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1

Rogozin, Dmitry. "Interview Completion Protocol." Inter 15, no. 4 (2023): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/inter.2023.15.4.6.

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The article raises the question of the necessity to develop clear procedures and regulations for completing interviews that would allow the interviewer, regardless of the type of interview, not only leave a good impression of himself and maintain an empathic relationship, but also not violate the fundamentals of research ethics and maintain high standards of field work. The reader is provided with a protocol for completing an interview, consisting of five requirements, the fulfillment of which guarantees the successful completion of even the most difficult conversation. We are not talking about a set of instructions; rather, basic recommendations and guidelines are presented, guided by which the interviewer will be able to develop his own communicative techniques for completing the interview. The presented protocol is universal and suitable for qualitative and quantitative interviews.
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Shoozan, Aishath, and Maslawati Mohamad. "Application of Interview Protocol Refinement Framework in Systematically Developing and Refining a Semi-structured Interview Protocol." SHS Web of Conferences 182 (2024): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202418204006.

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A semi-structured interview is a data collection method used in qualitative inquiry. It involves the use of preconstructed questions to elicit information about a topic under investigation. A well-prepared interview protocol is an important tool for collecting quality data. Hence, preparing interview protocols and refining them to ensure precision and relevance is an important step to warrant the credibility and quality of data. This article discusses the steps taken to refine an interview protocol developed to conduct an analysis of the English language speaking skills needs of front office operators in the Maldives tourism industry. It describes the application of the Interview Protocol Refinement (IPR) Framework to refine the interview protocol. The four phases of the IPR Framework were used: (1) ensuring interview questions aligned with research questions, (2) constructing an inquiry-based conversation, (3) receiving feedback on the interview protocol, and (4) piloting the interview protocol. The application of the IPR Framework resulted in a fine-tuned interview protocol. The first phase helped to attain interview questions aligned with research questions. This phase helped in fine-tuning the interview protocol by ensuring that the interview questions aligned with the purpose of the research. The second phase allowed the building of an inquiry-based conversation that reflects the context of the research, thus creating an interview protocol designed to obtain specific information through conversation. The next phase aided in improving the protocol based on readers’ feedback. This phase helped in refining the interview questions by changing the content and wording of some questions and reordering them. The last phase resulted in conducting an interview in a real setting and testing the interview protocol. This helped to refine the interview protocol further by rephrasing interview questions for clarity, adding details to some questions, and modifying the linguistic composition of some questions. The IPR Framework involves an iterative refining process, thus enhancing the quality and trustworthiness of the interview protocol.
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3

Hunter, M. Gordon. "Creating Qualitative Interview Protocols." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 4, no. 3 (2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2012070101.

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This manuscript describes a technique which facilitates the documentation of research participant stories interpreting their experiences in response to a research question. From a Narrative Inquiry approach interview protocols were developed based upon the exploration of a research question. The technique may be applied when gathering qualitative data in one-on-one interviews. Each interview protocol provided consistency across a number of interviews; but also allowed for flexibility of responses by the research participant within their respective interviews. This document provides a description of a technique which addresses the conundrum of consistency and flexibility. Four different research projects are described in this manuscript. The specific interview protocol is presented and it is shown how the protocol serves to address the project’s research question. This document concludes with a description of how these techniques may be employed, in general, to contribute to the exploratory investigation of a research topic in business and management studies.
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Leong, Sok Yee, and Hamdan Said. "Development and refinement of the interview protocol: interview questions for international school teacher retention." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 13, no. 5 (2024): 3017–27. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i5.29079.

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For novice researchers, creating a list of interview questions as part of the interview procedure to collect data for addressing the research questions is always a challenge. Despite several studies have provided vital suggestions for novice researchers in developing and refining interview questions, few studies offer a clear path for designing and improving interview questions. The suggested guidelines from past research lack empirical evidence, particularly in the field of education. This study aimed to present the process of developing and refining an interview protocol used in an international school teacher retention study. This study suggested and tested five phases in the development and refinement of a qualitative interview protocol: i) establishing preliminary questions based on a literature review; ii) ensuring alignment of interview questions with research questions; iii) constructing an inquiry-based conversation; iv) receiving feedback on interview protocols; and v) piloting the interview protocols. It provides comprehensive and user-friendly guidance for novice researchers in developing qualitative instruments. Using this roadmap can help novice researchers to prepare for the interview process, remain open to new findings and enhance the effectiveness of qualitative interview tools.
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Leong, Sok Yee, and Hamdan Said. "Development and refinement of the interview protocol: interview questions for international school teacher retention." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 13, no. 5 (2024): 3017. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i5.29079.

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<span lang="EN-US">For novice researchers, creating a list of interview questions as part of the interview procedure to collect data for addressing the research questions is always a challenge. Despite several studies have provided vital suggestions for novice researchers in developing and refining interview questions, few studies offer a clear path for designing and improving interview questions. The suggested guidelines from past research lack empirical evidence, particularly in the field of education. This study aimed to present the process of developing and refining an interview protocol used in an international school teacher retention study. This study suggested and tested five phases in the development and refinement of a qualitative interview protocol: i) establishing preliminary questions based on a literature review; ii) ensuring alignment of interview questions with research questions; iii) constructing an inquiry-based conversation; iv) receiving feedback on interview protocols; and v) piloting the interview protocols. It provides comprehensive and user-friendly guidance for novice researchers in developing qualitative instruments. Using this roadmap can help novice researchers to prepare for the interview process, remain open to new findings and enhance the effectiveness of qualitative interview tools.</span>
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Ab Patah, Salihah, Norliza Jamaluddin, Ng Chong Guan, and Ermanto. "DATA COLLECTION PROTOCOL FOR ORAL CORPUS OF MAJOR DEPRESSION DISORDER PATIENT." International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science 07, no. 04 (2024): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54922/ijehss.2024.0752.

