ratings are intended to help investors make long-term investment decisions. According to Morningstar, these ratings reflect the long-term risk-adjusted performance of mutual funds. This paper examines whether the Analyst Ratings can predict future fund performance. We assume that the rated funds would have a similar rating in 2010, since they are not based on short-term performance measures, and using quantile regressions, we find that the Analyst Ratings are significantly positively relate

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15

Poon, Winnie P. H., and Michael Firth. "Are Unsolicited Credit Ratings Lower? International Evidence From Bank Ratings." Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 32, no. 9-10 (2005): 1741–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0306-686x.2005.00646.x.

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Ntsalaze, Zuziwe, Gideon Boako, and Paul Alagidede. "The impact of sovereign credit ratings on corporate credit ratings in South Africa." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 8, no. 2 (2017): 126–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-07-2016-0100.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of sovereign credit ratings on corporations in South Africa by assessing whether the sovereign rating assigned to South Africa by credit rating agencies acts as a ceiling/constraint for credit ratings assigned to corporations that operate within the country. The question of whether sovereign ratings are significant in determining corporate ratings was also explored. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypothesis regarding the rating of corporates relative to sovereigns, a longitudinal panel design was followed. The analysis employe

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Moroz, Svitlana, Inta Buka, Oleksandr Moroz, Iryna Manczak, and Volodymyr Moroz. "GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UNIVERSITY RATINGS AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR ASSESSING THE HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Actual problems of Ukrainian society development, no. 1 (October 20, 2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2227-6890.2022.1.06.

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The research of rating issues in the higher education system is conditioned, on the one hand, by the need to findan objective source of information on the level of positioning of domestic higher education institutions in theinternational market of educational services, on the other hand, the request of entities of public administration overdevelopment of the higher education system on formation of indicators of achievement of the priority goals set in theStrategy of higher Education Development in Ukraine for 2022–2032 years. Besides, within the framework of modernuniversity management and sys

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Mikhaylova, Anna, and Evgeny Timushev. "The impact of institutions on regional credit ratings in Russia." R-Economy 8, no. 1 (2022): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/recon.2022.8.1.004.

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Relevance. Institutions of a fiscal system play a significant role in regional credit ratings. This is reflected in the low creditworthiness of Russian regions from the international perspective. Research objective. The paper discusses the role of the institutional factors in the credit ratings assigned to Russian regions by Russian and international agencies. Data and Methods. The study analyzes the rating methodology adopted by Russian and international credit rating agencies and tests the presence of the institutional factors by conducting a formal regression analysis based on the data from

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19

Zhu, Yunfu, Haoling Yang, and Ma Zhong. "Do ESG Ratings of Chinese Firms Converge or Diverge? A Comparative Analysis Based on Multiple Domestic and International Ratings." Sustainability 15, no. 16 (2023): 12573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612573.

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Since the Chinese economy has transitioned to a sustainable model, the Chinese socially responsible investment (SRI) market has expanded rapidly, which has deeply stimulated the development of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings for Chinese firms. Domestic agencies, such as SynTao, Rankins (RKS), Sino-Securities (SSII), and China Alliance of Social Value Investment (CASVI), and international agencies, such as Bloomberg, FTSE Russell (FTSE), and Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI), have launched their own ESG rating systems. These emerging ratings may provide users of in

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20

Yarashova, Vasila. "WAYS TO STRENGTHEN UZBEKISTAN'S POSITION IN THE INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS RANKINGS." International Journal of Economics and Innovative Technologies 11, no. 4 (2023): 449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55439/eit/vol11_iss4/a46.

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The article reviews international ratings and, in particular, the LPI logistics performance index. The place of the rating leaders, as well as the dynamics of Uzbekistan's performance of logistics in this rating, is considered. Positive aspects and shortcomings in the method of calculating indices are noted. Recommendations are given to improve Uzbekistan's position in the rating.

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21

Jordan, James L. "Race Effects In Peer Ratings Of U.S. Army ROTC Cadets." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 6, no. 3 (2011): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v6i3.6292.

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The effect of race on peer ratings of U.S. Army ROTC cadets was investigated. White ratees received significantly higher peer ratings than black ratees. White ratees did not receive significantly higher rating from white raters than from black raters. Black ratees received significantly higher ratings from black raters than from white raters. Implications of this study are discussed.

