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Journal articles on the topic 'Internet in cartography'
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1
Green, David R. "Cartography and the Internet." Cartographic Journal 34, no. 1 (June 1997): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/caj.1997.34.1.23.
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P. Peterson, Michael. "Research challenges in internet cartography." Information Design Journal 17, no. 2 (November 13, 2009): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.17.2.08pet.
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Meng, Liqiu. "Four Persistent Research Questions in Cartography." Kartografija i geoinformacije 17, no. 29 (June 30, 2018): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32909/kg.17.29.1.
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In recent decades, cartography has experienced a number of paradigm changes seen in refreshed research agendas and renewed education programs. Yet cartography remains the science, art and technology of making and using maps. This paper addresses four persistent research questions in cartography: 1 ) What is a map? 2) What are maps made for? 3) How are maps made? and 4) Who is making maps? Based on a retrospective analysis of cartographic advances since the introduction of the Internet in the early 1990s, the author gives an overview of evolution with regard to map types, map affordances, mapmaking workflows and the roles of mapmakers and map users. While some cartographic principles used since ancient times will continue to serve as anchor points for future development, ever-changing technological potentials and user requirements force us to maintain vitality with more and more innovative maps and map-based services. The author also appeals for a sustainable map creation ecosystem supported by cloud computing platforms.
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Peterson, Michael P. "Trends in Internet and Ubiquitous Cartography." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 61 (September 1, 2008): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp61.213.
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The widespread distribution of maps through the Internet is a direct result of the introduction of the World Wide Web in the early 1990s. The mobile Web, enabled through cell phones, is now creating an even more ubiquitous map form. These methods of map distribution facilitate greater access to spatial information, increased levels of interactivity with maps, real-time locational information, and greater integration of multimedia content through pictures, sound, and video. While normally not networked, GPS navigation devices have also changed the map-use landscape. Examined here are the current trends in online- and cell-phone-delivered maps.
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Konicek, Jakub. "Key milestones of infographics evolution in cartography." Abstracts of the ICA 2 (October 9, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-2-29-2020.
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Abstract. Infographic is a popular term which resonates quite significantly in the world of the Internet for a long time. It became a very often used phrase not only in various forums, blogs, and websites, but also turned into a part of the scientific research presentation and later as a field of study in (not only) cartographic visualization as well. Either, the cartography is no exception. Many cartographers practically used this term and its generally known principles. Nevertheless, principles and its well-known essence are not officially and uniformly defined yet.The paper aims to present the evolution of infographics in time and its intersection and the usage focusing on cartography. The main aim is to figure out trends and milestones which are noticeable from the gradual evolution of infographics. The interests and activities of the professional scientific groups of the International Cartographic Association, as well as the thematic focus of the papers at the annual international conferences, confirm the growing popularity of the professional public.The case study figures out, through practical examples, when infographic has become a valuable part of cartographic creation and subject of study in cartographic research. Based on the available literature, professionally oriented forums and thematically focused articles at the Web of Science, the paper seeks to show an extended view of infographics. According to trendsetters, it is a popular design concept, nevertheless, it is still not given significant scientific attention from a professional point of view.The motivation for this research is to compile an evolution timeline of infographics, describe significant trends and define key milestones influencing its development, especially in the field of practical usage in cartography.
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Robinson, Anthony C., and Jonathan K. Nelson. "Evaluating Maps in a Massive Open Online Course." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 80 (October 28, 2015): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp80.1299.
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New forms of cartographic education are becoming possible with the synthesis of easy to use web GIS tools and learning platforms that support online education at a massive scale. The internet classroom can now support tens of thousands of learners at a time, and while some common types of assessments scale very easily, others face significant hurdles. A particular concern for the cartographic educator is the extent to which original map designs can be evaluated in a massive open online course (MOOC). Based on our experiences in teaching one of the first MOOCs on cartography, we explore the ways in which very large collections of original map designs can be assessed. Our methods include analysis of peer grades and qualitative feedback, visual techniques to explore design methods, and quantitative comparison between expert ratings and peer grades. The results of our work suggest key challenges for teaching cartography at scale where instructors cannot provide individual feedback for every student.
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Korycka-Skorupa, Jolanta. "Unusual Graphic Solutions and Their Place in Classification of Cartographic Presentation Methods." Miscellanea Geographica 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2008): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2008-0029.
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Abstract Examples of unusual and unconventional graphic solutions which we can often find in the times of fast developing computer technology are discussed in the article. Many of them are suggested by various GIS programs, few of them may be found in the press or on the Internet. This means that their users are people who are not associated with cartography and who are not familiar with the framework of cartographic methods.
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Peterson, Michael P. "Cartography and the Internet: Introduction and Research Agenda." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 26 (March 1, 1997): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp26.716.
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The Internet is helping to redefine how maps are used. Maps are now delivered to the user in a fraction of the time required to distribute maps on paper allowing them to be viewed in a more timely fashion. Weather maps, for example, are posted on an hourly basis. Most importantly, maps on the Internet are more interactive. They are accessed through a hyperlinking structure that makes it possible to engage the map user on a higher-level than is possible with a map on paper. Finally, the Internet is ma.king the distribution of cartographic animations possible. The Internet presents cartographers with a faster method of map distribution, different forms of mapping, and new areas of research.
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Su, De Guo, Liang Wang, Xi Min Cui, and De Bao Yuan. "Active Online Thematic Map Cartography Based on Network." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 4466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.4466.
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This paper analyzes two important problems of thematic map cartography facing, namely which technique solution is appropriate and how to simplify the cartography process. Firstly, contrasts some popular technique solutions of thematic map, and points out the bottlenecks and inconveniences of thematic map cartography process nowadays, then brings out active online thematic map cartography based on the technique solution of RIA (Rich Internet Applications). In addition, this paper gives out RIA-based implementation framework of active online thematic maps mapping, which is contrasted with RIA-based implementation framework of general online thematic maps mapping, and main methods of building knowledge of active cartography of thematic map.
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Brokou, Despina, Athanasia Darra, and Marinos Kavouras. "The new role of cartography in modern tourism." AGILE: GIScience Series 2 (June 4, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-2-19-2021.
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Abstract. Cartography and maps have historically been valuable tools for tourism and travellers. In the pre-COVID era, tourism had been rapidly growing worldwide. supported by all the newest developments in information and communications technology (ICT). This fact raises concerns about its potential negative impact on tourist destinations. Sustainable management of tourist destinations is thus becoming necessary and stakeholders and individuals are already developing relevant initiatives and actions where cartography and geospatial information could play a special role.The profile of the modern traveller, however, is concurrently also rapidly changing. Modern travellers now have a wealth of internet resources available to them to aid them in selecting a tourist destination and planning a trip. Online maps are an example of such resources and are usually products of the so-called “new cartography”. The aim of this paper is to present the way in which tourist destinations are presented on the web through maps, what kind of geospatial information these maps contain, whether they follow cartographic standards and lastly, whether they provide an integrated presentation of the destination supporting sustainable management and satisfying the demands of the modern traveller.
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Harrower, Mark, C. Peter Keller, and Diana Hocking. "Cartography on the Internet: Thoughts and a Preliminary User Survey." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 26 (March 1, 1997): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp26.718.
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Thjs paper reviews the design and delivery of maps through the Internet. The paper also reports on the finclings of a pilot study undertaken to solicit user reactions to a set of Internet maps, to test whether professional geographers and non-geographers judge Internet maps differently, and to identify key issues in cartography related to the Internet. The study concentrates on Internet maps for tourism and travel. The paper does not offer defirutive conclusions, but instead attempts to raise questions and methodological issues, and to stimulate debate.
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Zanina, T. A., and A. P. Kopytko. "CARTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION OF COPYRIGHTABLE OBJECTS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 15 (November 30, 2016): 360–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2015.45.
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The article deals with the notions of cartographic items, their varieties, subjects of the copyright thereon. Cartographic items include items of any material form with a cartographic image. The copyright covers cartographic images regardless of their purposes, topics, content, merits, volume as well as the way of reproduction: in a graphic, digital or any other form. Copyright protection covers both primary, original cartographic items, and items that were received as the result of a creative modification that led to significant changes in the content or form. The most common infringements of copyright in cartography include: illegal, without the permission of the author use of a cartographic base; conversion of the original cartographic item into a digital form without the permission of the author and its introduction in commercial circulation; the use of a cartopgraphic base as an advertising element; the use and illegal uploading of cartopgraphic products on the Internet.
