Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Interventioner'
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Pettersson, Veronica, and Jacqueline Thelander. "Effekter av interventioner vid arbetsrelaterad stress." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9553.
Full textBackground: The levels of absenteeism and long term disability due to work-related stress and mental health problem are increasing. It affects the individual, organization and society. A well-functioning workplace contributes to public health, with both reductions in work-related illnesses and social inequalities in health. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the effects of interventions on work-related stress. Methods: This study was a literature study in which ten scientific articles were reviewed. The articles were analyzed, summarized and divided into three themes. The results were described using these three themes. Results: We found in our study that the most common effects of the interventions on work-related stress proved to be change in stress levels, increased knowledge and understanding of work-related stress and increased support, attitude and behavior change. Conclusion: Changes in levels of stress, increased knowledge and understanding as well as increased support, changing behaviors and attitudes proved to be the most important effects of interventions of work-related stress. By combining interventions at both individual and organizational levels, the result can be both effective and sustainable.
Holmberg, Petra, and Carolina Söderback. "Oavsiktlig hypotermi : Operationssjuksköterskans preventiva interventioner." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34505.
Full textMatsson, Carola, and Eva Söderhäll. "Interventioner för att främja sömnen hos äldre personer med demenssjukdom : - en ltteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-7956.
Full textAbstract The aim of this literature study was to describe the scientific literature for sleep disorder interventions for older people with dementia. The method was a descriptive study based on 14 scientific articles from seven countries, published between the years 2005 - 2010. Article search was made in the databases Medline and Cinahl, and manual searches were included. Included articles in the results were reviewed and quality estimated. The main result showed that there were various interventions as light therapy, melatonin, acupressure, social activity, education and herbal medicine to promote sleep disorders for people with dementia. The various interventions showed varied effect to promote sleep, none of the interventions was convincing, although other positive effects on agitation, circadian rhythm and day- time wake was discovered. The conclusion of this study is that more research is needed in different interventions to promote sleep disorders for older people with dementia. The goal of the measures is to improve quality of sleep, quality of life and recovery. Nurses can improve quality of sleep in patients with non-pharmacological interventions. Sleep hygiene, social activities and increase exposure of sunlight and bright light is first choice to treat sleep disorders among persons with dementia.
Ingvarsson, Anton. "Våldsamma Interventioner : En analys av våldsförbudet i FN-stadgan och staters ställningstagande till väpnade interventioner." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-55610.
Full textBlid, Roos Susanne, and Helena Johannesson. "Interventioner och interventioners effekt vid gaming disorder hos barn och unga : En beskrivande litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-24952.
Full textKristiansen, Sara, and Hanna Sundqvist. "Interventioner som motverkar ensamhet hos hemmaboende äldre : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179297.
Full textBackground: The global population is getting increasingly older. Loneliness is common among elderly people and can lead to suffering and decreased physical health. Nurses should promote well-being, which is why knowledge of how loneliness in this rising population can be reduced is important. Aim: The aim of this literature study was to compile interventions that can counteract loneliness among elderly over the age of 60 who are living at home. Methods: Searches were made in Cinahl, Scopus, PubMed, PsycInfo and MEDLINE. The literature study consists of 9 quantitative intervention studies that have been reviewed for quality, analyzed and compiled. Results: The outcome shows that the studied interventions were very diverse and consisted of different components: therapy groups, cognitive exercises, physical activity, social activities, and information/counseling. All studies that included cognitive exercises were efficient. CBT combined with Baduanjin qigong was more efficient than exclusively CBT. The remaining components were partially efficient. Conclusion: The solution to the problem of loneliness seems to be complicated. All components have the potential of being efficient when combined. More research is needed in order to draw correct conclusions. Established measuring instruments should be used due to the stigma surrounding loneliness.
Björklund, Linnéa, and Malin Mellström. "Interventioner som arbetsterapeuter använder vid stressrelaterad psykisk ohälsa : En kartläggning av interventioner av arbetsterapeuter på vårdcentraler." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67196.
Full textPrestjan, Liselott, and Martina Odenius. "Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för barn och ungdomar i skolan." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84823.
Full textThe purpose of the study was to investigate which occupational therapy interventions are carried out for children and young people in school. The method used was a qualitative method where seven occupational therapists in school and child- and youth habilitation were interviewed based on a semi-structured interview guide to share their experiences. A strategic selection and snowball sampling was used when recruiting participants. In data analysis of the collected material, a qualitative content analysis was used. Results showed that occupational therapy interventions in the school environment are versatile and enable increased independence and participation for children in Swedish schools. It became clear how the occupational therapists' client-centered work and holistic view of the human being resulted in interventions based on each student's unique situation. The results showed that the interventions would both facilitate schooling and prepare students for adulthood. Four themes with sub-themes were identified: Balance in activity patterns: Promoting well-being in and out of school. Environmental adaptation: Enable participation and assimilate the teaching in the school premises. Aids (sub-themes: cognitive and sensory): Increased independence during lesson and when moving. Coaching of staff: Dissemination of knowledge to school staff on how the environment can be adapted and compensated to increase the student's conditions for learning and development. The conclusion of the result showed how occupational therapists' work in the school contributed to increased participation and independence in activity for both the individual student at group level, which showed that the occupational therapy competence is applicable in the school's activities. This study confirmed that there is a need for further research to reinforce the value of the occupational therapist's contribution in this area.
