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1

Waligora, E. A., C. R. Fisher, N. J. Hanovice, A. Rodou, E. E. Wyckoff, and S. M. Payne. "Role of Intracellular Carbon Metabolism Pathways in Shigella flexneri Virulence." Infection and Immunity 82, no. 7 (April 14, 2014): 2746–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01575-13.

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ABSTRACTShigella flexneri, which replicates in the cytoplasm of intestinal epithelial cells, can use the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas, Entner-Doudoroff, or pentose phosphate pathway for glycolytic carbon metabolism. To determine which of these pathways is used by intracellularS. flexneri, mutants were constructed and tested in a plaque assay for the ability to invade, replicate intracellularly, and spread to adjacent epithelial cells. Mutants blocked in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (pfkABandpykAFmutants) invaded the cells but formed very small plaques. Loss of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway gene
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2

Ulevitch, Richard J., David L. Dunn, Mitchell P. Fink, and Christopher E. Taylor. "ENDOTOXIN-RELATED INTRACELLULAR PATHWAYS." Shock 6, no. 1 (July 1996): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-199607000-00001.

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3

Benitah, Salvador Aznar. "Intracellular signalling pathways and carcinogenesis." Revista de Oncología 3, no. 5 (September 2001): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02719890.

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4

Nahorski, Stefan R. "Pharmacology of intracellular signalling pathways." British Journal of Pharmacology 147, S1 (January 2006): S38—S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0706468.

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5

Sanders-Bush, Elaine. "CONTROL OF INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PATHWAYS." Behavioural Pharmacology 10, SUPPLEMENT 1 (August 1999): S80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008877-199908001-00203.

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6

LACOMBE, CATHERINE, ISABELLE DUSANTER, STÉPHANIE GOBERT, ODILE MULLER, SYLVIE GISSELBRECHT, and PATRICK MAYEUX. "Intracellular Pathways Activated by Erythropoietina." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 718, no. 1 (February 26, 2008): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb55721.x.

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7

Castle, D., and A. Castle. "Intracellular Transport and Secretion of Salivary Proteins." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 9, no. 1 (January 1998): 4–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411980090010301.

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Intracellular transport and secretion of salivary proteins are major activities of salivary acinar cells. While the major intracellular pathway followed by salivary proteins following their synthesis has been described previously, there is only limited understanding of how this process is regulated at the molecular level. Studies of salivary proteins, especially proline-rich proteins, expressed in an endocrine cell line have begun to provide insight regarding intermolecular interactions during transport and the role played by structural signals during intracellular sorting. Analysis of the sec
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8

Xu, Wen, Bei Wang, Yisong Gao, Yuxuan Cai, Jiali Zhang, Zhiyin Wu, Jiameng Wei, Chong Guo, and Chengfu Yuan. "Alkaloids Exhibit a Meaningful Function as Anticancer Agents by Restraining Cellular Signaling Pathways." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 22, no. 7 (April 2022): 968–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557521666211007114935.

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Abstract: Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing organic compounds widely found in natural products, which play an essential role in clinical treatment. Cellular signaling pathways in tumors are a series of enzymatic reaction pathways that convert extracellular signals into intracellular signals to produce biological effects. The ordered function of cell signaling pathways is essential for tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, and programmed death. This review describes the antitumor progression mediated by various alkaloids after inhibiting classical signaling pathways; related studies are sy
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9

Pieper, Rembert, C. R. Fisher, Moo-Jin Suh, S. T. Huang, P. Parmar, and S. M. Payne. "Analysis of the Proteome of Intracellular Shigella flexneri Reveals Pathways Important for Intracellular Growth." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 12 (October 7, 2013): 4635–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00975-13.

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ABSTRACTGlobal proteomic analysis was performed withShigella flexneristrain 2457T in association with three distinct growth environments:S. flexnerigrowing in broth (in vitro),S. flexnerigrowing within epithelial cell cytoplasm (intracellular), andS. flexnerithat were cultured with, but did not invade, Henle cells (extracellular). Compared toin vitroand extracellular bacteria, intracellular bacteria had increased levels of proteins required for invasion and cell-to-cell spread, including Ipa, Mxi, and Ics proteins. Changes in metabolic pathways in response to the intracellular environment also
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10

Frühbeck, Gema. "Intracellular signalling pathways activated by leptin." Biochemical Journal 393, no. 1 (December 12, 2005): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20051578.