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Rogers, Dany, Wesley Mendes-da-Silva, Henrique Dantas Neder, and Pablo Rogers Silva. "Rating de Crédito e Estrutura de Capital: Evidências da América Latina." Brazilian Review of Finance 11, no. 3 (2013): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/rbfin.v11n3.2013.4194.

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This paper aims to analyze the impact of reclassifications trends in credit rating decisions in capital structure of listed non-financial companies in Latin America. To verify both the existence of this association were employed data belonging to all non-financial companies listed in Latin America, possessing ratings issued by the three major international ratings agencies international (i.e. Standard & Poor's, Moody's and Fitch) in January, 2010. When considering data for the period 2001-2010, through analysis of panel data, the main results suggest that the reclassifications of ratings s

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Churuta, Ivan. "Ukraine’s position in international investment ratings." Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, no. 2(88) (June 6, 2016): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2018.02.036.

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The article reasons that foreign direct investments play a crucial role in the economy of every world country, since they ensure the effective functioning of economy and economic growth. It is found that the volume of foreign direct investments into the economy of a certain country depends on the investment climate, whose main indicator is the position of countries in international investment ratings that allows us to evaluate the investment climate, possible investment risks and the degree of investment safety. The subject of the study is the investment climate in Ukraine and its position in

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Sobolev, Leonid. "Russian Engineering Universities in International Ratings." Universal Journal of Educational Research 8, no. 12A (2020): 7487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.082532.

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Caporale, Guglielmo Maria, Roman Matousek, and Chris Stewart. "Ratings assignments: Lessons from international banks." Journal of International Money and Finance 31, no. 6 (2012): 1593–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2012.02.018.

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Slobodyanuk, V., O. Tovstonoh, M. Roztorhui, O. Popovych, L. Gorlova, and L. Bentsak. "Determination of women- weightlifting ratings, Ukrainian coaches ratings, team of regions ratings on the performance of competitive activity in 2021." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 6(151) (June 29, 2022): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.6(151).29.

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According to the new regulations on the ranking of Olympic and non-Olympic sports, there is a need to take into account the effectiveness of competitive activities under the new scoring system for participation in national and international competitions of weightlifters, coaches and national teams of Ukraine. The research done by experts indicates a fragmentary consideration of the effectiveness of competitive activities of weightlifters, coaches and various regions of Ukraine. Such studies are based mainly on the analysis of the results of competitive activities of weightlifters of the Nation

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Ermokhin, Ivan, Yulia Burhanova, and Antonina Levashenko. "The Problem of Divergence of ESG Ratings Awarded by Persons Providing Services for the Assessment of Sustainable Development. The Main Trends in the Field of Legislative Regulation of the ESG rating Institute in Russia and in the World." International Organisations Research Journal 18, no. 3 (2023): 186–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2023-03-10.

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Confidence in environment, social, and governance (ESG) ratings among investors remains at a fairly low level. An Edelman Insights study [2021] reported that almost three out of four institutional investors do not trust companies to achieve their stated commitments in the fields of sustainability, ESG, or diversity, equity, and inclusivity (DEI). One of the reasons for this distrust is the divergence of ESG ratings – that is, the difference in ratings given by different ESG agencies to the same companies. The origins of this problem lie in the fact that there is still no developed framework to

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Shin, Daniel, and Denis Darpy. "Rating, review and reputation: how to unlock the hidden value of luxury consumers from digital commerce?" Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 35, no. 10 (2020): 1553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-01-2019-0029.

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Purpose Product ratings and reviews are popular tools to support buying decisions of consumers. Many e-commerce platforms now offer product ratings and reviews as ratings and reviews are valuable for online retailers. However, luxury goods industry is somewhat slow to adapt to the digital terrain. The purpose of this paper is to answer “how luxury consumers see user-generated product ratings and reviews for their online shopping experience and what important factors or values are perceived by the luxury consumers when they shop online?” Design/methodology/approach To understand how luxury cons

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Ivanov, V. G., and M. G. Ivanova. "«Charts Power» - International Ratings As An Economic Weapon And A Tool Of Soft Power. Part I." RUDN Journal of Political Science, no. 2 (December 15, 2015): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2015-2-36-51.

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In the given article, the authors propose and operationalize the notion of “charts power” (or “index power”, “ratings power”) as a significant component of soft power of national states and international institutions. The authors prove that numerous comparative ratings of different countries that have become extremely popular in recent decades could be used as an economic weapon and an effective tool of influence. The article analyses the mechanisms of ratings power and emergence of “rating thinking”. The authors conclude about the importance of actual and potential threats to national securit

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Ivanov, V. G., and M. G. Ivanova. "«Charts Power» - International Ratings as an Economic Weapon and a Tool of Soft Power. Part II." RUDN Journal of Political Science, no. 3 (December 15, 2015): 7–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2015-3-7-34.

