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Journal articles on the topic 'Intrasexual competition among women'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Buunk, Abraham P., and Karlijn Massar. "Intrasexual competition among males: Competitive towards men, prosocial towards women." Personality and Individual Differences 52, no. 7 (2012): 818–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.01.010.

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Vaillancourt, Tracy, and Aanchal Sharma. "Intolerance of sexy peers: intrasexual competition among women." Aggressive Behavior 37, no. 6 (2011): 569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ab.20413.

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3

Mehta, S., R. Abed, A. J. Figueredo, et al. "Eating disorders and intrasexual competition: Testing an evolutionary hypothesis among young women." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72414-2.

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IntroductionCompeting theories on the aetiology of eating disorders originate from a diverse set of disciplines. One such discipline is Evolutionary Psychology which assumes that the human mind has been shaped by natural and sexual selection. Most evolutionary theories on eating disorders limit themselves to the causation of anorexia nervosa only. The Sexual Competition Hypothesis (SCH), based on the Darwinian theory of sexual selection, provides an explanatory framework for the whole spectrum of eating disorders. It contends that intense female intrasexual competition (ISC) is the ultimate ca

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Puts, David A., Julia L. Barndt, Lisa L. M. Welling, Khytam Dawood, and Robert P. Burriss. "Intrasexual competition among women: Vocal femininity affects perceptions of attractiveness and flirtatiousness." Personality and Individual Differences 50, no. 1 (2011): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.09.011.

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Abed, Riadh, Sunil Mehta, Aurelio José Figueredo, et al. "Eating Disorders and Intrasexual Competition: Testing an Evolutionary Hypothesis among Young Women." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/290813.

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The sexual competition hypothesis (SCH) contends that intense female intrasexual competition (ISC) is the ultimate cause of eating disorders. The SCH explains the phenomenon of the pursuit of thinness as an adaptation to ISC in the modern environment. It argues that eating disorders are pathological phenomena that arise from the mismatch between the modern environment and the inherited female adaptations for ISC. The present study has two aims. The first is to examine the relationship between disordered eating behavior (DEB) and ISC in a sample of female undergraduates. The second is to establ

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Pajestka, Grzegorz. "INTRASEXUAL COMPETITION AMONG HUMANS: PROSOCIAL TOWARDS THE OPPOSITE SEX AND PROSELF TOWARDS THE SAME SEX?" Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century 11, no. 1 (2017): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/ppc/17.11.42.

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In a research conducted on a sample of participants from three countries (N = 256): Poland, Ukraine and Denmark, a hypothesis of the moderating impact of other person sex on the level of social value orientation of men and women was tested. The study applied the now rarely used method of measuring social value orientation: the Warsaw Method, which was expected to reveal more subtle differences between men and women than those observed in the studies using the most popular social value orientation measurement tools, such as decomposed games. The direction of the observed relationship proved to

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7

Buunk, Abraham P., and Karlijn Massar. "A night on the town: when the importance of mate acquisition overrides intrasexual competition." Anthropological Review 77, no. 3 (2014): 273–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2014-0021.

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Abstract: It is argued that, while men may be intrasexually more competitive than women, to attract potential mates, men will, more than women, associate with same-sex friends who are attractive to the opposite sex. Therefore, more than women, men will choose more physically attractive and dominant companions in a mating context than in a neutral context. In Study 1 among 262 participants a mating scenario (going to a party) and a neutral scenario (seeing a movie) were developed, and it was shown that the mating scenario did indeed induce more a mating context than the neutral scenario. In Stu

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8

Campbell, Anne. "The evolutionary psychology of women's aggression." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1631 (2013): 20130078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0078.

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Evolutionary researchers have identified age, operational sex ratio and high variance in male resources as factors that intensify female competition. These are discussed in relation to escalated intrasexual competition for men and their resources between young women in deprived neighbourhoods. For these women, fighting is not seen as antithetical to cultural conceptions of femininity, and female weakness is disparaged. Nonetheless, even where competitive pressures are high, young women's aggression is less injurious and frequent than young men's. From an evolutionary perspective, I argue that

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Campbell, Anne. "Staying alive: Evolution, culture, and women's intrasexual aggression." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 2 (1999): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99001818.

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Females' tendency to place a high value on protecting their own lives enhanced their reproductive success in the environment of evolutionary adaptation because infant survival depended more upon maternal than on paternal care and defence. The evolved mechanism by which the costs of aggression (and other forms of risk taking) are weighted more heavily for females may be a lower threshold for fear in situations which pose a direct threat of bodily injury. Females' concern with personal survival also has implications for sex differences in dominance hierarchies because the risks associated with h

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10

Gladden, Paul R., Aurelio José Figueredo, D. J. Andrejzak, Dan Nelson Jones, and Vanessa Smith-Castro. "Reproductive Strategy and Sexual Conflict Slow Life History Strategy Inihibts Negative Androcentrism." Journal of Methods and Measurement in the Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (2013): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/jmm.v4i1.17774.

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Recent findings indicate that a slow Life History (LH) strategy factor is associated with increased levels of Executive Functioning (EF), increased emotional intelligence, decreased levels of sexually coercive behaviors, and decreased levels of negative ethnocentrism. Based on these findings, as well as the generative theory, we predicted that slow LH strategy should inhibit negative androcentrism (bias against women). A sample of undergraduates responded to a battery of questionnaires measuring various facets of their LH Strategy, (e.g., sociosexual orientation, mating effort, mate-value, psy

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Gladden, Paul R., Aurelio José Figueredo, D. J. Andrejzak, Dan Nelson Jones, and Vanessa Smith-Castro. "Reproductive Strategy and Sexual Conflict Slow Life History Strategy Inihibts Negative Androcentrism." Journal of Methods and Measurement in the Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (2013): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v4i1.17774.

