Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Internet – Utilisation'
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Pierre, Xavier. "Utilisation du réseau informatique internet en médecine générale en France." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2M092.
Full textRochdi, Mounir. "Utilisation des agents conversationnels pour la diffusion de l'information." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30001.
Full textThe use of the multiple robots available on the Web constitutes today a stage impossible to circumvent in the search for information on Internet. Several of these robots make it possible to identify, more or less quickly, the pages likely to meet a definite need. But the possibilities of research does not prevent from being drowned under the volume of the answers and to be disappointed by impossibility in certain cases, to supervise the evolution of a research. These tools, more or less sophisticated appeared to help the processes technology watch. In complement of the simultaneous interrogation of various robots and directories, these tools indeed make it possible to eliminate the doubled blooms to check the validity of the bonds, to download the results monitoring the appearance of new documents on a subject or aspiring a site while monitoring its updates. Within this framework, we developed a virtual assistant allowing to answer the questions posed by the Net surfers. Work presents the use and the development of Chatterbot within the framework of a data-processing of the Cybion Company
Bonnefoi, Rémi. "Utilisation de la radio intelligente pour un réseau mobile à faible consommation d’énergie." Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CSUP0001.
Full textThe reduction of the carbon footprint of human activities is one of the current major economic and ecological challenges. Communication networks have a dual role in this reduction. On one hand, mobile networks, and in particular the base stations, are nowadays an important energy consumer. It is, thus, necessary to optimize their behavior in order to reduce their carbon footprint. On the other hand, some communication networks are necessary to better manage the electrical grid. Thanks to this better management, it is possible to improve the proportion of electricity produced by renewable energy sources.In this thesis, we look at both aspects. In a first step, we propose a solution to reduce the energy consumption of wireless mobile networks. For that purpose, we propose algorithms that optimize the power allocation when Cell Discontinuous Transmission is used by the base stations.In a second step, we propose a solution in order to improve the performance of Internet of Things networks used for the electrical grid. More precisely, we use multi-armed bandit algorithm for channel selection in IoT networks as a means of increasing the reliability of communications
Laconi, Stéphanie. "Addiction à internet : définitions et évaluations." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20085.
Full textInternet addiction has been the subject of numerous studies worldwide, during the last twenty years. Yet, no consensus on its definition or diagnosis criteria has been admitted, which therefore is triggering numerous debates. The present research aims to study the conceptualization of Internet addiction mainly through its assessment tools, and to fill in the lack of empirical data among French samples.Study 1 - Aim: To assess the measurement tools for Internet addiction and their psychometric properties. Results: Forty-five tools assessing Internet addiction were identified, of which only seventeen had been evaluated more than once in terms of their psychometric properties. Most of the existing scales for Internet addiction require further validation work. Despite criticism, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) appears to be the scale with the most empirical support. However, numerous promising scales warrant further examination.Study 2 - Aim: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Online Cognition Scale (OCS). Results: Confirmatory factorial analyses showed that the 4-factor solution did not demonstrate satisfactory fit but the 5-factor model was found to better fit the data. Our results revealed that the scale scores demonstrated excellent internal consistency and satisfying inter-item correlation and test-retest reliability. The OCS was significantly correlated with the IAT, time spent online and depressive symptoms at both time points.Study 3 - Aim: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale-2 and the relevance of the Generalized Problematic Internet Use (GPIU) model among French users. Results: Path analysis provided support for this conceptual model of problematic Internet use, and a good fit to the data. The psychometric properties of the French version of the GPIUS-2 were satisfying, including reliability, concurrent and convergent validities, suggesting the usefulness of this multidimensional tool.Study 4 - Aim: To explore the relationship between GPIU and Specific Problematic Internet Uses (SPIU) Results: Our analysis revealed significant relationships between GPIU, psychopathological symptoms and most of SPIU, with many differences according to gender and age. SPIUcommunication scores significantly predict GPIU scores among the whole sample, whereas SPIUinformation seeking and gaming, and depressive symptoms were only significant among women, men and young adults, and SPIUconsumption of video/music and time spent online, among women and young adults
Saïdi, Samantha Larouk Omar. "Utilisation des Métadonnées dans les Sites Fédérateurs de "Qualité Contrôlée" ou SBIG." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessride/rrbsaidi.pdf.
Full textRouissi, Soufiane. "Intelligence et normalisation dans la production des documents numériques : cas de la communauté universitaire." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30047.
Full textOur object of study is the numerical document, in particular taking into consideration use of members of the university community brought more and more to produce some. The actual situation requires the use of open and shared specifications to produce and describe the numerical documents (we present the specifications in the educational field). Our approach is based on the production in autonomous mode of the numerical documents. This production is favoured according to us by the new characteristics of the document (numerical), by the possibilities of generation automated in a standardized context. We pose the following assumption : in the numerical context, in particular in the numerical work environments (ENT), teachers produce, diffuse and use numerical documents, in particular for a teaching context. Our problem is thus to see how they could do it in a standardized way. Our demonstration is based on a study of the specifications in order to check their applicability according to the principle of production in autonomous mode (and semi autonomous) and on a study of the uses in progress (starting from an investigation) near members of the university community (Aquitaine, France). Our work thus consists in contributing to the reflexion in progress on the numerical document in particular in a standardized form for the teaching context at the University
Doan, Bich-Liên. "La recherche d'informations sur le World Wide Web : utilisation des méta-informations dans une architecture de systèmes de recherche coopérants." Saint-Etienne, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/94/12/54/PDF/2000_Doan_Bich-Lien.pdf.
