Relevant bibliographies by topics / International trade – Soviet Union

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'International trade – Soviet Union'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "International trade – Soviet Union"

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Sun, Yizhi. "The Soviet Union and the May Thirtieth Movement in Shanghai." Problemy dalnego vostoka, no. 4 (2022): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013128120021382-1.

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This article focuses specifically on the Soviet factor in The May Thirtieth Movement in Shanghai, including the degree of central and local Soviet authorities' involvement in the preparation and course of the Movement and financial assistance to Chinese strikers. It also examines Soviet intelligence activities in Shanghai during this period. Until May 30 the central organs of the USSR and the RCP(b) were not the initiators of the Movement. The largest workers' movement in Shanghai occurred spontaneously and was not under the control of the Comintern or the Politburo. However,
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Marrella, Fabrizio, Rafik Khammatovic Usmanov, and Patricio Ignacio Barbirotto. "On Trade Liberalization for Political Ends: The Case of the EAEU." Journal of World Trade 55, Issue 4 (2021): 597–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2021025.

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As evidenced by WTO theory and practice, even as exceptions regulated at Article XXIV GATT 1994 and Article V GATS, regional trade agreements (RTAs) or preferential trade agreements are an important legal tool to liberalize trade and strengthen economic or political cooperation. In recent years, notwithstanding the fiasco of TTIP and TPP, RTAs have proliferated in different regions of the world. Among them, the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is a customs union established in 2015 which is institutionally similar to the European Union (EU) albeit unexplored in academic literature. Remarkably, d
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van Brabant, Jozef M. "The Soviet Union and the International Trade Regime: A Reply." Soviet Economy 5, no. 4 (1989): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08826994.1989.10641315.

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Liu, Yongqi. "The Theory of International Regimes and US-Soviet Cooperation during the Cold War." Studies in Social Science Research 5, no. 2 (2024): p166. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v5n2p166.

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The main question examined in this paper is whether the cooperation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War can be explained by Robert O. Keohane's theory of international regimes, based on his analysis of international regimes and cooperation in his book After Hegemony. My answer is no. In order to explain the reasons, this paper is mainly divided into two parts. The first part summarizes the relationship between international regimes and international cooperation as Keohane sees it through an examination of chapters three to six of After Hegemony. The core task of
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Bodnarchuk, Tetiana. "Formation of the model of international economic relations in the context of the past development trajectory of the Ukrainian national economy." Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni 2024, no. 57 (2024): 236–57. https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2024.57.236.

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In the conditions of war and post-war reconstruction, Ukraine’s further integration into the world economy and trade-economic cooperation with the EU, the USA, and other developed countries is a priority task. However, the Soviet economic heritage in the form of the extensive elements and forms of economic management continues to create obstacles to building a competitive model of foreign trade cooperation. And overcoming these obstacles is impossible without rethinking and evaluating the historical experience. The research’s aim is to summarize the determinants and structural-institutional ch
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Mukhina, Irina. "Regulating the Trade: International Peddling in Post-Soviet Russia." Soviet and Post-Soviet Review 37, no. 2 (2010): 166–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633210x536889.

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AbstractThe economic, social, and political reforms of the former Soviet Union gave rise to a flourishing international peddling trade variously termed “shuttle trading,” “a suitcase trade,” or at times “trading tourism.” Small at first in the later 1980s, by the mid-1990s the shuttle trade expanded to include millions of people and came to constitute the backbone of Russian consumer trade. Initially the government was willing to “look the other way” or even support the shuttle trade as a way to provide for the collapsing consumer market in Russia. Yet the government drastically underestimated
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Larsen, Trina L., and Robert T. Green. "Export Opportunities in a Crumbling Economy: The Soviet Union in 1990." Journal of International Marketing 1, no. 4 (1993): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069031x9300100405.

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Economic liberalization is underway in many countries that had previously been relatively closed to outside commercial relations. This includes former East Bloc nations and LDCs that had long attempted to protect their inefficient industries from foreign competition. Perhaps the most spectacular example of this trend is the former Soviet Union. This article reports a study of the changes that occurred in the former Soviet Union's trade relations with non-communist countries in the critical period during which trade ‘openness’ was being established. The results provide insights that may be usef
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Shemetova, Tamara A. "Trade, Economic and Political Relations between Soviet Russia and the Chinese Province of Xinjiang in 1921-1922." RUDN Journal of Russian History 22, no. 1 (2023): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2023-22-1-85-96.

