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Journal articles on the topic 'International transfers of goods'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Sevostianenko, Denys. "Legal principles of state control over international transfers of dual-use goods." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 1 (57) (2024): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2024.57.73-79.

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Background. The need to control international transfers of dual-use goods remains an urgent need of the entire International Community in the twenty-first century, as such processes are accompanied by the risk of obtaining these goods by international terrorist groups, international criminal organizations and governments of states against which restrictive measures have been introduced. The purpose of the article is to provide a theoretical justification for the administrative and legal model of state control over international transfers of dual-use goods. Methods. In the course of the study,

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2

Awolusi, Olawumi Dele, Ezekiel Jide Fayomi, and GANIYU Idris Olayiwola. "International Trade, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Technology Transfer: A Comparative Study of Asian and African Economies." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 8, no. 6(J) (2017): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v8i6(j).1498.

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Abstract: This paper investigates the long-run equilibrium relationships and short-term effect of international trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on international technology transfers in selected African and Asian countries from 1980 to 2013.The Johansen and Juselius multivariate co-integration technique and the granger causality test was used to test these relationships. The findings confirmed the presence of co-integrating vectors in the models of these countries. The outcome of the test posits short-run causal relationships, which run either bidirectionally or unidirectionally in al

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3

PONOMAROV, Oleksandr. "Social conditioning and grounds for criminalization of violations of the procedure for carrying out the international transfer of goods which are the subject to state export control." Economics. Finances. Law 1, no. - (2023): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2023.1.3.

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The paper emphasizes that violation of the procedure for international transfers of goods subject to state export control directly threatens the national security of the state itself. The criteria that serve as a measure of the social conditioning of the criminalization of violation of the order of international transfers of goods subject to state export control have been determined. Groups of factors influencing criminalization are identified. A literature review of the grounds of the criminal law prohibition, which serve as objective prerequisites for its establishment, was carried out. The

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4

Henner, Henri-F. "Un modèle analytique des transferts de technologie." L'Actualité économique 60, no. 3 (2009): 355–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/601301ar.

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ABSTRACT This study deals with international technology transfers. A theoretical and analytical model is presented as well as applications to real international economic problems. In the first part the author reminds the Ricardian model with a continuous of goods. In the second part, the model is applied to the study of technology transfers and an attempt is made to deal with endogeneous technological change using Pugel's approach. In the last part, the model is applied to the following questions: free technology transfer, the choice of an appropriate technology, the relation between wage rate

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5

Gorbachov, D. M. "Violation of the procedure for international transfers of goods subject to state export control: problems of determining the moment of termination." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence 2, no. 3 (2025): 354–59. https://doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2025.03.2.57.

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The article establishes that determination of the moment of termination of a violation of the procedure for international transfers of goods subject to state export control may be established by interpreting the elements of this criminal offense, which are blanket and require clarification of the relevant provisions in the regulatory legislation of Ukraine. In addition, when establishing the moment of termination of the criminal offense under Article 333 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, it is necessary to proceed from the fact that the socially dangerous act in this article is referred to as “

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6

Raisa, Perelyhina, and Ponomarev Oleksandr. "CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR VIOLATION OF THE PROCEDURE FOR CARRYING OUT INTERNATIONAL TRANSFER OF GOODS SUBJECT TO STATE EXPORT CONTROL AS ONE OF THE MEANS OF ENSURING COLLECTIVE INTERNATIONAL SECURITY." Journal of International Legal Communication 14, no. 3 (2024): 60–68. https://doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2024.14.3.pp.60-68.

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Abstract. The article emphasizes that violation of the procedure for international transfers of goods subject to state export control directly threatens the national security of the state itself. The criteria that serve as a measure of the social conditioning of the criminalization of violation of the order of international transfers of goods subject to state export control have been determined. Groups of factors affecting criminalization are identified. A literature review of the grounds of the criminal law prohibition, which serve as objective prerequisites for its establishment, was carried

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7

Sevostianenko, D. "ASPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF MILITARY AND DUAL-USE GOODS BLACK EXPORT." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 1 (45) (2021): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2021.45.62-66.

