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Journal articles on the topic 'Intestines, parasitology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Vidal, Jorge E., Bruce A. McClane, Juliann Saputo, Jaquelyn Parker, and Francisco A. Uzal. "Effects of Clostridium perfringens Beta-Toxin on the Rabbit Small Intestine and Colon." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 10 (2008): 4396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00547-08.

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ABSTRACT Clostridium perfringens type B and type C isolates, which produce beta-toxin (CPB), cause fatal diseases originating in the intestines of humans or livestock. Our previous studies demonstrated that CPB is necessary for type C isolate CN3685 to cause bloody necrotic enteritis in a rabbit ileal loop model and also showed that purified CPB, in the presence of trypsin inhibitor (TI), can reproduce type C pathology in rabbit ileal loops. We report here a more complete characterization of the effects of purified CPB in the rabbit small and large intestines. One microgram of purified CPB, in

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Umesaki, Yoshinori, Hiromi Setoyama, Satoshi Matsumoto, Akemi Imaoka, and Kikuji Itoh. "Differential Roles of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria and Clostridia in Development of the Intestinal Immune System." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 7 (1999): 3504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.7.3504-3511.1999.

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ABSTRACT The presence of microflora in the digestive tract promotes the development of the intestinal immune system. In this study, to evaluate the roles of two types of indigenous microbe, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) and clostridia, whose habitats are the small and large intestines, respectively, in this immunological development, we analyzed three kinds of gnotobiotic mice contaminated with SFB, clostridia, and both SFB and clostridia, respectively, in comparison with germfree (GF) or conventionalized (Cvd) mice associated with specific-pathogen-free flora. In the small intestine, t

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Silva, Diogo Tiago, Maria Francisca Neves, Nina Mari Gual Pimenta de Queiroz, et al. "Correlation study and histopathological description of intestinal alterations in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 25, no. 1 (2016): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612016009.

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Abstract The aim of this work was a correlation study and histopathological description of alterations associated with the presence of Leishmania infantumamastigote in the intestinal wall of dogs infected with canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Three groups were used: G1 (n = 8), comprising naturally infected dogs with CVL with amastigotes of L. infantum in the small and large intestines; G2 (n = 9), infected dogs with CVL, without intestinal amastigotes; and G3 (n = 3), uninfected dogs. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry methods were used for histopathology and amastigotes identificati

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Gavet, M. F., and B. Fried. "Infectivity, growth, distribution and acetabular attachment of a one-hundred metacercarial cyst inoculum of Echinostoma trivolvis in ICR mice." Journal of Helminthology 68, no. 2 (1994): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00013651.

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AbstractFemale ICR mice, 6–8 weeks old, were exposed to 100 metacercarial cysts/host of Echinostoma trivolvis to determine the effects of this cyst dosage on worm infectivity, distribution, growth and acetabular attachment in the host small intestine, Of 42 exposed mice, 22 were infected 4 to 17 days postinfection (PI) with a mean worm recovery of 11 to 41%. Mean body area of worms increased from about 0.4 mm2 on day 4 PI to about 2.0 mm2 by day 9 PI. No consistent pattern of worm growth was seen beyond day 9. Distribution data showed that worms were found mainly in the anterior part of the sm

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Ogawa, Michinaga, Kensuke Shimizu, Koji Nomoto, et al. "Protective Effect of Lactobacillus casei Strain Shirota on Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coliO157:H7 Infection in Infant Rabbits." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 2 (2001): 1101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.2.1101-1108.2001.

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ABSTRACT We examined colonization patterns of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli (STEC), concentrations of Shiga toxins (Stxs) and specific immunoglobulin A (lgA) against Stxs and STEC bacterial cell surface antigen in various portions of the gastrointestinal tract in an infant rabbit infection model. After inoculation of 3-day-old infant rabbits with STEC strain 89020087 at low doses (∼103 CFU/body), numbers of colonizing STEC bacteria and concentrations of Stxs in the intestine increased dramatically and the animals developed diarrhea within a couple of days after infection. Daily adminis

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Koenigsknecht, Mark J., Casey M. Theriot, Ingrid L. Bergin, Cassie A. Schumacher, Patrick D. Schloss, and Vincent B. Young. "Dynamics and Establishment of Clostridium difficile Infection in the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract." Infection and Immunity 83, no. 3 (2014): 934–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.02768-14.

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Clostridium difficileinfection (CDI) following antibiotic therapy is a major public health threat. While antibiotic disruption of the indigenous microbiota underlies the majority of cases of CDI, the early dynamics of infection in the disturbed intestinal ecosystem are poorly characterized. This study defines the dynamics of infection withC. difficilestrain VPI 10463 throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract using a murine model of infection. After inducing susceptibility toC. difficilecolonization via antibiotic administration, we followed the dynamics of spore germination, colonization, spo

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Koudela, B., E. Nohýnková, J. Vítovec, M. Pakandl, and J. Kulda. "Giardiainfection in pigs: detection andin vitroisolation of trophozoites of theGiardia intestinalisgroup." Parasitology 102, no. 2 (1991): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000062442.

