Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Intonation (Phonetics)'
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Lowry, Orla Mary. "Belfast intonation : testing the ToBI framework of intonational analysis." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370089.
Full textAsu, Eva Liina. "The phonetics and phonology of Estonian intonation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284035.
Full textTaff, Alice. "Phonetics and phonology of Unangan (Eastern Aleut) intonation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8367.
Full textTang, Katrina Elizabeth. "The phonology and phonetics of consonant-tone interaction." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1666396531&sid=13&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textMa, Ka-yin Joan. "The interaction between intonation and tone in Cantonese." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38942227.
Full textMa, Ka-yin Joan, and 馬嘉賢. "The interaction between intonation and tone in Cantonese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38942227.
Full textGarrido, Almiñana Juan María. "Modelling Spanish Intonation for Text-to-Speech Applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4885.
Full textBarto, Karen Anne. "Mandarin Speakers' Intonation in their L2 English." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347161.
Full textTsay, Suhchuan Jane, and Suhchuan Jane Tsay. "Phonological pitch." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186900.
Full textPark, Micah William. "Teaching Intonation Patterns through Reading Aloud." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/267.
Full textLo, Lap-yan, and 盧立仁. "Tonal perception and its implication for linguistic relativity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39848978.
Full textJackson, Helen Mary. "The role of temporal fine structure in pitch and speech perception." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608187.
Full textEda, Sanae. "Processing of intonation patterns in Japanese implications for Japanese as a foreign language /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086187589.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 164 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Mari Noda, Dept. of East Asian Languages and Literatures. Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-164).
Lam, Ngo-shan Alision, and 林傲山. "Implicit learning of tonal rules in Thai as a second language." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47869963.
Full textpublished_or_final_version
English
Master
Master of Philosophy
Campos, Luana Caroline Pereira 1986. "Radialista : análise acústica da variação entoacional na fala profissional e na fala coloquial." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271140.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a diferença entre a fala coloquial e a fala profissional do locutor de rádio, analisando, em um primeiro momento, sua entoação através dos parâmetros de gama tonal, valor absoluto de frequência fundamental (f0), forma melódica do foco e alinhamento tonal. O sujeito da pesquisa foi um locutor de rádio, do sexo masculino, de 39 anos de idade, de uma emissora AM de Campinas, com um programa diário local de variedades. As gravações foram feitas em sala silenciosa, com microfone profissional, diretamente no computador através de placa de som. Os dados foram analisados acusticamente, utilizando o programa de análise acústica PRAAT (www.praat.org), focalizando a entoação por meio do correlato acústico da entoação: o parâmetro f0. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada informal (entrevista) com o locutor, solicitando-se que produzisse uma fala coloquial de diversos assuntos usualmente abordados na mídia na época da gravação. Durante a entrevista o locutor, espontaneamente, narrou um trecho de um gol do seu time, sendo esse trecho uma simulação de locução de jogo de futebol (simulação). A transcrição ortográfica por completo da entrevista foi realizada, e foram selecionados 10 trechos, que foram transcritos para formato de texto formal. De cada um dos 10 trechos selecionados foram elaboradas 5 frases no estilo de manchetes jornalísticas, sendo utilizadas as mais similares à locução radiofônica, somando um total de 29 manchetes. Após um tempo, foi solicitada ao locutor a leitura dos trechos transcritos e reescritos de forma profissional, como se estivesse atuando no rádio. Essa leitura foi realizada em taxa de elocução habitual (leitura normal), em taxa de elocução rápida (leitura rápida), e imitando o estilo profissional de narração futebolística (leitura futebol). Para validação dos estilos foi realizado um teste de percepção auditiva, a fim de verificar se o locutor foi eficiente nas tarefas solicitadas: leitura normal em comparação com a entrevista, e leitura futebol em comparação com leitura normal. A finalidade foi observar as diferenças e estratégias usadas pelos locutores para atrair a atenção dos ouvintes durante sua emissão. Após análise dos dados, concluímos que, como estratégia para diferenciar os estilos de locução, o locutor utiliza, quando a frequência fundamental (f0) é semelhante, primeiramente da variação da taxa de elocução, e em seguida a variação da duração das pausas silenciosas e da taxa de produção de proeminências. Quando a taxa de elocução é semelhante - como na leitura rápida e na leitura futebol- a estratégia utilizada pelo locutor para diferenciação do estilo de fala é, primeiramente, a variação da média de f0, assim como da duração das pausas silenciosas, e dos intervalos entre as proeminências
Abstract: The main purpose of this work is to study the prosodic differences between the colloquial and professional speech of a radio announcer by analyzing some intonational and rhythmic parameters such as tonal range, median fundamental frequency (f0), pitch accent shape and tonal alignment, as well as speech rate and pauses. The research subject was an AM radio announcer, male, 39 years old, working in an AM station in Campinas, where he has a daily program of local varieties. The recordings were made in a quiet room, with a professional microphone, directly through the computer sound card. Data were analyzed acoustically, using acoustic analysis software PRAAT (www.praat.org). Data collection was conducted through an informal semi-structured interview (interview) with the announcer, where the experimenter asked him to talk about different subjects usually covered in the media at the time of recording. During the interview, the announcer spontaneously narrated a snippet of a goal during a game of his soccer team. This part was separately analyzed as a simulation of a football game (simulation). The entire interview was orthographically transcribed and 10 excerpts were selected for analysis. These excerpts were slightly modified in order to obtain a formal text for a reading task. In each of the 10 excerpts 5 sentences were drawn in the style of journalistic headlines, from which 29 headlines most similar to real radio headlines were selected for reading as headlines. The speaker was asked to read the 10 excerpts of the transcription in a professional manner, as if he was in the radio station. This reading was performed in normal speech rate (normal reading), in fast speech rate (speed reading), and a part of it imitating the style of the narration of a soccer game (soccer game reading). For validating the different speaking styles, we conducted an auditory perception test in order to check if the speaker was efficient in producing the tasks. Listeners compared normal reading with the interview, and soccer-game style reading compared to normal reading. The purpose of the study was to observe the differences and strategies used by speakers to attract the attention of listeners during broadcasting. After analyzing the data, we conclude that, as a strategy to differentiate the styles of speech when the fundamental frequency (f0) is similar, the announcer varies speech rate, and then varies the duration of silent pauses as well as the rate of pitch accent production. When speech rate is similar in the case of rapid reading and soccer game reading, the strategy used by the announcer for distinguishing these speech styles is the variation of the median f0, as well as the variation of silent pauses duration and the pitch accent rate
Mestrado
Linguistica
Mestra em Linguística
Martins, Marcus Vinicíus Moreira. "Aspectos da percepção e do controle entoacional do Português Brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-12062013-115124/.