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Ramanathan, Alagappan, and Sangeetha Abdu Jyothi. "Nautilus: A Framework for Cross-Layer Cartography of Submarine Cables and IP Links." Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems 7, no. 3 (December 7, 2023): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3626777.
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Submarine cables constitute the backbone of the Internet. However, these critical infrastructure components are vulnerable to several natural and man-made threats, and during failures, are difficult to repair in remote oceans. In spite of their crucial role, we have a limited understanding of the impact of submarine cable failures on global connectivity, particularly on the higher layers of the Internet. In this paper, we present Nautilus, a framework for cross-layer cartography of submarine cables and IP links. Using a corpus of public datasets and Internet cartographic techniques, Nautilus identifies IP links that are likely traversing submarine cables and maps them to one or more potential cables. Nautilus also gives each IP to cable assignment a prediction score that reflects the confidence in the mapping. Nautilus generates a mapping for 3.05 million and 1.43 million IPv4 and IPv6 links, respectively, spanning 91% of all active cables. In the absence of ground truth data, we validate Nautilus mapping using three techniques: analyzing past cable failures, using targeted traceroute measurements, and comparing with public network maps of two operators.
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Ramanathan, Alagappan, and Sangeetha Abdu Jyothi. "Nautilus: A Framework for Cross-Layer Cartography of Submarine Cables and IP Links." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 52, no. 1 (June 11, 2024): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3673660.3655068.
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Submarine cables constitute the backbone of the Internet. However, these critical infrastructure components are vulnerable to several natural and man-made threats, and during failures, are difficult to repair in remote oceans. In spite of their crucial role, we have a limited understanding of the impact of submarine cable failures on global connectivity, particularly on the higher layers of the Internet. In this paper, we present Nautilus, a framework for cross-layer cartography of submarine cables and IP links. Using a corpus of public datasets and Internet cartographic techniques, Nautilus identifies IP links that are likely traversing submarine cables and maps them to one or more potential cables. Nautilus also gives each IP to cable assignment a prediction score that reflects the confidence in the mapping. Nautilus generates a mapping for 3.05 million and 1.43 million IPv4 and IPv6 links, respectively, spanning 91% of all active cables. In the absence of ground truth data, we validate Nautilus mapping using three techniques: analyzing past cable failures, using targeted traceroute measurements, and comparing with public network maps of two operators.
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Gartner, Georg. "About the Quality of Maps." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 30 (June 1, 1998): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp30.662.
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Periodically throughout history, advances in technology have affected cartography. Some current forces for change in cartography are interactivity, multimedia, computer-animation and the Internet. Cartographers complain of a missing quality in the maps associated with this new technology. This paper examines the meaning of quality in cartography. It is argued that only when terms such as quality are understood in a larger, external context can the goal of map-making- making better maps - be pursued. This includes esthetical and cognitive aspects as well as aspects of communication, GIS and geographic visualization.
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Candra, Rudi Arif, Arie Budiansyah, Taufiq Abdul Gani, Dirja Nur Ilham, and Siti Rusdiana. "Animated Pathway Interactive Map." SinkrOn 4, no. 1 (October 28, 2019): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v4i1.10394.
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A map is one of the cartographic scientific products that is used as a guide to access locations or places. The use of information technology and computer systems in cartography can increase the value of map products to be interactive and can be accessed online via the internet. This interactive map of the Unsyiah Director Office building is the development of an interactive map product of the author with the addition of an animated pathway from the reference point to the location point. With these additions, it will be easier for visitors to access the location
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Gartner, Georg, Menno-Jan Kraak, Dirk Burghardt, Liqiu Meng, Juliane Cron, Corné van Elzakker, and Britta Ricker. "Envisioning the future of academic cartographic education." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-89-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Why do we teach cartography? The need for cartographic education:</p><p>In our day to day life, on an individual or societal level there is a continual need or even demand for geospatial information. On an individual level this need is expressed by questions like: Where am I?, How far away is my new doctor’s office?, Which route should I take to get to my destination based on current traffic patterns? Other questions may include: What is the spatial extent of my land parcel? What do I have permission to build on my parcel? On a societal level questions include: What cities suffer from high unemployment? What are the most efficient spots to build a new wind farm? Where is the optimal place to build a new road without fragmenting important species habitats? To offer answers to these questions, geographic information systems (GIS) including tools and instruments have been developed. The most important communication tool to foster decision making, as part of a GIS, is the map. Reality is too complex to comprehend with the naked eye. Therefore patterns are often missed, maps and other cartographic models are an interface between humans and the reality used to abstract, symbolized, a simplify view of the world. These maps then allow us to view spatial patterns and relationships between objects in the world. The world cannot do without maps. Why? Because they tell us about spatial issues on both local and global scale that influence our lives. How? Maps are the most effective and the most efficient tools to into and overview of geographical data which help us answer spatio-temporal questions and to provide new insight.</p><p> </p><p>What is ongoing in our world? Trends in our domain: yesterday, today and tomorrow:</p><p>Looking at the timeline of our domain, cartography, we could argue that after a long period where maps where seen as artifacts, maps are now considered to be interactive and dynamic (web) services, and in the near future we move to human centered cognitive map displays that are immersive and ubiquitous. Yesterday, the map could be considered an artifact, a static object, on paper or on a screen. The map stores the information and can no longer be changed. The user did not play a prominent role in map design. Today, with the internet, there has been a huge increase in data access and generation resulting in maps being produced and used especial to satisfy individual location-based queries such as ’Where am I right now’ and ‘How-do-I-get-there?’ questions. Societal questions are answered by maps available via automated services accessible via dedicated portals. Today maps are no longer artifacts, but provided as a digital map services. However, tomorrow the map will yet again be different. We are able to sense and monitor the world real time and ubiquitously, including human users’ spatial abilities, emotions, needs and requirements. With developments in interface design including more opportunities for 3d/4d/Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality Human-Computer-Interfaces are becoming even "closer" to our human processing system. Maps will increasingly become human-centered, highly interactive, dynamic and adjustable visual displays.</p><p> </p><p>Purpose: What are the cartographic consequences of these developments? Required cartographic competences:</p><p> The above developments have resulted in the expansion of what define the existing established cartographic method: making geospatial data and information accessible for users to foster discovery and insight into and overview of spatiotemporal data. Map design, including fundamentals such as projection, scale, generalization and symbolization, remain core to cartography. Yesterday, cartographic education was focused on how to optimally create fixed graphical representations at a defined scale constrained by the media, but with an eye for syntactical as well as graphical/aesthetical quality. Today knowledge and skills cartographers require have expanded, and they include an understanding of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) that house Big Data and Data Science, Web Services, Programming, Style Definitions, Algorithms, Semantic web and Linked Data and Interactivity and other relevant technological skills. Increasingly, more attention has also been, and will have to be, paid to use and user (requirement) analysis and usability assessment. Users will simple not use cartographic services that are not enjoyable and do not help them meet their goals. We will continue to conduct usability evaluations in new sensing and map display environments. Based on technological advances and social uptake thereof, tomorrow will yet again ask for an adaption of the cartographic education and research dealing more and more with the "human" embodied experience.</p><p> Figure 1a shows the relation among the current skills and competences a cartographer needs. In the center of the triangle the map and the cartographic method. Data, Media and Users are found around. Knowledge and skills about data handling refer to selection, integration and abstraction, as well as analysis. Media skills and knowledge are about the interface, interaction, adapted design, technology and coding. Users refers to usability (enjoyment), cognition, perception, sensors (robots) and requirements. In Figure 1b the changing paradigm of the map as interface between human and reality as seen yesterday, today and tomorrow.</p><p> How do we do it? Our MSc Cartography:</p><p>The Erasmus Mundus Master of Science in Cartography program is characterized by its worldwide unique profile and comprehensive and in-depth cartographic lectures and lab works. All four partner universities (see involved authors) jointly developed and defined the learning outcomes after intensive cooperation and consultation. The program takes all theoretical as well as practical aspects of the broad and interdisciplinary field of cartography into account. Graduates of the program are able to meet the variety of requirements placed on a cartographer today. </p><p>An obvious strength of this program is the clear research-driven orientation of selected lectures, e.g. visual analytics, web and mobile cartography and the close binding of M.Sc. topics to ongoing research projects. Students in the Cartography program learn how to develop and evaluate cartographic tools on the basis of firmly established theories and methods. The focus lays in developing and applying scientific methods and techniques to improve geo-information services for a diverse range of heterogeneous users.</p><p> Another added value of the program is its educational execution in locations across Europe, a historic center of excellence in the field of cartography, integrating it within interdisciplinary fields. Excellently educated students from this program will fill the gaps not only in the cartographic research community and geosciences, but also in other related research fields that address the global challenges as defined by bodies like the United Nations or the European Union.</p>
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Pizzolotto, Roberto. "Tracing the Scientific Trajectory of Volunteered Cartography: The Case of OpenStreetMap." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2022): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070410.