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SUMMARYGiardiainfections were detected in 14 out of 32 weaned, 1 to 2-month-old pigs, used in experiments with coccidia.Giardiatrophozoites were present in the small intestine from the duodenum to the ileum with maximum numbers in the cranial part of the upper jejunum. They were localized mainly on the surface of intestinal crypts. No histological changes accompanied the infection and the infected animals were asymptomatic.Giardiatrophozoites obtained from the intestines of necropsied pigs were isolated in axenic culture in a bile-supplemented TYI-S-33 medium. Morphological features of the tro

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Negrão-Corrêa, Deborah, Danielle G. Souza, Vanessa Pinho, Michele M. Barsante, Adriano L. S. Souza, and Mauro M. Teixeira. "Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Deficiency Delays Elimination of Adult Worms but Reduces Fecundity in Strongyloides venezuelensis-Infected Mice." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 2 (2004): 1135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.2.1135-1142.2004.

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ABSTRACT We describe the parasitological kinetics and histopathological and immunological alterations in platelet-activating factor receptor-deficient (PAFR−/−) and wild-type mice after a single Strongyloides venezuelensis infection (subcutaneous inoculation of 500 L3 larvae). There was no difference in the numbers of worms that reached and became established in the small intestines of PAFR−/− and wild-type mice. However, at 12 days after infection, significantly more worms were recovered from PAFR−/− mice. Although PAFR−/− infected mice showed a delay in elimination of adult worms, worms esta

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Yeh, Hui-Yuan, Chieh-fu Jeff Cheng, ChingJung Huang, Xiaoya Zhan, Weng Kin Wong, and Piers D. Mitchell. "Discovery of Eurytrema Eggs in Sediment from a Colonial Period Latrine in Taiwan." Korean Journal of Parasitology 57, no. 6 (2019): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.595.

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In this study we take a closer look at the diseases that afflicted Japanese police officers who were stationed in a remote mountainous region of Taiwan from 1921 to 1944. Samples were taken from the latrine at the Huabanuo police outpost, and analyzed for the eggs of intestinal parasites, using microscopy and ELISA. The eggs of <i>Eurytrema</i> sp., (possibly <i>E</i>. <i>pancreaticum</i>), whipworm and roundworm were shown to be present. True infection with <i>Eurytrema</i> would indicate that the policemen ate uncooked grasshoppers and crickets

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Matsubayashi, Makoto, Moemi Kinoshita, Atsushi Kobayashi, et al. "Parasitic development in intestines and oocyst shedding patterns for infection by Eimeria uekii and Eimeria raichoi in Japanese rock ptarmigans, Lagopus muta japonica, protected by cages in the Southern Japanese Alps." International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 12 (August 31, 2020): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.04.002.

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Matsubayashi, Makoto, Kinoshita, Moemi, Kobayashi, Atsushi, Tsuchida, Sayaka, Shibahara, Tomoyuki, Hasegawa, Masami, Nakamura, Hiroshi, Sasai, Kazumi, Ushida, Kazunari (2020): Parasitic development in intestines and oocyst shedding patterns for infection by Eimeria uekii and Eimeria raichoi in Japanese rock ptarmigans, Lagopus muta japonica, protected by cages in the Southern Japanese Alps. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 12: 19-24, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.04.002, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.04.002

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Foster, N., M. A. Lovell, K. L. Marston, et al. "Rapid Protection of Gnotobiotic Pigs against Experimental Salmonellosis following Induction of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes by Avirulent Salmonella enterica." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 4 (2003): 2182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.4.2182-2191.2003.

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ABSTRACT Oral inoculation of 5-day-old gnotobiotic pigs with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain F98 resulted in severe enteritis and invasive disease. Preinoculation 24 h earlier with an avirulent mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (1326/28) completely prevented disease for up to 14 days (when the experiment was terminated). S. enterica serovar Infantis colonized the alimentary tract well, with high bacterial counts in the intestinal lumen but with almost no invasion into the tissues. Unprotected pigs had high S. enterica serovar Typhimurium counts in the intestines, bl

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Logsdon, Lauren K., and Joan Mecsas. "The Proinflammatory Response Induced by Wild-Type Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infection Inhibits Survival of yop Mutants in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Peyer's Patches." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 3 (2006): 1516–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.74.3.1516-1527.2006.

