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Grubesic, Tony H. "A Spatial Analysis of Internet Accessibility." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu997995873.
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Beukes, Eldre, Vinaya Manchaiah, Marc A. Fagelson, Maria Munoz, Elizabeth Parks Aronson, and Gerhard Andersson. "Improving Accessibility of an Internet-Intervention for Tinnitus." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7813.
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An Internet-based tinnitus intervention for use in the USA can address barriers that weaken the provision of tinnitus-related services. Although such interventions exist, their suitability for this population was questioned. The aim of this study was to adapt an Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy intervention (ICBT) for tinnitus to ensure its utility for a US population. The study objectives were to ensure the program’s accessibility in terms of readability, language, and cultural appropriateness.
Methods: The intervention materials were redesigned and simplified to support use by a novel patient group. Readability Studio was used to evaluate reading levels using six different formula. Cultural and linguistic adaptions were identified by clinicians in the USA. Accessibility was further enhanced as the intervention materials were translated into Spanish.
Results: Accessibility measures ensured all chapters had readability levels of between Grades 5-6. Cultural and linguistic adaptations were made in terms of content, vocabulary, and spelling. To improve patient engagement, adaptions were made to the interactive elements, goal setting and worksheets.
Conclusion: Internet intervention materials were revised to adhere to best practice guidelines. Further studies should determine whether these changes improved self-efficacy, engagement, and aided motivation to complete the intervention.
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Grubesic, Tony H. "A spatial analysis of internal accessibility." Connect to this title online, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu997995873.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2001.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 234 p.; also contains graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Morton E. O'Kelly, Dept. of Geography. Includes bibliographical references (p. 225-234).
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Thorén, Tobias. "Exploring visual accessibility and why it is missing on the internet." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43299.
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The internet is becoming the primary channel for many daily tasks, services and necessities. The information and services available on the internet should be accessible to everyone, especially when the only channel available is the internet. For the visually impaired the internet can be a great asset, but also an impossible barrier depending on how the website has been implemented. The goal of this paper was to explore why accessibility for the visually impaired on the internet is not more widespread, and what factors affect the creation of visually accessible websites. Through creating an evaluation method and assessing it, along with end-user as well as developer interviews and feedback we find indicators that the root cause of the issue is multi-factored. Education, resources and directive from clients and superiors seem to be the major culprits.
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Silva, Lucas Augusto da. "Socialização política e acessibilidade digital:a experiência de estudantes brasileiros do ensino médio." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17653.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Sociologia<br>O presente trabalho, que toma a forma de um estudo de caso descritivo, visou estudar a relação entre socialização política e acessibilidade digital em estudantes brasileiros do Ensino Médio da cidade de São Caetano do Sul, município digitalmente mais incluído do país.
Neste encalço, a pesquisa foi norteada pela enunciação de três hipóteses, que sugeriam acerca do impacto do grau de acessibilidade digital sobre a influência dos agentes de socialização política (tipo e importância relativa), a orientação e a participação política dos jovens.
Um inquérito por questionário foi aplicado junto de 123 jovens de três instituições de ensino, tendo sido a amostra compatível com a distribuição etária e de gênero do universo de referência. Como esperado, os jovens inquiridos caracterizaram-se por médios a elevados níveis de acessibilidade digital, sendo residual a percentagem de jovens caracterizados por níveis de acessibilidade digital baixa.
Constatou-se que os jovens apresentam um grande interesse face à tecnologia digital e suas inovações bem como um desinteresse pela participação política, particularmente a institucionalizada. Constatou-se também que a família e a televisão persistem como agentes de socialização apercebidos pelos jovens como especialmente influentes, ao contrário da religião.
Ademais, embora não tenha sido possível relacionar o nível de acessibilidade digital dos jovens com a relevância dos agentes de socialização política, a sua orientação e participação políticas, conclui-se que a maioria dos jovens questionados manifestou afastamento dos espaços institucionais da política, algo refletido no baixo percentual de indivíduos que possuem título de eleitor, bem como na escassa afinidade com os partidos políticos.<br>The present work, which takes the form of a descriptive case study, was aimed to analyze the relationship between political socialization and digital accessibility in Brazilian high school students in the city of São Caetano do Sul, the country 's most digitally included municipality.
In this regard, the research was guided by the enunciation of three hypotheses, which suggested the impact of the degree of digital accessibility on the influence of agents of political socialization (type and relative importance), the orientation and political participation of young people.
A questionnaire survey was applied to 123 youngsters from three educational institutions, and the sample was compatible with the age and gender distribution of the reference universe. As expected, the young respondents were characterized by means to high levels of digital accessibility, being residual the percentage of young people characterized by levels of low digital accessibility.
It was found that young people have a great interest in digital technology and its innovations as well as a lack of interest in political participation, particularly institutionalized participation. It has also been found that family and television persist as agents of socialization perceived by young people as especially influential, unlike religion.
Moreover, although it was not possible to relate the level of digital accessibility of young people to the relevance of political socialization agents, their political orientation and participation, it is concluded that the majority of young people questioned expressed a withdrawal from the institutional spaces of politics, something reflected in the low percentage of individuals with voters' titles, as well as in the lack of affinity with political parties.<br>N/A
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Alves, Aline da Silva. "Estudo do uso de diálogos de mediação para melhorar a interação de surdos bilíngues na Web." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2012. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/6225.
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Submitted by Alves Aline (aline@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2013-01-21T19:08:50Z
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FinalissimaDissertCompleta2012.pdf: 1575085 bytes, checksum: 7e59dd41d59efca8820df7d44eb758a2 (MD5)<br>Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.<br>De maneira geral, os usuários surdos pré-linguísticos bilíngue possuem dificuldade
em compreender a informação textual disponível nas páginas da web.
Para tanto, o presente foca-se no uso de diálogos de mediação na interação de
surdos pré-linguísticos bilíngues em um contexto organizacional, possibilitando
identificar as rupturas na comunicação entre interface e usuário tanto na página
web do sistema de informação, quanto no uso dos diálogos de mediação. Nesse
contexto, avaliamos a interação dos usuários nas atividades de navegação e
entrada de dados no sistema organizacional, investigando as diferenças na comunicação
do sistema interativo sem e com o uso dos diálogos de mediação
através da ferramenta Web Navigation Helper (WNH). O resultado da pesquisa
possibilitou identificar que o desenvolvimento de estratégias comunicativas que
respeitam as especificidades linguísticas de surdos pré-linguísticos bilíngues
melhora a qualidade da metacomunicação, promovendo acessibilidade durante
a interação com o sistema.<br>In general, pre-linguistic deaf bilingual users have difficulty understanding the
textual information available in web pages. Therefore, this paper focuses on the
use of dialogs mediating the interaction of pre-linguistic deaf in a bilingual organizational
context, identify possible breakdowns in communication between both
user interface and web page system information, as in the use of mediation dialogues.
In that context, we evaluated the interaction of users' activities navigation
and data entry in the organizational system, investigating differences in interactive
communication system with and without the use of mediation dialogues
through tool Web Navigation Helper (WNH). The survey results identified
that the development of communication strategies that meet the specific language
of deaf pre-linguistic bilingual improves the quality of metacommunication,
promoting accessibility during interaction with the system.
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Soares, de oliveira neto João. "Villes Intelligentes Inclusives : théorie et outils pour améliorer l'expérience des personnes en situation d’handicap dans l’espace urbain." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC106/document.
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Les villes ont eu recours à destechnologies dans plusieurs domaines pouraméliorer la prestation de services publics,répondre aux demandes des citoyens etmesurer la consommation de ressourcesnaturelles. Connues sous le nom de VillesIntelligentes, ces initiatives visent àaméliorer la qualité́ de vie des citoyens etont déjà̀ eu un impact positif sur la manièredont les citoyens interagissent avec lesespaces urbains, les services et les uns avecles autres. D'autre part, les espaces urbainspeuvent être considérés comme une menacepour l'indépendance et l'autonomie despersonnes en situation d'handicap. Nousavons utilisé une approche multiinstrumentspour collecter des donnéesauprès de différentes parties prenantes –personnes en situation de handicap,professionnels travaillant avec despersonnes en situation de handicap, expertsliés à l'accessibilité́ et décideurs politiques,– afin de comprendre les obstaclesrencontrés par les personnes en situation dehandicap. Nous avons d’abord élaboré unedéfinition du terme Ville IntelligenteInclusive, ainsi que nous avons proposé desoutils pour soutenir les praticiens etchercheurs engagés dans le développementde technologies d'assistance numériques :une méthodologie d'implémentation etfonctionnement, un modèle conceptuel etune architecture de système sont proposésdans cette thèse<br>Cities have used technologies in anumber of areas to improve the delivery ofpublic services, meet the demands ofcitizens, and measure the consumption ofnatural resources. Known as Smart Cities,these initiatives aim to improve the qualityof life of citizens and have already had apositive impact on how citizens interactwith urban spaces, services and with eachother. On the other hand, urban spaces canbe considered as a threat to theindependence and autonomy of people withdisabilities. We used a multi-instrumentapproach to collect data from differentstakeholders - people with disabilities,professionals working with people withdisabilities, accessibility experts and policymakers - to understand the barriers faced bypeople with disabilities. We first developeda definition of the Smart Inclusive City, aswell as proposed tools to supportpractitioners and researchers engaged in thedevelopment of digital assistivetechnologies: an implementation andoperation methodology, a conceptual model,a business model, and a system architectureare proposed in this thesis
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Dyke, Heather. "Perceptions of Access to the Internet for the Blind: Psycho-Social Impacts." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37620.
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Presented through the lens of the Theory of Relative Deprivation (Tajfel & Turner, 1986), this thesis aims to establish and quantify the link between inaccessibility in online contexts for people with low-vision or blindness, and the psychosocial impacts that may be associated with this inaccessibility. As there is existing research on this topic with elderly participants (Lagacé, Charmarkeh, Zaky, & Firzly, 2016), the focus for this research was working-aged people. The following research questions were addressed: 1) Does perceived lack of internet accessibility lead to perceptions of unfairness among low-vision or blind individuals?
2) In turn, do perceptions of unfairness negatively impact their level of self-esteem, and civic engagement? The hypothesized results were modeled as lower levels of perceived access lead to lower levels of perceived fairness, which in turn, lower the levels of civic engagement and self- esteem. Using a sample of 69 participants between the ages of 21-65, a self-report questionnaire was administered. It was found that perceived fairness was correlated on three of four scale items with self-esteem levels; the perception of fairness was not correlated with civic engagement; civic engagement and self-esteem were significantly correlated; and perceived access was correlated with levels of self-esteem.
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Ekman, Joel. "Automatic detection of issues related to colour vision deficient internet users." Thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209480.