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The author analyzes the features and results of trade, economic and political relations of the Chinese province of Xinjiang with Soviet Russia and the USSR in 1921-1922. The main sources for the preparation of the article were historical and archival materials on the trade and economic relations of Xinjiang with Russia and the Soviet Union (1896-1949) in Chinese, as well as documents from a number of Moscow archives (the Russian State Archive of Economics, the Russian State Military Archive, the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation). The analysis showed that during the period un
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Ironside, Kristy. "“Because of Him, We Have Pizza Hut!”." Russian History 49, no. 2-4 (2023): 238–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18763316-12340049.

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Abstract Gorbachev’s 1997 television ad for Pizza Hut, which opened its first restaurants in the Soviet Union in 1990 through a joint venture between parent company PepsiCo, Inc. and the Moscow city soviet, is an important part of his popular image in the West, reflecting the role that capitalist consumerism is often presumed to have played in the Soviet system’s collapse. Yet, as this article shows, such joint ventures were supposed to increase the Soviet Union’s role not as a consumer, but as a producer, by showcasing the benefits of international economic cooperation with it. Joint ventures
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Yakupova, Dar'ya Viktorovna, and Roman Aleksandrovich Yakupov. "“Bread for the People and National Security”: Soviet commercial diplomacy during the period of détente." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 11 (November 2021): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2021.11.34328.

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The relevance of this research is defined by the need for analyzing the historical experience of adaptation of foreign economic activity of the Soviet State to the challenges of Western policy deterrence, the imperatives of which are being applied to Russia in the current context. The subject of this research is the Soviet grain procurement crisis and foreign policy ways for its overcoming. The object of this research is trade and diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and the United States. The scientific novelty lies in elaboration of the concept of “commercial diplomacy&amp
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "International trade – Soviet Union"

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Mukhopadhyay, Debkumar. "INDO- SOVIET TRADE RELATION : AN ASSESSMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF DISINTEGRATION OF THE SOVIET UNION." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/575.

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Morriss, Anthony Douglas. "Russia, the Soviet Union and Arms Control 1899-1987." W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625609.

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Balaev, Mikhail. "International trade ties and democracy in the post-Soviet world-system /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9149.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-202). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
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Balaev, Mikhail 1976. "International trade ties and democracy in the post-Soviet world-system." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9149.

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xiii, 202 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.<br>This dissertation examines the relationship between democracy and international economic ties. The effects of economic processes on domestic politics have long been a subject for debate in the literature: some authors argue that economic liberalization advances democracy, while others advocate that economic liberalization impedes democracy. I argue that both sides of the debate omitted an important factor in the analyses of trade ties and democ
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Copp, John W. "Egypt and the Soviet Union, 1953-1970." PDXScholar, 1986. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3797.

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The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze in detail the many aspects of the Soviet-Egyptian friendship as it developed from 1953 to 1970. The relationship between the two is extremely important because it provides insight into the roles of both Egypt and the Soviet Union in both the history of the Middle East and in world politics. The period from 1953 to 1970 is key in understanding the relationship between the two states because it is the period of the genesis of the relationship and a period in which both nations went through marked changes in both internal policy and their exter
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Hancock, Kathleen J. "Surrendering sovereignty : hierarchy in the international system and the former Soviet Union /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3027046.

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Swann, Peter William. "British attitudes towards the Soviet Union, 1951-1956." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1994. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1506/.

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The thesis is concerned with the British perception of Soviet foreign policy between 1951 and 1956. In particular it examines the understanding that British diplomats, politicians and civil servants had of the process of change which the death of Stalin stimulated in the Kremlin's relations with the outside world. The core of the study centres around 1955, as this was the pivotal point for the British. With the ascendancy of Khruschev there was perceived not only a new emphasis in Moscow on the necessity of avoiding global war between East and West, but also a new interest in economic competit
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Query, Jason. "The Impact of Transportation Costs and Trade Barriers on International Trade Flows." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19256.

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Because trade is seen as welfare improving for society, governments have long employed their policy-making powers to increase trade levels. In recent years, no strategy has been more employed by policy makers than free trade agreements. As free trade agreements become more popular, world tariff levels rapidly approach zero. Given this, policy makers must look to other methods to encourage trade. I examine how non-tariff trade barriers impact international trade levels. By better understanding these trade barriers, policy makers will be able to make more informed decisions. To better un
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Iandolo, Alessandro. "Soviet policy in West Africa, 1957-64." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2f17b326-8c4e-427a-8ce4-040c34582083.