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ABSTRACT Single-strain infections and coinfections are frequently used to assess roles of virulence factors in infected tissues. After oral inoculation of mice, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis yopE and yopH mutants colonize the intestines and Peyer's patches in single-strain infections but fail to persist in competition with wild-type Y. pseudotuberculosis, indicating that these two infection models provide different insights into the roles of Yops. To determine how wild-type Y. pseudotuberculosis hinders yop mutant survival, yop mutant colonization and host responses were investigated in several

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Houot, Laetitia, Sarah Chang, Cedric Absalon, and Paula I. Watnick. "Vibrio cholerae Phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphotransferase System Control of Carbohydrate Transport, Biofilm Formation, and Colonization of the Germfree Mouse Intestine." Infection and Immunity 78, no. 4 (2010): 1482–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01356-09.

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ABSTRACT The bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system (PTS) is a highly conserved phosphotransfer cascade whose components modulate many cellular functions in response to carbohydrate availability. Here, we further elucidate PTS control of Vibrio cholerae carbohydrate transport and activation of biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. We then define the role of the PTS in V. cholerae colonization of the adult germfree mouse intestine. We report that V. cholerae colonizes both the small and large intestines of the mouse in a distribution that does not change over the course of a m

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Fox, James G., Peter L. Gorelick, Marika C. Kullberg, Zhongming Ge, Floyd E. Dewhirst, and Jerrold M. Ward. "A Novel Urease-Negative HelicobacterSpecies Associated with Colitis and Typhlitis in IL-10-Deficient Mice." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 4 (1999): 1757–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.4.1757-1762.1999.

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ABSTRACT A spiral-shaped bacterium with bipolar, single-sheathed flagella was isolated from the intestines of IL-10 (interleukin-10)-deficient (IL-10−/−) mice with inflammatory bowel disease. The organism was microaerobic, grew at 37 and 42°C, and was oxidase and catalase positive but urease negative. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and biochemical and phenotypic criteria, the organism is classified as a novel helicobacter. Cesarean section-rederived IL-10−/− mice without helicobacter infection did not have histological evidence of intestinal inflammation. However, helicobacter

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Liu, Zhenyu, Yuning Wang, Shengyan Liu, et al. "Vibrio cholerae Represses Polysaccharide Synthesis To Promote Motility in Mucosa." Infection and Immunity 83, no. 3 (2015): 1114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.02841-14.

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The viscoelastic mucus layer of gastrointestinal tracts is a host defense barrier that a successful enteric pathogen, such asVibrio cholerae, must circumvent.V. cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, is able to penetrate the mucosa and colonize the epithelial surface of the small intestine. In this study, we found that mucin, the major component of mucus, promotedV. choleraemovement on semisolid medium and in liquid medium. A genome-wide screen revealed thatVibriopolysaccharide (VPS) production was inversely correlated with mucin-enhanced motility. Mucin adhesion assays indicated that VPS b

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Kaboudi, Khaled, Sajid Umar, and Muhammad Tanveer Munir. "Prevalence of Coccidiosis in Free-Range Chicken in Sidi Thabet, Tunisia." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7075195.

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Background. Enteric diseases are an important concern to the poultry industry and coccidiosis is imposing a significant economic burden worldwide.Objectives. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of coccidiosis in free-range chicken in Sidi Thabet, northeast Tunisia.Methods. Six hundred and thirty free-range chickens along with fecal samples were collected from 15 flocks in this region and two hundred chickens were found positive for oocysts ofEimeriaspp. Intestines were dissected and examined for macroscopic lesions. The mucosa of small intestine and the caeca w

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Nagamine, Claude M., Jane J. Sohn, Barry H. Rickman, Arlin B. Rogers, James G. Fox, and David B. Schauer. "Helicobacter hepaticus Infection Promotes Colon Tumorigenesis in the BALB/c-Rag2−/−ApcMin/+ Mouse." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 6 (2008): 2758–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01604-07.

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ABSTRACT Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations are linked to human and mouse colorectal cancers. The Apc multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mouse mutation causes adenomas to develop throughout the small and large intestines. The BALB-Min (C.B6-Apc Min/+) congenic strain was generated by backcrossing into BALB/c the Apc Min allele from C57BL/6J-Apc Min/+ mice. BALB-Min mice have a low tumor multiplicity (27.4 small intestine tumors/mouse) and a relatively long life span (>1 year) that makes them amenable to long-term studies. To investigate the interplay of the adaptive immune system a

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Jiang, Han-Qing, Nicolaas A. Bos, and John J. Cebra. "Timing, Localization, and Persistence of Colonization by Segmented Filamentous Bacteria in the Neonatal Mouse Gut Depend on Immune Status of Mothers and Pups." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 6 (2001): 3611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.6.3611-3617.2001.

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ABSTRACT As a member of the indigenous gut mucosal microbiota, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) colonize the guts of a variety of vertebrates and invertebrates. They are potent microbial stimuli of the gut mucosal immune system. In the small intestines of mice and rats, it has been observed that SFB are absent during the suckling period and appear in high numbers shortly after weaning, then quickly retreat to the cecum and large intestine. In this study, we explored whether this microecological phenomenon resulted from the interaction between SFB and the passively acquired maternal mucosal

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Martinez-Jéhanne, Vanessa, Laurence du Merle, Christine Bernier-Fébreau, et al. "Role of Deoxyribose Catabolism in Colonization of the Murine Intestine by Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 4 (2009): 1442–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01039-08.