Full textTwo types of search tools are currently used to help the user to find information on the Web : the search engines (Google) and the directories (Yahoo). However the answers are strongly soiled by noise for the search engines, and by silence for the directories. Moreover the problem which arises with these tools is to remain efficient as the volume of Web pages is growing continuously : it is the scalability. . . [etc. ]
Jansen, van Rensburg C. J. "Internet marketing management in the South African tourism industry : utilisation of the South African luxury hotel industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5038.
Full textThe objective of this specific research report is to analyse the internet marketing function within the South African tourism industry. Furthermore, the hotel industry is analysed to establish how the introduction of the internet changed the playing field in terms of marketing and how customer behaviour has changed over the past 13 years with the introduction of the internet to the already established global distribution systems (GOS) and computer reservation systems (CRS). An in-depth literature review is conducted to analyse the marketing function in general, after which an analysis in terms of production and services organisation is discussed. Here, the focus is on the 4 P and 7 P marketing mix theories of Michael Porter. The influence of the internet on the service marketing mix is discussed with specific reference to the luxury hotel industry. The specific research and interviews conducted in this study are focused on the luxury hotel industry in the Cape Town city area. Focus areas of the interviews with the specialist in the industry are on the following: • Influence of the internet on customer relationship management • Influence of the internet on the relationship between the luxury hotels and intermediaries • Influence of the internet on marketing functions such as cost and service. The findings of the primary research in the interviews are then compared to the findings in the literature review and recommendations and managerial implications are drawn in the final chapter of the research report.
Guichard, Éric. "L'internet : mesures des appropriations d'une technique intellectuelle." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0030.
Full textLe, Diouris Laurence Le Maréchal Jean-François. "Conception de sites internet et étude de leur utilisation dans différentes situations de recherche documentaire en collège et lycée." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2000/lediouris_l.
Full textLe, Diouris Laurence. "Conception de sites internet et étude de leur utilisation dans différentes situations de recherche documentaire en collège et lycée." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/lediouris_l.
Full textThis research deals with the design of Internet Sites about environemental pollution problems and the study of their use. We study documentary research performed by 15 to 17 year old students. On the one hand, we consider the design and development of information about environmental problems adapted to 15-17 year old pupils. Our theoretical framwork is based on didactic transposition and on studying how students learn. On the other hand, the study of the use of the sites aims at determining which factors can influence students' activities. More specifically, in theframework of broussean's theory of situations, we study the way they use and relate their own knowledge to the information on the Internet sites. So we use the theory of situations. We have constructed four successive siyuations and we have tape recoeded students' dialogues. The analysus of the collected data show that, all in all the situations, students develop the same approach for the research and the selection of the information based on a " and paste " strategy. Moreover, they don't use a great deal of their own knowledge to resolve proposed problems, relyng instead on information present within the sites. Never the less, it seems that a situation of comparison taking place after the documentary research involving four peers who have the same knowledge, lead the students to use their knowledge, to relate it to the information of the Internet sites and to develop new knowledge
Tremblay-Cantin, Claudie-Ann. "Les facteurs et barrières pour l'adoption des services électroniques gouvernementaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68414.
Full textE-government services are services offered by governments using information technology. Many governments are investing heavily in information technology so that to enhance service delivery to their citizens. However, citizens do not always use these services so that they often forgo their potential benefits. This is the case since important barriers often emerge and hinder the adoption and use of government e-services. Over the years, several studies examined the adoption of government e-services, building a rich albeit fragmented body of knowledge on these barriers in the process. Indeed, the diversity found in these studies and the fast and continuous change that characterizes information technology in general, make the identification and the synthesis of the adoption enablers and barriers, a relevant and timely endeavor. For this reason, this study builds on the findings of a systematic literature review to provide a high-level framework that conceptually structures the state of knowledge on the topic, and that exhaustively informs both researchers and practitioners on the enablers and barriers of e-government services by citizens. The proposed model identifies nine categories– citizen’s internal, risk and security, practicality, sociodemographic, social, potential benefits, User Output, citizen’s trust, and government related–that can shape citizens’ adoption decisions of government e-services and that need to be considered by researchers and by practitioners alike.
ZANOTELLI, REIVANI CHISTE. "LÊS PROFESSEURS UNIVERSITAIRES FACE À DES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES : L`UTILISATION DE L`ORDINATEUR ET DE L`INTERNET AU TRAVAIL QUOTIDIEN." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=13977@1.