Larsson, Johanna, and Sara Ytterberg. "Hälsofrämjande interventioner vid hypertoni : en litteraturstudie." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-32028.
Full textBernström, Josefin, and Jessica Stigsson. "Nätkränkningar : Interventioner och relationer i skolan." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-58889.
Full textJackson, Liliana. "Natos intervention i Kosovo 1999 : En ställningstagande idéanalys av Natos argumentation om begreppet humanitära interventioner." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-44464.
Full textKilander, Evelina, and Pernilla Johansson. "Interventioner som uppmärksammar närstående i palliativ hemsjukvård : en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-4008.
Full textBackground: The family members are important for the patient in palliative care. They provide security and are valuable. Today an increasing part of palliative care takes place in the home, which means that the family members are given a more central role in the care. Research shows that family members can experience both emotional, physical, social, and psychological challenges which increases the risk of illness. It is of great importance that the family members get the attention, are validated, and not feel alone in the care of the patient. Interventions aims to help family members to improve their situation or prevent the situation from getting worse. Aim: The aim with the literature review was to describe interventions that pay attention to family members in palliative home care. Method: The study design was a literature review. Both qualitative and quantitative publications were included. The databases PubMed and CINAHL were used to search the articles. A total of 10 articles, published between the years 2015–2020, were selected and analysed in the results of the literature review. Results: The results are described in three categories based on similarities in how the intervention is made. The categories are interventions for the family members to make them visible and confirmed, knowledge-building interventions and therapeutic interventions. The results show that there are interventions that pay attention to family members in palliative home care and that these interventions have an effect that shows a reduction of anxiety, caregiver burden and more quality of life. Conclusion: Specialist nurses in palliative care should offer support to patients and their family members. Interventions that make the family members visible in palliative homecare exist and should be offered in a structured way.
Charysczak, Alexander, and Per Johansson. "Hälsopromotiva interventioner för barn och ungdomar : En systematisk litteraturstudie om överviktsproblematik." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Human Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-319.
Full textBakgrund: Övervikten i den svenska befolkningen och i västvärlden har de senaste 25 åren ökat och gått allt längre ned i åldrarna. Övervikt och fetma utgör en riskfaktor för sjukdomar av såväl somatiska som psykosocial karaktär.
Syfte: Litteraturstudiens syfte var att beskriva hälsopromotiva interventioner för barn och ungdomar.
Metod: En litteraturstudie med artikelsökning och granskning utifrån syftet gjordes. Fem kvantitativa och en kvalitativ artikel inkluderades efter kvalitetsbedömningen.
Resultat: Resultatet visar på att problemet med övervikt måste ses ur flera perspektiv och åtgärdas från flera håll. Mönster som växte fram var: skolpersonalens interventioner, föräldrars interventioner, hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalens interventioner samt andra aktörers påverkan. Interventionernas tyngdpunkt ligger på kost och motion.
Slutsats: Framförallt en god kosthållning och fysisk aktivitet är viktiga faktorer för en lyckad intervention. För ett bestående resultat är också långsiktighet viktigt.
Background: The overweight in Sweden and the western world has increased in the last 25 years and gone further down the ages. Overweight and obesity are risk factors for diseases of both somatic and social characteristics.
Aim: The aim of this study was to describe health promoting interventions for children and adolescents.
Method: A literature review was made based on 5 quantitative studies and 1 qualitative study.
Result: The result shows that the problem with overweight has to be viewed from several perspectives and adjusted from several directions. The patterns that were found were: the interventions of school-staff, the interventions of parents, the interventions of health-staff and the influence of other participants. The main topics of the interventions were nutrition and physical activity.
Conclusion: Especially a healthy diet and physical activity are important factors for a successful intervention. Continuity is also important for a remaining result.
Johansson, Marie. "Beskrivning av interventioner mot barnfetma : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för vård och natur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-8530.
Full textBackground: Obesity is a public health disease that affects many children. Children who are overweight and obese, is usually also as adults. Obesity can cause complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Efforts towards that prevalence will increase must be done. Schools are considered a good forum to identify and help children with, or at risk for, obesity. Objective: Identify interventions and studies of interest to prevent childhood obesity, for children aged 2-16 years, with positive results in weight reduction or other lifestyle changes. Methods: The study is a literature review where ten scientific papers were selected to be analyzed and then generated in a result that presents the interventions' effect against childhood obesity. Results: Interventions were made in schools together with students and teachers, and interventions involving children and parents, they showed all the significant reductions in BMI or increased knowledge about nutrition and exercise. Conclusions: Schools should be better to use the schools playgrounds for physical activity and authority of the teachers to provide children with enough knowledge to make good healthy choices. Parents should observe their own behavior to food and physical activity for children to have a reduced risk of becoming overweight or obese.
Uddén, Markus. "Humanitära Interventioner : Dess moral, legalitet, och praktik." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-720.
Full textHumanitär intervention är ett begrepp inom internationella relationer som väcker många känslor och frågor. Trots att idén om att använda våld för att stoppa brott mot de mänskli-ga rättigheter kan verka attraktivt från ett moraliskt perspektiv, vilket man i århundraden har gjort, har denna praktik varit synnerligen oregelbunden. Detta i hög grad beroende på den ambivalens som finns inför de internationella normer som skall reglera staters använ-dande av militärt våld.
