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Grace, Thomas B., Joshua D. Kenney, Myron L. Moodie, and Ben A. Abbott. "Key Components of the iNET Test Article Standard." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605993.
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ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThe integrated Network-Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) Test Article Standards Working Group (TASWG) has developed a standard for Telemetry Network System (TmNS). The introduction of Internet Protocol (IP) networks on test ranges has created the potential for greater flexibility in the telemetry environment. This paper discusses the rationale for particular decisions concerning key components mandated by the standard. Performance implications concerning the mandates of the standard are also described. As an educational aid, examples of TAS-based processing philosophies and data structures have been constructed. These examples, including sending and receiving messages, are shown to reinforce understanding core concepts of the standard.
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Neethling, Riaan. "Search engine optimisation or paid placement systems-user preference /." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1076&context=td_cput.
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Grosskurth, Lisa Kathrin. "Marketing architectural services : the role of the internet in marketing architectural services in the Western Cape." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=td_cput.
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Mbikiwa, Fernie Neo. "Search engine exclusion policies: implications on indexing e-commerce websites." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1080&context=td_cput.
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Ngindana, Mongezi. "Visibility of e-commerce websites to search engines : a comparison between text-based and graphic-based hyperlinks /." Thesis, Click here for online access, 2006. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1081&context=td_cput.
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Kritzinger, Wouter Thomas. "The effect webpage body keywords location has on ranking in search engines results : an empirical study /." Thesis, Click here for online access, 2005. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1077&context=td_cput.
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Onojaefe, Darlington Peter. "Business use of branding strategies for e-commerce benefits." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034&context=td_cput.
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Chambers, Rickard. "Search engine strategies : a model to improve website visibility for SMME website /." Thesis, Click here for online access, 2005. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1079&context=td_cput.
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Santos, Gildenir Carolino. "Rede do conhecimento digital: habilidades e competências dos gestores de escolas do estado de São Paulo, através do gerenciamento da rede de Bibliotecas Escolares Digitais (BEDnet) – um estudo exploratório." Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2009. https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/etd/article/view/1029.
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O presente estudo, de caráter descritivo-análitico, com foco na pesquisa exploratória, analisa as percepções dos gestores, através de diretores e vice-diretores em 04 (quatro) escolas públicas e municipais de ensino fundamental e médio, sobre aspectos relacionados à administração pelas habilidades e competências de operar em suas escolas à rede BEDnet. O principal objetivo desse estudo é, a partir das percepções particulares investigadas, compreender o sentido do trabalho coletivo perante as habilidades apresentadas e o que o mesmo pode significar para as escolas públicas e municipais de ensino fundamental e médio ao ingressar na BEDnet, através da competência informacional. Foram empregados nos procedimentos de coleta de dados: entrevista, baseada no roteiro de entrevista de indicadores de desempenho, com ênfase na experiência de vida de cada sujeito pesquisado como gestor e; a aplicação de um questionário de afirmativas e respostas abertas contendo 15 questões e semi-estruturado a partir da noção de quatro grandes áreas de atividades (pessoal, profissional, tecnológico e gestão) relacionadas a seu conhecimento e administração da rede BEDnet. Por fim, estes procedimentos nos levaram a identificar as habilidades e competência informacional dos gestores como receptores e disseminadores de conhecimento na integração e compartilhamento do portal BEDnet. Finalmente, a investigação não se finaliza aqui, representa apenas uma etapa concluída de um estudo mais amplo, onde a metodologia apresentada poderá ser estendida e aplicada em escolas públicas, deficientes de bibliotecas escolares presenciais. O compartilhamento de saberes e união dos conhecimentos técnicos e teóricos dos bibliotecários, professore e alunos, demonstrarão que é possível aplicar na realidade a construção de um projeto social necessário para a complementação do ensino nos dias de hoje.
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Bernal, Paul Alexander. "Do deficiencies in data privacy threaten our autonomy and, if so, can informational privacy rights meet this threat?" Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/321/.
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This thesis sets out a model to examine how the internet functions. 'The symbiotic web' suggests a symbiotic relationship between corporations that have built business models dependent upon the gathering of personal data from people, and the individuals themselves who have begun to rely on apparently 'free' services (from search to email, social networking to YouTube). Having set out the model, the thesis looks at its implications: how it has contributed to many, both the positive and negative, developments on the internet in recent years, but also driven the mass gathering, use and holding of personal data. The symbiotic web is currently essentially beneficial to both businesses and individuals, but there are significant risks attached - risks associated with the accumulation of data and risks that the symbiotic relationship could become negative and parasitic, putting individuals' privacy and autonomy at risk. The implications of this model are examined through the use of case studies: the dispute between Google and the Article 29 Working Party over data retention, Phorm's 'Webwise' behavioural targeting system, and a number of smaller case studies about data vulnerability from the HMRC data disc loss to the ACS:Law hack/leak. The thesis suggests the development and use of specific rights designed for the internet to address the associated risks: a 'right to roam the internet with privacy', a right to monitor those who monitor us, and a 'right to delete data'. These rights would be set out as principles rather than enacted and enforced as laws, and brought into play through Murray's model of symbiotic regulation. These rights would support the positive development of the web symbiosis and encourage and shape new business models that are more supportive of individual autonomy and privacy.
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Souza, Eliana Pereira Salles de. "Publicação de revistas científicas na internet: seguindo modelo SciELO." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2006. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/224.
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Previous issue date: 2006-03-07This study describes the methodology for the publication of a scientific journal on the Internet using the SciELO Library standard. In order to include the journal on the internet a few editing, diagramming and image formatting software are required, in addition to an internet database. In this study the Scielo Library was used. The publication of journals over the Internet allows an easy and quick search of updated articles of a large array of journals. The inclusion of scientific journals on the Internet has promoted an evolution in terms publication, thus contributing to enhance the access of investigators and readers who may in turn accelerate spreading and obtaining scientific studies information thanks to a network with worldwide access.
Este trabalho consiste em descrever a metodologia para publicação de uma revista científica na Internet utilizando o padrão da Biblioteca Scientific Library On-line (SciELO). Para a inclusão da revista na Internet são necessários alguns softwares de editoração, diagramação e tratamento de imagens, além de um banco de dados na internet. Neste trabalho foi utilizado a Biblioteca Scielo. A publicação das revistas na Internet permite pesquisar com facilidade e rapidez artigos atualizados das revistas das mais diversas áreas. A inclusão das revistas científicas na Internet proporcionou uma evolução em termos de publicações, contribuindo, assim, para o aprimoramento do acesso de pesquisadores e leitores que podem agilizar a divulgação e o conhecimento das pesquisas cientificas graças a uma rede com acesso mundial.
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Bruno, Fábio de Barros. "O direito de arrependimento no comércio eletrônico." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2006. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1215.
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Previous issue date: 2006-09-21Article #49 of the Brazilian Consumer Bill of Rights (CDC Law 8.078/1990) establishes consumers right to return unwanted merchandise to suppliers within a period of 7 days for a full refund in the case of distance contracts. This law is intended to ensure consumers convenience and opportunity at the moment of purchase, compensate for consumers lack of familiarity with the product or service purchased, and protect consumers against particularly aggressive marketing practices. However, although the literal interpretation of this law specifies a 7-day refund period and contracts celebrated at distance for the exercise of this right, jurisprudence and judicial doctrine have not yet determined the exact boundaries under which consumers may return unwanted products. In other words, any product or service purchased from a supplier at distance may be returned within a 7-day period no-questions-asked. In any case, in e-commerce dealings the unrestricted exercise of this right can lead to significant losses on part of the suppliers. But, far from ignoring consumers rights suppliers often underscore them, though the actual scope and applicability of these rights remain to be clearly established. If consumers rights to return unwanted merchandise are exercised within the principles informing the legal system, they will eventually become a means of harmonizing e-commerce relations and, consequently, of encouraging participation in worldwide computer networks.
O direito de arrependimento é a prerrogativa instituída pelo art. 49 do Código de Defesa do Consumidor mediante a qual é facultado ao consumidor desistir, no prazo de sete dias e sem qualquer ônus, do contrato que tenha efetuado fora do estabelecimento comercial do fornecedor. Esta prerrogativa do consumidor tem por objetivo básico garantir a conveniência e oportunidade no ato de consumo, tanto suprindo a falta de contato prévio do consumidor com o produto ou serviço que adquire fora do estabelecimento do fornecedor, como coibindo as práticas comerciais eivadas de marketing agressivo. De acordo com uma interpretação gramatical desse artigo, em um primeiro momento, salvo o lugar onde se firmou o contrato e o prazo de reflexão, aparentemente pouco tem sido dito pela doutrina em relação a qualquer outro limite para que o consumidor exerça o direito em foco. Em suma, basta que o produto ou serviço tenha sido contratado fora do estabelecimento comercial e que a manifestação da desistência ocorra dentro no prazo de reflexão, para que ele seja exercido. Tal fato leva alguns doutrinadores a buscar interpretações que negam quase que totalmente a aplicação do direito de arrependimento ao comércio eletrônico, uma vez que sua aplicação irrestrita pode ser bastante prejudicial, sobretudo, ao empresário. O caminho no comércio eletrônico, no entanto, não é negar esse direito ao consumidor, mas sim, despertá-lo para a sua existência. Os limites de sua aplicabilidade, todavia, devem ser traçados a fim de se estabelecerem regras claras para os participantes da relação de consumo. Logo, uma interpretação mais adequada desse instituto se faz necessária à luz do comércio eletrônico; interpretação que possibilite não só um ponto de equilíbrio na aplicabilidade do direito de arrependimento fundamentado no próprio sistema jurídico, mas que também desperte a atenção dos consumidores para o seu exercício. É necessário o equilíbrio. Isto é, não negá-lo, mas acordar a sociedade para o seu uso; não para seu emprego desregrado e ilimitado, mas para o seu uso dentro dos princípios que regem o sistema, como meio de harmonização das relações de consumo no comércio eletrônico e, por conseqüência, como instrumento para a ampliação do número de pessoas incluídas na rede mundial de computadores.