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The research on some aspects of legal regulation of military and dual-use goods black exports is carried out in the article. It is based on the analysis of modern views of scientists on the definition of "shadow market of military and dual-use goods", "black export of military and dual-use goods", "gray export of military and dual-use goods", as well as current legislation in relevant field. It is established that the smuggling process is not identical to the process of black export of military and dual-use goods, as the list of its items, as defined by Article 201 of the Criminal Code of Ukra

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8

Abadi, Mohsen Hodssein, and Alireza Azadi Kalkoshki. "Delivery of Goods on International Sales." Journal of Politics and Law 10, no. 4 (2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v10n4p100.

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Commitment to delivery of goods that are addressed in the materials 30 to 44 of the International Sale convention is a fundamental obligation of the seller that Article 30 stipulates that the seller must deliver the goods, hand over any documents relating to them and transfer the property in the goods, as required by the contract and this Convention. According to this article we can be divided sale person in three categories: Transfer the property of the goods, Delivery of the Goods, Handing over of Documents.Two other obligations that are not expressly stated in this article and during other

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9

Brock, Philip L. "International Transfers, the Relative Price of Non-Traded Goods, and the Current Account." Canadian Journal of Economics 29, no. 1 (1996): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/136157.

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10

Khudzhatov, M. B., and V. Y. Vakhrushev. "Current problems of currency operations in foreign economic activities." Mezhdunarodnaja jekonomika (The World Economics), no. 3 (March 28, 2023): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-04-2303-01.

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International trade in goods is one of the most important tools for the development of the world economy. International trade meets the needs of the countries of the world in various goods, the production of which is absent in this country or does not fully satisfy domestic demand. Almost all countries in the world are interested in the development of international trade in goods. On the one hand, countries provide domestic needs through international trade. On the other hand, commodity supplies to international markets contribute to the infl ow of foreign exchange earnings into the country, t

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11

Revenko, L. S., and N. S. Revenko. "THE WASSENAAR ARRANGEMENT AND RUSSIAN HIGH-TECH EXPORT." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 1(46) (February 28, 2016): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-1-46-169-179.

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The current military and political situation in the world raises the necessity of use by Russia of all existing tools to counter actions targeted against it. Participation of the country in international export control regimes, including the Wassenaar Arrangement (the WA), is one of these tools. Membership in the WA allows to Russia to maintain its international status, to contribute to strengthening of international stability, to ensure the non-targeting of this forum against the country, to participate in the development of decisions affecting its interests. Participation in the WA is also i

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12

Gutsulyak, Vasiliy N. "The Types of the Charter-Parties in International Commercial Shipping." Proceedings of the Institute of State and Law of the RAS 14, no. 4 (2019): 108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35427/2073-4522-2019-14-4-gutsulyak.

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One of the most important tools for the use of sea and river vessels for the carriage of goods is a contract of affreightment (charter party). Under the terms of the charter-party, one party (the shipowner) transfers the vessel or part of its premises to the other party (the charterer) for the established remuneration (the freight).Despite the fact that charter-parties have long been used in the practice of shipping, however, today both in doctrine and in practice there is no unified approach to their classification and understanding of their legal nature.According to the author, at present al

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13

Jumayev, Kurbanmurat Xurramovich. "METHODOLOGY FOR INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF MHT INDICATORS." Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 12 (2024): 1150–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14566599.

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This article focuses on the use of official exchange rates for the transfer of national currencies, real purchasing power parity (PPP), its coefficient characterizing the prices of goods in the countries of the world as a statistical category, the division of the volumes and flows of goods and services into changes over time, the many flows reflected in the PPS, deflation based on a price index, comparison of international indices of material volumes and measuring the purchasing power parity of different currencies from price comparisons.

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14

Jeck, Tomáš, and Vladimír Baláž. "Geographies of tacit knowledge transfer: Evidence from the European co-authorship network." Moravian Geographical Reports 28, no. 2 (2020): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2020-0008.

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AbstractThe patterns of scientific cooperation between the 28 European Union (EU) member countries, Switzerland and Norway, from 1993 and 2017, are evaluated in this article. We consider co-authorship patterns to be proxies for international transfers of tacit knowledge. The theoretical part of the paper contains propositions by researchers in evolutionary economic geography on path-dependence, selection and variation, and the role of networks in knowledge transfer. The principal argument is that the geographical configurations of knowledge transfers over distance are shaped via a set of conne

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15

Hong, Chaopeng, Hongyan Zhao, Yue Qin, et al. "Land-use emissions embodied in international trade." Science 376, no. 6593 (2022): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abj1572.