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ABSTRACT We previously suggested that the ability to metabolize deoxyribose, a phenotype encoded by the deoK operon, is associated with the pathogenic potential of Escherichia coli strains. Carbohydrate metabolism is thought to provide the nutritional support required for E. coli to colonize the intestine. We therefore investigated the role of deoxyribose catabolism in the colonization of the gut, which acts as a reservoir, by pathogenic E. coli strains. Molecular and biochemical characterization of 1,221 E. coli clones from various collections showed this biochemical trait to be common in the

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Shimono, Y., S. Taharaguchi, K. Taira, N. Miyoshi, and N. Yasuda. "rDNA ITS sequences of Uncinaria spp. from Tsushima leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilura)." Helminthologia 49, no. 3 (2012): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-012-0026-x.

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AbstractUncinaria spp. parasites were collected from two Tsushima leopard cats found on Tsushima Island, Nagasaki prefecture, Japan. One Uncinaria sp. was observed in the large intestines, and the other was observed in the small intestines. The nematode found in the large intestines was determined to be Uncinaria felidis by morphological identification. The other Uncinaria sp. found in the small intestines was morphologically different from U. felidis in the short-length of prevulvar flap. After isolation of genomic DNA of these worms, a second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal D

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Stecher, Bärbel, Andrew J. Macpherson, Siegfried Hapfelmeier, Marcus Kremer, Thomas Stallmach, and Wolf-Dietrich Hardt. "Comparison of Salmonellaenterica Serovar Typhimurium Colitis in Germfree Mice and Mice Pretreated with Streptomycin." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 6 (2005): 3228–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.6.3228-3241.2005.

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ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica subspecies 1 serovar Typhimurium is a common cause of bacterial enterocolitis. Mice are generally protected from Salmonella serovar Typhimurium colonization and enterocolitis by their resident intestinal microflora. This phenomenon is called “colonization resistance” (CR). Two murine Salmonella serovar Typhimurium infection models are based on the neutralization of CR: (i) in specific-pathogen-free mice pretreated with streptomycin (StrSPF mice) antibiotics disrupt the intestinal microflora; and (ii) germfree (GF) mice are raised without any intestinal microflora,

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Lawley, Trevor D., Simon Clare, Alan W. Walker, et al. "Antibiotic Treatment of Clostridium difficile Carrier Mice Triggers a Supershedder State, Spore-Mediated Transmission, and Severe Disease in Immunocompromised Hosts." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 9 (2009): 3661–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00558-09.

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ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile persists in hospitals by exploiting an infection cycle that is dependent on humans shedding highly resistant and infectious spores. Here we show that human virulent C. difficile can asymptomatically colonize the intestines of immunocompetent mice, establishing a carrier state that persists for many months. C. difficile carrier mice consistently shed low levels of spores but, surprisingly, do not transmit infection to cohabiting mice. However, antibiotic treatment of carriers triggers a highly contagious supershedder state, characterized by a dramatic reduction in

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Al-Hasawi, Zaki M. "Environmental Parasitology: intestinal helminth parasites of the siganid fish Siganus rivulatus as bioindicators for trace metal pollution in the Red Sea." Parasite 26 (2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2019014.

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Studies on host-parasite systems as bioindicators for monitoring trace metal pollution in marine environments are still scarce. Here, 11, 14 and 17 infrapopulations of Gyliauchen volubilis (Trematoda: Digenea), Procamallanus elatensis (Nematoda) and Sclerocollum rubrimaris (Acanthocephala), respectively, were collected from the fish Siganus rivulatus (Siganidae) in the Red Sea, from a chronically polluted small bay at Sharm El-Sheikh, South Sinai, Egypt. Water and sediment samples from the bay, tissue samples (intestines, liver, and muscle) from each fish, and samples from each parasite were t

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Externest, Dörthe, Barbara Meckelein, M. Alexander Schmidt, and Andreas Frey. "Correlations between Antibody Immune Responses at Different Mucosal Effector Sites Are Controlled by Antigen Type and Dosage." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 7 (2000): 3830–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.7.3830-3839.2000.

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ABSTRACT Monitoring specific secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses in the intestines after mucosal immunization or infection is impeded by the fact that sampling of small intestinal secretions requires invasive methods not feasible for routine diagnostics. Since IgA plasma cells generated after intragastric immunization are known to populate remote mucosal sites as well, secretory IgA responses at other mucosal surfaces may correlate to those in the intestines and could serve as proxy measures for IgA secretion in the gut. To evaluate the practicability of this approach, mice were immuniz

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Sannasiddappa, Thippeswamy H., Graham A. Hood, Kevan J. Hanson, Adele Costabile, Glenn R. Gibson, and Simon R. Clarke. "Staphylococcus aureus MnhF Mediates Cholate Efflux and Facilitates Survival under Human Colonic Conditions." Infection and Immunity 83, no. 6 (2015): 2350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00238-15.