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The collecting of oral data involving mental health patients in hospitals demands research ethics approval to mitigate risks or harm towards participants of the study. The appointment of psychiatric experts as clinical supervisors is imperative to facilitate the process of data collection through interviews, particularly with patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The process of obtaining permission to access hospitals and interview patients involves research ethics approval from the Research Management and Innovation Centre, Sultan Idris Education University (RMIC-UPSI), and the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC-MREC). A total of 35 MDD patients were interviewed according to the study protocol and interview guidelines. The interview protocol is also subject to the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988 (Act 342) due to the Covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia. The transcribed interview data can amount to 65,894 words when extracted into WordSmith 8.0 software. Overall, this data collection process encompasses, appointment of psychiatric experts as clinical supervisors, research ethics approval and field data collection protocols.
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7

Lamb, Michael E., Yael Orbach, Irit Hershkowitz, Phillip W. Esplin, and Dvora Horowitz. "A structured forensic interview protocol improves the quality and informativeness of investigative interviews with children: A review of research using the NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol." Child Abuse & Neglect 31, no. 11-12 (2007): 1201–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.03.021.

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8

Vrij, Aldert, Sharon Leal, and Ronald P. Fisher. "Interviewing to Detect Lies About Opinions: The Devil’s Advocate Approach." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 10, no. 12 (2023): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.1012.16027.

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The verbal cues lie tellers spontaneously report during interviews are weak and unreliable (DePaulo et al., 20023; Vrij, Hartwig, & Granhag, 2019). Researchers therefore asked for interview protocols to be developed that would elicit such verbal cues (Vrij & Granhag, 2012). Ten years later several interview protocols have emerged (Vrij, Granhag et al., 2022), including Cognitive Credibility Assessment (Vrij, Fisher, & Blank, 2017; Vrij, Mann et al., 2021), Reality Interviewing (Bogaard et el., 2019; Colwell et al., 2007), the Strategic Use of Evidence (Granhag & Harwig, 2015; Hartwig et al., 2014) and the Verifiability Approach (Nahari, 2019; Palena et al., 2021). All these interview protocols focus on distinguishing between truthful and deceptive statements about alleged activities. However, practitioners are also interested in detecting lies when people discuss their opinions. The Devil’s Advocate Approach is the only interview protocol we are aware of aimed to distinguish between truthful and deceptive opinions. In this article we present the (scarce) Devil’s Advocate Approach research conducted to date.
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9

Nusrat, Rohia, Sumbal Nawaz, and Sumara Masood. "Meta-Analysis of the NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol for Child Sexual Abuse Cases." Foundation University Journal of Psychology 8, no. 2 (2024): 42–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33897/fujp.v8i2.766.

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Abstract Background: Forensic interviews are pivotal to the investigation of child sexual abuse cases. Following best practice, evidence-based guidelines when conducting such interviews is essential in obtaining a credible and reliable testimony. The investigative interview protocol developed by the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) incorporates these guidelines into a structured interview procedure. An integral part of the NICHD protocol is to promote open-ended, invitational interviewer prompts. The current research was conducted to observe the impact of the NICHD Protocol in encouraging invitational prompts and discouraging suggestive prompts when compared to non-protocol interviews. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of the NICHD protocol was conducted, including 11 studies selected following inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were determined through the PICO framework. The included literature were experimental studies comparing the NICHD protocol with other structured or unstructured interview methods in interviews conducted with children in suspected cases of child sexual abuse (CSA), with a focus on assessing the quality of investigation using interviewer prompts as a dependent measure. Electronic online databases and Registers/websites including PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, OSF, Dissertation Abstracts International, and ProQuest Dissertations and These were searched for both peer-reviewed articles and grey literature. The analysis used a random effect model that computed separate weighted mean of the effect sizes shown in independent studies for prompts namely: Directives, Option-posing, Suggestions, and Invitations. Results: Results of the analysis indicated that overall, interviews with the NICHD protocol had less directives (g= -0.9106), option-posing (-0.9178) and suggestive prompts (g= -0.5516), and more invitational (g= 1.9859) prompts than non-protocol interviews. Conclusion: These results corroborate with the findings of previous studies. However, these findings should be considered with caution due to the detection of high levels of heterogeneity. Keywords: Eyewitness testimony, Investigative interviewing, Meta-analyses, Child sexual abuse, NICHD protocol, Interviewer prompt
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10

Bochaver, K. A., D. Bondarev, A. Savinkina, and L. M. Dovzhik. "Interview in Sport Psychology: Method of Study and Preparing an Intervention." Клиническая и специальная психология 6, no. 4 (2017): 148–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2017060410.

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Current article includes an analysis of interviewing in sport psychology, an observing of modern scientific interview protocols, a description of interview cases in private practice and research; also there is a discussion about efficiency and limitations of interview method in the article. Approaches to interviewing as the main and auxiliary method are discussed in details. The objective of the article is to show how an interview can reveal interesting biographical facts, personality traits, the installation of an athlete, to reflect his inner world, and to form working in the field of sport psychology professionals and students view on the advantages and opportunities an interview in the work of sports psychologist (research and practice). This method can be regarded as a tool of knowledge, but is also used as a preliminary interview before long-term or short-term therapeutic work. Clinical conversation as one of the options the interview are invited to the discussion; the article provides a common protocol for clinical interviews in the sport.
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11

Kim, Ji Hyun, Yoon Na Park, Eal Whan Park, Yoo Seock Cheong, and Eun Young Choi. "Effects of BATHE Interview Protocol on Patient Satisfaction." Korean Journal of Family Medicine 33, no. 6 (2012): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2012.33.6.366.

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12

Killen, Melanie, Jennie Lee–Kim, Heidi McGlothlin, and Charles Stangor. "Appendix B: Summary of the Interview Protocol Design." Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 67, no. 4 (2002): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-5834.00225.

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13

Brown, Deirdre A., Michael E. Lamb, Charlie Lewis, Margaret-Ellen Pipe, Yael Orbach, and Missy Wolfman. "The NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol: An analogue study." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 19, no. 4 (2013): 367–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0035143.

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14

Fisher, M. S. "Psychosocial Evaluation Interview Protocol for Pretransplant Kidney Recipients." Health & Social Work 31, no. 2 (2006): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hsw/31.2.137.

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15

Gugiu, P. Cristian, and Liliana Rodríguez-Campos. "Semi-structured interview protocol for constructing logic models." Evaluation and Program Planning 30, no. 4 (2007): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2007.08.004.

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16

Bhalla, Sunil, Nurhidayah Bahar, and Kanagi Kanapathy. "​Pre-testing Semi-structured Interview Questions Using Expert Review and Cognitive Interview Methods." International Journal of Business and Management 7, no. 5 (2023): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26666/rmp.ijbm.2023.5.2.

