Academic literature on the topic 'Internet Quantique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Internet Quantique"
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Guo, Zenghua, and Boyu Zhu. "Does Mobile Internet Use Affect the Loneliness of Older Chinese Adults? An Instrumental Variable Quantile Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (2022): 5575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095575.
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Based on the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data, we empirically analyze the effect, heterogeneity, quantile differences and influencing mechanisms of mobile Internet use on loneliness in the elderly. The study found that the loneliness of the elderly who used mobile Internet was 33.1% lower than that of the elderly who did not use the mobile Internet The study also passed the robustness test. There is heterogeneity in the effect of mobile Internet use on loneliness among the elderly of different ages, educational levels and marital status. Among them, the use of mobile Internet has a significant alleviating effect on the loneliness of the 60–70-year-old elderly, those of junior high school education level and below, and the elderly with a partner. The quantile regression analysis showed that the elderly group with a high level of loneliness benefited more from the use of mobile Internet. Mediation analysis further showed that mobile Internet use can improve parent–child relationship, increase offline interactions with children, and reduce children’s tangible support, which we interpret as a potential mechanism for mobile Internet use to alleviate loneliness in the elderly.
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Zhan, Yunqiu, and Shuwen Yang. "Does internet use improve employment?——Empirical evidence from China." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (2024): e0301465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301465.
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Achieving comprehensive and high-quality employment is essential to achieving new levels of people’s well-being. The advancement of Internet technology not only affect the massiveness of employment, but also the quality of that. On the basis of constructing an employment quality evaluation index system, this article uses CLDS (China Labor-force Dynamics Survey) data to explore the impact of Internet use on the employment quality of workers and its underlying mechanisms. The results reveal that Internet use has a significant positive impact on improving the employment quality of workers. As the quantile of employment quality increases, internet use has a greater impact on workers with a lower employment quality quantile. In addition, the use of Internet has a more significant promoting effect on the employment quality of rural and female workers. From the perspective of mechanism, Internet use can increase workers’ social capital and influence their employment quality through the accumulation of social capital. Based on this, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of increasing investment and construction of Internet infrastructure, further perfecting the reform of household registration system, promoting human capital investment and social capital construction.
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Choi, Baek-Young, Sue Moon, Rene Cruz, Zhi-Li Zhang, and Christophe Diot. "Quantile sampling for practical delay monitoring in Internet backbone networks." Computer Networks 51, no. 10 (2007): 2701–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2006.11.023.
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Parwodiwiyono, Suparna. "Kaitan Akses Internet dan Penyelesaian Tugas Sekolah Berdasarkan Regresi Kuantil Menuju Masyarakat 5.0." JARTIKA Jurnal Riset Teknologi dan Inovasi Pendidikan 3, no. 2 (2020): 342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36765/jartika.v3i2.283.
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Abstrak: Bagi generasi pasca milenial penggunaan internet sangat akrab tetapi dengan berbagai tujuan penggunaan. Penelitian ini ingin melihat keterkaitan penggunaan internet oleh penduduk yang sedang sekolah untuk kepentingan penyelesaian tugas sekolah di Indonesia untuk mendapatkan hasil belajar yang baik. Analisis berdasarkan data sekunder dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional tahun 2018. Hanya saja data yang didapatkan tidak simetris dengan adanya pencilan. Regresi kuantil digunakan untuk meminimumkan pengaruh dari pencilan yang ada. Penelitian mendapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat kaitan yang erat antara akses internet dari penduduk yang sedang sekolah dengan penyelesaian tugas sekolah. Hasil regresi kuantil menunjukkan bahwa proporsi akses internet untuk penyelesaian tugas sekolah berbeda antar golongan proporsi penggunaan internet. Proporsi penggunaan internet yang tinggi akan digunakan untuk penyelesaian tugas sekolah yang lebih tinggi pula.
 Abstract: For the post millennial generation the use of the internet is very familiar but with various purposes of use. This study wants to look at the relationship between the use of the internet by residents who are currently in school for the sake of completing school work in Indonesia to get good learning outcomes. Analysis based on secondary data from the 2018 National Socio-Economic Survey. It's just that the data obtained is not symmetrical with outliers. Quantile regression is used to minimize the effect of outliers. The study found that there was a close relationship between internet access from residents who were in school and completion of school work. The quantile regression results show that the proportion of internet access for completing school work differs between groups of proportions of internet use. A high proportion of internet use will be used for completing higher school work.
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Long, Cuihong, Jiajun Han, and Chengzhi Yi. "Does the Effect of Internet Use on Chinese Citizens’ Psychological Well-Being Differ Based on Their Hukou Category?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (2020): 6680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186680.
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This paper draws support from the 2018 wave of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS 2018) and uses unconditional quantile regression, re-centered influence function (RIF) decomposition, linear structural equation modelling, extended regression modelling and censored regression to explore the heterogeneity of the impact of Internet use on the psychological well-being of Chinese non-agricultural and agricultural hukou holders. We find that Internet use better improves the psychological well-being of non-agricultural hukou holders, thereby widening the gap in psychological well-being between urban and rural residents in China. Through RIF decomposition, we observe that, except for the 10th quantile, the expansion effect of Internet use on the inequality in psychological well-being between agricultural and non-agricultural hukou holders is mainly reflected in the structure effect, which shows that compared to non-agricultural hukou holders, the return rate of Internet use on the psychological well-being of agricultural hukou holders is lower. Further mechanism analysis shows that using the Internet to socialize, obtain information and understand politics is more beneficial for the psychological well-being of non-agricultural hukou holders; moreover, Internet use can further exert different effects on the psychological well-being of the two groups by differently influencing their job satisfaction, government evaluation, and sleep quality. This study also confirms that relying only on external scientific and technological progress has a limited corrective effect on existing inequalities.