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Between 1957 and 1964 the Soviet Union sought to export to West Africa a model of economic and social development. Moscow’s policy was driven by the conviction that socialism was a superior economic system, and could be replicated in Ghana, Guinea, and Mali. However, Soviet confidence in the project was undermined by the unreliability of local leaders, and then by the Congo crisis. The setback in West Africa taught the Soviet leadership crucial lessons, including the importance of supporting ideologically reliable leaders, and the necessity of building military strength to bolster intervention
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Croll, Kirsteen Davina. "Soviet-Polish relations, 1919-1921." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/663/.

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The Polish-Soviet War of 1919-1921 was a direct consequence of the ideological objectives pursued by the belligerents. Ideology shaped the political agenda and the diametrically opposed war aims of both states, and was implemented through the foreign policy, diplomatic negotiation and military engagements pursued. This proved to be the principal obstacle to the establishment of cordial relations. As western democracy and Russian Marxism battled it out, war was inevitable. Externally, the Paris Peace Conference provided the necessary conditions for the resumption of traditional Russian-Polish h
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Books on the topic "International trade – Soviet Union"

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Miller, E. Willard. United States trade--Europe, Soviet Union, Middle East, and Africa: A bibliography. Vance Bibliographies, 1991.

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Boguslavskiĭ, M. M. The reorganization of Soviet foreign trade: Legal aspects. M.E. Sharpe, 1989.

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Smith, Alan. International trade and payments in the former Soviet Union/CMEA area: Reorientation or reintegration? Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1994.

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G, Broadman Harry, ed. From disintegration to reintegration: Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union in international trade. World Bank, 2006.

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Malov, I︠U︡. Rekviem po ministerstvu: Avtobiograficheskie zametki vypusknika MGIMO. MGIMO-Universitet, 2012.

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Guerrieri, Paolo. Trade integration of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union into the world economy: A structuralist approach. Center for German and European Studies, University of California, 1993.

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Funigiello, Philip J. American-Soviet trade in the Cold War. University of North Carolina Press, 1988.

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Kashirkina, Anna, and Andrey Morozov. Russia, Euroasian economic union and World Trade Organization. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6432.

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The monograph is the first scientific publication, considering the complex&#x0D; international legal issues of the integration of rapprochement of the Russian&#x0D; Federation, Belarus and Kazakhstan after the signing of the Heads of State May&#x0D; 29, 2014 the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union. The monograph is held&#x0D; international legal analysis of the contractual framework prior Eurasian Economic&#x0D; Union integration union – Customs Union. The position of the new interstate&#x0D; integration association – the Eurasian Economic Union – as a subject of public&#x0D; international l
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K, Bertsch Gary, Elliott-Gower Steven, and Wiener Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsvergleiche., eds. The impact of governments on east-west economic relations. Macmillan inassociation with the Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies, 1990.

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Mbeki, Thabo, writer of foreword, ed. The Union of South Africa and the Soviet Union: Fractured solidarity between the African Nationalist Movement, the Trade Union Movement, the Communist International and the Communist Party of South Africa, 1910-1961. Skotaville Publishing (Pty) Ltd., 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "International trade – Soviet Union"

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Yusupova, Binazirbonu. "Women and Bazaars: Gendering Entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan." In International Political Economy Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55341-7_13.

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AbstractDespite the developmentalist prediction that with growth bazaars will give way to modern firm-type marketplaces (Geertz in JAMA 68:28–32, 1978), bazaars continue to thrive and play an important role in the lives of Central Asian people. Sites of both rent extraction and economic survival, bazaars comprise around 90% of the retail sector in Uzbekistan (Otajonova in Itogi: kak pomenyalsya riteyl i chto s nim budet v 2022 godu. [Results: how retail has changed and what will happen to it in 2022]. Spot.uz. 2021). Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, bazaars emerged as crucial sou
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Pietromarchi, Luca, and Lovett F. Edwards. "Trade Union Safeguards." In The Soviet World. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003336501-17.

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Barabantseva, Elena. "Post-Soviet White Femininities and Marriage Migration in China." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-81545-4_10.

