To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Intonation (Phonology).
Journal articles on the topic 'Intonation (Phonology)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Intonation (Phonology).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Frota, Sónia, Marisa Cruz, Rita Cardoso, Isabel Guimarães, Joaquim Ferreira, Serge Pinto, and Marina Vigário. "(Dys)Prosody in Parkinson’s Disease: Effects of Medication and Disease Duration on Intonation and Prosodic Phrasing." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081100.
Full textAbstract:
The phonology of prosody has received little attention in studies of motor speech disorders. The present study investigates the phonology of intonation (nuclear contours) and speech chunking (prosodic phrasing) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a function of medication intake and duration of the disease. Following methods of the prosodic and intonational phonology frameworks, we examined the ability of 30 PD patients to use intonation categories and prosodic phrasing structures in ways similar to 20 healthy controls to convey similar meanings. Speech data from PD patients were collected before and after a dopaminomimetic drug intake and were phonologically analyzed in relation to nuclear contours and intonational phrasing. Besides medication, disease duration and the presence of motor fluctuations were also factors included in the analyses. Overall, PD patients showed a decreased ability to use nuclear contours and prosodic phrasing. Medication improved intonation regardless of disease duration but did not help with dysprosodic phrasing. In turn, disease duration and motor fluctuations affected phrasing patterns but had no impact on intonation. Our study demonstrated that the phonology of prosody is impaired in PD, and prosodic categories and structures may be differently affected, with implications for the understanding of PD neurophysiology and therapy.
2
O'Rourke, Erin. "Phonetics and phonology of Cuzco Quechua declarative intonation: An instrumental analysis." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 39, no. 3 (November 12, 2009): 291–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100309990144.
Full textAbstract:
This paper offers an analysis of Cuzco Quechua intonation using experimental techniques to examine one of the acoustic cues of pitch, the fundamental frequency or F0. While previous descriptions in the literature are based on auditory impression, in the present study recordings were made of read declaratives produced by native Quechua speakers in Cuzco, Peru. This paper provides an initial characterization of high and low tones with respect to the stressed syllable, as well as information regarding the height and alignment of these tones. In addition, the intonational marking of intermediate phrases within an utterance is discussed. Research on Quechua intonation can be used to begin to address several issues regarding the intonation of languages in contact, as well as to provide data for a future cross-linguistic analysis of indigenous language intonation features.
3
Ipek, Canan, and Sun-Ah Jun. "Towards a model of intonational phonology of Turkish: Neutral intonation." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no. 5 (May 2013): 3573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4806553.
Full text
4
Germani, Miriam P., and Lucia Rivas. "Discourse Intonation and Systemic Functional Phonology." Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal 13, no. 2 (November 14, 2011): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22487085.3772.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is a reflection on praxis which addresses the phonological stratum as an integral part of the language system. As EFL teachertrainers, we often find that students isolate the different meaning-creating components of language as a natural result of the way courses areorganized at university level. It is in the spirit of helping students integrate the various aspects of language and context that we have set outto compare David Brazil, Malcolm Coulthard and Catherine Johns’s Discourse Intonation model –which we have been working with for morethan ten years– with the intonation approach in Systemic Functional Linguistics, by M.A.K. Halliday and William Greaves. We observe thetheoretical similarities between the two approaches in order to see how they may supplement one another. Then, we analyse a conversationtaken from a film following both theoretical approaches, and draw conclusions in the light of the comparison. Our preliminary results show thatthe two approaches explain the meanings conveyed with reference to different meaning-making resources. Brazil et al. explain the meaningsat risk in the interaction according to the phonological systems they describe (prominence, tone, key and termination). Halliday and Greavesdo so by referring to the phonological and lexico-grammatical strata in combination.
5
Local, J. K., J. Kelly, and W. H. G. Wells. "Towards a phonology of conversation: turn-taking in Tyneside English." Journal of Linguistics 22, no. 2 (September 1986): 411–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700010859.
Full textAbstract:
Remarkably little is known in detail about the phonetics and phonology of naturally occurring conversational talk. Virtually nothing of interest is known of theinteractionalimplications of particular kinds of phonetic events in everyday talk: in particular about the ways in which participants in talk deploy general phonetic resources to accomplish specific interactional tasks. This is in part a consequence of the tendency of recent research on the phonological aspect of discourse to limit itself to ‘intonation’ as an area of primary interest. This work has moved away from the type of phonological analysis, such as that of Halliday (1967), that states intonational systems in terms of grammatically defined units or sentence types. Workers such as Brazil (1975, 1978, 1981), Brown, Currie and Kenworthy (1981), and Coulthard and Brazil (1981) have pursued Bolinger's suggestion that the relationship between intonation and grammar is ‘casual not causal’ and have sought to relate ‘intonation’ to discourse categories rather than to grammatical ones. These, and similar attempts to deal with aspects of discourse phonology, have suggested some organizational features which traditional linguistic accounts have not dealt with. On the whole, however, these recent attempts have been less than satisfactory for one or more of the following reasons.
6
Downing, Laura J. "Introduction." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 55 (January 1, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.55.2011.405.
Full textAbstract:
In spite of this long history, most work to date on the phonology-syntax interface in Bantu languages suffers from limitations, due to the range of expertise required: intonation, phonology, syntax. Quite generally, intonational studies on African languages are extremely rare. Most of the existing data has not been the subject of careful phonetic analysis, whether of the prosody of neutral sentences or of questions or other focus structures. There are important gaps in our knowledge of Bantu syntax which in turn limit our understanding of the phonology-syntax interface. Recent developments in syntactic theory have provided a new way of thinking about the type of syntactic information that phonology can refer to and have raised new questions: Do only syntactic constituent edges condition prosodic phrasing? Do larger domains such as syntactic phases, or even other factors, like argument and adjunct distinctions, play a role? Further, earlier studies looked at a limited range of syntactic constructions. Little research exists on the phonology of focus or of sentences with non-canonical word order in Bantu languages. Both the prosody and the syntax of complex sentences, questions and dislocations are understudied for Bantu languages. Our project aims to remedy these gaps in our knowledge by bringing together a research team with all the necessary expertise. Further, by undertaking the intonational, phonological and syntactic analysis of several languages we can investigate whether there is any correlation among differences in morphosyntactic and prosodic properties that might also explain differences in phrasing and intonation. It will also allow us to investigate whether there are cross-linguistically common prosodic patterns for particular morpho-syntactic structure.
7
Leben, William R. "D. Robert Ladd (1996). Intonational phonology. (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics 79.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. xv+334." Phonology 15, no. 1 (August 1998): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675798003546.