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International trade separates consumption of goods from related environmental impacts, including greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and land-use change (together referred to as “land-use emissions”). Through use of new emissions estimates and a multiregional input-output model, we evaluated land-use emissions embodied in global trade from 2004 to 2017. Annually, 27% of land-use emissions and 22% of agricultural land are related to agricultural products ultimately consumed in a different region from where they were produced. Roughly three-quarters of embodied emissions are from land-use

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16

RYNDZAK, Olha. "STATE REGULATION OF THE NATIVE MIGRANTS’ REMITTANCES." Economy of Ukraine 2021, no. 3 (2021): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2021.03.087.

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The remittances of the migrants can become one of the most significant positive results of international migration. Still, the usage of their capabilities demands scientific-based prudent state control. In Ukraine, the policy in this field is merely at the stage of the development. The international experience of the realization of the ways of revenue stimulation from international migrants and the main ways of their mobilization in the development of countries – suppliers of the labor power have been reviewed. The main channels of international money transfers and their fees have been analyze

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17

Manole, Tatiana. "MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY'S INTERNATIONAL FOREIGN CURRENCY-FINANCIAL RELATIONS." Administrarea Publica, no. 2(114) (2022): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52327/1813-8489.2022.2(114).05.

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This article deals with the set of issues related to economic - currency-financial relations with abroad. To this end, we first presented the general concepts of this process including foreign exchange policy, the foreign exchange market accompanied by the exchange rate. For the practical work of the financial manager of the enterprise of particular importance are the transfers of funds through correspondent banks. That is why we considered it opportune for the financial manager to know the movement of funds in the process of import-export of goods. In this case, it is necessary to understand

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18

Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada, and Santiago Chelala. "Trade agreements and international technology transfer." Review of World Economics 157, no. 3 (2021): 631–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10290-021-00420-7.

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AbstractThis is the first paper that analyzes for a global sample of countries how trade agreements that include technology-related provisions impact exports of goods, and how this impact differs depending on the technology content of the goods. It includes estimations of a structural gravity model for a panel of 176 countries over the period 1995–2015. The model differentiates between provisions relating technology transfer, technical cooperation, research and development, and patents and intellectual property rights. It also estimates the differences in these effects depending on whether the

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19

Silva, Emilson C. D. "Efficient International Environmental Agreements for Correlated Transnational Pollutants in the Presence of Free Trade of Goods and International Transfers." Strategic Behavior and the Environment 1, no. 2 (2011): 175–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/102.00000008.

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20

Tauwhare, Richard. "Herding Smart Cats: Applying Export Controls on Intangible Transfers of Technology in UK Universities." Global Trade and Customs Journal 10, Issue 3 (2015): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2015009.

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Trade controls on software and technology are essential to controls on sensitive goods. But deciding whether the transfer of a particular piece of 'know how' is subject to controls is challenging, particularly when it might be made simply in an email or even, in some cases, face-to-face conversation. These challenges are compounded by decentralized structures, competition for research funds and strong traditions of academic freedom in UK universities. Few of the top twenty-four research universities in the UK have a formal export controls policy in place, underlining the need for renewed effor

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21

Peters, G. P., S. J. Davis, and R. M. Andrew. "A synthesis of carbon in international trade." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 3 (2012): 3949–4023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-3949-2012.

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Abstract. In a globalised world, the transfer of carbon between regions, either physically or embodied in production, represents a substantial fraction of global carbon emissions. The resulting emission transfers are important for balancing regional carbon budgets and for understanding the drivers of regional emissions. In this paper we synthesise current understanding in two parts: (1) embodied CO2 emissions from the production of goods and services produced in one country but consumed in others, (2) physical carbon flows in fossil fuels, petroleum-derived products, harvested wood products, c

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Peters, G. P., S. J. Davis, and R. Andrew. "A synthesis of carbon in international trade." Biogeosciences 9, no. 8 (2012): 3247–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3247-2012.