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Feng, Qi. "Two essays on trade policy and interest groups /." Diss., ON-CAMPUS Access For University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Click on "Connect to Digital Dissertations", 2000. http://www.lib.umn.edu/articles/proquest.phtml.
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Sievers, Malte. "Der Schutz der Kommunikation im Internet durch Artikel 10 des Grundgesetzes /." Baden-Baden : Nomos-Verl.-Ges, 2003. http://www.bsz-bw.de/depot/metainf/10200000/10359000/10359191t.html.
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Santos, Gil Robson de Oliveira. "Fórum no ambiente Whatsapp : estratégia de apropriação de uso da escrita do artigo de opinião no 9º ano." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2016. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6441.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESThis report aims to present the action-research results, took place at the CEJBN/SE, enclosing the usage of the cellphone application designed to instantaneous messages exchange – WhatsApp – as a strategy to the students of the 9º grade of the elementary school to develop competences in order to the opinion genre article text producing practise. The research is based on Koch, Boff and Marinello (2009/2014) studies concerning the work with the textual genres, beginning from systematic daily actions sequence: Soares (2002) about literacies on Cyberculture and Rojo (2015) about multiliteracy. The methodology employed is proposed by Dolz and Schneuwly, recognized as Didactic Sequence. The justification for the fulfiment of this research is reasoned by the range of teaching actions amlplification needs which absorbs the disposable digital technologies, both as alongside the student literacy on the cyberculture scope and, mainly, as their competence on the written modality upgrading. The final product resulting the action-research is registred in a Pedagogical Notebook that aims to socialize the didactic actions experiences with other elementar school portuguese language teachers.
Este relatório tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados da pesquisa-ação realizada no CEJBN/SE, envolvendo o uso do aplicativo de celular para troca de mensagens instantâneas – WhatsApp – como estratégia para alunos do 9ª ano do ensino fundamental desenvolverem competências para a prática da produção de texto do gênero artigo de opinião. A pesquisa baseia-se nos estudos de Köch, Boff e Marinello (2009/2014) sobre o gênero textual artigo de opinião; Dolz e Schneuwly (2004), sobre o trabalho com os gêneros textuais a partir de uma sequência sistemática de ações didáticas; Soares (2002) sobre letramentos na Cibercultura e Rojo (2015), sobre multiletramentos. A metodologia empregada é a proposta por Dolz e Schneuwly, reconhecida como Sequência Didática. A justificativa para a realização da pesquisa se dá pela necessidade de se ampliar o rol de alternativas de ações de ensino que absorva as tecnologias digitais disponíveis, tanto a favor do letramento do aluno no âmbito da cibercultura quanto e, sobretudo, do aprimoramento de sua competência na modalidade escrita. O produto final da pesquisa-ação realizada está registrado em um Caderno Pedagógico que visa socializar a experiência das ações didáticas com outros docentes de língua portuguesa do ensino fundamental.
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Wållgren, Malin. "Exploring the Outer Limits of Article 114 TFEU - towards a general power? : An analysis of non-market objectives and "measures having as their object the establishment and functioning of the internal market"." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-309688.
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Dickerson, Tona. "Individual interest and subject-matter knowledge : variables affecting second-language strategy use in reading a science article /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487949836206751.
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Bruce-Rabillon, Eva. "L' article 55 de la constitution dans la jurisprudence du Conseil Constitutionnel." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX32024.
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En reconnaissant aux traités ou accords internationaux régulièrement ratifiés ou approuvés une " autorité supérieure à celle des lois ", le constituant de 1958 a solennellement affirmé la primauté des normes internationales sur l'ordre juridique interne. Mais en l'absence de toute précision du texte constitutionnel quant à l'autorité juridictionnelle compétente pour assurer l'application de ce principe, il est revenu au juge constitutionnel de se prononcer. La décision de principe Interruption volontaire de grossesse du 15 janvier 1975, par laquelle le Conseil constitutionnel a formellement décliné sa compétence, constitue la pierre angulaire d'une jurisprudence constante en vertu de laquelle les juridictions ordinaires sont implicitement mais incontestablement chargées de ce qui a été appelé le " contrôle de la conventionnalité des lois ". Mais si, pour le Conseil constitutionnel, l'article 55 ne crée pas une exigence de conformité des lois aux normes internationales, il n'en pose pas moins un principe de hiérarchie susceptible d'être sanctionné dans le cadre du contrôle de constitutionnalité. Ainsi, l'analyse de l'article 55 de la Constitution révèle que ses prescriptions s'agrègent en un double contenu normatif qui s'avère, sous l'impulsion de la jurisprudence constitutionnelle, susciter une compétence juridictionnelle bipartite : le Conseil constitutionnel, juge de la constitutionnalité, veille au respect des prescriptions " directes " de constitutionnalité contenues dans l'article 55 tandis que le juge ordinaire, juge de la conventionnalité, assure l'application des prescriptions " indirectes " de conventionnalité impliquées par ce même article. Se proposant de dresser un bilan complet de l'article 55 de la Constitution " dans la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel ", notre étude concentrera d'abord son propos sur le problème théorique de la compétence juridictionnelle, pour ensuite traiter de l'application contentieuse de cette disposition devant le Conseil constitutionnelBy recognizing to the treaties and agreements ratified or approved a "superior authority on the laws", the 1958 Constitution has solemnly affirmed the primacy of international norms on the internal legal order. But in the absence of any precision as to the judicial organ in charge of insuring this principle, it was the constitutional judge to decide. The key decision "Interruption volontaire de grossesse" of the 15th January 1975, where this organ declined its competence is the cornerstone of a stable jurisprudence according to which ordinary tribunals are implicitly but incontestably charged with what has been named the "control of conventionality". However, if for the Constitutional Council, the article 55 does not create a condition of the conformity of laws to international treaties, it does lay a principle of hierarchy, which may be enforced within the framework of constitutionality control Thus, the analysis of article 55 of the Constitution reveals that the prescriptions there contained are aggregated in a double normative content, which leads, under the impetus of the constitutional jurisprudence, to double jurisdictional competence : the Constitutional Council, judge of constitutionality, is in charge of the direct constitutionality prescriptions contained in the article 55 while the ordinary judge, judge of conventionality, insures the enforcement of the indirect conventionality prescriptions implied by this article. The study, which aims to give a complete balance sheet of article 55 of the Constitution in the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Council, will in a first time focus the theoretical issue of jurisdiction, and in a second time, the judicial enforcement of this provision at the Constitutional Council
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Brisimi, Vasiliki. "The interface between competition and the internal market : market separation under Article 102TFEU." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:10e3935d-ce31-437c-94b6-5d67af5d4e15.
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The thesis explores the interface between competition law and market integration, in the application of Article 102TFEU. It focuses on ‘market separation’ and addresses conduct that has the intent, or effect, of hindering cross-border trade, either in the form of geographic price discrimination or in the form of exclusionary abuses, in which out-of-State competitors are affected. In doing so, the thesis delves into a comparative analysis of the Treaty requirements under Article 102TFEU when applied in market separation cases and the Treaty requirements under the free movement provisions. It begins with a comparison of the objectives of the two sets of provisions and assesses how their historical link is echoed, presently, in the requirement of ‘effect on trade’ under Article 102TFEU (Chapter I). Following this, the thesis explores the asymmetry as between the addressees of the two sets of provisions (Chapter II). It is argued that ‘undertaking with a dominant position’, as a distinct condition of the application of Article 102TFEU, is the outer limit to any expansive view of direct horizontal applicability of the freedoms. Therefore, alleged market separation by dominant undertakings should be subject to Article 102TFEU alone. Subsequently, the material scope of the prohibitions contained in the two sets of provisions is addressed. Here, it is argued that, in the vast majority of market separation cases, there is nothing special about the interface between competition law and the Internal Market. Rather, the inherent limits of economic integration, as reflected in the notion of trade barriers, should also be taken into account under the enforcement of Article 102TFEU against dominant undertakings (Chapter III). Tensions between competition law and the Internal Market may, nevertheless, arise when non-economic values, as reflected in the notion of justified trade barriers, come into play. In these cases, the interface between competition law and the Internal Market is better conceptualised as a question of unclear attribution of the market distorting effect to the undertaking and/or the State (Chapter IV). A revised defence of shared responsibility for the market separation is proposed, which would render the legality of State intervention under the free movement provisions a necessary condition for the application of Article 102TFEU against the dominant undertaking (Chapters V and VI).
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De, Troia Alessandro. "Estrazione e annotazione di una rete citazionale da articoli scientifici." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7438/.
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Lavoro svolto per la creazione di una rete citazionale a partire da articoli scientifici codificati in XML JATS. Viene effettuata un'introduzione sul semantic publishing, le ontologie di riferimento e i principali dataset su pubblicazioni scientifiche. Infine viene presentato il prototipo CiNeX che si occupa di estrarre da un dataset in XML JATS un grafo RDF utilizzando l'ontologia SPAR.
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Eriksson, Dan. "The GDPR's lawful basis of legitimate interest : Advice and review regarding the balancing operation as of GDPR Article 6.1 (f)." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384252.
