Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Interneurones striataux'
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Fino, Elodie. "Transmission et plasticité activité-dépendante au niveau des synapses cortico-striatales." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811483.
Full textZtaou, Samira. "Implication des interneurones cholinergiques striataux dans la physiopathologie de la maladie de Parkinson : étude optogénétique, pharmacologique et comportementale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4736/document.
Full textParkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a dopamiergic loss into the striatum, a subcortical structure involved in motor control, memory and emotional behaviors. Striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) play a key role in this pathological reorganization of the striatal circuitry by modulating striatal projection neurons (MSNs). This study aims to investigate the involvement of ChIs and muscarinic receptors (mAChRs) in the mechanisms underlying the expression of motor, cognitive and emotional deficits observed in different models of PD in mice. ChIs optogenetic inhibition reduced motor deficits (akinesia, postural asymmetry, sensorimotor deficit). Electrophysiological recordings show that ChIs photoinhibition reduces MSNs excitability and restores the balance between the two striatal output pathways. These antiparkinsonian effects are reproduced by pharmacological intrastriatal blockade of M1 and M4 mAChRs. They are due to a preferential action of ACh on mAChRs expressed on striatonigral MSNs since the deficits disappear in mutant mice that lack M4 mAChRs only in these neurons. ChIs photoinhibition also reduces memory deficits and anxiety. M1 mAChRs antagonist reduces anxiety but is inefficient on memory deficits, suggesting that other cholinergic receptors might be involved in striatal memory functions. Overall, these results give new insights on the role of cholinergic interneurons in the normal and pathological functioning of the striatum
Chabbert, Dorian. "Conséquences de la délétion conditionnelle du gène Tshz3 dans la circuiterie cortico-striée : implications dans les troubles du spectre autistique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0207.
Full textThe zinc-finger transcription factor TSHZ3 is highly expressed by cortical projection neurons (PNs) from embryonic stages to adulthood, including layer V pyramidal neurons that project to the striatum. There, TSHZ3 is expressed by cholinergic interneurons (CINs) but not by the main targets of PNs, i.e. the medium spiny neurons. Interestingly, recent evidences link heterozygous TSHZ3/Tshz3 gene deletion to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to corticostrial circuitry dysfunction (Caubit et al., Nat Genet 2016). In order to provide further insights on the role of Tshz3 in the corticostriatal circuitry, we have characterized two conditional KO mouse models in which its expression is lost either in projection neurons at early postnatal stage (Tshz3-pnCxKO) or in cholinergic cells beginning at embryonic stage (Tshz3-ChATCre). In Tshz3-pnCxKO mice, we confirmed that Tshz3 expression is lost in glutamatergic PNs without altering their number. Our electrophysiological study revealed that layer V PNs are less excitable and that glutamate release probability from their afferents is decreased. We also found dramatic changes of both corticostriatal synaptic transmission and plasticity. In ChAT-Cre mice, we found that Tshz3 is expressed in the striatum by almost 100% of CINs, while it is little or no expressed in the other cholinergic nuclei of the brain. Interestingly, the loss of Tshz3 impacts the spontaneous firing pattern of a subpopulation of CINs without altering their number. These functional changes suggest that TSHZ3 plays a key role in PNs, corticostriatal pathway and CINs development, supporting its implication in ASD
Bell, M. I. "Characterisation of cholinergic interneurones in the rat striatum." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596535.
Full textPetryszyn, Sarah. "Les neurones à calrétinine du striatum : comparaisons inter-espèces et études anatomopathologiques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28361.