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Resistance to the innate defenses of the intestine is crucial for the survival and carriage ofStaphylococcus aureus, a common colonizer of the human gut. Bile salts produced by the liver and secreted into the intestines are one such group of molecules with potent antimicrobial activity. The mechanisms by whichS. aureusis able to resist such defenses in order to colonize and survive in the human gut are unknown. Here we show thatmnhFconfers resistance to bile salts, which can be abrogated by efflux pump inhibitors. MnhF mediates the efflux of radiolabeled cholic acid both inS. aureusand when he

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Moro, P. L., J. Ballarta, R. H. Gilman, G. Leguia, M. Rojas, and G. Montes. "Intestinal parasites of the grey fox (Pseudalopex culpaeus) in the central Peruvian Andes." Journal of Helminthology 72, no. 1 (1998): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00001048.

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AbstractThe intestines of 20 grey Peruvian foxes (Pseudalopex culpaeus) were examined for the presence of Echinococcus granulosus and other intestinal parasites. Echinococcus granulosus was not found in foxes but Taenia hydatigena and T. multiceps were found in 7 and 4 animals respectively. The grey fox may not be a suitable definitive host for E. granulosus. However, it may act as a sylvatic reservoir of T. hydatigena and T. multiceps in the central Peruvian Andes.

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Sharma, V. K., R. E. Sacco, R. A. Kunkle, S. M. D. Bearson, and D. E. Palmquist. "Correlating Levels of Type III Secretion and Secreted Proteins with Fecal Shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Cattle." Infection and Immunity 80, no. 4 (2012): 1333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.05869-11.

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ABSTRACTThe locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) ofEscherichia coliO157:H7 (O157) encodes a type III secretion system (T3SS) for secreting LEE-encoded and non-LEE-encoded virulence proteins that promote the adherence of O157 to intestinal epithelial cells and the persistence of this food-borne human pathogen in bovine intestines. In this study, we comparedhha sepBandhhamutants of O157 for LEE transcription, T3SS activity, adherence to HEp-2 cells, persistence in bovine intestines, and the ability to induce changes in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. LEE transcription was upregulate

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Fujino, T., and B. Fried. "Echinostoma caproni and E. trivolvis alter the binding of glycoconjugates in the intestinal mucosa of C3H mice as determined by lectin histochemistry." Journal of Helminthology 67, no. 3 (1993): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00013110.

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AbstractMouse (C3H) mucosal glycoconjugates were examined in normal small intestines and intestines infected with Echinostoma caproni, or E. trivolvis using six different fluorescein-conjugated lectins: Triticum, vulgaris agglutinin (WGA), Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I), Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA-I). Glycine max soybean agglutinin (SBA), Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), and Arachis hypogaeu peanut agglutinin (PNA). The expression of lectin-binding sites and the intensity of the binding of lectins in the mouse small intestines were changed by infection with the echinostomes. Sp

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Štrkolcová, Gabriela, Mária Goldová, Viliam Šnábel, et al. "A frequent roundworm Baylisascaris transfuga in overpopulated brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Slovakia: a problem worthy of attention." Acta Parasitologica 63, no. 1 (2018): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ap-2018-0019.

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Abstract The genus Baylisascaris (order Ascaridida) includes numerous relatively host-specific nematodes, which are common in intestines of wild mammals. Some of them may have impact on veterinary and public health, as their larvae have the potential to cause visceral, ocular, and/or neural larva migrans in a wide range of mammals, birds, and humans. Baylisascaris transfuga is a parasite occurring in a range of bear species throughout the world. We present the current data on B. transfuga occurrence in brown bears from a relatively restricted territory of the Poľana Protected Landscape Area in

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DEZFULI, B. S., A. LUI, G. GIOVINAZZO, P. BOLDRINI, and L. GIARI. "Intestinal inflammatory response of powan Coregonus lavaretus (Pisces) to the presence of acanthocephalan infections." Parasitology 136, no. 8 (2009): 929–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182009006295.

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SUMMARYImmunopathological and ultrastructural studies were carried out on the gut of 30 specimens of powan Coregonus lavaretus (L.) from Lake Piediluco, Italy. The digestive tracts of 10 (33·3%) of the powan were found to harbour an acanthocephalan Dentitruncus truttae (Sinzar 1955). The numerous trunk spines of D. truttae reduced the number of mucosal folds near the parasite site of infection. The acanthocephalan induced hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the intestinal mucous cells and many worms were surrounded with an adherent mucous gel. Near the site of acanthocephalan attachment, the number

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ESTENSORO, ITZIAR, IVÁN MULERO, MARÍA J. REDONDO, PILAR ÁLVAREZ-PELLITERO, VICTORIANO MULERO, and ARIADNA SITJÀ-BOBADILLA. "Modulation of leukocytic populations of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) by the intestinal parasite Enteromyxum leei (Myxozoa: Myxosporea)." Parasitology 141, no. 3 (2013): 425–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182013001789.

