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Journal articles on the topic 'Interstitial gap'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Igumbor, Emmanuel, Ezekiel Omotoso, and Walter Ernst Meyer. "Ab Initio Study of MgTe Self-Interstitial (Mg_i and Te_i): A Wide Band Gap Semiconductor." Nano Hybrids and Composites 16 (June 2017): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.16.47.

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We present results of defect formation energies and charge state thermodynamic transition levels of Mg and Te interstitials in MgTe wurzite structure. We use the generalized gradient approximation and local density approximation functionals in the framework of density functional theory for all calculations. The formation energies of the Mg and Te interstitials in MgTe for both the tetrahedral and hexagonal configurations were obtained. The Mg and Te interstitials in MgTe depending on the functional, introduced transition state levels that are either donor or acceptor within the band gap of the

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2

Gao, Fei, Eric J. Bylaska, and William J. Weber. "Defect Properties in GaN: Ab Initio and Empirical Potential Calculations." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3087–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3087.

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The defect properties and atomic configurations in GaN have been comparatively investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics method with two representative potentials. The DFT calculations show that the relaxation of vacancies is generally small, but the relaxation around antisite defects is large. The N interstitials, starting from any possible configurations, eventually relax into a N+-N< 0 2 11 > split interstitial. In the case of Ga interstitials, the most stable configuration is a Ga octahedral interstitial, but the Ga+-Ga< 0 2 11 > split interstiti

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3

Xu, Yan, Junda Hu, Duygu Elif Yilmaz, and Sebastian Bachmann. "Connexin43 is differentially distributed within renal vasculature and mediates profibrotic differentiation in medullary fibroblasts." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 320, no. 1 (2021): F17—F30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00453.2020.

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Connexins (Cxs) form gap junctions for intercellular exchange of inorganic ions and messenger molecules. In the kidney, Cxs play essential roles within its compartments, but data on the precise cellular localization and cell type-related function of their isoforms are scarce. We tested whether Cx43 distribution is restricted to vascular and interstitial cells and whether medullary fibroblasts express Cx43 to coordinate profibrotic signaling. Confocal immunofluorescence techniques, ultrastructural labeling, and functional experiments in cell culture were performed. Cx43 was chiefly expressed in

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4

Daniel, E. E., V. Posey-Daniel, L. P. Jager, I. Berezin, and J. Jury. "Structural effects of exposure of smooth muscle in sucrose gap apparatus." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 252, no. 1 (1987): C77—C87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1987.252.1.c77.

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Structural changes were studied over time of a smooth muscle tissue (opossum esophagus circular muscle) exposed in various compartments of a functioning single sucrose gap. The tissues in the Krebs-perfused compartment were qualitatively normal, possessing nerve profiles with little damage, normal appearing smooth muscle and interstitial cells of Cajal as well as gap junctions between muscle cells and interstitial cells. However, in the sucrose compartment tissues had serious damage to smooth muscle, interstitial cells and nerves, and normal gap junctions disappeared. There was also damage to

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5

Clerjaud, B., D. Côte, W. ‐S Hahn, D. Wasik, and W. Ulrici. "Donor level of interstitial hydrogen in GaP." Applied Physics Letters 60, no. 19 (1992): 2374–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107030.

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6

Liao, Ting, and Guido Roma. "Stability of Neutral Silicon Interstitials in 3C- and 4H-SiC: A First-Principles Study." Defect and Diffusion Forum 283-286 (March 2009): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.283-286.74.

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The structural stability and properties of single silicon interstitials in their neutral state are investigated via ab initio methods in 3C- and 4H-SiC. By carefully checking the convergence with Brillouin Zone (BZ) sampling and supercell size we show that the split interstitial along <110> direction and tetrahedrally coordinated structure have similar formation energies in the cubic polytype. We discuss possible artifacts coming from the well known Density Functional Theory (DFT) underestimation of the band gap, which is particularly relevant for 3C-SiC. For 4H-SiC, the most energetical

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7

Flessner, Michael F. "The Role of Extracellular Matrix in Transperitoneal Transport of Water and Solutes." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 21, no. 3_suppl (2001): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080102103s04.