Full textThe aim of this study is to determine the differential treshold of pitch (DTPs) for Brazilian Portuguese, with regard to intonation. DTPs are defined as values ??from which the perception of a certain greatness becomes perceptually relevant. Consoni et (2011) determined that such values ??would be of +3 and -4 semitones for manipulated words in a sentence. Our goal is to review these values ??from the phrasal level. Our hypothesis is that the temporal extension affects perception, due to the effect tau (SHIGENO, 1986). For this purpose two experiments were applied using 13 pairs of the same sentence, spoken by a male voice unmarked. The pairs consisted of a neutral setence (with zero tone) paired with the others twelve sentences with manipulated F0 (6 semitones ascending semitones and 6 descendants, from zero), plus the zero-zero pair. The first test had only two alternatives yes and no and was named 2AFC test, while the second one had three options: yes, no and maybe and was named 3MFC. Participants were asked to answer whether or not noticed any difference between the presented pairs. The tests were applied to 16 people. The results from 3MFC test were disregarded, the 3MFC data were used as a qualitative standard for testing our hypothesis. Following, ANOVA was applied in the 2AFC test in order to determine whether there was any effect, we obtained a p < 0.001 to n = 16, Fo > Fe. To determine the differential treshold of pitch was applied principal component analysis, which returned as threshold values ??of -3 and +3 semitones.
Murdoch, Michael J. "Nonverbal vocal interface /." Link to online version, 2006. https://ritdml.rit.edu/dspace/handle/1850/10346.
Full textSantos, Luciana Virgínia Prazeres Teixeira. "O papel dos padrões entoacionais na construção de sentido na leitura oral do professor em sala de aula." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=491.
Full textFor some peoples, the act of reading is seem easy and pleasant for others is a sacrifice without favorable prospects. School practices often do not prepare the student to be a proficient reader, but to perform a ritual of the curriculum of Portuguese Language. The read result of organized thought, prior knowledge and shared in the interactive action to which they add the linguistic-prosodic features (stretches, tones, change the pace and the time of the voice) and (repetition, pausing, hesitation and interruption). This research is a qualitative analysis of reading shared between teacher and student. It is based on discourse analysis, taking as its starting point the Interactional Theory of Intonation (TIE) of Brazil (1985), who realizes that the clues provided by the reader / listener / author / text are constitutive of meaning and tone choices made by persons, aid in the construction of meaning in spoken language and this sense is directly linked to the understanding of written text. When there is constructionof meaning in oral language, has been a reflection of deconstruction in the writing process. The corpus for this research consists of reading from two different text types: a chronic Discovery (1991), written by Luis Fernando Verissimo, and the poem Sobradinho, of the authors Sa e Guarabira (1973). Two criteria were established for the choice of texts. First, because the chronic and the poem are the object of study covered in the syllabus of classes of the 7th year of fundamental education. Second, because the chronic kind, has a captivating episode, the plot involves a series of actions, with brief and reflective approach, with digressions, comments or notes essay. And the poem, because it has characteristics like melody, rhythm and rhyme, producing harmony, moving between the syllables and unstressed syllables. It was also evidenced the distinct choices of standard intonation, as well as words prominence and impact of those choices in the comprehensive analysis of text. It was noticed that the pause, repetition, hesitation, stretching, exchanges and deletions of words change the meaning of understanding, and concluded that the language resources and para play an essential role in the construction of meaning of text. And when the teacher does not make use of these prosodic strategies as tools in the interactive process, makes the construction of meaning of text.
Fernandes, Flaviane Romani. "Ordem, focalização e preenchimento em portugues : sintaxe e prosodia." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269035.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: O presente trabalho, desenvolvido no âmbito da interface sintaxefonologia, consiste num estudo comparativo das construções de focalização em português brasileiro (doravante, PB) e em português europeu (doravante, PE) na expressão do foco informacional do elemento 'sujeito¿. A hipótese que buscamos confirmar ou infirmar neste estudo é a de que as diferentes formas de expressão do foco informacional do sujeito realizadas em PB e PE, além de estarem relacionadas a questões de natureza sintática, como à fixação do parâmetro prodrop, como afirmam Nespor & Guasti (2002) para as línguas em geral, também estão relacionadas a questões de natureza prosódica, como, por exemplo, o peso fonológico dos constituintes nas sentenças. Os resultados alcançados nesta tese mostram que tanto em PE, como em PB, restrições de peso fonológico atuam na escolha por determinada forma de focalização informacional do sujeito. Todavia, ainda mostram que, em PE, requisitos fonológicos relacionados ao alinhamento da proeminência do elemento focalizado com a proeminência principal de sentença podem também ser satisfeitos através do reordenamento de constituintes ou do uso de estruturas pseudoclivadas, por exemplo. Diferentemente do PE, o PB, dadas as particularidades de sua gramática, não se vale destes mesmos artifícios. Em PB, ocorre preferencialmente o uso de sentenças na ordem SV(O) com o sujeito portando a proeminência principal da sentença ou o uso de sentenças clivadas e clivadas invertidas. Quanto à primeira estratégia de focalização, ainda que o PE também possa se utilizar dela, nossos resultados indicam que as duas variedades de português apresentam diferenças quanto à posição sintática ocupada pelo sujeito focalizado. Enquanto este elemento se encontra na posição de especificador de TP em PE, em PB, ele se encontra fora de TP. Tal afirmação encontra respaldo na estrutura entoacional diferente associada a este tipo de sentença nas duas variedades
Abstract: Taking into account the syntaxphonology interface, this thesis compares subject focalization constructions in Brazilian Portuguese (henceforth, BP) and European Portuguese (henceforth, BP). This study aimed to confirm or infirm the hypothesis that the di erences between BP and EP derive from prosodic aspects of sentences, e.g., the phonologicalweightofconstituents,asidefromsyntacticpropertiesof thetwo languages, e.g., the nu subject parameter se ing (cf. Nespor & Guasti, 2002). Our results show that phonological weight constrains play an important role in both Portuguese varieties.Furthermore, our results also indicate that the phonologicalrequirementofalignment betweenthefocusprominenceand the sentence principal prominence may be satisfied in EP, for example, through reordering of constituents or pseudoclefts sentences. Due to particularities of BP grammar, these strategies are not available in BP. In this language, two solutions are available: (i) the preverbal subject ca ies the sentence principal prominence; and ( ) the use of cleft sentences and inversecleft sentences. Although strategy (i) is also used in EP, our results reveal that, in SV(O) sentences with focalized subject, the subject occupies di erent syntactical positions in the two varieties. Whereas the focalized subject occupies the TP specifier position in EP, in BP, this same element is out of TP.Evidence for this claim is provided by the di erent intonational structure type associated with this kind of sentences in the two languages