Full textAbstract:
Ladd's Intonational phonology is a substantial addition to an area that has only recently ‘arrived’. Fortunately for the field of intonational phonology, the past two decades have seen a number of seminal contributions from phonologists, including Mark Liberman, Gösta Bruce, Janet Pierrehumbert and Ladd himself. Work on intonation, which has advanced in sync with modern linguistic theory, can also look back on quite a number of rather specific studies by phoneticians and rather general descriptive accounts by linguists and English teachers on this continent and in Europe.The book's basic goal is to present the subject matter of intonational phonology to the non-specialist linguist. The material is not only summarised but also accompanied by critical comments. Ladd's goal of keeping the book accessible to the non-specialist may limit the depth of the presentation of the basic material and the definitiveness of the critical comments, but for many this will be a reasonable price to pay for breadth of coverage.
8
Arvaniti, Amalia, and D. Robert Ladd. "Greek wh-questions and the phonology of intonation." Phonology 26, no. 1 (May 2009): 43–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675709001717.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe intonation of Greek wh-questions consists of a rise-fall followed by a low plateau and a final rise. Using acoustic data, we show (i) that the exact contour shape depends on the length of the question, and (ii) that the position of the first peak and the low plateau depends on the position of the stressed syllables, and shows predictable adjustments in alignment, depending on the proximity of adjacent tonal targets. Models that specify the F0 of all syllables, or models that specify F0 by superposing contour shapes for shorter and longer domains, cannot account for such fine-grained lawful variation except by using ad hoc tonal specifications, which, in turn, do not allow for phonological generalisations about contours applying to utterances of greatly different lengths. In contrast, our findings follow easily from an autosegmental-metrical approach to intonational phonology, according to which melodies may contain long F0 stretches derived by interpolation between specified targets associated with metrically strong syllables and prosodic boundaries.
9
GUSSENHOVEN, CARLOS, and PETER VAN DER VLIET. "The phonology of tone and intonation in the Dutch dialect of Venlo." Journal of Linguistics 35, no. 1 (March 1999): 99–135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226798007324.
Full textAbstract:
The Dutch dialect of Venlo has a lexical tone opposition comparable to the distinction between Accent I and Accent II in Scandinavian. The two word tone patterns are realised in a variety of different ways, depending on the intonation contour, on whether the word has a focus tone, and on whether it occurs finally or nonfinally in the intonational phrase (IP). Twelve such contexts are identified, and an autosegmental-metrical analysis is presented of the contours for the word tones in each of these. The analysis is instructive because of its clear illustration of the distinction between the phonological underlying representation and the phonological surface representation, as well as of the distinction between the latter representation and the phonetic realisation. In addition, because of the complexity of its tonal phonology, the dialect is of considerable typological interest for the study of word prosody and intonation.
10
Hualde, José Ignacio, and Armin Schwegler. "Intonation in Palenquero." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 23, no. 1 (April 18, 2008): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.23.1.02hua.
Full textAbstract:
The least understood aspect of Palenquero phonology is its intonational system. This is a serious gap, as it is precisely in the realm of prosody that the most striking phonological differences between Palenquero and (Caribbean) Spanish are apparent. Although several authors have speculated that African influence may be at the source of Palenquero’s peculiar intonation, to date published research offers no detailed information about the intonation of the creole. The goal of this study is to remedy this situation. Here we identify several specific intonational features where conservative (or older-generation) Palenquero differs from (Caribbean) Spanish. One of these features is a strong tendency to use invariant word-level contours, with a H tone on the stressed syllable and L tones on unstressed syllables, in all sentential contexts, including prenuclear positions. A second feature that we have identified is the use of a sustained phrase-final high or mid level contour in declaratives accented on the final syllable, and a long fall in declaratives accented on the penult. The final section addresses the issue of the possible origin of these intonational features. We point out similarities with Equatorial Guinea Spanish and conclude that, at some point in the history of Palenquero, the Spanish prosodic system was interpreted as involving lexical tone, in conformity with claims in the literature regarding several Atlantic creoles.
11
Zhang, Lawrence. "Awareness-Raising in the TEFL Phonology Classroom." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 145-146 (2004): 219–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/itl.145.0.562915.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reports on two phases of a study of a group of advanced TEFL (teachers-of-English-as-a-foreign-language) students. To raise their awareness of the importance of discourse intonation while they were receiving teacher training, this study focuses on examining their sociocultural and psychological inclinations in the choice of phonological models. The first phase is an exploration of their attitudes toward, a native-speaker variety (British English) and a nonnative (Chinese EFL-speaker) variety of English pronunciation and intonation. The second reports on a didactic intervention study of the impact of activities that engaged the students in the awareness-raising of the importance of suprasegmental features, especially discourse intonation, on self-perceptions of their efficacy and confidence in communication. The results showed a systematic pattern of participant endorsement for a native-speaker model and a clear improvement in theIr perceptions of the importance of suprasegmental features of standard English because of teacher-student co-construction of meaning through interactive awareness-raising activities. The findings are discussed with reference to the students' sociocultural and psychological needs in TEFL training, particularly with reference to recent academic discourse on the issue of “linguistic imperialism” (Canagarajah, 1999; Phillipson, 1992, 1996) and ElL in pedagogy (Jenkins, 1998, 2002) and their wider implications in typical EFL contexts.
12
Vigário, Marina, and Sónia Frota. "The intonation of Standard and Northern European Portuguese: A comparative intonational phonology approach." Journal of Portuguese Linguistics 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2003): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/jpl.31.
Full text
13
Cichocki, Wladyslaw, Dafydd Gibbon, and Helmut Richter. "Intonation, Accent and Rhythm: Studies in Discourse Phonology." Language 62, no. 2 (June 1986): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/414696.
Full text
14
Tench, Paul. "Carlos Gussenhoven. The phonology of tone and intonation." Functions of Language 14, no. 2 (December 7, 2007): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.14.2.10ten.
Full text
15
Mary E. Beckman. "The phonology of tone and intonation (review)." Language 84, no. 3 (2008): 641–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.0.0031.
Full text
16
Farhan, Mahmood Atiya, and Huda Abed Ali Hattab. "Figuring Out the Intended Meaning of Intonation in Some English Conversational Utterances." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 213, no. 1 (November 11, 2018): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v213i1.645.