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The aim of this methodological paper is to report on a way to pre-test semi-structured interview questions using both the expert review and cognitive interview methods for multiple case study research. Pre-testing, a type of pilot study, is important to ensure semi-structured interview questions can achieve the desired goal of rigour in the qualitative research process ensuring construct validity and reliability. Expert reviews can be undertaken using a modified Qualitative Appraisal System (QAS-99) questionnaire and cognitive interviews using Tourangeau’s four-stage cognitive model with verbal probes and concurrent probing. Modifications can then be made to the initial semi-structured interview questions resulting in a final semi-structured interview protocol. Reflective insights in the pre-testing process should also be documented. As there is a dearth of reports on how to undertake pre-testing of semi-structured interview questions using both the expert review and cognitive interview methods, this paper provides a valuable methodological guide for qualitative researchers in the preparation and development of a semi-structured interview protocol especially for multiple case study research.
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Clark, Lauren, Ana Sanchez Birkhead, Cecilia Fernandez, and Marlene J. Egger. "A Transcription and Translation Protocol for Sensitive Cross-Cultural Team Research." Qualitative Health Research 27, no. 12 (2017): 1751–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732317726761.

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Assurance of transcript accuracy and quality in interview-based qualitative research is foundational for data accuracy and study validity. Based on our experience in a cross-cultural ethnographic study of women’s pelvic organ prolapse, we provide practical guidance to set up step-by-step interview transcription and translation protocols for team-based research on sensitive topics. Beginning with team decisions about level of detail in transcription, completeness, and accuracy, we operationalize the process of securing vendors to deliver the required quality of transcription and translation. We also share rubrics for assessing transcript quality and the team protocol for managing transcripts (assuring consistency of format, insertion of metadata, anonymization, and file labeling conventions) and procuring an acceptable initial translation of Spanish-language interviews. Accurate, complete, and systematically constructed transcripts in both source and target languages respond to the call for more transparency and reproducibility of scientific methods.
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Benia, Luis Roberto, Nelson Hauck-Filho, Mariana Dillenburg, and Lilian Milnitsky Stein. "The NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol: A Meta-Analytic Review." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 24, no. 3 (2015): 259–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2015.1006749.

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Chen, Xi, Jingjing Su, Daniel Thomas Bressington, Yan Li, and Sau Fong Leung. "Perspectives of Nursing Students towards Schizophrenia Stigma: A Qualitative Study Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (2022): 9574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159574.

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Aim: This study aims to explore fourth-year nursing students’ knowledge of schizophrenia and their attitudes, empathy, and intentional behaviours towards people with schizophrenia. Design: This will be a descriptive qualitative study using focus-group interviews. Methods: Fourth-year nursing students on clinical placement in a hospital in Hunan province will be invited for focus-group interviews. Snowball and purposive sampling will be used to recruit nursing students for this study. Five focus-group interviews, each including six participants, will be conducted to explore participants’ knowledge, attitudes, intentional behaviours, and empathy towards schizophrenia. The interview will be conducted through the online Tencent video conference platform and the interview data will be collected through the same platform. All interviews will be recorded and transcribed verbatim and analysed with the approach of the content analysis supported by NVivo 12. Simultaneous data collection and analysis will be performed, and the interviews will be continued until data saturation is met. The findings of this study will be helpful in developing effective interventions to decrease the stigma toward schizophrenia among nursing students and those who study healthcare disciplines.
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Cecatti, Jose Guilherme, Luis Bahamondes, Moazzam Ali, et al. "Issues related to pregnancy, pregnancy prevention and abortion in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a WHO qualitative study protocol." BMJ Open 12, no. 10 (2022): e063317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063317.

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IntroductionWHO has generated standardised clinical and epidemiological research protocols to address key public health questions for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. We present a standardised protocol with the aim to fill a gap in understanding the needs, attitudes and practices related to sexual and reproductive health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on pregnancy, pregnancy prevention and abortion.Methods and analysis planThis protocol is a prospective qualitative research, using semi-structured interviews with at least 15 pregnant women at different gestational ages and after delivery, 6 months apart from the first interview. At least 10 partners, 10 non-pregnant women and 5 healthcare professionals will be interviewed once during the course of the research. Higher number of subjects may be needed if a saturation is not achieved with these numbers. Data collection will be performed in a standardised way by skilled trained interviewers using written notes or audio-record of the interview. The data will be explored using the thematic content analysis and the researchers will look for broad patterns, generalisations or theories from these categories.Ethics and disseminationThe current protocol was first technically assessed and approved by the WHO scientific committee and then approved by its ethics review committee as a guidance document. It is expected that each country/setting implementing such a generic protocol adapted to their conditions also obtain local ethical approval. Comments for the user’s consideration are provided the document, as the user may need to modify methods slightly because of the local context in which this study will be carried out.
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Tareen, Laraib, Fowzia Menga, Nadeem Zaman, Manzoor Brohi, and Hadi Khan. "Business Motives among Students: A Qualitative Appraisal of Drive Theory." Jinnah Business Review 9, no. 2 (2021): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.53369/tcoq8790.

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The main purpose of conducting this exploratory qualitative research was to determine the nature of drive theory among business students, where drive is a motivation for some behavior based on a biological need. The target population of our study was the universitylevel business students. We used the existing literature on drive theory for the development of interview protocol. After the finalization of the interview protocol, six semi-structured interviews were conducted with the business students enrolled in different programs with different fields of specialization. The data were analyzed using ATLAS.ti version 8. We found that business-related motivation was created by six drivers including aggressiveness, acquisition, achievement, social recognition, personal goals and desire for power.
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Flowers, Claudia P., and Dawson R. Hancock. "An Interview Protocol and Scoring Rubric for Evaluating Teacher Performance." Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice 10, no. 2 (2003): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969594032000121261.

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Soares, Rhea Silvia de Avila, Suzinara Beatriz Soares de Lima, Thais Dresch Eberhardt, Marciane Kessler, Dienifer Fortes da Fonseca, and Simone Kroll Rabelo. "Incorporação do protocolo de lesão por pressão na gerência do cuidado: Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados." Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing 16, no. 4 (2018): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.17665/1676-4285.20175643.