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Abstract Ever since the 2000s official and popular Chinese discourses have been characterising Chinese-Russian marriages as the prototype of ideal transnational love. This chapter looks at what lies behind these dominant narratives of ‘beautiful and happy’ international marriages by discussing migrant women’s perspectives on their migration and marriage journeys from their home countries in the former Soviet Union to China. The upheavals of the post-socialist transitions and their impact on these women’s values and social priorities feature prominently in the stories of their escape from famil
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Nove, Alec, and Desmond Donnelly. "The Soviet Union." In Trade with Communist Countries. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003243328-16.

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Smith, Alan H. "Foreign Trade." In The Soviet Union Under Gorbachev. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18648-8_8.

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Pomfret, Richard. "From Landlocked to Land-Linked? Central Asia’s Place in the Eurasian Economy." In Between Peace and Conflict in the East and the West. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77489-9_10.

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AbstractThe Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), while primarily a security organisation, has always included economic and human baskets or dimensions. Currently, the Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities operates in four main areas: (1) good governance and anti-corruption, (2) money laundering and financing of terrorism, (3) transport, trade and border-crossing facilitation, and (4) labour migration. This chapter addresses developments in Central Asia since the dissolution of the Soviet Union that are relevant to the third area of OSC
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Muckle, James. "The Teachers’ Trade Union." In Portrait of a Soviet School under Glasnost. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21077-0_13.

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Küenzl, Jan, Christina Schwabenland, Jenny Elmaco, et al. "International Trade Union Confederation." In International Encyclopedia of Civil Society. Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4_409.

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Nakamura, Yasushi. "Money Supply and Soviet Foreign Trade." In Monetary Policy in the Soviet Union. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-49418-4_6.

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Horvat, Branko. "Customs Union." In The Theory of International Trade. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333983386_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "International trade – Soviet Union"

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Nejat, Cyrus. "NTCP Modeling for the Soviet Union Luna Program with Innovative Modifications." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Future Machine Learning and Data Science (FMLDS). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/fmlds63805.2024.00081.

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Thuy, Khanh Nguyen, and Hao Le Thi. "Application of U-Learning in Teaching at Trade Union University." In 2024 International Conference on Platform Technology and Service (PlatCon). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/platcon63925.2024.10830732.

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Sajková, Patrícia, Elena Kašťáková, and Vladyslav Bato. "Trade and Sustainable Development Between the European Union and New Zealand." In 25th International Joint Conference Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53465/ceecbe.2025.9788022552257.303-314.

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The bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the European Union (EU) and New Zealand, concluded in May 2024, represents a significant advancement in their trade and economic relations. Both partners prioritize social, economic, and environmental objectives as integral components of their trade policies, reflecting shared values and a commitment to balanced growth. The paper assesses how trade policies can support environmental objectives and strengthen circular economy principles. A particular emphasis is placed on Chapter 19 of the EU-New Zealand FTA, titled "Trade and Sustainable Develop
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Drieniková, Kristína, Ľubica Zubaľová, and Marianna Bučányová. "EU-Russia Trade Under Sanctions: An Analysis of Trade Dynamics and Intensity." In 25th International Joint Conference Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53465/ceecbe.2025.9788022552257.101-115.

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In recent years, there has been a marked escalation in tensions between Russia and Ukraine, culminating in an armed conflict. In response to this aggression, the international community has adopted a series of sanction measures as a form of protest. The European Union joined this effort, significantly affecting the development of bilateral relations not only from a political perspective but also in terms of trade. This has led to a substantial decline in the volume of mutual trade and a reduction in Russia's share of the EU's total trade. The aim of this paper is to highlight the development a
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JI- EON, LEE, and YOO NA-YEON. "SOUTH KOREA’S DIPLOMATIC RELATIONSHIP WITH UZBEKISTAN SINCE 1991: STRATEGY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH GOVERNMENT." In UZBEKISTAN-KOREA: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF COOPERATION. OrientalConferences LTD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ocl-01-03.

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One of the biggest events in international political history at the end of the 20th century was end of the Cold War due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the Cold War system, led by the US and the Soviet Union as the two main axes, disappeared into history, dramatically changing the international situation and creating new independent states in the international community. In the past, as the protagonist of the Silk Road civilization, it was a channel of trade and culture, linking the East and the West, but as members of the former
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Turdubekova, Aigul, and Elmira Kupsuralieva. "Kyrgyzstan and Eurasian Customs Union." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00823.