Full textL`actuel panorama éducationnel et économique est façonné par deux forces puissantes: la technologie et l`information. La société d`information, successeur de la société industrielle, s`introduit et modèle presque tous les aspects de la vie quotidienne. La révolution digitale est en train de modifier, de façon fondamentale, nos concepts d`espace et de temps. D`ailleurs, les universités représentent un modèle singulier de management et dissémination de connaissances, vue que elles utilisent l`information comme facteur stratégique, l`homme comme agent receveur et générateur d idées et la technologie pour la valorisation du travail. Les nouvelles expressions digitales ne demandent seulement de l infrastructure mais demandent également une évolution des modèles d apprentissage - enseignement et concepts. Toutes les catégories professionnelles sont touchées, et le professeur universitaire n est pas à l extérieur de ce processus. La recherche qui a donnée la base pour cette thèse a été développée par deux dimensions. La dimension théorique est fondée dans les présuppositions des scientifiques sociales qui font de la recherche sur ce thème. Ces scientifiques essayent d apporter une idée plus approfondie des effets des transformations sociales en train de se dérouler au travail et au monde d une manière générale. Pour la recherche empirique, 10 professeurs qu ont plus de 15 ans d expérience dans l’enseignement universitaire se sont exprimés par des entretiens directes, semi-structurés, à propos de ses pratiques actuelles comme enseignants d`universités et également sur la façon qu`ils perçoivent et expérimentent les changements dans l ambiant de travail d`un monde analogique vers un monde digitale. À partir des récits des professeurs il est possible de conclure que l`utilisation des ressources de la Technologie de l Information est de plus en plus présente au milieu éducationnel universitaire, bien que nous sommes encore dans une phase de transition. Ainsi, une partie des professeurs aperçoivent des changements impactant au travail, en revanche, il y a des enseignants qui pensent que les nouvelles technologies, en spéciale l`internet et l`ordinateur, n`ont pas modifié d`une manière significative ses pratiques d`enseignement.
O atual panorama educacional e econômico vem sendo moldado por duas poderosas forças: tecnologia e informação. A sucessora da sociedade industrial – a sociedade de informação – penetra e molda quase todos os aspectos da vida diária. A revolução digital vem alterando, de maneira fundamental, nossos conceitos de espaço e tempo. Nesse sentido, as universidades representam um modelo singular de gestão e disseminação de conhecimentos, uma vez que utilizam a informação como um fator estratégico, o homem como agente receptor e gerador de idéias e a tecnologia para a valorização do trabalho. As novas expressões digitais exigem da sociedade não apenas infra-estrutura, mas também uma evolução nos padrões de aprendizagem - ensino e conceitos. Da mesma maneira, todas as categorias profissionais são, de alguma forma, afetadas e o professor de Ensino Superior não fica de fora deste processo. A pesquisa que fundamenta a presente tese desenvolveu-se pautada em duas dimensões: teórica e prática. A teórica se fundamenta nas pressuposições levantadas por cientistas sociais que vêm se debruçando sobre o tema no intuito dar um sentido mais amplo dos efeitos das transformações sociais que estão acontecendo no trabalho e no mundo de modo geral. Já na pesquisa de campo, através de entrevistas face-a-face semi-estruturadas, 10 professores de ensino superior com mais de 15 anos de experiência, puderam expressar, não somente suas práticas atuais como docentes de instituições de Ensino Superior, mas também, como estão percebendo e vivenciando as mudanças que ocorreram no seu campo de trabalho, na transição de um mundo analógico para um mundo digital. A partir da fala dos professores concluiu-se que o uso dos recursos da Tecnologia da Informação está cada vez mais difundido no meio acadêmico, mas que ainda estamos vivendo em uma fase de transição. Assim, por um lado, parte dos professores percebe mudanças impactantes na sua rotina de trabalho; outros, porém, partilham da opinião de que as novas tecnologias, em especial a Internet e o computador não alteraram, significativamente, a sua prática acadêmica.
Saghezchi, Firooz Bashashi. "Game theory for effective resource utilisation in 5G applications." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16955.
Full textEsta tese tem como objetivo fornecer afirmações conclusivas em relação a utilização eficiente de recursos para redes e aplicações de 5G (5a geração) com recurso a teoria dos jogos. Neste contexto, investigamos dois cenários principais, um relativo a comunicações móveis e um outro relativo a redes inteligentes. Uma métrica importante para o desenho das redes móveis emergentes é a eficiência energética, com particular ênfase no lado do dispositivo móvel, onde as tecnologias das baterias são ainda limitadas. Alguns trabalhos de investigação relacionados têm demonstrado que a cooperação pode ser um paradigma útil no sentido de resolver o problema do défice energético. Contudo, pretendemos ir mais além, ao definir a cooperação e os utilizadores móveis como um grupo de jogadores racionais, que podem atuar sobre estratégias e utilidades, por forma a escolher a retransmissão mais apropriada para poupança de energia. Esta interpretação presta-se à aplicação da teoria dos jogos, e recorremos assim aos jogos coalicionais para solucionar conflitos de interesse entre dispositivos cooperantes, empregando Programação Linear (LP) para resolver o problema da selecção da retransmissão e derivar a principal solução do jogo. Os resultados mostram que a escolha do jogo de retransmissão coalicional proposto pode potencialmente duplicar a duração da bateria, numa era em que a próxima geração de dispositivos móveis necessitará de cada vez mais energia para suportar serviços e aplicações cada vez mais sofisticados. O segundo cenário investiga a resposta da procura em aplicações smart grid, que está a ganhar interesse sob a égide do 5G e que é considerada uma abordagem promissora, incentivando os utilizadores a consumir electricidade de forma mais uniforme em horas de vazio. Recorremos novamente à teoria dos jogos, imaginando as interacções estratégicas entre a empresa fornecedora de energia eléctrica e os potenciais utilizadores finais como um jogo de forma extensiva. São abordados dois programas em tempo real de resposta à procura: Day-Ahead Pricing (DAP) e Convex Pricing Tariffs. A resposta dos consumidores residenciais conscientes dos preços destas tarifas, é formulada como um problema de Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) ou Quadratic Programming (QP), nos quais as soluções potenciais são o agendamento dos seus electrodomésticos inteligentes de modo a minimizar os seus gastos diários de electricidade, satisfazendo as suas necessidades diárias de energia e níveis de conforto. Os resultados demonstram que implementar o programa DAP pode reduzir a razão Peak-to-Average (PAR) at e 71% e as faturas de consumo das casas inteligentes at e 32%. Para além disso, a aplicação de tarifas convexas em tempo real pode melhorar ainda mais estas métricas de desempenho, alcançando uma redução de 80% do PAR e uma economia de mais de 50% na faturação da energia residencial.