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Aim: Understand the significance of the incorporation of the pressure injury protocol in the care management performed by nurses. Method: Qualitative research using a methodological framework based on the Grounded Theory. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview, with 22 nurses from a university hospital, from July to September 2014. Results: The central phenomenon "Making the Pressure Injury Protocol meaningful as a Nursing Qualification Tool for Managerial Care", composed of the category "Qualifying the professionals for the management of care" and its four subcategories, which are: "Perceiving the professional qualification from the protocol", "Considering the protocol a teaching tool", "Perceiving the protocol as an instrument of education in service", and "Evidencing the importance of protocols in patient safety". Conclusion: The study showed that the protocol is a tool of care, as well as an instrument of education in service, which makes management of care safer and also promotes professional qualification.
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ORHAN, Gülçin, and Gulsen ERDEN. "Reliability of Forensic Interview with Child Victim of Sexual Abuse in Turkey." Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 14, no. 4 (2022): 570–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1088328.

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In cases of child sexual abuse, sometimes the only evidence may be the statement of the victim child. It is only recent phenomenon in Turkey that forensic interviews with child victims of sexual abuse prioritize the child victims and they are administered in a careful and delicate way that would not cause secondary traumatization, and they are conducted by professionals educated. Child advocacy centers and forensic interview rooms are formations where forensic interviews are conducted with children who are victims of sexual abuse. In this article, credibility of forensic interviews conducted with sexually abused child victims are covered on the basis of practices in child advocacy centers. From this point of view, the place of child abuse in Turkish law, institutional practices on this issue and the importance of coordination among institutions are mentioned. Subsequently, the importance of forensic interview for the investigation conducted with the child is explained, and basis components of the forensic interview process are listed. Afterwards, the characteristics of widely used protocols for forensic interviews in the world are mentioned and the credibility of victim’s statement effect and elements affecting the trustworthiness are touched upon. Last, the failures experienced in the system which includes forensic interviews in Turkey and suggestions to remedy these are assessed. Forensic interview should be done within the framework of a joint meeting protocol, increasing the frequency of forensic interviewer supervision training and making it compulsory, public prosecutor, judge, law enforcement officer and professionals working in the child protection system should also participate in the training of forensic interview with the child and consideration of all factors in the credibility evaluation of the forensic interview has been the suggestions conveyed in the light of the relevant literature.
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Bela, Elisabeth. "Application of Government Regulations in the Implementation of Face-to-face Learning at SMA Negeri 1 Nita in the New Normal Period." EduMatika: Jurnal MIPA 2, no. 2 (2022): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.56495/emju.v2i2.177.

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This study aims to find out 1) Application of government rules in the implementation of face to face learning, 2) Constrainst faced by schools in the application of government rules for implementing face to face learning, 3) Solutions in overcoming obstacles faced in SMA Negeri I Nita new normal period. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Nita. This study uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques used, namely, interview techniques, observations and documentation. Based on the results of interviews with school principals, teachers, students, staffing staff, security quards, and parents in the application of health protocol. 1) The application of health protocol rules is still not implemented properly in accordance with the rules issued by the government, 2) Constraints of students are less obedient during running health protocols such as using masks, maintaining limited learning and learning time, 3) Sulitions ladies and gentlemen, teachers must remid all svhool members to continue to apkly health protocols during face to face learning in the new normal period
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Saeeda Shahwani, Rifat Tahira, Asia Abbas, and Munawar Khan. "Challenges and Opportunities of Higher Education for the Girls of Balochistan." Voyage Journal of Educational Studies 4, no. 3 (2024): 304–12. https://doi.org/10.58622/vjes.v4i3.211.

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This study examined the challenges and opportunities of higher education for the females of Balochistan studying in South Punjab with a focus on economic, social, and cultural factors. It was a descriptive and exploratory study and therefore, qualitative research methodology was used for data collection. The population of the study consisted of all the female students of Balochistan studying in universities of the South Punjab. A purposeful sample strategy was used; and thirty (30) students agreed to participate in the study. The participants were briefed for qualitative interviews. This study used a semi-structured interview protocol for data collection. The interview protocol was prepared according to the objectives of the study. After finalizing the interview protocol, the researchers individually contacted the students and conducted their interviews. A total thirty (30) participants were interviewed. Besides, the researchers also elaborated their personal experiences and observations which have been described in the relevant section(s). Thematic analysis was used to uncover common themes in the interview data. The study demonstrated that the Balochistani girls face significant challenges in pursuing their higher education at South Punjab universities. The social and language difficulties not only hinder their mixing with local students; but also create challenges for them to be confident and participate in curricular as well as co-curricular activities. Despite of these challenges, there are considerable opportunities and benefits like access to higher education, learning life skills, earning degree(s) and exposure to varied cultural backgrounds are considerable. However, these prospects may only be fully realized if suitable support structures are in place to assist the students to overcome the socio-cultural and economic barriers.
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Self, Becky. "Conducting Interviews during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond." Inter 13, no. 4 (2021): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/inter.2021.13.4.1.

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The use of telephone and VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) interviews has become necessary owing to the legal restrictions and safety measures introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has furthered scholarly dialogue surrounding the choice of interview mode, and the assumption that face-to-face interviews are the "gold standard" [Novick, 2008: 397]. The general public has also become more accustomed to utilising VoIP in their day-to-day lives. In this article, I discuss this change in communication methods and the impact it could have on interview modes. Nevertheless, the researcher's and participant's contexts remain paramount when deciding which interview mode to employ. For this reason, Oltmann's model [Oltmann, 2016] has been extended to include VoIP, providing a more complete framework for researchers to make an informed decision when contemplating interview modes.
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Minalla, Abdelrahim. "Solutions to the Engineering Education Research Activity Challenges in Sudan." Asean Journal of Engineering Education 6, no. 2 (2022): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/ajee2022.6n2.105.