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With increasing demand placed on online accessibility, a tool that enables developers to more easily build accessible websites for colour vision deficient (CVD) internet users becomes a crucial consideration. An extension was developed for the web browser, Google Chrome, and issues for CVD internet users were identified. The identification was based on the luminance and colour contrast between different objects next to each other on a web page, such as fonts and their background. The extension calculated how a CVD internet user would experience the colours and then checked the contrast between them. The extension's calculations and reliability was assessed through a evaluation with CVD internet users and the results suggested that it would be possible to reliably detect issues related to CVD internet users with a algorithm implemented in a Chrome extension.<br>Med ökande krav på tillgänglighet på internet så ökar behovet av ett verktyg som underlättar för utvecklare att bygga hemsidor för personer med defekt färgseende. Ett tilläggsprogram utvecklades för webbläsaren Google Chrome, och problem för personer med defekt färgseende identifierades. Identifikationen baserades på luminanskontrast och färgkontrast mellan olika närliggande objekt på en hemsida, så som fonter och deras bakgrund. Tilläggsprogrammet beräknade hur en person med defekt färgseende upplever färgerna på hemsidan och kontrollerar kontrasten mellan dem. Tilläggsprogrammets tillförlitlighet bedömdes med hjälp av en utvärdering genomförd med personer med defekt färgseende. Utvärderingen indikerade att det är möjligt att tillförlitligt identifiera problem relaterade till personer med defekt färgseende med hjälp av en algoritm implementerad i ett Chrome tilläggsprogram.
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Ferrer, Conill Raul. "Mobile Accessibility in Disaster Environments : Assessing the role of Mobile Technology in Crisis Management in Ghana." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för informatik och projektledning, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-30665.
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In the age of the risk society, when several actors at an international, national, and local level converge in order to find solutions that help mitigate the global effects of natural disasters, there is a need to study the patterns for communicating and interacting with the public that eventually feel the impact of crises. In the richer parts of the world ICTs have facilitated a framework for having instant information regarding threats that make crisis management a discipline that is centered more in preparing and planning, rather than mitigating actual crises. In developing countries, the contextual idiosyncrasies of each nation provide a fragmented array of settings that prevents a rapid flow of information in the event of natural disasters. The phenomenal growth of mobile telephony use and its rapid diffusion in developing countries offers a game changing scenario where crisis managers could benefit from new applications and functionalities of mobile devices. In a confluence of multidisciplinary nature, this study aims to explore the role of mobile technology and internet in crisis management, as well as the state of accessibility of mobile technology when addressing the general public in Ghana. This study follows a three-pronged approach with the aim of answering its research questions. First, a qualitative study of the communication processes between crisis managers and the public and the role of mobile technologies during those processes. Second, a quantitative study of the uses of mobile internet and the current mobile internet infrastructure. Finally, a study on the accessibility level of Ghana’s national crisis management organization’s website. Several conclusions can be drawn from this study. Mobile technologies have an important role in the communication process of crisis managers and the public, however the use of internet still has no part in the flows of communication due to deficits in infrastructure and socio-economic factors, leading to a disconnection between international risk policy requirements and local needs. The lack of resources is seen as the biggest challenge for crisis managers; a challenge that leads to issues of trust in the public and non-compliance. Finally, while there have been improvements in accessibility efforts, there is still a wide gap between international web accessibility best practices and the one provided by authorities in Ghana.
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Mkhonto, Mkhonto. "THE EFFECTIVE GOVERNMENT INFORMATION ACCESSIBILITY SYSTEM FOR A COMMUNITY IN THE REMOTE AREAS OF SOUTH AFRICA." Thesis, Bloemfontein: CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, FREE STATE, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/232.
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Thesis ( M. Tech. (School of Information Technology )) - Central University of Technology, Free State, 2014<br>The aim of this study has been to find out how the community in the remote areas of
South Africa access government information. The study is based on four villages, two in
the Northern Cape Province (Heuningvlei and Galeshewe) and two in Limpopo Province
(The Oaks and Finala). A quantitative design was used. Open and closed-ended
questionnaires were used to collect data from the community. Out of 200 questionnaires
distributed only 144 responses were received. Responses in the questionnaires were
tabulated, coded and processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) programme. Based on the analysis in Table 4.13, the study showed that 44 percent of the sampled community have access to information through Television which they classified as technology. Shortage of telecentres, distance to telecentres, age, lack of education, monthly income, infrastructure and transport cost were some of the important factors contributing to a lack
of access to information. Some of the findings are that most of the telecentres are located
far from towns, more than 7 kilometres from the village. Ideally, telecentres should be
located near the community, within a short walking distance. It is recommended that provision/establishment for easy access to information and communication services by the Universal Service and Access Agency of South Africa (USAASA) in the remote areas in the Northern Cape and Limpopo province is strongly considered for implementation. This will overcome the gap that exists between the urban and semi-urban communities regarding access to human rights information such as rights to life, equality, freedom of speech, assembly and access to information. It is also assumed that the implementation of telecentres and Internet Cafes, in order to facilitate the adoption of e-government information by people residing in remote areas (semi-urban areas) such as Heuningvlei, Galeshewe, The Oaks and Finala will contribute to better access to human rights. The study also recommends that the service costs charged by the
telecentre and Internet Cafes should not be expensive. This will assist the community to
afford to pay Internet services. Information is important for decision-making. For this reason, it is recommended that continued campaigns on awareness about the mportance of access to information through telecentres and Internet Cafes should be conducted.
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Drivas, Ioannis C. "Improving the Visibility and the Accessibility of Web Services. A User-Centric Approach." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66893.
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The World Wide Web provides a well standing environment in any kind of organizations for exposing online products and services. However, no one ensures that web products or services which provided by organizations or enterprises, would receive the proper visibility and accessibility by the internet users. The process of Search Engine Optimization examines usability in design, architecture and content that an internet-based system has, for improving its visibility and accessibility in the web. Successful SEO process in an internet-based system, which is set under the paternity of an organization, ensures higher recognition, visibility and accessibility for the web services that the system provides to internet users. The aim of this study characterized with a trinity of axes. In the first axe, an internet-based system and the web services that provides is examined in order to understand its initial situation regarding its visibility and accessibility in the web. In the second axe, the study follows a user-centric approach on how and in what way the examined system could be improved based on its users’ needs and desires. After the encapsulation of needs and desires that the users expressed as regards the usability of the system in design, architecture and content, the third axe takes place. In the third axe, the extracted needs and desires of users are implemented in the under-examined system, in order to understand if its visibility and accessibility has improved in the World Wide Web.For the completion of this trinity of axes, the Soft Systems Methodology approach is adopted. SSM is an action-oriented process of inquiry which deals with a problematic situation from the Finding Out about the situation through the Taking Action to improve it. Following an interpretative research approach, ten semi-structured interviews take place in order to capture all the participants’ perceptions and different worldviews regarding of what are the changes that they need and desire from the examined system. Moreover, in this study, the conduction of three Workshops, constitute a cornerstone for implementing systemically desirable and culturally feasible changes where all participants can live with, in order to improve system’s visibility and accessibility in the internet world. The results indicate that the adoption of participants’ needs and desires, improved the levels of usability, visibility and accessibility of the under examined internet-based system. Overall, this study firstly contributes to expand the knowledge as regards the process of improving the visibility and accessibility of internet-based systems and their web services in the internet world, based on a user-centric approach. Secondly, this study works as a practical toolbox for any kind of organization which intends to improve the visibility and accessibility of its current or potential web services in the World Wide Web.
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Nilsson, Lina, and Johanna Wahlström. "Tillgänglighet på internet : En kvantitativ studie av hur svenska universitet och högskolor arbetar med tillgänglighet på sina webbplatser." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-5739.
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Internet är idag en av de största informationskällorna som används av en stor del av befolkningen. För att göra webbplatser tillgängliga för personer med funktionsnedsättningar är det viktigt att man som webbutvecklare är medveten om hur internet används av dessa grupper, vilka tekniska hjälpmedel de kan använda sig av och vilka problem som finns. En webbutvecklare som besitter dessa kunskaper kan anpassa design och kod som ökar tillgängligheten. I denna studie har vi genom en enkätundersökning tagit reda på hur Sveriges universitet och högskolor arbetar för att öka tillgängligheten på sin webbplats. Vi har också utfört en kodkontroll av förstasidan på alla lärosätens webbplatser för att se om koden uppfyller kraven på tillgänglighet. Resultatet på undersökningen är analyserat utifrån riktlinjerna inom WCAG 2.0 vilket ger en tydlig bild över hur de olika lärosätena har tillgänglighetsanpassat sina webbplatser. Genom undersökningen har vi funnit att de flesta universiteten och högskolorna arbetar för att öka tillgängligheten genom att jobba efter riktlinjer och rekommendationer, men det finns även brister som kan förbättras.<br>Today internet is one of the largest sources of information which is used by a large part of the population. In order to make websites accessible for people with disabilities it’s important that the web developers are aware how the internet is used, which technical tools they can use and the problem involved with the use of websites. If the web developer possesses these skills it gives the opportunity to customize the design and code that increases the accessibility. Through our survey, we examined how the Swedish universities are working to increase the accessibility on their websites. We have also performed a control of the code at the front page of each university’s website to see if the code meets the requirements for accessibility. The results of the study are analysed against the WCAG 2.0 guidelines which gives an idea of how accessibility guidelines is followed by the institutions. Through the study we have found out that most of the universities are working to increase the accessibility by working according to the guidelines and recommendations, but there are also weaknesses that can be improved.
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Keener, Janet McDaniel. "Internet-Based Courses: Observations of Faculty Developers/Teachers and Students with Disabilities at 4-Year Public Institutions in Tennessee." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-1102104-195100/unrestricted/KeenerJ112304f.pdf.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.<br>Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-1102104-195100 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Gil, Isaac. "Contratos de comunicação e estratégias de convocação de hospitais latino-americanos em seus sites na internet." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/4305.
