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Journal articles on the topic 'Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

TSUNODA, SEI. "IPN (Interpenetrating Polymer Networks)." Sen'i Gakkaishi 48, no. 8 (1992): P464—P468. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.48.8_p464.

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2

Lohani, Alka, Garima Singh, Shiv Sankar Bhattacharya, and Anurag Verma. "Interpenetrating Polymer Networks as Innovative Drug Delivery Systems." Journal of Drug Delivery 2014 (May 14, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/583612.

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Polymers have always been valuable excipients in conventional dosage forms, also have shown excellent performance into the parenteral arena, and are now capable of offering advanced and sophisticated functions such as controlled drug release and drug targeting. Advances in polymer science have led to the development of several novel drug delivery systems. Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) have shown superior performances over the conventional individual polymers and, consequently, the ranges of applications have grown rapidly for such class of materials. The advanced properties of IPNs

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3

Hourston, Douglas J., and Franz-Ulrich Schäfer. "Damping Characteristics of Polyurethane-Based Simultaneous Interpenetrating Polymer Networks." High Performance Polymers 8, no. 1 (1996): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/8/1/002.

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A brief overview of damping with polymers is given. The highest energy absorbing potential of polymers is centred around their glass transition temperature ( T g). In order to broaden the transition, partially miscible polymer pairs with fairly widely separated T gs can be used to give broad and high transition regions. This can be obtained by the use of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) technology. The damping ability of the IPNs was assessed from the tan δ and loss modulus versus temperature curves. The area under the linear tan δ curve (TA) and the loss modulus equivalent (LA) were cal

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4

Zou, Zuhao, Bijun Zhang, Xiaoqin Nie, et al. "A sodium alginate-based sustained-release IPN hydrogel and its applications." RSC Advances 10, no. 65 (2020): 39722–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra04316h.

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Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels are crosslinked by two or more polymer networks, providing free volume space in the three-dimensional network structure, and providing conditions for the sustained and controlled release of drugs.

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5

Naga, Naofumi, Yukie Uchiyama, Yuri Takahashi, and Hidemitsu Furukawa. "Synthesis and Structure of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network Gels." International Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 1 (2016): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijc.v8n1p165.

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Semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) gels have been synthesized using a hydrosilylation reaction of 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCTS) as a joint molecule, and a,w-nonconjugated dienes, 1,5-hexadiene (HD) or 1,9-decadiene (DD) as linker molecules in the presence of polystyrene (PS) as a liner polymers in toluene or cyclohexane. Network structure, mesh size and mesh size distribution, of the resulting semi-IPN gels was quantitatively characterized by means of a scanning microscopic light scattering (SMILS). The relaxation peaks derived from three kinds of structures were

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6

Li, Yong Qing, Xi Zhu, Zhong Luo, and Wei Hong Sun. "Research for Damping Behavior and Microstructure of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based on Multi-Components." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1177.

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Based on the molecule design and energy absorption theory of polymer macromolecule materials, we synthesized a kind of multicomponents interpenetrating polymer network(IPN) which composed of polyurethane(PU), epoxy(EP) and unsaturated polymer resin(UPR). In order to further widen the damping temperature region of polymer materials, we introduced the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into polyurethane(PU). Because of solubility parameter difference between PDMS and PU, we synthesized PDMS modified PU by blocking and grafting PDMS chain into PU main chain firstly. Then, a serious of interpenetrating p

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7

Qadri, Mohd Fuzail, Rishabha Malviya, and Pramod Kumar Sharma. "Biomedical Applications of Interpenetrating Polymer Network System." Open Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal 2, no. 1 (2015): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874844901502010021.

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Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) has been regarded as one of the novel technology in recent years showing the superior performances over the conventional techniques. This system is designed for the delivery of drugs at a predetermined rate and thus helps in controlled drug delivery. Due to its enhanced biological and physical characteristics like biodegradability, biocompatibility, solubility, specificity and stability, IPN has emerged out to be one of the excellent technologies in pharmaceutical industries. This article focuses mainly on the biomedical applications of IPN along with its

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8

Simeonov, Marin, Bistra Kostova, and Elena Vassileva. "Interpenetrating polymer networks of poly(methacrylic acid) and polyacrylamide: synthesis, characterization and potential application for sustained drug delivery." RSC Advances 6, no. 69 (2016): 64239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra14067j.

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9

Mishra, Dayanand, and Meet Kamal. "Poly 4-Vinylpyridine and Polystyrene Based Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs): Synthesis and Characterization." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 8 (2021): 1771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23239.