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This paper looks at the issue of joining the Eurasian Customs Union for Kyrgyzstan. We first provide a short description of how some former Soviet Union countries attempted to rejuvenate their regional integration followed by the review of the economic, social and political background of Kyrgyzstan in joining the Eurasian Customs Union. The main conditions for and the associated impact of joining the Union on customs tariffs and the international trade of Kyrgyzstan are discussed. By comparing the main development indicators of the Customs Union member countries we try to find any advantages f
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Gencer, Ayşen Hiç. "Gravity Modeling of Turkey's International Trade under Globalization." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00425.

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Gravity modeling in international trade is developed by Tinbergen and Poyhonen in the 1960s, inspired by Newton's standard gravity formulation. This model suggests that the volume of trade between two countries is proportional to the product of their national income and inversely proportional to the distance between them. This study attempts to answer the question whether the gravity model is still valid for the case of Turkey today in the age of globalization and declining transportation costs due to improvements in logistics and technology. To this end, Turkey's imports as well as exports da
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Tufaner, Mustafa Batuhan, Hasan Boztoprak, and İlyas Sözen. "An Alternative to The European Customs Union for Turkey in The Framework of Economic Integration Theory: Eurasian Customs Union." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.01957.

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The liberalization policies begun after 1980 and globalization process bring with new economic associations and trade blocs among countries. The European Customs Union which established to improve economic relations and to make the political integration possible after World War II, reached large trade capacity today. On the other hand, the Post-Soviet countries that followed similar way like European ones established Eurasian Customs Union under the leadership of Kazakhstan, Belarus and Russia. The advantage of European Customs Union for Turkey which became a member of it in 1995 is still disc
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Azer, Özlem Arzu. "Political and Economic Integration of the Central Asian and South Caucasian Turkish Republics into the Global World." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00244.

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With the dissolution of Soviet Union, former Soviet Republics’ central planned economy transformed into free market economy and structural reforms were made as parallel of this development. These former socialist countries have some diffficulties to adopt capitalism due to absence of some fundamental feautures of capitalism and inheritance of Soviet Union. &#x0D; Ending big threat of communism, the jeo-strategical importance of the region increased for the West because these countries own the oil and gas resources besides they are starting point or transit country of the energy pipelines. Howe
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Sarı, Yaşar. "Kyrgyzstan’s Relations with International Financial Organizations: Curse or Curve?" In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00358.

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Kyrgyzstan since the collapse of Soviet Union went to the transition path and while it is argued that it succeeded at some points, levels or degree. It is certainly that major obstacles to the successful transition are not overcome. First of all it was necessary to get out of Russian dominated economy since it was itself declining. Kyrgyzstan was the first former Soviet republics left Russian ruble zone and accepted its own currency, som in 1993. Moreover, it is also the first former Soviet republics entered to World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1998.&#x0D; Second, finding new trade partners an
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Reports on the topic "International trade – Soviet Union"

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Sargsyan, Anzhela, and Bahman Peyravi. The Impact of Trade Policies on International Marketing Strategies. Vilnius Business College, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57005/ab.2024.1.4.

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We discuss the opportunities and challenges that are faced when businesses consider expanding into Armenia. Armenia has experienced multiple economic growths, exceeding 12% in 2022 and solidifying its position as the fastest growing economy among former Soviet countries. However, despite the economic boom, businesses venturing into Armenia encounter a complex regulatory environment with a growing tech industry, lack of government bureaucracy, limited market size, limited trading process, as well as corruption remains an issue. Armenia's successful companies like PicsArt, Krisp and Softconstruc
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Giordano, Paolo. The External Dimension of MERCOSUR: Prospects for North-South Integration with the European Union. Inter-American Development Bank, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009187.

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The paper addresses the particular issues that arise during the negotiation of comprehensive trade and integration agreements, which involve political and cooperation dialogue in addition to trade liberalization talks. It explores the features of the New Regionalism that emerged in the Southern Cone region during the 1990s and in this light it analyzes MERCOSUR's South-South external agenda. Since the negotiation with the EU stands as a laboratory for a new model for North-South integration it provides a detailed analysis of the political and economic incentives for this integration process. T
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Rodríguez Pinzón, Erika, and Germán Ríos Méndez. Latin America and the Caribbean–European Union Relations: Strengthening a Strategic Alliance. Fundación Carolina, 2025. https://doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtfcieen.