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Abstract. In a globalised world, the transfer of carbon between regions, either physically or embodied in production, represents a substantial fraction of global carbon emissions. The resulting emission transfers are important for balancing regional carbon budgets and for understanding the drivers of emissions. In this paper we synthesise current understanding in two parts: (1) CO2 emissions embodied in goods and services that are produced in one country but consumed in others, and (2) carbon physically present in fossil fuels, petroleum-derived products, harvested wood products, crops, and li

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23

Berlingher, Daniel. "The Effects of the International Contract for Sale of Goods." Journal of Legal Studies 19, no. 33 (2017): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jles-2017-0007.

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Abstract The contracts are the indispensable legal instruments for any economic transaction. The international sale contract is the main legal instrument by which international commerce is carried out and through which the movement of goods from producer to consumer is ensured within cross-border relations. The sale contract in international commerce is the legal act by which the parties, the seller and the buyer, belonging to different states, commit each other to transfer the property of a good in return for payment of a price. Regarding the general rules applicable to the contract of intern

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24

DIDIER, Raphaël, and Yamina TADJEDDINE. "Les cryptoactifs, innovations sociales et institution." Management international 28, no. 4 (2024): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.59876/a-3fvp-rbwa.

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This article proposes to analyze cryptoassets as social innovations through their capacity to respond to new polymorphic needs and to transform the structuring institutions of the economic system. The framework of the School of Regulation defines five structural forms: money, competition, the wage relation, the state and the international order. The institution originally targeted by cryptoassets is money, responding to new needs (aspiration to currencies freed from states and banks, search for anonymity, ease for international transfers and credible alternative to the dollar). Cryptoassets al

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Hernández, Julio César, and Wilfredo Toledo. "The Effect of Remittances on Imports in Eight Latin-American Countries." Review of Economic Analysis 12, no. 3 (2020): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/rea.v12i3.1773.

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Remittances are an important source of external resources for developing countries. These transfers may increase the levels of consumption and capital formation in these economies. This paper examines the economic impact of international remittances on different import categories. A panel VAR was estimated using data from eight Latin-American economies during the 1991 to 2004 period. The impulse response functions show that remittances increase imports of capital, consumption, and intermediate goods. It was also found that the accelerator is a plausible transmission mechanism from this type of

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26

Puaschunder, Julia. "Intergenerational leadership: an extension of contemporary corporate social responsibility models." Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review 2, no. 1 (2018): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgobr_v2_i1_p1.

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The following paper promotes the idea of intergenerational equity in the corporate world as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) means to coordinating the common goods and imbuing economic stability beyond a purely governmental approach. The outlined intergenerational equity constraints herald a call for intergenerational equity – the fairness to provide an at least as favorable standard of living as enjoyed today. As an implicit contract and transfer between living and future generations, intergenerational equity avoids discriminating against future generations and ensures future infrastruct

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Howard, Neil. "Towards ethical good practice in cash transfer trials and their evaluation." Open Research Europe 2 (March 21, 2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14258.2.

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Over the past 20 years, cash transfers have become increasingly widespread within international development and global social policy. Often, their roll out is preceded by a trial or pilot phase aiming to check feasibility and effectiveness. These pilots can involve thousands of people. However, there is limited discussion within the literature (and even less in practice) of how and whether cash transfer trials and the research that they involve can respect ethical standards. This paper represents an initial step towards filling that gap. It does so by reviewing the latest literature pertaining

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28

Cheng, Chao-Yo. "Poverty alleviation and state building in peripheral areas: evidence from China." Japanese Journal of Political Science 22, no. 4 (2021): 312–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109921000281.

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AbstractThe literature suggests that the distributive allocations of local public goods help politicians secure support and thus contribute to political survival. We argue that the selective assignment of state-led infrastructure projects can bolster political control in peripheral areas by inducing the government's investment in essential administrative and security apparatus for project implementation and long-term state building. Drawing on a unique county-level dataset, we study the effects of poverty alleviation transfers in Xinjiang. We find that poverty alleviation was associated with s

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29

Janssen, A. D. M. "Country Note: International Trade, a Never-Ending Trend." Intertax 48, Issue 12 (2020): 1155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2020115.