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Previous issue date: 2011-06-07<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This thesis discusses the proposed contracts for communication sites in twenty hospitals in Latin America on the Internet and analyzes the strategies used by the speaker to convene hospital to seek to establish links with their target audiences. To form the corpus of this research used a supervised study for seven Latin American specialists, who worked out the conceptual framework, method and strategy to analyze hospitals, submitting them - in order to develop a ranking classification - an assessment six dimensions: patient safety, respect him, knowledge management, the technical capacity of the hospital, the efficiency and prestige of the institution. A quantitative index was developed and resulted in a ranking of twenty hospitals in Latin America, published in American Economy - Brazil, Volume 319, nov. 09, p. 62-71. The theoretical framework used to analyze the sites is based in contract theory of communication Charaudeau Patrick. The usability study was based on the concepts of Jakob Nielsen, Hoa Loranger and Marie Tahir and other authors who observed sites of hospitals. Accessibility was considered the concepts of the Center for Rehabilitation Engineering and Accessibility. We used the concept of hypermedia Vicente Gosciola that describes how to structure a non-linear and interactive technology, because it enables the user to establish connections and isolate, which was an important component of analysis in this thesis. These theoretical frameworks were applied because they consider the possible forms of enunciation of these institutions to promote and introduce the enunciatee's about what the utterer proposes on its website and that can influence the preference for a specific hospital. To analyze this set of narrative schemes, which aim to engage audiences in a hospital, was drawn up, based on several authors, a method to examine the sites and giving rise to a condition called Axiology To Site Analysis of Hospitals. It was examined, also, sites of non-hospital and other hospitals outside the corpus, with the goal of adding support to the framework and the communication processes of hospitals sites. Finally, communication strategies are proposed to subsidize syncretic and improve communication interface which comprises communicative contracts between hospitals and their various target audiences in the sites of these types of institutions<br>Esta tese discute os contratos de comunicação propostos nos sites de vinte hospitais latino-americanos na internet e analisa as estratégias de convocação utilizadas pelo enunciador-hospital para buscar estabelecer vínculos com seus públicos-alvo. Para constituir o corpus desta pesquisa, foi utilizado um estudo supervisionado por sete especialistas latino-americanos, que elaboraram o marco conceitual, o método e a estratégia para analisar hospitais, submetendo-os com a finalidade de elaborar um ranking de classificação a uma avaliação de seis dimensões: a segurança do paciente, o respeito a ele, a gestão do conhecimento, a capacidade técnica do hospital, a eficiência e o prestígio da instituição. Um índice quantitativo foi elaborado e resultou em uma classificação de vinte hospitais latino-americanos, publicada na revista América Econômica Brasil, volume 319, de nov. 09, p. 62-71. O referencial teórico utilizado na análise dos sites está embasado na teoria do contrato de comunicação de Patrick Charaudeau. A usabilidade foi estudada a partir dos conceitos de Jakob Nielsen, Hoa Loranger e Marie Tahir, entre outros autores que observaram sites de hospitais. A acessibilidade foi considerada a partir dos conceitos do Centro de Engenharia de Reabilitação e Acessibilidade. Foi utilizado o conceito de hipermídia de Vicente Gosciola, que a descreve como uma estrutura tecnológica não linear e interativa, porque possibilita ao usuário estabelecer conexões e as individualizar, o que foi componente importante de análise nesta tese. Esses referenciais teóricos foram aplicados porque possibilitaram considerar as formas de enunciação dessas instituições, para incentivar e instaurar a adesão do enunciatário sobre o que propõe o enunciador em seu site e que pode influenciar a preferência por um determinado hospital. Para analisar esse conjunto de esquemas narrativos, que visam engajar os públicos-alvo de um hospital, foi elaborado, fundamentado em diversos autores, um método para examinar os sites e que originou um quadro denominado Axiologia para Análise de Sites de Hospitais. Foram também examinados sites de organizações não hospitalares e de outros hospitais fora do corpus selecionado, com o objetivo de acrescentar subsídios para o arcabouço e para os processos comunicacionais de sites de hospitais. Ao final, foram propostas estratégias comunicativas sincréticas para subsidiar e aperfeiçoar a interface comunicacional que materializa os contratos comunicativos entre os hospitais e os seus diferentes públicos-alvo, nos sites desses tipos de instituições
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Souza, Andréa Silva. "Estudo sobre o conforto visual nas interfaces com ênfase no daltonismo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18118.
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Previous issue date: 2013-04-17<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This work studies the visual comfort in interfaces as a way to improve the
accessibility and usability on the websites. Its main objective is to research the colors
and their influence on access to web space turning it better, bringing the use of
Internet for everyone without exception. Among the theoretical and methodological
aspects chosen was approached the philosophy of semiotics, color theory, and
especially the concepts of accessibility and usability<br>Este trabalho estuda o conforto visual nas interfaces, como forma de
melhoria na acessibilidade e usabilidade nos sítios. Tem como principal objetivo a
pesquisa das cores e sua influencia quanto ao acesso no espaço web melhorando e
trazendo, ao mesmo tempo, uma Internet para todos sem exceção. Dentre os
aspectos teórico-metodológicos escolhidos foi abordada a filosofia da semiótica,
teoria das cores, e principalmente os conceitos de acessibilidade e usabilidade
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Araujo, Renarte Dantas de. "A linguagem matemática para uso em sites de busca ou em ferramentas para portadores de necessidades especiais." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7668.
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Previous issue date: 2015-02-25<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>This paper deals with some peculiarities involving mathematical writing that generate many communication problems through different perspectives. In a time where the Internet is increasingly used and where it is common to see people on the streets carrying tablet computers, smartphones and even laptops, it is unacceptable that there is no simple and common knowledge way to insert a mathematic equation on a web search. Initially we address the interaction between people with special needs, especially those who make use of applications or devices for easy communication, then treat the virtual communication applied to the form of distance education, whether instantaneous or not instantaneous. Following deal about differences between Mathematics written in Portuguese and other languages as well as inconsistencies in mathematical notation observed in Brazil. Then treat the common text input forms used in Information and Communication Technologies to finish with a rough draft agreement that meets the needs exposed at work.<br>Este trabalho aborda algumas peculiaridades envolvendo a escrita matemática que geram problemas de comunicação diversos através de diferentes perspectivas. Em uma época onde a Internet é cada vez mais usada e na qual é comum ver pessoas nas ruas portando tablets, smartphones e mesmo computadores portáteis, é inaceitável que não exista uma forma simples e de conhecimento comum para se inserir uma equação matemática em um site de busca.Inicialmente abordamos a interação entre portadores de necessidades especiais, principalmente os que façam uso de aplicativos ou dispositivos para facilitar sua comunicação, em seguida tratamos da comunicação virtual aplicada à modalidade de educação à distância, quer seja instantânea ou não instantânea. Na sequência tratamos sobre divergências entre a escrita matemática na língua portuguesa e outras línguas bem como inconsistências na notação matemática observadas no Brasil. Tratamos então das formas de inserção de texto comuns usadas nas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação para finalizar com uma proposta rudimentar de convenção que atenda às necessidades expostas durante o trabalho.
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Hofmann, Åsa. "Facebook, E-post, SMS & Mobiltelefoni : en explorativ studie om hur unga vuxna upplever den ständiga tillgängligheten." Thesis, Uppsala University, Media and Communication, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-106846.
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<p>Purpose/Aim: In the information and communication technology society (ICT) we live in today it is easy to feel that we are constantly expected to be available. The daily contact with the Internet and the use of cell phones has changed our way to communicate. With this in mind in combination with the increased stress among young adults my aim is to investigate how young adults, aged 23-26 years, experience to be constantly connected and available through the Internet and the cell phone. What are their opinions, attitudes and feelings about what this entails in their lives?</p><p>Material/Method: The essay is based on four focus group interviews with sixteen students from Uppsala University aged 23-26, two groups consisting of women and two groups consisting of men. The ICT & Internet research is developing rapidly which led me to do an exploratory study that is hypothesis-generating and which I hope can be used for forthcoming research of the consequences of the ICT society. The empiric result has been analyzed from a behavioural science perspective.</p><p>Main results: The results have been interesting from several perspectives. The focus groups seem to think that the Internet and cell phone use is the best thing that has happened. They are so-called "Multitaskers" and have no problems to do several things simultaneously. The relationship between ICT and stress becomes slightly more noticeable among the girls. I dare to say that the constant availability do result in a certain stress, which I based on the clear statements about stress that came up between the lines. The focus groups are highly dependent on both their cell phone and access to Internet. They have also developed new cell phone behaviours that are customized to different situations and people.</p>
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Santana, Vagner Figuêredo de 1982. "Interfaces autoajustáveis em websites = contribuições em direção ao Design para Todos = Self tailorable website interfaces : contributions towards the Design for All." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275681.
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Orientador: Maria Cecilia Calani Baranauskas<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T17:08:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2012<br>Resumo: ...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital.<br>Abstract: ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document<br>Doutorado<br>Avaliação de interfaces de usuario<br>Doutor em Ciência da Computação
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Nogueira, Marlene Braz Pinto. "Estudo da qualidade da acessibilidade da informa??o judicial pela internet no Brasil: o indicador do Ceja." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2007. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/792.
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Previous issue date: 2007-03-06<br>Study that discourse on the context, history, object of the Science of the Information and the influence of the internet and hypertext as precondition of access and recovery of judicial information and citizenship. The research it enters in the question of the measure and evaluation of access of the judicial information with the use of methodology developed for the Centro de Estudios de Justicia de las Americas (Ceja) with verification of results of the Superior Court of Justice of Brazil (STJ) and the two main state courts of second tier of Brazil, the Court of Justice of S?o Paulo (TJSP) and the Court of Justice of Rio Grande do Sul (TJRS) with presentation of comparative degree between the same ones.<br>Estudo que discorre sobre o contexto, hist?ria, objeto da Ci?ncia da Informa??o e a influ?ncia da internet e hipertexto como precondi??o de acesso e recupera??o de informa??o judicial e cidadania. A pesquisa adentra na quest?o da medida e avalia??o de acesso da informa??o judicial com o uso de metodologia desenvolvida pelo Centro de Estudios de Justicia de las Am?ricas (Ceja) com apura??o de resultados do Superior Tribunal de Justi?a do Brasil (STJ) e dos dois principais tribunais estaduais de segunda inst?ncia do Brasil, o Tribunal de Justi?a de S?o Paulo (TJSP) e o Tribunal de Justi?a do Rio Grande do Sul (TJRS) com apresenta??o de comparativo entre os mesmos.
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Krásný, Kamil. "Validace přístupnosti webových stránek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237006.
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The subject matter of this project is accessibility of web pages and possibilities of its automated validation. This thesis defines what web accessibility really is and identifies what disabilities can users of the Internet suffer from. The main goal is to analyse and to compare current web accessibility rules valid in the USA, in the European Union and in the Czech Republic and to research existing validators as well. The tools are divided into the following categories: Online tools, toolbars and desktop applications. The output of this project is in form of specification and implementation of a new validation tool.
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Neto, João Soares de Oliveira. "Inclusive smart cities: theory and tools to improve the experience of people with disabilities in urban spaces." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-30012019-090025/.