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SUMMARYThe cellular mucosal and systemic effectors of gilthead sea bream (GSB) (Sparus aurata) involved in the acute immune response to the intestinal parasite Enteromyxum leei were studied in fish experimentally infected by the anal route. In the intestinal inflammatory infiltrates and in lymphohaematopoietic organs (head kidney and spleen) of parasitized fish, the number of plasma cells, B cells (IgM immunoreactive) and mast cells (histamine immunoreactive) were significantly higher, whereas the number of acidophilic granulocytes (G7 immunoreactive) decreased, compared with non-parasitized a

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Wojtkowiak-Giera, Agnieszka, Elzbieta Wandurska-Nowak, Michal Michalak, Monika Derda, and Jadwiga Lopaciuch. "Trichinellosis in mice: effect of albendazole on the glutathione transferase in the intestines." Folia Parasitologica 59, no. 4 (2012): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14411/fp.2012.044.

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Roddie, G., C. Holland, P. Stafford, and A. Wolfe. "Contamination of fox hair with eggs ofToxocara canis." Journal of Helminthology 82, no. 4 (2008): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x08996954.

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AbstractEighty-seven red foxes were investigated for the presence ofToxocaraeggs on a sample of their hair from the peri-anal region. The worm burden ofToxocarain each fox intestine was also assessed and the relationship between eggs on the hair and worms in the intestine explored. Twenty-eight per cent of the foxes were found to haveToxocaraeggs on their hair, with an average of 1.31 ± 3.21 eggs per gram of hair ( ± SD). Sixty-one per cent of foxes harbouredToxocaraworms within their intestines, with a mean worm burden ( ± SD) of 4 ± 8. Host age and sex did not significantly influence the obs

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Dubey, J. P., and S. Almeria. "Cystoisospora belli infections in humans: the past 100 years." Parasitology 146, no. 12 (2019): 1490–527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182019000957.

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AbstractCystoisospora belli is a coccidian parasite of humans, with a direct fecal–oral transmission cycle. It is globally distributed, but mainly found in tropical and subtropical areas. Many cases of C. belli infections have been reported in patients with HIV, and in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy for organ transplants or those treated for tumours worldwide. Unsporulated or partially sporulated oocysts of C. belli are excreted in feces. When sporulated oocysts in contaminated water or food are ingested, asexual and sexual stages of C. belli are confined to the epithelium of in

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Bursey, Charles R., Stephen R. Goldberg, and L. Lee Grismer. "A new species of Aplectana (Nematoda, Cosmocercidae) in Goniurosaurus bawanglingensis (Squamata, Eublepharidae), from Hainan Province, China." Acta Parasitologica 63, no. 1 (2018): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ap-2018-0022.

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Abstract Aplectana hainanensis sp. nov. (Ascaridida, Cosmocercidae) from the intestines of Goniurosaurus bawanglingensis (Squamata, Eublepharidae) is described and illustrated. Aplectana hainanensis sp. nov. represents the 52nd species assigned to the genus and the 5th species reported from the Sino-Japanese region. It is easily separated from the 4 species previously reported from the region by the distribution pattern of male caudal papillae: A. macintoshii has an irregular pattern; A. hylae has no precloacal papillae; A. fujianae has 1 pair of precloacal papillae; A paucipapillosa has 3 pai

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Castellanos-Gonzalez, Alejandro, Miguel M. Cabada, Joan Nichols, Guillermo Gomez, and A. Clinton White. "Human Primary Intestinal Epithelial Cells as an ImprovedIn VitroModel for Cryptosporidium parvum Infection." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 6 (2013): 1996–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01131-12.

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ABSTRACTThe study of human intestinal pathogens has been limited by the lack of methods for the long-term culture of primary human intestinal epithelial cells (PECs). The development of infection models with PECs would allow a better understanding of host-parasite interactions. The objective of this study was to develop a novel method for prolongedin vitrocultivation of PECs that can be used to studyCryptosporidiuminfection. We isolated intact crypts from human intestines removed during weight loss surgery. The fragments of intestinal layers were cultivated with culture medium supplemented wit

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Buret, Andre, Merle E. Olson, D. Grant Gall, and James A. Hardin. "Effects of Orally Administered Epidermal Growth Factor on Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in Rabbits." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 10 (1998): 4917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.10.4917-4923.1998.