Full textAbstract:
The study aims at figuring out the intended meaning of intonation in some English conversational utterances together with identifying pitch variations that are determined by various syntactic constructions that impart the same illocutionary force of utterances. However, intonation is needed to delimit the communicative forces of utterances by virtue of its structure which the speakers intend to convey .This paper consists of four sections .Section one deals with phonology and its types .Section two discusses intonation in relation to style , forms and functions. Section three sheds some light on pragmatics. Section four deals in details with the intended meaning of intonation in some English conversational utterances. This paper comes up with meanings that are changed by virtue of ranges of intonation and pragmatics changes emotions from one person to another by rising or falling the voice of the speakers. In addition, the intended meaning function of intonation plays a role in determining the emotions of the speaker by ranges of intonation.
17
Downing, Laura J. "Questions in Bantu languages: prosodies and positions." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 55 (January 1, 2011): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.55.2011.404.
Full textAbstract:
The papers in this volume were originally presented at the Workshop on Bantu Wh-questions, held at the Institut des Sciences de l’Homme, Université Lyon 2, on 25-26 March 2011, which was organized by the French-German cooperative project on the Phonology/Syntax Interface in Bantu Languages (BANTU PSYN). This project, which is funded by the ANR and the DFG, comprises three research teams, based in Berlin, Paris and Lyon. The Berlin team, at the ZAS, is: Laura Downing (project leader) and Kristina Riedel (post-doc). The Paris team, at the Laboratoire de phonétique et phonologie (LPP; UMR 7018), is: Annie Rialland (project leader), Cédric Patin (Maître de Conférences, STL, Université Lille 3), Jean-Marc Beltzung (post-doc), Martial Embanga Aborobongui (doctoral student), Fatima Hamlaoui (post-doc). The Lyon team, at the Dynamique du Langage (UMR 5596) is: Gérard Philippson (project leader) and Sophie Manus (Maître de Conférences, Université Lyon 2). These three research teams bring together the range of theoretical expertise necessary to investigate the phonology-syntax interface: intonation (Patin, Rialland), tonal phonology (Aborobongui, Downing, Manus, Patin, Philippson, Rialland), phonology-syntax interface (Downing, Patin) and formal syntax (Riedel, Hamlaoui). They also bring together a range of Bantu language expertise: Western Bantu (Aboronbongui, Rialland), Eastern Bantu (Manus, Patin, Philippson, Riedel), and Southern Bantu (Downing).
18
Sukarto, Aprilia Ruby Wikarti, Elizabeth Renata, and Silvia Moira. "Contrastive Analysis between Chinese and Indonesian Phonology and Implementation on Conversation Class." International Journal of Culture and Art Studies 3, no. 1 (September 29, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijcas.v3i1.1390.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to find out the phonological characteristics of Indonesian Language and Mandarin language, their impact and application in learning Chinese conversations. This study will use descriptive comparative methods and surveys. Based on the data obtained, there are differences in the pronunciation of single Indonesian and Chinese vowels, namely vowel [y], [ɣ], [i]. Mandarin has triftong, which is [iou], [iao]. The consonants of Indonesian and Mandarin have similarities, but the pronunciation is different. The consonant of Indonesian is not distinguished from no aspirations and aspirations, based on no voices and voices. In suprasegmental features, such as tons, intonation, pressure, pauses, Mandarin is one of the tonal languages, whereas Indonesian is not a tonal language. In Indonesian, the pressure functions to distinguish meaning in the sentence level, but does not distinguish meaning at the word level. Whereas in Mandarin, the pressure is divided into word pressure and sentence pressure. In Indonesian, intonation plays an important role when distinguishing the meaning of sentences. Whereas in Mandarin, the rules for pronunciation of intonation are not strict. Pause in Indonesian and Mandarin, marked by the use of signs. The results of this study can help teachers determine and use appropriate learning techniques so that they can help, facilitate the needs, demands, and goals of students in pronunciation.
19
Bassiri, Mohammad Amin. "Intonation Patterns and Their Place in Teaching Pronunciation for Azeri-Speaking English language Learners." Studies in English Language Teaching 1, no. 1 (February 2, 2013): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v1n1p100.
Full textAbstract:
Although there has always been controversies around the importance of two levels of phonology<br />(segmental and suprasegmental) in language teaching history, today there is a general consensus that<br />both levels of phonology (segmental and suprasegmental) should be taken into consideration to reach<br />the goals of pronunciation instruction. However time shortage is a factor that forces us as teachers to<br />set priorities and be selective of materials that have more crucial role in understanding and being<br />understood than others both in segmental and suprasegmental level. Our touchstone in this way is the<br />degree to which these features affect the comprehensibility of materials. The current study examined the<br />degree to which intonation patterns affect comprehensibility. The results of the study supported the<br />initial prediction that Intonation patterns play no crucial role in pronunciation teaching to impede<br />comprehension.
20
Byrd, Dani, and Jelena Krivokapić. "Cracking Prosody in Articulatory Phonology." Annual Review of Linguistics 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-030920-050033.
Full textAbstract:
Articulatory Phonology advances an account of phonological structure in which dynamically defined vocal tract tasks—gestures—are simultaneously and isomorphically units of cognitive representation and units of physical action. This paradigm has fundamentally altered our understanding of the linguistic representation of words. This article reviews the relatively recent incorporation of prosody into Articulatory Phonology. A capsule review of the Articulatory Phonology theoretical framework is presented, and the notions of phrasal and prominence organization are introduced as the key aspects of linguistic prosodic structure under consideration. Parameter dynamics, activation dynamics, and prosodic modulation gestures, such as the π-gesture, are outlined. The review is extended to touch on rhythm, intonation, and pauses and to consider innovations for integrating multiple aspects of prosodic structure under this dynamical approach. Finally, a range of questions emerges, crystallizing outstanding issues ranging from the abstract and theoretical to the interactive and functional.
21
Calet, Nuria, María Flores, Gracia Jiménez-Fernández, and Sylvia Defior. "Habilidades fonológicas suprasegmentales y desarrollo lector en niños de educación primaria." Anales de Psicología 32, no. 1 (December 25, 2015): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.32.1.216221.
Full textAbstract:
Recent literature research has shown the influence of suprasegmental phonology (the awareness of prosodic features such as stress, timing, and intonation) on literacy acquisition. However, the majority of these studies have been carried out in English. Moreover, the lexical level has been the most explored component. The current study analyzes the relationship between suprasegmental phonology skills and reading development in 92 Spanish primary-school children of 5thgrade. Vocabulary, phonological awareness, suprasegmental skills (lexical- and metrical-stress sensitivity, and non-linguistic rhythm) along with reading aloud and reading comprehension were assessed. Results suggest that suprasegmental phonology predicts a significative amount of variance in reading once phonological awareness and vocabulary were controlled. Furthermore, the components of suprasegmental skills (lexical- and metrical-stress sensitivity, and non-linguistic rhythm) have different relationships with reading skills.