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The objective of the thesis is to analyse law, case law, recommendations and opinions and to some extent legal doctrine to produce commercially viable advice (in other words, a check-list) on what to think about when conducting a balancing test as of GDPR Article 6.1 (f)
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Nilsson, Daniel. "Transactions in cyberspace : the continued use of Internet banking /." Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2007. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/739.htm.
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Burke, Jarleth. "A market and government failure critique of services of general economic interest : testing the centrality and strictness of Article 106(2) TFEU." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3273/.
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This thesis proposes a new understanding of Article 106(2) TFEU using composite legal and economic interrogative frameworks. Article 106(2) provides that under specified conditions, any Treaty rule may be disapplied with respect to services of general economic interest (‘SGEIs’). The underlying research tests two principal claims concerning Article 106(2). The first is that it is the central Treaty provision for reconciling EU and Member State interests concerning SGEIs, and the second, is that it is a strict exception. The purely legal component of the analysis comprises internal and external accounts of Article 106(2). The former concerns its operation on a standalone basis, with the latter dissecting its interaction with other TFEU derogation mechanisms. The internal analysis reveals the seeming volatility of the manifest error standard and considers the effects of enduring difficulties concerning proportionality review. The external account discloses the ubiquitous contingency of Article 106(2), resulting in it being side-lined in a variety of ways. In overall terms, Article 106(2) is shown not to be the central Treaty mediating mechanism for SGEIs that it may be capable of being. The combined legal and economic component of the thesis is based on deploying the theory of market failure and its analogue, government failure, in order to test whether Article 106(2) is a strict exception. Market failure is used to assess SGEI verification. Government failure is used to assess the disapplication of other Treaty provisions under Article 106(2). The market failure analysis reveals that manifest error control is strict for efficiency related market failures, for EU circumscribed distributional objectives, and occasionally, elsewhere. The government failure analysis discloses significant but avoidable weaknesses in disapplication review, but with pronounced change over time, including a relative recent partial revival of its strictness following Altmark. In the aggregate, the combination of legal and economic analysis shows Article 106(2) not to be a strict exception, except in limited circumstances. In the light of the findings on centrality and strictness, proposals for the reorientation of Article 106(2) are made.
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Danielsson, Gustaf, and Patrick Hallerstedt. "En upphovsrättslig analys av EU-domstolens tolkningar av artikel 3.1 i Infosoc-direktivet och dess effekt på länkning på internet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-63819.
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Copyright law gives the creator of a copyrighted work, for example, an exclusive right to exploit this creation by making it available to the public. Legislation does not always evolve in the same tact as technology. Even though legislation most of the time is general and therefore can be applied to situations that wasn’t intended when the legislation was created sometimes the rapid development of technology brings new questions that wasn’t accounted for by the legislator. An example of a situation like this is the case (C-160/15) where the European Court of Justice (The Court) ruled that when actors on the internet link to copyright protected material with an intent to profit it’s seen as a communication to the public. Internet is characterized by that everything is connected, it’s one big platform. Internet users use links all the time. It’s a quick and effective way to spread information and to navigate between different websites. The purpose of this essay is to carry out a research of the newly established practice by the European Court of Justice regarding hyperlinks on the internet. The questions that will be answered in this essay are the following. How does The Courts interpretation of article 3 Infosoc-directive affect linkage on the internet? Can this interpretation affect our freedom of expression and information? Is The Courts conclusion regarding the necessary prerequisite “new public” and “presumption of knowledge”, when linkage is used with the purpose of profit, compatible with international copyright law? The Courts conclusion, in our opinion, regarding the prerequisite “new public” is not compatible with international copyright law because the prerequisite were concluded from an interpretation of the Berne Convention without an authority to do so. Regarding The Courts conclusion of the presumption of knowledge when links is used with an intent to profit we have found that this statement is in accordance with international copyright law. However, in our own assessment, we think that it will lead to an unreasonable responsibility for the actors to research if the material, to which they link to, is protected by copyright or not, and if the material was published with permission. By our research we have reached the conclusion that The Court’s interpretation of article 3 Infosoc-directive will diminish the usage of links on the internet and, because linkage is the primary form in which information is spread, in turn have a negative effect on our freedom of expression and information.Upphovsrätt ger skaparen av ett verk en ensamrätt till att t.ex. göra verket tillgängligt för allmänheten enligt artikel 3.1 Infosoc-direktivet. Lagstiftning utvecklas inte alltid i samma takt som tekniken. Även om lagstiftning ofta är generell och kan appliceras på fler situationer än vad som var tänkt från början så kan den tekniska utvecklingen bringa nya frågor som lagstiftaren inte räknade med. Ett exempel på en situation som denna framkom i GS Media-målet (C-160/15) där EU-domstolen (EUD) fick till uppgift att fastställa om hyperlänkning till upphovsrättsskyddade verk på internet är att ses som en överföring till allmänheten. EUD kom fram till att om länkningen sker i vinstsyfte så ses det som en överföring till allmänheten. Internet är kännetecknat av att allt hänger samman, det är en enda stor plattform. Internetanvändare använder länkar hela tiden, det är ett effektivt sätt att sprida information och underlättar för användaren att navigera sig mellan olika webbplatser. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka de upphovsrättsliga fastställanden som EUD gjort gällande länkning på internet. Frågorna som ska svaras på i denna uppsats är följande. Hur påverkar EUD:s tolkning av artikel 3.1 Infosoc-direktivet länkning på internet? Kan tolkningen komma att påverka vår informationsfrihet? Är EUD:s fastställande om rekvisitet ”ny publik” och ”kännedomspresumtion” vid länkning för vinst förenlig med internationell upphovsrätt? Vår uppfattning är att EUD:s fastställande om rekvisitet ”ny publik” är inte förenligt med internationell upphovsrätt då rekvisitet fastställdes genom en obehörig och felaktig tolkning av Bernkonventionen. Angående fastställandet om kännedomspresumtion vid länkning för vinst har vi kommit fram till att det är förenligt med internationell upphovsrätt. Vi tror dock att det kommer leda till ett alltför långtgående ansvar för aktörer på internet att undersöka huruvida materialet de länkar till är skyddat av upphovsrätten eller inte samt om det är publicerat med samtycke eller ej. Vi har kommit fram till att EUD:s tolkning av artikel 3.1 i Infosoc-direktivet kommer minska användningen av länkar på internet. Eftersom länkning är det primära sättet för hur information sprids kommer tolkningen i sin tur även ha en negativ effekt på informationsfriheten.
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Jonsson, Johanna, and Jessica Roos. "När anonymiteten försvinner : En kvantitativ jämförelse av innehållet i kommentarsfälten till nätartiklar på Aftonbladet.se." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-14994.
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Denna studie jämför hur kommentarer till nätartiklar på Aftonbladet.se har förändrats från 2010 till 2011 vad gäller innehåll, språk och ton. Mellan dessa år har systemet för kommentering ändrats på Aftonbladet.se, från att det 2010 krävdes registrering och att kommentatorn fick välja ett valfritt alias, till att kommentering sker via ett redan registrerat Facebook-konto med kommentatorns riktiga namn. Studiens syfte är att ta reda på hur diskussionerna och språket i kommentarsfälten påverkas när kommentatorn inte längre får vara anonym. Med kvantitativ innehållsanalys undersöks två artiklars kommentarer per dag under en vecka, 14 till 20 oktober 2010 och 2011, 14 artiklar från varje år. Urvalet av artiklar utgår från vilka artiklar som topplacerats i Aftonbladets pappersupplaga samma dag. Totalt har 1452 kommentarer undersökts med 28 variabler. Variablerna berör bland annat huruvida kommentaren är kritisk, om den svarar på en annan kommentar och om den innehåller stavfel eller andra språkliga misstag. Efter att kodningen genomförts gjordes ett reliabilitetstest där 30 redan undersökta kommentarer analyserades en gång till för att stärka resultatets validitet. Huvudresultatet visar att det 2011 pågår en mer aktiv diskussion mellan de som kommenterar och att kvinnorna har tagit mer plats i kommentarsfälten än tidigare. Detta kan ha sin förklaring i att det är mer lättillgängligt att kommentera via ett Facebook-konto förutsatt att man redan har ett registrerat konto. Språkbruket är i princip det samma båda åren, men kommentarerna har blivit längre och mer sakliga.This study compares reader comments on articles displayed on Aftonbladet.se, in terms of content and language. Between these years the system for commenting on Aftonbladet.se has changed from a registration, when the user could choose their own alias, to commenting using their already existing Facebook-account with the user’s real name. This study answers the question how and if the reader comments change when the option of being anonymous disappears. This study analyses readers’ comments of two articles every day during two weeks, October 14th to October 20th 2010 and 2011, with a total of 14 articles each year. The selection of articles was based on the articles placement in the printed newspaper Aftonbladet the same day. 1452 comments have been studied through 28 variables. Some of the most important variables were; whether the comment is critical, whether the comment answers another comment and if it contains spelling mistakes. In order to strengthen the validity of the study a test of the reliability was made and 30 comments were re-analysed one more time. The main results of the study indicates that the debate was more active between the users in 2011 than in 2010 and that women to a higher extent started to take place in the commenting area. These results are probably an effect of using the Facebook account for commenting, which is accessible and easy to use.
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Lillard, Scott K. "THE CEMENT OF INTEREST: INTERSTATE INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS, INTERSTATE COMMERCE, AND THE TRANSITION FROM THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION TO THE CONSTITUTION, 1783-1786." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1354829932.
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Muskal, Lili. "Healthy Skepticism: The Relationship between Funding Source and Conclusion in Nutrition-Related Scientific Articles on Saturated Fat." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2036.