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A study on synthesis of thin film of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), of poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) and polystyrene was carried out. A series of IPN was synthesized, using divinyl benzene (as cross linker) and benzoyl peroxide (as an initiator) and characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal (DSC, TGA) and fluorescent techniques. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of PVP at 1584 cm–1 and polystyrene at 1609 cm–1. Shifting in band positions depicts formation of IPN. SEM images show a clear dual phase morphology. DSC thermogram reveals glass transi

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10

Kosynchuk, Liudmyla, Oksana Antonenko, Volodymyr Grishchenko, Nataliia Busko, Taisa Ignatova, and Liubov Vorontsova. "EFFECT OF AZOINITIATORS OF METHYL METHACRYLATE POLYMERIZATION ON THE FORMATION PROCESS AND MORFOLOGY OF POLYURETHANE /POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE INTERPENETRATING POLYMER NETWORKS." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 86, no. 9 (2020): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/2708-129x.86.9.2020.39-54.

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Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) are mixtures of two cross-linked polymers formed as a result of chemical reactions of in situ synthesis of components from single-phase initial mixtures. As a rule, due to the incompatibility of the components, a physical process of phase separation takes place with the formation of heterogeneous systems with insignificant interphase adhesion, which can have a negative effect on the physicochemical properties. To increase the compatibility of the components and to stabilize the systems, compatibilizers are introduced into the reaction mixtures. In this w

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11

Qin, Chuan Li, Qian Feng, Hai Jian Jiang, and Xu Duo Bai. "Study on Lead Zirconate-Titanate/Interpenetrating Polymer Network Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.12.

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In order to improve damping properties of polyurethane/vinyl ester resin interpenetrating polymer network (PU/VER IPN), a series of Lead Zirconate-Titanate/IPN (PZT/IPN) composites were prepared by adding PZT into PU/VER IPN by in-situ polymerization process and were polarized. The optimal polarization process is obtained. The influence of PZT contents on microstructure, damping performances, mechanical performances, relative dielectric constant and piezoelectric constant (d¬33) was studied. The results show that PZT particles disperse in composites uniformly. The optimal polarization paramete

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12

Sung Chul Kim. "Application of Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) Materials." Seikei-Kakou 16, no. 8 (2004): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.16.493.

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13

Verge, Pierre, Layla Beouch, Pierre Henri Aubert, et al. "Symmetrical Electrochromic and Electroemissive Devices from Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks." Advances in Science and Technology 55 (September 2008): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.55.18.

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This paper describes the elaboration and optical characterizations of electrochromic devices (ECDs) based on a semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network architecture. These ECD exhibit contrast ration of 36% in the full visible range and are able to switch 10,000 times at low voltage between +1.2V and -1.2V with only 0.2% of electroactivity lost. By the way, these IPN-based materials present interesting properties in the NIR region.

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14

Plesse, Cedric, Frederic Vidal, Dominique Teyssié, and Claude Chevrot. "Conducting IPN Fibers: A New Design for Linear Actuation in Open Air." Advances in Science and Technology 61 (September 2008): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.61.53.

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In this work, we report the development of “one piece” electrochemical actuator fibers, presenting linear deformations, and working in open-air. The hollow fiber shaped actuators are synthesized as three components Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN). The electronic conducting polymer (ECP), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), is embedded in a hollow fiber shape matrix working as two ECP concentric electrodes. The host matrix which presents an IPN type architecture is composed of two poly(ethylene oxide) networks, crosslinked in the presence of each other. Strains up to 3 % and forces

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15

Vidal, Frederic, Cedric Plesse, Guillaume Palaprat, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of IPNs for Electrochemical Actuators." Advances in Science and Technology 61 (September 2008): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.61.8.

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Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) have been developed for many years leading to materials with controlled properties. When an electronic conducting polymer (ECP) is incorporated into an IPN, this one becomes a conducting IPN (CIPN). The synthetic pathway ensures a non homogeneous dispersion of the ECP through the IPN thickness of the material. The system is thus similar to a layered one with the advantage that the intimate combination of the three polymers needs no adhesive interface. The last step in making the CIPN into an actuator is to ensure the ionic conductivity by incorporation

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16

Dragan, Ecaterina Stela. "Advances in interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels and their applications." Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, no. 11 (2014): 1707–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-0713.