Synen på humanitära interventioner har ändrats i överensstämmelse med de förändringar som skett inom det internationella systemet. Dessa ändringar har, till viss del, medfört en förändrad syn på de normer som legitimerar användandet av våld inom det internationella samfundet.
Humanitära interventioner som begrepp och praktik innehåller många dilemman i vår tid. Detta eftersom det berör traditionella normer av suveränitet och ickeintervention, som är de främsta byggstenarna för det moderna internationella systemet, tillika del av Förenta Na-tionernas (FN) stadgar. Stater är i dag förbjudna att använda militärt våld som ett instru-ment i deras utrikespolitik, förutom i fall av självförsvar eller i kollektiva säkerhetsåtgärder, beslutade av FN:s säkerhetsråd. Det handlar även om att det finns traditionella normer som förbjuder intervention i andra staters interna angelägenheter. Dessutom ska allt militärt våld auktorernas av säkerhetsrådet, som har till uppgift att upprätthålla internationell fred och säkerhet.
Med detta perspektiv för ögonen, är användandet av våld för att genomdriva internationella humanitära normer, mycket begränsad enligt internationell lag. Detta har i många situatio-ner skapat ett svart hål när det kommer till att stoppa allvarliga förbrytelser mot de mänsk-liga rättigheter, genom internationellt ingripande. Ovanstående har lett till att man börjat diskutera och ifrågasätta traditionella principer som har varit ledande för det internationella samarbetet, vilket i sin tur skulle kunna öppna vägen för vissa interventioner med humani-tära syften.
Denna diskussion handlar om suveränitet, internationella lag och det handlar om moraliska ställningstaganden. Realismen har under lång tid varit den ledande skolan i internationella relationer och därmed lagt grunden för hur man ska tolka internationella konflikter, krigs-föring och interventioner. På senare tid har Realismen utmanats av andra teoretiska skolor och ställningstaganden som ifrågasätter Realismens förmåga att förklara händelser på den internationella arenan.
Genom att jämföra Realismens ståndpunkter, gentemot humanitära interventioner, med Utilitarismen och den Kosmopolitiska skolan, har uppsatsen kunnat presentera olika bilder av den problematik som humanitära interventioner idag står inför och därmed måste för-hålla sig till. Igenom att granska konflikten i Rwanda 1994 och Kosovo 1999 har problema-tiken runt humanitära interventioner ytterligare kunnat belysas och diskuteras. Detta har skett genom en kvalitativ textanalys.
Nyckelord: Humanitär Intervention, Suveränitet, Icke-intervention, Internationell lag, Rea-lism, Kosmopolitanism, Utilitarism, Moral
Humanitarian intervention is a concept within international relations that provoke many diverse feelings and questions. Although the idée too use force in the name of ending crimes against human rights may seem attractive from a moral perspective, its practise has been highly irregular. This is much due to the norms that regulate states use of military force.
The view on humanitarian interventions has changed in unity with the changes that have appeared within the international system. These changes have, to some extent, brought on a transformation in how we look upon the norms that regulate the use of force within the international community.
Humanitarian intervention is also a concept and practises that creates many dilemmas in our time. This because it touches and concerns traditional norms of sovereignty and non-intervention, that is not only fundamental building stones for the modern international system, but also a immense part of the structure of the United Nations (UN). States today, are forbidden to use military force as an integrated part of their foreign policy, except in cases of self-defence or collective security measures authorised by the UN Security Council. It is also about customary norms, which declare that states should not interfere in other states internal affaires.
In the company of the above stated, the use of force to implement humanitarian norms is fairly limited according to international law. This has repeatedly created a gap when it comes to stop serious violations against human rights through international interference. The above stated has led to an intense discussion concerning how traditional principals may have to chance in ways that better can guide international cooperation’s in these matters. This discussion may in turn lead to an opening for some sort of interventions with humanitarian purposes.
This discussion, furthermore, concerns sovereignty, international law, and it is about morality. Realism has for a long period of time been the leading school in international relations and has laid the ground for how we should interpret international conflicts, war and intervention. Recently, this school has been forced too respond to opposition from some other theoretical schools; questioning Realisms ability to explain activities on the international arena.
By comparing Realism opinion toward humanitarian interventions, with the Utilitarian and Cosmopolitan school, this thesis has been able to present different pictures describe the complexity of humanitarian interventions. Through analyse of the conflicts taking place in Rwanda 1994 and in Kosovo 1999, the issue of humanitarian intervention has been further scrutinised and discussed. This has been done through a qualitative text analyse.
Keywords: Humanitarian Intervention, Sovereignty, Non-intervention, International law, Realism, Cosmopolitanism, Utilitarianism, Morality
Tzanos, John, and Evelina Johansson. "Förebyggande interventioner : En normativ och begreppsutredande analys." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-389.