Doutorado
Doutor em Linguística
Lucente, Luciana 1978. "Aspectos dinâmicos da fala e da entoação do português brasileiro = Dynamic aspects of speech and intonation in Brazilian Portuguese." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271129.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta tese explora a relação entre padrões entoacionais ritmo e discurso de acordo com o programa de investigação dos sistemas dinâmicos. O estudo dessas relações foram feitas tendo como base o Modelo Dinâmico do Ritmo da Fala, proposto por Barbosa (2006), o Sistema DaTo de notação entoacional, proposto por Lucente (2008) e o Modelo Computacional da Estrutura do Discurso, proposto por Grosz & Sidner (1986). O Modelo de Dinâmico do Ritmo sugere que o ritmo da fala seja resultado da ação de dois osciladores - um acentual e outro silábico - que ao receberem na entrada do sistema informações de níveis lingüísticos superiores e de uma pauta gestual, geram a duração gestual na saída. A hipótese desta tese é que, paralelamente a esses osciladores, um oscilador glotal possa agir controlando os padrões entoacionais da fala. Os padrões, ou ciclos entoacionais, em que se organiza a entoação do PB emergem quando relacionados à segmentação de trechos de discurso em modalidade espontânea. Para cada trecho de fala classificado como espontâneo de acordo com um critério proposto nesta tese, o discurso é segmentado no sistema DaTo em unidades linguisticamente estruturadas, que contém os propósitos de comunicar e atrair atenção. Cada um destes segmentos do discurso se alinham a um padrão entoacional iniciado por um contorno entoacional ascendente (LH ou >LH) e finalizado por um contorno descendente (LHL) ou por um nível de fronteira baixo (L). Alinhado a este padrão formado entre entoação e discurso está também o ritmo. Com o acréscimo de uma camada no sistema DaTo para a segmentação dos enunciados em grupos acentuais pôde-se observar o alinhamento entre a segmentação dos grupos acentuais e a notação dos contornos entoacionais coincidindo com fronteiras das unidades discursivas. A observação do alinhamento entre entoação, ritmo e discurso tendo como atratores os grupos acentuais possibilitou a proposta de inserção de um oscilador glotal ao Modelo Dinâmico do Ritmo
Abstract: This thesis explores the relationship between intonational patterns and its relationship with speech rhythm and discourse, according to the dynamic systems research program. The study of these relationships were based on Barbosa's (2006) Dynamic Model of Speech Rhythm; on DaTo intonational annotation system proposed by Lucente (2008); and on the Computational Model of the Structure of Discourse, proposed by Grosz & Sidner (1986). The Dynamic Model of Rhythm suggests that speech rhythm is the result of two oscillators action - accentual and syllabic - which receive linguistic and gestural information as input, and give the gestural duration as output. This thesis hypothesis is that in addition to these oscillators, a glottal oscillator can act controlling the intonation patterns of speech. These patterns, or intonational cycles, which organize the BP intonation, emerge when related to the spontaneous discourse segmentation. For each discourse segment classified as spontaneous, according to a criteria proposed in this thesis, the speech is segmented into the DaTo system framework in linguistically structured units, which contains the purposes of communication and attention. Each of these segments is aligned to the speech intonation pattern delimitated by a rising contour (LH or> HL) at the beginning and by a falling contour (LHL), or a boundary level (L), at the end. The speech rhythm is also aligned to the pattern formed between intonation and discourse. By the inclusion of a new layer for the stress groups segmentation into DaTo system was possible to observe the alignment between stress group segmentation and intonational annotation coinciding with discourse segments boundaries. The alignment between intonation, rhythm and discourse, having the stress groups as attractors, allowed us to propose the insertion of a glottal oscillator into the Dynamic Model of Rhythm
Doutorado
Doutora em Linguística
Niebuhr, Oliver. "Perzeption und kognitive Verarbeitung der Sprechmelodie : theoretische Grundlagen und empirische Untersuchungen /." Berlin [u.a.] : de Gruyter, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2998769&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textMartins, Marcus Vinicíus Moreira. "Alvos tonais: unidades fonético-fonológicas da entoação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-15052018-104642/.
Full textThe main purpose of this work is develop our hypothesis about the tonal targets, which would be phonological-phonetic units responsible for the mediation between the representational level of the intonation and the physical level of the implementation of F0. The tonal targets were divided into two major categories, topological and punctual. The first occur in a limited space, and is called by Ferreira-Netto (2008) as midtone. The boundaries of this space are defined by the tonal differentiation thresholds (TDT) and are specified at +3 and -4 semitones from the midtone. Beyond these thresholds are the Focus/Emphasis frequency bands. In these bands the tones become relevant events to the listeners who are able to attribute meanings to them. the tones that occur in this region we gave the name of punctual, since they are specific events. To test this hypothesis, we applied test 1, in which participants were asked to repeat a pre-recorded sentence with a striking intonational division: in the first part it was a male voice spealing a declarative phrase, in the second part a female voice speaking an interrogative phrase. From 15 participants we obtained 24 samples, counting intra-subject repetitions. The analysis was conducted in two stages, in the first one we evaluated the ability of the speaker to detect the topological tonal target underlying the first part of the stimulus and to reproduce it. In the second step, we evaluated the ability of the speaker to detect the punctual target characterized by the interrogative and implement it in his speech. The analysis of the first condition was done by means of what we call the relationship index (ir), which measures the degree of correlation between the stimulus and the repetition of the speaker. The analysis revealed that the participants demonstrated a great acuity in the execution of the task, which suggests that the speakers are able to monitor the fundamental frequency implementation, from the detection of the topological targets. The second analysis, on the other hand, shows that the implementation of specific targets can be random to some extent, since it does not need to respect a specific limit, only a threshold. In the second part of the work we apply a similar method, focused on the analysis of emotional speech, in three conditions: anger, sadness and neutrality. The phrase consisted of an excerpt from a science book, read in these three emotions by professional actresses. The analysis, using hypothesis tests (n = 196, p <0.005), revealed that the topological targets between the conditions were distinct, suggesting the intonational space and the variation of frequency in its interior can be a significant clue to the distinction of the emotive speech.
Clemens, Denise Leslie. "A study of the capability of the computerized Visi-Pitch when investigating prosodic features of motherese." PDXScholar, 1988. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3743.