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Leptin is a versatile 16 kDa peptide hormone, with a tertiary structure resembling that of members of the long-chain helical cytokine family. It is mainly produced by adipocytes in proportion to fat size stores, and was originally thought to act only as a satiety factor. However, the ubiquitous distribution of OB-R leptin receptors in almost all tissues underlies the pleiotropism of leptin. OB-Rs belong to the class I cytokine receptor family, which is known to act through JAKs (Janus kinases) and STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription). The OB-R gene is alternatively splice
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11

Lee, Ting-Hein, William McKleroy, Amin Khalifeh-Soltani, Stephen Sakuma, Stanislav Lazarev, Kirsi Riento, Stephen L. Nishimura, Ben J. Nichols, and Kamran Atabai. "Functional genomic screen identifies novel mediators of collagen uptake." Molecular Biology of the Cell 25, no. 5 (March 2014): 583–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e13-07-0382.

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Tissue fibrosis occurs when matrix production outpaces matrix degradation. Degradation of collagen, the main component of fibrotic tissue, is mediated through an extracellular proteolytic pathway and intracellular pathway of cellular uptake and lysosomal digestion. Recent studies demonstrate that disruption of the intracellular pathways can exacerbate fibrosis. These pathways are poorly characterized. Here we identify novel mediators of the intracellular pathway of collagen turnover through a genome-wide RNA interference screen in Drosophila S2 cells. Screening of 7505 Drosophila genes conserv
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12

Rechsteiner, Martin. "Ubiquitin-Mediated Pathways for Intracellular Proteolysis." Annual Review of Cell Biology 3, no. 1 (November 1987): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cb.03.110187.000245.

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13

Luedde, Tom, and Christian Trautwein. "Intracellular survival pathways in the liver." Liver International 26, no. 10 (December 2006): 1163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-3231.2006.01366.x.

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14

Richter, D. W., P. M. Lalley, O. Pierrefiche, A. Haji, A. M. Bischoff, B. Wilken, and F. Hanefeld. "Intracellular signal pathways controlling respiratory neurons." Respiration Physiology 110, no. 2-3 (November 1997): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-5687(97)00077-7.

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15

Diba, Hasan, Reza Seifi-Kashani, Shohreh Tavakkoli, and Saeid Malek-Mohammadi. "Polyhydroxyalkanoates (Phas), Intracellular Pathways and Properties." Current World Environment 10, Special-Issue1 (June 28, 2015): 644–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.10.special-issue1.78.

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16

Nombela-Arrieta, César. "Intracellular signaling pathways mediating lymphocyte trafficking." Inmunología 27, no. 4 (October 2008): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0213-9626(08)70067-2.

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17

Zhang, Kai, and Bianxiao Cui. "Optogenetic control of intracellular signaling pathways." Trends in Biotechnology 33, no. 2 (February 2015): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.11.007.

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18

Hakim, Jacques. "Pharmacologic Control of Intracellular Signaling Pathways." Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 25 (1995): S106—S113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005344-199500252-00023.

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19

Louie, Dexter S. "Cholecystokinin-Stimulated Intracellular Signal Transduction Pathways." Journal of Nutrition 124, suppl_8 (August 1, 1994): 1315S—1320S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/124.suppl_8.1315s.

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20

Moody, D. Branch, and Steven A. Porcelli. "Intracellular pathways of CD1 antigen presentation." Nature Reviews Immunology 3, no. 1 (January 2003): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri979.

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21

Lonez, Caroline, Michel Vandenbranden, and Jean-Marie Ruysschaert. "Cationic lipids activate intracellular signaling pathways." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 64, no. 15 (December 2012): 1749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2012.05.009.

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22

Mavers, Melissa, Eric M. Ruderman, and Harris Perlman. "Intracellular signal pathways: Potential for therapies." Current Rheumatology Reports 11, no. 5 (October 2009): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11926-009-0054-9.