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Currently, the researcher has been engaging in engineering education research in Sudan. Needless to say, the researcher has encountered many challenges while gathering data using semi-structured interview. This paper discusses these challenges, and how the researcher was able to successfully overcome most of them, and to achieve complete interview. These challenges evolve around factors that affecting the quality of gathered data: experienced participants, well-developed interview protocol, interview environment and logistics, interviewer’s experience and training, language of the interview, and transcription of recorded audio interviews to text. Researcher’s network and his professional connections enabled the researcher to assemble and approach a group of experienced participants who were willing to share their expertise related to the research topics. Also, researcher knowledge of both Arabic and English languages was instrumental in conducting quality Arabic interviews, transcription of audio interviews, and accurate translation between the two languages. At the same time researcher’s expertise and his upfront preparation helped in avoiding interview distraction and letting the participant to talk freely, while keep the participant focused on the research topics.
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Ponterotto, Joseph G., Lourdes Rivera, and Lina Adachi Sueyoshi. "Effective Techniques: The Career-in-Culture Interview: A Semi-Structured Protocol for the Cross-Cultural Intake Interview." Career Development Quarterly 49, no. 1 (2000): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2000.tb00753.x.

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Henderson, Emma. "Interview: Registered Reports and PhDs – What? Why? How? An interview with Chris Chambers." PsyPag Quarterly 1, no. 109 (2018): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpspag.2018.1.109.52.

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In the Registered Reports publishing model, peer review and in-principle acceptance (provisional acceptance for publication provided the authors follow their registered protocol) are based on the research question and methodological rigour, and happen before the study is run and results are obtained. In addition to the benefits to science as a whole, Registered Reports provide many positives for the researcher. I interviewed Chris Chambers, professor of cognitive neuroscience at Cardiff University, Chair of the Registered Reports Committee supported by the Center for Open Science, and one of the founders of Registered Reports. I spoke to Chris about why we need Registered Reports and specifically how they can work for PhD students.
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Hay-Gibson, Naomi Victoria. "Interviews via VoIP: Benefits and Disadvantages within a PhD study of SMEs." Library and Information Research 33, no. 105 (2010): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/lirg111.

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The benefits and disadvantages of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) are explored as part of a PhD study to conduct qualitative interviews to discuss risk management within records management. This was used in conjunction with an internet-based electronic whiteboard system to provide online collaboration between participant and researcher.
 This work describes interviews that were held separately with two participants from one small to medium enterprise (SME). An analysis of factors that might affect researcher choice of interview format is given, and the differences noted between other formats of 'remote' interview. Suggestions are made as to how other forms of e-communication may be used for interviews.
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Cyr, Mireille, Jacinthe Dion, Pierre McDuff, and Karine Trotier-Sylvain. "Transfer of Skills in the Context of Non-Suggestive Investigative Interviews: Impact of Structured Interview Protocol and Feedback." Applied Cognitive Psychology 26, no. 4 (2012): 516–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acp.2822.

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Barber, Alison E., and Mark V. Roehling. "Job postings and the decision to interview: A verbal protocol analysis." Journal of Applied Psychology 78, no. 5 (1993): 845–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.5.845.

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Harvey, Sharon A., Michael S. Lauer, Fredric J. Pashkow, and Gordon G. Blackburn. "IMPACT OF PATIENT INTERVIEW AND HISTORY ON APPROPRIATE EXERCISE PROTOCOL SELECTION." Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation 14, no. 5 (1994): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-199409000-00063.

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Iacono, Alexander M., Mathew Scott Lemberger, Mallory Morris, Sylvia Wajswol, and Kristina Melvin. "4.30 Marshall Clinician Firearms Interview Risk and Education Protocol (C-FIRE)." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 63, no. 10 (2024): S240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2024.08.275.

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VILHUSHYNSKYI, Mykhailo, and Yuriy STETSYK. "INTERVIEW PROTOCOL OF FR. YOSAFAT MAKAREVYCH KREMENETS BASILIAN MONASTERY HEGUMEN (1774)." Східноєвропейський історичний вісник, no. 14 (March 13, 2020): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2519-058x.14.197176.

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Meissner, Christian A., Allison D. Redlich, Sujeeta Bhatt, and Susan Brandon. "PROTOCOL: Interview and Interrogation Methods and their Effects on Investigative Outcomes." Campbell Systematic Reviews 6, no. 1 (2010): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cl2.68.

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Al Shabasy, Sahar, Maggie Abbassi, and Samar Farid. "EQ-VT protocol: one-size-fits-all? Challenges and innovative adaptations used in Egypt: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 11, no. 12 (2021): e051727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051727.

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ObjectivesTo present the challenges and adaptations done to the EuroQol Valuation Technology (EQ-VT) protocol to fit the Egyptian culture during the extensive pilot phase of the Egyptian EuroQol 5 Dimension five level (EQ-5D-5L) valuation studyDesignThis study was a cross-sectional, interviewer-administered face-to-face survey of representative Egyptians using the Arabic version of the EuroQol Group Valuation Technology (EQ-VT-2.1) and a country specific questionnaire pertaining to participants’ demographics and opinions about health, life and deathSettingParticipants were recruited from workplaces, university campuses, sporting clubs, shopping malls and other public areas from different Egyptian governorates representing all geographical areas of the country.ParticipantsA total of 1378 participants were interviewed from July 2019 to March 2020 by 12 interviewers to select a representative sample in terms of: geographical distribution, age and gender, of which 75 participants did not complete the interview, 298 interviews were pilot and 1005 interviews were real of which 974 interviews were used for the valuation study. Two participants did not complete the country-specific questionnaire but completed the valuation protocol; therefore, 1301 interviews were included in the final analysis of country specific questions.ResultsSome modifications were applied to the protocol. The ‘wheelchair example’ was modified to ‘migraine example’ since most of the participants in the pilot interviews considered being in a wheelchair ‘worse than dead’. There was some ambiguity in the Egyptian translated version for the EQ-5D-5L between levels 4 and 5 of the pain and depression dimensions. This was overcome by using colour coding to express the different levels of severity. A pictorial representation for the EQ-5D-5L health states was used to interview illiterate and less educated participants.ConclusionIn the Egyptian valuation study, the modifications made to the EQ-VT protocol made it feasible and culturally acceptable to the Egyptian participants.
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Zain, Azizah, Mazlina Che Mustafa, and Jamilah Mohd Basir. "IMPLEMENTATION INVESTIGATION PROJECT AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION DURING THEIR TEACHING TRAINING." International Journal of Modern Education 2, no. 4 (2020): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijmoe.24006.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate undergraduate students' knowledge in the implementation of the Investigation Project during their teaching practice. Investigation Project is one of the approaches adopted from the Project Approach. This approach included in the National Preschool Standard Curriculum. In this study, data were collected using questionnaire and interview protocol. The survey was used to obtain information on the students' knowledge of implementing the Investigation Project. At the same time, the interviews were conducted to find out the implementation of the Investigation Project for students undergoing teaching practice using the Teacher's Guide. The study sample is purposive sampling. One hundred seven students answered the questionnaire, and the interview protocol administered to 5 students who are implementing the Investigation Project in their teaching practices using Teacher Guidelines. The findings of the study indicate that the level of knowledge of the Early Childhood Education students in the Investigation Project is at a moderate level with an overall mean value of 2.69. The findings from the interview protocol found that the Teacher Guidelines provided to them helped them to implement the Investigation Project more effectively. The conclusion, this study showed that postgraduate students need a practical guide in assisting them to achieve this approach as they are less exposed to this approach while studying. The implications of this study have provided beneficial exposure to potential TADIKA teachers in Malaysia.
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Primawidani, Lois Putu, Ferry Kriswandana, and Deddy Adam. "EVALUASI PENERAPAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN DALAM MENCEGAH PENULARAN COVID-19 DI GEREJA-GEREJA WILAYAH KECAMATAN GUDO KABUPATEN JOMBANG TAHUN 2021." Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan 20, no. 1 (2022): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36568/gelinkes.v20i1.16.