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♦ Objective To define the extracellular matrix (ECM), to discuss the physical properties of its components and their impact on transport, and to review data in humans and in animals on the importance of hyaluronan to peritoneal dialysis. ♦ Methods Literature survey. ♦ Results The ECM fills the interstitium between parenchymal cells and blood vessels in the subperitoneal interstitium. It is responsible for the interstitial resistance to solute and water transfer through the peritoneal barrier. Major components are collagen and hyaluronan, which are synthesized locally in the peritoneal tissue.

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8

Morich, Michael, and Labros Petropoulos. "5585724 Magnetic resonance gradient coils with interstitial gap." Magnetic Resonance Imaging 15, no. 4 (1997): XXV. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0730-725x(97)89094-7.

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9

Yang, Mengmeng, Jianan Hu, Shuo Cao, et al. "Influence of Nonmetallic Interstitials on the Phase Transformation between FCC and HCP Titanium: A Density Functional Theory Study." Metals 12, no. 10 (2022): 1607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12101607.

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In addition to the common stable and metastable phases in titanium alloys, the face-centered cubic phase was recently observed under various conditions; however, its formation remains largely unclarified. In this work, the effect of nonmetallic interstitial atoms O, N, C and B on the formation of the face-centered cubic phase of titanium was investigated with the density functional theory. The results indicate that the occupancy of O, N, C and B on the octahedral interstitial sites reduces the energy gap between the hexagonal-close-packed (HCP) and face-centered cubic (FCC) phases, thus assist

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10

Sanders, Kenton M., Yoshihiko Kito, Sung Jin Hwang, and Sean M. Ward. "Regulation of Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle Function by Interstitial Cells." Physiology 31, no. 5 (2016): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00006.2016.

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Interstitial cells of mesenchymal origin form gap junctions with smooth muscle cells in visceral smooth muscles and provide important regulatory functions. In gastrointestinal (GI) muscles, there are two distinct classes of interstitial cells, c-Kit+interstitial cells of Cajal and PDGFRα+cells, that regulate motility patterns. Loss of these cells may contribute to symptoms in GI motility disorders.

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11

Veeraraghavan, Rengasayee, Mohamed E. Salama, and Steven Poelzing. "Interstitial volume modulates the conduction velocity-gap junction relationship." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 302, no. 1 (2012): H278—H286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00868.2011.

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Cardiac conduction through gap junctions is an important determinant of arrhythmia susceptibility. Yet, the relationship between degrees of Gj uncoupling and conduction velocity (θ) remains controversial. Conflicting results in similar experiments are normally attributed to experimental differences. We hypothesized that interstitial volume modulates conduction velocity and its dependence on Gj. Interstitial volume (VIS) was quantified histologically from guinea pig right ventricle. Optical mapping was used to quantify conduction velocity and anisotropy (ARθ). Albumin (4 g/l) decreased histolog

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12

Larico, R., J. F. Justo, W. V. M. Machado, and L. V. C. Assali. "Band gap states of interstitial nickel-complexes in diamond." Physica B: Condensed Matter 376-377 (April 2006): 292–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.075.

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13

Ulrici, W., B. Clerjaud, and D. Côte. "Local-vibrational-mode absorption of interstitial oxygen in GaP." Physica B: Condensed Matter 273-274 (December 1999): 807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(99)00509-8.

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14

Daniel, E. E., I. Berezin, H. D. Allescher, H. Manaka, and V. Posey-Daniel. "Morphology of the canine pyloric sphincter in relation to function." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 12 (1989): 1560–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-251.

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The ultrastructure and immunocytochemistry of the canine distal pyloric muscle loop, the pyloric sphincter, were studied. Cells in this muscle were connected by gap junctions, fewer than in the antrum or corpus. The sphincter had a dense innervation and a sparse population of interstitial cells of Cajal. Most such cells were of the circular muscle type but a few were of the type in the myenteric plexus. Nerves were sometimes associated with interstitial cell profiles, but most nerves were neither close to nor associated with interstitial cells nor close to smooth muscle cells. Nerve profiles w

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15

HUANG, WEN-FEI, PIN-JIUN WU, WEI-CHIH HSU, CHIH-WEI WU, K. S. LIANG, and M. C. LIN. "CARBON-DOPEDTiO2NANOTUBES: EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDIES." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 12, no. 03 (2013): 1350007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633613500077.