Full textDenna uppsats syftar till att undersöka de normativa utrymmen som det finns i dagens internationella samhälle för förebyggande interventioner. Interventioner definieras som ett medel i en större politisk strategi som sker inom en suverän stats gränser mot dess officiella vilja. Vidare skiljer sig förebyggande interventioner från icke-förebyggande genom dess preventiva karaktär. Utifrån en begreppsanalys studeras olika interventionsformer och argument för interventionspolitikens legitimerande. I den följande normativa analysen diskuteras och ställs olika argument om interventioners legitimerande emot varandra, och det normativa utrymmet för interventioner undersöks. Interventioner, förebyggande interventioner och legitimerandet av desamma är kopplat till begrepp som suveränitet och auktoritet men också till internationella lagar och universella normer samt motiven bakom interventionerna.
Ett av de stora dilemman som uppstår kring förebyggande interventioner är valet mellan att bryta mot de internationella politiska normerna och skadan av ett passivt förhållningssätt mot mänskligt lidande. I dagens internationella samhälle skulle det kunna finnas ett normativt utrymme för förebyggande interventioner under förutsättning att motiven bakom interventionen värderas högre än argumenten mot den förebyggande interventionen. Avsaknaden av en tydlig suverän auktoritet, allmänt giltiga och accepterade motiv och ett legalt utrymme gör att det är svårt att finna en normativ yta för förebyggande interventioner i det internationella samhället. Trots en ökad positiv retorik från FN rörande förebyggande interventioner, samt att interventioner blivit alltmer accepterade, vilket inte var fallet bara femtio år tillbaka, saknar förebyggande interventioner fortfarande en allmängiltig legitimitet och acceptans.
The objective of this thesis is to study the normative space and scope for pre-emptive interventions in the international society of today. Interventions are defined as part of a broader political strategy aimed at changing the actual course of actions within a specific sovereign country against that country’s official will. Further, are pre-emptive interventions distinguished from non-pre-emptive interventions by the latter’s reactive character. Through a concept analysis are different types of intervention and the arguments for the legitimacy of different intervention policies studied. In the following normative analysis different arguments for the legitimacy of interventions are positioned against each other, and thereby the space and scope for pre-emptive interventions is examined. Interventions, pre-emptive interventions and the legitimacy thereof, are connected to concepts of sovereignty and authority, as well as international law, universal norms and the motives behind the interventions.
One of the main dilemmas considering pre-emptive interventions is the choice between breaking international political norms, and the damage of doing nothing and passively watching ongoing human suffering. Today’s international society would have a space and scope for pre-emptive interventions provided that the motives behind the intervention are considered more valid than the arguments against the same policy. The lack of an obvious international authority, general valid and acceptable motives, and a legal space for pre-emptive interventions, make it difficult to find legitimate grounds and a normative space and scope for them. In spite of an increasingly positive rhetoric by the UN on pre-emptive interventions, among other examples, pre-emptive interventions remain a general notion of legitimacy and acceptance.
Backström, Maria, and Mathilda Johansson. "ARBETSTERAPEUTISKA INTERVENTIONER I ÄTSTÖRNINGSBEHANDLING : en kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-44124.
Full textRödén, Elin, and Elin Sehlin. "Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner med digital teknik : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-159002.
Full textLindberg, Monika. "Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner vid sjukdomsrelaterad fatigue - en litteraturstudie." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69600.
Full textAbstract The purpose of this literature study was to describe occupational therapeutic interventions in illness-related fatigue and their effects. In order to answer the purpose of the study, a literature study was chosen based on analysis of quantitative research. The results of this literature study were based on eighteen articles. The results showed that most of the occupational therapy interventions were activity-focused and based on the self-management principle, where the role of the occupational therapist is to help and support the person to handle his fatigue. The most common intervention was the Fatigue Management course described in nine articles, and all of which were conducted with people with MS diagnosis. In eleven of the articles it showed that the interventions had effect on illness-related fatigue. Fatigue was the primary outcome measure measured in most articles. The most commonly used assessment tool used to measure the effect of interventions was instruments that assessed the impact of fatigue, such as Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The conclusion of this study is that there are mainly studies where occupational therapy interventions in MS related fatigue have been studied and that they affect fatigue positively. On the other hand, there is a knowledge gap about which occupational therapy interventions are used in illness-related fatigue in, for example, cancer, rheumatic diseases or acquired brain injuries as well as any possible effect. Keywords: Occupational therapy, fatigue, patient education, self-management.
Alexis, Mariana, and Elvira Ohlsén. "Hälsofrämjande interventioner för patienter med kronisk hjärtsvikt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-71684.
Full textCurkic, Medina, and Raha Ali. "Akuta och sena komplikationer vid koronarangiografiska interventioner." Thesis, Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49335.
Full textFant, Sofia, and Elin Svensson. "Arbetsterapeutiska hälsofrämjande interventioner för äldre : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-84410.
Full textWingren, Maria. "Interventioner för återgång till arbete - efter arbetsförmågebedömning." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-54285.
Full textFrendin, Jessica, and Diana Jonsson. "Jag behöver få sova! : Interventioner för att främja sömn hos patienter som vårdas på intensivvårdsavdelningar." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-724.