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Recently published scientific articles have led to mixed nutritional advice on dietary saturated fatty acids. Lesser et. al (2007) identified that mixed conclusions in scientific articles on sweetened beverages might be attributed industry funding, as articles funded by the beverage industry are four to eight times more likely to report conclusions in favor of the sponsor’s products. This thesis applies Lesser’s methods to determine whether industry funding influences the inconsistent conclusions on saturated fatty acids. This thesis analyzes 100 articles on foods high in dietary saturated fatty acids. While studies with food industry funding are more likely to produce favorable conclusions, this trend is not significant (p= 0.205). On the other hand, the odds ratio of a favorable versus an unfavorable conclusion in articles where investigators disclosed a food industry related conflict of interest is 2.67 (95% CI, 1.03 to 6.88). The prevalence of both industry funding and conflict of interest have increased over time, yet the percent of articles reporting favorable conclusions has not changed over time. This suggests that while industry funding and conflict of interest might skew nutrition research, the mixed conclusions in articles on saturated fatty acids are largely influenced by other factors. Therefore, all nutrition-related scientific articles on saturated fatty acids should be critically evaluated before informing dietary recommendations.
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Lazarova, Guergana. "L'impartialité de la justice : recherche sur la circulation d'un principe entre le droit interne et le droit international." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1020.
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Le principe d'impartialité est essentiellement traité par les juristes français sous l'angle de l'imposante jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme. Néanmoins, l'origine internationale de ce principe restait inexplorée. Cette étude montre que l'impartialité est une exigence récurrente dans les discours sur la justice, et ce depuis l'Antiquité. Malgré son évidence philosophique, la juridicisation du principe d'impartialité s'est révélée sinueuse et inégale à travers l'histoire et les cultures juridiques (Common law/Civil law). Les particularités du régime politique du Royaume-Uni expliquent ainsi l'applicabilité directe du principe dans le trial dès les origines de la Common law. En revanche, en droit français, sa consécration explicite fut tardive et provoquée par l'article 6 CEDH, même si le juge national avait su contourner le silence des textes pour lui procurer une protection indirecte. À coté de ces décalages entre les États, une brève analyse de l'histoire du droit international suffit à constater la présence du principe dans l'ordre juridique international dès le début du XXe siècle. L'étude du principe d'impartialité de la justice illustre alors parfaitement la problématique des rapports de systèmes. Plusieurs interactions importantes peuvent être signalées. Dans un premier temps, le droit international a eu besoin du principe d'impartialité afin de légitimer la construction de son propre ordre, qui passait inévitablement par la juridictionnalisation. Dans un deuxième temps, après avoir accompli sa fonction structurante, il est devenu partie intégrante du droit international substantiel tout en voyant son objet modifiéThe principle of impartiality is essentially treate by the French jurists under the angle of the impressive jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. Nevertheless, the international origin of this principle remained unexplored. This study shows that the impartiality is a recurring requirement in the speeches on the justice, and it since the Antiquit. In spite of its philosophic obvious fact, the juridicisation of the principle of impartiality showed itself sinuous and uneven through the history and the legal cultures (Civilian /Common law). The peculiarities of the political system of the United Kingdom so explain the direct applicability of the principle in the motocross from the origins of Common law. On the other hand, in French law, its explicit consecration was late and provoked by the article 6 EHCR
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Lindblom, Martin. "Which News Articles are You Reading? : Using Fingerprinting to Attack Internal Pages of News Websites." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178397.
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When performing fingerprinting attacks against websites in a controlled environment astudy may achieve very promising results. However, these can be misleading as the closedworld setting may not accurately represent the real-world. This is a problem many priorworks have been critiqued for, the inability to transfer their results from the closed-worldsetting to the real-world. Being able to do so is of great importance to establish what thereal-world consequences would be of fingerprint attacks. If unable to apply one’s findingsoutside of a tightly controlled environment it is difficult to gauge if these attacks types posea real threat or not. Thereby, this thesis has, contrary to previous work, based its settingon a real-world scenario to provide tangible insights into vulnerabilities of news websites.Furthermore, it targeted internal pages of websites, something understudied by previousliterature. All of this while presenting a novel classifier that is lightweight and requireslittle training, and a framework for automatically collecting and labelling encrypted TCPtraffic without the use of a proxy.
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Vihinen, Janne. "Supply and demand perspectives on mobile products and content services /." Helsinki : Helsinki School of Economics, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/547728506.pdf.
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Docquir, Pierre-François. "La liberté d'expression dans le réseau mondial de communication: propositions pour une théorie générale du droit d'accès à l'espace public privatisé." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210368.
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Hammerich, Philipp. "Schutz vor aufgedrängten Informationen im Internet und in der E-Mail-Kommunikation durch die negative Rezipientenfreiheit : Artikel 5 Absatz 1 Satz 1 Halbsatz 2 GG unter dem Aspekt des objektiv-rechtlichen Grundrechtsgehalts /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2007. http://d-nb.info/985029633/04.
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Haneef, Romana. "Dissémination et communication des résultats de la recherche clinique dans les médias." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB044/document.
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Les médias et les réseaux sociaux constituent une source importante de diffusion et de communication des résultats de la recherche clinique. Le terme « spin » est utilisé lorsque la présentation et l’interprétation des résultats d’une étude sont déformées par les auteurs que ce soit intentionnellement ou involontairement. Les spins exagèrent les effets bénéfiques des interventions et sous-estiment les effets indésirables. Les principaux objectifs de ce travail étaient :1) d’évaluer la prévalence des « spins » dans les articles de presse, d’identifier les différentes stratégies de spin et de développer une classification de spin ; 2) d’identifier les facteurs associés à une diffusion des résultats via les réseaux sociaux et 3) d’étudier comment les articles scientifiques rapportés avec des spins diffusent via les réseaux sociaux, à partir de l’exemple de l’essai DAPT 2014. Dans un premier temps, nous avons réalisé une revue systématique des articles de presse décrivant les résultats d’études évaluant une intervention et indexés dans la rubrique santé de Google. Nous avons développé une classification des stratégies de spin pour les articles de presse et montré que la prévalence des spins est élevée. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons réalisé une étude de cohorte d’articles évaluant les traitements contre le cancer pour identifier les facteurs associés à une attention médiatique élevée. Le critère de jugement principal était l’attention portée par les médias et les réseaux sociaux mesuré par le « score Altmetric ». Nos résultats ont montré l’importance de l’accès libre et des communiqués de presse. Enfin, nous avons effectué une analyse systématique de l’attention portée par les médias et les réseaux sociaux autour de l'étude DAPT qui était rapporté avec des spins sous estimant les effets indésirable de l’intervention. Nous avons montré que l’interprétation des résultats par les auteurs sont rarement contredits. Ces travaux ont permis de mettre en évidence l’importance des spins dans les médias et de développer des outils (classification de spin) pour améliorer la diffusion des résultats de la rechercheMass media and social networks are important sources of disseminating and communicating clinical research. The term “spin” is used when the presentation and interpretation of the results of a study is distorted by the authors intentionally or unintentionally. Spins exaggerate the beneficial effects of interventions and underestimate adverse effects. The main objectives of this PhD were (I) to assess the prevalence of spin in health news, as well as identify and classify different strategies of spin; (II) to identify factors associated with dissemination of research results through online media, and (III) to explore how results of a trial reported with spin were disseminated to the scientific community and online media, using the 2014 DAPT trial as a case study. For the first aim, we performed a cross-sectional study of health news and described the distortion of research results of studies evaluating an intervention in Google health news. We developed a classification of spin for health news and showed a high prevalence of spin. For the second aim, we performed a cohort study of articles evaluating cancer treatments and identify factors associated with high online media attention. The primary outcome was the attention received by media and social networks measured by Altmetric score. Our results highlighted the importance of open access and press releases. Finally, we performed a systematic review of attention received by media and social networks surrounding the DAPT study which were reported with spin and undermine the adverse effects of the treatment. We showed that the interpretation of results by authors was rarely criticized. These results highlighted the importance of spin in mass media and provided a tool (classification of spin) to improve the dissemination of research results
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Meguebli, Youssef. "Leveraging User-Generated Content for Enhancing and Personalizing News Recommendation." Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SUPL0007/document.
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La motivation principale de cette thèse est de proposer un système de recommandation personnalisé pour les plateformes d’informations. Pour cela, nous avons démontré que les opinions peuvent constituer un descripteur efficace pour améliorer la qualité de la recommandation. Au cours de cette thèse, nous avons abordé ce problème en proposant trois contributions principales. Tout d’abord, nous avons proposé un modèle de profil qui décrit avec précision les intérêts des utilisateurs ainsi que le contenu des articles de presse. Le modèle de profil proposé repose sur trois éléments : les entités nommées, les aspects et les sentiments. Nous avons testé notre modèle de profil sur les trois applications différentes que sont l’identification des orientations politiques des utilisateurs, la recommandation personnalisée des articles de presse et enfin la diversification de la liste des articles recommandés. Deuxièmement, nous avons proposé une approche de classement des opinions permettant de filtrer et sélectionner seulement les opinions pertinentes. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé une variation de la technique de PageRank pour définir le score de chaque opinion. Les résultats montrent que notre approche surpasse deux approches récemment proposées pour le classement des opinions. Troisièmement, nous avons étudié différentes façons d’enrichir le contenu des articles de presse par les opinions : par toutes les opinions, par seulement le topk des opinions, et enfin par un ensemble d’opinions diversifiées. Les résultats montrent que l’enrichissement des contenus des articles de presseIn this thesis, we have investigated how to exploit user-generated-content for personalized news recommendation purpose. The intuition behind this line of research is that the opinions provided by users, on news websites, represent a strong indicator about their profiles. We have addressed this problem by proposing three main contributions. Firstly, we have proposed a profile model that accurately describes both users’ interests and news article contents. The profile model was tested on three different applications ranging from identifying the political orientation of users to the context of news recommendation and the diversification of the list of recommended news articles. Results show that our profile model give much better results compared to state-of-the-art models. Secondly, we have investigated the problem of noise on opinions and how we can retrieve only relevant opinions in response to a given query.The proposed opinion ranking strategy is based on users’ debates features. We have used a variation of PageRank technique to define the score of each opinion. Results show that our approach outperforms two recent proposed opinions ranking strategies, particularly for controversial topics. Thirdly, we have investigated different ways of leveraging opinions on news article contents including all opinions, topk opinions based on opinion ranking strategy, and a set of diverse opinion. To extract a list of diverse opinions, we have employed a variation of an existing opinion diversification model. Results show that diverse opinions give the best performance over other leveraging strategies
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Ronzier, Elisabeth. "Le gage sans dépossession : éclairages américains pour une meilleure efficacité du droit français et international." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA111013.