Full textBrito, Carla Maria Cavalcanti Padilha de. "Perfil entoacional do operador de telemarkenting e tipo de padrão mais aceito por clientes de operadoras de celular." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2007. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=154.
Full textThe telemarketing sector is in frank expansion in Brasil, and for many it represents the initial opportunity for formal employment. In active telemarketing, the operator calls the customer whereas in receptive telemarketing the call is made by the customer. Since there is no face to face interaction performance of the operator, in both modalities, is solely dependent on his or her verbal communication skills. Thus, their voice is probably the most important component for success. For good communication there must be variations in voice pitch, loudness, speed and intonation, which are essential for good prosody. However, there are relatively few studies examining the subject of intonation in telemarketing. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to characterize the intonation profile of telemarketing operators, as well as to identify the intonation pattern more widely accepted by the customers of a cellular telephony company. For this, a questionnaire was applied to 212 customers and an analysis of the intonation of 40 telemarketing operators conducted using Brazils Interactive Theory of Intonation. 50 customers were also asked to listen to audio recordings containing the most frequent intonation patterns and requested to identify the most pleasant ones. Differences in customer service were observed between the two modalities of telemarketing (active or receptive), especially by younger customers (20-30 year olds). Of the 40 discourses evaluated, the most recurrent intonation pattern was the rise pattern both in the active and receptive telemarketing modalities. In active telemarketing, however, the second most prevalent pattern was the fall pattern, whereas in the receptive modality it was the fall-rise pattern. Based on the opinion of the 100 customers that listened to the recordings, it may be concluded that regardless of the type of telemarketing, the rise and fall patterns were considered more natural, in contrast to the fall-rise, pattern which was perceived as exagerated or caricatured. In active telemarmarketing the fall pattern was more widely accepted whereas the rise pattern was better accepted in receptive telemarketing. In addition, the rise and fall pattern was more positively evaluated by male customers. Thus, it may be concluded that, regardless of the type of telemarketing, it is necessary for the company to study the profile of its customers in order for its operators to use the most adequate voice intonation
Chodaková, Polina. "Analyse prosodique de musiques urbaines en français et en tchèque." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC292/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the rhythm, stress and intonation in rap and reggae music. It describes the form features of declamations which combine chant, halfsinging and singing, in the theoretical framework of contrastive prosody and verse theory. The thesis consists of seven chapters and is based on a textual corpus of 200 songs in French and Czech, assembled for this dissertation. The linguistic material of 59,000 syllabes is a representativeset of excerpts, transcribed in rhythmic grids with an auditive analysis.From the prosodic point of view, rap and reggae display an important degree of rhythmic reorganisation. In both languages, setting texts to music is performed according to an isochronous pattern, which is imposed on the lyrics with an isosyllabic rhythm and whose bound stress system is weak. It is shown through interactive constraints, which reflect universal tendencies in verbal art, that both genres exhibit a lot of freedom in the association of lyrics and the musical meter. Several linguistic categories manifest various types of mismatches. A form rearrangement (stress shifts, dynamic stress) follows from this rhythmisation, as well as from the syllable density of the metrical scheme and a rather high speaking rate. French rap has the most frequent use of poetic license through its practice of the Stress Promotion principle (accenting syllables falling on the beats). The syllabic level seems intact in the realisation of the imported rhythms, as several measures demonstrate that rap and reggae are closer to speech than to singing. A similar observation appears at the intonational level of rap, because its nuclear contour inventory makes it closely resemble speech. From the metrical point of view, a big part of the corpus is classified as chanted and half-sung liberated verse. The lineation is supported by intonation, which participates in a strophic grouping, according to the genres' model of American and Jamaican reggae. The lyrics are also interpretable as verse instances of the alliterative meter. Its rhythmical techniques (internal rhymes, syncopation, etc) establish a poetic grammar of rap and reggae and define the two stages of their evolution
Tato disertace se zabývá rytmem, přízvukováním a intonací v rapu a v reggae hudbě. Popisuje formální rysy jejich způsobů přednesu, které se váží na poetickou recitaci, zpěv a polozpěv, a které jsou podrobeny analýze v rámci srovnávací prozódie a teorie verše. Práce sestává ze sedmi kapitol a staví na základě textového korpusu sestaveného za jejím účelem, který obsahuje 200 písní v češtině a ve francouzštině. Tento jazykový materiál o cca 59 000 slabikách je reprezentativním souborem úryvků zaznamenaných do tzv. rytmických mřížek pomocí poslechové metody.Z prozodického hlediska rap a reggae vykazuje mnoho změn v rytmické organizaci oproti jiným druhům verbálního umění. V obou jazycích je zhudebnění textů dosaženo skrze izochronní rytmický vzor, který se prosazuje v textech rytmu izoslabičného, jejichž přízvukový systém je pevný a slabý. S odkazem na tzv. interaktivní omezení, která odrážejí univerzální tendence, se oba žánry jeví jako spíše tolerantní vzhledem k volnosti spojení textů a hudebního metra. Jednotlivé jazykové kategorie projevují různé druhy nesouladu mezi oběma složkami. Tento druh rytmizace má za následek nové formální uspořádání(posuny přízvuku, jeho silová realizace), na kterém se podílí také hustota slabik v rytmickém schématu či zvýšené tempo řeči. Největší volnost je sledována u francouzského rapu, pro nějž je typické automatické přidělení metrického přízvuku na hudebních dobách (tj. sekundární realizace silných pozic). I přes výrazný odklon od jazykové normy v přízvukové rovině je při přednesu nově zavedených rytmů plně zachována rovina slabičná. Slabikování přibližuje rap a reggae více řeči než zpěvu, stejně jako inventářnukleárních kontur přibližuje řeči rapovou intonaci.Z metrického hlediska je velká část korpusu zařazena jako skandované a polozpívané uvolněné verše. Intonační jednotky podtrhují frázování veršů, jejichž strofika je ovlivněna metrickou strukturou obou žánrových modelů (americký rap, jamajské, reggae). Texty je také možno považovat za aliterační verše. Jejich rytmické výrazové prostředky (vnitřní rýmy, synkopy aj.) se uplatňují jako poetická gramatika rapu a reggae a umožňují rozlišit dvě vývojové fáze obou žánrů
Peres, Daniel Oliveira. "A percepção da emoção na fala por nativos e não nativos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-03022017-123015/.