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In March 2020 the government determined that the COVID-19 outbreak was a national disaster that spread through splashes, so gatherings of large numbers of people could increase the risk of spreading COVID-19. The church is a place for Christians to carry out religious activities. During this activity, there was interaction between congregations that could increase the potential for the spread of COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate the application of health protocols in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 in churches in the Gudo District, Jombang Regency in 2021. This study uses a descriptive observational method. The variables of this research are socialization and education of COVID-19 health protocols, use of masks, hand washing facilities or hand sanitizers, disinfection, social distancing systems, thermoguns, restrictions on the number of congregations and duration of worship, as well as air circulation and floor types. Data collection used observations and interviews to describe the implementation of the COVID-19 health protocol in seven churches in Gudo District, Jombang Regency. Data analysis in this study is to collect data, process and compile, then presented in tabulation then each variable is analyzed descriptively. Observation results show that all churches get the Good category with a minimum score of 76.92%. The results of the interview show that the manager has facilitated the congregation in implementing the COVID-19 health protocol. The conclusion from this research is that the implementation of the COVID-19 health protocol is not optimally implemented, namely socialization and education of the COVID-19 health protocol and measuring body temperature. Suggestions for other researchers who want to continue this research are researching the implementation of the COVID-19 health protocol in places of worship using quantitative research methods.
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Cormi, Clément, Guillaume Parpex, Camille Julio, et al. "Understanding the surgeon’s behaviour during robot-assisted surgery: protocol for the qualitative Behav’Robot study." BMJ Open 12, no. 4 (2022): e056002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056002.

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IntroductionRobot-assisted surgery is spreading worldwide, accounting for more than 1.2 million procedures in 2019. Data are sparse in the literature regarding the surgeon’s mechanisms that mediate risk-taking during a procedure, especially robot-assisted. This study aims to describe and understand the behaviour of the surgeons during robot-assisted surgery and the change in their behaviour with increasing experience in using the robot.Methods and analysisThis is a qualitative study using semistructured interviews with surgeons who perform robot-assisted surgery. An interview guide comprising open questions will be used to ensure that the points to be discussed are systematically addressed during each interview (ie, (1) difference in behaviour and preparation of the surgeon between a standard procedure and a robot-assisted procedure; (2) the influence of proprioceptive modifications, gain in stability and cognitive biases, inherent in the use of a surgical robot and (3) the intrinsic effect of the learning curve on the behaviour of the surgeons. After transcription, interviews will be analysed with the help of NVivo software, using thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationSince this project examines professional practices in the field of social and human sciences, ethics committee was not required in accordance with current French legislation (Decree no 2017-884, 9 May 2017). Consent from the surgeons is implied by the fact that the interviews are voluntary. Surgeons will nonetheless be informed that they are free to interrupt the interview at any time.Results will be presented in peer-reviewed national and international congresses and submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication. The communication and publication of the results will be placed under the responsibility of the principal investigator and publications will be prepared in compliance with the ICMJE uniform requirements for manuscripts.Trial registration numberNCT04869995.
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Lamba, Nishtha, Angelique Van Tonder, and Archana Raghavan. "Unpacking Qualitative Methodology to Explore Experiences of Mothers with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the UAE: A Thematic Analysis Inquiry." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 21 (January 2022): 160940692211102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221110295.

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The current study provides a detailed description of the qualitative research design and methodology, used while exploring challenges and support structures experienced by expat mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the United Arab Emirates. In-depth, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were administered with 17 mothers recruited using purposive and snowball sampling. Recurrent and relevant themes were generated using thematic analysis. Given there is a greater need for highlighting methodological rigor in qualitative research, we discuss steps such as a) using field knowledge to create an interview protocol, b) administering collaborative qualitative research, c) having strong eligibility criteria for participants, d) incorporating perspectives of multiple coders in the analytical process, e) being reflective and aware of one’s potential biases, f) enhancing interview protocol based on pilot interviews, g) and focusing on the quality of perspectives or information power instead of quantity of perspectives. Interpretation of findings and recommendation of evidence-informed guidelines incorporates strengths and limitations of the qualitative methodology utilized in the study.
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Delft, Elke van, Aukelien Scheffelaar, Meriam Janssen, and Katrien Luijkx. "The feasibility of the story as a quality instrument as a narrative quality improvement method." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 13, no. 4 (2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v13n4p29.