This research thesis aims to provide conclusive statements towards effective resource utilization for 5G (5th Generation) mobile networks and applications using game theory. In this context, we investigate two key scenarios pertaining to mobile communications and smart grids. A pivotal design driver for the upcoming era of mobile communications is energy efficiency, with particular emphasis on the mobile side where battery technology is still limited. Related works have shown that cooperation can be a useful engineering paradigm to take a step towards solving the energy deficit. However, we go beyond by envisaging cooperation and mobile users as a game of rational players, that can act on strategies and utilities in order to choose the most appropriate relay for energy saving. This interpretation lends itself to the application of game theory, and we look at coalitional games to settle conflicts of interest among cooperating user equipments, and employ Linear Programming (LP) to solve the relay selection problem and to derive the core solution of the game. The results reveal that adopting the proposed coalitional relaying game can potentially double battery lifetime, in an era where the next wave of next generation handsets will be more energy demanding supporting sophisticated services and applications. The second scenario investigates demand response in smart grid applications, which is also gaining momentum under the umbrella of 5G, which is a promising approach urging end-users to consume electricity more evenly during nonpeak hours of the day. Again, we resort to game theory and picture the strategic interactions between the electric utility company and the potential end-users as an extensive form game. Two real-time demand response programmes are addressed, namely Day-Ahead Pricing (DAP) and convex pricing tariffs. The response of price-aware residential consumers to these programmes is formulated as Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) or Quadratic Programming (QP) problem, which optimally schedule their smart home appliances so as to minimise their daily electricity expenses while satisfying their daily energy needs and comfort levels. The results demonstrate that implementing the DAP programme can reduce the Peakto- Average Ratio (PAR) of demand by up to 71% and cut smart households bill by 32%. Moreover, applying real-time convex pricing tariffs can push these performance metrics even further, achieving 80% PAR reduction and more than 50% saving on the household electricity bill.
Benzaid, Mounir. "Utilisation des techniques des réseaux ad-hoc pour l'optimisation de la mobilité dans les réseaux IP." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112060.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with fourth generation mobile communication networks and aims at studying universal IP mobility. This solution, totally based on IP, uses ad-hoc wireless access networks. This thesis focuses on three main topics:- Macro-mobility and micro-mobility management. We have designed and implemented a hierarchical architecture combining, on the one hand, Mobile IP for macro-mobility management, and on the other hand, ad-hoc routing for micro-mobility management. The basic idea consists in providing the equivalent of roaming and handoff facilities used in cellular networks. Global location is ensured by Mobile IP and local location is given by OLSR. OLSR, link state routing protocol for ad-hoc networks, is based on multipoint relays that ensure optimized flooding of control messages. We have shown how to integrate Mobile IP and OLSR. Notice that this architecture also allows ad-hoc networks to be interconnected to the Internet. - The feasibility of this architecture and the cooperation between Mobile IP and OLSR protocols, have been demonstrated by tests and performance measurements, carried out on a platform interconnecting several ad-hoc networks. - Fast mobility management. In order to allow mobile nodes to move fast will keeping the overhead reasonable, we have proposed the Fast-OLSR protocol. Performances and scalability of Fast-OLSR have been evaluated by simulation
Tatsos, Patrice. "Utilisation d’une ontologie différentielle pour l’élaboration de licences d’exploitation de contenus numériques : du formalisme à la transparence cognitive." Reims, 2007. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000732.pdf.
Full textDigital Rigths Management (DRM) systems appear quite recently. They aim to use the rights expression languages (REL) to express and manage the rights of use for exchanging contents. Each DRM has his own REL. Unfortunatly, those differents languages are not interoperables,that is to say that the rightholders have to express for one content a license for each device (each device has his own DRM : PCuse Windows DRM, mobiles use OMA DRM, Ipod use Apple DRM…). To help rihgtholders to express liceses only once, we use a differential ontology to define a REL with is generic. This ontology of licenses is then used to translate the licences expressed by our REL into RELs. This thesis deals about the way to use the ontolgy (wich is a formal object) to generate licenses. We start from a formal structure to define a dynamic dialog with users. Using the semantics, and the differential ontology principles of the ontology, we infor and lead the user, so he can express his licence and translate it into the REL chose
Foucault, Béatrice. "Les stratégies de navigation au sein des sites Web : approche cognitive des caractéristiques fonctionnelles des tâches et des utilisateurs." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20044.