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Abstract Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels brought distinct benefits compared to single network hydrogels like more widely controllable physical properties, and (frequently) more efficient drug loading/release. However, IPN strategy is not sufficient to design hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties required for regenerative medicine like replacement of natural cartilage or artificial cornea. Some of the novel techniques promoted last decade for the preparation of IPN hydrogels which fulfill these requirements are discussed in the review. Among them, “double network” strat

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17

Bai, Xue Lian, Zhong Guo Mu, Mei Jian Ting, and Luo Yi Ding. "The Effect of Component Distribution Variation on Tensile Property of Gradient Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPN)." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.495.

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In the paper, Polyurethane (PU)/Epoxy (EP) gradient IPN with different component distribution were prepared , The effect of component distribution variation on tensile property of gradient IPN was studied through change of layer number and gradient factor K. The results indicate that tensile property of gradient IPN increases with increase of layer number n, when gradient factor is below 1, tensile strength of gradient IPN decreases slightly with increase of gradient factor K, While gradient factor K is above 1, tensile strength of gradient IPN undergoes remarkable decline trend. When gradient

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18

Sila-On, Warisada, Jatuporn Pratoomted, Utsana Puapermpoonsiri, Chaiwute Vudjung, and Wiwat Pichayakorn. "Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber/Rice Starch Interpenetrating Network Hydrogel." Advanced Materials Research 844 (November 2013): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.844.77.

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Novel hydrogels based on natural rubber latex (NRL) and rice starch (RSt) (1:2 ratio) were prepared with various amount of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and 2.5 phr of maleic acid to form interpenetrating networks (IPN) using free-radical polymerization technique. The thermal and mechanical properties were performed by differential scanning calorimetry and mechanical tests. From data obtained, the change in Tg of rubber and melting point of RSt indicated that polymer-polymer interaction could be formed in IPN hydrogel. The higher amount addition of MBA created more mechanical strength of IP

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19

Farooq, Ujala, Julie Teuwen, and Clemens Dransfeld. "Toughening of Epoxy Systems with Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN): A Review." Polymers 12, no. 9 (2020): 1908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091908.

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Epoxy resins are widely used for different commercial applications, particularly in the aerospace industry as matrix carbon fibre reinforced polymers composite. This is due to their excellent properties, i.e., ease of processing, low cost, superior mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. However, a pure epoxy system possesses some inherent shortcomings, such as brittleness and low elongation after cure, limiting performance of the composite. Several approaches to toughen epoxy systems have been explored, of which formation of the interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) has gained increas

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20

Teng, Yun, and Philip W. T. Pong. "Magnetic thermally sensitive interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) nanogels: IPN-pNIPAm@Fe2O3-SiO2." RSC Advances 10, no. 63 (2020): 38287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra04696e.

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In this paper, iron oxide-silica@poly(acrylamide-co-N,N-diethylacrylamide)/poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN-pNIPAm@Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>) nanogels, possessing both magnetic and thermo-sensitive properties were successfully prepared.

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21

Mu, Zhong Guo, Xue Lian Bai, Yi Ding Luo, and Ming Hu Zhang. "The Effect of Component Distibution Varition on Bending Modulus of Gradient Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPN)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 184-185 (June 2012): 1317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.184-185.1317.

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In the paper, the mathematic model of bending modulus was established by means of classic mechanical theory, Layer number and gradient factor K were used to control component distribution of gradient IPN. Polyurethane(PU)/Epoxy(EP) gradient IPN with different component distribution were prepared , The effect of component distribution variation on bending modulus of gradient IPN was studied. The results indicated that bending modulus of gradient IPN decreased with increase of layer number n and gradient factor K, the gradient factor K had greater effect on bending moulus of gradient IPN than la

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22

Karasu, F., C. Rocco, Y. Zhang, et al. "LED-cured self-replenishing hydrophobic coatings based on interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs)." RSC Advances 6, no. 40 (2016): 33971–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03758e.

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23

Huang, Hong Jun, Wang Kang, Guo Shun Wan, and Jiang Lei. "A Research of the Spongy Foams from Interpenetrating Polymer Network of Polyurethane/ Epoxy Resin." Advanced Materials Research 621 (December 2012): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.621.39.

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A series of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) spongy foams based on polyurethane (PU) and epoxy resin (EP) were prepared by a simultaneous polymerization technique. The PU/EP IPN spongy foams with different epoxy content were investigated. The results showed that initial adhesion increased with the increment of EP content, and gained the highest value when the content reached to 20%; FTIR suggested the formation of PU/EP IPN; the density also increased with the increasing content of epoxy; the highest degree of uniformity in bubbles were observed in foams with 20% content of epoxy resin.