22
Gut, Ulrike. "Nigerian English prosody." English World-Wide 26, no. 2 (June 14, 2005): 153–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.26.2.03gut.
Full textAbstract:
Nigerian English (NigE) prosody has often been described as strikingly different from Standard English varieties such as British English (BrE) and American English. One possible source for this is the influence of the indigenous tone languages of Nigeria on NigE. This paper investigates the effects of the language contact between the structurally diverse prosodic systems of English and the three major Nigerian languages. Reading passage style and semi-spontaneous speech by speakers of NigE, BrE, Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba were analysed acoustically in terms of speech rhythm, syllable structure and tonal structure. Results show that NigE prosody combines elements of intonation / stress languages and tone languages. In terms of speech rhythm, syllable structure and syllable length, NigE groups between the Nigerian languages and BrE. NigE tonal properties are different from those of an intonation language such as BrE insofar as tones are associated with syllables and have a grammatical function. Accentuation in NigE is different from BrE in terms of both accent placement and realisation; accents in NigE are associated with high tone. A proposal for a first sketch of NigE intonational phonology is made and parallels are drawn with other New Englishes.
23
Downing, Laura J., Annie Rialland, Cédric Patin, and Kristina Riedel. "Introduction." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 53 (January 1, 2010): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.53.2010.389.
Full textAbstract:
The papers in this volume were originally presented at the Bantu Relative Clause workshop held in Paris on 8-9 January 2010, which was organized by the French-German cooperative project on the Phonology/Syntax Interface in Bantu Languages (BANTU PSYN). This project, which is funded by the ANR and the DFG, comprises three research teams, based in Berlin, Paris and Lyon. [...] This range of expertise is essential to realizing the goals of our project. Because Bantu languages have a rich phrasal phonology, they have played a central role in the development of theories of the phonology-syntax interface ever since the seminal work from the 1970s on Chimwiini (Kisseberth & Abasheikh 1974) and Haya (Byarushengo et al. 1976). Indeed, half the papers in Inkelas & Zec’s (1990) collection of papers on the phonology-syntax interface deal with Bantu languages. They have naturally played an important role in current debates comparing indirect and direct reference theories of the phonology-syntax interface. Indirect reference theories (e.g., Nespor & Vogel 1986; Selkirk 1986, 1995, 2000, 2009; Kanerva 1990; Truckenbrodt 1995, 1999, 2005, 2007) propose that phonology is not directly conditioned by syntactic information. Rather, the interface is mediated by phrasal prosodic constituents like Phonological Phrase and Intonation Phrase, which need not match any syntactic constituent. In contrast, direct reference theories (e.g., Kaisse 1985; Odden 1995, 1996; Pak 2008; Seidl 2001) argue that phrasal prosodic constituents are superfluous, as phonology can – indeed, must – refer directly to syntactic structure.
24
Escandell-Vidal, Victoria. "Intonation and Evidentiality in Spanish Polar Interrogatives." Language and Speech 60, no. 2 (June 2017): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830917698178.
Full textAbstract:
Three different nuclear pitch accents can be found in Castilian Spanish polar interrogatives. In addition to the ‘canonical’ low-rise pattern, there are two marked interrogative contours featuring high-rise and rise–fall pitch accents. The aim of this paper is to explain how each contour contributes to the interpretation of the utterance in which they occur. I argue that this contribution is to be sought at the semantic, not at the pragmatic-illocutionary, attitudinal-level. My proposal is that the low-rise contour is the expression of unspecified sentence polarity (corresponding to the interrogative operator), whereas the two marked contours add indications about the information source—that is, they encode evidential distinctions. The high-rise pattern indicates that the Self is the source of the information; the rise–fall tone indicates that Other is the source. The whole range of pragmatic interpretations that have been described in the literature can be easily accommodated into the present proposal as inferential developments of the encoded meaning together with contextual information. This view has implications for a theory of interrogatives, for the phonology of intonation and for the articulation of the semantics/pragmatics interface.
25
Sunday, Adesina B. "Compound stress in Nigerian English." English Today 27, no. 3 (August 18, 2011): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607841100037x.
Full textAbstract:
Of all the levels of linguistic analysis, it is at the phonological level that differences in the dialects of a language are more easily noticed (Ogu, 1992: 82). The phonology of a language can be investigated at two sub-levels: segmental and suprasegmental. Investigating the segmental micro-level entails looking at phonemes – the vowels and the consonants. Suprasegmentals are linguistically significant elements that go beyond individual segments, and include syllable, tone, stress, rhythm and intonation.
26
Wells, Bill, and Sue Peppé. "Intonation Abilities of Children With Speech and Language Impairments." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 46, no. 1 (February 2003): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2003/001).
Full textAbstract:
Intonation has been little studied in children with speech and language impairments, although deficits in related aspects of prosody have been hypothesized to underlie specific language impairment. In this study a new intonation battery, the Profiling Elements of Prosodic Systems-Child version (PEPS-C), was administered to 18 children with speech and/or language impairments (LI). PEPS-C comprises 16 tasks (8 x 8, Input x Output) tapping phonetic and functional aspects of intonation in four areas: grammar, affect, interaction, and pragmatics. Scores were compared to a chronological age (CA) matched group of 28 children and a group of 18 children matched for language comprehension (LC). Measures of language comprehension, expressive language, nonverbal intelligence, and segmental phonology were also taken. The LI group did not score significantly below the LC group on any PEPS-C task. On 5 of 16 tasks, the LI group scored significantly lower than the CA group. In the LI group, there were just 2 significant correlations between a PEPS-C task and 1 of the nonprosodic measures. The results support the view that intonation is relatively discrete from other levels of speech and language while suggesting some specific areas of possible vulnerability: auditory memory for longer prosodic strings and the use of prosody for pragmatic/interactional purposes.
27
O’Grady, Gerard. "Review of Ladd (2008): Intonational phonology & Cheng, Greaves & Warren (2008): A corpus-driven study of discourse intonation." Functions of Language 17, no. 2 (December 2, 2010): 276–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.17.2.08ogr.