Full textBackground: Sleep is a basic human need and should be addressed in patients being treated in hospital. Patients cared for in intensive care units often experience repeated interruptions of sleep and sleep deprivation, which can lead to both physical and psychological adverse consequences. The intensive care environment with its noise, strong lighting and frequent care-related interaction often leads to the inability of patients to get adequate sleep. Aim: To illustrate the various interventions the nurse can implement to improve the sleep environment and quality of sleep in patients who are cared for in an intensive care unit. Methods: A literature review with its basis in an analysis of quantitative research. Results: The result emerged in seven interventions that were divided into three different categories: creating a better sleep environment, shielding from light and sound, and preparing the patient for sleep. The seven interventions identified were: quiet/non-disturbance periods, guidelines/framework including activities to control disturbing environmental factors, education, ear plugs and eye mask, added "white noise", music and acupressure. Conclusion: By applying one or more of the seven interventions the sleep environment and sleep quality for patients cared for in intensive care units may improve. However, as some interventions produced conflicting results, further research in the area is required. Clinical significance: Sleep is an essential requirement and has great importance in the recovery from illness and should therefore be carefully understood by the nurse. Findings from the literature review can provide a better understanding of which interventions nurses can apply in their work to improve the sleep environment and sleep quality for patients cared for in intensive care units.
Alfredsson, Pontus, and Julia Hildorzon. "Att främja fysisk aktivitet hos gravida kvinnor." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9541.
Full textBackground: There is a gradual percentage increase in pregnant women who are overweight or obese in the west hemisphere. In Sweden, nearly 40 percent of those women are overweight and 10 percent are obese. One third of them are physically inactive which makes the research within public health highly relevant. Aim: To promote physical activity amongst pregnant women. Method: Ten research articles on the topic were reviewed to achieve a deeper understanding. By summarizing the most important and relevant points brought up in each article, a conclusion was formed. Those points where then categorized into three themes, which turned the study into a type of literature. Results: There are many factors that impact the pregnant women’s physical activity. These factors can be triggered by the actual pregnancy, such as symptoms causing the body to change. Location and environment is seen as important to help the promotion, such as social support and access to activities close to home. Effective interventions are diet and exercise consultations and measurable goals by using pedometers. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study was that several factors promoting pregnant women’s physical activity. Pregnant women are likely to follow the prenatal cares advice and therefore can interventions designed with the promoting factors integrated to prenatal care to achieve goals of public health.
Persson, Åsa, and Bengt Sundberg. "Effekter av utbildning till personer som lever med epilepsi : en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-23959.
Full textBackground: Living with epilepsy leads to increased psychological stress. People with epilepsy often have insufficient knowledge about the disease and the need for education is essential. The person needs to learn the symptoms and ways to avoid exposing themselves to situations that may trigger seizures. Health professionals have an important role in education, counseling and support to people with epilepsy and their families. The aim of this literature overview was to describe and evaluate the effects of education to people with epilepsy and / or its family. To answer this, a literature overview was selected as a method consisting of scientific articles with a quantitative approach. The result showed that to educate individuals and / or its family in the knowledge of epilepsy and self-care ability could be successfully be carried out. Quality of life in people with epilepsy does not seem to get effect of patient education. The conclusion was that education seems to have positive effect for people with epilepsy on knowledge and self-care ability. Continued research with randomized, controlled trials with larger sample would be of great value to further increase the knowledge about the effects of education in people living with epilepsy.
Sjölander, Sandra. "Interventioner för män som utövar våld i nära relation : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och kriminologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30741.
Full textI denna litteraturstudie har befintlig forskning avseende interventioner för män som utövar våld i nära relation sammanställts. Genom en systematisk litteratursökning valdes sju artiklar ut och sammanställdes, för att slutligen analyseras ur två olika teoretiska perspektiv. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om dessa interventioner har visat sig vara verksamma samt vilka teoretiska förklaringsmodeller som ligger till grund för interventionerna och till våldet. Resultaten tyder på att interventioner för män som utövar våld har effekt för att få våldet att upphöra. Resultaten tyder även på att kunskap och engagemang hos personal är framgångsfaktorer för lyckad behandling och att de program som har en psykologisk- och terapeutisk teoretisk utgångspunkt har större effekt avseende att uppnå en varaktig förändring.
Backenius, elin, nicole bertilsson, and anna Ericson. "Sexuellt överförbara infektioner bland ungdomar : interventioner i preventionsarbetet." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Human Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-2429.
Full textBakgrund: Många ungdomar drabbas årligen av sexuellt överförbara infektioner och antalet smittade fortsätter att öka. Med enkla medel kan dessa infektioner förebyggas och detta område behöver belysas inom sjuksköterskans profession.
Syfte: Redogöra för tillgänglig omvårdnadsforskning gällande interventioner i preventionsarbetet kring sexuellt överförbara infektioner.
Metod: Systematisk litteraturstudie användes som metod. Studien infattar 12 artiklar som var både kvalitativa och kvantitativa.
Resultat: Brist på kommunikation gällande sexuellt beteende och att ungdomar inte är medvetna om de konsekvenser som uppkommer vid oskyddad sexuell kontakt framkom i resultatet. Här har sjuksköterskan/utbildad personal i sex och samlevnad en betydelsefull roll i preventionsarbetet. Vikten av att ha någon vuxen att samtala med samt trygghet och sekretess vid kontakt med sjukvården visade sig vara viktigt för ungdomar. Olika interventionsprogram för att identifiera riskbeteende samt utbilda personal och uppmuntra till reflektion kring sex och samlevnad är bra instrument som sjuksköterskan kan använda i preventionsarbetet mot sexuellt överförbara infektioner.