Full textThis study aims to investigate the perception of emotional speech by natives and non-natives. This study is based on the evolutionary view (DARWIN, 1965 [1872]; PLUTCHIK 1980, 1984; COSMIDES; TOOBY, 2000), which claims that the emotions are universally manifested; and the social vision of emotion (AVERILL 1980, 1993; HARRÉ, 1986; RUSSELL, 1991), which claims that emotions are a product of social interactions. In order to do so, three perception experiments were developed involving four basic emotions: anger, fear, sadness and joy. The first experiment pilot was based on the basic emotion approach (fouralternative forced choice); the second was based on the dimensional approach to emotions (valence, activation and dominance); and the third was based on the thin slicing methodology. Altogether, 110 participants performed the experiments, 8 in the pilot experiment, 36 in the experiment with dimensional approach (judging normal and delexicalized speech) and 76 in the experiment with thin slices. In the first two experiments, 32 Brazilian Portuguese (BP) excerpts of emotional speech were selected. In the experiment with thin slices 48 short excerpts of PB emotional speech were selected with duration up to 1400ms. The judgements of the participants were compared to the acoustic parameters from the automatic analysis (ExProsodia) and acoustic parameters related to voice quality. The results of the first two experiments were significant and showed that, in general, native and non-native participants were able to judge successfully emotions. However, non-native participants showed no significant result in the experiment with dimensional approach and delexicalized speech. According to the data analysis of the thin slices experiment showed that there was no significant difference between the natives and nonnatives performances, unlike what was found in the experiment with dimensional approach (delexicalized speech). Although the results of this study support a universalist perspective of emotions, they also give clues that there is an in-group advantage, namely that the natives have a greater ability to recognize emotions than non-natives. The assumption is that the perception of emotion is subject to the redundancy of information contained in the speech, based on the results of the experiments with restrict content stimuli (delexicalized speech and thin slices). Thus, the perception of emotion in speech is possible even with the lack of information of the acoustic signal.
Rosignoli, Carolina Carbonari. "O padrão entoacional das sentenças interrogativas da variedade paulista do português brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-17102017-161943/.
Full textThis study aims to describe the intonational contour of global and partial, neutral and non-neutral interrogative sentences of the Paulista variety of Brazilian Portuguese (BP). We investigate the relation between tonal events assignment and the formation of prosodic domains. Our goal is to find intonational patterns that codigy pragmatic meaning of different clause types of BP interrogative sentences. Our hypothesis is that the total contour has a fundamental role in codifying pragmatic meaning, besides the nuclear contour. In our work, the corpora analyzed includes controlled speech data obtained in a reading task that exposed interrogative sentences along with context to elicit the production of interrogatives with different pragmatic meanings and semicontrolled speech data recorded in a map task. The description and the prosodic analysis of the intonational phrasing of the interrogative sentences of our corpora were developed according to an integrated view of the Autossegmental Metrical approach within the framework of Intonational Phonology (Pierrehumbert 1980; Pierrehumbert & Beckman 1988; Ladd 1996, 2008; Jun 2005/2014; entre outros) and the Prosodic Phonology framework (Selkirk 1984, 1986, 2000; Nespor & Vogel 1986, 2007). Our analysis take into account previous works developed in this same framework and applied to Portuguese (Frota & Vigário 2000; Tenani 2002; Fernandes 2007a, 2007b, Serra 2009, Toneli 2014; and, more specifically regarding interrogative sentences, Moraes 2008, Truckenbrodt, Sandalo & Abaurre 2009, Castelo 2011, 2016 e Frota et. al. 2015a). The results achieved through this investigation reveal that (i) in general, the nuclear contour of interrogative sentences of the Paulista variety of BP show a rising-falling pattern; (ii) the total contour plays an important role in conveying pragmatic meaning of questions; (iii) there are special prosodic characteristics assigned to the total contour that correspond to specific pragmatic meaning, such as: (a) focus and emphasis marking that varies depending on the pragmatic meaning associated with different phrase types; (b) downstep association to the nuclear contour in neutral interrogative sentences; (c) upstep association to the emphatic element in counter expectation sentences; (d) lower tessiture of the range of variation in the portion of the intonational contour corresponding to the first prosodic word and the nuclear contour in rhetoric questions; (e) differences in tonal density between neutral and non-neutral sentences; among other prosodic characteristics associated with specific pragmatic meaning. These results confirm lead us to achieve our objectives and confirm our main hypothesis.
Pullin, Graham. "17 ways to say yes : exploring tone of voice in augmentative communication and designing new interactions with speech synthesis." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/110efeb6-e4d4-43d7-a4ac-d1e33746d1e2.
Full textTaylor, Paul Alexander. "A phonetic model of English intonation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26991.
Full textMauad, Sergio Augusto. "Análise das características rítmicas e melódicas da leitura de um diálogo em inglês por aprendizes brasileiros." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13663.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Due to its interaction with the sound segments, prosody is one of the elements to be considered when investigating foreign accent. In this study, the speech patterns of a dialogue read by two Brazilians and two Americans are contrasted, and two prosodic elements are investigated: rhythm and intonation. Speech rhythm, which refers to a temporal patterning of elements in the flow of speech, plays a relevant role in discourse. Intonation, the melody of speech, organizes the flow of speech and expresses modalities, emotions and attitudes. In the case of L2 speakers, it is very likely that certain prosodic patterns of L1 will be transferred to L2. In this study, the rhythmic and intonational patterns of a read dialogue are contrasted through acoustic-phonetic analysis by means of the PRAAT software. The acoustic data comprises duration measuraments of V-V units, syllables, feet and adjacent full vowels, as well as pitch accent markings. The analysis of the rhythm of American English is mainly based on Bolinger‟s Pitch Accent Theory. ToBI (Tones and break índices) is used for the tonal labelling, and ANOVA and the variability index for the statistical treatment of the data. Results point to significant differences (p<.05) in syllable and V-V unit duration means, and differences in the variability index of the syllabic feet. The rhythmic structure of the utterances produced by the Brazilian subjects was affected by L1 transfer of tonicity, juncture, vowel quality as well as processes of segmental reduction and elision. As regards intonation, it was observed, in the productions of the American subjects, a systematic occurrence of the phenomenon of downstep, and, in the productions of the Brazilian subjects, a productive occurrence of L*+H e L+H* tones, which affected the production of meaning. With this study, I wish to contribute to the research on the teaching of rhythm and intonation to Brazilian speakers of English