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Where the streets have no name is probably the preferred place for a volunteer OpenStreetMapper. Launched in 2004, the Open Street Map project aimed to share geographical data based on volunteer mapping and led to the collection of geographical data from almost every country in the world within fifteen years. The increased dissemination of cartographic data via the Internet has been helpful in real life, socially, and has resulted in the number of published documents increasing rapidly. To evaluate the impact of volunteered cartography on scientific research, a science mapping approach was applied to the published literature on the Open Street Map project on the basis of co-occurrence and co-citation analyses, which showed that the main themes (conceptual network) were of technical relevance, collaboration among scholars and among institutes (social network) was not strong, and knowledge and ideas circulated within a limited network. In this study, documents published by OpenStreetMappers were analysed for the first time; thus, it was possible to highlight gaps in volunteered cartography and to discuss further improvements to the Open Street Map project.
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Pędzich, Paweł. "From cartography of the Universe to molecular cartography – the use of map projections." Polish Cartographical Review 47, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcr-2015-0014.
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Abstract Map projections are very important in the compilation of various types of maps and spatial databases. Geographical information systems provide their users with the significant opportunities in the choice of map projections, coordinate systems, their definitions and transitions between them. The role of map projection can be considered depending on an objective, for which a map has to be used, user of this map and a form of its publication. The Internet, mobile devices and GIS caused that the map projections are used for two main purposes: data visualization and performing of calculations and analyses. The role of map projections is still important, despite the changes occurring in cartography. The rules for the applications of map projections developed over the centuries are still valid. However, the new rules resulting from the new functions of map projections are also created. The aim of this article, that is the author’s overview of map projections, is to illustrate the broad spectrum of applications for the map projections.
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Schulz, Marc, Julian Huiber, and Temenoujka Bandrova. "A set of criteria for evaluating map application design in a mobile environment." Proceedings of the ICA 4 (December 3, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-4-97-2021.
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Abstract. With the appearance of smartphones and affordable mobile phone plans including (internet) data within the last decade, mobile cartography in the sense of map applications became available to a wide user group including professionals and non-professionals. This paper defines the field of mobile cartography, deals with new research areas and prerequisites concerning mobile cartography and a set of criteria for evaluating map applications has been derived. For this work, the criteria have been applied to several map applications in order to evaluate them and present recent features and possible actions. In particular, the focus has been set on high-quality map applications for Austria and on novel navigation and routing capabilities. Results showed that the guideline presented in this paper can already be well applied but can still be improved upon.
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Räber, Stefan, and Lorenz Hurni. "Kaleidoscope of Swiss Cartography." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-305-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Motivation</p><p>In 2015/2016 the Zentralbibliothek Zürich (ZB, Zurich Central Library) and the Swiss Society of Cartography (SSC) presented a map blog to mark the 2015/16 International Map Year. In this weekly blog, cartographer and map librarian Markus Oehrli described and commented on 70 known and less-known Swiss map documents. In 2017, the map history journal Cartographica Helvetica published 58 of these 70 map documents in a special issue. In 2019, SSC will translate the blog into English, which will be published in its publication series to mark the 50th anniversary of the society.</p><p>During the 2015/16 International Map Year, which was initiated and proclaimed by the ICA, national cartographic societies were encouraged to organise various kinds of public activities and events as part of this worldwide celebration of maps. The SSC coordinated and organised more than 20 of these events within Switzerland. The “Karte der Woche” (Map of the week) blog, which was offered an in-depth and sometimes surprising look at Swiss cartography, was received with much enthusiasm by the general public and experts alike. During the 70-week map year (between August 2015 and December 2016), the blog provided a comprehensive profile of Swiss map-making on the website http://cartography.ch.</p><p>Map year blog: 70 maps in 70 weeks</p><p>The documents presented in the blog cover both current and historical productions evenly. The oldest map dates from before the year 900 and the most recent from 2016. The exhibits include traditional maps for which Swiss cartography is widely known and world-renowned, i.e. topographical maps, hiking maps, city maps, road maps, bird’s-eye views, statistical maps, and school maps. A relief model, a horizontal panorama, a pictorial map, an infographic and numerous thematic maps relating to folklore, navigation, archaeology, sport, etc. are also to be found. Furthermore, geo-media is also represented and includes such as maps produced by means of geographical information systems and web map mashups. In contrast, techniques that have almost been forgotten today, such as typometry and map printing on silk, are also presented. A very special historic piece is the 16th century globe by Abraham Gessner which can also be used as a drinking cup. There are even maps of subterranean and lunar worlds or maps of imaginary places. Some of the authors or producers of the presented documents are well-known cartographic publishers and federal institutions, but some are little known individuals working away on their own. Besides trained cartographers, the blog also features work by a priest, a spy and an artist.</p><p>For the purpose of this blog, only maps created by Swiss authors or published by a Swiss publishing house were selected. Another selection criterion was the fair balance among the different regions in Switzerland. All parts of the country and almost all cantons feature at least once. In order to document the global network of Swiss cartography, about a third of the presented documents also show areas outside of the country’s borders.</p><p>The blog offers plenty of background information and is spiced with a pinch of humour, without ever losing sight of the central theme – Swiss cartography. The individual blog texts were researched and written by Markus Oehrli who is a long-standing SSC member. The pictures have been published with the consent of the copyright holders. Where possible, a link within the blog refers to a high-resolution image or to an interactive map application on the Internet. The first blog entry was published on 4 September 2015 and each further blog was released every Friday until 30 December 2016.</p><p>Special issue – Kaleidoskop der Schweizer Kartografie (Kaleidoscope of Swiss Cartography) in German</p><p>In 2017, Cartographica Helvetica, the leading German-language journal for map history, devoted a 64-page special issue to the map blog. Under the title “Kaleidoskop der Schweizer Kartografie” (“Kaleidoscope of Swiss Cartography”), a selection of 58 documents from the blog were printed in the issue in a new, innovative way, both in terms of graphics and content. In addition, this edition of Cartographica Helvetica was published in digitized form on the Swiss journal repository e-periodica.ch. It is free to access and offers features such as full text search, an advanced search using various filters, the ability to browse page by page, the enlargement of pages up to about 600%, download possibility for all pages and all articles as PDF documents. The repository navigation is trilingual, in German, English and French.</p><p>English edition part of SSC’s 50th anniversary celebrations in 2019</p><p>In order to meet the great demand for the widely acclaimed map blog and the “Kaleidoskop der Schweizer Kartografie” special issue – which sold very well – SSC decided to publish the blog also in English to help commemorate its 50th anniversary in 2019. This will make the content accessible to an even wider public. With this contribution we propose to announce and publish the English version during a presentation to an international audience of experts at ICC 2019 in Tokyo. We will give insight how the 70 artefacts were chosen according to the scientific, geographic and thematic selection criteria. The composition of the accompanying texts is based upon the thorough scientific research especially carried out for this project. We hope that this approach may serve as a model for similar projects showing the richness of excellent cartographic artefacts all over the world!</p>
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Emberger, Günter, Paul Pfaffenbichler, and Leopold Riedl. "MARS meets ANIMAP: Interlinking the Model MARS with dynamic Internet Cartography." Journal of Maps 6, no. 1 (January 2010): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4113/jom.2010.1079.