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This article describes the recent developments in international trade and VAT. International trade has become an integral part of our economy and the judicial calendar of the EU Court of Justice. An interesting case regarding the intra-Community transport of goods is the Herst case. This case is an example of how the case law of the EU Court of Justice provides some guidance regarding VAT rules concerning the intra-Community supply of goods and chain transactions prior to 1 January 2020. As of 1 January 2020, the new provisions established with the 2020 Quick Fixes are applicable that establis

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Howard, Neil. "Towards ethical good practice in cash transfer trials and their evaluation." Open Research Europe 2 (January 25, 2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14258.1.

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Over the past 20 years, cash transfers have become increasingly widespread within international development and global social policy. Often, their roll out is preceded by a trial or pilot phase aiming to check feasibility and effectiveness. These pilots can involve thousands of people. However, there is limited discussion within the literature (and even less in practice) of how and whether cash transfer trials and the research that they involve can respect ethical standards. This paper represents an initial step towards filling that gap. It does so by reviewing the latest literature pertaining

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31

Benedyk, Ya S. "The influence of international control mechanisms over the transfer of dual-use items on the development of national regulatory instruments in the relevant area." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 4, no. 84 (2024): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.84.4.29.

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The article is devoted to the characteristics of key international instruments in the field of control over the transfer of dual-use goods and technologies and the specifics of their influence on the formation and development of the export control mechanism of Ukraine. Even though the foundations of international legal cooperation in the relevant field were laid by treaties in the field of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Convention on Biological Weapons, Convention on Chemical Weapons), its regulatory core consists of acts a

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Didkivska, H. V., and N. V. Popelnyuk. "CRIMINAL LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIOLATION OF THE PROCEDURE FOR INTERNATIONAL TRANSFERS OF GOODS SUBJECT TO STATE EXPERT CONTROL." Juridical scientific and electronic journal 5 (2019): 224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2019-5/54.

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Ghambaryan, Gohar G., Vardan Mkhitaryan, and Anzhela Ayriyants. "Strategic prospects for using international experience of foreign investment in Armenia." Journal of Political Science: Bulletin of Yerevan University 3, no. 1(7) (2024): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/jops/2024.3.7.087.

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The article analyzes the strategic prospects for creating stable conditions for attracting additional volumes of foreign investment in the Armenian economy, which is due to the lack of own funds for sustainable social and economic development. The relevance of issues related to the role and place of foreign investment in Armenia, occurring due to the globalization of the world and regional economy, creating or limiting conditions for the movement of capital, has increased sharply in light of the sharp intensification of the policy of attracting foreign investment in the South Caucasus region.

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GOMÓŁKA, Krystyna. "ECONOMIC CONTACTS BETWEEN AZERBAIJAN AND THE EUROPEAN UNION." Historical and social-educational ideas 10, no. 6/2 (2019): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2018-10-6/2-53-61.

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After regaining independence in the early 1990s, the Republic of Azerbaijan signed many international agreements. It also established relations with the European Union. Economic contacts between the partners were revived by the partnership and cooperation agreement’s entry into force in 1999. It assumed political dialogue, assistance in building democracy, cooperation in the sphere of economy and investment. In terms of trade in goods and services, the country have granted each other most-favored-nation clauses in the collection of customs duties and charges, transit clearance, composition and

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Dey, Sima Rani, and Faroque Ahmed. "International Remittances and Household Expenditure Patterns in Bangladesh." Indian Economic Journal 72, no. 4 (2024): 689–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00194662241238937.

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The study endeavours to investigate how the transfers of international remittances influence the expenditure behaviour of returnee migrant families in Bangladesh. The primary data were collected using the multi-stage stratified random sampling technique through a structured questionnaire from Tangail and Comilla on several expenditure characteristics of migrants. Propensity score matching (PSM) method is employed to assess the impact of remittances on expenditure patterns of returnee migrant households through the estimation of average treatment effects on the treated. The PSM technique has al

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Kramon, Eric, and Daniel N. Posner. "Who Benefits from Distributive Politics? How the Outcome One Studies Affects the Answer One Gets." Perspectives on Politics 11, no. 2 (2013): 461–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592713001035.