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Rolland, G. "Etude des variations de rendement quantique interne d'un détecteur CCD en fonction de la temperature." Revue de Physique Appliquée 20, no. 9 (1985): 651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rphysap:01985002009065100.
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Gao, Jiacheng, and Yue Liu. "Internet technology usage and female employment: Evidence from a Chinese general social survey." Economics and Finance Letters 10, no. 1 (2023): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/29.v10i1.3287.
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This study empirically analyzes the effect of internet technology usage on female employment and their wage income by constructing logit and quantile regression models to examine the moderating effect of years of education. The results show that internet technology usage significantly suppresses the likelihood of female employment and reduces their wage income before their years of education reach the target requirement but has a differential effect on the wage income of females at different levels. After females have reached their years of education target, internet technology usage significantly increases their likelihood of obtaining employment and improving their wage income. The positive effect of internet technology usage on female employment and their wage income is more obvious as the years of education increases. Therefore, this study proposes that females should be encouraged to strengthen their internet technology usage skills and improve their education level.
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Lohr, Luanne, and Timothy Park. "Demand for Private Marketing Expertise by Organic Farmers: A Quantile Analysis Based on Counts." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 44, no. 2 (2012): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800000249.
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We study the demand by organic farmers for technical advice using a quantile regression for the demand of organic farmers for consultations with private information providers. There is substantial heterogeneity in the impact of critical explanatory variables on consultations of organic farmer. Larger farm size has a positive effect on contacts, but the effect is absent for the highest number of consultations. Internet use has a positive marginal effect on visits to private information providers across each quantile, suggesting that expanded efforts to deliver programs through web-based resources are a useful investment for information providers.
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Antoine, Jean-Pierre. "Symétries en physique." Revue des questions scientifiques 190, no. 1-2 (2019): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/qs.v190i1-2.69423.
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Cet article passe en revue les multiples applications de la théorie des groupes aux problèmes de symétrie en physique. En physique classique, il s’agit surtout de la relativité : euclidienne, galiléenne, einsteinienne (relativité restreinte). Passant à la mécanique quantique, on remarque d’abord que les principes de base impliquent que l’espace des états d’un système quantique a une structure intrinsèque d’espace préhilbertien, que l’on complète ensuite en un espace de Hilbert. Dans ce contexte, la description de l’invariance sous un groupe G se base sur une représentation unitaire de G. On parcourt ensuite les différents domaines d’application : physique atomique et moléculaire, matière condensée, optique quantique, ondelettes, symétries internes, symétries approchées. On discute ensuite l’extension aux théories de jauge, en particulier au Modèle Standard des interactions fondamentales. On conclut par quelques indications sur des développements récents. * * * The present article reviews the multiple applications of group theory to the symmetry problems in physics. In classical physics, this concerns primarily relativity : Euclidean, Galilean, Einsteinian (special). Going over to quantum mechanics, we first note that the basic principles imply that the state space of a quantum system has an intrinsic structure of pre-Hilbert space, that one completes into a genuine Hilbert space. In this framework, the description of the invariance under a group G is based on a unitary representation of G. Next we survey the various domains of application : atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics, quantum optics, wavelets, internal symmetries, approximate symmetries. Next we discuss the extension to gauge theories, in particular to the Standard Model of fundamental interactions. We conclude with some remarks about recent developments.
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Rastogi, Krati, and Divya Lohani. "Edge Computing-Based Internet of Things Framework for Indoor Occupancy Estimation." International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence 11, no. 4 (2020): 16–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaci.2020100102.
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Indoor occupancy estimation has become an important area of research in the recent past. Information about the number of people entering or leaving a building is useful in estimation of hourly sales, dynamic seat allocation, building climate control, etc. This work proposes a decentralized edge computing-based IoT framework in which the majority of the data analytics is performed on the edge, thus saving a lot of time and network bandwidth. For occupancy estimation, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration are used as inputs, and estimation models are developed using multiple linear regression, quantile regression, support vector regression, kernel ridge regression, and artificial neural networks. These estimations are compared using execution speed, power consumption, accuracy, root mean square error, and mean absolute percentage error.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Internet Quantique"
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Yehia, Raja. "Design and Optimization of Tools for the Quantum Internet." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS288.pdf.
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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans l’effort international pour construire des réseaux quantiques utilisables par tous. Nous essayons de souligner les problématiques importantes ainsi que les paramètres expérimentaux pouvant être bloquants. Nous explorons différents aspects des réseaux quantiques en vue d’aider la communauté internationale à construire l’Internet quantique. Après avoir introduit certaines notions de base d’informatique quantique pour la compréhension de la suite, nous définissons l’Internet quantique, dégageons les principales problématiques et enjeux. Puis, nous nous penchons sur une série de protocoles, bipartites et multipartites, que nous explicitons. Ensuite, nous étudions la sécurité composable d’un protocole réseau de vérification d’intrication multipartite, utilisé comme bloc de base par de nombreux autres protocoles. Dans le chapitre suivant, nous simulons et analysons différents protocoles de répéteurs quantiques permettant de lier deux nœuds du réseau à grande distance. Ces répéteurs utilisent un défaut dans la structure cristalline du diamant, que nous modélisons. Enfin, les deux derniers chapitres sont dédiés à la construction et à la simulation d’une architecture de réseau quantique transnational qui minimise la quantité de matériel nécessaire pour les utilisateurs du réseau. Nous étudions d’abord un réseau métropolitain, dont nous simulons une instance dans un contexte parisien. Nous exposons les paramètres expérimentaux ainsi que les performances actuelles. Ensuite nous étudions la possibilité d’établir une connexion entre différentes villes quantiques distantes de plusieurs centaines de kilomètres à l’aide de satellites<br>This thesis is written in the context of quantum Internet development. We try here to contribute to the community by discussing some security concerns and by providing detailed models and simulation studies of quantum internet architectures and protocols. We explore different aspects of quantum networks on the path to the Quantum Internet. After introducing basic quantum information notions, we define the Quantum Internet and highlight the main goals and challenges. Then, we list a few bipartite and multipartite applications. After that, we study the composable security of a multipartite entanglement verification protocol, that is used as a building block by many other protocols. In the following chapter, we perform simulations of different quantum repeater protocols allowing connection between two distant nodes. These repeaters use a defect in the crystalline structure of the diamond, that we model. Finally, the last two chapters are dedicated to building and simulating an international quantum network architecture that minimizes the necessary hardware for the end users. We first study a metropolitan network, called the Quantum City, that we simulate in a Parisian context. We highlight the main parameters and today’s performances. Then, we study the feasibility of connecting different quantum cities separated by hundred of kilometers using satellites
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Saget, Guillaume. "Interactions et résonances dans les systèmes quantiques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK024/document.