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C-doped TiO2nanotubes (NTs) with anatase structure, prepared by anodizing the polished Ti foils, were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and synchrotron-based X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). XPS results show electron losses in C atoms, no electron change in Ti atoms, and two doping energy levels appeared in band gaps. Structural geometries, DOSs, PDOSs, and Bader charge analyses of C -doped TiO2anatase are predicted by periodic DFT calculations. Eight doping positions were taken into consideration: two substitutional cases

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16

Traila, Daniel, Cristian Oancea, Emanuela Tudorache, Ovidiu Fira Mladinescu, Bogdan Timar, and Voicu Tudorache. "Clinical profile of unclassifiable interstitial lung disease: Comparison with chronic fibrosing idiopathic interstitial pneumonias." Journal of International Medical Research 46, no. 1 (2017): 448–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060517719767.

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Objective Unclassifiable interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common problem in clinical practice. These patients pose a distinct challenge with regard to appropriate evaluation and management. We investigated the clinical features and prognosis of unclassifiable ILD and compared its clinical profile with that of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). Methods Patients with IPF (n = 40), NSIP (n = 14), and unclassifiable ILD (n = 27) were selected from an ongoing database. Baseline clinical features, pulmonary function, and the extent of fi

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Fujii, Hiroaki, Yu Hara, Yusuke Saigusa, et al. "ILD-GAP Combined with the Charlson Comorbidity Index Score (ILD-GAPC) as a Prognostic Prediction Model in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2023 (February 8, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5088207.

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Background. The ILD-GAP scoring system has been widely used to predict the prognosis of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The ability of the ILD-GAP scoring system combined with the Charlson Comorbidity Index score (CCIS) (ILD-GAPC) to predict ILD prognosis was investigated. Methods. In ILD patients, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP), collagen vascular disease-related interstitial pneumonia (CVD-IP), chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP), and unclassifiable ILD (UC-ILD), treated between April 2013 and April 20

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18

Sentosa, Deny, Xiao Hong Tang, Soo Jin Chua, and Zong You Yin. "Nitrogen Interstitial Defects in GaNAs Films Grown by MOCVD." Advanced Materials Research 31 (November 2007): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.31.77.

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Photoluminescence (PL) measurement shows an additional peak with stronger and broader emission at lower photon energy besides the energy band gap transition emission from GaNAs epilayer grown by MOCVD. This emission is assigned as nitrogen-nitrogen interstitial defect related emission. Effect of V/III ratio during the MOCVD growth on this defect related emission peak has been investigated. The combination of optimum V/III ratio during the MOCVD growth and post-growth rapid thermal anneal (RTA) can eliminate this defect emission peak and at the same time the GaNAs’ band gap emission has been gr

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19

van Gisbergen, S. J. C. H. M., M. Godlewski, T. Gregorkiewicz, and C. A. J. Ammerlaan. "Magnetic-resonance studies of interstitial Mn in GaP and GaAs." Physical Review B 44, no. 7 (1991): 3012–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.44.3012.

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20

Callaert, Carolien, Marnik Bercx, Dirk Lamoen, and Joke Hadermann. "Interstitial defects in the van der Waals gap of Bi2Se3." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 75, no. 4 (2019): 717–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520619008357.

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Bi2Se3 is a thermoelectric material and a topological insulator. It is slightly conducting in its bulk due to the presence of defects and by controlling the defects different physical properties can be fine tuned. However, studies of the defects in this material are often contradicting or inconclusive. Here, the defect structure of Bi2Se3 is studied with a combination of techniques: high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR-STEM), high-resolution energy-dispersive X-ray (HR-EDX) spectroscopy, precession electron diffraction tomography (PEDT), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fir

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21

Sui, G. P., S. Rothery, E. Dupont, C. H. Fry, and N. J. Severs. "Gap junctions and connexin expression in human suburothelial interstitial cells." BJU International 90, no. 1 (2002): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-410x.2002.02834.x.

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22

Zhang, Lamei, Jimin Shang, and Genwang Cai. "Indium passivation impact on HfO2/GaAs interface: A first-principles study." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 18 (2017): 1750203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917502037.