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L’ordonnance du 23 mars 2006 a réformé le droit des sûretés en France et introduit un gage sans dépossession inspiré du security interest américain dans l’objectif d’améliorer l’efficacité de la matière. L’amélioration est visible mais peut encore être approfondie. En premier lieu, la prépondérance de l’autonomie de la volonté dans la constitution et le régime du gage sans dépossession traduit son détachement progressif de la matière réelle. En effet, le droit du créancier bénéficiaire a pour objet plus la valeur du contenu de l’assiette affectée que son incarnation matérielle. Ainsi, il faut, d’une part, autoriser l’évolution du contenu matériel de l’assiette de constitution pour admettre que l’assiette de réalisation ne soit pas constituée des mêmes biens mais représente toujours la même valeur affectée. D’autre part, il faut reconnaître l’opposabilité du droit de rétention fictif aux procédures d’insolvabilité. En second lieu, le détachement de la sûreté de son objet réel et la prévalence de l’autonomie de la volonté doivent se prolonger en droit international privé. Ainsi, il convient d’admettre l’abandon de la compétence de la lex rei sitae, source de difficultés liées à la nature mobilière du bien grevé, et de reconnaître la compétence de la lex contractus, tirée de la prépondérance de la source conventionnelle de la sûreté.Ainsi, tant l’adaptation de la sûreté permise par la place laissée la volonté des parties, que la possibilité de circulation transfrontalière offerte par la reconnaissance des sûretés étrangères, font du gage sans dépossession une sûreté plus efficace aussi bien en droit interne qu’au niveau internationalOn March 23rd 2006, the French reform of security law introduced the « gage sans dépossession », inspired by the security interest of the Article 9 of the U.C.C. from the United- States, in order to improve the efficiency of security law in France. The enhancement is undeniable and yet but there remains room for improvement.First of all, the increased autonomy given to parties when creating and ruling a security results in its detachment from the scope of personal property. Indeed, the creditor is more entitled to the value of the collateral rather than to the good itself. Therefore, the physical content of the collateral should be allowed to change physically as long as collateral remains of same value. On the other hand, the creditor’s fictive right of retention must be enforceable against insolvency proceedings. Secondly, both the detachment of the security from its physical collateral and the preponderance of parties’ autonomy must be taken into account in international private law. Should a matter of choice of law arise, the security should be governed not by lex rei sitae, given the issues raised when applied to movable goods, but by lex contractus, on account of the contractual source of the security. As a result of its adaptability enabled by autonomy, and as a result of the ability to move the security over borders and still be enforceable, the French “gage sans dépossession” appears to be more efficient both in France and on an international level
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Nowag, Julian. "Competition law, state aid law and free-movement law : the case of the environmental integration obligation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b14c7740-cac8-4084-acf8-86ff9c053e6c.
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This thesis investigates competition law, State aid law and free-movement law in their interaction with Article 11 TFEU’s obligation to integrate environmental protection requirements into all activities and policies of the Union. The Article is formulated in broad and sweeping terms which makes integrating environmental protection requirements complex and context-dependent. The challenge of integrating environmental considerations is further increased as such integration in competition, State aid and free- movement law is different from other areas of EU action. The three areas are the core provisions protecting the internal market by prohibiting certain actions of the Member States and undertakings. Unlike in other areas, the EU is therefore not in the position to develop or design the actions but has to scrutinise the measure according to pre-established parameters. To address this challenge, a novel functional approach to environmental integration is developed. The approach should facilitate a better understanding of environmental integration and in particular its application to competition law, State aid and free-movement law. An important element of this thesis equally the comparison between the three areas of law. It sheds light on conceptual issues that are not only relevant to the integration of environmental protection. The comparison advances the understanding in relation to questions such as how restrictions are defined and how the respective balancing tests are applied. The contribution of this research is therefore twofold. One the one hand, it compares how the different tests in competition, State aid and free-movement law operate, thereby offering opportunities for cross-fertilisation. On the other hand, this comparison and the improvements suggested as a result help to conceptualise environmental integration thereby paving the way for a more transparent and consistent integration of environmental protection in competition, State aid and free-movement law.
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Khammassi, Montassar. "Optimisation d’un système poly-articulé imparfait : méthode numérique multi-physique d’aide à la convergence sur le design d’une vanne multivoie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV027/document.
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La maîtrise de la gestion thermique du moteur à combustion interne permet de répondre à des problématiques telles que la réduction de la consommation de carburant et des émissions de polluants. Cette gestion peut être réalisée par des systèmes mécatroniques, plus précisément grâce à une vanne électromécanique multivoie, appelée ACT valve (Active Cooling thermo-management valve), permettant de mettre en œuvre une stratégie de gestion thermique lors du contrôle des températures dans différentes branches du circuit de refroidissement du moteur thermique.L’objectif du travail est d’améliorer la robustesse du processus de conception de cette vanne en tenant compte des contraintes fonctionnelles multi-physiques telles que la déformation, l’usure, mais aussi de contraintes de fabrication et de tolérancement géométrique liées au processus d’injection des pièces thermoplastiques. Ces incertitudes doivent être prises en compte dès la phase de la conception pour assurer l'efficacité et la fiabilité de ces vannes jusqu'à la fin de leurs vies.Ces travaux de thèses proposent tout d’abord une nouvelle méthode de conception de ces vannes qui se base sur des modèles numériques multi-physiques permettant à tous les métiers d’avoir une base de données commune. Validés expérimentalement, Ces modèles ont permis de mettre en évidence la sensibilité de certains paramètres géométriques sur le couple développé par l’actionneur de la vanne et de s’assurer de la fiabilité du système par la prédiction de l’usure sur un des éléments clés de l’ACT valve.Bien que l’analyse de sensibilité nous ait permis de comprendre l’influence de certains paramètres sur le système, nous avons proposé une nouvelle technique d’identification des configurations optimales du design de cette vanne en utilisant une méthode d’optimisation méta-heuristique multi-objectifs. Les suggestions de conception offertes par cette méthode permettent de réduire le couple résistant sur l’actionneur de la vanne ainsi que l’encombrement global du systèmeThe thermal management of the internal combustion engine can solve issues related to fuel consumption reduction and pollutant emissions. This management can be applied using mechatronic systems, more precisely thanks to a multi-way electromechanical valve, called ACT valve (Active Cooling thermo-management valve), that presents a thermal management strategy when controlling temperatures in different branches of the engine cooling circuit.The aim of this work is to improve the robustness of the design process of this valve taking into account the multi-physical functional constraints such as deformation, wear, but also geometrical tolerances constraints related to the thermoplastic parts manufacturing process. These uncertainties must be taken into account in the first steps of the design phase to ensure the effectiveness and reliability of this valve over its lifetime.This work first proposes a new method of designing these valves, which is based on multi-physical modeling, allowing the product designers to have a common database. Experimentally validated, these models made it possible to highlight the sensitivity of certain geometrical parameters on the torque developed by the actuator of the valve and to make sure of the reliability of the system with wear prediction on one of the key elements of ACT valve.Although the sensitivity analysis allowed us to understand the influence of certain parameters on the system, we proposed a new technique for identifying optimal configuration configurations of this valve using a metaheuristic, multi-objective optimization method. The design suggestions offered by this method can reduce the resistive torque on the valve DC-actuator as well as the overall packaging
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Jahn, Eric. "Essays on competitive analysis : firm strategies and market structure /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/55885964X.pdf.
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de, Vries Rowen. "An EGSnrc Monte Carlo investigation of backscattered electrons from internal shielding in clinical electron beams." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9595.
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The ability to accurately predict dose from electron backscatter created by internal lead shielding utilized during various superficial electron beam treatments (EBT), such as lip carcinoma, is required to avoid the possibility of an overdose. Methods for predicting this dose include the use of empirical equations or physically measuring the electron backscatter factor (EBF) and upstream electron backscatter intensity (EBI). The EBF and upstream EBI are defined as the ratio of dose at, or upstream, from the shielding interface with and without the shielding present respectively. The accuracy of these equations for the local treatment machines was recognised as an area that required verification; in addition the ability of XiO's electron Monte Carlo (eMC) treatment planning algorithm to handle lead interfaces was examined. A Monte Carlo simulation using the EGSnrc package of a Siemens Artiste Linac was developed for 6, 9, 12, and 15 MeV electron energies and was verified against physical measurements to within an accuracy of 2 % and 2 mm. Electron backscatter dose distributions were predicated using the MC model, Gafchromic film, and XiO eMC, which when compared showed that XiO's eMC could not accurately calculate dose at the lead interface. Several MC simulations of lead interfaces at different depths, corresponding to energies of 0.2-14 MeV at the interfaces, were used to validate the accuracy of the equations, with the results concluding that the equation could not accurately predict EBF and EBI values, especially at low energies. From this data, an equation was derived to allow estimation of the EBF and upstream EBI, which agreed to within 1.3 % for the EBF values and can predict the upstream EBI to a clinically acceptable level for all energies.