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Cities have employed technologies in several domains to improve the delivery of public services, attend citizens\' demands, and measure the consumption of natural resources. Known as Smart Cities, these initiatives aim to increase the overall citizens\' quality of life, and they have already had a positive impact on the way citizens interact with urban spaces, services, and with each other. On the other hand, urban spaces can be considered as a threat to the independence and autonomy of people with disabilities. In fact, according to the Social Approach, disability is not in the individual, but in society and the environment, which does not provide adequate conditions for the individual to fully participate and be a citizen of social, professional, educational, recreational activities, and so on. Society and the environment need to be corrected and their deficiencies compensated to include a significant portion of the population that is excluded from a range of activities when their abilities are not addressed in urban communication processes. Although this group of citizens has gained access to education, work and leisure, it is necessary to confront the city and all its challenges in order to enjoy these rights. In order to extend the benefits of Smart Cities to people with disabilities, we first proposed the idea of an Inclusive Smart City, which employs Smart Cities technology to provide a better urban experience for people with disabilities while overcoming accessibility barriers in urban spaces. To achieve this goal, we began using a multi-instrument approach to collect data from different stakeholders - people with disabilities, professionals that work with people with disabilities, accessibility-related experts, and policymakers -, aiming at understanding the obstacles that people with disabilities face when they are moving around the city, the strategies they use to solve unexpected problems, and how they interact with other people and with urban facilities. Based on an empirical observation, literature review and results collected using this multiinstrument approach, we first defined Inclusive Smart Cities. Then, we proposed some tools to support practitioners and researchers involved in the development of digital urban assistive technologies with the Inclusive Smart City\'s vision in mind: a list of requirements, a political structure, an implementation/operation methodology, a business model, a conceptual model, and a system architecture. According to the conceptual model we introduced, people with disabilities are able to interact with inclusive smart objects that are available in urban spaces to obtain information about the environment around them, enabling them to navigate and explore cities in an innovative way. In Inclusive Smart Cities, inclusive smart objects provide people with disabilities with user-adapted information and services, focusing on the individuals\' abilities rather than their disabilities. Moreover, the system architecture is based on equipping users and the environment with smart technologies, aiming at supporting a symbiotic relationship between citizens and inclusive smart objects, a web-based user interface to enable public agents and local authorities to register and maintain the information required by the Inclusive Smart City platform, and the Cloud infrastructure, responsible for storing system data and processing user requests. Finally, we further demonstrated a Proof of Concept to assess the experience that people with disabilities would have when using an Inclusive Smart City solution. To accomplish that, we mapped a block of Paulista Avenue, in São Paulo, Brazil, as a sequence of QR codes. In a simulated circuit, when users read each code, they received location-based information and services related to the object linked to the code. The participants evaluated the UrbanAssist application positively and recognized the relevance of the functionalities and resources provided by the application, which gave them an inventive interface to explore the urban environment in a new, safer and effective way. In conclusion, this new technology has the potential not only to improve the independence and autonomy of people with disabilities in urban spaces, but also to enable them to play a proactive role in society as a whole.<br>As cidades têm empregado a tecnologia em diversos segmentos a fim de melhorar a qualidade de serviços prestados, para atender as demandas dos cidadãos, e para medir o consumo de recursos naturais. Conhecidas como Cidades Inteligentes, estas iniciativas buscam aumentar a qualidade de vida dos cidadãos, e já têm causado impactos positivos na maneira como os indivíduos interagem com o espaço urbano, com serviços, e com outros indivíduos. Por outro lado, o espaço urbano ainda é considerado como uma ameaça à autonomia e à independência de pessoas com deficiência. De fato, segundo o Modelo Social, a deficiência não está no indivíduo, mas na sociedade e no ambiente, que não fornecem condições apropriadas para que o cidadão participe inteiramente de atividades sociais, profissionais, educacionais, recreativas etc. A sociedade e o ambiente precisam ser corrigidos e suas deficiências compensadas para que ocorra a inclusão de uma parcela considerável da população que é excluída de uma série de atividades quando suas habilidades não são consideradas nos processos de comunicação urbanos. Embora esses cidadãos tenham ganhado acesso a educação, trabalho e lazer, o acesso pleno a esses direitos exige ter que lidar com o espaço urbano e todos os seus desafios. Com o objetivo de estender os benefícios das Cidades Inteligentes às pessoas com deficiência, inicialmente propomos o conceito de Cidades Inteligentes Inclusivas, que utiliza tecnologias das Cidades Inteligentes a fim de fornecer às pessoas com deficiência uma melhor experiência urbana ao mitigar as barreiras de acessibilidade nas cidades. A fim de alcançar este objetivo, utilizamos um método multi-instrumentos para coletar dados de diferentes interessados nesta temática - pessoas com deficiência, profissionais que trabalham na área, especialistas em acessibilidade, e criadores de políticas públicas - para melhor entender os obstáculos que as pessoas com deficiência enfrentam quando estão se locomovendo nos centros urbanos, as estratégias que eles usam para resolver problemas inesperados, e como eles interagem com outras pessoas e com os objetos e instalações urbanas. Baseado em observação empírica, em revisão da literatura, e nos resultados coletados pelo método multi-instrumentos, elaboramos a definição de Cidades Inteligentes Inclusivas e propomos algumas ferramentas para apoiarem autoridades governamentais, profissionais e pesquisadores envolvidos com o desenvolvimento de tecnologias assistivas urbanas digitais: uma lista de requisitos, estrutura política, metodologia de implantação e funcionamento, modelo de negócios, e uma arquitetura de sistema. De acordo com o modelo conceitual que apresentamos, as pessoas com deficiência são capazes de interagir com objetos inteligentes inclusivos no espaço urbano a fim de obter informações a respeito do ambiente ao redor, o que possibilita navegar e explorar nas cidades de uma maneira inovadora. Nas Cidades Inteligentes Inclusivas, os objetos inteligentes inclusivos fornecem às pessoas com deficiência informações e serviços adaptados às habilidades de cada usuário. A arquitetura do sistema é baseada em equipar os usuários e o ambiente com tecnologias inteligentes; uma interface web que permite a agentes públicos e autoridades municipais a cadastrar e manter as informações necessárias ao funcionamento da Cidade Inteligente Inclusiva; e pela infraestrutura da Cloud, que é responsável por armazenar os dados do sistema e por processar as requisições dos usuários. Finalmente, demonstramos com uma Prova de Conceito a avaliação da experiência de usuário que indivíduos com deficiência têm ao usar soluções concebidas com a visão de uma Cidade Inteligente Inclusiva. Para tanto, mapeamos como QR codes os objetos e prédios de um quarteirão da Avenida Paulista, em São Paulo. Num circuito simulado, ao ler cada código os usuários recebem com informações baseadas na localização do objeto lido e os serviços associados ao objeto. Os participantes avaliaram positivamente a aplicação Urban Assist e reconheceram a relevância das funcionalidades e recursos disponibilizados pela aplicação, que lhes proporcionaram uma interface inovadora para explorar o ambiente urbano de uma maneira mais segura e eficaz. Concluindo, essa nova tecnologia tem o potencial não somente de melhorar a independência e autonomia de pessoas com deficiência no espaço urbanos, mas, também de prover estes usuários com a possibilidade de desempenharem o papel de cidadãos proativos.
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Ganebo, Eriksson Elin, and Emilia Sjöstrand. "Den tillgängliga informationen på internet – ett hinder bort : En översikt av svenska kommuners digitala tillgänglighet avseende deras webbsidor om våld i nära relationer." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för hälsa och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-36440.
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Avsaknaden av digital tillgänglighet i en alltmer digitaliserad värld bidrar till en exkludering av personer med olika funktionsnedsättningar, trots att dessa människor skulle kunna dra stor nytta av internet. Sveriges kommuner är skyldiga att erbjuda digitalt tillgängliga hemsidor enligt Lagen (2018:1937) om tillgänglighet till digital offentlig service. Syftet med denna studie var att kartlägga kommunernas digitala tillgänglighet rörande deras webbsidor om våld i nära relationer. Studien var av deskriptiv karaktär med en kvantitativ strategi. Begreppet digital tillgänglighet operationaliserades till 23 indikatorer som fick utgöra det granskningsprotokoll som webbsidorna sedan granskades efter. Resultatet visade att ingen av Sveriges kommuner uppmätte full digital tillgänglighet. Vidare visade resultatet att kommunerna i regel var bättre på digital tillgänglighet för motorik och synnedsättningar, än för hörselnedsättning. Utöver det var kommunerna bättre på att uppfylla lagkrav än andra aspekter av digital tillgänglighet. Den digitala tillgängligheten tycktes inte ha något samband med kommunens befolkningsmängd.<br>The lack of web accessibility risks excluding people with different disabilities. Sweden's municipalities are legally obliged to offer digitally accessible websites. The purpose of this study was to examine the municipalities' web accessibility regarding their websites about intimate partner violence. The study was descriptive in nature with a quantitative strategy. The concept of web accessibility was operationalized into 23 indicators which constituted the protocol according to which the web pages were then reviewed. The results showed that none of Sweden's municipalities measured full web accessibility. Furthermore, the results showed that the municipalities were generally better at fulfilling web accessibility for some impairments, such as vision, than others. The municipalities were also better at meeting legal requirements than other aspects of web accessibility. The web accessibility did not seem to have anything to do with the municipality's population.
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Bacík, Jan. "Audit webových stránek a jejich vliv na konkurenceschopnost organizací." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15619.
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The main purpose of this diploma thesis is to analyse the extent to which is the use of internet websites exploited by logistic companies. After executing an audit, the determined results are evaluated and some correct solutions are proposed. The diploma thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical section. The theoretical section is concerned with essential aspects of high-quality websites. These aspects are usability, accessibility, search engine optimization, technical design and graphical design. These were the foundations for creating an audit framework, which was then used for analysing individual websites. The practical section consists of a detailed audit of a logistic company. It also contains user testing which is based on observing randomly selected respondents. After the detailed audit, the summary of individual audits follows. The output of this thesis is an overview of the website presentation quality of the logistic companies with varying size. The main contribution of this diploma thesis is a complex survey and status comparison of the logistic companies' websites.
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Rytíř, Jan. "Analýza internetového marketingu Citibank." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72719.
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The diploma thesis deals with Citibank internet marketing analysis. The main goals of the diploma thesis are to identify strenghts and weaknesses of Citibank internet presence and to recommend development changes. These will be achieved mainly by performing analysis of web sites accessibility and usability, PPC advertising, search engine optimalization and social media marketing. Secondary goal is to evaluate internet marketing usage across the czech banking market which will be based on results of performed analysis.
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Kaznauskaitė, Jolanta. "Internetinės bankininkystės paslaugų prieiga Lietuvos komerciniuose bankuose asmenims su regėjimo negalia." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101125_190820-77652.