Full text@These days surfing the Web has become extremely commonplace in society. However, many users often find themselves disorientated amidst the ever-growing mass of information. Taking into account the nature of this problematic, this study aimed to analyse the navigation strategies of Internet users and to understand the cognitive functioning used, in order to be able to conceive more adapted websites and services. An attempt was made to specify regular users'navigation strategies by considering two major strategies in particular, which we referred to a "spatial" and "conceptual", respecting several pluralist psychological perspectives related to tasks. Through several experimentations, taking into account each the characteristics of the user, task and subject*task interaction, it became clear that both of the strategies were affected by both inter and intra-individual variables. The "pregnance" (task-side) and "saillance" (user-side) of spatial and conceptual elements of information are very much at the root of the mobilization of any navigation strategy, which can, under certain circumstances, co-ordinate or substitue themselves. Finally, concerning the implications of this study, a model of website navigation activity is suggested, as well as several ergonomic guidelines for website designers
Courtiol-Jullia, Patricia. "Analyse des situations "routinières" de communication médiatisées via le web." Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30070.
Full textPresent day websites connecting the publication of documents, the potential of having a chat session and the possibility of remote access. In our attempt to analyse media objects from the point of view of communications in process, we have therefore tried to comprehend the uses that once institutionalised the long gone period of enchantement, discovery and knowing how to function le dispositif. Our research also intends to analyse and comprehend from the point of view of generalised communication how a web-user uses a site, on a regular basis, starting from his own bookmarks or from the mailing lists to which he has subscribed. Engaged to a communicational approach based on systemism, constructivism and phenology we have particularly stressed the concepts of situation and contextualisation
Didelon, Clarisse. "UNE NOUVELLE ROUTE DE LA SOIE ? UTILISATION DES MOYENS DE COMMUNICATION DANS LES ENTREPRISES DE LA FILIÈRE DE LA SOIE EN INDE." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011167.
Full textGiudici, Gabriella. "Les mutations de l'internet entre régulation juridique et pratiques de file sharing." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131007.
Full textThis work is about the main Internet conflict and maine changes generated by the struggles between file sharing networks and copyright owners. Governance attemps to nullify peer-to-peer networks dramatically change regulation philosophy wherein legislative approach is weakened in favour of technological control. This research is developped as an analysis of juridical and technological debates in U. S. A. , with the goal of represent the developments of both critical theory and norms building as an answer of share practices. Its first part is dedicated to the definition of digital exception, that is Internet birth as a free and non commercial space, and to the foundation of Internet criticism after privatization of infrastructures, that coincide with cyberlaw emergence. Its second part represents critical debate evolution, across legitimation of technological turn of copyright law and incoming of American cyberlaw towards technological approach of «Internet enhancement» and «trusted system» debates. Finally, its third part deals with the judicial and technological history of file sharing networks, in the goal of suggesting a sociological definition of these practises, by compared economics (disruptive tecnology) and anthropological (hi-tech gift economy) interpretations produced by literature about this argument
Bailly, Florence. "Les pratiques professionnelles des écrits électroniques entre technologie cognitive et technologie de communication." Rouen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ROUEL409.
Full textAfter having been pressed into clay, inscribed on papyrus and printed on paper writing, which dates back to about 3000 B. C. Has now found a new medium thanks to computer technology. The study of usages by staffs in tertiary industries leads to a dual approach. On one hand what is generally known as cognitive technology deals with the impact of electronic writing on the mechanics of learning and thinking, interacting with the development of professional knowledge. On the other hand communication technology deals with temporal and spatial issues, directly interacting with work environment
Brown, Genavee. "Les différences culturelles dans l'usage de Facebook entre les Etats-Unis et la France." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20020/document.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation was to study différences between France and the United States in Facebook use and the way students in each country may adapt their usage to their cultural values. We then present two lines of research each containing two studies. The first line of research examines différences in Facebook use between France and the U.S. concerning network size, network composition, communication styles (public v. private), and the collection of social capital. Results show that Americans have larger, more heterogeneous networks, use more public forms of communication, and garner social capital from distant as well as close ties. French students have smaller, more homogeneous networks, use more private forms of communication, and garner social capital primarily from close ties. The second line of research aims to deepen our understanding of the différent styles of use in each country. First, the prevalence of latent ties, ties with whom one never communicates, was examined and their effect on social capital in the U.S. Results showed that Americans' networks were composed of 40% latent ties and these ties were associated with decreased social capital. Second, French students' tendency to communicate primarily with close ties was examined to see if it could help them adapt socially to university. Results showed that Facebook communication with a new close friend at the beginning of the semester was positively associated with social adaptation mid-semester. Results are discussed in terms of which types of Facebook use are adaptive in différent cultural contexts along with limits and future research perspectives
Wenski-Béthoux, Christiane. "Utilisation de produits multimédia pour la construction de compétences lexicale : analyse linguistique, psycholinguistique et didactique des apports des cédéroms, des sites Internet et du travail en tandem pour l'apprentissage de l'allemand langue seconde." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/wenski_c.