Full textIn the primate striatum, GABAergic neurons that express calretinin (CR) are the most abundant interneurons. Their role within this major basal ganglia component is still unknown. Immunohistochemical techniques used in animal models of Parkinson’s disease allowed us to better characterize these interneurons. A first series of studies enabled us to provide the very first description of the distribution and neurochemical phenotype of the CR+ interneurons in mice striatum, under normal condition. Data was compared to similar findings that were gathered in human and non-human primates. In mice, two morphological phenotypes of CR+ interneurons are present: (1) small and (2) medium-sized CR+ interneurons, both distributed in a heterogeneous way within the dorsal striatum. In primates (both human and non-human), three morphological phenotypes of CR+ interneurons are present within the striatum. In addition to small and medium-sized CR+ interneurons, primates display large-sized CR+ interneurons, which mostly belong to the cholinergic interneurons of the striatum. The use of a double transgenic mouse model Drd1a-tdTomato/Drd2-EGFP (D1/D2) confirmed that the cholinergic interneurons express the dopaminergic (DA) receptor D2, while CR+ interneurons are devoid of D1 and D2. In a second study, we investigated how the distribution and the neurochemical phenotype of the CR+ interneurons are affected in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) mouse model of Parkinson’s disease. In the lesioned striatum, these mice displayed a strong DAergic depletion, one of the main hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease. Under these circumstances, only the density of the medium-sized CR+ interneurons, 13 % of which are immunoreactive for the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), was decreased within the dorsal striatum. In the accumbens nucleus (Acb), the number and distribution pattern of CR+ interneurons, which are also immunoreactive for calbindin (CB), were not affected, despite that the Acb was also significantly depleted in DA. In a third study, the state of the CR+ striatal interneurons was investigated in a simian model of Parkinson’s disease, involving 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intoxication. Results indicate that the density of the large-sized CR+ interneurons is dramatically increased within the striatum of MPTP-intoxicated animals. This increase goes along with higher proportion of cholinergic interneurons expressing CR. Altogether, our data suggest that the CR+ interneurons are sensitive to a decrease of the DAergic level in the striatum that characterizes Parkinson’s disease. Finally, a detailed analysis of the Acb in the D1/D2 mice allowed us to detect the presence of a novel island of Calleja located within this brain region.
Garas, Farid. "Structural and functional heterogeneity of striatal interneuron populations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cfa09ed5-63be-40b4-a974-0f0f0c273656.
Full textSizemore, Rachel J., and n/a. "Innervation of cholinergic interneurons in the striatum of the rat." University of Otago. Department of Anatomy & Structural Biology, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090915.155925.
Full textKaneko, Satoshi. "Synaptic Integration Mediated by Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons in Basal Ganglia Function." Kyoto University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/151448.
Full textGazan, Adeline. "Rôle des interneurones somatostatine dans la physiologie striatale :une approche morphologique, électrophysiologique et comportementale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/283380/4/these.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Du, Zhuowei. "Caractérisation of GABAergic neurotransmission within basal ganglia circuit in R6/1 Huntington's disease mouse model." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0046/document.
Full textWe explored GABAergic neurotransmission in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. Combining molecular, imaging and electrophysiologicaltechniques, we showed changes of GABAergic neurotransmission in presymptomatic and symptomatic R6/1 mice. Our data demonstrated a decreased GABAergic inhibition in the globus pallidus of R6/1 mice, which could result in an alteration of basal ganglia output nuclei and motor activity. Taken together, our results will help to define the contribution of receptor subtypes to inhibitory transmission throughout the brain in physiological and pathophysiological states
Van, Vulpen E. H. S. "The development of rat striatal cholinergic interneurons, mechanisms important in location and maturation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ35352.pdf.
Full textStuder, Lorenz. "NGF increases neuritic complexity of cholinergic interneurons in organotypic cultures of neonatal rat striatum /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Full textAliane, Verena. "Ganglions de la base, transmission cholinergique et stimulation électrique profonde dans un modèle expérimental de stéréotypies motrices chez le rat." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22094.pdf.