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In the given article, the authors propose and operationalize the notion of “charts power” (or “index power”, “ratings power”) as a significant component of soft power of national states and international institutions. The authors prove that numerous comparative ratings of different countries that have become extremely popular in recent decades could be used as an economic weapon and an effective tool of influence. The article analyses the mechanisms of ratings power and emergence of “rating thinking”. The authors conclude about the importance of actual and potential threats to national securit

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Nosko, Polina. "Analysis of ESG Ratings’ Methodologies in the Russian Market: Transparency and Convergence Issues." Contemporary World Economy 2, no. 2 (2024): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2949-5776-2024-2-2-60-75.

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Reliability of ESG ratings, which represent a tool for organizations’ sustainability performance assessment, has been studied and sometimes questioned by academic researchers and international organizations. In response to criticism, regulations emerged targeting the revealed problems and their sources. Russia, where the ESG ratings market has grown significantly over the last two years, is no exception. The paper aims at assessing the transparency level of ESG ratings methodologies in the Russian market and identifying whether they converge. To achieve the goal, the author scrutinized publica

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Caridad, Daniel, Jana Hančlová, Hosn el Woujoud Bousselmi, and Lorena Caridad y López del Río. "Corporate rating forecasting using Artificial Intelligence statistical techniques." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 16, no. 2 (2019): 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(2).2019.25.

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Forecasting companies long-term financial health is provided by Credit Rating Agencies (CRA) such as S&amp;amp;P, Moody’s, Fitch and others. Estimates of rates are based on publicly available data, and on the so-called ‘qualitative information’. Nowadays, it is possible to produce quite precise forecasts for these ratings using economic and financial information that is available in financial databases, utilizing statistical models or, alternatively, Artificial Intelligence techniques. Several approaches, both cross section and dynamic are proposed, using different methods. Artificial Neur

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Mutize, Misheck, and Virimai V. Mugobo. "An analysis of Granger causality between sovereign credit rating and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 4 (2020): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(4).2020.08.

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Interest in the relationship between credit rating and economic growth is growing as emerging economies increasingly integrate into international financial markets. Without credit ratings, developing economies would not have been able to successfully issue their sovereign bonds to support economic growth. Therefore, this paper examines a causality relationship between Standard &amp;amp; Poor’s long-term foreign currency sovereign credit ratings and economic growth in 19 Sub-Saharan countries over the period from 2003 to 2018. The results of the Granger causality tests show a unidirectional

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Korzovatykh, Zhanna M. "ESG RATING AS A TOOL FOR ASSESSING FINANCIAL STABILITY AN ECONOMIC ENTITY." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1/9, no. 154 (2025): 98–106. https://doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2025.01.09.012.

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This study is devoted to the analysis of the methodology of forming ESG ratings in both international and Russian practice. The paper examines the existing approaches to the development of ESG ratings, conducts a comparative analysis of their methodologies and determines the degree of their comparability. A comparative analysis of the methodologies has shown a significant variety of approaches to assessing ESG factors. The largest international rating agencies, such as S&P Global, MSCI, and Sustainalytics, use their own methodologies based on various weighting factors, a set of factors to

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Wei, Mei. "Linguistic Dimensions of Accentedness, Comprehensibility and Intelligibility: Exploring Listener Effects in American, Moroccan, Turkmen and Chinese Varieties of English." Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 44, no. 4 (2021): 520–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2021-0033.

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Abstract The present study examines accentedness, comprehensibility, and intelligibility of American English, Moroccan English, Turkmen English, and Chinese English, from the perspectives of three groups of listeners: native speakers of English and Chinese speakers of English with or without international experiences. Of the 145 listeners, 38 had face-to-face interviews. These listener groups were asked to listen to the recordings of the four English varieties and fill in a cloze test. Results indicated that the three listener groups differed significantly in rating comprehensibility of Americ

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Buinytska, Oksana, Bohdan Hrytseliak, and Valeriia Smirnova. "RATING AS ASSESSMENT TOOL OF QUALITY AND COMPETITIVENESS OF UNIVERSITY." OPEN EDUCATIONAL E-ENVIRONMENT OF MODERN UNIVERSITY, no. 4 (2018): 16–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2414-0325.2018.1632.