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CHUEIRI, Rodrigo Cunha. "Adimplemento substancial: análise crítica de parâmetros para aplicação no direito brasileiro." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/15668.
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RODRIGO CHUEIRI - DISSERTAÇÃO - ADIMPLEMENTO SUBSTANCIAL_ ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DE PARÂMETROS PARA APLICAÇÃO NO DIREITO BRASILEIRO (2).pdf: 1306827 bytes, checksum: 4ac8441f02e2c15234e6424dcd40daa1 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T16:58:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) RODRIGO CHUEIRI - DISSERTAÇÃO - ADIMPLEMENTO SUBSTANCIAL_ ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DE PARÂMETROS PARA APLICAÇÃO NO DIREITO BRASILEIRO (2).pdf: 1306827 bytes, checksum: 4ac8441f02e2c15234e6424dcd40daa1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-17
CAPES
A relação jurídica obrigacional não pode mais ser vista somente como relação atomizada, linear, composta pela ideia de um antagonismo protagonizado por credor e devedor. A verificação do adimplemento e do inadimplemento passa, atualmente, pela observância de direitos e deveres primários, secundários e laterais, sendo possível valorar a mora e suas consequências. Expressão disso é a teoria do adimplemento substancial, pela qual a regra contida no artigo 475, do Código Civil Brasileiro de 2002, que elenca um direito aparentemente potestativo do credor à resolução do contrato diante de inadimplemento, encontra possibilidade de mitigação. Diante de tal possibilidade, a dissertação intenciona analisar a teoria, verificando, além de sua origem, ordenamentos jurídicos que a contemplam atualmente, com a busca pelos parâmetros de aplicação ali propostos, dentre os quais o da Inglaterra, Estados Unidos da América, Alemanha, Itália e Portugal. Na posse de tais dados, foi analisada a aplicação da teoria no Brasil, constatando que se baseia na função social dos contratos e na boa-fé objetiva e apontando que a atuação do Superior Tribunal de Justiça em relação à matéria é predominantemente lastreada em um critério matemático de verificação da substancialidade do adimplemento. Por perceber que a análise puramente matemática pode não ser suficiente para a aplicação da teoria, foram elencados outros critérios, qualitativos, como tempo, local e forma da prestação, o comportamento dos contratantes, a fundamentalidade do objeto em relação aos contratantes, e, em âmbito estrangeiro e supranacional, algumas proposições interpretativas, nas quais se percebeu constante remissão ao interesse surgido da relação jurídica como parâmetro maior de verificação. Realizada incursão sobre o interesse juridicamente relevante para a relação contratual, se chegou à ideia de interesse objetivado, com grande proximidade à ideia de causa dos contratos, sob o aspecto da finalidade. Desta forma, o estudo culminou por elencar a possibilidade de manutenção da causa contratual final concreta como parâmetro último de verificação da substancialidade do adimplemento, propondo balizas interpretativas. Algumas, figurando como elementos de presença necessária, outros, de presença impeditiva à aplicação e, em uma terceira categoria, elementos auxiliares à verificação da substancialidade.
The juridical relationship concerning obligations must no longer be seen only as an atomized, linear relationship, composed by the idea of an antagonism played by creditor and debtor. The verification of performance and non-performance is currently goes through the observation of primary, secondary and side rights and duties, making it possible to assess arrearage and its consequences. An expression of this is the doctrine of the substantial performance, through which the rule contained in article 475 of Código Civil de 2002 (Brazilian Civil Code of 2002), that seemingly lists a potestative right of the creditor to cancel the contract in case of noncompliance, is susceptible of mitigation. Facing that possibility, the present dissertation intends to analyze the referred doctrine in order to verify, beyond its origin, juridical systems in which it is contemplated nowadays, such as the English, North American, German, Italian and Portuguese systems, especially in the search of application parameters that are proposed. Possessing this data, the application of the theory was analyzed in Brazil, showing it is based on the social function of contracts and on the objective good faith and also showing that the acting of the Superior Court of Justice towards the subject is mainly supported in a mathematic criterion of verification of the substantiality of the performance. After realizing that the pure mathematic analysis may not be enough for the application of the theory, other criteria was chosen, such as time, place and the ways of fulfillment, the behavior of the contractors, the fundamentality of the object in relation to the contractors and, in an international and supranational perspective, some interpretative propositions, where it was noticed the constant remission of the interest raised from the juridical relationship as main parameter of verification was shown. Once the deepening on the juridically relevant interest to the contractual relationship was accomplished, the idea of objectived interest was achieved, with great proximity to the concept of cause of contracts, under the aspect of its finality. Thereby, this study culminated in registering the possibility to maintain the final contractual concrete cause as the last parameter to verify the substantiality of the performance, with the proposition of interpretative guidelines. Some of those guidelines turned out to be elements of mandatory attendance, others which presence is impeditive to application and, as a third category, auxiliary elements to the verification of substantiality were set.
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You, Wei. "Un système à l'approche basée sur le contenu pour la recommandation personnalisée d'articles de recherche." Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1922.
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La recommandation personnalisée d'article de recherche filtre les publications selon les centres d'intérêt spécifiques en recherche des utilisateurs, et, bien menée, pourrait considérablement alléger le problème de la surcharge d'informations. Le filtrage basé sur le contenu est une solution prometteuse pour cette tâche parce qu'elle exploite efficacement la nature textuelle des articles de recherche. En général, la recommandation d'articles de recherche basée sur le contenu pose trois questions essentielles : la représentation des articles candidats, la construction du profil utilisateur, et la conception d'un modèle qui permette de comparer la représentation du contenu des articles candidats avec la représentation des intérêts de l'utilisateur cible. Dans cette thèse, nous développons tout d'abord une technique d'extraction automatique d'expressions-clés pour représenter les articles scientifiques. Cette technique améliore les approches existantes en utilisant une localisation plus précise des expressions-clés potentielles et une nouvelle stratégie pour éliminer le chevauchement dans la liste de sortie. Cette technique est un acteur majeur du système : en effet, non seulement elle fournit une représentation de l'article candidat, mais elle est également réutilisée pour la construction de l'ontologie de domaine, et pour l'analyse des articles appartenant à l'histoire des utilisateurs. Ensuite, pour la construction du profil utilisateur, nous proposons une nouvelle approche basée sur les ontologies. Le profil ontologique de l'utilisateur peut être décrit comme suit : tous les utilisateurs partagent une ontologie de domaine commune qui représente la base de connaissances des utilisateurs. Pour chaque utilisateur, nous créons alors une instance personnelle de l'ontologie étendue pour représenter ses besoins spécifiques. Cette instance personnelle contient tous les concepts intéressants pour l'utilisateur, et chaque concept est annoté par un score d'intérêt qui reflète le degré d'intérêt de l'utilisateur pour ce concept. On distingue les chercheurs chevronnés et les jeunes chercheurs en dérivant leurs intérêts en recherche individuelle à partir des différents ensembles de leur histoire. Nous utilisons également la structure des ontologies et appliquons l'algorithme de propagation nommé "spreading activation" pour déduire les intérêts possibles de l'utilisateur. Finalement, nous explorons un nouveau modèle pour produire des recommandations en recourant à la théorie Dempster-Shafer. On observe que quand un chercheur veut décider si oui ou non un article de recherche l'intéresse, il peut considérer le texte de l'article comme une suite d'expressions. Les expressions relatives à ses centres d'intérêt en recherche encouragent une lecture poussée de l'article, tandis que les expressions relevant de sujets qui ne l'intéressent pas diminuent son intérêt pour l'article. Notre modèle simule ce processus d'évaluation. Du point de vue de la théorie de croyance, les termes clés extraits à partir d'un article candidat peuvent être considérés comme des sources de croyance. A ces parts de croyance, notre modèle associe des degrés d'intérêt de l'utilisateur. Dés lors, comme ces croyances s'accumulent et se renforcent, une inclination prend forme et devient graduellement plus nette. Différentes d'autres mesures basées sur la similarité entre la représentation des articles candidats et les profils utilisateur, nos recommandations, produites en combinant toutes les parts de croyance, peuvent directement mesurer à quel point l'utilisateur pourrait être intéressé par l'article candidat. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que le système que nous avons développé surpasse la plupart des approches actuelles. De plus, la méthode proposée est suffisamment générique pour permettre la résolution d'autres tâches de recommandationPersonalized research paper recommendation filters the publications according to the specific research interests of users, which could significantly alleviate the information overload problem. Content-based filtering is a promising solution for this task because it can effectively exploit the textual-nature of research papers. A content-based recommender system usually concerns three essential issues: item representation, user profiling, and a model that provides recommendations by comparing candidate item's content representation with the target user's interest representation. In this dissertation, we first propose an automatic keyphrase extraction technique for scientific documents, which improves the existing approaches by using a more precise location for potential keyphrases and a new strategy for eliminating the overlap in the output list. This technique helps to implement the representation of candidate papers and the analysis of users' history papers. Then for modeling the users' information needs, we present a new ontology-based approach. The basic idea is that each user is represented as an instance of a domain ontology in which concepts are assigned interest scores reflecting users' degree of interest. We distinguish senior researchers and junior researchers by deriving their individual research interests from different history paper sets. We also takes advantage of the structure of the ontology and apply spreading activation model to reason about the interests of users. Finally, we explore a novel model to generate recommendations by resorting to the Dempster-Shafer theory. Keyphrases extracted from the candidate paper are considered as sources of evidence. Each of them are linked to different levels of user interest and the strength of each link is quantified. Different from other similarity measures between user profiles and candidate papers, our recommendation result produced by combining all evidence is able to directly indicate the possibility that a user might be interested in the candidate paper. Experimental results show that the system we developed for personalized research paper recommendation outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches. The proposed method can be used as a generic way for addressing different types of recommendation problems
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Hahn, de Bykhovetz Bérénice. "Les faits justificatifs de la diffamation." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020045.