Full textMotor stereotypy is a key symptom of various disorders such as Tourette’s syndrome and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Administration of neuroleptics as well as cholinesterase inhibitors is effective in treating these symptoms. However, the role of cholinergic transmission in the induction or arrest of motor stereotypy remains unknown. Previously, we showed in a well-established model of cocaine-induced motor stereotypy that strong motor stereotypy was linked to alterations in the préfronto-basal ganglia circuits. Indeed, in the medial prefrontal territory of the dorsal striatum, increased dopamine release was accompanied by decreased acetylcholine release. Here, we analyzed the NMDA-evoked release of dopamine and acetylcholine during decreasing intensity leading to the arrest of motor stereotypy. Furthermore, we studied in various pharmacological situations targeting the cholinergic system (intraperitoneal and local injection in dorsal striatum of raclopride and scopolamine) the role of cholinergic transmission in the arrest of motor stereotypy. The decrease of acetylcholine release followed the kinetics of motor stereotypy. Furthermore, a pharmacological situation restoring acetylcholine release (raclopride, DA D2 antagonist) provoked the arrest of strong motor stereotypy. In contrast, a pharmacological situation that blocked the postsynaptic effects of acetylcholine (scopolamine, muscarinic antagonist) or induced degeneration of cholinergic interneurons (AF64A) in the medial prefrontal territory of the dorsal striatum robustly prolonged the duration of strong motor stereotypy. Thus, we propose that restoration of cholinergic transmission in the medial prefrontal territory of the dorsal striatum plays a key role in the arrest of motor stereotypy
Mamaligas, Aphroditi A. "Cholinergic Interneuron Mediated Activation of G-Protein Coupled Receptors in the Dorsal Striatum." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case152839454888959.
Full textMassouh, Mireille. "Les interneurones géants exprimant la calrétinine dans le striatum humain : leur devenir dans la maladie de Huntington." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24301/24301.pdf.
Full textMallet, Nicolas. "Fonction des interneurones GABAergiques rapides dans le striatum : étude électrophysiologique invivo chez lz rat normal et hémiparkinsonien." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21227.
Full textHjorth, Johannes. "Computer Modelling of Neuronal Interactions in the Striatum." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Beräkningsbiologi, CB, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10523.
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泰岳, 中野, and Yasutake Nakano. "Parvalbumin-producing striatal interneurons received excitatory inputs onto proximal dendrites from motor thalamus in male mice." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13060318/?lang=0, 2018. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13060318/?lang=0.
Full textUsing bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic mice expressing somatodendritic membrane–targeted green fluorescent protein in striatal parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, we demonstrate that glutamatergic inputs originating from the ventral anterior/ventral lateral motor thalamus preferentially contact on proximal dendrites, while inputs from motor cortex are uniformly distributed on PV neurons. These results were confirmed using a combination of vesicular glutamate transporter immunoreactions. Collectively, these findings suggest that PV neurons produce fast and reliable inhibition of medium spiny neurons in response to thalamic inputs. In contrast, excitatory inputs from motor cortices modulate PV dendrite excitability, possibly in concert with other glutamatergic, GABAergic, and dopaminergic inputs.
博士(理学)
Doctor of Philosophy in Science
同志社大学
Doshisha University
Hjorth, Johannes. "Information processing in the Striatum : a computational study." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3999.
Full textMansouri, Guilani Nina. "Modulation of amphetamine-induced behaviors in mice by the atypical vesicular glutamate transporter type 3 (VGLUT3)." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066538/document.
Full textAll drugs of abuse yield a greater release of dopamine in a cerebral structure called striatum. This structure is involved in motor control, but also in behaviors motivated by reward. Locally, striatal neurons are modulated by cholinergic interneurons (CINs). CINs have the particularity to express the vesicular glutamate transporter type 3 (VGLUT3) on top of the one for acetylcholine (VAChT). Therefore, these interneurons have the ability to release both glutamate and acetylcholine. In the striatum, VGLUT3 is also found in some serotonergic fibers. A genetic study revealed that the mutation rate of the gene encoding VGLUT3 is increased in human addicts. Moreover, mice lacking VGLUT3 (VGLUT3—/—) are pre-sensitized to cocaine, and present functional alterations in the striatum. Thus, VGLUT3 appears as a regulator of drug abuse. My work consisted in characterizing the effects of another psychostimulant, amphetamine (AMPH), on VGLUT3—/— mice. This study revealed that VGLUT3—/— mice have a sensitization to AMPH, to a higher extent than control mice. At high dose, psychostimulants produce abnormal movements called stereotypies. We observed that VGLUT3—/— mice are more resistant to AMPH-induced stereotypies. Further investigation showed that the glutamate released by CINs seems involved in these stereotypies, but not the serotonergic source. Our result reveals a hitherto unsuspected role of the glutamate released by CINs in abnormal movements that are the hallmark of several pathologies
Deffains, Marc. "Rôle du striatum sensorimoteur dans le contrôle des séquences motrices automatisées chez le primate." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10087.