Slutsats: Ytterligare forskning kring olika interventionsprogram samt ökad utbildning för ungdomar samt vårdpersonal skulle i framtiden kunna bidra till att minska smittspridningen av sexuellt överförbara infektioner.
Nordin, Emelie, and Louise Ingemansson. "Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för personer med KOL : - en litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-156130.
Full textAltundal, Sara. "Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för vuxna med depression : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-158349.
Full textFahl, My, and Emma Walther. "Sjuksköterskans förebyggande arbete vid stickrelaterade interventioner på barn." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-3152.
Full textSaid, Deema, and Juliana Babana. "Arbetsterapeutiska Interventioner För Vuxna Flyktingar : En Scoping Review." Thesis, Jönköping University, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52954.
Full textThe number of refugees is increasing in today's society and arriving in a new country tend to fetch up in occupational deprivation. The reason why refugees end up in occupational deprivation is due to various factors, such as environment, culture and language. Refugees are in need of proper help and support to be able to cope with everyday life and eliminate the risk of mental illness as several have been exposed to previous trauma, during and after the escape. Purpose: The aim of the study was to identify and describe occupational therapy interventions for adult refugees. Method: A scoping review has been used to identify relevant literature. The databases AMED, CINHAL, ProQuest and PsycINFO were used. A total of 15 articles were included in the results where the articles were analyzed through numerical and thematic analysis. Result: The results showed that occupational therapists can work with adult refugees by identifying meaningful activities that promote integration into society, work towards the individual's independence and improve ADL ability. It also emerged that culture is an important aspect that the occupational therapist should consider during the rehabilitation. Conclusion: Refugees arriving in a new country are in need of being able to participate in meaningful activities. Meaningful activities lead to health and well-being, where the individual gets a sense of community.
Westroth, Marcus, and Jonas Uggla. "Betydelsen av arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för människor med artros." Thesis, Jönköping University, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52848.
Full textLövgren, Erica, and Jennie Rockman. "Ett personcentrerat arbetssätt i arbetsterapeutiska interventioner : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86294.
Full textBackground: A person-centered approach is a foundation in occupational therapy activities, where each person has a unique starting point within their sociodemographic factors and personal preferences, which can affect people's performance of activities and participation in everyday life. Aim: To examine and compile how people who have participated in occupational therapy interventions and occupational therapists experience a person-centered approach, to gain an understanding of difficulties and opportunities with this approach. Method: A qualitative literature review of previous research. Results: The result are presented under the headings and subheadings: How people who have participated in occupational therapy interventions experience a person-centered approach; Difficulties and opportunities in the collaboration, Occupational therapists' experiences of a person-centered approach; Difficulties and opportunities in the collaboration and: Organizational difficulties and opportunities with a person-centered approach. Conclusion: An increased understanding of the concept of a person-centered approach is needed through further studies, this would contribute to more knowledge about the meaning of the concept and how it should be implemented in Swedish occupational therapy.
Lazzaro, Izabela. "Icke-farmakologiska interventioner för att minska preoperativ ångest hos vuxna patienter : en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-6581.
Full textBackground: Research indicates that preoperative anxiety is a widespread problem among patients undergoing surgery. It has been shown in several studies that preoperative anxiety may lead to different postoperative complications. It is the nurse's responsibility to identify and to reduce patients' anxiety. Aim: To describe which non-pharmacological interventions are available to reduce preoperative anxiety in adult patients. Method: The study was designed as a literature review performed according to the Fribergs method. This literature review is based on twelve quantitative articles published between 01/2007 and 09/2017. The search for the articles was conducted in CINAHL Complete database and PubMed database. Results: The result of this review indicates that there are several, different interventions that may be used in addition to pharmacological treatment in order to effectively reduce preoperative anxiety in adult patients. Anxiety in the preoperative phase can be alleviated by providing the patient with information tailored to the individual's needs. Anxiety can also be reduced by providing emotional support or by helping the patient to find comfort in spirituality/religion. The result of this review indicates moreover that the level of anxious can be minimized by listening to soothing music, nature sounds or guided imagery. Relaxation exercises, aromatherapy, acupuncture and reflexology were also found to reduce preoperative anxiety. Only the photographic display was not found to be effective in reducing anxiety in the preoperative phase. Discussion: The result of this review was discussed in relation to the nurse's responsibilities. The discussion of the results was focused on the practical issues about implementation of the non-pharmacological methods in the clinical practice. Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring was used as a theoretical framework that helped the author in results analysis.
Hildingsson, Victoria, and Anders Clarström. "Kartläggning av fysioterapeutiska interventioner i multimodal smärtrehabilitering inom primärvården. : En enkätstudie." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Medicinsk vetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28322.