Full text
28
Crowther, Dustin, Pavel Trofimovich, Kazuya Saito, and Talia Isaacs. "LINGUISTIC DIMENSIONS OF L2 ACCENTEDNESS AND COMPREHENSIBILITY VARY ACROSS SPEAKING TASKS." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 40, no. 2 (August 22, 2017): 443–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s027226311700016x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis study critically examined the previously reported partial independence between second language (L2) accentedness (degree to which L2 speech differs from the target variety) and comprehensibility (ease of understanding). In prior work, comprehensibility was linked to multiple linguistic dimensions of L2 speech (phonology, fluency, lexis, grammar) whereas accentedness was narrowly associated with L2 phonology. However, these findings stemmed from a single task (picture narrative), suggesting that task type could affect the particular linguistic measures distinguishing comprehensibility from accentedness. To address this limitation, speech ratings of 10 native listeners assessing 60 speakers of L2 English in three tasks (picture narrative, IELTS, TOEFL) were analyzed, targeting two global ratings (accentedness, comprehensibility) and 10 linguistic measures (segmental and word stress accuracy, intonation, rhythm, speech rate, grammatical accuracy and complexity, lexical richness and complexity, discourse richness). Linguistic distinctions between accentedness and comprehensibility were less pronounced in the cognitively complex task (TOEFL), with overlapping sets of phonology, lexis, and grammar variables contributing to listener ratings of accentedness and comprehensibility. This finding points to multifaceted, task-specific relationships between these two constructs.
29
Sara, Solomon I. "Phonetics and phonology 1949–1989." Historiographia Linguistica 17, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1990): 211–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.17.1-2.15sar.
Full textAbstract:
Summary Phonetics and Phonology have had noticeable developments in the last forty years: phonetics from the articulatory descriptions of sounds of Pike’s Phonetics (1943), to a physiological set of distinctive features of Chomsky & Halle’s The Sound Pattern of English (1968); the acoustic displays of Potter’s Visible Speech (1947) to a set of acoustic distinctive features in Jakobson, Fant, Halle’s Preliminaries (1951). Suprasegmental characterizations have developed from impressionistic labels of tone, stress, length and intonation to an experimentally quantifiable set of parameters characterizing these aspects of speech in a unified manner in Lehiste’s Suprasegmentals (1970). Phonology progressed from the autonomous to the integrated, and from the structural to the transformational/generative, from Pike’s Phonemics (1947), and Trubetzkoy’s Grundzüge (1939) to a complex system of levels/tiers/strata that represent speech in a more detailed, holistic and integrated manner. Current approaches recognize not only the features and segments of the speech continuum, but the rules that organize these into the phonological system. Approaches to the explanation of this organization have been many: the segmental/sequential approach of American phonemicists, Praguian phonologists and early generativists developed into a phonological component that consists of segments, organized into syllables that pattern into rhythmic feet which constitute the geometry of the sequence as a multi level/tier/stratum. These developments are all considered generative, but labelled Natural-Generative, Autosegmental-Genera-tive, Non-Linear-Generative, Metrical-Generative, etc. ‘Generative’ is kept to maintain the twin characteristics of being integrated and rule governed. There has been a shift in the paradigm: from segments to features and from structural to transformational with significant developments in both paradigms in the last forty years.
30
Steriopolo, Olena. "SEGMENTAL AND SUPRASEGMENTAL PHONETICS OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 30 (March 2020): 166–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-30-11.
Full textAbstract:
The article is dedicated to the study of the current state of segmental and suprasegmental phonetics and phonology of the Ukrainian language reviewed from the recent comparative investigations. In the focus of the research there is the analysis of phonemes’ syntagmatics and paradigmatics as well as the survey of the word stress realizations and the peculiarities of Ukrainian intonation as contrasted to German. The phonetical and phonological peculiar features of sound system and structural types of syllables in Ukrainian are also analyzed. Besides, Ukrainian word stress and intonation are studied as well as the phonetic realization of Aesop’s fable “The Sun and the Wind”. The research has been focused on the functioning of phonemes in the strong and weak position, in stressed and unstressed syllables. The typological discrepancies on the segmental and suprasegmental levels have been made distinct. The peculiarities of transcribing and transliterating Ukrainian texts in German have also been studied. The following conclusions have been arrived at. Ukrainian intonation differs from German intonation by the melody of interrogative sentences. The most relevant words in the utterance, the so-called semantic centres, are tonically realized at the highest pitch level with the subsequent fall, the intensity is maximum. The semantic centre in the Ukrainian texts under investigation is in the final part of the utterances, while in spontaneous speech the position of the centre may vary.
31
Ota, Mitsuhiko. "The Development of Lexical Pitch Accent Systems: An Autosegmental Analysis." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 48, no. 3-4 (December 2003): 357–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100000700.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis article presents an autosegmental analysis of the development of pitch phonology in Swedish and Japanese, which mark both lexical accent and phrasing through movements in fundamental frequency (F0). Predictions that follow from the autosegmental model are tested against spontaneous production data from child Japanese. In support of the analysis that lexical pitch accent and phrasal intonation are acquired as separate sequences of tonal features, the falling and rising slopes of F0 contours are shown to develop independently. The late emergence of the phrase-initial rise is attributable to the allophonic surface realisation of the low boundary tone. Moreover, developments in contour shapes are characterised by demarcated emergence of F0 turning points that are aligned with specific segments, providing further support for the view that pitch phonology is acquired as strings of tonal units associated with segments and prosodic constituents.
32
Gut, Ulrike. "Phonological development in different learning contexts." Segmental, prosodic and fluency features in phonetic learner corpora 3, no. 2 (December 4, 2017): 196–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.3.2.05gut.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper examines the effect of learning context on the improvement of some L2 phonological parameters. Based on the Learning Prosody corpus (LeaP), it investigates the speech of 29 learners with various L1s who were recorded before and after either (i) a six to nine-month stay abroad, (ii) a six-month training course in the target language phonology or (iii) a stay abroad that included instruction in the L2 phonology. Quantitative corpus analyses were carried out on the learners’ vowel reduction, intonation and on their oral fluency. Results showed gains for all learner groups in pitch range, vowel reduction and fluency, but only one significant gain for the training course participants (group 2) as compared to the stay abroad groups. Qualitative corpus analyses revealed the pronounced variation across individual learners and suggest an intricate interplay between speaking styles and learning contexts.
33
Li, Xiaqing. "Application of Radial Categories to the Second Language Learning of Chinese Learners." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 5 (May 17, 2016): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0605.09.
Full textAbstract:
As a relatively new discipline which raised in the 20th century Cognitive linguistics has gradually become the mainstream in the development of recent decades. In cognitive linguistics some major theories related with language teaching and learning are construal, categorization, encyclopedic knowledge, symbol, metaphor, and metonymy. In this paper being based on the theory of radial categories the author turns attention to second language learning to explore implications of performance of vocabulary, morphemes, grammar rules, phonology, and intonation in radial categories in the second language learning.