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Les faits justificatifs de la diffamation témoignent de la difficile conciliation entre le droit à la protection de l’honneur et le droit à l’information. Le domaine de l’exception de vérité (art. 35 de la loi du 29 juillet 1881), délimité par trois exceptions en 1944, fut rapidement critiqué, en ce qu’il ne permettait pas la justification des imputations les plus utiles à la société. En outre, la sévérité des conditions de fond et de forme de la preuve de la vérité fit le plus souvent obstacle à la relaxe. En réaction, la jurisprudence créa le fait justificatif de la bonne foi, fondé sur quatre critères accessibles (but légitime, sérieux de l’enquête, prudence et mesure dans l’expression, défaut d’animosité personnelle et favorisant un droit du public à l’information de qualité. À la fin du XXème siècle, ce système fut profondément mis en cause, comme étant contraire à la jurisprudence de la CEDH relative à l’article 10 CESDH, laquelle impose une protection accrue des propos d’intérêt général ou politiques. En conséquence, le Conseil constitutionnel supprima deux des trois limites à l’exception de vérité, qui n’est plus interdite que dans domaine de la vie privée. Ce nouvel arbitrage entre les deux valeurs en conflit n’apparaît pas satisfaisant, d’autant que la preuve de la vérité est toujours entravée par des conditions drastiques. En 2008, la Cour de cassation intégra de manière radicale les critères strasbourgeois à sa jurisprudence sur la bonne foi. Elle se dirige aujourd’hui vers une formule plus équilibrée, fondée sur l’application proportionnelle des quatre critères traditionnels corrigés à la lumière des principes de la CEDH. Cependant, elle applique également les critères strasbourgeois à d’autres infractions attentatoires à la liberté d’expression, qui ne bénéficient pas de la structure d’accueil des faits justificatifs de la diffamation. Pour ces cas, au lieu de l’adoption du contrôle de proportionnalité envisagée, la création d’un fait justificatif générique fondé sur l’article 10 de la CESDH est proposée, plus respectueuse de la logique pénaleThe special justifications applicable to defamation bare witness to the difficult conciliation between the right to protect ones honor and the public’s right to information. The area of the defence of truth (art. 35 of the 29 July 1881), delineated by three exceptions in 1944, was rapidly critiqued, preventing the justification of some of the most socially useful imputations. Furthermore, the defence of truth was subjected to highly rigourous formal and substantial requirements that often prevented ones acquittal on the basis of that demonstration. In reaction, the case-law created another special justification for defamation, based on good faith, and founded on four accessible criterias (legitimate aim of the information, serious verification, moderation of tone and caution in the choice of words, lack of personal animosity) that favorise the public’s right to quality information. At the end of the 20th century, this system was profoundly questioned, as being against the case-law of the CEDH, that requires a stronger protection of freedom of speech (article 10 CESDH) in connexion with debates of general interest or political discussions. Consequently, the Constitutional council repealed two of the three limits within the defence of truth, which is now only forbidden in the area of ones private life. This new arbitration between the two conflicting values doesn’t seem satisfying, especially since the defence of truth is still impeded by drastic conditions. In 2008, the Court of cassation integrated in a radical manner the CEDH criterias to its case-law on good faith. The case-law today steers towards a more balanced formula, founded on a proportional application of the four traditional criterias corrected in the light of the principes of the CEDH. However, the Court of cassation equally applies the CEDH criterias to other detrimental offences towards the freedom of expression, that do not benefit from the structural support of the special justifications of defamation. For those offences, instead of adopting the envisioned control of proportionality, it is proposed to create a generic justification, founded on the article 10 of the CESDH, that would be more consistent with the logic of criminal law
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Louis-Sidney, Marguerite. "Régularisation foncière de l’occupation sans titre de la propriété des personnes publiques dans les collectivités territoriales de l’article 73 de la Constitution." Thesis, Antilles, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANTI0498.
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L’occupation sans titre porte atteinte au droit de propriété des personnes publiques sur leurs domaines public et privé. Il s’agit de faits récurrents dans les collectivités territoriales de l’article 73 de la Constitution que sont la Guadeloupe, la Martinique, la Guyane, La Réunion, et Mayotte. Pour juguler cette occupation illégale, vectrice d’insécurité juridique et foncière, nonobstant l’atteinte portée à leur droit de propriété, ces personnes publiques procèdent à des régularisations foncières axées sur la délivrance ou la validation d’un titre de propriété au profit des occupants sans titre de leur domaine public, dont la zone des cinquante pas géométriques, grâce à des dispositifs légaux, et de leur domaine privé, grâce à des dispositifs locaux. Ces procédures de régularisation sont-elles appropriées pour répondre de manière définitive à l’objectif du législateur de juguler l’occupation sans titre outre-mer, dans les collectivités territoriales de l’article 73 de la Constitution, et ne constituent-t-elles pas la légitimation d’une atteinte portée au droit de propriété des personnes publiques = ? Devant la persistance de l’occupation sans titre outre-mer, il conviendrait de passer d’une régularisation foncière à moyens inégaux à une régularisation d’intérêt public, mieux encadrée. La régularisation foncière est une limite nécessaire au droit de propriété, dont le fondement est dans la volonté du propriétaire, dans l’intérêt public, voire dans l’utilité publique. Adossée au respect de la dignité humaine et au droit au logement digne, elle induit une amélioration de ses outils, et contribue à l’émergence d’un véritable droit de la régularisation foncière outre-merUntitled occupancy infringes the property rights of public persons in their public and private domains. These are recurrent facts in the local authorities of Article 73 of the Constitution: Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyana, Reunion, and Mayotte. To curb this illegal occupation, which is the vector of legal and land insecurity, notwithstanding the infringement of their property rights, these public persons carry out land regularizations focused on the issuance or validation of a title of property for the benefit of untitled people of their public domain, including the fifty geometric steps zone, through legal arrangements, and their private domain, through local arrangements. However, the question is: are these regularization procedures appropriate to definitively respond to Parliament's objective of curbing untitled overseas occupation in local authorities of Article 73 of the Constitution and, on the contrary, do they not constitute the legitimization of an infringement on the property rights of public persons? Given the persistence of untitled occupation overseas, it would be appropriate to move from unequal land regularization to public interest land regularization, better regulated. Land regularization is a necessary limit to the right of ownership, the basis of which is in the will of the owner, in the public interest, or even in the public utility. Backed by respect for human dignity and the right to dignified housing, it leads to an improvement in its tools, and contributes to the emergence of a real right of land regularization overseas
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Modarresi, Fereshteh. "Bare nouns in Persian." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17366.
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Diese Dissertation untersucht das variable Verhalten von sogenannten „bare nouns“ (Nominale ohne Artikel) im Persischen. Dieses Verhalten kann jedoch nicht verstanden werden ohne eine Reihe von entscheidenden Eigenschaften der persischen Satzstruktur zu betrachten. Dazu gehören Informationsstruktur, Prosodie und Wortstellung, sowie die semantischen und syntaktischen Funktionen verschiedener morphologischer Markierungen im Persischen. Die vorliegende Dissertation kann daher zum besseren Verständnis von satzinterner Syntax, Semantik und Prosodie des Persischen beitragen. Ich beginne meine Untersuchung mit dem Vergleich der BNs in verschiedenen Positionen mit Nominalen, die mit verschiedenen Morphemen gekennzeichnet sind. Die quasi-inkorporierten Nominale im Persischen scheinen zur Klasse der diskursintransparenten inkorporierenden Sprachen zu gehören. Doch dies scheint nicht immer zu stimmen, unter bestimmten Umständen zeigen persische BNs Diskurstransparenz. In Kapitel 3 untersuche ich daher, unter welchen Umständen BNs Diskurstransparenz zeigen und warum. In Kapitel 3 präsentiere ich einen Alternativvorschlag zu Farkas & de Swart, in dem ich darlege, dass ein BN tatsächlich einen neuen Diskursreferenten einführt. Aber der Numerus von BNs ist neutral (numerusneutralen Diskursreferenten).In der zweiten Hälfte der Dissertation wird die Interpretation von BNs in verschiedenen Positionen und mit unterschiedlichen grammatischen Funktionen diskutiert. Kapitel 4 konzentriert sich auf BNs in Objektposition. Wir stellen einen direkten Vergleich an zwischen BNs als tatsächliche BNs, d.h. Nominale, die nicht mit einem Morphem markiert sind, und Kontexten, in denen sie mit dem Morphem -ra auftreten. Ich werde argumentieren, dass -ra lediglich markiert, dass ein BN oder auch ein anderes Nominal nicht in seiner VP-internen Position interpretiert, sondern in eine VP-externe Domäne bewegt wird. Das bedeutet, das Morphem -ra ist ein syntaktisches Morphem auf Phrasenebene.This thesis explores the variable behavior of bare nouns in Persian. Bare singular nouns realize different grammatical functions, including subject, object and indirect object. They receive different interpretations, including generic, definite and existential readings. However, the task of understanding the reasons for, and limits on, this variation cannot be achieved without understanding a number of pivotal features of Persian sentential architecture, including Information Structure, prosody, word order, and the functions of various morphological markers in Persian. With respect to the discourse transparency of Incorporated Nominals, under certain circumstances, Persian bare nouns show discourse transparency. These circumstances are examined in chapter 3, and it is proposed that bare nouns do introduce a number neutral discourse referent. This proposal is phrased within Discourse Representation Theory. In the second half of the dissertation, the interpretation of bare nouns in different positions and with different grammatical functions are discussed. Under the independently supported hypothesis of position>interpretation mapping developed by Diesing (1992), we will see the role of the suffix -ra in indicating that an object has been moved out of VP. For subjects, there is no morphological marking corresponding to –ra on objects, and we have to rely on prosody and word order to determine how a VP is interpreted using theories of the interaction of accent and syntactic structure. It is proposed that both subject and object originate within the VP, and can move out to the VP-external domain. The motivation for these movements are informational-structural in nature, relating in particular to the distinctions between given and new information, and default and non-default information structure.