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Cette thèse traite des interactions et résonances dans les systèmes quantiques et se subdivise en trois sous-thématiques. Dans les premiers chapitres, nous proposons, dans le cadre de la limite locale, une méthode systématique de construction d'un hamiltonien vibrationnel mis sous forme normale pour des systèmes moléculaires à n degrés de liberté fortement excités, à partir des générateurs d'une algèbre de Lie, l'algèbre des polynômes invariants construite en mécanique classique à partir du noyau de l'opérateur adjoint adH0 . Puis, nous exposons les méthodes de construction en l'absence et en présence d'une résonance p : q. Une application à la molécule triatomique non linéaire ClOH est ensuite envisagée.D'autre part, nous réalisons, à l'aide de l'algorithme LTPA, la normalisation des molécules triatomiques linéaires AB2 et nous comparons, dans le cas de la molécule de CO2, nos résultats à ceux d'autres auteurs qui utilisèrent une approche différente. Par analogie avec la construction des hamiltoniens de systèmes moléculaires AB2 non linéaires, nous montrons ensuite que l'interaction de Fermi permet de décrire le passage d'un condensat de Bose-Einstein (CBE) atomique à un condensat moléculaire.Enfin, le dernier chapitre de cette thèse s'intéresse conjointement au phénomène de résonance1 : 1 entre un système et un champ extérieur et à l'équation de Heun. Nous utilisons le modèledu système quantique à deux niveaux d'énergie interagissant avec un champ extérieur à modulation de phase périodique et à pulsation de Rabi généralisée constante. Nous montrons lors de transitions non adiabatiques, que l'évolution des amplitudes de probabilité des états se déduit de l'équation de Heun générale pour une classe de solutions particulière. Nous mettons également en évidence trois comportements différents pour la fonction de décalage en fréquence : les non-croisements, les croisements et le level-glancing. Pour ces deux derniers comportements, une résonance 1 : 1 se produit périodiquement entre le système et le champ<br>This thesis book is concerned with the interactions and resonances in quantum systems and is subdivided into three thematics. First, our work is aimed at constructing in the local limit a systematic method for a normalized vibrational Hamiltonian for a strongly excited n-degree-of-freedom molecular system from the generators of the Lie algebra, the algebra of the invariant polynomials built in classical mechanics from the the kernel of the adjoint operator adH0 . We present both the method of construction in case of absence and in case of a p : q resonance system with n degrees of freedom. Application to the non-linear triatomic molecule ClOH is then given.On the other hand, by using the LTPA Algorithm, we realize normalisation of linear triatomic molecules and we compare in case of the CO2 molecule our results to those of authors who used to another approaches. Then, we are dealing with the Fermi interaction in order to show analogously to the building of Hamiltonians of non-linear molecules AB2, that this interaction is able to describe the transition of a atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to a molecular one.Finally, in the last chapter, we explore the non-adiabatic dynamics of a two-state system subject to excitation by a specific constant-amplitude periodic level-crossing model and we show that the evolution of the probability amplitudes of states is deduced from the Heun equation for a particular class of solutions. We also highlight three different behaviors for the detuning : non-crossing, crossing and level-glancing. For these two last behaviors, a 1 : 1 resonance occurs periodically between the system and the field
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Lallouche, Mickaël. "Théories des champs quantiques topologiques internes de type Reshetikhin-Turaev." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTS015/document.