34
Mashauri, Michael A. "The Interface between Morphology, Phonology and Semantics in Standard Swahili Compound Nouns." Utafiti 13, no. 2 (March 18, 2018): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26836408-01302002.
Full textAbstract:
This article serves two purposes: firstly, it demonstrates the use of a constraints approach in dealing with certain aspects of Swahili. Secondly it is shown that this approach gives a clearer picture than is usually afforded of the interface of grammatical modules in forming Swahili compound nouns. Specifically this analysis will focus on the interaction between morphology, phonology and semantics in forming compounds, showing how stress, vowel length, and intonation (phonology) interact with morphology (in compounding operation) and with the meaning constraints in forming optimal compound nouns. It is argued here that optimality theory (OT) serves best in accounting for the interaction phenomena between more than two modules. Further, these considerations heuristically suggest that the constraints approach, based upon OT, might be productively employed by researchers for investigation in other fields of study across the humanities such as sociolinguistics and cultural studies involving complex communication and preservation of meaning content.
35
Rao, Rajiv, and Sandro Sessarego. "The intonation of Chota Valley Spanish: Contact-induced phenomena at the discourse-phonology interface." Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 11, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 163–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/shll-2018-0006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study offers a prosodic analysis of broad focus declarative sentences in Chota Valley Spanish (CVS), an Afro-Hispanic dialect of Ecuador. Findings indicate that its phonological inventory of pitch accents and phrase boundary tones appears to be significantly simplified in comparison to what has been reported for other native, non-contact varieties of Spanish. In particular, we observe a strong tendency in CVS toward duplicating nuclear and prenuclear pitch accents, as well as phrase boundary tones. We analyze these results in terms of contact-induced phenomena related to a process of first language acquisition of advanced second language acquisition strategies, which appear to be hampered by processability constraints applying at the discourse-phonology interface. The study’s implications are discussed with respect to the debate concerning the origins of this dialect and several other Afro-Hispanic Languages of the Americas.
36
Jun, Sun-Ah. "The Accentual Phrase in the Korean prosodic hierarchy." Phonology 15, no. 2 (December 1998): 189–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675798003571.
Full textAbstract:
A universal characteristic of speech is that utterances are generally broken down phonologically into smaller phrases which are marked by suprasegmental features such as intonational events and/or final lengthening. Moreover, phrases can be further divided into smaller-sized constituents. These constituents of varying size, or ‘prosodic units’, are typically characterised as performing the dual function of marking a unit of information and forming the domain of application of phonological rules. However, there is less agreement about how prosodic units are defined in generating an utterance. There are at least two different approaches (for a general review, see Shattuck-Hufnagel & Turk 1996). One approach posits that prosodic constituents are hierarchically organised and that prosodic constituents larger than a word are derived indirectly from the syntactic structure by referring to the edge of a maximal projection (Selkirk 1986), to the head–complement relation (Nespor & Vogel 1986) or to the c-command relation (Hayes 1989). This position, which I call the SYNTACTIC APPROACH, has been called the Prosodic Hierarchy theory, Prosodic Phonology or the Indirect Syntactic Approach (Selkirk 1984, 1986, Nespor & Vogel 1986, Hayes 1989).The other position, which I call the INTONATIONAL APPROACH, also assumes a hierarchical prosodic structure, but defines the prosodic units larger than a word based on the surface phonetic form of an utterance by looking at suprasegmental features such as intonation and final lengthening (e.g. Beckman & Pierrehumbert 1986, Pierrehumbert & Beckman 1988, Jun 1993, Beckman 1996). Both approaches assume a prosodic hierarchy in which prosodic units are hierarchically organised and obey the Strict Layer Hypothesis (Selkirk 1984, 1986, Nespor & Vogel 1986; a prosodic unit of a given level of the hierarchy is composed of one or more units of the immediately lower prosodic unit, and is exhaustively contained in the superordinate unit of which it is a part). The prosodic units which are higher than a word, and which are commonly assumed by proponents of the syntactic approach, are the Phonological Phrase and the Intonation Phrase, while those assumed by the intonational approach are the Accentual Phrase, the Intermediate Phrase and the Intonation Phrase. The prosodic units below the Phonological Phrase, i.e. the Syllable, Foot and Prosodic Word, do not differ much in the two approaches, since these units have more fixed roles vis-à-vis syntax or intonation.The intonational unit corresponding to the Phonological Phrase is the Intermediate Phrase in English (Beckman & Pierrehumbert 1986) or the Accentual Phrase in Korean (Jun 1993), in that these are the units immediately higher than a Word. The Phonological Phrase is defined based on the syntactic structure, but the intonational units are defined by intonational markers. The Intermediate Phrase in English is the domain of downstep, and is delimited by a phrase accent, H- or L-; the Accentual Phrase in standard (Seoul) Korean is demarcated by a phrase-final High tone. The next higher level, the Intonation Phrase, is much more similar in the two approaches. Even though the proponents of the syntactic approach define this level in terms of syntax (e.g. a sister node of a root sentence), they claim that this level is the domain of the intonational contour and is sensitive to semantic factors (Selkirk 1980, 1984, 1986, Nespor & Vogel 1986). In this paper, we will focus on the prosodic level corresponding to the Phonological Phrase.
37
Rao, Rajiv, and Emily Kuder. "Investigaciones sobre la fonética y la fonología del español como lengua de herencia: implicaciones pedagógicas y curriculares." Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research 5, no. 2 (July 15, 2016): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.7821/naer.2016.7.171.
Full textAbstract:
<p class="AbstractText">This paper creates a novel link between research on linguistics and education by discussing what we know about the sound system of heritage language users of Spanish and how these findings can inform practices implemented in heritage Spanish courses in the USA. First, we provide an overview of terminology associated with heritage language research, situating heritage Spanish programs within the educational context of the USA, and explaining why heritage Spanish phonetics and phonology remain relatively unexplored. Next, we delve into previous linguistic research on the heritage Spanish sound system in terms of individual vowels and consonants, as well as at the level of intonation, rhythm, and stress, while highlighting any observed differences between the system of heritage Spanish and those of Spanish speakers of other backgrounds. Finally, motivated by the phonetic/phonological insight of previous work, in addition to existing pedagogical and curricular research on heritage Spanish, we consider how and why the inclusion of specific types of sound-system-based commentary and practice in the educational experience of heritage users of Spanish could be beneficial.</p>
38
M.Pd., Drs Musta’in,, and Wildan Isna Asyhar, M.Pd. "Best Practice: A Video Mediated Teaching of Phonology." EDULINK EDUCATION AND LINGUISTICS KNOWLEDGE JOURNAL 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/edulink.v3i1.1506.