Full textBackground: Chronic pain is a major public health problem which involves high costs for society and, of course, also great suffering for the individual. Multimodal rehabilitation (MMR) means that different occupational categories work together around these patients. Research shows moderately to strong scientific evidence for MMR in complex pain problems. There are a lack of evidence about which type of physiotherapeutic interventions that are used in multimodal pain rehabilitation. Aim: The aim was to study which physiotherapy interventions that are used in multimodal primary healthcare rehabilitation in Sweden. Method: Cross-sectional survey with quantitative approach based on a self-designed web questionnaire. The population consisted of physiotherapists working in clinics reporting to the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation (SQRP) in primary care and the result is based on the 23 physiotherapists who responded to the web questionnaire. Results: The results are based on 71% of the NRS-affiliated clinics. Counseling/teaching and various forms of physical training formed the basis of the physiotherapist's work in MMR teams in primary care. Almost all patients meet physiotherapists during the treatment period. Group treatment or a combination of group and individual treatment were most common. The treatment periods were mostly between four to eleven weeks where the patient met a physiotherapist most often weekly or several times a week. In the primary care MMR-team, the physiotherapist, occupational therapist, KBT therapist, physician and rehab coordinator were the most common occupational categories. Conclusion: Physiotherapists have a central role in the MMR-teams in primary care, they primarily use evidence-based, active interventions.
Nilsson, Jenny, and Lilia Blixt. "Kan djurassisterade interventioner i vården bidra till positiva effekter på livskvalitet? - En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27209.
Full textBackground: The use of animals in healthcare has shown to give many positive effects on humans. Regardless of people’s age and conditions, animals can contribute to the improvement of mental, physical and social functioning. A positive attitude, a person-centred approach and good interpersonal relationships are needed to provide good care. Intimacy and belonging are a part of the basic human needs. Quality of life is about how individuals value their mental, physical and social well-being. To improve quality of life often can be seen as the goal of nursing. Purpose: To describe how animal-assisted interventions influence health related quality of life in patients. Method: Deductive literature review was conducted with nine quantitative articles. To analyze the data Friberg’s three-stage model was used. Results: Six domains emerged in the concept of health related quality of life: physical, social, mental, emotional, activity and function and satisfaction. In addition to the domains a general quality of life emerged. No homogenous results could be seen in the different domains; however, in the majority of the studies there was significant improvement in the general quality of life. The most significant improvement was seen in the social domain. Conclusion: Animals in healthcare have different levels of impact on health related quality of life in different patient groups. Animals may positively affect patient’s quality of life and it is therefore suitable for use as a supplement in treatment and rehabilitation in healthcare.
Anton, Helgason. "Interventioner för äldre personer med fokus på existentiell hälsa." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44737.
Full textInterventions for elderly people with a focus on existential health - A scoping review.Background: The elderly population will increase, which means an increased need for care and support to ensure that good health can be maintained. The concept of health includes physical, mental and social well-being. It is becoming increasingly common to also consider an existential dimension in terms of health. Interventions aimed at existential health have shown a positive result. The duty of occupational therapists is to work client-centered and strengthen each patient's emotional and physical well-being based on each individual's unique conditions. Spirituality is part of every human being and is therefore an important part of occupational therapists to consider. Purpose: To map and describe interventions for elderly people with a focus on existential health. Method: A literature study in the form of a scoping review has been used. Articles have been collected through searches in the databases AMED, CINAHL and PubMed. Eleven articles have finally been used in the work and the result has been reviewed and analyzed numerically and thematically. Results: The interventions have been mapped and described in the following categories: place for the interventions, spiritual interventions, interventions aimed at meaning and purpose of life, communication-based interventions aimed at existential health and the care providers' education and execution of interventions aimed at existential health. Conclusion: Individually designed interventions aimed at the existential health of elderly people give a positive result in the form of better physical and mental health. The feeling of having a purpose and a meaning with life is important and gives the individual an increased well-being. Further research needs to be done.
Ericsson, Nelly. "Arbetsterapi och hivinfektion - Interventioner för vuxna med HIV/AIDS." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arbetsterapi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-44290.
Full textHenriksson, Therese, and Emma Trygg. "Kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar hos personer med multipel skleros – Rehabiliterande interventioner." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-12800.
Full textBergsten, Ulrika. "Fatigue vid fibromyalgi - icke-farmakologiska interventioner som kan lindra." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-133.
Full textFibromyalgi (FM) är ett tillstånd av kronisk smärta, förutom smärtan karaktäriseras sjukdomen även av sömnstörningar, extrem trötthet och kognitiva störningar. Att ständigt leva med smärta innebär en stor stressfaktor och både fysiska, psykiska och stressrelaterade symtom är vanliga. Den ständigt närvarande upplevelsen av fatigue liknar den som beskrivs vid kroniskt trötthetssyndrom. Fatigue definieras som ett tillstånd av onaturlig och onormal eller extrem trötthet i hela kroppen, som inte är relaterat till aktivitet eller ansträngning. Syftet med studien var att beskriva vilka icke-farmakologiska interventioner som förekommer för att lindra fatigue hos patienter med FM. Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie. Tolv vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och sammanställdes. Resultatet visade att interventioner som kombinerade träning och kognitiv inriktning hade bäst effekt för att lindra fatigue under en längre tid. Vikten av tro på patientens upplevelse av både smärta och fatigue visades sig vara betydelsefullt för att komma vidare i livet. Att stödja patienten med kunskap och engagemang från flera yrkeskategorier belystes som viktiga delar i vården av patienter med FM. Vidare forskning kring teambaserad vård behövs för att tydliggöra resultatet ytterligare.
Davidsson, Liselott, Anders Edström, and Bengtsson Sara Sengenbjerg. "Interventioner vid övervikt och fetma hos barn och ungdomar." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-579.