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23

Müller, Werner E. G., Durdica Ugarković, Vera Gamulin, Barbara E. Weiler, and Heinz C. Schröder. "Intracellular signal transduction pathways in sponges." Electron Microscopy Reviews 3, no. 1 (January 1990): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-0354(90)90016-l.

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24

GERBER, U., C. GEE, and P. BENQUET. "Metabotropic glutamate receptors: intracellular signaling pathways." Current Opinion in Pharmacology 7, no. 1 (February 2007): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2006.08.008.

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25

Klesse, Laura J., and Luis F. Parada. "Trks: Signal transduction and intracellular pathways." Microscopy Research and Technique 45, no. 4-5 (May 15, 1999): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(19990515/01)45:4/5<210::aid-jemt4>3.0.co;2-f.

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26

Procaccini, Claudio, Mario Galgani, Veronica De Rosa, and Giuseppe Matarese. "Intracellular metabolic pathways control immune tolerance." Trends in Immunology 33, no. 1 (January 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2011.09.002.

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27

Sheldahl, Laird C., Diane C. Slusarski, Petra Pandur, Jeffrey R. Miller, Michael Kühl, and Randall T. Moon. "Dishevelled activates Ca2+ flux, PKC, and CamKII in vertebrate embryos." Journal of Cell Biology 161, no. 4 (May 26, 2003): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200211094.

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Wnt ligands and Frizzled (Fz) receptors have been shown to activate multiple intracellular signaling pathways. Activation of the Wnt–β-catenin pathway has been described in greatest detail, but it has been reported that Wnts and Fzs also activate vertebrate planar cell polarity (PCP) and Wnt–Ca2+ pathways. Although the intracellular protein Dishevelled (Dsh) plays a dual role in both the Wnt–β-catenin and the PCP pathways, its potential involvement in the Wnt–Ca2+ pathway has not been investigated. Here we show that a Dsh deletion construct, XDshΔDIX, which is sufficient for activation of the
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28

Tavare, JM, LM Fletcher, and GI Welsh. "Using green fluorescent protein to study intracellular signalling." Journal of Endocrinology 170, no. 2 (August 1, 2001): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1700297.

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Subcellular compartmentalisation of signalling molecules is an important phenomenon not only in defining how a signalling pathway is activated but also in influencing the desired physiological output of that pathway (e.g. cell growth or differentiation, regulation of metabolism, cytoskeletal changes etc.). Biochemical analyses of protein and lipid compartmentalisation by, for example, subcellular fractionation presents many technical difficulties. However, this aspect of cell signalling research has seen a major revolution thanks to the cloning and availability of a variety of mutant green flu
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29

Józefiak, Agata, Magdalena Larska, Małgorzata Pomorska-Mól, and Jakub J. Ruszkowski. "The IGF-1 Signaling Pathway in Viral Infections." Viruses 13, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081488.

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Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) belong to the insulin-like growth factor family, and IGF-1 activates intracellular signaling pathways by binding specifically to IGF-1R. The interaction between IGF-1 and IGF-1R transmits a signal through a number of intracellular substrates, including the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and the Src homology collagen (Shc) proteins, which activate two major intracellular signaling pathways: the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, specifically the extracellular signal
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30

Scott, Alice, and Harry Mellor. "VEGF receptor trafficking in angiogenesis." Biochemical Society Transactions 37, no. 6 (November 19, 2009): 1184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0371184.

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The intracellular trafficking of receptors provides a way to control the overall sensitivity of a cell to receptor stimulation. These sorting pathways are also used to shape the balance of signals that are generated in response to receptor activation. The major pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor is VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor 2). VEGFR2 activates a very similar set of signalling pathways to other RTKs (receptor tyrosine kinases); however, its intracellular trafficking is very different. Furthermore, VEGFR2 can form a complex with a range of different angiogenic regulators tha
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31

Slotkin, T. A., C. Lau, S. E. Lappi, and F. J. Seidler. "Can intracellular signalling pathways predict developmental abnormalities?" Biomarkers 1, no. 2 (January 1996): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13547509609088679.