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Crampton, Jeremy. "Cartography Resources on the World Wide Web." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 22 (September 1, 1995): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp22.780.
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This paper provides an overview of recent developments on the World Wide Web from a cartographer's perspective. The first section briefly describes how the Web came to be and discusses the conceptual models that control the Web's functionality. The second section of the paper is an overview of a variety of cartographic Web resources (ranging from federal to commercial to educational) that are available on the Web. These sites offer tremendous resources for use in the classroom, research, and even leisure activities. The paper concludes with examples of two Internet projects that make extensive use of cartographic materials: the Geograpliy Virh1al Department (out of the University of Texas Austin) and the Bosnian Virtual Fieldtrip (out of George Mason University).
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Bark, Sam. "Mapping Photography." Abstracts of the ICA 2 (October 8, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-2-16-2020.
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Abstract. As a fresh face to the cartography world, I am always inspired by experienced cartographers and the wonderful maps they've designed. The consideration of colours, the layout design and composition applied to create the perfect mapping product. Using their webinars, tutorials and wise words, I always try to create my own perfect cartographic map but with my own unique style applied.With a fascination for photography, this helps me in more ways than just decorating my front room, often acting as a source of inspiration when designing maps. My cartography brain automatically merges the two passions, focusing on the photographs colours, layout and composition, before transferring that style to my map.Within this presentation, I want to explore the world of mapping and photography. How can photographs shape the way our maps look? With a specific focus on internet mapping, I want to showcase how we can create maps inspired from photography, whether that's your iPhone 6 or a £4000 camera. For my presentation, I will customise basemaps using a vector basemap editor and walk through this extremely useful tool. I'll then also focus on how to share your stories in an engaging and easy-to-use platform of Esri's Storymaps. The session will hopefully provide a unique style to designing your maps, that requires nothing but a camera phone and maybe a pretty landscape.
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Szaniawska, Lucyna. "Czy międzynarodowy projekt publikacji historii kartografii w epoce Oświecenia jest encyklopedią i dobrym początkiem?" Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki 67, no. 4 (December 19, 2022): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/0023589xkhnt.22.040.16971.
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Is It an Encyclopedia and a Good Start for an International Project to Publish the History of Cartography in the Enlightenment? The History of Cartography, t. 4, Cartography in the European Enlightenment, cz. 1–2, red. Matthew H. Edney, Mary Sponberg Pedley, University of Chicago Press, Chicago – London 2019, ss. 1764, 479 haseł/artykułów, 954 ilustracji. The author indicates the extensive range of topics of Cartography in the European Enlightenment, which works both to its advantage and disadvantage. It is a disadvantage because only some of the subjects in the volume were discussed thoroughly, focusing on the scope of the entire project. The authors had the opportunity to carefully select objects, map makers, facts, and phenomena they presented, but the final product has many holes, as often happens in the case of encyclopedias. An advantage is that it provides a canvas that can be filled with topics that have not yet been covered. There is an impressive number of 207 authors who wrote 479 entries and articles, and their work, thanks to a well-devised structure of topics, also gives future researchers of the history of the cartography of the European Enlightenment a chance to systematically expand and deepen their experience with the book. Thematic cross-index allows the reader to search for information similarly to using keywords on the Internet. It is beneficial and intuitive, especially for young people, allowing them to easily navigate and browse the publication.
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Zavlavsky, Ilya. "A New Technology for Interactive Online Mapping with Vector Markup and XML." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 37 (September 1, 2000): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp37.810.
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As Internet cartography matures from static map images to interactive and animated maps, and embraces extensive GIS functionality, the limitations of presenting Web maps as image files become obvious. In this paper, a new technology for Internet cartography is demonstrated that uses direct vector rendering in a browser to create highly interactive virtual maps from distributed sources of geographic data. This technology is made possible by the advent of XML (eXtensible Markup Language) and XML applications for 2D vector rendering such as VML (Vector Markup Language) and SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics). AXIOMAP – Application of XML for Interactive Online Mapping – is a Web map publishing kit and a customizable virtual map interface that allows for the display and manipulation of multiple point, line and area layers, database query, choropleth mapping, hyperlinking, map labeling and annotation. To render maps in a Web browser (Internet Explorer 5, in the current version), AXIOMAP generates VML shapes “on the fly” from XML-encoded geographic data that can physically reside on different servers. A thin client-side solution, AXIOMAP provides for better interactivity than traditional map serverbased approaches. The paper explains the functionality of AXIOMAP, the technology behind it, and presents several applications. A free version of the software can be downloaded from www.elzaresearch.com/landv/.
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Vasconcelos, Giseli, Tatiana Wells, and Cristina T. Ribas. "Two Decades of Tactical Media and Art in Brazil Enhancing a Feminist Perspective." A Peer-Reviewed Journal About 9, no. 1 (August 4, 2020): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aprja.v9i1.121491.
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This article narrates our work through archive and cartography to discuss a body of research that runs throughout our lives - as producers, developers, non-artists, artists, archivists, researchers. We have been engaging in networks that develop the internet, tactical media, and free knowledge since the beginning of 2000 in Brazil, in a series of festivals, projects, platforms and other forms of gatherings. A lot of this history is lost in databases and we have been putting our efforts together to bring this digital and material archive together, republishing, editing and re activating it. At the same time, it is inevitable that we bring our own perspective to building the archive, what we identify as a feminist perspective, a weaving of histories (reinventeceduras) and modes of production that are also a “maintenance” of technical infrastructure as a practice of care, connected to the reproduction of our own lives. Cartography is a concept and tool that allows for the gathering of the polyphony of the voices engaged, a cartography that is not total, opening up for collective analysis and for the intervention in the present and future.
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Souza, Vânia Lúcia Costa Alves, and Maria Rosicleide Martins Matos. "Project “What connects us to the world?”: Constructions of artistic cartographic representations." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-346-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The links between art and cartography are deep, and integrate the knowledge generated by the combination of elements that involve the concepts of territory, culture, history, geography and power. The approximation of art and cartography occurs in the aesthetic and visual sense and invites us to unravel and reflect on its role in the spectrum of spatial representations. In schools, the artworks that involve cartographic representations offer us an opportunity to understand young people's relationships with local and global spaces, and the meaning of those relationship in their lives. The interpretation of these representations directs to the question: What does this image reveal in terms of the students identity construction related with the place of residence and the world? Since 2017, the Project “WHAT CONNECTS US TO THE WORLD?” is part of the list of Pedagogical Projects developed at the Educational Center 310 of Santa Maria in the Federal District, Brasília, Brazil. This is an interdisciplinary project with activities developed in the classes of Geography and Art during the academic year with the participation of students between the ages of 15 and 19. The main objective of the project is to encourage students to design artistic cartographic representations that express their connection with local and global spaces. The development of the project involves the cartographic and geography literacy activities in Geography classes and the development of artistic representations in art classes. There are six stages of development:</p><ol><li>Presentation of the project and generating ideas.</li><li>Deepening spatial concepts of place and territory. Identification of the elements that connect young people to local and global space.</li><li>Study of the various spatial representations (for example the map of Santa Maria, DF, map of Brazil and map mundi).</li><li>Selection of topics by students. Choice of spatial representation and artistic expression.</li><li>Oral presentation of the final paper.</li></ol><p>The results of the project were the various drawings that express topics of interest to the students such as: Corruption in Latin America, Internet, violence against women, destruction of nature, deforestation in Brazil and Latin America, social inequality, freedom and peace, social inequality in the world, patriotism.</p><p>The four best drawings in the year of 2017 were sent to the Children's Cartography Contest Professor Livia de Oliveira.One first year student made her drawing with the theme Corruption in Latin America that question the lateness of the arrest of corrupt politicians, the increase of gasoline and the homicide of young people in Brazil. This result was widely reported by local newspaper and television because it was selected nationally as one of the winners in her category. The impact of this selection on the contest is reflected in the appreciation of the visual language to express the perceptions of young people and reveal their critical view in the interpretation of everyday facts. In 2018, 16 drawings were sent to the Children's Cartography Contest again e we are still waiting for the final classification.</p><p>We considerably learned about our students when interpreting their drawings created for this project. Artistic cartographic representations shows the imagery of our students at that particular moment and help us to understand their social and spatial context.</p>
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De Oliveira, Ivanilton José, and Diego Tarley Ferreira Nascimento. "AS GEOTECNOLOGIAS E O ENSINO DE CARTOGRAFIA NAS ESCOLAS: potencialidades e restrições." Revista Brasileira de Educação em Geografia 7, no. 13 (August 14, 2017): 158–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.46789/edugeo.v7i13.491.