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Une théorie des champs quantique topologique (TQFT) en dimension 3 est un foncteur monoidal symétrique de la catégorie des cobordismes de dimension 3 vers celle des espaces vectoriels. Une TQFT fournit en particulier un invariant scalaire des variétés fermées de dimension 3 ainsi que des représentations du groupe de difféotopie des surfaces fermées.Turaev explique en 1994 comment construire à partir d'une catégorie modulaire une TQFT qui étend l'invariant scalaire de 3-variétés fermées introduit en 1991 par Reshetikhin et Turaev. Dans cette thèse, nous généralisons cette construction à l'aide d'une catégorie C en ruban avec coend. On représente un cobordisme par un enchevêtrement d'un type particulier (enchevêtrement de cobordisme) et on associe à celui-ci un morphisme défini entre puissances tensorielles de la coend comme décrit par Lyubashenko en 1995. A l'aide de l'extension du calcul de Kirby aux cobordismes de dimension 3, cette construction nous permet de produire un invariant de cobordismes puis une TQFT à valeurs dans la sous-catégorie monoïdale symétrique des objets transparents de C.Dans le cas où C est une catégorie modulaire, cette sous-catégorie s'identifie à celle des espaces vectoriels et on retrouve ainsi la TQFT de Turaev. Dans le cas où C est une catégorie prémodulaire modularisable, notre TQFT est un relèvement de la TQFT de Turaev associée à la modularisée de C<br>A 3-dimensional topological quantum field theory (TQFT) is a symmetric monoidal functor from the category of 3-cobordisms to the category of vector spaces. Such TQFTs provide in particular numerical invariants of closed 3-manifolds and representations of the mapping class group of closed surfaces.In 1994, Turaev explains how to construct a TQFT from a modular category; the scalar invariant is then the Reshethikhin-Turaev invariant introduced in 1991. In this thesis, we describe a generalization of this construction starting from a ribbon category C with coend. We present a cobordism by a certain type of tangle (cobordism tangle) and we associate to such a tangle a morphism between tensor products of the coend as described by Lyubashenko in 1994. Extending the Kirby calculus to 3-cobordisms, we obtain in this way an invariant of cobordisms and a TQFT which takes values in the symmetric monoidal subcategory of transparent objects of C. If the category C is modular, this subcategory can be identified with the category of vector spaces, and we recover Turaev's TQFT. If the category C is modularizable, our TQFT is a lift of the Turaev TQFT for the modularization of C
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Founta, Sébastien. "Croissance d'hétérostructures GAN/AIN à champ électrique interne réduit." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10070.
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Ce travail a porté sur l'étude de la Croissance et des propnétés optiques d'hétérostructures GaN/AIN à champ électrique interne réduit déposées sur SiC. Nous avons d'abord étudié les propriétés de couches d'AIN et de GaN déposées sur SiC plan a. L'AIN présente une morphologie de surface anisotrope, que l'on a reliée à l'anisotropie de désaccord de maille avec le substrat. Alors que le GaN développe une rugosité isotrope. Dans les deux cas, la qualité de surface est optimale en conditions d'excès d'azote, à l'inverse de l'orientation (0001). La croissance du GaN sur l'AIN en conditions d'excès de Ga pennet de fonner des boîtes quantiques de GaN par le mode Stranski-Krastanow. Ces boîtes ont une fonne asymétrique influencée par la polarité chimique du matériau. Elles présentent un ordre partiel dans le plan qui a pour origine l'anisotropie de la couche tampon-d'AIN sous-jacente. Des conditions d'excès d'azote pennettent ta formation de puits quantiques. Leur morphologie anisotrope est influencée par celle de l'AIN, et leur rugosité par la polarité de la couche. L'étude optique de ces deux types de structures a montré une forte réduction du champ électrique interne par rapport à t'orientation (000 1 ). Nous avons ensuite étudié les propriétés des nitrures cubiques, en commençant par l'optimisation des substrats de SiC. L quantité de Ga adsQrbée sur une surface de GaN a ensuite été évaluée J)3{ RHEED. Le travail a ensuite porté sur la détennination des paramètres pennettant de contrôler la fonnation des boîtes quantiques de GaN, en insistant sur le rôle de la rugosité de l'AIN. Enfin, des études optiques ont révélé une polarisation de la photoluminescence à température ambiante<br>This work reports on the growth and the opticat properties of GaN/ AtN heterostructures with reduced internaI electric fi~ld d~posiwd on SiC. We have fU'St studied the properties of AtN and GaN tayers deposited on a-plane SiC substrates. AIN exhibits an anisotropic surface morphology that we correlated to the anisotropy of its in-plane lattice mismatch with the substrate, whereas GaN shows an isotropie roughness. Ln bath cases, the optimal surface quality is achieved in N-rich conditions, unIike what is observed on the (0001) orientation. Growth orGaN on AIN in Ga-rlch conditions leads to the fonnation on GaN quantum dots through the StranskiKrastanow growth mode. They present an asymmetric morphotogy influenced by the chemical polarity of the material. They are partially ordered on the growth plane, a feature arising trom the AIN buffer tayer anisotropy. Growth in N-rich conditions enables the formation of quantum wells. Their anisotropic morphology i& influenced by that of AIN, and their rougbness is influÇIlcçd by the layçr polarity. Both ~ of structures have ~vealçd a strong reduction of the internal electric field with respect to the (0001) orientation. We have then examined the properties of cubic nitrides, beginning by the optimisation of the SiC substrates. The Ga quantity adsorbed on GaN was then evaluated by RHEED. We detennined the parameters enabling to control the fonnation of GaN quantum dots and focused on the role of the AIN roughness. Finally, opticat studies revealed a photoluminescence polarisation up to ambient temperature
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Müller, Cord Axel. "Localisation faible de la lumière dans un gaz d'atomes froids : rétrodiffusion cohérente et structure quantique interne." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE5634.