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The interface quality between III–V semiconductor and high-k material is critical for improving the performance of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors. Utilizing first-principles calculations, we explore the electronic properties of the GaAs/HfO2 interface when indium interfacial atom defects are introduced. The stability of the interfaces will increase with the increasing of the number of indium interfacial atoms. Meanwhile, the band offsets also depend on the number of indium atom substitutions and interstitials. Furthermore, the substitutions suppress the interfacial gap

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23

Kononov, Alina, Cheng-Wei Lee, Ethan P. Shapera та André Schleife. "Identifying native point defect configurations in α-alumina". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 35, № 33 (2023): 334002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/acd3cf.

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Abstract Intimately intertwined atomic and electronic structures of point defects govern diffusion-limited corrosion and underpin the operation of optoelectronic devices. For some materials, complex energy landscapes containing metastable defect configurations challenge first-principles modeling efforts. Here, we thoroughly reevaluate native point defect geometries for the illustrative case of α-Al2O3 by comparing three methods for sampling candidate geometries in density functional theory calculations: displacing atoms near a naively placed defect, initializing interstitials at high-symmetry

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24

Van Gisbergen, S. J. C. H. M., A. A. Ezhevskii, M. Godlewski, T. Gregorkiewicz, and C. A. J. Ammerlaan. "Interstitial and Substitutional Mn in GaAs and GaP: Magnetic Resonance Studies." Materials Science Forum 83-87 (January 1992): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.83-87.701.

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25

Zhang, Zhao-Chun, Lu-Jun Zou, and De-Liang Cui. "ESR detection of Ga self-interstitial defects in GaP nano-solids." Materials Science and Engineering: B 111, no. 1 (2004): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2003.11.016.

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26

Das, A. K., and S. S. Sadhal. "Analytical solution for constriction resistance with interstitial fluid in the gap." Heat and Mass Transfer 34, no. 2-3 (1998): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050238.

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27

Daniel, Edwin E., and Yu-Fang Wang. "Gap junctions in intestinal smooth muscle and interstitial cells of Cajal." Microscopy Research and Technique 47, no. 5 (1999): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(19991201)47:5<309::aid-jemt2>3.0.co;2-k.

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28

Pollard, Andrew E., William M. Smith, and Roger C. Barr. "Feasibility of cardiac microimpedance measurement using multisite interstitial stimulation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 287, no. 6 (2004): H2402—H2411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00289.2004.

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This study was designed to test the hypothesis that analyses of central interstitial potential differences recorded during multisite stimulation with a set of interstitial electrodes provide sufficient data for accurate measurement of cardiac microimpedances. On theoretical grounds, interstitial current injected and removed using electrodes in close proximity does not cross the membrane, whereas equilibration of intracellular and interstitial potentials occurs distant from electrodes widely separated. Multisite interstitial stimulation should therefore give rise to interstitial potential diffe

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29

Mehandru, S. P., and Alfred B. Anderson. "The migration of interstitial H in diamond and its pairing with substitutional B and N: Molecular orbital theory." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 2 (1994): 383–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.0383.

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We present results of atom superposition and electron delocalization molecular orbital (ASED-MO) calculations of interactions of interstitial H with substitutional B and N in diamond. Nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor C atoms were relaxed in geometry depending on the cluster size, XC34H36 or XC70H60, respectively, where X = B or N and the H atoms saturate the surface dangling radical orbitals of the models. A small Jahn-Teller distortion occurs for interstitial B, a shallow acceptor which, in the B− state, sits in a tetrahedral lattice site. For interstitial N distortions are large, w

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30

Bansal, Sameer, Unnati D. Desai, and Jyotsna M. Joshi. "Mortality prediction in chronic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs): ILD-GAP (gender age physiology) and (the new modified classification) TNMC-ILD-GAP." Pneumologia 69, no. 4 (2020): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pneum-2021-0015.

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Abstract Introduction: The interstitial lung disease-gender age physiology (ILD-GAP) model has been proposed on the lines of GAP-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) to predict mortality in chronic ILDs, other than IPF. We replaced diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) with the easy to perform 6-minute walk distance (6 MWD) in the ILD-GAP and proposed the new modified classification (TNMC)-ILD-GAP model. Our aim was to demonstrate the usefulness of the TNMC-ILD-GAP as a predictor of mortality in all chronic ILDs and compare the results with the ILD-GAP. Methods: It was a retrosp

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Daniel, E. E., Ahmed El Yazbi, Marco Mannarino, et al. "Do gap junctions play a role in nerve transmissions as well as pacing in mouse intestine?" American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 292, no. 3 (2007): G734—G745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00428.2006.