A prosódia, pela interação que estabelece com os segmentos fônicos, é um dos elementos a ser considerado na investigação do sotaque estrangeiro. Neste estudo, tenho como objetivo investigar, com apoio na análise fonético-acústica, dois elementos prosódicos: o ritmo e a entoação, contrastando as produções de fala de duas brasileiras e de duas norte-americanas na leitura de um diálogo em inglês. O ritmo, que implica em regularidade e estruturação ao longo do tempo, exerce papel relevante no discurso oral. A entoação, a melodia da fala, organiza o fluxo sonoro e expressa modalidades, emoções e atitudes. No caso de falantes aprendizes de uma língua estrangeira, são grandes as possibilidades de transferência de padrões prosódicos da língua materna. Neste trabalho, os padrões rítmicos e entoacionais das sentenças de um diálogo são contrastados com o apoio da análise fonético-acústica, utilizando-se o software PRAAT. A extração de medidas contempla a duração, em milisegundos, das unidades V-V, sílabas, pés rítmicos e vogais plenas em adjacência, bem como marcações de f0 em alvos específicos do contorno entoacional: os pitch accents. A fundamentação teórica para o ritmo do inglês norte-americano baseia-se na Teoria de Pitch Accent, proposta por Bolinger. Para a notação dos padrões entoacionais, é utilizado o sistema ToBI (Tones and Break Indices) e, para o tratamento estatístico dos dados, o teste ANOVA e o índice de variabilidade. Foram constatadas diferenças significativas (p<,05) entre as produções de fala dos sujeitos norte-americanos e brasileiros em relação à duração média relativa de sílabas e unidades V-V e diferenças em relação ao índice de variabilidade dos pés silábicos. Também foram constatadas nas produções das brasileiras interferências de L1 em relação à tonicidade, junturas, qualidade vocálica e processos de redução e elisão segmental que afetaram a estrutura rítmica dos enunciados. Em relação à entoação, observou-se, nas emissões das norte-americanas, a ocorrência, de forma mais sistemática, do fenômeno de downstep, e, nas produções das brasileiras, a ocorrência produtiva dos tons L*+H e L+H*, o que afeta a produção de sentidos. Com o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, pretendo contribuir para aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre o ritmo e a entoação no contexto de ensino de inglês para brasileiros
Ljolje, A. "Intonation and phonetic segmentation using hidden Markov models." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377219.
Full textRumsey, Lacy Martin. "Rhythm & intonation in free verse form : an assessment of the contributions of phonetics, focus-to-accent theory and literary history to the understanding of nonmetrical poetry, with readings in the work of William Carlos Williams, Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/rhythm-and-intonation-in-free-verse-form--an-assessment-of-the-contributions-of-phonetics-focustoaccent-theory-and-literary-history-to-the-understanding-of-nonmetrical-poetry-with-readings-in-the-work-of-william-carlos-williams-allen-ginsberg-and-ja(0a9e2904-206d-46ab-86da-8249cec90fc2).html.
Full textCantero, Serena Francisco José 1964. "Estructura de los modelos entonativos: interpretación fonológica del acento y la entonación en castellano." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673484.
Full textAufterbeck, Margit. "Scottish English intonation : a phonetic analysis of a Fife dialect." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428438.
Full textBallesteros, María del Pilar. "La entonación del español del norte." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/109963.
Full textMateo, Ruiz Miguel. "La entonación del español meridional." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/132583.
Full textIn this thesis we present a characterization of the intonation of southern varieties of Peninsular Spanish (Andalucia, Castilla La Mancha, Extremadura and Murcia) and the Canary Islands in spontaneous speech, from the theoretical model Melodic Speech Analysis Budgets theory Melodic Speech Analysis (AMH, in spanish) are exposed in detail in Cantero (2002), Font- Rotchés (2007) , and Cantero y Mateo (2011). Intonation is articulated by dynamic processes according to a certain hierarchy phonic (Prelinguistic intonation) to produce significant entities, phonological (linguistic intonation), based on the combination of three features (emphatic /, / suspended /, / interrogative /). These representations allow incorporation of a variety of non-linguistic meanings that inform personal and expressive ( paralinguistic intonation ) . Intonation study can focus on each of these three levels. In our work we focus on intonation prelinguistic, one that can identify such phenomena as “foreign accent" or "dialectal accent", which is what interests us. To make the description of Spanish melodic characteristics of the areas listed previously have been two papers that we considered essential to establish the validity of the results obtained: 1) Establishment of a comprehensive corpus we collected and analyzed 3238 audio units issued by 475 informants 2) Creation and validation of PRAAT programs (scripts) that allow us to obtain fast and reliable fundamental frequency data that make up the melodic contours. This automation of data extraction allowed us to analyze, describe and interpret the melodic features of intonation corpus constituted the defining characteristics of what we know as "dialectal accent", in this case the Spanish spoken in the southern peninsula and Canaries. These characteristics, as noted Navarro Tomas (1944), fall, basically, in the body, in the central part of the contour, but also behavior has been identified so far described the first peak of the contour, the first sentence accent.
Rathcke, Tamara. "Komparative Phonetik und Phonologie der Intonationssysteme des Deutschen und Russischen." München Utz, 2008. http://d-nb.info/993314899/04.
Full textGarcia-Lecumberri, Maria Luisa. "Intonational signalling of information structure in English and Spanish : a comparative study." Thesis, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261807.
Full textAndreeva, Bistra. "Zur Phonetik und Phonologie der Intonation in der Sofioter Varietät des Bulgarischen /." Saarbrücken : Univ., Inst. für Phonetik, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016243632&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textRathcke, Tamara. "Komparative Phonetik und Phonologie der Intonationssysteme des Deutschen und Russischen /." München : Utz, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017631355&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textMoura, Chirlene Santos da Cunha. "A entoação no processo de (re)organização da linguagem : um estudo de caso em afasia." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2012. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=731.
Full textThe theme for research has been observed for the intonation in the organization of the speech in patients with aphasia, understood as a change in the linguistic system from brain damage, among other commitments, which makes the aphasic feel it very difficult to convey emotion and meaning by speech, causing social withdrawal. In order to identify prosodic features in the process of (re)organization of language by identifying intonation clues of speech in the oral production by the aphasic subject and the organization of intonation strategies through clues presented in the writing of that subject from the Interactional Theory of Intonation of Brazil (1985), the study focuses on promoting the speech of the aphasic subject by exploring intonation clues through the use of different text genres related to the daily practice of aphasic. For this reason, a study was conducted with an aphasic subject, male, with significant difficulties in writing and speaking skills. We selected ten species with predominant features of speech and ten with predominant features of writing. All the proposed activities on the mode of oral genres were performed by the subject, while only seven activities of the written form were accepted and performed satisfactorily. The results indicated the need of working together both the aspects of verbal and nonverbal multimodal and discursive construction. The intonation clues, both in the oral and in the writing, served as facilitators of the process of organizing language by the aphasic subject. The emphasis of the prominence, especially the emphasis on pretonic syllable, played strong constitutive meaning in interaction. Even the hesitation, which is common in the speech of the aphasic, is considered a strategy for organization of thought, and it is marked by intonation clue related to syntactic organization. Thus, we conclude that in the process of (re)organization of language, intonation plays an important role in the construction of meaning in the interaction and facilitates understanding the statement
Sullivan, Jennifer Niamh. "Approaching intonational distance and change." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5619.