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Šiandien visos pasaulio valstybės akcentuoja neįgaliųjų integraciją, skaitmeninės atskirties mažinimą, yra kuriami socialinės integracijos įstatymai, rekomendacijos, kuriose kaip vienas iš svarbiausių punktų minimas prieinamumas. Šis prieinamumas apima ir informacijos prieigą – teisę į informaciją. Todėl, atsižvelgiant į tai, jog: 1) rega yra svarbiausias žmogaus pojūtis, o jos netekimas apsunkina informacijos prieigą bei galimybę naudotis tomis paslaugomis, kuriomis naudojasi negalios neturintys žmonės, 2) internetinė bankininkystė suteikė galimybę asmeninius finansus tvarkyti neišeinant iš namų, o tai dėl komplikuoto neregių mobilumo yra ypač jiems aktualu, 3) siekiant sumažinti skaitmeninę neregių atskirtį, yra sukurta daugybė rekomendacijų, metodikų ir pagalbinių priemonių, palengvinančių internete esančios informacijos prieigą yra aktualu išsiaiškinti, kaip Lietuvos komercinių bankų teikiamos internetinės bankininkystės paslaugos yra prieinamos regos negalią turintiems asmenims. Magistro darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti prieigos prie internetinės bankininkystės paslaugų užtikrinimą Lietuvos komerciniuose bankuose asmenims su regėjimo negalia. Šiam tikslui keliami uždaviniai yra: išnagrinėti internetinės bankininkystės paslaugas; išanalizuoti asmenų su regėjimo negalia skaitmeninės atskirties mažinimo galimybes; ištirti Lietuvoje veikiančių komercinių bankų internetinės bankininkystės paslaugų prieinamumą neregiams; išsiaiškinti, ar bankai imasi specialių priemonių tam, kad... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Nowadays, all of the world emphasizes the integration of disabled people, bridging the digital divide, is creating laws of social integration and recommendations in which accessibility is one of the key points. This includes the accessibility of information - the right to information. Therefore, given the fact that: 1) the vision is the most important human sense and its’ loss impedes the access to information and to those services which are used by people without disabilities; 2) internet banking is an opportunity to manage personal finances from home, which is especially important for blind people with complicated mobility; 3) on purpose to reduce the digital divide of blind people a lot of recommendations, methodologies and tools are created in order to facilitate access to online information; it is relevant to find out how Lithuanian commercial banks providing Internet banking services are accessible to visually impaired persons. The aim of this master work is to analyze the access to the online banking services in Lithuanian commercial banks for the people with visual disabilities. The goals of the work: to explore an online banking service; to analyze the digital divide bridging opportunities of persons with visual disabilities; to explore online banking services accessibility to the blind people in the commercial banks which operate in Lithuania; to find out whether the banks undertake special measures that their online banking services are available to people with... [to full text]
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Morosini, Luca. "SahARIAn: Uno strumento visuale per la progettazione di pagine web accessibili." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17611/.
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L’accessibilità è un tema importante che fa parte anche di Internet e delle pagine web e consente a tutte le persone, indipendente dalle capacità fisiche e mentali, di accedere ai medesimi contenuti e servizi. Il problema sta nelle difficoltà che incontrano gli sviluppatori di siti web durante la scrittura degli stessi, spesso con risultati non sufficienti e che non soddisfano l’utenza con disabilità, nonostante le diverse linee guida rilasciate nel corso degli anni e il progresso tecnologico nella creazione di strumenti sempre più sofisticati, fatti per agevolare lo sviluppo degli sviluppatori.
In questa tesi viene proposto uno strumento che opera in maniera diversa da quelli attuali, con lo scopo di dare un contributo ed un miglioramento a questo settore.
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di, Benedetto Simone. "Html 5 - evoluzione del linguaggio." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6188/.
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Leung, Raymond Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Scalable video compression with optimized visual performance and random accessibility." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24192.
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This thesis is concerned with maximizing the coding efficiency, random accessibility and visual performance of scalable compressed video. The unifying theme behind this work is the use of finely embedded localized coding structures, which govern the extent to which these goals may be jointly achieved. The first part focuses on scalable volumetric image compression. We investigate 3D transform and coding techniques which exploit inter-slice statistical redundancies without compromising slice accessibility. Our study shows that the motion-compensated temporal discrete wavelet transform (MC-TDWT) practically achieves an upper bound to the compression efficiency of slice transforms. From a video coding perspective, we find that most of the coding gain is attributed to offsetting the learning penalty in adaptive arithmetic coding through 3D code-block extension, rather than inter-frame context modelling. The second aspect of this thesis examines random accessibility. Accessibility refers to the ease with which a region of interest is accessed (subband samples needed for reconstruction are retrieved) from a compressed video bitstream, subject to spatiotemporal code-block constraints. We investigate the fundamental implications of motion compensation for random access efficiency and the compression performance of scalable interactive video. We demonstrate that inclusion of motion compensation operators within the lifting steps of a temporal subband transform incurs a random access penalty which depends on the characteristics of the motion field. The final aspect of this thesis aims to minimize the perceptual impact of visible distortion in scalable reconstructed video. We present a visual optimization strategy based on distortion scaling which raises the distortion-length slope of perceptually significant samples. This alters the codestream embedding order during post-compression rate-distortion optimization, thus allowing visually sensitive sites to be encoded with higher fidelity at a given bit-rate. For visual sensitivity analysis, we propose a contrast perception model that incorporates an adaptive masking slope. This versatile feature provides a context which models perceptual significance. It enables scene structures that otherwise suffer significant degradation to be preserved at lower bit-rates. The novelty in our approach derives from a set of "perceptual mappings" which account for quantization noise shaping effects induced by motion-compensated temporal synthesis. The proposed technique reduces wavelet compression artefacts and improves the perceptual quality of video.
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Pezzi, Francesco. "Valutazione dei costi dell'accessibilità del Web." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1948/.
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Masciulli, Claudio. "Gamification e rilevazione di barriere architettoniche: un caso di studio con applicazioni mobili." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10886/.
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Questo volume di tesi descrive lo sviluppo di un'applicazione cross-platform per la raccolta dati sull'accessibilità urbana. E' stato creato un Pervasive GWAP strutturato in modo tale da raccogliere, tramite un gioco in mixed-reality, dati sulla geolocalizzazione delle barriere/facility architettoniche in ambiente urbano, in modo da mappare il territorio. Il gioco è rivolto a bambini accompagnati da insegnanti/genitori e prevede l'utilizzo di dispositivi mobili quali tablet e smartphone con sistema operativo Andoid. E' stata utilizzata la funzione GPS dei dispositivi per la geolocalizzazione dei giocatori e delle barriere/facility segnalate e la CAMERA per lo scan dei Qr-Code utilizzati come incentivo per intrattenere gli utenti. L'applicazione è scritta utilizzando tecnologie web quali HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, JSON e grazie all'utilizzo del framework Apache Cordova è stato possibile lo sviluppo multipiattaforma. Questo strumento permette di utilizzare tecnologie web per lo sviluppo di applicazioni mobile, generando codice nativo supportato da sistemi operativi quali Android, iOS, BlackBerry.
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Arslan, Secil. "Mobility And Power Aware Data Interest Based Data Replication For Mobile Ad Hoc Networks." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608788/index.pdf.
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One of the challenging issues for mobile ad hoc network (MANET) applications is data replication. Unreliable wireless communication, mobility of network participators and limited resource capacities of mobile devices make conventional replication techniques useless for MANETs. Frequent network divisions and unexpected disconnections should be handled. In this thesis work, a novel mobility and power aware, data interest based data replication strategy is presented. Main objective is to improve data accessibility among a mission critical mobility group. A clustering approach depending on mobility and data interest patterns similarities is introduced. The investigated replica allocation methodology takes care of data access frequency and data correlation values together with mobile nodes&rsquo<br>remaining energy and memory capacities. Performance of the proposed approach is analyzed in terms of data accessibility<br>cache hit ratio and traffic metrics. Improvements are observed by data interest based clustering in addition to mobility awareness over sole mobility aware clustering. Advantages of power aware replica allocation are demonstrated by experimental simulations.
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Xia, Jun Hao. "Serious game per il crowdsourcing di dati sull'accessibilità urbana." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8262/.
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L'obiettivo di questo documento di tesi è descrivere il design e lo sviluppo di uno strumento per la raccolta delle
segnalazioni di barriere architettoniche che possa coinvolgere il maggior numero possibile
di utenti attraverso un serious game, implementando meccaniche di gioco che incitino il suo utilizzo, e che
al tempo stesso sia divertente, anche grazie a contenuti tematici quali gli zombie, il tutto
attraverso una interfaccia semplice e funzionale. Le segnalazioni sono disponibili
pubblicamente attraverso Fusion Tables dove esse sono memorizzate, permettendo
inoltre di avere una visione globale delle criticità grazie alla visualizzazione su
Google Maps.
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Ritter, Renée Cristina Herlin. "O dever de transparência da administração pública e a divulgação de informações pessoais dos agentes públicos: um conflito entre o interesse público e os direitos fundamentais à intimidade e à vida privada." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2015. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5020.
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Previous issue date: 2015-11-24<br>Nenhuma<br>As transformações ocorridas na seara dos Estados Democráticos de Direito, ainda que positivas, também contribuíram para a crise do poder público que, ao não corresponder às novas expectativas, acarretou a fragilização da credibilidade do cidadão e o desmotivou a integrar o sistema cuja representação perdeu o status de instrumento capaz de enfrentar tantos desafios. Diante disso, a maior provocação proposta às democracias atuais consiste em permitir, por meio de uma rede de comunicação entre a Administração Pública e os cidadãos, o fortalecimento da participação popular ao ponto de obter-se a eficiência da atividade pública, assim como um modo de governar que está em sintonia com o povo, maior e real interessado. Nesse contexto, a transparência administrativa emerge como meio apto para fortalecer tal relação, especialmente ao fazer uso dos instrumentos tecnológicos disponíveis, estabelecendo assim a publicidade como regra e o sigilo como exceção. É por meio do método teórico-analítico, portanto, que se pretende interpretar este quadro social a partir das teorias vigentes, a fim de verificar se a divulgação de informações nos sítios da internet efetivamente contribuirá para o cumprimento do dever de transparência e do direito dos cidadãos em obter informações acerca da Administração Pública e se resultará – em contrapartida – em limitações aos direitos fundamentais à intimidade e à privacidade dos agentes públicos, que têm dados pessoais disponibilizados em cumprimento a referidos deveres constitucionais. O que, abrigando-se na justificativa proferida no âmbito do Supremo Tribunal Federal para tanto, convida à discussão acerca da validade de se restringir direitos fundamentais em detrimento do que se chama de interesse público.<br>The changes occurred in the field of Democratic States of Law, while positive, also contributed to the government's crisis by failing to meet the new expectations, leading to the weakening of the credibility of the citizens and demotivating them to integrate the system whose representation lost status of a capable instrument that faces so many challenges. Therefore, the most provocative proposal to current democracies is to allow, via a communication network between the Public Administration and the administered, the strengthening of popular participation as to obtain the efficiency of public activity, as a way to rule that fits in with the people, the ones who are the most interested. In this context, administrative transparency emerges as a suitable means to strengthen such relationship, especially by making use of the available technological tools, thus establishing public accessibility as a rule and secrecy as the exception. It is through the theoretical and analytical method, therefore, that we aim to verify whether the disclosure of information in websites effectively contribute to the fulfillment of the obligation of transparency, as well as the citizens' rights to obtain information on the Public Administration, resulting - in return - in limitations to fundamental rights to the privacy of public officials, who have personal data provided because of constitutional duties. What - sheltering on the justification rendered in the Supreme Court to do so - leads to discussion about the validity of restricting fundamental rights at the expense of what is called public interest.