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Varicosities of nitrergic and other nerves end on deep muscular plexus interstitial cells of Cajal or on CD34-positive, c- kit-negative fibroblast-like cells. Both cell types connect to outer circular muscle by gap junctions, which may transmit nerve messages to muscle. We tested the hypotheses that gap junctions transmit pacing messages from interstitial cells of Cajal of the myenteric plexus. Effects of inhibitors of gap junction conductance were studied on paced contractions and nerve transmissions in small segments of circular muscle of mouse intestine. Using electrical field stimulation p

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32

Filippatos, Petros-Panagis, Nikolaos Kelaidis, Maria Vasilopoulou, Dimitris Davazoglou, and Alexander Chroneos. "Defect Processes in Halogen Doped SnO2." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020551.

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In the present study, we performed density functional theory calculations (DFT) to investigate structural changes and their impact on the electronic properties in halogen (F, Cl, Br, and I) doped tin oxide (SnO2). We performed calculations for atoms intercalated either at interstitial or substitutional positions and then calculated the electronic structure and the optical properties of the doped SnO2. In all cases, a reduction in the bandgap value was evident, while gap states were also formed. Furthermore, when we insert these dopants in interstitial and substitutional positions, they all con

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Filippatos, Petros-Panagis, Nikolaos Kelaidis, Maria Vasilopoulou, Dimitris Davazoglou, and Alexander Chroneos. "Defect Processes in Halogen Doped SnO2." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020551.

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In the present study, we performed density functional theory calculations (DFT) to investigate structural changes and their impact on the electronic properties in halogen (F, Cl, Br, and I) doped tin oxide (SnO2). We performed calculations for atoms intercalated either at interstitial or substitutional positions and then calculated the electronic structure and the optical properties of the doped SnO2. In all cases, a reduction in the bandgap value was evident, while gap states were also formed. Furthermore, when we insert these dopants in interstitial and substitutional positions, they all con

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34

Wang, Yu, Xiaolong Li, and Heyang Jia. "Experimental Study and Simulation Analysis of Slurry Filling Process of Shield Tail Synchronous Grouting." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (August 31, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4164927.

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Based on the inadequacy of groundwater pressure and other factors on interstitial pressure and slurry filling rate during synchronous grouting by groundwater action, a scaled-down simulation was carried out and the applicability of the simulation was verified by model tests based on the shield tunnel project of Metro Line 12 under Longzi Lake. The results show that during the synchronous grouting process, the pressure in the slurry filling area mainly depends on the grouting pressure, and the pressure in the gap increases with the increase of grouting pressure; the pressure distribution in the

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Fajariah, Nurul, Malika Fadlliyanai, Diki Purnawati, Harmon Prayogi, Ari Dwi Nugraheni, and Sholihun Sholihun. "Structural, Energetic, and Electronic Properties of H-Interstitial in C-Monovacancy: A First-Principles Density Functional Theory." Trends in Sciences 21, no. 6 (2024): 7657. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2024.7657.

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We discover a unique structural-modified diamond that exhibits similar symmetry and band gap energy to that of the pure diamond. We study a complex carbon-vacancy-hydrogen in the diamond using the density-functional-theory method. The defective models are created by adding H-interstitial (Hi, where i = 1, 2, 3 and 4) in the 3D diamond C-monovacancy. The result shows that carbon-vacancy-hydrogen defects significantly decreased the symmetry from Td to C2V. Likewise, the volumetric size of the systems is widening up to 48.70 %, while the optimized band gap energies are narrowing. Additional state

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Keeney, P. J., P. M. Coelho, and J. T. Haraldsen. "Intrinsic Defect-Induced Local Semiconducting-to-Metallic Regions Within Monolayer 1T-TiS2 Displayed by First-Principles Calculations and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy." Crystals 15, no. 3 (2025): 243. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15030243.