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The main tasks of the modern university are to increase the quality of educational services and to step up activities in the international educational space. One way related to providing quality education, creating an open information and educational environment through which participants of educational process receive open access to resources from any point and at any convenient time. Openness and publicity activities of the university contributes to its competitiveness, i.e. its rating among higher education institutions, including born healthy competition that fosters competitiveness traini

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DAYI, Faruk, and Ashraf TANTOUN. "Kredi Derecelendirme Kuruluşları, Kredi Notları ve Kredi Temerrüt Swapları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme." Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 6, no. 2 (2023): 114–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.38057/bifd.1213894.

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Investors face different risks in international markets than in national ones. Effective risk management can help protect investors from these risks in global markets. Various indicators and financial instruments are utilized in risk management. Credit rating agencies assess the risk level of institutions or organizations in global markets and provide information to global investors. Credit rating agencies evaluate institutions or organizations by assigning credit ratings. Credit default swaps (CDS) have recently become popular hedging instruments. Credit ratings and CDS premiums are essential

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Dopierała, Łukasz, Daria Ilczuk, and Liwiusz Wojciechowski. "Sovereign credit ratings and CDS spreads in Emerging Europe." Equilibrium 15, no. 3 (2020): 419–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2020.019.

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Research background: Sovereign credit ratings play an important role in determining any country’s access to the international debt market. During the global financial crisis and the European debt crisis, credit rating agencies were harshly criticized for the timing of their announcements regarding ratings downgrades and the ranges of those downgrades. Therefore, it is worth considering whether the sovereign credit rating is still a useful benchmark for investors. Purpose of the article: This article examines whether credit rating agencies still provide financial markets with new informat

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Kuznetsov, A. V., and E. V. Kasatkina. "Prospects for Creating an International Rating Agency with the Participation of Russia." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 12, no. 5 (2023): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2022-12-5-97-104.

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Subject. Credit rating agencies continue to play an important role for financial market participants. Credit ratings are a useful tool for assessing investment risks, overcoming uncertainty, and facilitating companies’ access to credit markets. Meanwhile, national expertise is less and less in demand by the international rating industry, and therefore there is a need to integrate the national rating agencies of individual countries.Purpose. Consideration of the prospects for Russia’s participation in the creation of an international rating agency based on an analysis of current trends in the a

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Daskalopoulos, Evangelos, Anastasios Evgenidis, Athanasios Tsagkanos, and Costas Siriopoulos. "Assessing variations in foreign direct investments under international financial reporting standards (IFRS) adoption, macro-socioeconomic developments and credit ratings." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, no. 3 (2016): 328–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(3-2).2016.05.

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The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of an endogenous relationship between international financial reporting standards (IFRS) and sovereign credit ratings on the factors that determine foreign direct investments, by using an instrumental variable panel data framework. The results show that the adoption of IFRS by developed economies is interpreted by credit rating agencies as a positive sign that the firms will provide more transparent financial reports. In addition, the authors find that the consideration of the endogenous relationship between IFRS and credit ratings fo

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Davydov, Andrey. "International Estimates of Russia’s Investment Image." Russia and America in the 21st Century, no. 2 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207054760015862-5.

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Foreign direct investments are considered to be one of the drivers to stimulate Russian economic development. Increase of funds is highly dependent on current investment image. This article covers different estimates of Russia’s investment image by international rating agencies and research institutes. Sovereign credit ratings are considered to be major indicators of investment image. Leading foreign rating agencies currently estimate Russian credit rating as attractive for investors. Russia has entrenched a credible and consistent policy framework that will deliver improved macroeconomic stab

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Ferri, Giovanni, and Li-Gang Liu. "How Do Global Credit-Rating Agencies Rate Firms from Developing Countries?" Asian Economic Papers 2, no. 3 (2003): 30–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep.2003.2.3.30.

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This paper examines the information content of firm ratings. We disentangle the relative contribution to firms' ratings of sovereign risks and of the individual firms' performance indicators employed by rating agencies. We reach three conclusions. First, the contribution of sovereign risk to firm ratings is high in developing countries but is negligible in developed countries. Second, even after controlling for the “country ceiling effect” (i.e., the constraint put on the private firms' rating by the rating of the country in which the firms operate), the information content of ratings for firm

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Yurkov, A. V., and Zh R. Babaeva. "ESG-Ratings: Nonparametric Methods of Construction." Administrative Consulting, no. 2 (April 26, 2024): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2024-2-92-107.