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Background and objective: Stories from older adults give insight into their personal lives and in the care they receive. The story as a quality instrument is a narrative quality improvement method with which care professionals can interview older adults about how care is experienced. Each performed interview will be translated into a portrait containing the core themes of the shared story. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of and experiences with the story as a quality instrument amongst care professionals and older adults receiving long-term care.Methods: Five care locations providing nursing home care and one providing home care participated in the current study. In total 19 trained care professionals performed interviews with 52 older adults. Both the performed interviews and written portraits were scored according to preset criteria to establish the compliance to the predetermined protocol. Next to that, experiences from care professionals as insider researchers and respondents were gathered.Results: Overall the fidelity for performing the interview was good. In 90% of cases interviewers posed one inviting open question. Following, interviewers used proposed interviewing techniques such as asking in depth questions, asking for an example or summarizing what has been said. In 20 of the interviews, the respondents input accounted for over 80% of the total number of words, and in 27 interviews the respondents’ input accounted for 60%-80%. Fidelity with the protocol for drawing up portraits was sufficient in most cases. In 66% the portrait contained all important themes and in 32% the majority of important themes. One portrait missed a significant proportion of themes mentioned during the interview. The experiences from care professionals consist of successes, challenges, added value and prerequisites.Conclusions: Care professionals were mostly capable of following the method according to protocol after being trained. The method is believed to be a promising innovation because care professionals play a key role in gathering and using stories to improve quality of care. The outcomes can be used by care professionals to learn and improve within their care location according to the quality framework for nursing home care.
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Jabeen, Samera, Mohsin Asif, and Abid Ali. "An Exploration of the University Students' Experiences Regarding the Teachers' Gender Bias." Global Sociological Review VIII, no. II (2023): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(viii-ii).21.

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This qualitative study was a follow-up of quantitative research which was conducted to identify the male university teachers’ gender bias in the classroom. In this qualitative exploration, there were 18 students who were sampled for the study conveniently. The researchers developed an interview protocol based on (Ali et al., 2021) and collected the data with the help of individual interviews. The interview protocol comprised nine open-ended questions. The data were analyzed with the help of the Thematic analysis. The qualitative results confirmed the quantitative results that the teachers’ interaction was found biased against females. Similarly, their feedback was also found biased against males and the positive feedback and motivation are given more to the female students. Similarly, the teachers’ expectations were found biased against females in that the challenging tasks are not assigned to them keeping in view their gender. The teachers also use male-oriented language while teaching.
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Mahardika, Yohanes Adi Putra, and Irna Nurhayati. "Analisis Permohonan Pendaftaran Merek Secara Internasional Bagi UMKM Setelah Diterbitkan Peraturan Presiden No. 92 Tahun 2017 Tentang Ratifikasi Protokol Madrid." JIPRO : Journal of Intellectual Property 2, no. 2 (2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jipro.vol2.iss2.art1.

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This research aims to analyze the barriers to the application of international trademark registration for MSME after the issuance of Presidential Regulation No. 92 of 2017 concerning Ratification of Madrid Protocols. Another purpose of this research is to find out the government's efforts in facing obstacles to international brand registration applications for MSMEs.This research is a normative legal research using primary data and secondary data. Primary data was collected through interviews with the guidelines of the interview, while secondary data obtained through the method of documentation with a study of the documentation and data analysis done qualitatively.The results of this study are: First, there are obstacles to the application of international trademark registration for MSMEs after the issuance of Presidential Regulation No. 92 of 2017 concerning the Ratification of the Madrid Protocol because of the lack of interest and insight of MSMEs on international trademark registration applications, general regulations, language difficulties, and the cost of expensive brand registration applications. Second, the efforts made by the government to face obstacles for MSMEs are by making rules for reducing the cost of applying for basic brand registration, the existence of a special team of the Madrid Protocol and increasing socialization of brands and applications for trademark registration using the Madrid Protocol.
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Lonsway, Kimberly A., Susan Welch, and Louise F. Fitzgerald. "Police Training in Sexual Assault Response." Criminal Justice and Behavior 28, no. 6 (2001): 695–730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009385480102800602.

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This study evaluates an experimental training program at a Midwestern police academy. In Study 1, one class of police recruits participated in a typical training protocol, and two classes attended the experimental program. Outcomes were compared with quantitative measures and qualitative analysis of performance in a simulated sexual assault interview. In Study 2, outcomes were assessed (a) before the experimental program, (b) after classroom instruction but before a simulated interview, (c) after classroom instruction and a simulated interview, and (d) after classroom instruction and two simulated interviews. Results suggest that specialized training is effective in improving behavioral performance but not cognitive or attitudinal outcomes. The conclusions highlight the importance of behaviorally focused training and evaluation.
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Zulfa, Siti Zakiah, and Asri Hidayat. "Kesesuaian Bidan Dalam Menerapkan Prosedur Pelayanan Persalinan Di PMB Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19." Journal of Current Health Sciences 2, no. 1 (2022): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47679/jchs.202234.

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During the Covid-19 pandemic, all health care facilities including PMB have tried to adjust delivery services to the Covid-19 health protocol. This study aimed to explore in depth the suitability of midwives in implementing delivery service procedures at PMB during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive study with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected using one on one in-depth online interviews with 10 informants using a semi-structured interview guide, then manual analysis using thematic analysis was carried out. The results of data analysis show that the use of masks, the application of hand hygiene, Covid-19 screening, and postnatal care education have been carried out by the Covid-19 health protocol. On the other side, the use of personal protective equipment, installation of delivery chambers, use of masks by patients, application of physical distancing, sampling of congenital hypothyroid screening, and self-isolation 14 days before delivery has not been fully implemented according to the Covid-19 health protocol. Intensive socialization and guidance through training activities for midwives in PMB related to delivery service guidelines during the Covid-19 pandemic are essential. Abstrak: Selama pandemi Covid-19, seluruh fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan termasuk PMB telah berupaya menyesuaikan pelayanan persalinan sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggali secara mendalam kesesuaian bidan dalam menerapkan prosedur pelayanan persalinan di PMB pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara one on one indepth interview online dengan 10 informan menggunakan panduan wawancara semi terstruktur, kemudian dilakukan analisis secara manual menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan penggunaan masker, penerapan hand hygiene, screening Covid-19, serta edukasi perawatan pasca melahirkan telah dilaksanakan sesuai protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Disisi lain, penggunaan alat pelindung diri, pemasangan delivery chamber, penggunaan masker oleh pasien, penerapan physical distancing, pengambilan sampel skrining hipotiroid kongenital dan isolasi mandiri 14 hari sebelum persalinan belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan sesuai protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Sosialisasi dan pembinaan secara intensif melalui kegiatan pelatihan kepada bidan di PMB terkait pedoman pelayanan persalinan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 sangat diperlukan.
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Azhar, Bayu, Dewi Elizadiani Suza, and Yesi Ariani. "PENGEMBANGAN PROTOKOL PENGKAJIAN SIRKULASI KAKI PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS." Jurnal Perawat Indonesia 3, no. 2 (2019): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.32584/jpi.v3i2.319.