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24

POKROPSKI, TOMASZ, and ADOLF BALAS. "Epoxy resins and polyurethanes — mutual modifying influence. Part II. Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN)." Polimery 48, no. 09 (2003): 591–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2003.591.

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25

Hsu, T. Jeffrey, and L. James Lee. "Processing of polyurethane–polyester interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36, no. 5 (1988): 1157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070360517.

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26

Yang, Y. S., and L. James Lee. "Polymerization of polyurethane-polyester interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)." Macromolecules 20, no. 7 (1987): 1490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00173a008.

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27

Waenkaew, Paralee, Prasad Taranekar, Guoqian Jiang, et al. "Nanostructured Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) Precursor Ultrathin Films." Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 212, no. 10 (2011): 1039–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.201100002.

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28

Cheng, Qiuli, Xiaowei Guo, Jiawei Zou, et al. "A photo-crosslinked hybrid interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) for antibacterial coatings on denture base materials." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 42 (2019): 16647–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj02609f.

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29

Kim, Young Duk, Bong Keun Lee, Eun Jin Jeon, Yong Cheol Shin, and Sung Chul Kim. "Hydrophilic-hydrophobic interpenetrating polymer networks and dicyanate-based semi-ipn materials." Macromolecular Symposia 98, no. 1 (1995): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19950980157.

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30

Kurhe, Deepak K., Thomson A. Fernandes, Tushar S. Deore, and Radha V. Jayaram. "Oxidant free dehydrogenation of alcohols using chitosan/polyacrylamide entrapped Ag nanoparticles." RSC Advances 5, no. 58 (2015): 46443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra05046d.

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31

Lin, Yiu-Jiuan, Feng-Chien Hsu, Chih-Wei Chou, Te-Hsing Wu, and Hong-Ru Lin. "Poly(acrylic acid)–chitosan–silica hydrogels carrying platelet gels for bone defect repair." J. Mater. Chem. B 2, no. 47 (2014): 8329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb01356e.

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32

Ma, Lan, and Peiyi Wu. "The role of unique spatial structure in the volume phase transition behavior of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based interpenetrating polymer network microgels including a thermosensitive poly(ionic liquid)." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 12 (2018): 8077–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp00340h.

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33

Gupta, Nidhi, and A. K. Srivastava. "Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based on Poly Chromium Acrylate/Poly Acrylonitrile: Synthesis and Properties of Semi IPN-1." High Performance Polymers 4, no. 4 (1992): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/4/4/003.

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A series of semi-I tpe interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) based on poly chromium acrylate and poly acrylonitrile crosslinked with divinyl benzene have been synthesized. Synthetic details, including concentration of poly chromium acriylate (PCrA), acrylonitrile (AN) and divinyl benzene (DVB) and average molecular weight of PCrA were varied and their effect on the crosslink density of the network was studied by swelling experiments. High [PCrAJ and low [AN] increases swelling and thereby average molecular weight between crosslinks (M,). SEM micrographs and glass transition temperature show

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34

Kadri, Rana, Kamil Elkhoury, Ghazi Ben Messaoud, et al. "Physicochemical Interactions in Nanofunctionalized Alginate/GelMA IPN Hydrogels." Nanomaterials 11, no. 9 (2021): 2256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11092256.

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Polymeric hydrogels are currently at the center of research due to their particular characteristics. They have tunable physical, chemical, and biological properties making them a material of choice for a large range of applications. Polymer-composite and nanocomposite hydrogels were developed to enhance the native hydrogel’s properties and to include numerous functionalities. In this work, alginate/gelatin-methacryloyl-based interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels were prepared with different alginate concentrations and investigated before and after the functionalization with nanoliposomes.

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35

Luo, Zhong, Xi Zhu, and Yongqing Li. "Influence of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) microstructure on underwater acoustic stealth performance." Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 25, no. 2 (2010): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11595-010-2272-4.

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36

Samoilenko, Tetiana F., Natalia V. Iarova, Svitlana M. Ostapiuk, et al. "Influence of N-vynilcarbazole on the photopolymerization process and properties of epoxy-acrylate interpenetrating polymer networks." e-Polymers 16, no. 6 (2016): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2016-0123.