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No escopo daquilo que chamamos de geotecnologias há inúmeros formatos distintos de softwares e aplicativos, que envolvem desde a cartografia digital, a webcartografia, até o geoprocessamento e o trabalho com imagens digitais de sensoriamento remoto. Contudo, nem todas essas ferramentas estão ao alcance das escolas de ensino básico ou foram pensadas para o ensino de conteúdos de cartografia nesse nível. A despeito disso, hoje há inúmeras possibilidades de se utilizar as geotecnologias no ensino-aprendizagem de cartografia e, de forma mais abrangente, da própria geografia escolar. Mas é preciso separar o "joio do trigo" nesse universo de softwares e aplicativos, a fim de desvendar as possibilidades e restrições que eles apresentam. Também é preciso considerar a realidade escolar, a formação e capacitação dos professores, além do nível de acessibilidade dos estudantes a essas tecnologias. Os smartphones, a geração atual de aparelhos celulares com acesso à internet, são instrumentos especialmente oportunos para se superar algumas dessas barreiras. Essas limitações e perspectivas de trabalho são discutidas no presente artigo, tendo como principal exemplo o Google Earth. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Geotecnologias. Ensino. Cartografia. THE GEOTECHNOLOGIES AND THE CARTOGRAPHY EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS: potentialities and constraintsABSTRACTGeotechnology has many different software and application formats, ranging from digital mapping, webcartography, to geoprocessing and remote sensing. However, not all of these tools are within the reach of elementary schools or were designed for the teaching of cartography and geography content. In spite of this, today there are many possibilities of using geotechnologies in the teaching-learning of cartography and, more comprehensively, of the geography itself. But we must separate wheat from the chaff in this universe of software and applications in order to unravel the possibilities and constraints they present. It is also necessary to consider the school reality, the training and qualification of teachers, and the level of accessibility of students to these technologies. Smartphones, the current generation of mobile phones handsets with access to the Internet, are particularly timely tools to overcome some of these barriers. These limitations and perspectives of work are discussed in this article, having as main example Google Earth. KEYWORDS Geotechnology. Geography teaching. Cartography. ISSN: 2236-3904REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM GEOGRAFIA - RBEGwww.revistaedugeo.com.br - revistaedugeo@revistaedugeo.com.br
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Korycka-Skorupa, Jolanta. "Effectiveness of cartographic presentation methods applied within small-scale thematic maps in the press and on the Internet." Polish Cartographical Review 47, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcr-2015-0001.
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Abstract The author discuss effectiveness of cartographic presentations. The article includes opinions of cartographers regarding effectiveness, readability and efficiency of a map. It reminds the principles of map graphic design in order to verify them using examples of small-scale thematic maps. The following questions have been asked: Is the map effective? Why is the map effective? How do cartographic presentation methods affect effectiveness of the cartographic message? What else can influence effectiveness of a map? Each graphic presentation should be effective, as its purpose is to complete written word, draw the recipients’ attention, make text more readable, expose the most important information. Such a significant role of graphics results in the fact that graphic presentations (maps, diagrams) require proper preparation. Users need to have a chance to understand the graphics language in order to draw correct conclusions about the presented phenomenon. Graphics should demonstrate the most important elements, some tendencies, and directions of changes. It should generalize and present a given subject from a slightly different perspective. There are numerous examples of well-edited and poorly edited small-scale thematic maps. They include maps, which are impossible to interpret correctly. They are burdened with methodological defects and they cannot fulfill their task. Cartography practice indicates that the principles related to graphic design of cartographic presentation are frequently omitted during the process of developing small-scale thematic maps used – among others – in the press and on the Internet. The purpose of such presentations is to quickly interpret them. On such maps editors’ problems with the selection of an appropriate symbol and graphic variable (fig. 1A, 9B) are visible. Sometimes they use symbols which are not sufficiently distinguishable nor demonstrative (fig. 11), it does not increase their readability. Sometime authors try too hard to reflect presented phenomenon and therefore the map becomes more difficult to interpret (fig. 4A,B). The lack of graphic sense resulting in the lack of graphic balance and aesthetics constitutes a weak point of numerous cartographic presentations (fig. 13). Effectiveness of cartographic presentations consists of knowledge and skills of the map editor, as well as the recipients’ perception capabilities and their readiness to read and interpret maps. The qualifications of the map editor should include methodological qualifications supported by the knowledge of the principles for cartographic symbol design, as well as relevant technical qualifications, which allow to properly use the tools to edit a map. Maps facilitate the understanding of texts they accompany and they present relationships between phenomenon better than texts, appealing to the senses.
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Dickmann, Frank. "Vom Web-Mapping zur „Remote Cartography“? — Die Nutzungsmöglichkeiten von Fremdrechnern zur Kartenkonstruktion im Internet." KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information 55, no. 2 (March 2005): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03544006.
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Marquez, Juliana Orro, Paulo Meirelles, and Tiago Silva da Silva. "Interactive Web Maps: Usability Heuristics Proposal." Proceedings of the ICA 4 (December 3, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-4-70-2021.
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Abstract. With the evolution of technology, maps have changed how they are produced and consumed. In the 1990s, along with the internet uprise, printed and digital maps began to be shared and viewed on the web, which provided more significant user interaction with the map and geographic data. However, the ease of creating interactive maps using computational resources sometimes neglects cartographic concepts, impairing the interpretation of geographic data and the quality of the interaction between user and system. This work presents ten specific Usability Heuristics for Interactive Web Maps to identify and elaborate a set of criteria that help create and evaluate the quality of interactive web maps. For this, we used a methodology to develop domain-specific Usability Heuristics, composed of eight steps. This paper presents the ten heuristics elaborated along with the attributes of the name, ID, category and definition, and an additional checklist. This new set encompasses both the concepts of cartography and usability, contributing to better user interaction with the system and geographic data.
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Peterson, Michael. "Maps and the Internet: What a Mess It Is and How To Fix It." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 59 (March 1, 2008): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp59.244.
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The promise of the Internet for cartography has faded into stark realities of commercialism, connectivity problems and confusion about what represents quality in Internet mapping. Accessing the Internet is still problematic and a great digital divide separates the developed from the developing world. Interaction with the online map, the single greatest advantage of maps and the new medium, has been either poorly implemented or not incorporated at all. The commercial aspect of the Internet has been turned upside down. We pay to access the Internet, not for its content. As a result, there is little competition to improve the quality of online maps, other than for bragging rights, and little incentive to create quality content. On top of this, in many parts of the world, access to the Internet by computer is expensive or inconvenient and people prefer to use the Internet through their mobile phone. Almost all new users to the Internet are connecting through mobile devices and a small screen that is hardly suitable for the display of maps. While a de-centralized system like the Internet is impossible to fix in traditional ways, solutions must be found for making the medium more accessible and useful for maps. National and international organizations can play a key role in providing examples of what is possible with maps and the Internet. Low-cost, easy-to-use tools also need to be made available so that online cartographers can create quality content.
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Cubitt, Sean. "Imaging global communications: An ecocritique." Journal of Environmental Media 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jem_00008_1.
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Through an overview of historical medals, logos, poems, paintings and engravings, imagery that picks at the gap between the persistence of the local and the deracination of the global enterprise, the article focuses on the visual imaginaries employed to mythologize and to make sense of the reach and power of global media, noting in particular the reduction of land and sea to blank canvases on which communication media superimpose their networks. The article serves as a genealogy of Internet cartography and infographics, attending to the problematic relations between text, numbers, diagrams and pictures and their displacement of environments and localities.