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Amadou, Kountché Djibrilla. "Localisation dans les bâtiments des personnes handicapées et classification automatique de données par fourmis artificielles." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4021/document.
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Le concept du « smart » envahit de plus en plus notre vie quotidienne. L’exemple type est sans doute le smartphone. Celui-ci est devenu au fil des ans un appareil incontournable. Bientôt, c’est la ville, la voiture, la maison qui seront « intelligentes ». L’intelligence se manifeste par une capacité d’interaction et de prise de décision entre l’environnement et l’utilisateur. Ceci nécessite des informations sur les changements d’états survenus des deux côtés. Les réseaux de capteurs permettent de collecter ces données, de leur appliquer des pré-traitements et de les transmettre aux applications. Ces réseaux de par certaines de leurs caractéristiques se rapprochent de l’intelligence collective, dans le sens, où des entités de faibles capacités se coordonnent automatiquement, sans intervention humaine, de façon décentralisée et distribuée pour accomplir des tâches complexes. Ces méthodes bio-inspirées ont servi à la résolution de plusieurs problèmes, surtout l’optimisation, ce qui nous a encouragé à étudier la possibilité de les utiliser pour les problèmes liés à l’Ambient Assisted Living ou AAL et à la classification automatique de données. L’AAL est un sous-domaine des services dits basés sur le contexte, et a pour objectifs de faciliter la vie des personnes âgées et handicapées dans leurs défis quotidiens. Pour ce faire, il détermine le contexte et, sur cette base, propose divers services. Deux éléments du contexte nous ont intéressé : le handicap et la position. Bien que la détermination de la position (localisation, positionnement) se fasse à l’extérieur des bâtiments avec des précisions très satisfaisantes, elle rencontre plusieurs difficultés à l’intérieur des bâtiments, liées à la propagation des ondes électromagnétiques dans les milieux difficiles, aux coûts des systèmes, à l’interopérabilité, etc. Nos travaux se sont intéressés au positionnement des personnes handicapées à l’intérieur de bâtiments en utilisant un réseau de capteurs afin de déterminer les caractéristiques de l’onde électromagnétique (puissance, temps, angle) pour estimer la position par méthodes géométriques (triangulation, latération), méthodes de fingerprinting (k plus proches voisins), par des filtres baysiens (filtre de Kalman). L’application est d’offrir des services types AAL tel que la navigation. Nous avons élargi la notion de réseau de capteurs pour prendre en compte tout appareil capable d’émettre et de recevoir une onde électromagnétique et se trouvant dans l’environnement. Nous avons aussi appliqué l’algorithme API sur la classification automatique de données. Enfin, nous avons proposé une architecture à middleware pour la localisation indoor<br>The concept of « smart » invades more and more our daily life. A typical example is the smartphone, which becames by years an essential device. Soon, it’s the city, the car and the home which will become « smart ». The intelligence is manifested by the ability for the environment to interact and to take decisons in its relationships with users and other environments. This needs information on state changes occurred on both sides. Sensor networks allow to collect these data, to apply on them some pre-processings and to transmit them. Sensor network, towards some of their caracteristics are closed to Swarm Intelligence in the sense that small entities with reduced capababilities can cooperate automatically, in unattended, decentralised and distributed manner in order to accomplish complex tasks. These bio-inspired methods have served as basis for the resolution of many problems, mostly optimization and this insipired us to apply them on problems met in Ambient Assisted Living and on the data clustering problem. AAL is a sub-field of context-aware services, and its goals are to facilitate the everyday life of elderly and disable people. These systems determine the context and then propose different kind of services. We have used two important elements of the context : the position and the disabilty. Although positioning has very good precision outdoor, it faces many challenges in indoor environments due to the electromagnetic wave propagation in harsh conditions, the cost of systems, interoperabilty, etc. Our works have been involved in positioning disabled people in indoor environment by using wireless sensor network for determining the caracteristics of the electromagnetic wave (signal strenght, time, angle) for estimating the position by geometric methods (triangulation, lateration), fingerprinting methods (k-nearest neighbours), baysiens filters (Kalman filter). The application is to offer AAL services like navigation. Therefore we extend the definition of sensor node to take into account any device, in the environment, capable of emiting and receiving a signal. Also, we have studied the possibility of using Pachycondylla Apicalis for data clustering and for indoor localization by casting this last problem as data clustering problem. Finally we have proposed a system based on a middleware architecture
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Baxter, Joseph Turney. "Faculty perceptions of accessibility and quality of college graduate programs offered via Internet." 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39528377.html.
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chia-ming, lin, and 林佳民. "A study of product involvement and the degree of accessibility to product on internet and consumer purchase behavior on internet." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08782849897431298715.
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碩士<br>國立東華大學<br>企業管理研究所<br>86<br>Due to the rapid development of internet, it has been applied inmany business activities. Especially, the application of WWW(World Wide Web) on internetshopping is the most significantadvancement. Most marketers have viewed WWW as a new marketing channel. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of product involvement and degree of accessibility to product on on internet and consumer purchase behavior on internet.
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Lin, Jhih-Hua, and 林芝嬅. "The Design for Improvement of Accessibility in the Internet Browse for the Blind and Visually Impaired." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86411569785331923084.
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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>工業工程與工程管理學系<br>100<br>In recent years, the Internet has become an important part for people’s living activities. Due to the characteristic that is not restricted by time and place, the Internet also becomes a new information channel for blind and visually impaired.
Blind and visually impaired use screen readers so that the information on the screen can be transformed into the auditory or tactile messages. However, lots of information could not be transformed, and as the complex structure of web pages and the image without alternative text. Therefore, blind and visually impaired might lose themselves in the Internet and decrease their willingness to use the web. Though there are many accessibility guidelines for improving the design of web pages, a lot of web pages still do not comply with and are hardly read by the blind and visually impaired.
After using GOMS to analyze the screen readers that were widely used in Taiwan, it is found in this study that NVDA is better in the Internet surfing than G-mouse is. The latter is the most commonly-used screen reader for students in primary and secondary schools in Taiwan. Then a usability test is used to investigate if Internet searching using NVDA could improve the knowledge for the blind and visually impaired. In addition, Technology Acceptance model was used to find out the factors that could impact the blind and visually impaired using the Internet.
The result of the usability test did not reveal significant effect of using NVDA and the Internet search for the blind and visually impaired. The reason might be that the experiment time was limited in this study. Technology Acceptance model showed that the availability was one of the important factors that could influence the blind and visually impaired on using the Internet.
Therefore, the follow up study aimed to assist the blind and visually impaired to set up appropriate mental map of web site and provide the location information in a large web site. According to the mental model of the blind and visually impaired, two methods were designed: Hierarchy-size-method and Record-series-method. Then, the second usability test was conducted to evaluate the effect of the designed methods. The result showed that the blind and visually impaired could perform better as they used either method in terms of measurements of effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction. Less effort was needed by the users to establish the mental map of web site comparing to no method.
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池俊吉. "The impact of the accessibility of internet and the retrieved cyberpoewer on the parent-adolescent power relationship." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95936793795087290590.
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Chu, Yuyu, and 朱育佑. "Internet accessibility: A case study on how visually impaired pupils in Taiwan use Chinese Yahoo search engine." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86049837415005940775.
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Raposo, Carlos Manuel. "Estado e sociedade na era da internet em Portugal - acessibilidade dos sítios na web do Governo e das instituições públicas em 2015." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/20710.
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Este trabalho pretende contribuir para a perceção e consciencialização dos vários
agentes implicados nas problemáticas relativas à acessibilidade da web e à inclusão
digital - desenvolvedores, políticos, investigadores e público em geral - oferecendo um
guia teórico e prático para todos. Nesse sentido, o trabalho divide-se em duas partes.
Na primeira, de caráter predominantemente teórico e concetual, identificam-se os
temas relativos à acessibilidade da web no contexto internacional e nacional. São aqui
abordados os conceitos que importam definir ou clarificar, a história da legislação até
aos nossos dias e, por fim, os estudos similares sobre a acessibilidade web dos
serviços públicos portugueses. Na segunda parte, de caráter predominantemente
prático, apresenta-se uma análise a 96 páginas na web de serviço público realizadas
através do validador automático AccessMonitor, indicam-se as piores e as melhores
práticas, assim como um conjunto de soluções técnicas para os erros mais frequentes.
Os resultados mostram que a larga maioria dos sítios do Estado não passa nos
mínimos exigidos pela lei e pela agenda digital proposta pelo governo, e que existem
ainda muitas barreiras ao acesso de largas faixas da população aos serviços públicos na
web.<br>This work aims to contribute to the perception and awareness of the different actors
involved in issues relating to web accessibility and digital inclusion – developers,
politicians, researchers and the general public – by offering a theoretical and practical
guide to all. Thus, the work is divided in two parts. The first predominantly on
theoretical and conceptual aspects, identifies the issues related to web accessibility in
the national and international context. Here are covered the concepts that matter to
define or clarify, the history of law to the present day and, finally, some similar studies
on web accessibility of the portuguese public services. The second part, mainly of
pratical nature, presents an analysis of 96 web pages of public service performed by
the automatic validator AccessMonitor, identifies the worst and best practices, as well
as a set of technical solutions to the most frequent errors. The results show that the
vast majority of government websites does not pass the minimum required by law and
by the digital agenda proposed by the government, and there are still many barriers to
the access of large groups of the population to public services on the web.
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Henriques, Victor Manuel da Silva. "As escolas portuguesas na Internet: Uma avaliação dos sítios web das escolas públicas." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/963.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Informática, especialização em Sistemas de Infomação.<br>A Internet, e em particular a World Wide Web (WWW), tornou-se um
meio de referência para a publicação de informação sobre qualquer tema e
instituição. Esta investigação pretende avaliar o estado atual dos sítios Web das
escolas públicas a nível de conteúdos, apresentação e acessibilidade.