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AbstractPhotocured simultaneous epoxy-acrylate interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were formed both under irradiation by UV-lamp and natural sunlight. The conversion degrees of functional groups were calculated by using data obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The influence of N-vynilcarbazole (NVC) as a photosensitizer on the kinetics of IPN photopolymerization was investigated. The conversion degrees of epoxy groups were revealed to increase significantly with the addition of NVC to the given systems. The phase morphology of IPNs was analyzed by optical and sca

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37

Matty, Fathel S., and Zainab M. MohiALDeen. "Swelling Behavior and Drug Release of Interpenetrating Network Composed of PVA and Chitosan." Ibn AL- Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Science 31, no. 1 (2018): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.30526/31.1.1861.

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PVA and chitosan biodegradable, non-toxic, biocompatible polymers convenient for use in drug release. In this study polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) hydrogels crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) with different ratio morphology and structure characterization interpenetrating polymer network (IPN).They were investigated by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV-Visible spectrophotometer,swelling of hydrogel and drug release were studied by changing crosslinking ratio and PH.

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38

Kumar, Vaneet, Vishal Rehani, Balbir Singh Kaith, and Saruchi Saruchi. "Synthesis of a biodegradable interpenetrating polymer network of Av-cl-poly(AA-ipn-AAm) for malachite green dye removal: kinetics and thermodynamic studies." RSC Advances 8, no. 73 (2018): 41920–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra07759b.

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This paper deals with the synthesis of a biodegradable interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) from the natural polysaccharide aloe vera (Av), acrylamide (AAm) and acrylic acid (AA), and its evaluation as a dye removal device.

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39

Luo, Yan Ling, Qiang Suo Feng, and Feng Xu. "Preparation and Properties of PVA/PAAm IPN Hydrogels-Copper Nanoparticles Nanocomposites." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 2397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.2397.

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Copper nanoparticles were fabricated in poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyacrylamide interpenetrating polymer networks (PVA/PAAm IPNs) by reduction of copper ions with sodium hypophosphite in aqueous solutions. The PVA/PAAm IPNs hydrogels were synthesized in terms of a simultaneous interpenetrating route in the presence of glutaraldehyde and N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide. The swelling and mechanical properties of the resulting PVA/PAAm/Cu nanocomposite hydrogels were investigated by a gravimetric method and compression stress-strain test. The results indicated that the copper nanoparticles were assemble

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40

Liu, Jinru, Hualing He, Zhicai Yu, et al. "Investigation of temperature-responsive and thermo-physiological comfort of modified polyester fabric with Sericin/PNIPAAm/Ag NPs interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 23-24 (2020): 2622–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517520931475.

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Stimuli-responsive polymers applied to traditional textiles have received widespread attention. In this work, a new type of polymer-modified polyester fabric was prepared with interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel. The IPN hydrogel comprised of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), silk sericin (SS), and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The presence of the IPN hydrogel on the surface of fibers can change the wettability of polyester fabric, in response to temperature. The thermal behavior of IPN hydrogel was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetr

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41

Li, Sijia, Chun Shao, Zhikun Miao, and Panfang Lu. "Development of leftover rice/gelatin interpenetrating polymer network films for food packaging." Green Processing and Synthesis 10, no. 1 (2021): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2021-0004.

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Abstract Waste biomass can be used as a raw material for food packaging. Different concentrations of gelatin (GEL) were introduced into the leftover rice (LR) system to form an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) for improving the properties of the films. The structure and morphology of films were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, which showed good compatibility between LR and GEL. The moisture content and oil absorption rate of IPN films were down by 105% and 182%, respectively, which showed better water and oil resistance t

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42

Aparicio-Collado, José Luis, Juan José Novoa, José Molina-Mateo, Constantino Torregrosa-Cabanilles, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, and Roser Sabater i Serra. "Novel Semi-Interpenetrated Polymer Networks of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) with Incorporated Conductive Polypyrrole Nanoparticles." Polymers 13, no. 1 (2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010057.

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This paper reports the preparation and characterization of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPN) of poly(3-hydroxybutirate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), PHBV, and poly (vinyl alcohol), PVA, with conductive polypirrole (PPy) nanoparticles. Stable hybrid semi-IPN (PHBV/PVA 30/70 ratio) hydrogels were produced by solvent casting, dissolving each polymer in chloroform and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone respectively, and subsequent glutaraldehyde crosslinking of the PVA chains. The microstructure and physical properties of this novel polymeric system were analysed, including thermal behaviour and degr

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Tang, Dongyan, Xiaohong Zhang, Lili Liu, and Liangsheng Qiang. "Simultaneous and Gradient IPN of Polyurethane/Vinyl Ester Resin: Morphology and Mechanical Properties." Journal of Nanomaterials 2009 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/514124.