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Using density functional theory (DFT) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), the intrinsic point defects, formation energy, and electronic structure of 1T-TiS2 were investigated. Defect systems include single-atom vacancies, interstitial and adatom additions, and direct atomic substitution. Using a collective approach for analyzing realistic systems for point defect investigation, we provide a more straightforward comparison to the experimental measurements, reproducing more realistic environmental conditions related to thin film growth. STM images are compared to computationally simulated e

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Berezin, I., J. D. Huizinga, and E. E. Daniel. "Structural characterization of interstitial cells of Cajal in myenteric plexus and muscle layers of canine colon." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 68, no. 11 (1990): 1419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y90-216.

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We have carried out a detailed ultrastructural study of the interstitial cells near the myenteric plexus of the canine colon and defined the structural characteristics which distinguish them from other resident non-neural cells. We have also examined the interconnections of these interstitial cells with nerves, the longitudinal muscle, and the circular muscle. In addition, we sought connections between interstitial cells of the myenteric plexus and those described earlier at the inner border of the circular muscle in proximal and distal colon. The interstitial cells of the myenteric plexus wer

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Chen, W. M., and B. Monemar. "Gaiself-interstitial-related defect in GaP studied by optically detected magnetic resonance." Physical Review B 40, no. 2 (1989): 1365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.40.1365.

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39

Jinlong, Yang, Zhang Manhong, and Wang Kelin. "Site occupation and electronic structure of an interstitial Mn2+impurity in GaP." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 7, no. 17 (1995): 3271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/7/17/009.

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40

Stevens Kalceff, M. A. "Detection of Interstitial Molecules in Wide Band Gap Materials Using Cathodoluminescence Microanalysis." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 732–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600016986.

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Cathodoluminescence (CL) microanalysis (spectroscopy and microscopy) enables both pre-existing and irradiation induced defects in the bulk and surface defect structure of wide band gap materials (i.e. semiconductors and insulators) to be monitored and characterized with high spatial resolution and sensitivity. The local micro-volume of specimen may be selected for investigation by varying the electron beam parameters. CL micro analytical techniques allow the in situ monitoring of electron irradiation induced defects and the investigation of irradiation induced electromigration of mobile charge

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Wells, Athol U., and Katerina M. Antoniou. "The Prognostic Value of the GAP Model In Chronic Interstitial Lung Disease." Chest 145, no. 4 (2014): 672–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.13-2908.

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Ulrici, W., and M. Jurisch. "Vibrational Absorption of Hydrogen Bonded to Interstitial Oxygen in GaAs and GaP." physica status solidi (b) 233, no. 2 (2002): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3951(200209)233:2<263::aid-pssb263>3.0.co;2-m.

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Dolgolenko, A. P. "Modification of radiation defects in Si and Ge by background impurity." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 14, no. 4 (2013): 377–83. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2013.04.377.

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Model of modification of basic levels of the known radiation defects in silicon and germanium is offered. Energy of Hubbard is independent of number of electrons on radiation defect, and its size depends on base-line admixtures near-by vacancy defect. If near-by vacancy defect of the interstitial atom of oxygen is located, then energy of the negatively-charged acceptor defect is reducing on 0.06 eV, and energy of donor rises on the same size. The interstitial atom of silicon and of germanium changes the levels of defect on 0.03 eV. The atom of carbon in the interstitial site changes energy of

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Yarykin, Nikolai, and Jörg Weber. "Interstitial Carbon in p-Type Copper-Doped Silicon." Solid State Phenomena 242 (October 2015): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.242.302.

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The spectrum of defects produced by 5 MeV electron irradiation at room temperature in the oxygen-lean p-type silicon strongly contaminated with interstitial copper (Cui) is studied using the deep-level transient spectroscopy. It is observed that the interstitial carbon defects (Ci), which are abundant in irradiated copper-free samples, are not detected directly after irradiation. The phenomenon is attributed to the formation of a {Cui, Ci} complexes which exhibit no deep levels in the lower half of the band gap. The complexes are shown to dissociate under anneals at 300-340 K resulting in the

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Mehandru, S. P., Alfred B. Anderson, and John C. Angus. "Hydrogen binding and diffusion in diamond." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 3 (1992): 689–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.0689.