Full textIt is well known that the striatum, especially its sensorimotor part, is involved in the expression of motor skills which require the production of a sequence of movements. In this study, we addressed the respective contribution of efferent neurons and cholinergic interneurons of the striatum in the processes underlying the expression of motor sequences, by recording single unit activity of these two neuronal populations in monkeys performing sequential arm reaching movements. By this experimental approach, we examined activity modulations of these neurons during a change in the conditions of performance of the motor sequence. Thus, by changing the habitual order or the temporal structure of the sequence, we underlined that within sensorimotor striatum, efferent neurons and cholinergic interneurons are involved in the processing of spatial and temporal information which characterize an automatic motor sequence. In addition, we reported differential activations of these two neuronal populations depending on whether the serial order of the sequence of movements is visually cued or based on internally stored information. Taken together, these results provide essential information in order to better understand the neuronal mechanisms involved, within the sensorimotor part of striatum, in the control of the automatic motor sequences
Prüß, Harald. "Kir2 potassium channels in rat striatum are strategically localized to control basal ganglia function." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15031.
Full textParkinson’s disease is the most frequent movement disorder caused by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Intentions to avoid side effects of conventional therapy should aim to identify additional targets for potential pharmacological intervention. In principle, every step of a signal transduction cascade, such as presynaptic transmitter release, type and occupation of postsynaptic receptors, G protein-mediated effector mechanisms, and the alterations of pre- or postsynaptic potentials as determined by the local ion channel composition, have to be considered. Due to their diversity and their widespread but distinct localizations, potassium channels represent interesting candidates for new therapeutic strategies. As a first step, the present report aimed to study the cellular and subcellular distribution of the individual members of the Kir2 family in the striatum, a group of proteins forming inwardly rectifying potassium channels. For this purpose polyclonal, monospecific, affinity purified antibodies against the less conserved carboxyterminal sequences from the Kir2.1, Kir2.2, Kir2.3, and Kir2.4 proteins were prepared. All subunits of the Kir2 family were detected on somata and dendrites of most striatal neurons. However, the distribution of two of them was not homogeneous. Striatal patch areas were largely devoid of the Kir2.3 protein, and the Kir2.4 subunit was most prominently expressed on the tonically active, giant cholinergic interneurons of the striatum. These two structures are among the key players in regulating dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission within the striatum, and therefore are of major importance for the output of the basal ganglia. The heterogeneous localization of the Kir2.3 and the Kir2.4 subunits with respect to these strategic structures pinpoints these channel proteins as promising targets for future pharmacological efforts.
Rudkin, Teresa. "Organization of the thalamic projection onto parvalbumin- immunoreactive striatal interneurons : a study of the normal topography in the rat and its alteration following neonatal decortication." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ44264.pdf.
Full textBode, Christoph. "Postnatale Entwicklung der striatalen GABAergen Interneurone im dtsz Hamster als Dystoniemodell: Untersuchungen des Homöodomänproteins Nkx 2.1, des Kalium-Chlorid-Kotransporters KCC2, der Carboanhydrase CAH7 und des Wachstumsfaktors BDNF." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-225674.
Full textMassouh, Mireille. "Les interneurones géants exprimant la calrétinine dans le striatum humain : leur devenir dans la maladie de Huntington /." 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24301/24301.pdf.