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Des résultats récents de rétrodiffusion cohérente (CBS) de la lumière sur un nuage d'atomes froids ont montre que le contraste d'interférence est fortement réduit par rapport aux milieux désordonnés classiques. Dans le présent travail théorique, nous étudions l'impact de la dégénérescence de la transition dipolaire atomique sur la localisation faible de la lumière. Les composantes non-scalaires du tenseur de diffusion atomique, caractéristiques de la structure interne, modifient la diffusion multiple de la lumière. Une analyse systématique en termes de tenseurs irréductibles permet d'obtenir des expressions analytiques exactes pour les contributions de la diffusion simple et double au signal CBS. Nous résommons analytiquement la série des diagrammes échelle de l'intensité diffusée et la série des diagrammes croises de la localisation faible, pour toute transition atomique dégénérée. La structure interne n'a qu'une influence négligeable sur l'amplitude lumineuse moyenne, et une influence faible sur l'intensité moyenne. Par contre, la dégénérescence de la transition atomique réduit drastiquement l'interférence de localisation faible et donc la rétrodiffusion cohérente, et explique ainsi les résultats expérimentaux<br>Recent experimental results show that the interference contrast observed in coherent backscattering (CBS) of light by cold atoms is drastically reduced with respect to classical disordered media. In the present theoretical contribution, we study the impact of the degeneracy of the atomic dipole transition on weak localization of light. The nonscalar components of the atomic scattering operator are characteristics of the internal structure, and strongly modify the interference properties of multiple light scattering. A systematic analysis in terms of irreducible tensors permits to calculate exact analytical expressions for the single and double scattering contributions to the CBS signal for arbitrarily degenerate atomic dipole transitions. Furthermore, we sum up the series of ladder and crossed diagrams that describe the average scattered light intensity and the weak localization corrections, respectively. We find that the degeneracy of the atomic transition has negligible impact on the average light amplitude, small impact on the average intensity, but decisive impact on the interference corrections. The internal degrees of freedom very effectively reduce the interference of weak localization and, therefore, the CBS signal for any degenerate atomic dipole transition
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Ley, Marc. "Cellule photovoltai͏̈que MIND-amélioration du rendement quantique interne à l'aide d'une sous-structure active enterrée dans l'émetteur." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13212.
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Les cellules photovoltai͏̈ques offrent une source d'énergie propre et inépuisable pour le future sous condition de percées par rapport aux performances des dispositifs d'aujourd'hui. Dans ce travail, nous nous concentrons sur des aspects pouvant propulser le rendement de la conversion photovoltai͏̈que au-delà des limites actuelles afin de la rendre compétitive aux sources d'énergie conventionnelles. La première partie est consacrée aux nouveaux concepts théoriques regroupées sous la désignation de 3ème génération des cellules solaires. Nous examinons l'utilisation d'une bande d'énergie intermédiaire et 1'exploitation de l'ionisation par impact à faible énergie d'excitation. Par la suite, nous étudions des éléments de réalisation de cellules modèles en silicium capables de fonctionner selon les idées précédentes et fabriquées à partir d'un concept original par implantation ionique suivie d'un traitement thermique. Elles représentent une étape intermédiaire vers la cellule finie et sont caractérisées à l'aide de différentes techniques dans des laboratoires spécialisés. Nous exploitons expérimentalement et théoriquement la présence d'une sous-structure continue dans l'émetteur. Elle provoque l'apparition d'une zone morte séparée du reste du dispositif par une limite de collecte des porteurs minoritaires. Il est ainsi aisé de mettre en évidence le flux lumineux absorbé dans la zone active et déterminer avec la précision suffisante les endroits aux propriétés optoélectroniques nouvelles. Des effets nouveaux jamais évoqués auparavant ont été observés. Une étude approfondie du rendement de collecte de la partie active du dispositif met en évidence une absorbance améliorée dans la zone amorphisée et dans les couches soumises à un champ de contrainte mécanique local. Nous identifions, sur la base de la théorie de collecte et d'un calcul auto-corrélé, une augmentation fondamentale du rendement quantique interne des couches sous contrainte interprétée comme le résultat d'une multiplication des porteurs faible seuil<br>Photovoltaic solar cells that convert solar light into electricity would represent a clean and inexhaustible energy source for the future on the condition of a breakthrough in comparison with today's devices performances. In this work, we concentrate on aspects able to raise the photovoltaic conversion efficiency above the limitations of present cells and make solar energy competitive with conventional energy sources. The first part of the study is devoted to new theoretical ideas considered as 3rd generation of photovoltaics. More precisely, we investigate the use of an intermediate energy band and the exploitation of low-energy-threshold impact ionisation. Next, we study elements of realisation of model silicon solar cells capable to function according to the preceding ideas and fabricated on the basis of an original concept by ion implantation followed by a thermal treatment. They represent an intermediate step towards a final photovoltaic cell and have been characterised by different techniques in specialized laboratories. We exploit theoretically and experimentally a continuous substructure in the emitter. It induces a dead zone separated from the bulk by a minority carrier collection limit. It is then easy to quantify the light flux absorbed in the active zone and determine with a sufficiently good precision the zones with new optoelectronic properties. Effects never mentioned before have been observed. A deeper analysis of the experimental collection efficiency of the active device zone shows an increased absorbance in the amorphised zone produced by the implantation and in the recrystallized layers submitted to a local mechanical stress field. On the basis of the collection theory and an auto-correlated calculation, we identify a fundamental increase of the internal quantum efficiency in the stressed recrystallised layers, which can be interpreted as the result of a low-energy carrier multiplication
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Edwards, Paul. "Quantile hedging interest rate derivatives using the Libor market model." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11361.
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Fuchs, Jean-Noël. "Contribution à la mécanique statistique quantique des gaz froids." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002960.
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Cette thèse présente un certain nombre de résultats sur la mécanique statistique des gaz froids. La première partie concerne essentiellement les gaz peu dégénérés de fermions ou de bosons avec un spin (ou un pseudo-spin) 1/2. Nous écrivons une équation cinétique pour un tel gaz et nous en servons pour étudier les propriétés de transport de spin, notamment les ondes de spin et l'instabilité de Castaing dans un piège. En utilisant une approche hydrodynamique, nous calculons également les modes collectifs d'oscillation d'un gaz de Bose unidimensionnel dans un piège à température nulle. Dans une deuxième partie, nous nous intéresseons aux propriétés d'équilibre des gaz froids denses. En<br />utilisant le formalisme des opérateurs d'Ursell, nous étendons la<br />théorie quantique du développement en agrégats des systèmes dilués<br />aux systèmes denses. Nous appliquons ensuite cette méthode à l'étude de la statistique des cycles d'un condensat de Bose-Einstein et à la transition superfluide d'un gaz de Fermi attractif.