Full textMauad, Sergio Augusto. "Questões de prosódia: uma investigação, com apoio de instrumentais de análise fonético-acústica, dos padrões entoacionais de falantes bilíngües brasileiros e norte-americanos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13933.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This dissertation aims at investigating the prosodic patterns in the speech of bilingual American and Brazilian speakers. By means of acoustic phonetic analysis, the manner by which speakers structure the prosodic groups was investigated in light of models that underscore the discoursal and attitudinal functions of intonation. Analyses were carried out on various strands: pitch configurations in idioms, distribution of pitch accents within an utterance whether it be for contrastive or emphatic reasons, and loss of accentual prominence in words that are no longer part of the common ground between speaker and listener. The study involved 4 female subjects, two Brazilians and two Americans, in the 20-40 age group. The corpus is comprised of 7 sentences in English and in Portuguese, four of which were uttered in the declarative modality, one in the exclamative modality and two in the interrogative modality. The sentences were extracted from a dialogue so constructed as to allow for the expression of attitudes and emotions. The dialogue was read and interpreted in three repetitions. The recordings of the readings were carried out at PUC-SP´s Radio and TV studio. The acoustic analysis of the data was done by means of the PRAAT software program, whereby utterances were segmented into units of varying sizes: GIPC, vowels, syllables and consonants. Results point to the use of language-specific strategies by Brazilian and American speakers: (a) Brazilians seem to favor a greater number of prosodic groups in order to maintain sentence focus at terminals; (b) speakers of both languages are heavily influenced by L1 intonational patterns in YES/N0 questions; (c) idioms as produced by non-natives present pitch configurations which convey attitudes incongruent with their meanings in the target language; (d) there are major distributional differences in the two languages as regards nucleus focus; (e) shared information is not a strong enough reason for deaccenting in Portuguese
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo investigar os padrões entoacionais de produções de falantes bilíngües norte-americanos e brasileiros. Por meio de instrumentais de análise fonético-acústica, foi investigado o modo pelo qual os falantes estruturam os grupos prosódicos, à luz de modelos de descrição da entoação que privilegiem o discurso e as atitudes. Foram analisadas as configurações de pitch em expressões idiomáticas, a distribuição do acento principal de pitch em enunciados em que ocorra contrastividade ou ênfase, e a perda (ou não) de proeminência acentual de palavras que já façam parte do conhecimento mútuo entre falante e ouvinte. O trabalho envolveu quatro sujeitos do sexo feminino na faixa etária entre 20 e 40 anos, sendo duas brasileiras e duas norte-americanas. O corpus é composto de 7 sentenças em inglês e em português, sendo 4 na modalidade declarativa, uma na exclamativa e 2 na interrogativa. As sentenças foram extraídas de um diálogo construído de modo a contemplar a expressão de atitudes e emoções. O diálogo foi lido e interpretado em três repetições. A gravação das leituras foi feita no Estúdio de Rádio e TV da PUC-SP. A análise acústica dos dados foi feita por meio do programa PRAAT, a partir da segmentação dos enunciados em unidades de tamanhos variados: unidades V-V, vogais, sílabas e consoantes. Os resultados obtidos apontam para o uso de estratégias diferenciadas por parte dos falantes brasileiros e norte-americanos: (a) falantes brasileiros tendem a fazer um maior número de fronteiras prosódicas, de modo a manter o acento frasal em fronteira final; (b) falantes de ambas as línguas tendem a sofrer influência dos padrões entoacionais de L1 nas questões totais; (c) A produção de expressões idiomáticas por falantes não nativos apresenta configurações de pitch que carreiam atitudes incompatíveis com seu significado em L2; (d) há diferenças nas duas línguas em relação à posição do acento frasal; (e) nem sempre informação já compartilhada pelos participantes do discurso perde a proeminência acentual no português
Herman, Rebecca. "Intonation and discourse structure in English : phonological and phonetic markers of local and global discourse structure /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487953204281354.
Full textKainada, Evia. "Phonetic and phonological nature of prosodic boundaries : evidence from Modern Greek." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4469.
Full textRosa, Renata Cezar de Moraes. "Percepção e ExProsodia® : correlação entre análise automática e a finalização de frases assertivas isoladas do português brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-03122015-161852/.
Full textThe intonation can be decomposed into structuring components (finalization and support component) and also semantic-functional components (focus / emphasis and lexical stress). The proposal assumed by ExProsodia rechearch group, based on the studies of Xu and Wang (1997), it allows separate analysis of each component of F0. In this study we treat structuring components, specifically, the study of finalization (F). The study aims, first, to analyze through perception tests which Brazilian Portuguese (henceforth PB) speakers think that is the ending of declarative sentences. It is our intent also verify if the finalization sequence proposed by Ferreira Netto (2008), plus the assumption of Consoni et al. (2009) e Consoni (2011) is observed. And lastly, our purpose is to inspect whether perceptual data match with those provided by automatic analysis obtained by routine ExProsodia®. This study aims to integrate a collection of work done by the research group ExProsodia - Automatic analysis of intonation in the speech of the Portuguese language, research line in the area of Perception of Prosody under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Waldemar Ferreira Netto. We developed two tests. In the first test, nine sentences were presented to the Brazilian Portuguese listeners (three sentences without manipulation and six manipulated). Non-manipulated sentences, throughout this work, as mentioned as models sentences. The six manipulated sentences were subdivided into two groups of three sentences each one: the monotonous sentences and manipulated sentences. The last one is manipulated so that between the medium tone (MT) and the finalization tone (FT) there is a distance of 7 semitones. We named first sentences as neutral sentences and the others as hypothesis sentences. At the second test, six sentences (only manipulated sentences, i.e. neutral sentences and hypothesis sentences) were presented to Brazilian Portuguese listeners. Each time the participant heard a sentence, he was requested to indicate whether that sentence, according to their perception, or was not finalized. Two response options were given to listeners: yes, the sentence is finished or not, the sentence is not finished. 20 listeners of both sexes, aged between 18 and 55 years, all with education among middle and senior level have participated of the test. The test results indicate that percentages of listeners who consider neutral sentences as unfinished sentences were always high and remained, mostly at around 80%. Moreover, the product of the analysis of hypothesis sentences corroborates data of the work already cited. (CONSONI; FERREIRA NETTO, 2008; CONSONI et al., 2008; CONSONI et al., 2009 e CONSONI, 2011; FERREIRA NETTO, 2006, 2008; ROSA 2009). The analysis of the test 2 has carried out by the signal detection theory (SDT) (GREEN; SWETS, 1966; MACMILLAN; Creelman, 2005; ADBI, 2007). By making use of the TDS, we intend to estimate the strength of the perceptual sensitivity of each participant of the test 2. Results showed dee-primes in three different categories, namely: high; medium and low. The responses of the majority of participants were between one extreme and mean facility to discriminate the finished and unfinished sentences.