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Ciappuccini, Renaud. "Apport de l'imagerie fonctionnelle par TEMP/TDM et TEP/TDM dans la prise en charge des cancers différenciés de la thyroïde Incremental Value of a Dedicated Head and Neck Acquisition during 18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Full text links full-text provider logo Actions Favorites Share Page navigation Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement Figures Similar articles Cited by References Related information LinkOut - more resources EJNMMI Res . 2018 Dec 3;8(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s13550-018-0461-x. Optimization of a dedicated protocol using a small-voxel PSF reconstruction for head-and-neck 18 FDG PET/CT imaging in differentiated thyroid cancer 78 Lymph node involvement in head-and-neck and thyroid cancers with digital PET/CT: the impact of ultra-high definition voxels and point-spread function Tumor burden of persistent disease in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: correlation with postoperative risk-stratification and impact on outcome 133 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT is a highly sensitive but poorly specific tool for identifying malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology: The Chocolate study PSMA expression in neovasculature of persistent/recurrent differentiated thyroid cancerin the neck: relationship with radioiodine uptake, 18Fluorodeoxyglucose avidity and outcome." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC424.
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L’imagerie scintigraphique des cancers thyroïdiens différenciés (CTD) présente la particularité d’utiliser deux radiopharmaceutiques, l’iode 131 (131I) et le 18-Fluorodésoxyglucose (18FDG). La fixation de ces traceurs dépend habituellement du degré de différenciation et de l’agressivité de la tumeur. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’apport de différents aspects techniques et d’instrumentation, à savoir l’imagerie hybride par TEMP/TDM et TEP/TDM, la point-spread function (PSF), la taille des voxels et la technologie TEP digitale, et d’explorer si d’autres traceurs TEP pouvaient présenter un intérêt. Le but de la première partie était d’étudier les performances de la TEP/TDM au 18FDG à l’étage cervical pour la détection de la maladie ganglionnaire. Une acquisition TEP/TDM dédiée a amélioré la détection de la maladie tumorale par rapport à l’acquisition classique. L’utilisation de la PSF a permis de détecter des tailles de lésions plus petites et la durée optimale de cette acquisition a été évaluée. Des reconstructions avec des tailles de voxels ultra-fines ont été réalisées sur TEP digitale pour étudier l’impact de la PSF et des voxels ultra-fins sur les données quantitatives. La seconde partie a porté sur l’imagerie 131I-TEMP/TDM et 18FDG-TEP/TDM, afin de quantifier le volume de la maladie persistante. Il a ainsi été montré que la masse tumorale était corrélée au risque post-opératoire et avait un impact sur la réponse au traitement. L’objectif de la troisième partie était d’étudier un autre traceur TEP, la 18-Fluorocholine (FCH), ainsi qu’un marqueur de la néovascularisation, l’antigène membranaire spécifique de la prostate (PSMA). Nos données suggèrent qu’un examen TEP à la FCH négatif au sein d’un nodule thyroïdien à cytologie indéterminée permettrait d’éliminer la malignité, et pourrait éviter des chirurgies inutiles. Par ailleurs, le marquage au PSMA évalué par immunohistochimie dans les néo-vaisseaux est associé à des facteurs de mauvais pronostic. D’autres études sont nécessaires pour confirmer l’intérêt éventuel des examens TEP à la FCH et au 68Ga-PSMA en oncologie thyroïdienneRadioiodine (131I) and 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) are two radiopharmaceuticals used for scintigraphic imaging in differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC). Tumour uptake of each tracer depends on tumour differentiation and aggressiveness. Our goal was to further assess various technical aspects in DTC imaging workup, such as SPECT/CT and PET/CT, point-spread function (PSF), voxel size, digital PET, and to explore further other PET tracers. The aim of the first part was to assess the performance of 18FDG PET/CT for the detection of neck lymph node involvement. A dedicated PET/CT acquisition improved tumour detection compared to the whole-body acquisition. PSF reconstruction allowed detection of smaller cancer deposits and the optimal acquisition duration time was assessed. Using digital PET acquisitions, ultra-thin voxels reconstructions were performed. The impact of ultra-thin voxels and PSF on quantitative values was evaluated. The second part focused on 131I-SPECT/CT and 18FDG-PET/CT imaging, in an attempt to assess tumour burden of persistent disease. Tumor burden was correlated with the postoperative risk and affected the response to therapy. In the third part, another PET tracer, i.e. 18-Fluorocholine (FCH), and a marker of neovasculature, i.e. prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), were studied. FCH PET/CT offered high negative predictive value to reliably exclude cancer in PET-negative nodules with indeterminate cytology and might prevent unnecessary surgeries. Also, PSMA expression assessed with immunohistochemistry was associated with poor prognosis factors. Further studies are needed to confirm new insights of FCH PET and 68Ga-PSMA PET in DTC
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Wang, Nan. "Control of internet search engines in China : a study on Google and Baidu. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Computing at Unitec New Zealand /." Diss., 2008. http://www.coda.ac.nz/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1014&context=unitec_scit_di.
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Elian, Ryan. "Online community supporting trading functions in an online auction website. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master Computing Systems, Unitec New Zealand /." Diss., 2007. http://www.coda.ac.nz/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=unitec_scit_di.
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Missula, Saroja. "Staff perceptions of Blackboard as an online tool in tertiary education. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Computing, Unitec New Zealand /." Diss., 2008. http://www.coda.ac.nz/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=unitec_scit_di.
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Chen, Po-An, and 陳柏安. "Analyzing the Relations Between the Media Reality and the Virtual Objective Reality In the Internet Detectives' article─A Case of Malaysia Airlines MH370 and MH17." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24mwme.
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碩士世新大學
廣播電視電影學研究所(含碩專班)
103
In the modern technology society, the Internet Detectives use the Net to research the incident and its following development. Then, they make their viewpoints of the Virtual Objective Reality. The Virtual Objective Reality is different from the Adoni and Mane’s Social Construction of Reality. It is the method that the Internet Detectives not only utilize the Net to share, search, and deliver messages, but also build a path for readers in understanding the real world. The study uses Adoni and Mane’s Social Construction of Reality as basic structure, with Castells’s Information Society to re-examine the changes in the theory of Social Construction of Reality. In order to know the construction of the Virtual Objective Reality ‘s paths and ways which are analyzed by the Internet Detectives, the study will discuss the Internet Detectives’ quality and the triangular relationship of the Social Construction of Reality, and then probe into the relationship between the Virtual Objective Reality and the Media Reality at first. The research classified those texts which are collected by researchers as the science, the supernatural, the international situation and the self-speculation, etc. According to language mechanism of vocabulary, grammar and rhetoric as the analytical framework, the study uses textual analysis to explore: How the Internet Detectives construct the Virtual Objective Reality by diverting from the Media Reality? How the Internet Detectives inquire the truth of events? How to win the trust of readers by constructing the Virtual Objective Reality? The study found that Internet Detectives who hold the science, the supernatural, the international situation and self-speculation will be based on a different language mechanism to construct the truth. The Virtual Objective Reality and the Media Reality have mutual relationship, like misappropriated content, project, and self-speculation, etc. Four relationships not only illustrate the relationship between the Internet detective real and the Virtual Objective Reality, but also change the original theory of Adoni and Mane’s Construction of reality.
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Chen, Kuo-Hsuan, and 陳國瑄. "Integrating Article Push Trusts and Friend Interest Relations for Trust Network Based Blog Article Recommendations." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49562505015955572274.
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碩士國立交通大學
資訊管理研究所
99
With the new generation of web-based communities, Web2.0, everyone can make a comment or share information via a blog website. However, with the rapid growth of blog articles that are produced every day, people are facing the problem of information overload. The Social bookmarking website provides users functions to post and push (recommend) articles and shows article push counts to help solve this problem, but it still cannot recommend articles to users based their personal interests. Accordingly, providing users with blog articles that suit their interests is an important issue. Existing researches on trust-network based recommendations mainly use explicitly specified relationship trust or users’ past rating data to predict trustworthiness between users and make recommendations. Very little research addresses the issues of trust propagations and recommendations based on the hybrid of trustworthiness derived from users’ past push behaviors and friend-interest relations. In this work, we propose a novel hybrid trust network, which is constructed by combining two kinds of trust link. Push-following trust links are derived based on users’ post/push-behaviors. Friend-Similarity trust links are derived from the friend relations with the consideration of user preference similarity. In addition, we also derive user reputations by considering the number of following push after users’ post/push. A novel recommendation method, which combines the hybrid trust network and user reputations with user-based collaborative filtering, is proposed to recommend desirable articles satisfying personal interests. Our proposed method uses a dataset collected from the social bookmarking website funP to derive the push-following trustworthiness and friend interest relations. The experiment results demonstrate that our proposed method performs better than conventional approaches in recommending bog articles.