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Bardoux, Richard. "Spectroscopie de boîtes quantiques individuelles GaN/AlN en phase hexagonale." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00201492.
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Nous étudions les propriétés optiques de boîtes quantiques GaN/AlN élaborées par épitaxie par jets moléculaires sur substrats Si(111). La spectroscopie résolue en temps de l'émission collective de plans de boîtes quantiques nous conduit à une détermination appropriée de l'état fondamental des boîtes quantiques et du champ électrique interne le long de l'axe de croissance. Nous observons et modélisons une dynamique de recombinaison non conventionnelle des porteurs. Ces résultats préliminaires nous permettent de sélectionner les boîtes quantiques idéales pour l'étude individuelle en micro-photoluminescence. Nos mesures sur boîte unique révèlent des effets de diffusion spectrale que nous étudions en détails. En analysant la polarisation linéaire, nous observons des propriétés liées à la structure fine excitonique, très différentes de celles de boîtes quantiques étudiées auparavant, ce que nous expliquons à l'aide d'un modèle tenant compte des effets d'échange et d'anisotropie.
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Martins, Costa Marilia Teresa Cadillon. "Chimiste : un ensemble de logiciels de modélisation moléculaire quantique." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10183.
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Amélioration de la performance des méthodes semi-empiriques en étudiant les différentes possibilités d'accélération de convergence des méthodes SCF et la prise en compte de la symétrie moléculaire. Pour les vibrations moléculaires, l'étude théorique est basée sur un calcul analytique de la matrice des constantes de force, les modes normaux de vibration pouvant être exprimés en coordonnées internes ou en coordonnées de symétrie et représentés graphiquement selon les conventions usuelles. Réalisation d'un logiciel de localisation d'orbitales par les méthodes de ruedenberg et de boys, et d'un logiciel de visualisation graphique. Simplification de l'entrée des données par la mise au point d'un logiciel graphique intéractif
Books on the topic "Internet Quantique"
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Dowling, Jonathan P. Schrödinger's Web: Race to Build the Quantum Internet. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Dowling, Jonathan P. Schrödinger's Web: Race to Build the Quantum Internet. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Dowling, Jonathan P. Schrödinger's Web: Race to Build the Quantum Internet. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Dowling, Jonathan P. Schrödinger's Web: Race to Build the Quantum Internet. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Dowling, Jonathan P. Schrödinger's Web: Race to Build the Quantum Internet. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Schrödinger's Web: Race to Build the Quantum Internet. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Singh, Simon. Codici & segreti. La storia affascinante dei messaggi cifrati dall'antico Egitto a Internet. BUR Biblioteca Univ. Rizzoli, 2001.
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Singh, Simon. Geheime Botschaften: Die Kunst der Verschlüsselung von der Antike bis in die Zeiten des Internet. Dtv, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Internet Quantique"
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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Intercept only Poisson Regression Versus Quantile." In Quantile Regression in Clinical Research. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82840-0_10.
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Choi, Baek-Young, Zhi-Li Zhang, and David Hung-Chang Du. "Quantile Sampling for Practical Delay Monitoring in Internet Backbone Networks." In Scalable Network Monitoring in High Speed Networks. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0119-3_5.
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Sun, Xiaohan. "Using the Quantile Regression Model to Study the Impact of My Country’s Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain on the Real Economy." In Proceedings of the 2022 3rd International Conference on E-commerce and Internet Technology (ECIT 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-005-3_54.
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Cheng, Hao. "Establishment of Comprehensive Evaluation Indicators in Globalized National Image Using Quantile-Type Statistical Methods." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia230039.
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National image is a comprehensive reflection of a country’s performance on international stage and could be affected by an enormous amount of factors. To evaluate national image, the paper screens key variables using lasso penalized quantile regression first and then proposes a comprehensive evaluation indicator and modified partial least square algorithms based on the quantile-based third-order latent variable model. After data processing procedure, we choose 223 indicators and 61 economies from International Institute for Management Development World Competitiveness Yearbook. All 223 indicators can be summarized into four dimensionsthey are Economic Performance, Government Efficiency, Business Efficiency and Infrastructure. Each dimension can be reflected from 5 sub-dimensions, and each sub-dimension contains different numbers of indicators. Based on the real data, we accomplish national image evaluation and get different conclusions according to the explored quantile of interest.
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Rastogi, Krati, and Divya Lohani. "Edge Computing-Based Internet of Things Framework for Indoor Occupancy Estimation." In Research Anthology on Edge Computing Protocols, Applications, and Integration. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5700-9.ch031.
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Indoor occupancy estimation has become an important area of research in the recent past. Information about the number of people entering or leaving a building is useful in estimation of hourly sales, dynamic seat allocation, building climate control, etc. This work proposes a decentralized edge computing-based IoT framework in which the majority of the data analytics is performed on the edge, thus saving a lot of time and network bandwidth. For occupancy estimation, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration are used as inputs, and estimation models are developed using multiple linear regression, quantile regression, support vector regression, kernel ridge regression, and artificial neural networks. These estimations are compared using execution speed, power consumption, accuracy, root mean square error, and mean absolute percentage error.
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Iliopoulos, J., and T. N. Tomaras. "Gauge Interactions." In Elementary Particle Physics. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844200.003.0013.
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The principle of gauge symmetry is introduced as a consequence of the invariance of the equations of motion under local transformations. We apply it to Abelian, as well as non-Abelian, internal symmetry groups. We derive in this way the Lagrangian of quantum electrodynamics and that of Yang–Mills theories. We quantise the latter using the path integral method and show the need for unphysical Faddeev–Popov ghost fields. We exhibit the geometric properties of the theory by formulating it on a discrete space-time lattice. We show that matter fields live on lattice sites and gauge fields on oriented lattice links. The Yang–Mills field strength is related to the curvature in field space.