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Papers in the burgeoning empirical literature on distributive politics often focus their analysis on the pattern of distribution of a single patronage good—for example, cash transfers, roads, education spending, electrification, or targeted grants. Yet because governments can favor constituencies through the targeting of multiple public and private goods, drawing general conclusions about distributive politics by investigating just one (or even a few) good(s) can be misleading. We demonstrate the severity of this problem by investigating a particular manifestation of distributive politics—ethn

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Berestov, Ihor, Oksana Pestremenko-Skrypka, Hanna Shelekhan, and Tetiana Berestova. "Digitalization of the Processes of Customs Control and Customs Clearance of Goods in Railway Transport." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences 2, no. 5(36) (2022): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2022.5(36).2.291-298.

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The article is devoted to the research of proposals on the organization of rational customs control, processing and passing of trains at the border transfer stations of Ukraine in the service international traffic. For quality work and fast processing of cars there is a need to improve the information component of the transportation process export and import freight flows through border transmission stations. This possibility is provided by the use of electronic declaration during the registration of international cargo operations. International transportation of goods is a necessary detail th

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CHARNYSH, VOLHA. "Diversity, Institutions, and Economic Outcomes: Post-WWII Displacement in Poland." American Political Science Review 113, no. 2 (2019): 423–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055419000042.

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How does an increase in cultural diversity affect state–society interactions? Do institutional differences between heterogeneous and homogeneous communities influence economic activity? I argue that heterogeneity not only impedes informal cooperation but also increases demand for third-party enforcement provided by the state. Over time, the greater willingness of heterogeneous communities to engage with state institutions facilitates the accumulation of state capacity and, in common-interest states, promotes private economic activity. I test this argument using original data on post-WWII popul

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LEHMANN, M. CHRISTIAN, and DANIEL T. R. MASTERSON. "Does Aid Reduce Anti-refugee Violence? Evidence from Syrian Refugees in Lebanon." American Political Science Review 114, no. 4 (2020): 1335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055420000349.

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Anti-refugee violence often accompanies refugee migration, but the factors that fuel or mitigate that violence remain poorly understood, including the common policy response in such settings of humanitarian aid. Existing theory and policy debates predict that aid to refugees exacerbates anti-refugee violence by increasing hosts’ resentment toward refugees. In contrast, however, aid may reduce violence in ways such as increasing host communities’ well-being through more demand for local goods and services and refugees sharing aid. We test for the sign and mechanisms of this relationship. Eviden

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Jones, Geoffrey. "Control, Performance, and Knowledge Transfers in Large Multinationals: Unilever in the United States, 1945–1980." Business History Review 76, no. 3 (2002): 435–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4127795.

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This article considers key issues relating to the organization and performance of large multinational firms in the post-Second World War period. Although foreign direct investment is defined by ownership and control, in practice the nature of that “control” is far from straightforward. The issue of control is examined, as is the related question of the “stickiness” of knowledge within large international firms. The discussion draws on a case study of the Anglo-Dutch consumer goods manufacturer Unilever, which has been one of the largest direct investors in the United States in the twentieth ce

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Maia Chechelashvili, Maia Chechelashvili, and Giorgi Bekauri Giorgi Bekauri. "The Concept of Customs Logistics." Economics 105, no. 11-12 (2022): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/11-12/2022-67.

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Along with the increasing pace of globalization, the volume of passenger and cargo movement between countries is steadily increasing. International supply chain in modern business activities includes not only the planning of shipment of goods, but much attention is paid to cargo clearance procedures. The growing role of customs authorities has become particularly striking in the face of the international transport collapse caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. If not for timely and correct action, the economic losses caused by the crisis would be much greater than what we are facing today. Modern b

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Rubil, Ivica. "Distributivni učinci ukidanja »socijalno motiviranih« sniženih stopa PDV-a radi povećanja izdašnosti i obuhvata ciljanih transfera: mikrosimulacijska analiza za Hrvatsku." Revija za socijalnu politiku 29, no. 2 (2022): 129–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3935/rsp.v29i2.1953.

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Many countries, including Croatia, support households in need not only through social transfers, but also through ‘socially motivated’ reduced VAT rates for goods such as food. These measures are also useful to those who are richer, so the question arises whether it is more desirable to increase social benefits that target low-income housholds. This paper analyses distributive effects of a hypothetical reform of the Croatian system of taxation and transfers which includes: (a) abolition of socially motivated reduced VAT rates; (b) increase of generosity and the number of the users of guarantee

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Dvurechenska, O. S. "Regulatory and legal framework for chemical safety in Ukraine." Epistemological Studies in Philosophy, Social and Political Sciences 1, no. 1-2 (2017): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/341807.