Full textAdding a computer to the classic teacher/student relationship causes both teachers' and students' working methods to change. Multimedia products claim a mediatisation of knowledge, but how and up to what point can they achieve this target concerning lexical acquisition in German as a foreign language? By studying the lexical language system, cognitive processes in the memory, and certain pedagogical and didactic bases, we will consider this question with reference to the following multimedia tools : four CD-Roms (Einblicke, Tell Me More, Reflex' Deutsch, Infolangue), the web pages of "LernNetz Deutsch" and an email tandem method between a German student and a German native speaker. The aim is to show that the three media motivate learners, encourage various strategies of decoding or encoding of lexical units, as well as the use of several lexical aids. Nevertheless, the preliminary programming restricts both the activities and the "interactive" reactions offered by the machine. The intervention of a language teacher who corrects students' "free" writing, and guides them in their lexical acquisition is essential. The teacher becomes an adviser who individualizes students' work, and makes it more important by giving the students' more responsibility, but also by training them to use multimedia products efficiently
Morgand, Audrey. "Instrumentalisation des outils de gestion : cas de trois réseaux sociaux universitaires d'insertion professionnelle en France." Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0039.
Full textThis thesis reports on an exploratory research about logic from practices and instrumentation within social networks for the employment of university graduates. This work aims at approaching in an original way, the recent emergence of academic social medias through a sociological perspective. The goal is to uncover the modes of coordination and cooperation logic of collective action. The research involves the theory of strategic actor and sociology of organized action. The protocol is based on the study of three cases of academic social networks, built on semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations. The interpretation brings out the logic of instrumentalization of practices and social network management tools. The results highlight practical DIY and compilation tools without apparent complementarity. These practices allow players to create an opacity on available resources and coordinate their activities. Regulation and coordination of collective action is seen through the existence of a concrete system of action. The results specify logics serving an umbrella partnership. For example, research shows that logics of instruments and practices’manipulation allow players to perform logics of shifts goals to exceed the initial purposes, maintain their power and preserve their margins of freedom
Wenski-Béthoux, Christiane Poitou Jacques. "Utilisation de produits multimédia pour la construction de compétences lexicale analyse linguistique et psycholinguistique et didactique des apports des cédéroms, des sites Internet et du travail en tandem pour l'apprentissage de l'allemand langue seconde /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/wenski_c.
Full textZhang, Liping. "Utilisation des réseaux sociaux numériques par des étudiants chinois nouvellement arrivés en France : une étude comparative entre Facebook et Renren." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2082.
Full textThis research aims at comparing digital identity and nature of the peculiarities of interactive written language on two digital social networks (Facebook and Renren). We are interested in the difference between the digital identity of these two digital social networks, one is worldwide used (except a few countries such as China) and the other is mainly used by the Chinese. Is that the digital identity of one person is also the same on these two different social network sites? How the users interact and express vis-à-vis different friends in different digital context? Can the online interactions manifest emotional aspects? In order to respond to these problems, this research questions the digital identity and their function in the identity construction, the relational and social aspects of online interaction, the types of emotions expressed in the online interactions, and the role of emoticon in the expression of emotions of these two digital social networks. The data analysis enables to identify the linguistic, social and emotional phenomena in online interactions of the corpus of study. Interviews and questionnaires clarify the analysis of the experience and the feeling of the different actors. So throughout the description of case use of Facebook and Renren by four newly arrived Chinese students in France, this work attempts to better understand the features of digital identity and interactive exchange of these two digital social networks
Mery-Bories, Julie. "Utilisation des cellules souches pluripotentes humaines pour avancer dans la compréhension des atteintes neuromusculaires associées à la Dystrophie Myotonique de type 1 Building neuromuscular junctions invitro." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. https://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2021/interne/2021UPASL012.pdf.
Full textMyotonic Dystrophy type I (DM1) is a rare neuromuscular disease that is mainly characterized by myotonia, progressive muscle weakness and wasting. DM1 is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by an expanded CTG repeat in the 3' UTR of DMPK gene. This abnormal expansion leads to a toxic gain-of-function of the mutated mRNAs which aggregate within the nucleus in association with different RNA binding proteins such as the MBNL family proteins. Several studies suggest the involvement of motoneurons and the neuromuscular junction in the muscular defects observed in DM1 patients. However, the mechanisms by which this intercellular system might be affected in DM1 is still poorly understood. The aim of this project was to decipher the direct and indirect consequences of the DMPK mutation and the impact of MBNL sequestration in the pre-synaptic compartment and determine the pathological contribution of motorneurons in DM1 physiopathology. Thanks to the recent development by the team of a protocol allowing the efficient conversion of human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), our results demonstrated that DM1 hiPSC-derived motoneurons exhibit a defective neuritic arborization that can be mimicked by the depletion of MBNL proteins. To further evaluate the functional consequences of these findings, we developed a humanized cellular model based on the coculture of hiPSC-derived motoneurons and micropatterned human primary skeletal muscle cells. Our results demonstrated that expression of DM1 mutation only in the pre-synaptic compartment led to functional defects at the post-synaptic level. Interestingly, similar results were obtained with the specific depletion of MBNL proteins in the pre-synaptic compartment.Thanks to a transcriptomic approach, we identified a panel of deregulated genes involved in synaptic plasticity which may affect function or stability of the neuromuscular junction. Altogether, these findings hold several new implications for DM pathogenesis
Foin, Géraldine. "Usages d’Internet et implication dans le travail scolaire : approche ethnographique et quantitative d’étudiants de licence." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0122/document.