Full textÖvervikt och fetma växer sig allt större runt om i världen. Ca 25 % av 10-åringarna i Sverige är överviktiga och 4 % lider av fetma. Denna litteraturstudie belyser interventionsprogram mot övervikt och fetma samt upplevelser kring övervikt hos ungdomar och erfarenheter av arbete med övervikt och fetma . Denna studie visar att beteendemodifierad behandling med fokus på kost- och aktivitetsråd var den vanligaste strategin. Interventionsprogrammen erbjuder föräldramedverkan och utbildning av olika slag. Överviktiga ungdomar har dåligt självförtroende och självbild som påverkar deras vardag negativt. Både miljö och bemötande påverkar hur ungdomarna upplever det stöd de får. Professionella vårdgivare upplever brist på motivation, tid och resurser samt avsaknad av stöd från kollegor som ett hinder för att starta interventionsprogram. Det är av stor betydelse att de tydliga och lättanvända riktlinjer som finns för sjukvården lyfts fram och används.
Ödhammar, Gabrielle. "Utvärdering av Group Development Questionnaire-interventioner på svenska arbetsgrupper." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8214.
Full textArbetsteam har blivit en allt mer vanlig tillämpad organisationsform på dagens arbetsplatser. Att utforma bra metoder för att stödja arbetsgruppers utveckling är därför av stor vikt. Group Development Questionnaire (GDQ) är en metod framställd för att arbeta med grupper ur ett utvecklingsperspektiv. Denna studie utvärderar resultaten av GDQ-interventioner som genomförts på tolv svenska arbetsgrupper, i syfte att undersöka om positiva förändringar skett i grupperna. Resultaten visade inte på några större signifikanta förändringar i gruppernas fasutveckling. De sammanlagda gruppernas mått på produktivitet var signifikant högre efter intervention. Man fann ett signifikant positivt samband mellan gruppens ålder och effektivitet samt ett signifikant samband i att grupper som befann sig i de högre utvecklingsfaserna själva ansåg sig vara mer produktiva. GDQ-metodens användbarhet på en svensk population samt den svenska översättningen av GDQ-enkäten diskuteras. Slutsatsen som dras är att fler studier, med mer rigorös vetenskaplig design, behövs för att pröva metodens användbarhet på en svensk population.
Hällsten, Daniel, and Daniel Eneroth. "Interventioner för ökad patientsäkerhet vid intrahospitala transporter av intensivvårdspatienter." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-35909.
Full textHaglind-Sangré, Martin, and Nilsson Niklas Källänge. "Interventioner för att minska stillasittande på arbetsplatsen : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-27700.
Full textGonzalez, Engkvist Camilla. "Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för barn med Downs syndrom : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Hälsa och rehabilitering, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-73881.
Full textThe purpose of the study was to investigate available types of occupational therapeutic interventions for children with Down's syndrome by reviewing scientific articles. Data collection was carried out through a literature search through databases that were available through Luleå University of Technology. The articles were quality-reviewed to determine if they were suitable for inclusion in the study. In total, 18 articles were identified as the basis for the study. The results showed that there are occupational therapy interventions for children with Down's syndrome. The identified occupational therapeutic interventions were categorized based on Fisher's (2009) six forms of intervention: "preparation", "rote practice / exercise", "simulated occupation", "restorative occupation", "acquistional occupation" and "adaptive occupation". However, the interventions of the articles were included only by four of Fisher's (2009) six intervention forms. Furthermore, it was examined whether the articles' occupational therapeutic interventions took place at the level of activity or function. The result of the literature review showed that the larger proportion of the occupational therapeutic interventions for children with Down syndrome occurs at the functional level, that is, based on the interventions that Fisher (2009) describes as: "preparation", "rote practice / exercise" and "simulated occupation”.
Wahlström, Oskar. "Luftmakt i humanitära interventioner : en prövning av Wardens teori." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-8372.
Full textAlderete, Nina, and Anna-Carin Nylander. "Hundens hälsofrämjande effekter inom vård och omsorg : Djurassisterade Interventioner." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-782.
Full textBackground: Poor health increases today in Sweden in several health areas. Disease or other health problems can lead to a life-changing situation for many individuals. Experiencing insecurity, loneliness, lack of support and affirmation in this context may contribute to further health problems when health workers are affected by stress and lack of time. Antonovsky emphasized the importance of a salutogenic perspective to promote health. Aim: To highlight the health benefits of dogs on patients’ in health care. Method: A literature review based on the analysis of ten scientific articles according to the purpose. Result: The dog as a therapy animal in healthcare shows several health benefits in physical, mental, social and emotional health. The presence of the dog contributed to increased physical activity, energy, Quality of Life and social interaction while pain, stress and mental illness symptoms reduced. Conclusion: There are several health benefits of dogs in health and social care work, which suggests good reasons to further implement them in health care. Clinical importance: The result aims to highlight the potential value of dogs in health and social care work. This to further provide animal-assisted interventions as a complement to traditional health care and thereby achieve optimal health for more patients.
Kupczak, Krystyna, and Maryam Armstig. "Preoperativ patientinformation inför anestesi : En systematisk litteraturöversikt av interventioner." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21478.
Full textJohansson, Josefine. "Upplevelser av arbetsterapeutiska interventioner vid psykisk ohälsa : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-180838.
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