Full textJohannes, Silvia. "NADPH-Diaphorase-positive putaminale Interneurone : Morphologie und Stereologie bei Gesunden und Schizophrenen." Doctoral thesis, 2006. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-26158.
Full textThe NADPHd-staining is known to stain selectively neurons expressing the neuronal NOS. The staining results are comparable to Golgi impregnation techniques because not only the cell soma is stained but also the dendrites. Thus, morphological and functional aspects can be examined using that techniqe. This method was used to stain, characterize and classify nNOS-positive neurons of the human putamen. Predominantly, interneurons were stained. They displayed a homogenous staining of the cell soma and the dendrites showing clear morphological differences. The interneurons could be classified into 12 different types (NADPHd I to XII) which only partially corresponded to previously described neuron types. Based on this classification system of a healthy brain, it is possible to find abnormalities of NADPHd-positive interneurons in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, the putamen of three schizophrenic subjects was examined. Differences could not only be found for the morphology of NADPHd-positive interneurons but also for their frequency: The number of NADPHd-positive interneurons was significantly reduced in the putamen of schizophrenics. However, since only three brains of schizophrenics were examined these results can only be judged preleminary. In the claustrum and in the white matter surrounding the claustrum NADPHd-positive neurons were found as well. Regarding the claustrum, the NADPHd-positive neurons fit partially in previous classification systems. The NADPHd-positive neurons of the external capsules were part of the interstitial cells of the white matter
Chartove, Julia. "Delta/theta-rhythmically interleaved gamma and beta oscillations in striatum: modeling and data analysis." Thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/42055.
Full textSullivan, Matthew Alexander. "Recurrent inhibitory network among cholinergic inerneurons of the striatum." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/18650.
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Cheng, Ruey-Kuang. "Neural Coding Strategies in Cortico-Striatal Circuits Subserving Interval Timing." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2380.
Full textInterval timing, defined as timing and time perception in the seconds-to-minutes range, is a higher-order cognitive function that has been shown to be critically dependent upon cortico-striatal circuits in the brain. However, our understanding of how different neuronal subtypes within these circuits cooperate to subserve interval timing remains elusive. The present study was designed to investigate this issue by focusing on the spike waveforms of neurons and their synchronous firing patterns with local field potentials (LFPs) recorded from cortico-striatal circuits while rats were performing two standard interval-timing tasks. Experiment 1 demonstrated that neurons in cortico-striatal circuits can be classified into 4 different clusters based on their distinct spike waveforms and behavioral correlates. These distinct neuronal populations were shown to be differentially involved in timing and reward processing. More importantly, the LFP-spike synchrony data suggested that neurons in 1 particular cluster were putative fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) in the striatum and these neurons responded to both timing and reward processing. Experiment 2 reported electrophysiological data that were similar with previous findings, but identified a different cluster of striatal neurons - putative tonically-active neurons (TANs), revealed by their distinct spike waveforms and special firing patterns during the acquisition of the task. These firing patterns of FSIs and TANs were in contrast with potential striatal medium-spiny neurons (MSNs) that preferentially responded to temporal processing in the current study. Experiment 3 further investigated the proposal that interval timing is subserved by cortico-striatal circuits by using microstimulation. The findings revealed a stimulation frequency-dependent "stop" or "reset" response pattern in rats receiving microstimulation in either the cortex or the striatum during the performance of the timing task. Taken together, the current findings further support that interval timing is represented in cortico-striatal networks that involve multiple types of interneurons (e.g., FSIs and TANs) functionally connected with the principal projection neurons (i.e., MSNs) in the dorsal striatum. When specific components of these complex networks are electrically stimulated, the ongoing timing processes are temporarily "stopped" or "reset" depending on the properties of the stimulation.
Dissertation
Le, Trung Ngoc. "Dlx homeobox genes and their role in interneuronal differentiation and migration in the developing forebrain." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3968.
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