Full textUses of the Internet and involvement in school work: ethnographic and quantitative approach of undergraduate degree studentThe influence of Internet practices on student involvement in undergraduate work. This doctoral work looks at a particular aspect of first year students undergraduate experience, notably their level of scholarly involvement within the context of an increasingly prevalent digital world. Some key aspects of the study include documenting student appropriation, relationship to, and use of the Internet (strategies employed) within their academic studies. To examine the relationship between first year students Internet use and their academic studies, this study looked primarily at laptop usage during and outside of class over a period of three to six months. What is innovative about this study is its use of both non-digital and digital data collection methodologies. Non-digital data collection included observation, questionnaire and interviews. Digital data collection, via software, which was installed on students computers, permitted an extremely detailed, account of undergraduate digital practices. The analysis within and between these numerous data collection approaches provided a more in-depth understanding of students digital practices ( the particular use of social media in academic studies) and enabled an examination of the coherency between reported practices and actual practices recorded (the organization of breaks or the continuous use of the Internet during school work). This study shows that the use of the Internet by students is not homogeneous to this population and the impact it can have on studies is more complex than it seems
Carriere, Glenda Mary. "Going Up the Down Escalator: An ethnographic case study of the uptake and utilisation of information and communication technologies by three Women in Film and Television (WIFT) organisations at the State, National and International level, 1995-2000." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16020/.
Full textNdayishimiye, Pascal. "Utilisation d'un biocarburant à base d'huile de palme dans les moteurs à combustion interne." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT2071.
Full textThe physical and chemical properties of palm oil are very similar to those of diesel fuel. Thus, palm oil can be used pure without engine modifications. However, its viscosity remains a major obstacle to its direct use. Therefore, the viscosity must be reduced close to that for diesel fuel. The various methods currently used to reduce the viscosity are expensive and often inaccessible, particularly for the countries, potential producers of palm oil. This work aims to explore alternative ways and methods of treatment less expensive and easy to implement. Various processes (preheating, dilution, transesterification and mixtures) were used and the biofuels made were tested in a diesel engine. The results were analyzed and compared. There is a slight reduction in thermal efficiency and an increase in fuel consumption, but there is a significant reduction of pollutant emissions, except for oxides of nitrogen. In light of these results, all palm oil based fuels made can be used in an unmodified engine without altering their characteristics. The results analysis allowed identifying the mixture which showcases the best benefits in terms of combustion characteristics, performances, pollutant emissions and the production cost. From the results of the economic analysis conducted, the cost of biofuel made shows that the biodiesel production process is not economically viable, at least if diesel price remains at its current level
Okah, Atenga Xaverie-Euphémie. "Evolution de la pratique des instruments de la politique monétaire : utilisation interne et externe." Paris 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA020009.
Full textLarher, Yann-Maël. "Les relations numériques de travail." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020012/document.
Full textAn emerging phenomenon, online social network and mobile apps usage has increased exponentially and is becoming widespread. Their exponential adoption offers a multitude of possibilities which is gradually invading living spaces, and in particular the professional world. The link between new technologies and employment law is not really new and dates from the arrival of IT (Information Technology) into the professional world, especially in collective relationships. However, recent doctrine and jurisprudence examinations surface new legal issues in regards to the use of new communication means that don’t have any time and space limits. Internet usage, and more precisely social network usage within companies, destabilises employment laws and leads to a confrontation between employer rights and the employees’ emerging rights and freedoms according to new practices. Companies’ relationship to social networks resurface questions about the renewal of industrial relationships inside a company that belongs to a democratic information-based society. Reshaping old frameworks, and new communication technologies encourages a wider reconsideration of future employment laws
BARBOSA, MONTEIRO JULIETA. "Utilisation d'esterases et de lipases dans l'obtention de composes presentant un interet en chimie fine." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066028.
Full textRojas-Cuellar, Tania Raquel. "Utilisation of cellulose waste for the production of a chemical intermediate of economic interest." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/utilisation-of-cellulose-waste-for-the-production-a-chemical-intermediate-of-economic-interest(81b2984b-adf0-48a9-8e06-f3e9da548c19).html.
Full textCheikho, Avin. "L’adoption des innovations technologiques par les clients et son impact sur la relation client - Cas de la banque mobile -." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0036/document.
Full textIn recent years, mobile technologies have created very competitive market conditions. Facing this new environment, banks have launched mobile banking, a technological innovation in banking sector, as a new opportunity to seize. This study raises a question related to the heart of the main problems in banking: who invests the most in ICT, and who aims to develop long-term relationships with its clients. To produce added value on technological investments, it becomes important for banks to ensure the adoption of these services by their clients at first time and ensure the survival of these services (continuity of use) through the development of sustainable and profitable customer relationships in a second time. This means that the understanding of customer behavior requires two phases: the "adoption" phase and the "post-adoption" phase. The thesis aims, first, to explore the factors influencing the adoption of mobile banking by customers and, second, to formulate an explanatory framework of the effect of these factors to establish and improve relations between banks and their customers.The analysis of data collected by questionnaires administered face to face with 282 respondents identifies three customer segments: non-users, users and adopters. The explanatory analysis by the PLS method highlights the important role played by four factors: perceived usefulness, perceived risk, perceived safety and the expected effort in the two phases
Pagani, Margherita. "The Role of consumer experiential engagement in new media based social networks environnments : implications for marketing strategies." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30091.