Full textAbstract:
A narrative inquiry as the approach of qualitative research is conducted in this research to know how the implementation of a video as a teaching media of Phonology and what the problems that the students face in using a video as the learning media of Phonology. This research involves 28 students of the second grade. The subject of research is the students of an English department in Education of UNISKA Kediri. The result is that there are four categorized problems that students face. Students felt that; (1) a native speaker in the video speaks too fast; (2) the pronunciation is unclear; (3) there are some new words or terms; (4) it is difficult to imitate the intonation and stressing of a word and sentence. However, the students can solve problems. Besides that, they get some advantages their ability in some aspects and are aware of the current issue; (1) the first is that the video is easy accessible; (2) the second one is that the video also is appropriate with the current issue so the students, beside learn about phonology, also aware of the current issue; (3) the other one is the students can learn and practice whenever with (out) the guidance of the lecturer; (4) the last advantage that we can offer is the students can listen the native speaker easily because they can play back the video when they cannot catch the word or meaning.
39
Almeida, Evelyn, and Anna Shkivera. "Dialect Analysis of English." INNOVA Research Journal 2, no. 8 (August 30, 2017): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33890/innova.v2.n8.2017.264.
Full textAbstract:
The main purpose of this article is to understand better the phonology of a region/socioeconomic variety of English based on two recording from the International Dialects of English Archieve website (IDEA). As Hansen, Yapanel, Huang, & Ikeno (2004) state, “Every individual develops a characteristic speaking style at an early age that depends heavily on his language environment (i.e., the native language), as well as the region where the language is spoken†(p.1). In this study, we want to analyze how the speaker’s pronunciation of English sounds is different from the English we know (American English) and how their intonation differs from the intonation patterns with which we are familiar. Finally, we want to analyze if the speaker’s profile (age, education, gender, experience with English, and socioeconomic background) influence in their English pronunciation. For this study, we transcribed the recording in a written and a phonetic form using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and then we conducted a comparative analysis.KEYWORDS: Dialect analysis, Standard, English, Phonetic transcription
40
Suciati, Suciati, and Yuniar Diyanti. "Suprasegmental Features of Indonesian Students’ English Pronunciation and the Pedagogical Implication." SAGA: Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics 2, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21460/saga.2020.21.62.
Full textAbstract:
This minor study aims at describing learners’ features of pronunciation in terms of their suprasegmental aspects found in their speech. Students were asked to read aloud a text entitled The Gorilla Joke from the © BBC British Council 2006. Students oral narrations were then analysed in terms of their intonation pattern and stress assignment in sentence level. A metrical analysis was also used to show how students produced their speech rhythm. The result of the analysis shows that given the same text to read students may produce various combination of intonation patterns. Students also misplaced stress within the syllables or assigned no stress at all. Based on the metrical phonology analysis, learners did not assign foot timely based on the timing units in connected speeches. The speech production is more like a broken speech. Students also neglected the morphophonemics rules in which they did not produce the appropriate allomorphs [t], [d], and [id] in the past participle words. These features bring about some pedagogical implication.
Keywords: student’ pronunciation features, suprasegmental aspects
41
Zwicky, Arnold M., Ellen M. Kaisse, Kenneth Hale, and Elisabeth Selkirk. "Government and tonal phrasing in Papago." Phonology Yearbook 4, no. 1 (May 1987): 151–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675700000804.
Full textAbstract:
The intonation contour of a Papago sentence is entirely predictable on the basis of its surface syntactic structure. It consists of a sequence of instances of the pattern (L)HL. For example, one Papago sentence may manifest a single (L)HL pattern, as in (I):while another will show repetitions of the canonical tonal shape, as in (2):Our task in this paper will be to characterise the distribution of the (L)HL pattern in Papago sentences. Our analysis is that the phonological representation of a sentence of Papago consists of a sequence of one or more tonal phrases, and that (L)HL is the pattern assigned to a tonal phrase. This tonal phrasing - i.e. the beginnings and ends of individual tonal phrases - will be indicated by parentheses in the tonal tier, as in (1) and (2). The association of the (L)HL pattern within each tonal phrase is captured by simple rules of the phonology, to be described in §2. Thus the description of the syntax of Papago intonation contours will centre on the tonal phrasing itself, and on the manner in which it is determined with respect to surface syntactic structure.
42
Abdelrahim, Azza A. M. "Improving Speaker’s Use of Segmental and Suprasegmental Features of L2 Speech." International Journal of English Linguistics 10, no. 5 (July 17, 2020): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v10n5p203.
Full textAbstract:
Unlike L1 acquisition, which is based on automatic acquisition, L2 adult learners’ acquisition of English phonology is based on mental reflection and processing of information. There is a limited investigation of L2 phonology research exploring the contribution of the cognitive/theoretical part of pronunciation training. The study reports on the use of online collaborative reflection for improving students’ use of English segmental and suprasegmental features of L2 speech. Ninety participants at the tertiary level at Tabuk university in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia were divided into two groups which used an online instruction. The only difference between the instruction of the experimental group and the control group is that the experimental group spent part of the time of instruction on collaborative reflection, while the control group spent this time on routine activities without using collaborative reflection (but all other activities were the same). The results showed that the online collaborative reflection improved the pronunciation of the experimental group. The learners learned the pronunciation of the major segmentals (e.g., vowels, consonants, diphthongs), minor segmentals (e.g., the way of articulation), and the suprasegmental features (e.g., intonation, stress). The results also showed that students perceived the online collaborative reflection as a helpful means in improving their use of L2 English phonology features. The findings have important implications and contribute to our theoretical knowledge of second language acquisition and L2 phonetics instruction research.
43
GUSSENHOVEN, CARLOS, and MARCO VAN DE VEN. "Categorical perception of lexical tone contrasts and gradient perception of the statement–question intonation contrast in Zhumadian Mandarin." Language and Cognition 12, no. 4 (April 28, 2020): 614–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2020.14.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTWe intended to establish if two lexical tone contrasts in Zhumadian Mandarin, one between early and late aligned falls and another between early and late aligned rises, are perceived categorically, while the difference between declarative and interrogative pronunciations of these four tones is perceived gradiently. Presenting stimuli from 7-point acoustic continua between tones and between intonations, we used an identification task and a discrimination task with an experimental group of native listeners and a control group of Indonesian listeners, whose language employs none of the differences within either the falling or the rising pitch contours in its phonology. Only the lexical condition as perceived by the experimental group yielded sigmoid identification functions and a heightened discriminatory sensitivity around the midpoint of continua. The intonational condition in the native group and both conditions in the control group yielded gradient identification functions and smaller, reverse effects of the continuum midpoints in the discrimination task. The results are interpreted to mean that sentence modality contrasts can be expressed gradiently, but that lexical tone differences are represented phonologically, and hence are perceived categorically, despite low phonetic salience of the contrast. This conclusion challenges assumptions about the relation between linguistic functions and linguistic structures.