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We have investigated the binding and diffusion pathways for atomic hydrogen in diamond using the semiempirical atom superposition and electron delocalization molecular orbital (ASED-MO) theory. The bond-centered site has been found to be more stable than the tetrahedral and hexagonal interstitial sites due to the formation of a low-lying band-gap orbital which takes the promoted electron. A second hydrogen binds even more stably to the nearby antibonding site with additional stabilization of the now doubly occupied band gap orbital. The bond-centered hydrogen is predicted to migrate along the

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Wu, Hsuan-Chung, Yu-Siang Lin, and Syuan-Wei Lin. "Mechanisms of Visible Light Photocatalysis in N-Doped Anatase TiO2with Oxygen Vacancies from GGA+U Calculations." International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/289328.

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We have systematically studied the photocatalytic mechanisms of nitrogen doping in anatase TiO2using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory, employing HubbardU(8.47 eV) on-site correction. The impurity formation energy, charge density, and electronic structure properties of TiO2supercells containing substitutional nitrogen, interstitial nitrogen, or oxygen vacancies were evaluated to clarify the mechanisms under visible light. According to the formation energy, a substitutional N atom is better formed than an interstitial N atom, and the formation of an oxygen vacancy

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Mendonça Almeida, Leonor, Ana Luísa Fernandes, Catarina Gouveia Cardoso, et al. "Mortality risk prediction with ILD-GAP index in a fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis cohort." Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease 16 (January 2022): 175346662211353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17534666221135316.

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Background: Fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (fHP) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Interstitial lung disease–gender-age-physiology (ILD-GAP) performance in fHP outside the initial cohort was never performed. Aim: To assess the ILD-GAP index’s ability to predict mortality in a Portuguese cohort of patients with fHP and analyse whether other clinical variables add value. Methods: Retrospective analysis of fHP cohort in two Portuguese ILD centres. The baseline ILD-GAP index was calculated. Survival was analysed in months; mortality was the primary outcome. Univariate

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Mendoza, Ernesto, and Geert W. Schmid-Scho¨nbein. "A Model for Mechanics of Primary Lymphatic Valves." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 125, no. 3 (2003): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1568128.

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Recent experimental evidence indicates that lymphatics have two valve systems, a set of primary valves in the wall of the endothelial cells of initial lymphatics and a secondary valve system in the lumen of the lymphatics. While the intralymphatic secondary valves are well described, no analysis of the primary valves is available. We propose a model for primary lymphatics valves at the junctions between lymphatic endothelial cells. The model consists of two overlapping endothelial extensions at a cell junction in the initial lymphatics. One cell extension is firmly attached to the adjacent con

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CHEN, QI LI, GUANG ZHENG, KAI HUA HE, and BO LI. "FIRST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS ON ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES OF TiO2 ANATASE (101) SURFACES WITH N IMPURITIES." Modern Physics Letters B 25, no. 02 (2011): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984911025535.

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The electronic structures of nitrogen ( N )-doped TiO 2 anatase (101) surfaces have been investigated by density functional theory (DFT) plane-wave pseudopotential method with general gradient approximation (GGA) + U (Hubbard coefficient) method being adopted to describe the exchange-correlation effects. Both substitutional and interstitial N doping have been considered in this paper as well as the case of surface N adsorption. The results demonstrated that there is no obvious band gap narrowing observed by introducing N impurities except several N 2p states lying in the gap, whereas the intro

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Knaup, J. M., Peter Deák, Adam Gali, Z. Hajnal, Thomas Frauenheim, and Wolfgang J. Choyke. "The Search for Near Interface Oxide Traps - First-Principles Calculations on Intrinsic SiO₂ Defects." Materials Science Forum 483-485 (May 2005): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.483-485.569.

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The density of interface traps (Dit) in thermally oxidized SiC is unacceptably high for MOS device fabrication. The most severe problem is posed by the extremely high concentration of slow acceptor states near the conduction band edge of 4H-SiC. These states are attributed to near interface traps originating from (probably intrinsic) defects in the oxide. Here a systematic theoretical search is presented for possible defects in the oxide with an appropriate acceptor level. Supercell calculations using a hybrid functional approach (and resulting in a correct gap) on defects in alpha-quartz excl

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