A partir do levantamento de modelos de avaliação de sítios Web em geral
e de sítios Web de escolas em particular, foi construído um modelo de avaliação
com 174 critérios. A nível de conteúdos e apresentação de informação, o modelo
foi aplicado nas escolas da Direção Regional de Educação do Norte (305
escolas). No caso particular da acessibilidade, foi utilizado uma ferramenta
desenvolvida pela Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) para a avaliação
da acessibilidade nos sítios Web de 954 escolas públicas.
A nível de conteúdos, os que mais se destacam por estarem presentes
num maior número de sítios Web são: os contactos (96,72%); o calendário
escolar (96,72%); e os manuais adotados (94,43%). Relativamente aos
conteúdos menos frequentes temos a data da última atualização (5,90%), o
contacto do administrador (7,54%) e a política de privacidade (2,30%). A nível
de apresentação, destacam-se o botão Home (93,44%) e o tempo de
carregamento rápido (78,36%). Nos resultados mais modestos, podemos
destacar a falta de uniformização nas cores das hiperligações (18,89%) e para a
existência de erros (10,49%). A nível de acessibilidade, registam-se menos de
1% de casos em que o símbolo da acessibilidade é apresentado. Através da
ferramenta da FCT, podemos constatar que a maioria dos sítios Web escolares
apresenta uma prática satisfatória (53,67%). Existem poucas escolas com a
classificação de muito boa e excelente prática (0,63%) e um número
considerável de escolas com a classificação de má prática (22,22%).<br>The Internet, and particularly the World Wide Web (WWW) has become a
reference medium for the publication of information on any topic and institution.
This research aims to assess the current state of the Web sites of public schools
in terms of content, presentation and accessibility.
From the survey of models for evaluating Web sites in general and
websites of schools in particular, was built a model with 174 criteria. The model
(content and presentation of information) was applied in schools in the Regional
Direction of Education North (305 schools) of Portugal. In the particular case of
accessibility, a tool developed by the foundation for science and technology
(FCT) for the evaluation on websites of 954 public schools was used.
In terms of content, the most distinctive being present in a greater
number of Web sites are: contacts (96.72%); the School Calendar (96.72%);
and the adopted textbooks (94.43%). The contents of which are found less
frequently are: date of last update (5.90%), contact administrator (7.54%) and
privacy policy (2.30%). The presentation level, we highlight the Home button
(93.44%) and fast load time (78.36%). In more modest results, we can highlight
the lack of uniformity in the colors of the links (18.89%) and the existence of
errors (10.49%). The level of accessibility, there is less than 1% of cases
wherein the accessibility is displayed. Through the tool of the FCT, we note that
most websites presents a satisfactory practical (53.67%). There are few schools
with a rating of very good and excellent practice (0.63%) and a considerable
number of schools with a rating of poor practice (22.22%).<br>Orientação: Prof.ª Doutora Paula Morais.
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Spiegel, Harriette L. "When the Disability Is Not the Problem - Experiencing the Barriers to Web Accessibility: The Experiences of Computer Users with Visual Disabilities Using the Internet." 2008. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/346.
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The purpose of this study is to describe the experiences and perceptions of three computer users with visual disabilities as they accessed and reviewed Web pages on the Internet. Attention is focused on the use of the Internet by individuals with visual disabilities: blindness, low vision, and deaf/blindness.
Data were gathered through interviews and observation, during eight sessions with each participant. Data were qualitatively analyzed using an inductive process (Hatch, 2002). Data analysis revealed six categories of meaning: interactions with computer; personal characteristics, strategies to find solutions to barriers encountered; personal feeling and opinions; design features, and communication.
Sites viewed included commercial, educational, non-profit, and governmental sites. Interviews consisted of structured and unstructured questions.
The knowledge gained in this study will add to the literature of Web Accessibility and will contribute to raising awareness of the barriers that computer users with visual disabilities encounter when using the Internet.
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Spiegel, Harriette L. "When the disability is not the problem experiencing the barriers to web accessibility : the experience of computer users with visual disabilities using the Internet /." 2008. http://etd.utk.edu/2008/SpiegelHarriette.pdf.
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Lourenço, Ana Catarina Alves Garcia da Silva. "A Defesa Nacional na internet: Análise de Acessibilidade e Usabilidade dos sítios na web das Forças Armadas Portuguesas." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/96183.
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O passar do tempo e o avanço das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação,
tornaram a Web numa ferramenta essencial de trabalho e de lazer, tornando-a igualmente
mais complexa. Para acompanhar este avanço tecnológico, as organizações começaram a
criar e a implementar os seus sítios Web, de forma a permitir a transmissão de
conhecimento acerca das mesmas, a qualquer hora e em qualquer lugar.
Foi o que sucedeu nas Forças Armadas, com os três ramos, Marinha, Exército e
Força Aérea, a criarem os seus sítios web. Neste âmbito, a concorrência de mercado na
área de defesa nacional, é somente entre os três, fazendo com que os cidadãos sejam
obrigados a usar aquele canal específico para conseguir interagir com os ramos.
Devido a este fator, os três ramos devem assegurar que os seus sítios Web são
acessíveis a qualquer utilizador, principalmente aos utilizadores com necessidades
especiais, para que a sua interação seja de qualidade. Assim, esta dissertação investiga o
estado atual dos sítios Web das Forças Armadas e tenta contribuir para o melhoramento
dos mesmos, tanto ao nível da acessibilidade como da usabilidade.
Para tal, na primeira fase da investigação foi realizado um estudo
predominantemente teórico, no qual são abordados os diplomas e normativos importantes
para investigação, tais como a legislação existente em Portugal sobre a Acessibilidade
Web dos sítios Web da Administração Pública e, similarmente, a legislação relevante da
União Europeia, bem como as normas existentes relativas a Usabilidade Web.
Na segunda fase foi feito o levantamento da Acessibilidade Web, recorrendo à
ferramenta AccessMonitor e, seguidamente, foi concebida uma verificação manual dos
resultados obtidos na mesma. Imediatamente a seguir, foi feito o levantamento das
heurísticas de usabilidade com problemas e, posteriormente, foram realizados os Testes
de Usabilidade com o protocolo “Think Aloud” e aplicado um questionário aos
participantes, tanto na versão desktop como na versão mobile, de forma a assegurar uma
avaliação mais precisa da interação dos utilizadores em diferentes dispositivos.
A partir dos resultados obtidos nas avaliações, foram identificados os erros mais
graves e recorrentes e as faltas de conformidade nos três sítios Web, pelo que é
apresentado um conjunto de recomendações de melhoria, bem como alguns exemplos de
aplicação das mesmas.
Após a análise, identificámos que os sítios Web das Forças Armadas não cumprem
com os mínimos exigidos pela lei relativamente à Acessibilidade Web e que existem
vários problemas graves de Usabilidade, influenciando, portanto, pela negativa toda a
interação digital dos utilizadores com estas organizações.<br>The progresses regarding Information and Communications Technologies have
turned the web into an essential tool for work and leisure, making it also more complex.
To follow this technological development, different organizations started to create and
implement their web sites, to enable the transfer of knowledge about them, anytime and
anywhere. This is what happened in the three branches of the Portuguese Armed Forces:
Navy, Army, and Air Force when they created their web sites. As far as these
organizations are concerned, the market competition is strictly among them, forcing
citizens to use that specific channel to be able to interact with the branches. Due to this
fact, the three branches must make sure that their web sites are available for all users,
especially those with special needs so that this interaction can be of good quality.
Therefore, this dissertation addresses the current state of the Armed Forces’ websites and
aiming to contribute to their development.
In order to do that, during the first stage of this research, a mainly theoretical study
was conducted, in which legislative and normative matters were addressed, such as the
existent legislation about the accessibility of Central Public Administration and
Government Sites in Portugal and any relevant legislation in the European Union, as well
as existing rules regarding web accessibility.
During the second stage, the web accessibility was studied using the automatic
tool AccessMonitor, and later, the results were manually checked. Immediately after that,
defective heuristics were analyzed and usability tests with end users were conducted
following the “ThinkAloud” protocol. A questionnaire was also applied, both in the
desktop and mobile versions, to assure a better evaluation of user interaction in different
devices.
From the results obtained in these evaluations, the most serious and recurrent
errors and non-conformities in the three websites were identified. A set of improvement
recommendations is presented, as well as some possible examples of their
implementations.
After this analysis, we can say that the Armed Forces websites do not comply with
the minimum standards required by law regarding web accessibility. There are also
serious usability problems that negatively influence the interaction between the users and
these organizations.
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Pereira, Inês Filipa Carvalho. "Acessibilidades em museus nacionais: Acessibilidade web nos sítios da internet do MNAC-MC e do MNAA." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21598.
Full textAbstract:
A deficiência é universal, carece de atenção de todos, para que não se negligencie quem todos
os dias enfrenta barreiras, viva limitado ou condicionado pela sua natureza.
Na cultura, todos, são parte do público. Ou deveriam ser, com poder de decisão baseada na
liberdade individual. Muitas vezes condicionada pela escolha limitada de ofertas acessíveis. A
injustiça da seleção mediada por alguém, que não o direito individual.
Acessibilidade é o meio justo, que privilegia a equidade, mas privilegia também carência
de uma reflexão prudente. Deverão ser tratadas com consideração e sentido de justiça. São
imensuráveis os aspetos a serem levados em conta, na avaliação prática deste tema.
Desde o meio físico ao intelectual. Cabe a cada um, catalisar e influenciar, na tentativa de
cumprir um dever de todos, democratizar o acesso.
Neste sentido, com esta dissertação, abre-se a porta para o caminho da inclusão na
utilização dos websites de forma igualitária.
Conceitos como, acessibilidades, museus e comunicação, serão desenvolvidos ao longo
deste trabalho, com o propósito de perceber, por um lado se os websites do MNAC-MC e do
MNAA são acessíveis a qualquer pessoa, independentemente desta ter ou não, algum tipo de
incapacidade ou deficiência, por outro, quais as informações disponíveis nos websites acerca
das ofertas para grupos de acessibilidade, com o objetivo de reunir informações atualizadas e
fidedignas deste meio de comunicação.
Percebeu-se, através de observação mediada por uma grelha, que os museus, procuram
proporcionar condições de acesso a todos, nos seus websites, com avaliações satisfatórias nas
páginas selecionadas. Contudo, existem aspetos a melhorar, quanto à informação
disponibilizadas sobre visitas e/ou atividades, especialmente para grupos acessíveis.<br>Disability is universal, it needs everyone's attention, so that those who face barriers every day,
living limited or conditioned by their nature, are not neglected.