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A series of polyurethane (PU) and vinyl ester resin (VER) simultaneous and gradient interpenetrating polymer networks (represented as s-IPN and g-IPN, resp.) curing at room temperature were prepared by changing the component ratios of PU or VER in s-IPN, time intervals, and component ratio sequences of s-IPN in g-IPN. The microstructures of s-IPN and g-IPN were detected by atomic force microscope (AFM), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), and surface constitution scanning of nitrogen element of energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDX), respectively. The mechanical properties of s-IPN and g-IPN we

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Lu, Jingqiong, Yinhui Li, Deng Hu, et al. "Synthesis and Properties of pH-, Thermo-, and Salt-Sensitive Modified Poly(aspartic acid)/Poly(vinyl alcohol) IPN Hydrogel and Its Drug Controlled Release." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/236745.

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Modified poly(aspartic acid)/poly(vinyl alcohol) interpenetrating polymer network (KPAsp/PVA IPN) hydrogel for drug controlled release was synthesized by a simple one-step method in aqueous system using poly(aspartic acid) grafting 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as materials. The hydrogel surface morphology and composition were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal stability was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The swelling properties and pH, temperature, and salt sen

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Chen, Qiuhong, Xiaohong Tian, Jun Fan, Hao Tong, Qiang Ao, and Xiaohong Wang. "An Interpenetrating Alginate/Gelatin Network for Three-Dimensional (3D) Cell Cultures and Organ Bioprinting." Molecules 25, no. 3 (2020): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030756.

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Crosslinking is an effective way to improve the physiochemical and biochemical properties of hydrogels. In this study, we describe an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of alginate/gelatin hydrogels (i.e., A-G-IPN) in which cells can be encapsulated for in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cultures and organ bioprinting. A double crosslinking model, i.e., using Ca2+ to crosslink alginate molecules and transglutaminase (TG) to crosslink gelatin molecules, is exploited to improve the physiochemical, such as water holding capacity, hardness and structural integrity, and biochemical properties, suc

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Kassem, A. A., M. A. Marzouk, Sh A. El Adawy, and A. M. Dawaba. "Formulation, In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluation of Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network (semi-IPN) Microspheres of Ketorolac Tromethamine." Journal of Life Medicine 01, no. 03 (2013): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14511/jlm.2013.010302.

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Zeng, Rong Chang, Chen Lan Liu, Ling Hong Kong, and Hong Zhi Cui. "Influence of Silane on Corrosion Performance of Silane-Modified Acrylate Interpenetrating Polymer Network Coating on Magnesium Alloy AZ31." Materials Science Forum 686 (June 2011): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.686.186.

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The possibility that various silane treatments may enhance the corrosion resistance of a magnesium alloy AZ31 with silane-modified acrylate interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) coating has been investigated. Potentiodynamic electrochemical tests and neutral salt spray test were applied to evaluate the corrosion performance of the alloy. The results show that silane film improves corrosion resistance of the AZ31 alloy with and without IPN coating. The silane-modified IPN coatings improved more than 4 orders of magnitude of the corrosion resistance of the substrate.

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Saruchi, Saruchi, B. S. Kaith, Rajeev Jindal, Vaneet Kumar, and Manpreet S. Bhatti. "Optimal response surface design of Gum tragacanth-based poly[(acrylic acid)-co-acrylamide] IPN hydrogel for the controlled release of the antihypertensive drug losartan potassium." RSC Adv. 4, no. 75 (2014): 39822–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra02803a.

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The present study proposes the development and optimization of a new interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), consisting of Gum tragacanth, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and poly(acrylamide) (PAAm), for the in situ controlled release of losartan potassium under different pH conditions at 37 °C.

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Naseri, Narges, B. Deepa, Aji P. Mathew, Kristiina Oksman, and Lenart Girandon. "Nanocellulose-Based Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) Hydrogels for Cartilage Applications." Biomacromolecules 17, no. 11 (2016): 3714–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01243.

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Dhoke, Shailesh K., K. Maruthan, S. Palraj, and M. Selvaraj. "Performance of black pigments incorporated in interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)." Progress in Organic Coatings 56, no. 1 (2006): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.02.007.

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