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Kaki diabetik merupakan komplikasi akibat gangguan sirkulasi dan neuropati. Pasien diabetes melitus memiliki resiko mengalami gangguan penyakit arteri perifer merupakan komplikasi makrovaskuler dan mikrovaskuler mengakibatkan terganggunya sirkulasi pembuluh darah. Diagnostik awal dapat melakukan pemeriksaan pengkajian sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes. Tujuan penelitian yaitu pengembangan protokol pengkajian sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes mellitus. Desain penelitian menggunakan action reseach yang dilakukan satu siklus di Rumah Sakit Umum Mitra Medika Tanjung Mulia Medan, dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian in-depth interview, focus grup discussion, kuesioner pengetahuan perawat tentang pengkajian sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes melitus. Partisipan terdiri dari 45 perawat ruangan. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan 4 tema: 1) Strategi penerapan protokol pengkajian sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes melitus, 2) Manfaat dalam penerapan protokol pengkajian sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes melitus, 3) Hambatan dalam penerapan protokol pengkajian sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes melitus, dan 4) Teknik dan penerapan protokol pengkajian sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes melitus. Hasil analisis kuantitatif tingkat pengetahuan perawat sebelum kegiatan penelitian 86,66%, dan meningkat menjadi 100% setelah kegiatan penelitian. Direkomendasikan pelaksanaan pengkajian sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes melitus sesuai standar prosedur sehingga dapat mengidentifikasi sirkulasi kaki pasien diabetes melitus, memperbaiki kualitas pelayanan keperawatan, meningkatkan kompetensi perawat. Kata kunci: Protokol, pengkajian sirkulasi kaki, diabetes melitus Abstract Development of protocol assessment of feet circulation in diabetes melitus patients. Diabetic foot is complication caused by circulation disorder and neuropathy in patients who have the risk for peripheral artery disease which is the complication of macro-vascular and micro-vascular which can eventually cause the incidence of circulation disorder in blood vessels. Initial diagnostic can be done to prevent peripheral artery disease by using circulation studying examination on the feet of diabetic patients. Therefore, it’s necessary to develop studying protocol of foot circulation in diabetes mellitus patients at Mitra Medika Hospital, Medan. The research instrument was interviews, in-depth interviews, guidance for focus group discussion, self-report of nurses’ knowledge of studying on foot circulation diabetic patients. Participants from 45 nurse practitioners, taken by using purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative data were analyzed by using content analysis while quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistic test. The result of the research showed that 4 themes: 1) strategy of implementing studying protocol of foot circulation diabetes mellitus patients, 2) the benefit of studying protocol of foot circulation diabetes mellitus patients, 3) obstacles in studying protocol of foot circulation diabetes mellitus patients, and 4) technique and implementation of studying protocol of foot circulation diabetes mellitus patients. The result of quantitative analysis showed that nurses’ knowledge in pre-research of was 86.66% and increased to 100% in post research activity. The output of this research result was the standard of studying foot circulation diabetes mellitus patients. It’s recommended the implementation of studying foot circulation accordance with the standard of procedure so that it can identify diabetes mellitus patients’ foot circulation, nursing care quality should be improved, and nurses’ competence should be increased. Keywords: protocol, assessment of foot circulation, diabetes mellitus
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Antonellis, Paul James, and Danielle Flam. "Phoning it in? Examining Pre-Employment Phone Interview Procedure in Higher Education." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 6, no. 1 (2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v6i1.8982.

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In the United States, the employment screening process for hiring full-time faculty in higher education involves the vetting of curricula vitae, phone interview(s), and/or campus visits (Cardeiro, 2010; Shively, Woodward, & Stanly, 1999). The purpose of this research was to examine the phone interview procedure at one institute of higher education, and from there, formulate a systematic phone interviewing procedure that could be put to use at this particular university. After conducting a review of relevant literature, the researchers engaged in action research that utilized qualitative data of 10 participants who took part in the pre-interview, professional development intervention, and the post-interviews for this research project. The action research protocol involved identifying the problem to bring about a positive organizational change, selecting the needed change, implementing the proposed change, and evaluating the results of the change. Upon completion of which, three emerging themes from the collected data were determined: a) phone interview procedure and structure, b) assessment and screening procedures, c) organizational fit. This research proves to be significant because it expands the current knowledge on the topic of conducting employment phone interviews in higher education for tenure track faculty. How higher educational institution conduct faculty screening is often considered a trade secrete, resulting in other institutions unwillingness to provide information on how they conducting faculty screening (Trower, 2012). By sharing this protocol with the field, places of higher learning can begin to assess and measure their own hiring procedures, and correct practices that may be flawed, inequitable, or possibly illegal.
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Kaurivi, Y., Richard Laven, Rebecca Hickson, Kevin Stafford, and Tim Parkinson. "Identification of Suitable Animal Welfare Assessment Measures for Extensive Beef Systems in New Zealand." Agriculture 9, no. 3 (2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9030066.

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Farm animal welfare assessment protocols use different measures depending on production systems and the purpose of the assessment. There is no standardized validated animal welfare protocol for the assessment of beef cattle farms in New Zealand, despite the importance of beef exports to the country. The aim of this study was therefore to identify welfare measures that would be suitable for an animal welfare assessment protocol for use in extensive pasture-based cow–calf beef cattle systems in New Zealand. The proposed animal welfare assessment measures were selected from the Welfare Quality protocol and the rangeland-based UC Davis Cow–Calf Health and Handling assessment protocol. Measures that were deemed impractical and/or unsuitable were excluded from the protocol. After testing the applicability of selected measures at one farm, additional measures that were deemed to be practical to undertake in New Zealand were identified and incorporated into the protocol. The intention was to identify animal welfare indicators that were assessable in the yard during a single farm visit, a questionnaire guided interview, and a farm resource assessment visit that evaluated cattle health and management. Further testing of the 50 measures that were identified as being appropriate will be undertaken on commercial beef farms to develop a practicable welfare protocol for extensive pasture-based beef systems.
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