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32

Palozza, Paola, Simona Serini, and Gabriella Calviello. "Carotenoids as Modulators of Intracellular Signaling Pathways." Current Signal Transduction Therapy 1, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157436206778226950.

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33

Segal, R. A., and M. E. Greenberg. "Intracellular Signaling Pathways Activated by Neuropathic Factors." Annual Review of Neuroscience 19, no. 1 (March 1996): 463–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.19.030196.002335.

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34

RASO, VIC, SIMON C. WATKINS, HENRY SLAYTER, and CATHERINE FEHRMANN. "Intracellular Pathways of Ricin A Chain Cytotoxins." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 507, no. 1 Biological Ap (December 1987): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb45800.x.

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35

Pasquali, Livia, Carla L. Busceti, Federica Fulceri, Antonio Paparelli, and Francesco Fornai. "Intracellular pathways underlying the effects of lithium." Behavioural Pharmacology 21, no. 5-6 (September 2010): 473–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/fbp.0b013e32833da5da.

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36

Fulop, T., J. M. Witkowski, A. Le Page, C. Fortin, G. Pawelec, and A. Larbi. "Intracellular signalling pathways: targets to reverse immunosenescence." Clinical & Experimental Immunology 187, no. 1 (August 3, 2016): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cei.12836.

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37

Britton, Robert S., and Bruce R. Bacon. "Intracellular Signaling Pathways in Stellate Cell Activation." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 23, no. 5 (May 1999): 922–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04204.x.

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38

Hoffman, Gregory R., Peter B. Rahl, Ruth N. Collins, and Richard A. Cerione. "Conserved Structural Motifs in Intracellular Trafficking Pathways." Molecular Cell 12, no. 3 (September 2003): 615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2003.08.002.

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39

Kawai, Kumi, and Masahide Takahashi. "Intracellular RET signaling pathways activated by GDNF." Cell and Tissue Research 382, no. 1 (August 20, 2020): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00441-020-03262-1.

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40

Lui, Pak-Yin, Dong-Yan Jin, and Nigel J. Stevenson. "MicroRNA: master controllers of intracellular signaling pathways." Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 72, no. 18 (June 10, 2015): 3531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1940-0.

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41

Matarese, G. "I25 Intracellular metabolic pathways control immune tolerance." Cytokine 59, no. 3 (September 2012): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2012.06.315.

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42

Daniotti, Jose Luis, and Ramiro Iglesias-Bartolomé. "Metabolic pathways and intracellular trafficking of gangliosides." IUBMB Life 63, no. 7 (June 22, 2011): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iub.477.

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43

Ito, Naoki, Urs Ruegg, and Shin’ichi Takeda. "ATP-Induced Increase in Intracellular Calcium Levels and Subsequent Activation of mTOR as Regulators of Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 9 (September 18, 2018): 2804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092804.

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Intracellular signaling pathways, including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, are activated by exercise, and promote skeletal muscle hypertrophy. However, the mechanisms by which these pathways are activated by physiological stimulation are not fully understood. Here we show that extracellular ATP activates these pathways by increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i), and promotes muscle hypertrophy. [Ca2+]i in skeletal muscle was transiently increased after exercise. Treatment with ATP induced the increase in [Ca2+]i through
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44

Borger, Pieter, Anton Buzdin, Maksim Sorokin, Ekaterina Kachaylo, Bostjan Humar, Rolf Graf, and Pierre-Alien Clavien. "Large-Scale Profiling of Signaling Pathways Reveals a Distinct Demarcation between Normal and Extended Liver Resection." Cells 9, no. 5 (May 7, 2020): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9051149.

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Despite numerous studies addressing normal liver regeneration, we still lack comprehensive understanding of the biological processes underlying failed liver regeneration. Therefore, we analyzed the activity of 271 intracellular signaling pathways (ISPs) by genome wide profiling of differentially expressed RNAs in murine liver tissue biopsies after normal hepatectomy (nHx; 68% of liver removed) and extended hepatectomy (eHx; 86% of liver removed). Comprehensive, genome-wide transcriptome profiling using RNAseq was performed in liver tissue obtained from mice (sham, nHx, and eHx) harvested 1, 8,
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45

Henshall, D. C. "Apoptosis signalling pathways in seizure-induced neuronal death and epilepsy." Biochemical Society Transactions 35, no. 2 (March 20, 2007): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0350421.