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ABSTRACT The increased intestinal absorption induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) is associated with diffuse lengthening of brush border microvilli. The aim of this study was to examine the in vivo effects of oral administration of EGF during infection with enteropathogenicEscherichia coli. New Zealand White rabbits (4 weeks old) received orogastric EGF daily starting 3 days prior to infection with enteropathogenic E. coli RDEC-1 and were compared with sham-treated infected animals and uninfected controls. Weight gain, food intake, fecal E. coli, and stool consistency were assessed daily.

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Batra, S., J. K. Srivastrava, S. Gupta, J. C. Katiyar, and V. M. L. Srivastava. "Role of reactive oxygen species in expulsion of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis from rats." Parasitology 106, no. 2 (1993): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000074989.

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SUMMARYTo understand the mechanism for the expulsion of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis from rats, age-dependent variations in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species in the parasite and the host intestines were examined. N. brasiliensis showed an age-dependent increase in its susceptibility to xanthine-xanthine oxidase and t−butyl hydroperoxide generated oxidants as well as to H2O2. Protection obtained with several scavengers suggested that the worms were damaged by the combined action of oxidants generated by the in vitro systems employed. The level of superoxide dismutase in the nematode and

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Schinner, Silvia A. C., Matthew E. Mokszycki, Jimmy Adediran, Mary Leatham-Jensen, Tyrrell Conway, and Paul S. Cohen. "Escherichia coli EDL933 Requires Gluconeogenic Nutrients To Successfully Colonize the Intestines of Streptomycin-Treated Mice Precolonized with E. coli Nissle 1917." Infection and Immunity 83, no. 5 (2015): 1983–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.02943-14.

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Escherichia coliMG1655, a K-12 strain, uses glycolytic nutrients exclusively to colonize the intestines of streptomycin-treated mice when it is the onlyE. colistrain present or when it is confronted withE. coliEDL933, an O157:H7 strain. In contrast,E. coliEDL933 uses glycolytic nutrients exclusively when it is the onlyE. colistrain in the intestine but switches in part to gluconeogenic nutrients when it colonizes mice precolonized withE. coliMG1655 (R. L. Miranda et al., Infect Immun 72:1666–1676, 2004,http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.72.3.1666-1676.2004). Recently, J. W. Njoroge et al. (mBio 3:e

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Yason, John Anthony, Sitara Swarna Rao Ajjampur, and Kevin Shyong Wei Tan. "Blastocystis Isolate B Exhibits Multiple Modes of Resistance against Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37." Infection and Immunity 84, no. 8 (2016): 2220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00339-16.

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Blastocystisis one of the most common eukaryotic organisms found in humans and many types of animals. Several reports have identified its role in gastrointestinal disorders, although its pathogenicity is yet to be clarified.Blastocystisis transmitted via the fecal-to-oral route and colonizes the large intestines. Epithelial cells lining the intestine secrete antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including beta-defensins and cathelicidin, as a response to infection. This study explores the effects of host colonic antimicrobial peptides, particularly LL-37, a fragment of cathelicidin, on differentBlast

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Mammadova, Nilufar. "Сlinical-Epidemiological, Immunological, Microbiological Aspects and Prevalence of Blastocystosis among the Population in the Republic of Azerbaijan". Astana Medical Journal 4, № 119 (2023): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54500/2790-1203-2023-4-119-4-9.

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Blastocystis hominis is currently one of the most common parasites found in human feces - up to 10% of the population in the developed countries and approximately 50-60% of cases are found particularly in the developing countries. Nevertheless blastocystosis is one of the least studied infectious diseases among intestinal protozoans in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The aim of this study was to assess morbidity of blastocystosis, to determine its clinical picture, its role in the immune system and in the intestinal microflora. Methods. This study involved a total of 8002 patients who applied to t

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Tindall, N. R., and P. A. G. Wilson. "A basis to extend the proof of migration routes of immature parasites inside hosts: estimated time of arrival of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Strongyloides ratti in the gut of the rat." Parasitology 100, no. 2 (1990): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000061278.

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SUMMARYThe time taken for larvae of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and a homogonic strain of Strongyloides ratti to complete their migration from the skin surface to the small intestine of the rat was estimated by a new method in which a mirror image of arrival times was created by counting mature parasites at day 8 (N. brasiliensis) or day 5 (S. ratti) in the intestines of rats that had received a single pulse of morantel tartrate by stomach tube at different times starting 10 h after skin application of exact doses of infective larvae. It was confirmed that the effect of the drug was confined

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Manohar, Muniraj, Donald O. Baumann, Nicolaas A. Bos, and John J. Cebra. "Gut Colonization of Mice withactA-Negative Mutant of Listeria monocytogenesCan Stimulate a Humoral Mucosal Immune Response." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 6 (2001): 3542–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.6.3542-3549.2001.