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Vondrakova, Alena, Radek Barvir, and Jan Brus. "The Specifics of Cartographic Semiology in Tactile Maps." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-385-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Spatial information became ordinary for everyday life, for example in different kinds of maps. The majority of maps are produced for reading with eyes. Nevertheless, people with visual impairment, including blind people, perceive the world differently and have an insufficient amount of possible ways how to investigate the surroundings.</p><p>Creating a tactile map for people with visual impairment and blind people is conceptually different, more expensive and more difficult comparing to normal maps. This is why researches in cartography focus the question how spatial information can be effectively presented to visually impaired people using modern technologies.</p><p>One of the solutions seems to be progress in modern 3D tactile-cartography linkable to the mobile device, such as smartphones and tablets. The modern mobile technologies with the internet connection and GNSS navigation brought new possibilities how to convert spatial information into voice quickly. Navigations use vibrations to provide the actual information, and other technologies help to make the 3D presentations of the geospace more accessible.</p><p>At the Department of Geoinformatics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Czechia, several tactile maps were produced under the leadership of Vit Vozenilek, both interactive and non-interactive ones.</p><p>Cartographic semiology deals with a theory of cartographic symbols and their use. This theory is based primarily on the general semiology (the science of symbols), theoretical cartography, information theory, cybernetics and engineering psychology. To the various disciplines of semiology belong semantics, which represents the relation between the map symbol to the content what it means, sigmatics, which defines the relationship of map symbols to the function expressed in terms of real content, syntactic, which describes the interactions of map symbols, grammar, that deals with the composition rule and specifies the map symbol to the system, and pragmatics, which describes the relationship of users to the map symbol system. It is necessary to design and apply specific methods of cartographic visualization that will be suitable for persons who are blind or have a serious visual impairment. Therefore, there is a significant need for adaptation to the target user needs.</p><p>Analogically to the traditional cartography, the fundamental unit of tactile cartographic semiology is a tactile map symbol. Comparing to conventional map symbol the tactile map symbols have an extra specific 3D features, including the vertical dimension, roughness and texture. The specific design of the tactile map symbol depends on the applied technology – special tactile paper printers, plastic foils, metal engravings or modern type of 3D printing technology. Characteristics of tactile map symbols are used with regard to the possibilities of these technologies as well as in relation to the needs of the target group of users.</p><p>Within the project <i>Perception of the geospace by the modern type of tactile maps</i> the sampler designed characters by 51 respondents (31 blind persons and 20 persons with hard visually impairments) was tested. There were examples of different lines, different textures and point map symbols (Fig. 3). Part of these symbols was identified by respondents as most satisfactory, some of the characters were identified as unsatisfactory. These were mainly badly recognisable structures, lines unrecognisable by touch, confusing dotting, etc.</p><p>During the implementation of the project <i>Development of independent movement through tactile-auditory aids</i>, the gained knowledge was applied to the production of modern, tactile maps linked to the mobile technology (smartphone, tablet, etc.). Because the modern tactile maps using TouchIt3D technology (Barvir, 2017; Barvir et al., 2018) require many different sizes of 3D map objects, also the map symbols have to be different.</p><p>Preliminary results of the user testing provide new information about map symbol perception by people with visual impairment, using a new type of 3D tactile maps created with TouchIt3D technology. Testing and prototyping are ongoing, and the conference contribution will bring the latest research results.</p></p>
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Guallart Moreno, Carlos. "La cartografía digital generada por la COVID-19: Análisis y tipologías = The digital cartography generated by COVID-19: Analysis and typologies." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie VI, Geografía, no. 13 (October 1, 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfvi.13.2020.27806.
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El estudio de la pandemia COVID-19, con origen en la ciudad de Wuham (Hubei, China) ha sido objeto de numerosa cartografía elaborada y publicada por medios de comunicación, redes sociales, organismos gubernamentales, universidades y centros de investigación. El objetivo de este artículo ha sido la recopilación y análisis de aquella que ha sido publicada a través de internet y resulta accesible a todo el mundo. La metodología seguida ha consistido en llevar a cabo una recopilación de la cartografía que se publicaba en las redes sociales y medios de comunicación, clasificarla de acuerdo con su formato final y analizar sus aspectos formales y objetivos comunicativos. Esta cartografía permite rastrear los hechos, compararlos con los de otras unidades geográficas equivalentes, analizar las relaciones que pueden darse con otros acontecimientos en el mismo lugar y tomar en cada momento las decisiones más oportunas relativas al territorio. Es posible que el desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información, la facilidad de su utilización y el acceso a datos abiertos por cualquiera pueda contribuir a un nuevo concepto de mapa, pero lo que queda fuera de toda duda es que la geografía y su herramienta por excelencia, la cartografía, se han convertido en imprescindibles para cualquier problema relacionado con el territorio, en este caso la pandemia COVID-19.AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic studies, originated in Wuham (Hubei, China), has been the matter of numerous cartographies elaborated and published by social media, social networks, public organisms, universities and research centers. The main objective of this article has been the data collection and analysis of the mentioned info which has been published through internet and accessible to everyone. The methodology followed has consisted in compiling the cartography data which is published on social networks and mass media, being classified according to its final dimension and analyzing its formal aspects and communicative objectives. The cartography related, makes possible to trace the facts, being compared with other equivalent geographical sites, analyze the relations which may be produced with other different situations on the same place and make the right and appropriate timely decisions referred to the territory at all time. The development of information technologies, the ease of use and the access to open data by anyone might contribute to a new concept of map, but there is no doubt that geography and its own tool by excellence, cartography, have become essential for any type of problem related to the territory, in this case, the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Bęcek, Kazimierz. "Real-Time Mapping: Contemporary Challenges and the Internet of Things as the Way Forward." Geodesy and Cartography 65, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geocart-2016-0009.
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Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology that was conceived in 1999. The key components of the IoT are intelligent sensors, which represent objects of interest. The adjective ‘intelligent’ is used here in the information gathering sense, not the psychological sense. Some 30 billion sensors that ‘know’ the current status of objects they represent are already connected to the Internet. Various studies indicate that the number of installed sensors will reach 212 billion by 2020. Various scenarios of IoT projects show sensors being able to exchange data with the network as well as between themselves. In this contribution, we discuss the possibility of deploying the IoT in cartography for real-time mapping. A real-time map is prepared using data harvested through querying sensors representing geographical objects, and the concept of a virtual sensor for abstract objects, such as a land parcel, is presented. A virtual sensor may exist as a data record in the cloud. Sensors are identified by an Internet Protocol address (IP address), which implies that geographical objects through their sensors would also have an IP address. This contribution is an updated version of a conference paper presented by the author during the International Federation of Surveyors 2014 Congress in Kuala Lumpur. The author hopes that the use of the IoT for real-time mapping will be considered by the mapmaking community.
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Zaczek-Peplinska, Janina, and Ryszard Kowalski. "AN INFORMATION DATA BASE OF GEODETIC SERVICES ENGINEERING INVESTMENTS - THE IDEA OF DATA ORGANISATION." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 18, 2005): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2005vol1.2155.
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The goal of the project, being run by the Institute of Applied Geodesy of the Warsaw University of Technology, is to create a prototype database of building structures, which are typical from the point of view of the tasks of engineering geodesy.The database is expected to be available through the Internet and is planned to be filled with the information collected from surveying companies, which would like to present their realizations both from owners and users of engineering structures.Examples of modern solutions in the area of geodetic services for engineering investments realization is supposed to create a base for changes in the methods of teaching and presenting these issues at the Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography of the Warsaw University of Technology and at other Faculties interested in such problems.
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Ladino-Moreno, Edgar Orlando, César Augusto García, and Eduardo Zamudio-Huertas. "Transient DynamicWeather Isolines Generated via IoT Temperature and Relative Humidity Analysis Using the NodeMCU ESP8266 in Bogotá." Ingeniería 28, Suppl (February 28, 2023): e19667. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/23448393.19667.