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Delineating the molecular pathways underlying seizure-induced neuronal death may yield novel strategies for brain protection against prolonged or repetitive seizures. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and necrosis is a primary contributing mechanism but seizures also activate programmed (apoptotic) cell death pathways. Apoptosis signalling pathways are typically initiated following perturbation of intracellular organelle function (intrinsic pathway) or by activated cell-surface-expressed death receptors (extrinsic pathway), with signalling cascades orchestrated in part by the Bcl-2 and caspase
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46

Kestler, Hans A., and Michael Kühl. "From individual Wnt pathways towards a Wnt signalling network." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363, no. 1495 (January 11, 2008): 1333–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2251.

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Wnt proteins play important roles during vertebrate and invertebrate development. They obviously have the ability to activate different intracellular signalling pathways. Based on the characteristic intracellular mediators used, these are commonly described as the Wnt/β-catenin, the Wnt/calcium and the Wnt/Jun N-terminal kinase pathways (also called planar cell polarity pathway). In the past, these different signalling events were mainly described as individual and independent signalling branches. Here, we discuss the possibility that Wnt proteins activate a complex intracellular signalling ne
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47

Goldberg, Marcia B. "Actin-Based Motility of Intracellular Microbial Pathogens." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 65, no. 4 (December 1, 2001): 595–626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.65.4.595-626.2001.

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SUMMARY A diverse group of intracellular microorganisms, including Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella spp., Rickettsia spp., and vaccinia virus, utilize actin-based motility to move within and spread between mammalian host cells. These organisms have in common a pathogenic life cycle that involves a stage within the cytoplasm of mammalian host cells. Within the cytoplasm of host cells, these organisms activate components of the cellular actin assembly machinery to induce the formation of actin tails on the microbial surface. The assembly of these actin tails provides force that propels the organ
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48

Michie, Alison M., and Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker. "InVivoDetection of Intracellular Signaling Pathways in Developing Thymocytes." Developmental Immunology 8, no. 1 (2000): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/97820.

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Information regarding the intracellular signaling processes that occur during the development of T cells has largely been obtained with the use of transgenic mouse models, which although providing invaluable information are time consuming and costly. To this end, we have developed a novel system that facilitates theInVivoanalysis of signal transduction pathways during T-lymphocyte development. This approach uses reporter-plasmids for the detection of intracellular signals mediated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase or cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Reporter-plasmids are transfected
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49

Allen, Paige E., and Juan J. Martinez. "Modulation of Host Lipid Pathways by Pathogenic Intracellular Bacteria." Pathogens 9, no. 8 (July 28, 2020): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9080614.

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Lipids are a broad group of molecules required for cell maintenance and homeostasis. Various intracellular pathogens have developed mechanisms of modulating and sequestering host lipid processes for a large array of functions for both bacterial and host cell survival. Among the host cell lipid functions that intracellular bacteria exploit for infection are the modulation of host plasma membrane microdomains (lipid rafts) required for efficient bacterial entry; the recruitment of specific lipids for membrane integrity of intracellular vacuoles; and the utilization of host lipid droplets for the
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50

Kim, Soochong, and Satya P. Kunapuli. "Negative Regulation of Gq-mediated Pathways in Platelets by G12/13 Pathways through Fyn Kinase." Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, no. 27 (May 18, 2011): 24170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m110.212274.

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Platelets contain high levels of Src family kinases (SFKs), but their functional role downstream of G protein pathways has not been completely understood. We found that platelet shape change induced by selective G12/13 stimulation was potentiated by SFK inhibitors, which was abolished by intracellular calcium chelation. Platelet aggregation, secretion, and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization mediated by low concentrations of SFLLRN or YFLLRNP were potentiated by SFK inhibitors. However, 2-methylthio-ADP-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and platelet aggregation were not affected by PP2, sugg
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