Full textThe thesis aims to understand how companies can leverage on consumer experiential engagement in new-media based social media environments (using video on the web, handheld devices and web 2.0) in order to stimulate active behavior and redefine commercial marketing strategies. We structure our analysis on a three studies approach. The first study describes how Personal Engagement with the content and Social-Interactive Engagement (resulting from the perceived sense of community, intrinsic enjoyment and participation experience) differently influence both active and passive behavior. We test hypotheses with survey data from a sample of 814 US and EU social TV users. In study 2 we examine the influence of privacy intrusiveness on the relation between Experiential Engagement (Personal and Social-interactive Engagement) and active and passive use and we test it (n=379) with reference to mobile location-based social networking applications in EU and US. In study 3 we develop a conceptual model in which social-interactive engagement influences social identity directly and brand love indirectly through the mediating effect of social identity. The model was empirically validated (n=387) on the Facebook fan pages of 20 leading international brands in EU and the US. Findings emerging from the three studies show that Experiential Engagement has positive effects on the consumer behavior online (active and passive) and it may contrast the negative effect of privacy intrusiveness. The results obtained show also a positive effects of social-interactive engagement on consumer-brand affective relationships (brand love) and the full mediating effect of social identity. More specifically advertisers, leveraging on experiences that influence social-interactive engagement can influence the social identity and the relationship with the brand
GALLOPIN, CHRISTIAN. "Interet et utilisation de l'hopital local dans le systeme de sante francais a l'aube des annees 1990." Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIMM107.
Full textRakotomavo, Tiana. "Etude de la génération du piégeage interne dans le silicium par tomographie laser à balayage." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20125.
Full textJonas, Maud Denis-Delpierre Nathalie. "Utilisation d'endoprothèses trachéo-bronchiques en soins palliatifs de cancérologie respiratoire pour quelle qualité de vie ? /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=55806.
Full textPélegrin, Claire. "De la norme aux pratiques chez les pilotes de ligne : utilisation d'un regard interne à la communauté aéronautique." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010654.
Full textGouriou, Jean. "Utilisation des méthodes de Monte Carlo pour l'analyse de l'influence des facteurs biologiques et physiques en dosimétrie interne." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30003.
Full textHirech, Khaled. "Caractérisation des écoulements monophasiques et dispersés dans les mélangeurs statiques Sulzer SMX : utilisation des mélangeurs dans les procédés de microencapsulation." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT2122.
Full textThe present work is devoted to the flow characterisation and the energy dissipation in SMX Sulzer static mixers, wich are used for liquid-liquid dispersions with narrow size distributions with respect to those obtained in stirred tanks. Pressure drop measurements in static mixers allowed in one hand to determine the caracteristic parameters by considering static mixers as porous media and by using a capillary model and, in the other hand to establish a general equation for the prediction of friction factor in static mixer
QUEMERE, PIERRE. "Le pois proteagineux : utilisation par les porcs, interet agronomique, economique et valorisation en elevages, dans le nord de la france." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INAPA008.
Full textRosier, Bruno. "Utilisation des immunoglobulines polyvalentes intraveineuses dans un service de médecine interne de 1982 à 1992 : à propos de 60 cas." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M138.
Full textJoubert, Cécile. "Stéroïdes marqués au carbone 13 : synthèse totale et utilisation comme étalon interne dans le dosage en GC/MS par dilution isotopique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE19005.
Full textDemichele, Ladan. "Utilisation des anticorps anti-idiotypes comme images internes fonctionnelles de sites actifs enzymatiques : production et caractérisation d'un anticorps catalytique à activité cholinestérase." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD672.
Full textAiello, Giacomo. "Utilisation des composites a matrice ceramique sic f/sic comme materiau de structure de composants internes du tore d'un reacteur a fusion." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EVRY0002.
Full textRODENAS, NAVAS JOSEP ANTONI. "Detection et caracterisation des signatures d'ondes internes de la surface de l'ocean dans les images ros utilisation des methodes d'analyse en ondelettes." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10038.
Full textDorselaer, Jacques. "Les Relations entre migrations internes, urbanisation et activités économiques, au Mexique, de 1950 à 1980 utilisation systématique de traitements graphiques de l'information, sans ordinateur /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604620m.
Full textDorselaer, Jacques. "Les relations entre migrations internes, urbanisation et activités économiques, au Mexique, de 1950 à 1980 : utilisation systématique de traitements graphiques de l'information, sans ordinateur." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030162.
Full textAlthough some aspects of the "traditional" factors which explain internal migrations and urbanization in latin america-as well as their consequences- do apply to mexico to a certain extent, between 1950 and 1980, some inland movements of population are specific to this country. The main reasons for this are : the metropolitan area of mexico, an industrial conurbation on a national scale, the present and ongoing influence of a lan reforme, yet dating back to the 1910-1915 revolution and the attractiveness of all northern mexican states. Three factors account for this : the nearby united states of america which attracts numerous potential emigrants, the irrigated agricultural land and the large cities. Whatever the causes, the inland movements of population in mexico are many-sided and complex phenomenons. The originality of the study lies in the method used : commentary on and applications of a particular index of inland migrations, of various global indexes, of black and white maps of mexico(. . . )