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Fan, Chenyou, Hengyang Lu, and Aimin Huang. "A Novel Differentiable Rank Learning Method Towards Stock Movement Quantile Forecasting." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia230328.
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We focus on Stock Movement Forecasting (SMF) using AI techniques to develop modern automated trading systems. Previous studies with deep-learning-based methodology have only considered binary up-or-down trends, ignoring the importance of fine-grained categorization of the stock movements to facilitate decision-making. However, the challenges of SMF arise from the randomness of the global market impacting cross-sectional stocks and the volatility of internal dynamics in each time series. To address these challenges, we present a novel end-to-end learning-to-rank framework that incorporates both market-level and stock-level dynamics. Specifically, we aim to identify cross-sectional stocks that exhibit notable movements at every time step and learn to rank steps with the most significant movements in the temporal dimension. We conduct extensive evaluations of our multi-task learning framework utilizing real-world market data, which demonstrate superior performance when compared to state-of-the-art methods, with improvements in the Gain and Sharpe Ratio by 5–15%.
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Elsner, James B., and Thomas H. Jagger. "Intensity Models." In Hurricane Climatology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199827633.003.0012.
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Strong hurricanes, such as Camille in 1969, Andrew in 1992, and Katrina in 2005, cause catastrophic damage. It is important to have an estimate of when the next big one will occur. You also want to know what influences the strongest hurricanes and whether they are getting stronger as the earth warms. This chapter shows you how to model hurricane intensity. The data are basinwide lifetime highest intensities for individual tropical cyclones over the North Atlantic and county-level hurricane wind intervals. We begin by considering trends using the method of quantile regression and then examine extreme-value models for estimating return periods. We also look at modeling cyclone winds when the values are given by category, and use Miami-Dade County as an example. Here you consider cyclones above tropical storm intensity (≥ 17 m s−1) during the period 1967–2010, inclusive. The period is long enough to see changes but not too long that it includes intensity estimates before satellite observations. We use “intensity” and “strength” synonymously to mean the fastest wind inside the cyclone. Consider the set of events defined by the location and wind speed at which a tropical cyclone first reaches its lifetime maximum intensity (see Chapter 5). The data are in the file LMI.txt. Import and list the values in 10 columns of the first 6 rows of the data frame by typing . . . > LMI.df = read.table("LMI.txt", header=TRUE) > round(head(LMI.df)[c(1, 5:9, 12, 16)], 1). . . The data set is described in Chapter 6. Here your interest is the smoothed intensity estimate at the time of lifetime maximum (WmaxS). First, convert the wind speeds from the operational units of knots to the SI units of meter per second. . . . > LMI.df$WmaxS = LMI.df$WmaxS * .5144 . . . Next, determine the quartiles (0.25 and 0.75 quantiles) of the wind speed distribution. The quartiles divide the cumulative distribution function (CDF) into three equal-sized subsets. . . . > quantile(LMI.df$WmaxS, c(.25, .75)) 25% 75% 25.5 46.0 . . . You find that 25 percent of the cyclones have a lifetime maximum wind speed less than 26 m s−1 and 75 percent have a maximum wind speed less than 46ms−1, so that 50 percent of all cyclones have a maximum wind speed between 26 and 46 m s−1 (interquartile range–IQR).
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Germain, Daniel, Sébastien Roy, and Antonio Jose Teixera Guerra. "Empirical Rainfall Thresholds for Landslide Occurrence in Serra do Mar, Angra dos Reis, Brazil." In Landslides [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100244.
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In the tropical environment such as Brazil, the frequency of rainfall-induced landslides is particularly high because of the rugged terrain, heavy rainfall, increasing urbanization, and the orographic effect of mountain ranges. Since such landslides repeatedly interfere with human activities and infrastructures, improved knowledge related to spatial and temporal prediction of the phenomenon is of interest for risk management. This study is an analysis of empirical rainfall thresholds, which aims to establish local and regional scale correlations between rainfall and the triggering of landslides in Angra dos Reis in the State of Rio de Janeiro. A statistical analysis combining quantile regression and binary logistic regression was performed on 1640 and 526 landslides triggered by daily rainfall over a 6-year period in the municipality and the urban center of Angra dos Reis, in order to establish probabilistic rainfall duration thresholds and assess the role of antecedent rainfall. The results show that the frequency of landslides is highly correlated with rainfall events, and surprisingly the thresholds in dry season are lower than those in wet season. The aspect of the slopes also seems to play an important role as demonstrated by the different thresholds between the southern and northern regions. Finally, the results presented in this study provide new insight into the spatial and temporal dynamics of landslides and rainfall conditions leading to their activation in this tropical and mountainous environment.
Conference papers on the topic "Internet Quantique"
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Zhou, Yangjun, and Shuo Liang. "LSTM Based Quantile Regression Method for Holiday Load Forecasting." In 2020 IEEE 4th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei250167.2020.9347306.
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Zhou, Xiao, Kang Gong, Changdong Zhu, Jing Hua, and Zhigao Xu. "Optimal Energy Management Strategy Considering Forecast Uncertainty Based on LSTM-Quantile Regression." In 2020 IEEE 4th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei250167.2020.9347295.
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Wang, Xia, and Xinyu Wang. "A Study on Characteristics of China Open-End Fund Flow Changes Based on Quantile Regression." In 2010 International Conference on Internet Technology and Applications (iTAP 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itapp.2010.5566090.
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Fan, Hengguang, Xiaoqing Han, Kejiang Li, and Tianhao Song. "Electricity Price Prediction Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition and Minimum Gated Memory Network Quantile Regression." In 2021 IEEE 5th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei252483.2021.9712879.