44
Uguru, Joy Oluchi. "Ika Igbo." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 45, no. 2 (July 20, 2015): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100315000067.
Full textAbstract:
Ika is a dialect of the Igbo language spoken in Ika South and Ika North East Local Government Areas of Delta State and the Igbanke area of Edo State in Nigeria. It belongs to the Niger Igbo cluster of dialects (Ikekeonwu 1986) spoken in areas bordering the west of the River Niger; Nwaozuzu (2008) refers to these dialects as West Niger Group of Dialects. A word list of Ika, written by Williamson (1968), was one of the earliest works on Ika and she points out in that work that Ika (and Ukwuani), though regarded as dialects of Igbo, are treated as separate on purely linguistic grounds. Ika phonology differs from that of Standard Igbo and other Igbo dialects and this is why the study of Ika has been of major interest to Igbo linguists in recent years. There have been moves to grant Ika a language status, as seen in the assignment of a unique reference code to Ika: the ISO language code for Ika is ISO 639–3 ikk while that for Igbo is ISO 639–3 ibo. Standard Igbo has the same consonants as Ika though the latter has two consonants, /ʃ/and/ʒ/, which do not exist in the Standard dialect. However, the vocalic system of Ika is largely different from that of Standard and some Igbo dialects which have eight vowels. Ika has a nine-vowel system which includes the schwa, which is a variant of some vowels. Furthermore, it has nine nasal vowels; Standard Igbo and other dialects of Igbo have no nasal vowels. Ika manifests intonation in addition to lexical tone. Standard Igbo and other Igbo dialects do not manifest intonation in the same way as Ika does; that is, they do not express attitudes and emotions through intonation. They manifest only lexical tone. In an earlier study of Northern Igbo dialects, Ikekeonwu (1986) could only discover the existence of upstep in Abakaliki dialect. Okorji (1991) and Egbeji (1999) have studied the intonation of Umuchu, an inland West dialect of Igbo. Their findings, particularly Egbeji’s, show that a declarative sentence can be changed to an interrogative one (repetitive question) by use of intonation. This is a syntactic function which can also be likened to what happens in Standard and most other Igbo dialects where the tone of the pronominal subject changes from high to low in the indication of interrogation. At present, therefore, there appears to be no evidence that attitudes and emotions can be expressed through intonation in Umuchu and other Igbo dialects as is observed in Ika.
45
Jun, Sun-Ah, and Xiannu Jiang. "Differences in prosodic phrasing in marking syntax vs. focus: Data from Yanbian Korean." Linguistic Review 36, no. 1 (February 23, 2019): 117–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tlr-2018-2009.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In studying the effect of syntax and focus on prosodic phrasing, the main issue of investigation has been to explain and predict the location of a prosodic boundary, and not much attention has been given to the nature of prosodic phrasing. In this paper, we offer evidence from intonation patterns of utterances that prosodic phrasing can be formed differently phonologically and phonetically due to its function of marking syntactic structure vs. focus (prominence) in Yanbian Korean, a lexical pitch accent dialect of Korean spoken in the northeastern part of China, just above North Korea. We show that the location of a H tone in syntax-marking Accentual Phrase (AP) is determined by the type of syntactic head, noun or verb (a VP is marked by an AP-initial H while an NP is marked by an AP-final H), while prominence-marking accentual phrasing is cued by AP-initial H. The difference in prosodic phrasing due to its dual function in Yanbian Korean is compared with that of Seoul Korean, and a prediction is made on the possibility of finding such difference in other languages based on the prosodic typology proposed in (Jun, Sun-Ah. 2014b. Prosodic typology: by prominence type, word prosody, and macro-rhythm. In Sun-Ah Jun (ed.), Prosodic Typology II: The Phonology of Intonation and Phrasing. 520–539. Oxford: Oxford University Press).
46
Bishop, Jason. "Caroline Féry (2017). Intonation and prosodic structure. (Key Topics in Phonology.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. xi + 374." Phonology 36, no. 1 (February 2019): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675719000071.
Full text
47
Byrd, Dani. "Pitch and duration of yes-no questions in Nchufie." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 22, no. 1-2 (June 1992): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300004552.
Full textAbstract:
This paper will present a preliminary phonetic description of yes-no questions in Nchufie (also known as Bafanji), a Grassfields Bantoid language of the Nun group in the Mbam-Nkam family spoken in Northwestern Cameroon by approximately 8,500 people (Grimes 1988). As there is no published description of this language, a very brief review of the Nchufie segment inventory will be in order. Following this, an instrumental description of the yes-no questions in the language will be presented, focusing on the prosodic cues of duration and pitch. Of special interest will be the interaction of intonation with lexical tone and the representation and cross-linguistic significance of Nchufie yes-no question formation. Below is a brief description of the phonetic segment inventory of Nchufie. Due to the complexities of Nchufie phonology and tonology, the following description should be considered preliminary only; the details are not well understood.
48
Robert Ladd, D. "Sun-Ah Jun (ed.) (2005). Prosodic typology: the phonology of intonation and phrasing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ix+462." Phonology 25, no. 2 (August 2008): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675708001516.
Full text
49
James, Allan R. "Prosodic structure in phonological acquisition." Interlanguage studies bulletin (Utrecht) 3, no. 2 (December 1987): 118–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765838700300203.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the acquisition of the prosodic characteristics of a second language in the light of the development of a target language phonological grammar. Prosodic characteristics are conventionally taken to refer to the intonation and accent patterns in a phonological system. However, nonlinear theories of phonology view the pitch and stress values of a language as defining a separate representation or component in a phonological grammar, i.e. the prosodic structure. A 'metrical' type model of prosodic structure is presented, in which the structural layers of a phonological hierarchy are characterized by the occurrence of particular contrastive (paradigmatic) features and particular phonetic (syntagmatic) effects at each unit-level. The course of acquisition of the prosodic structure of a second language is then shown to be describable in terms of the gradual development of target language values per unit-level of the hierarchy. Data from the L2 English of two L 1 Dutch speakers are examined by way of illustrating some of the claims of the model.
50
PRIETO, PILAR. "Carlos Gussenhoven, The phonology of tone and intonation (Research Surveys in Linguistics). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. xxiv+355." Journal of Linguistics 41, no. 3 (November 2005): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226705263636.
Full text