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The continuous changes in international geopolitics compel different actors to review and redefine their strategic alliances. Recent events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, China’s growing influence in Latin America amid declining U.S. presence, the presidency of Donald Trump and its impact on multilateralism, Brexit, and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine illustrate an evolving and complex global scenario. This article examines how the European Union (EU) and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), with their long-standing historical ties, shared values, and various association, free trade, political,
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Jenkins, Glenn P., and George G. Poufos. Economic Integration and the Transformation of the Tax Mix: Cyprus 1990-2001. Inter-American Development Bank, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006639.

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This presentation was commissioned by the Trade and Integration Network of the Regional Policy Dialogue for the Tax Workshop on Fiscal Impact of FTAA celebrated on September 18th and 19th, 2002 in Washington, DC. Proposals for Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) have similar implications for the fiscal systems of the participating countries as now faced by countries preparing to gain entry into the European Union. Involves reducing taxes on international trade and increasing some combination of sales taxes (usually VAT), excise taxes, and income taxes.
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Calderón, César, Alberto E. Chong, and Ernesto H. Stein. Trade Intensity and Business Cycle Synchronization: Are Developing Countries any Different? Inter-American Development Bank, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010806.

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Some key criteria in the optimal currency area literature are that countries should join a currency union if they have closer international trade links and more symmetric business cycles. However, both criteria are endogenous. Frankel and Rose (1998) find that trade intensity increases cycle correlation among industrial countries. We study whether the same result holds true for the case of developing countries, as their different patterns of international trade and specialization may lead to cyclical asymmetries among them and between industrial and developing countries. We gather annual infor
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Jones, Emily, Beatriz Kira, Anna Sands, and Danilo B. Garrido Alves. The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward? Blavatnik School of Government, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp-2021/038.

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The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sourc
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Estevadeordal, Antoni, and Ekaterina Krivonos. Negotiating Market Access between the European Union and MERCOSUR: Issues and Prospects. Inter-American Development Bank, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008654.

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The European Union (EU) and MERCOSUR are the largest and most influential regions, both by population and in terms of size of the economy, of their respective continents. The renewed priority given to biregional cooperation launched by the Inter-Regional Framework Agreement signed in 1995 is based on deep historical, political, economic and cultural links between the two regions. The potential advantages of an agreement that will foster a process of dynamic cooperation are enormous, ranging from political influence to economic returns, including the gains from comparative advantage, expanding
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Quak, Evert-jan. The Trend Of “De-Risking” In International Finance and Its Impact on Small Island Developing States. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.079.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic sources, knowledge institutions, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and trusted independent media outlets on the challenges small island development states (SIDS) face when they lose correspondent banking relationships (CBRs). The rapid review concludes that, although the loss of CBRs is a global phenomenon, regions with SIDS, such as the Pacific and Caribbean, have seen the highest rates of withdrawals. During the last decade, local and regional banks in SIDS have lost and continue to lose bank accounts at large global banks to a
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Sus, Monika, Cornelius Adebah, and Angel Saz-Carranza. 10 Recommendations to Make the European Union a Stronger Global Actor. EsadeGeo. Center for Global Economy and Geopolitics, 2024. https://doi.org/10.56269/202406/ms.

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Following the European Parliament elections in June, a new EU leadership will take the helm to navigate the Union through an array of significant challenges. The EU faces an unprecedented combination of external threats: Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine and the growing influences of Russia and China in the EU’s neighbourhood; the repercussions of the Israel-Gaza war; the Union’s economic, energy, and military dependencies and exposure to climate change; the rise of right-wing authoritarianism across many countries in Europe and its neighbourhood; and the uncertainty of the United States
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Gutman, Éva. FDI screening regime of the European Union, is a way toward protectionism? ELTE Faculty of Law, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58360/20240607-gutman.

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Foreign direct investment is undeniably one of the drivers of economic development, and as such, it has economic benefits, and functions as a catalysator for international trade and globalization. Even though its positive returns, might be reasons to be restricted, especially when the planned FDI transaction conflicts with the public order or security interest of a State. To 2017, several trading partners of the European Union already established FDI screening mechanisms or restrictive measures, what caused inequality toward the Union. Furthermore, more Member States had already introduced FDI
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