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Ruolin, Cao, Wang Ke, and Wu Feng. "Research on the Probability Prediction Method of Electricity Price Response Load based on CNNLSTM and Quantile Regression Fusion." In 2023 IEEE 7th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei259745.2023.10513066.
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Rehm, F., S. Vallecorsa, K. Borras, and D. Krücker. "BENCHMARK OF GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETWORKS FOR FAST HEP CALORIMETER SIMULATIONS." In 9th International Conference "Distributed Computing and Grid Technologies in Science and Education". Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54546/mlit.2021.30.99.001.
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Highly precise simulations of elementary particles interaction and processes are fundamental toaccurately reproduce and interpret the experimental results in High Energy Physics (HEP) detectorsand to correctly reconstruct the particle flows. Today, detector simulations typically rely on MonteCarlo-based methods which are extremely demanding in terms of computing resources. The need forsimulated data at future experiments - like the ones that will run at the High Luminosity Large HadronCollider (HL-LHC) - are expected to increase by orders of magnitude, increasing drastically thecomputational challenge. This expectation motivates the research for alternative deep learning-basedsimulation strategies.In this research we speed-up HEP detector simulations for the specific case of calorimeters usingGenerative Adversarial Networks (GANs) with a huge factor of over 150 000x compared to thestandard Monte Carlo simulations. This could only be achieved by designing smart convolutional 2Dnetwork architectures for generating 3D images representing the detector volume. Detailed physicsevaluation shows an accuracy similar to the Monte Carlo simulation.Furthermore, we quantize the data format for the neural network architecture (float32) with the IntelLow Precision Optimization tool (LPOT) to a reduced precision (int8) data format. This results in anadditional 1.8x speed-up on modern Intel hardware while maintaining the physics accuracy. Theseexcellent results consolidate the beneficial use of GANs for future fast detector simulations
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Lai, Qiuxia, Yu Li, Ailing Zeng, Minhao Liu, Hanqiu Sun, and Qiang Xu. "Information Bottleneck Approach to Spatial Attention Learning." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/108.
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The selective visual attention mechanism in the human visual system (HVS) restricts the amount of information to reach visual awareness for perceiving natural scenes, allowing near real-time information processing with limited computational capacity. This kind of selectivity acts as an ‘Information Bottleneck (IB)’, which seeks a trade-off between information compression and predictive accuracy. However, such information constraints are rarely explored in the attention mechanism for deep neural networks (DNNs). In this paper, we propose an IB-inspired spatial attention module for DNN structures built for visual recognition. The module takes as input an intermediate representation of the input image, and outputs a variational 2D attention map that minimizes the mutual information (MI) between the attention-modulated representation and the input, while maximizing the MI between the attention-modulated representation and the task label. To further restrict the information bypassed by the attention map, we quantize the continuous attention scores to a set of learnable anchor values during training. Extensive experiments show that the proposed IB-inspired spatial attention mechanism can yield attention maps that neatly highlight the regions of interest while suppressing backgrounds, and bootstrap standard DNN structures for visual recognition tasks (e.g., image classification, fine-grained recognition, cross-domain classification). The attention maps are interpretable for the decision making of the DNNs as verified in the experiments. Our code is available at this https URL.
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Prots, Andriy, Lars Högner, Matthias Voigt, Ronald Mailach, and Florian Danner. "Improved Quality Assessment of Probabilistic Simulations and Application to Turbomachinery." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-16147.
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Abstract Probabilistic methods are gaining in importance in aerospace engineering due to their ability to describe the behavior of the system in the presence of input value variance. A frequently employed probabilistic method is the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). There, a sample of random representative realizations is evaluated deterministically and their results are afterwards analyzed with statistical methods. Possible statistical results are mean, standard deviation, quantile values and correlation coefficients. Since the sample is generated randomly, the result of a MCS will differ for each repetition. Therefore, it can be regarded as a random variable. Confidence Intervals (CIs) are commonly used to quantify this variance. To gain the true CI, many repetitions of the MCS have to be conducted, which is not desirable due to limitations in time and computational power. Hence, analytical formulations or bootstrapping is used to estimate the CI. In order to reduce the variance of the result of a MCS, sampling techniques with variance reduction properties like Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) are commonly used. But the known methods to determine the CI do not consider this variance reduction and tend to overestimate it instead. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict the change of the CI size with increasing size of the sample. In the present work, new methods to calculate the CI are introduced. They allow a more precise CI estimation when LHS is used for a MCS. For this purpose, the system is approximated by means of a meta model. The distribution of the result value is now approximated by repeating the MCS many times. The time consuming deterministic calculations of a MCS are thus replaced with an evaluation on the meta model. These so called virtual MCS can therefore be performed in a short amount of time. The estimated distribution of the result value can be used to estimate the CI. It is, however, not sufficient to use only the meta model. The error ε, defined as the difference between the true value y and the approximated value y, must be considered as well. The generated meta model can also be used to predict the size of the CI at different sample sizes. The suggested methods were applied to two test cases. The first test case examines a structural mechanics application of a bending beam, which features low computational cost. This allows to show that the predicted sizes of the CI are sufficiently precise. The second test case covers the aerodynamic application. Therefore, an aerodynamic Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis accounting for geometrical variations of NASA’s Rotor 37 is conducted. For this, the blade is parametrized with the in-house tool Blade2Parameter. For different sample sizes, blades are generated using this parametrization. Their geometrical variance is based on experience values. CFD calculations for these blades are performed with the commercial software NUMECA. Afterwards, the CIs for result values of interest like mechanical efficiency are evaluated with the presented methods. The suggested methods predict a narrower and thus less conservative CI.