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Ukraine has never manufactured, amassed or applied chemical weapon. However, on the territory of Ukraine, a significant amount of poisonous substances are used in the industry, in domestic life, in medical and scientific institutions, which may exert a detrimental influence on people and environment. Moreover, various substances may be involved in the production of chemical weapons.The article is aimed at investigating the legal and regulatory framework of Ukraine, which is necessary for the effective functioning of the chemical safety system.At the beginning of the XXI century, a powerful int

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Huan, Chen, and Wu Hao. "Siquian City’s Exporting of Goods: Competitiveness and Survival Analysis Amidst Challenges." Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting 24, no. 2 (2024): 150–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i21231.

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In 2020, in the face of the sudden impact of the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic, Suqian's economy has withstood the test of the epidemic, showing a good situation of "rapid stabilization and gradual recovery", and the "13th Five-Year Plan" has come to a successful end. In the year of 2020, when the Sino-US trade war has not ended and the new coronavirus epidemic is raging, Suqian's foreign trade can achieve such good results, which is worthy of affirmation. However, while affirming that Suqian can still achieve such excellent results in the export of goods in such a severe situation at hom

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Schreiber, Hanna. "Regulation (EU) 2019/880 and the 1970 UNESCO Convention – A Note on the Interplay between the EU and UNESCO Import Regimes." Santander Art and Culture Law Review 7, no. 2 (2021): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2450050xsnr.21.023.15268.

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The 1970 UNESCO Convention is the key international instrument to protect movable cultural heritage. States Parties to this treaty undertake to adopt measures to prohibit and prevent the illicit trade in such objects, as well as those designed to stop the import of unlawfully exported cultural goods. The EU, as an important UNESCO partner and a powerful regional organization, has been urged since the 2000s by many international actors as well as its own institutions to curb the illicit transfer of cultural goods within its boundaries, especially in the light of the influx of cultural material

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Myronenko, Ihor. "Application of «INCOTERMS» in drafting commercial transactions." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 64 (January 15, 2024): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.64.203-213.

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This article examines the legal nature, content and procedure of application of «International commercial terms» («Incoterms») when drafting commercial transactions. These rules are the development of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and constitute an important component of the mechanism of international trade. They are widely used all over the world in the implementation of international and domestic commercial activities. «Incoterms» are systematically updated in accordance with the needs of commercial practice, the most recent edition is from 2020.«Incoterms» by their legal natur

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Yarusevych, Ye Yu. "Some features of legal nature and essence of international transfer of military goods and dual use goods." States and Regions. Series: Public Administration 3 (2019): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/1813-3401-2019-3-27.

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Gwak, Minhui. "Application of IncotermsⓇ 2020 to Risk Transfer in International Goods Trading." Journal of Theory and Practics of Private Law 25, no. 3 (2022): 33–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21132/minsa.2022.25.3.02.

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Matondang, Khairani Alawiyah, Anisa Fitria Sinaga, Atika Atayarisah Lubis, and Regita Amelia. "Analyzing the Impact of International Trade on Indonesia's Economic Growth." PKM-P 8, no. 2 (2024): 295–301. https://doi.org/10.32832/jurma.v8i2.2522.

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International trade is an arena where goods and services are exchanged on a global scale. This happens because various countries collaborate in trade, driven by the desire to circulate goods and services freely. Through international trade, a country can increase prosperity and create balance in demand, supply, and services. This research aims to analyze the impact of international trade on Indonesia's economic growth. The research method used is qualitative research using literature review, where the author will examine written sources from various library references by collecting data, revie

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EmirCelik, M. "The Status of CIF Contracts between the Sale of Goods and the Sale of Documents." Frontiers in Law 2 (November 15, 2023): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2817-2302.2023.02.14.

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The intricate nature of international trade is encapsulated in the complexities of CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) contracts, which stand at the intersection of the sale of goods and the sale of documents. This paper seeks to dissect the pivotal roles played by documents and goods within CIF contracts and to ascertain whether these contracts are more accurately defined as sales of documents rather than sales of goods. By examining legal cases and dissecting the contractual obligations of parties involved in CIF contracts, this study aims to shed light on the essence of these contracts in th

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