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Context: This article presents the real-time estimation of temperature (°C) and relative humidity ( %) (interval of 16 seconds) for the city of Bogota DC via the Internet of Things (IoT). Method: This prototype is based on the Arduino ESP8266 NodeMCU module and the DHT11 sensor, as well as on a server-client HTPP communication protocol viaWi-Fi, with remote access to information. 16 sensors were installed in Bogota DC. These sensors send the observed data to the MATLAB storage cloud (ThingSpeak) via theWi-Fi module and can be downloaded in real-time. The temperature (°C) and relative humidity ( %) values were calibrated based on measurements made by the TTH002-certified digital thermo-hygrometer. Results: Based on the average temperature and relative humidity obtained, two maps were elaborated by implementing QGis: one with the isotherms and another one with isohumes. The inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation algorithm was used. Conclusions: The use of monitoring devices based on the IoT significantly contributes to automating meteorological data and structuring and utilizing robust databases in the field of Civil Engineering. Thus, the real-time transmission of temperature and relative humidity data allows for the online analysis of variables. Finally, the term adaptive dynamic cartography is proposed, which is associated with the generation of maps via the IoT, through which changes in the observed variables are displayed in real time, which allows monitoring the variables making adjustments based on an interpolation algorithm, as well as automatically and instantaneously generating isolines, which significantly reduces the uncertainty implied by the spatial-temporal resolution of current cartography.
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Peterson, Michael P. "The Application Programmer Interface (API) in Modern Cartography: Development and Prospects." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-297-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Application Programmer Interfaces have been a part of the cartographic landscape since 2006 with the introduction of the Google Maps API. Essentially a library of code that provides access to a variety of mapping functions, APIs have since been the basis of online, tile-based, Multiscale Pannable (MSP) mapping. While the Google Maps API is still the most widely used with more than 4.6 billion websites embedding a Google Map, a variety of other mapping APIs have been introduced primarily to circumvent Google’s pricing structure.</p><p>The cost for using Google Maps on websites has changed over the years. From 2005 to 2011, the use of Google Maps was free no matter how many maps were referenced by a website. From then to 2016, Google limited map downloads to 25,000 map loads a day for 90 consecutive days. In 2016, the 90 consecutive days was removed so the number of maps downloaded could not exceed 25,000 on any given day. If it did, the website developer needed to register their site and pay a fee for maps produced over this limit.</p><p>In April 2018, Google announced the launch of a new name for the Google Maps API – Google Maps Platform – and a new pricing plan. A free tier continues to be offered through a US $200 monthly credit but now requires creating an account and entering a credit card number. In this new online platform, it is still possible to use the Google Maps API without incurring any cost by limiting the number of daily downloads so that the monthly quota of 28,000 map downloads is not exceeded.</p><p>The problem is not the use of the Google Maps API but the Google map tiles. The look of maps from Google and the associated interface have become so popular that users avoid using other kinds of maps – even those from Apple. Users complain that the tiles from other vendors implement a different color scheme or highlight different features. They also complain that these maps appear more slowly. While other APIs can use Google Map tiles, including the popular Leaflet API, their use is still subject to the same pricing structure.</p><p>With the help of the Internet, maps from Google have become the standard maps. All other renditions of the world are seen to be inferior and not worthy of examination. They are simply interesting oddities. While some can adapt to alternative representations, most choose not to. This Google Map phenomena is examined along with lessons from the historical progression of online mapping.</p>
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Ibáñez-Alcázar, Alejandro, and David García-Marín. "Las lenguas minoritarias en la Sociedad de la Información. Cartografía, revitalización y aprendizaje del aragonés en entornos virtuales." Ámbitos. Revista Internacional de Comunicación, no. 55 (2022): 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ambitos.2022.i55.06.
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El presente trabajo analiza la situación actual de la lengua aragonesa en la Red; una lengua minoritaria y minorizada que, según la UNESCO, se encuentra en peligro de extinción. Sin embargo, gracias a Internet y a la rápida expansión de la Web 2.0, las lenguas minoritarias como el aragonés cuentan con nuevas oportunidades para su revitalización. El objetivo es comprender cómo las nuevas tecnologías y el conjunto de posibilidades que ofrece la Web influyen positivamente en su visibilidad y contribuyen a evitar su desaparición. Para ello, esta investigación -de tipo eminentemente cualitativo- se desarrolla desde dos enfoques: en primer lugar, desde una perspectiva comunicativa, para hacer una aproximación a la presencia, uso y difusión del aragonés en plataformas virtuales; y, en segundo lugar, desde una mirada educativa, para analizar las posibilidades de aprendizaje de esta lengua en estos entornos digitales. Nuestros resultados ponen de manifiesto que la lengua aragonesa está cada vez más presente en la Red y que en los últimos años ha visto incrementada su presencia en plataformas y herramientas virtuales, que pueden facilitar su visibilidad y dignificación. Por contra, su presencia en medios de comunicación online es muy escasa. En la misma línea, se observan reducidas oportunidades para aprender la lengua a través de la Red, tarea manifiestamente laboriosa y complicada por el reducido número de webs donde hallar recursos educativos digitales.
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MÉKOUAR-HERTZBERG, Nadia. "INTIMIDADES CONECTADAS. REFLEXIONES SOBRE UN CUARTO PROPIO CONECTADO, DE REMEDIOS ZAFRA." Signa: Revista de la Asociación Española de Semiótica 29 (April 8, 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/signa.vol29.2020.27168.
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Resumen: Proponemos una lectura de Un cuarto propio conectado(Zafra), centrado en la cuestión de la intimidad en el contexto de desarrolloacelerado e irreversible de Internet. En la estela de Woolf, el cuarto propiosigue siendo un lugar propicio para la emergencia de intimidades femeninasy feministas, centros de gestión del yo y de las relaciones de poder. Sinembargo, la dinámica y la forma de esa intimidad evolucionan bajo elimpulso de la digitalización. Veremos cómo, a medio camino entre ensayo,autobiografía y cuento, el texto de Zafra configura una nueva cartografíade la intimidad, de sus fronteras y de sus funciones. Abstract: We propose an analysis of Un cuarto propio conectado(Zafra), focused on the issue of privacy in the context of the acceleratedand irreversible development of the Internet. In the wake of Woolf, thenotion of a room of one’s own continues to be the very place where the emergence of feminine and feminist intimacies becomes possible, a center of management for the self and power relationships. However, the dynamics and form of intimacy have evolved through digitalization. We will see how, halfway between an essay, an autobiography and a short story, Zafra’s text maps out a new cartography of intimacy, its borders and its functions.
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Sinitsyna, Anna. "Russia’s Natural Potential Sustainable Development and “Green” Growth Modern problems." E3S Web of Conferences 291 (2021): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129102016.
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Currently, at the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), the Department of Economics is conducting a multifactorial and multifaceted scientific and practical study of the influence, relationships and dependence of the development of socio-economic policy in Russia and the complex of property relations. The study is carried out in several stages. At present, the “green” part of the study is being actively pursued: environmental factors, “green” growth and modern problems of sustainable development of the natural potential of Russia are being studied. The work is carried out on the basis of open information (regulations, publications, Internet resources, own research). Environmental components at the present stage have a significant impact on the economic, social and territorial policy of Russia, on the one hand. On the other hand, the Russian Federation itself is a large territorial, human, natural resource and industrial element of the planet Earth. Therefore, the material for research is rich, multifaceted, interesting and constantly updated with new directions.
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Polster, Petr. "Regional aspects of environmental informatics." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 4 (2011): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159040227.
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Information and communication technology diffuse through the whole of our current practices and form our entire life. Just in the media, at political, economic and scientific level, and often even in normal conversation among people is the global environment very frequented and discussed question. The results of the environment monitoring in Czech Republic (its natural and humane components) are publicized in numeric form (field measurements data including derived indicators) and in cartography representation (Geographical Information System) at any internet servers of various levels of public administration. Environment indicators are nation-wide. At self-government region management authority level publication of regional indicators describing natural and human components of environment is null practically, in both print and electronic form. Similar situation persists in describing preserved natural territories (nature monuments and reservations, Natura2000 areas, etc. …). Somewhat better is the situation of historical and in part of technical objects. Complex description of regional environment is missing.
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Valetov, Timur. "Teaching the basics of historical geography and geographic information systems at the Department of Historical Information Sciences (Faculty of History, Moscow State University)." Историческая информатика, no. 1 (January 2024): 108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7797.2024.1.70218.