In culture, everyone is part of the public. Or they should be, with decision-making power
based on individual freedom. Often conditioned by the limited choice of accessible offers. The
injustice of selection mediated by someone other than the individual right.
Accessibility is the just means, which favors equity but also the lack of prudent reflection.
They should be treated with consideration and a sense of justice. The aspects to be taken into
account in the practical evaluation of this subject are immeasurable.
From the physical to the intellectual. It is up to each one to catalyze and influence, in an
attempt to fulfil a duty for all, to democratize access.
In this sense, with this dissertation, the door is opened to the path of inclusion in the use of
websites in an equal way.
Concepts such as accessibility, museums and communication will be developed throughout
this work with the purpose of understanding, on the one hand, whether the websites of MNACMC
and MNAA are accessible to any person, regardless of whether or not they have some kind
of disability or incapacity, on the other hand, what information is available on the websites
about the offers for accessibility groups, with the aim of gathering up-to-date and reliable
information from this means of communication.
It has been noticed, through observation mediated by a grid, that museums seek to provide
conditions of access to all, on their websites, with satisfactory evaluations on the selected
pages. However, there are aspects to be improved in terms of the information provided on visits
and/or activities, especially for accessible groups.
47
Jonquet, Aurélie. "TactoColor : conception et évaluation d’une interface d’exploration spatiale du web pour malvoyants." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10834.
Full textAbstract:
Nous nous intéressons, dans le cadre de cette recherche, à l’accès à l’internet des personnes malvoyantes. Plusieurs types d’outils destinés à ce public sont disponibles sur le marché, comme les lecteurs et les agrandisseurs d’écran, en fonction de l’acuité visuelle de la personne. Bien que ces outils soient utiles et régulièrement utilisés, les malvoyants (ainsi que les aveugles) évoquent souvent leur aspect frustrant. Plusieurs raisons sont citées, comme le manque d’organisation spatiale du contenu lu avec les lecteurs d’écran ou le fait de ne solliciter qu’un seul sens. La présente recherche consiste à adapter pour les malvoyants un système en développement le TactoWeb (Petit, 2013) qui permet une exploration audio-tactile du Web. TactoWeb a été conçu pour les handicapés ayant une cécité complète et n’offre donc aucune propriété visuelle. Nous proposons ici une adaptation du système pour les handicapés n’ayant qu’une déficience visuelle partielle. Nous espérons fournir à cette population des outils performants qui leur permettront de naviguer sur l’internet de façon efficace et agréable. En effet, grâce à une exploration non-linéaire (qui devrait améliorer l’orientation spatiale) et une interface multimodale (qui sollicite la vue, l’ouïe et le toucher), nous pensons réduire fortement le sentiment de frustration qu’évoquent les malvoyants. Nous avons posé l’hypothèse qu’une exploration non-linéaire et trimodale d’un site internet avec TactoColor est plus satisfaisante et efficace qu’une exploration non-linéaire bimodale avec TactoWeb (sans retour visuel).
TactoColor a été adapté pour les malvoyants en ajoutant des indices visuels traduisant les composantes de la page (liens, menus, boutons) qui devraient rendre l’exploration plus aisée. Pour vérifier notre hypothèse, les deux versions du logiciel ont été évaluées par des malvoyants.
Ainsi, les participants ont commencé soit avec TactoWeb, soit avec TactoColor afin de ne pas favoriser une des versions. La qualité de la navigation, son efficacité et son efficience ont été analysées en se basant sur le temps nécessaire à l’accomplissement d’une tâche, ainsi que la facilité ou la difficulté évoquée par le participant. Aussi, à la fin de chaque session, nous avons demandé leur avis aux participants, grâce à un questionnaire d’évaluation, ce qui nous a permis d’avoir leur retour sur notre logiciel après leur brève expérience. Tous ces relevés nous ont permis de déterminer que l’ajout des couleurs entraine une exploration plus rapide des pages web et une meilleure orientation spatiale. Par contre les performances très différentes des participants ne permettent pas de dire si la présence des couleurs facilite la complétion des tâches.<br>For this research we wanted to focus on how we could improve the satisfaction of visually impaired people when surfing the internet. Many applications are being developed and used to help the disabled on the web, but almost all of them are criticized. Two of the main complaints are that you can only use one of your senses to interact with them and that it is very difficult to figure out how a page is organized.
As Human Beings, we are used to use at least two senses at a time, for example you cannot help smelling and seeing. Thus, being forced to depend only on your hearing is very frustrating.
This research wants to adapt, for visually impaired people, a new software, TactoWeb which allows an audio-tactile exploration of the web. As TactoWeb was conceived for blind people, there is no visual element. TactoWeb is a nonlinear screen reader designed to read the elements depending on where they are on the page. By answering the principal needs mentioned by blind people, TactoWeb could be an excellent product. Therefore, our hypothesis is that a nonlinear and tri-modal exploration of a web site is more efficient and satisfying than a bimodal.
As many people are first visually impaired before being completely blind, we worked on a version, TactoColor, which would suit their special needs. We added visual elements (links, menu, button) that should make any exploration easier.
We asked two groups of visually impaired to test both programs, one starting with TactoWeb and the others with TactoColor, in order not to favor any version. We analyzed the quality of the exploration, its efficacy and efficiency by looking at how long the participants took to fulfill their task and whether or not they found it easy.
Thanks to these data, we were able to determine that participants completed their tasks faster. The exploration was also easier thanks to the colors which helped them understand the organization of the elements of the page. However, it is difficult to say if the colors make completion easier because the participant’s results are too different.
48
Costa, Nuno Alexandre da Conceição. "Avaliação das páginas principais dos sites de governo electrónico local do Distrito de Lisboa para cidadãos com deficiência visual no que diz respeito à acessibilidade." Master's thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/593.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Comércio Electrónico e Internet apresentada à Universidade Aberta<br>A presença do sector público na Internet e na World Wide Web é evidente. São já muitos os conteúdos disponíveis para os cidadãos e as empresas. Estes assumem o papel de clientes que devem ser servidos com eficácia, eficiência e satisfação, de forma ininterrupta e célere.
Neste sentido, as tecnologias de informação e comunicação têm um papel fundamental no fortalecimento de uma participação e envolvimento dos cidadãos numa democracia contemporânea, que se exige numa sociedade onde a informação e o conhecimento são fundamentais num meio cada vez mais competitivo e exigente.
Neste âmbito, qualquer iniciativa de governo electrónico com sucesso, requer uma visão global rigorosa, que pondere todas as perspectivas necessárias enquadradas num plano de integração vertical e horizontal sustentado, nos distintos níveis de governo local, regional e nacional.
Deste modo, a adopção de standards para uma maior flexibilidade e interoperabilidade inter governamental é essencial para um progresso metódico e congruente que analise e melhore a acessibilidade, a inclusividade e a usabilidade geral dos serviços públicos. Partindo desta consideração, a equidade de acesso a todos os cidadãos é assegurada de forma a permitir a plena participação de todos os indivíduos independentemente do género, da classe social, e do grupo étnico e cultural onde estes se inserem<br>La présence des services publics dans l’Internet et dans le World Wide Web est de plus en plus claire et usuelle. Beaucoup sont les contenus disponibles pour les citoyens et entreprises. Ceux-ci assument le rôle de clients qui doivent être servis avec le plus d’efficacité et de satisfaction dans un continuelle et prompte façon.
Dans cette question, les technologies d’information et communication ont un rôle fondamental dans le renforcement de la participation des citoyens dans la démocratie contemporaine, essentielle dans une société où l’information et la connaissance sont la base dans un environnement plus compétitif et exigeant.
Donc, quelque initiative réussie du gouvernement électronique demande une exigeante vision globale qui considère tous les nécessaires perspectifs dans un plan soutenu d’intégration verticale et horizontale aux différents niveaux de gouvernement local, régional et national.
Si, l’adoption des standards vers une plus flexibilité et interopérabilité intergouvernemental est essentielle pour le progrès méthodique et harmonieux lequel analyse et perfectionne l’accessibilité, l’inclusion et l’usage général dans les services publics. Donc, l’équité d’accès à tous citoyens, notamment les handicapés visuels, est assurée dans une façon qui permet la pleine participation de tous individus, quel que soit son sexe, statut social ou groupe ethnique<br>The presence of the public sector in the Internet and in the World Wide Web is evident. The available contents are already great for the citizens and the enterprises. These assume the role of customers to be served with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction, in the continuous and fast form.
In this sense, the information and communications technologies play a key role in strengthening the participation and involvement of citizens in a contemporary democracy, which is demanded in a society where the information and knowledge are crucial in an increasingly competitive and demanding environment.
In this extent, any initiative of electronic government with success requires a thorough overview, which considers all the necessary perspectives fitted in a plan of vertical integration and horizontal sustained, in the different levels of local, regional and national government.
Thus, the adoption of standards for greater flexibility and inter governmental interoperability is essential to a methodical and congruent progress to examine and improve the accessibility, inclusiveness and general usability of public services. On this account, equity of access for all citizens is ensured in order to allow the full participation of all people regardless of gender, social class, ethnic group and the cultural and where they fall
49
Kidrakarn, Karun. "Employer Branding for Successful Recruitment and Retention of Talented Academic Staff in Thai Universities." Thesis, 2014. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/25843/.
Full textAbstract:
Employer branding may be communicated in a variety of ways, but today it is an
organisation’s website that is commonly used to convey the desired image. A website is
commonly recognised as the first port of call for any potential employee. It should,
therefore, be the first channel of communication undertaken by an employer branding
strategy. This thesis reports on research investigating the use of websites by Thai
universities and examines how a well-designed website can be used to efficiently
communicate the employer brand as it is related to attracting and retaining talented
academic staff in Thai universities.
50
Benson, Tracey. "Cross Connections: Online Activism, Real World Outcomes." Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147416.
Full textAbstract:
This research paper examines the role of the Internet as it
relates to the development of social
movements and political protest in the ‘physical’ world. It
also analyses the role of independent
media and reporting methodologies used by activists and
net-artists.
The emergence of online activism and an emphasis on
collaboration, information sharing and open
source tools also had a significant impact on new media arts
discussions and aesthetics.
The refugee activist movement in Australia is a key case study in
this thesis, as it is an excellent
example of how activists have used the Internet and WWW to garner
support within the community
and to engage people to come to protests. In addition, activists
at the protests have reported these
events on the WWW and this subject has also had a resounding
impact within the context of
contemporary and media arts.
The implications of identity online is a major factor in
constructing the arguments in this thesis, as
the relationship between ‘real’ and ‘virtual’ space is
explored in detail as it relates to personal
identity and online community.