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ABSTRACT We used Listeria monocytogenes, a gram-positive, facultative intracellular bacterium, to study the gut mucosal immune responses following oral infection. We employed a germfree (GF) mouse model to try to accentuate the development of a humoral mucosal immune response in the gut, and we used oral colonization with one of the mutants, actA-negative (ΔactA) L. monocytogenes, to restrict infection largely to the gut. The ΔactA mutant was able to colonize the intestinal mucosa of formerly GF mice for long periods of time without causing disease while eliciting secretory immunoglobulin A (I

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van Diemen, Pauline M., Francis Dziva, Mark P. Stevens, and Timothy S. Wallis. "Identification of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O26:H− Genes Required for Intestinal Colonization in Calves." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 3 (2005): 1735–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.3.1735-1743.2005.

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ABSTRACT Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infections in humans are an important public health problem and are commonly acquired via contact with ruminant feces. The serogroups that are predominantly associated with human infection in the United States and Europe are O157 and O26. Serotypes O157:H7 and O26:H− differ in their virulence and tissue tropism in calves and therefore may colonize calves by distinct mechanisms. The mechanisms underlying EHEC intestinal colonization and pathogenesis are poorly understood. Signature-tagged mutagenesis was used to identify 59 genes of EHEC O26:H−

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Hamilton, M. Kristina, Elena S. Wall, Catherine D. Robinson, Karen Guillemin, and Judith S. Eisen. "Enteric nervous system modulation of luminal pH modifies the microbial environment to promote intestinal health." PLOS Pathogens 18, no. 2 (2022): e1009989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009989.

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The enteric nervous system (ENS) controls many aspects of intestinal homeostasis, including parameters that shape the habitat of microbial residents. Previously we showed that zebrafish lacking an ENS, due to deficiency of the sox10 gene, develop intestinal inflammation and bacterial dysbiosis, with an expansion of proinflammatory Vibrio strains. To understand the primary defects resulting in dysbiosis in sox10 mutants, we investigated how the ENS shapes the intestinal environment in the absence of microbiota and associated inflammatory responses. We found that intestinal transit, intestinal p

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Tolliver, S. C., E. T. Lyons, M. K. Nielsen, and J. L. Bellaw. "Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horse foals born in 2013 in the same pasture on a farm in Central Kentucky." Helminthologia 52, no. 3 (2015): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helmin-2015-0035.

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Abstract The present research is a continuation of studies conducted periodically over 40 years on transmission of natural infections of internal parasites in the same horse herd on pasture (Field 10) on a farm in Central Kentucky. It included 12 mixed light horse foals born in 2013 and euthanatized between July, 2013 and April, 2014 for collection of internal parasites. Parasites found: Gasterophilus intestinalis, Strongyloides westeri, Parascaris equorum, Anoplocephala perfoliata, small strongyles (cyathostomes), Strongylus vulgaris, Strongylus edentatus and Thelazia lacrymalis. Prevalence g

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Carter, K. Christine, and P. A. G. Wilson. "The course of infection in rats given small primary doses of Strongyloides ratti and S. venezuelensis." Journal of Helminthology 63, no. 2 (1989): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00008853.

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ABSTRACTDevelopment of exact doses (<100) of Strongyloides venezuelensis third-stage larvae in adult Wistar rats was insignificant (mean proportion of 0·076 of the dose at day 8, n = 16) compared with a homogonic strain of S. ratti (0·538, n = 6; 0·726, n = 6) and heterogonic S. ratti (0·681, n = 6). Newly-weaned Wistars allowed development of a mean proportion of S. venezuelensis of 0·298 (n = 4) compared with 0·013 (n = 4) of the same sample of larvae in adult hosts. Experiments with 75Se-labelled larvae established that S. venezuelensis effectively failed to migrate from skin to intestin

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Yamamoto, T., and T. Yokota. "Adherence targets of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in human small intestines." Infection and Immunity 57, no. 8 (1989): 2410–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.57.8.2410-2419.1989.

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Daly, Christine M., Graham Mayrhofer, and Lindsay A. Dent. "Trapping and Immobilization ofNippostrongylus brasiliensis Larvae at the Site of Inoculation in Primary Infections of Interleukin-5 Transgenic Mice." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 10 (1999): 5315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.10.5315-5323.1999.

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ABSTRACT Interleukin-5 (IL-5) transgenic mice are highly resistant to primary infections with the intestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis; few parasites are found in the intestines of infected animals, and egg production is minimal. While adult worms may be damaged in the intestine, larval migration, development, and viability may also be impaired in other tissues. This study addresses the migration of N. brasiliensis larvae through the skin and lungs and associated cellular responses in primary infections of IL-5 transgenic mice. Although some larvae may have been trapped and killed

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McGonigle, Sharon, Elizabeth R. Yoho, and Eric R. James. "Immunisation of mice with fractions derived from the intestines of Dirofilaria immitis." International Journal for Parasitology 31, no. 13 (2001): 1459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7519(01)00272-7.

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