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The article describes the experience of teaching the course “Historical Geography and Geographic Information Systems” within the framework of the specialization “Historical Informatics” at the Department of Historical Informatic Science, Faculty of History, Moscow State University. We teach this discipline to third-year undergraduate students. The course includes several thematic blocks. The first one is devoted to Russian historical geography, and the main difficulty is to fit this voluminous course into several lessons and leave time for the remaining blocks. The second block is the basics of cartography, the history of cartography in Russia (that is, source studies of historical maps), and here we can also speak about electronic libraries of raster and vector historical maps of Russia. The third block is devoted to the substantive basics of spatial visualization. This block seems to be the most important: learning to use the proper software is an important, but it is the least constructive part of the research. It is more important to understand how to set tasks correctly and what complexities are typical to this type of visualization. Within this third block we examine both entertainment projects and research articles using historical maps. The last block of issues studied within the framework of the course is the basics of GIS software studying. We study QGIS here: it is officially freeware, cross-platform, it uses the wide-spread shapefile format, and it is well compatible with open Internet services, such as OpenStreetMap and the Google maps. Students learn to draw shapefiles upon raster maps, to attach data from spreadsheets to their vector maps and to create thematic maps, to transform the projections. We hope that our methodological experience will be useful to teachers.
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Karnatak, H., P. L. N. Raju, Y. V. N. Krishna Murthy, S. K. Srivastav, and P. K. Gupta. "E-learning based distance education programme on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science – An initiative of IIRS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 1237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-1237-2014.
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IIRS has initiated its interactive distance education based capacity building under IIRS outreach programme in year 2007 where more than 15000+ students were trained in the field of geospatial technology using Satellite based interactive terminals and internet based learning using A-View software. During last decade the utilization of Internet technology by different user groups in the society is emerged as a technological revaluation which has directly affect the life of human being. The Internet is used extensively in India for various purposes right from entrainment to critical decision making in government machinery. The role of internet technology is very important for capacity building in any discipline which can satisfy the needs of maximum users in minimum time. Further to enhance the outreach of geospatial science and technology, IIRS has initiated e-learning based certificate courses of different durations. The contents for e-learning based capacity building programme are developed for various target user groups including mid-career professionals, researchers, academia, fresh graduates, and user department professionals from different States and Central Government ministries. The official website of IIRS e-learning is hosted at <a href="http://http://elearning.iirs.gov.in" target="_blank">http://elearning.iirs.gov.in</a>. The contents of IIRS e-learning programme are flexible for anytime, anywhere learning keeping in mind the demands of geographically dispersed audience and their requirements. The program is comprehensive with variety of online delivery modes with interactive, easy to learn and having a proper blend of concepts and practical to elicit students' full potential. The course content of this programme includes Image Statistics, Basics of Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Digital Image Processing, Geographical Information System, Global Positioning System, Customization of Geospatial tools and Applications of Geospatial Technologies. The syllabus of the courses is as per latest developments and trends in geo-spatial science and technologies with specific focus on Indian case studies for geo-spatial applications. The learning is made available through interactive 2D and 3D animations, audio, video for practical demonstrations, software operations with free data applications. The learning methods are implemented to make it more interactive and learner centric application with practical examples of real world problems.
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Lurie, Irina K., Ali R. Alyautdinov, Elena A. Prokhorova, and Vladinir N. Semin. "On the Way to an Information System of Russian Transport Networks." Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-81-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Currently Russia faces great challenges in mapping its large transport system to characterize transport as an important sector of the national economy, as well as the country's place in the system of Eurasian corridors and the economic space of Eurasia as a whole. The Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University has been working on the creation of a spatial database and geo-information support to assess the state and functioning of the transport system of Russia.</p><p>The concept of using a system approach and special geographic research is proposed. This concept includes the workflow from designing the GIS project architecture and database creation to thematic mapping and visualization of results in the form of a Geo-resource. The final goal of the project is creating the Internet geoinformation resource. The practical realization of the Geo-Resource is based on the development of a special mapping application integrated into the structure of the resource and connection of this application to Geo-Database as a main depository of spatial information.</p>
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Krasteva, Anna. "Occupy Bulgaria." Southeastern Europe 40, no. 2 (June 14, 2016): 158–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763332-04002002.
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This article examines the reinvention of post-communist democracy through contestation and new mobilizations on and offline. The hypothesis of this analysis is that we are currently witnessing a second democratic revolution: following the velvet revolution of the 1990s, a second, digital and contestatory revolution has been occurring in the 2010s. Whereas the first revolution introduced parliamentary democracy into the post-communist states, the new revolution sets the conditions for the emergence of contestatory citizenship. The article is structured in three parts. The first section analyses the emergence of a new type of citizenship and identifies its ‘3 I’ formula: indignation, Internet, and imagination. Furthermore, the conception of contestatory (e-)citizenship is articulated along four axes: the ‘augmented’ citizen, the digital indignados, ‘speaking up’, and the networked individual. The second part examines the political cartography of protests and their uses (politization, aesthetization, self-reflexivity, civic takeover of political temporality, ‘exit or voice’). The article compares three waves of mobilization and, armed with the analytic toolkit of contestatory citizenship and a scheme of four axes, proposes a classification. The third part of the paper, finally, looks at the new mobilizations through the perspective of the new actors.
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Yankelevich, Svetlana, Anastasiya Lebzak, and Evgenii Lebzak. "Technological aspects of creating a web GIS of cultural heritage objects for spatial development of the territory on the example of the Novosibirsk region." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 4 (2020): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-4-26-311-319.
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The level of information security of the cultural heritage of the region has a direct impact on the spatial development of the territory. Most often this is expressed in the quantity and quality of scientific research in this area, measures to protect and popularize the cultural heritage of the region, and, as a result, the level of development of educational tourism in this area. The widespread accessibility of the Internet in our country, as well as the annual enormous increase in the number of mobile Internet users, makes it possible to disseminate a large amount of heterogeneous information as quickly and efficiently as possible. Therefore, web technologies are rationally applied to increase the level of information security of cultural heritage objects. Geospatial information perceived by the user preferably in a graphical form, for example, using interactive maps and web-GIS. To create them, you need to integrate web technologies and geoinformation mapping. The article presents a study of the advantages and disadvantages of using web technologies in cartography. In the process of research, a technology for creating web GIS of cultural heritage objects was developed, based on the integration of web technologies and geoinformation mapping. The article describes in detail the main stages and features of creating such geoinformation products, as well as the requirements for them. A prototype of the web GIS “Cultural heritage of the Novosibirsk region” has been developed.it can be used by any person for educational purposes, as well as by territorial bodies of protection of cultural heritage objects, local governments, construction organizations, road enterprises, land use and subsoil use enterprises, educational and scientific organizations, as well as tour operators and other economic entities.
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Alverti, Maroula N., Kyriakos Themistocleous, Phaedon C. Kyriakidis, and Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis. "A Human Centric Approach on the Analysis of the Smart City Concept: the case study of the Limassol city in Cyprus." Advances in Geosciences 45 (October 22, 2018): 305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-305-2018.
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Abstract. The impact of medium-sized southern European cities challenges on the “smartness” of the city is a quite interesting case that is not quite analyzed yet. Our scientific objective is to find a simple understandable model linking human smart characteristics to a group of socio-demographic and urban environment indices, applied to the case of Limassol Urban Complex, the southernmost European city, with a total population of 208 980. The data set of the analysis contains 25 variables in 3 thematic domains using as spatial analysis level, the 126 postal code areas of the most urbanized part of the city. The study results obtained through multivariate statistical analysis and thematic cartography using GIS technology. The results reveal that the human smart characteristics consist of the use of high-speed internet and broad band telephony, recycling activities, employment in creative industry, high educational attainment and open-mindedness (i.e. participation in EU elections), are significantly correlated with demographic dynamics and built infrastructure characteristics. Creativity and open-mindedness tend to appear in most densely urban areas, mostly occupied by indigenous inhabitants. Recycling and technology oriented smart characteristics are mostly correlated with no-native residents, and high educational attainment. In the outskirts of the city of Limassol the developing dynamics are almost the same with a greater blend between native and non-native inhabitants.