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Many of the largest Russian companies are evaluated by international financial institutions or rating agencies in terms of their influence on ESG factors that take into account environmental issues, interaction with society and corporate governance. Such ratings can have various names, most often referred to as ESG ratings. The inherent subjectivity of the assessments, along with the lack of generally recognized standards and transparency of the methodology, cause concern both from the assessed companies and from investors and regulators. ESG ratings of Russian rating agencies are at an early

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Yurkov, Alexander V., and Zhuldyz R. Babaeva. "ESG-Ratings: Nonparametric Methods of Construction." Administrative Consulting, no. 2 (182) (June 7, 2024): 92–107. https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2024-2-92-107.

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Many of the largest Russian companies are evaluated by international financial institutions or rating agencies in terms of their influence on ESG factors that take into account environmental issues, interaction with society and corporate governance. Such ratings can have various names, most often referred to as ESG ratings. The inherent subjectivity of the assessments, along with the lack of generally recognized standards and transparency of the methodology, cause concern both from the assessed companies and from investors and regulators. ESG ratings of Russian rating agencies are at an early

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Emmert, Martin, and Stuart McLennan. "One Decade of Online Patient Feedback: Longitudinal Analysis of Data From a German Physician Rating Website." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 7 (2021): e24229. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24229.

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Background Feedback from patients is an essential element of a patient-oriented health care system. Physician rating websites (PRWs) are a key way patients can provide feedback online. This study analyzes an entire decade of online ratings for all medical specialties on a German PRW. Objective The aim of this study was to examine how ratings posted on a German PRW have developed over the past decade. In particular, it aimed to explore (1) the distribution of ratings according to time-related aspects (year, month, day of the week, and hour of the day) between 2010 and 2019, (2) the number of ph

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El-Helaly, Moataz, Nermeen F. Shehata, and Reem El-Sherif. "National corporate governance, GMI ratings and earnings management." Asian Review of Accounting 26, no. 3 (2018): 373–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-07-2017-0124.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the association between country-level corporate governance and earnings management (EM). It aims to investigate whether the Governance Metrics International (GMI; acquired by Morgan Stanley Capital International in 2014) rating for national corporate governance on a country level is a significant explanatory variable for the country-level EM score or otherwise. Design/methodology/approach In a sample of 280 country-year observations during the period from 2000 to 2009, the paper measures national corporate governance quality using GMI ratings scor

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Grigorieva, Elena M., and Darko Vukovic. "Assessing methodology of banks' ratings and their competitive positions: overview of main rating agencies." RUDN Journal of Economics 28, no. 1 (2020): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2020-28-1-23-30.

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This paper analyzes methodologies of credit rating assessment of major rating agencies, with the focus on Fitch Ratings (Fitch). The methodology data were collected from Fitch Ratings. Also, the article review international literacy for factors and indicators adequacy in rating assessments. The purpose of this research is to overview literacy for the primary methodologies of banks' credit rating assessment. It was explained that ratios from financial indicators are most important for credit rating assessment. In some cases, in sovereign countries, support and macroeconomic factors are signific

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Aleshnikova, V. I., T. A. Burtseva, E. A. Divaeva, E. S. Darda, and E. M. Bogatyreva. "Features of statistical methods application in rating construction." UPRAVLENIE / MANAGEMENT (Russia) 11, no. 3 (2023): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2309-3633-2023-11-3-69-77.

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The article is devoted to solving the problem of rating construction methodology, including issues of comparability in dynamics and inconsistency. The study analyzes approaches to the procedures for aggregating private components of the rating. Attention is focused on the shortcomings of ratings used in international and domestic practice as integral meters, among which are the incompleteness of information on the private components of ratings, an unacceptably high level of error in the development of ratings as integral meters and the lack of evaluation of their quality. The approach to ratin

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Alekseeva, N. N., M. A. Arshinova, and A. I. Bancheva. "POSITION OF RUSSIA IN INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RATINGS." RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 26, no. 1 (2018): 134–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2018-26-1-134-152.

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Ivanova, N. V., S. G. Absalyamova, and Ch F. Mukhametgalieva. "ASSESSMENT OF RUSSIA'S COMPETITIVENESS BY INTERNATIONAL RATINGS." KAZAN SOCIALLY-HUMANITARIAN BULLETIN 8, no. 5 (2017): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24153/2079-5912-2017-8-5-52-56.

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