Jannedy, Stefanie. "Hat patterns and double peaks : the phonetics and psycholinguistics of broad versus late narrow versus double focus intonations /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486402288263031.
Full textHolm, Snefrid. "Intonational and durational contributions to the perception of foreign-accented Norwegian : An experimental phonetic investigation." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for språk- og kommunikasjonsstudier, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2331.
Full textRoseano, Paolo. "La prosòdia del friülà en el marc de l’Atles Multimèdia de Prosòdia de l’Espai Romànic." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96714.
Full textThis dissertation has two main objectives. The first is describing the prosodic features of Friulian broad focus statements and information-seeking yes-no questions. The second objective is methodological and consists in proposing a system of automatic prosodic labeling that is capable of reducing the risk of subjectivity in prosodic analyses. Chapter 1 states the objectives of this work, establishes its theoretical framework (i.e., the Metric Autosegmental model), and explains the characteristics of the AMPER research project. Chapter 2 describes the segmental and morphosyntactic characteristics of Friulian and offers a synthesis of the literature on prosody Friulian. Chapter 3 illustrates the three prosodic labeling applications that have been created for this dissertation (AmperReno, AmperExtra and AmperEti). The third of these applications provides a labeling of intonation, duration and intensity that is based on acoustic values. The prosodic labeling provided has two levels: a superficial level, which is closer to acoustic reality, and an underlying one, that is closer to a phonological analysis. The results of the application of the abovementioned programs to the Friulian corpus are shown in Chapter 4. The most important conclusions are that: a) vowel duration in Friulian is a clear acoustic correlate of lexical stress, and b) that in all dialects yes-no questions are characterized by a L * H % nuclear configuration, while broad focus statements have a H+L* L% nuclear configuration (where the L% can be implemented as a shallow rise). Chapter 5 draws some phonological conclusions from the description of the phonetic aspects of Friulian intonation. Firstly, it describes the inventory of phonological tones (both pitch accents and boundary tones). Secondly, it describes some of the rules that allow to predict how phonological tones are realized phonetically (special attention is given to tonal truncation and compression as a result of tonal crowding). Chapter 6 carries out a dialectometrical analysis the prosodic data collected for Friulian and other Romance languages. Finally, Chapter 7 summarizes the contributions of this research and sketches an outline for future research.
Tenani, Luciani Ester. "Dominios prosodicos no portugues do Brasil : implicações para a prosodia e para a aplicação de processos fonologicos." [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270935.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta tese trata da estrutura prosódica do Português Brasileiro e a compara com a estrutura do Português Europeu. Para realizar essa comparação, são consideradas evidências entoacionais, segmentais e rítmicas dos três domínios mais altos da hierarquia prosódica, a saber: a frase fonológica, a frase entoacional e o enunciado fonológico. No Português Brasileiro, não foram encontradas evidências segmentais mas apenas evidências entoacionais dos três domínios prosódicos investigados. Esse resultado difere do que é encontrado no Português Europeu que presenta evidências entoacionais da frase entoacional e evidências segmentais de ser esse um domínio prosódico composto. As evidências entoacionais dos domínios no Português Brasileiro apresentam o desafio de formalizar teoricamente o problema da manifestação fonética das variações de altura que expressam relações fonológicas as quais podem ocorrer entre os constituintes prosódicos em diferentes níveis da estrutura. A análise de contextos de bloqueio da degeminação e da elisão revelou que, nas duas variedades do Português, há restrições que atuam no domínio da frase fonológica de modo a bloquear a configuração de estruturas rítmicas mal formadas. Também se verifica um efeito de direcionalidade esquerda/direita, o qual decorre de uma restrição que preserva a proeminência do acento mais à direita da frase fonológica. As duas variedades estudadas diferem entre si nas estratégias disponíveis para a resolução do choque de acentos. A consideração dos resultados da aplicação dos processos de vozeamento da mcativa, tapping, haplologia, degeminação, elisão e ditongação embasou a reflexão sobre as possíveis relações entre processos fonológicos que afetam a estrutura silábica e a implementação de um padrão rítmico preferencial. Foram apontados indícios de que o Português Brasileiro seja mais predominantemente de ritmo silábico que o Português Europeu. Essas diferenças rítmicas decorrem, em certa medida, das diferenças na organização hierárquica dos domínios prosódicos. Desse modo, as evidências encontradas revelam como a estrutura prosódica acaba por gerar as semelhanças e as diferenças entre as duas variedades do Português
Abstract: This thesis deals with the prosodic structure of Brazilian Portuguese and with the comparison between Brazilians Portuguese's structure and European Portuguese's structute. In order to make a comparison between the two, we are considering intonational, segmental and rithmic evidences of prosodic, that are hierarchically superior to the phonological word. These domains are: phonological phrase, intonational phrase and phonological utterance. In Brazilian Portuguese, no segmental evidences was found; only intonational evidences on these three prosodic domains. This differs from European Portuguese which has both intonational and segmental evidences for intonational phrase as an important prosodic domain. The intonational evidences in Brazilian Portuguese challenge us with the issue of theoretically understanding the phonetic manifestations of pitch variations - which express phonological relations - that can happen between prosodic constituents at different structure levels. Some considerations were aiso made on the relationship between phonological processes and rhythm. These reflections were based on the results from occurring the following six processes: fricative voicing, tapping, syllable degemination, vowel merger, vowel deletion and semi-vocalization. There are indications that Brazilian Portuguese is more a syllable-timed language than. European Portuguese. We argue that these rhythmic differences are related to the prosodic hierarchic structural differences of each variety of Portuguese. The evidences found allow us to demonstrate how the prosodic structure is relevant in explaining the prosodic characteristics of Brazilian and European Portuguese
Doutorado
Doutor em Linguística