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Recent findings indicate that a slow Life History (LH) strategy factor is associated with increased levels of Executive Functioning (EF), increased emotional intelligence, decreased levels of sexually coercive behaviors, and decreased levels of negative ethnocentrism. Based on these findings, as well as the generative theory, we predicted that slow LH strategy should inhibit negative androcentrism (bias against women). A sample of undergraduates responded to a battery of questionnaires measuring various facets of their LH Strategy, (e.g., sociosexual orientation, mating effort, mate-value, psy

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12

Boudesseul, Jordane, Luc Vieira, and Laurent Bègue. "An Evolutionary Approach to Binge Drinking Impression Formation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between France and Peru." Evolutionary Psychology 18, no. 1 (2020): 147470491989760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704919897602.

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Evolutionary medicine proposes studying alcohol use and abuse through the lens of modern evolutionary theory. This study ( https://osf.io/p48 uw/) follows this approach and uses an evolutionary framework to predict how young adults (18–35 years old) form impression of a binge drinker. We predicted that displaying sexual dysfunctions (short-term risk) in a binge drinking video would negatively influence attitudes and expectations of a target when compared to cognitive (short-term risk) or long-term deficits. In the following studies, we use a Zahavian framework to understand and influence impre

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Le Galliard, Jean-François, G. Gundersen, H. P. Andreassen, and N. C. Stenseth. "Natal dispersal, interactions among siblings and intrasexual competition." Behavioral Ecology 17, no. 5 (2006): 733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arl002.

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Lucas, Margery M., Elissa Koff, and Susan Skeath. "Pilot Study of Relationship between Fertility Risk and Bargaining." Psychological Reports 101, no. 1 (2007): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.1.302-310.

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Competition for resources to support a healthy pregnancy and later offspring was likely very important for ancestral women. Therefore, it was predicted that women evolved a propensity for intrasexual competition over resources during times of their highest conception risk. To investigate this hypothesis, women played a series of ultimatum games, bargaining games that test participants' willingness to share a monetary stake. During periods of high conception risk, intrasexual competition increased as evidenced by lower offers to share a stake with others as well as higher rates of rejection of

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15

Townsend, John Marshall. "Male dominance hierarchies and women's intrasexual competition." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 2 (1999): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x9947181x.

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In their competition for higher-status men, women with higher socioeconomic status use indirect forms of aggression (ridicule and gossip) to derogate lower-status female competitors and the men who date them. Women's greater tendency to excuse their aggression is arguably a cultural enhancement of an evolutionarily based sex difference and not solely a cultural construction imposed by patriarchy.

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Smith, Henrik G., Ulf Ottosson, and Maria Sandell. "Intrasexual competition among polygynously mated female starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)." Behavioral Ecology 5, no. 1 (1994): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/5.1.57.

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17

Fernandez, Ana Maria, José Antonio Muñoz-Reyes, and Michele Dufey. "BMI, age, Mate Value, and Intrasexual Competition in Chilean Women." Current Psychology 33, no. 4 (2014): 435–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12144-014-9221-x.

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18

Dijkstra, Peter D., and Ton G. G. Groothuis. "Male-Male Competition as a Force in Evolutionary Diversification: Evidence in Haplochromine Cichlid Fish." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2011 (July 13, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/689254.

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It has been suggested that intrasexual competition can be a source of negative frequency-dependent selection, causing agonistic character displacement and facilitating speciation and coexistence of (sibling) species. In this paper we synthesise the evidence that male-male and female-female competition contributes to cichlid diversification, showing that competition is stronger among same-coloured individuals than those with different colours. We argue that intrasexual selection is more complex because there are several examples where males do not bias aggression towards their own type. In addi

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19

Arnocky, Steven, Valentina Proietti, Erika L. Ruddick, et al. "Aggression Toward Sexualized Women Is Mediated by Decreased Perceptions of Humanness." Psychological Science 30, no. 5 (2019): 748–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797619836106.

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Researchers have argued that the regulation of female sexuality is a major catalyst for women’s intrasexual aggression. The present research examined whether women behave more aggressively toward a sexualized woman and whether this is explained by lower ratings of the target’s humanness. Results showed that women rated another woman lower on uniquely human personality traits when she was dressed in a sexualized (vs. conventional) manner. Lower humanness ratings subsequently predicted increased aggression toward her in a behavioral measure of aggression. This effect was moderated by trait intra

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20

Cobey, Kelly D., Christine Klipping, and Abraham P. Buunk. "Hormonal contraceptive use lowers female intrasexual competition in pair-bonded women." Evolution and Human Behavior 34, no. 4 (2013): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.04.003.

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21

Vaillancourt, Tracy. "Do human females use indirect aggression as an intrasexual competition strategy?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1631 (2013): 20130080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0080.

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Indirect aggression includes behaviours such as criticizing a competitor's appearance, spreading rumours about a person's sexual behaviour and social exclusion. Human females have a particular proclivity for using indirect aggression, which is typically directed at other females, especially attractive and sexually available females, in the context of intrasexual competition for mates. Indirect aggression is an effective intrasexual competition strategy. It is associated with a diminished willingness to compete on the part of victims and with greater dating and sexual behaviour among those who

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22

Forsgren, Elisabet. "Comment on Rosvall: “Intrasexual competition among females: evidence for sexual selection?”." Behavioral Ecology 22, no. 6 (2011): 1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr108.

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23

Walters, Sally, and Charles B. Crawford. "The importance of mate attraction for intrasexual competition in men and women." Ethology and Sociobiology 15, no. 1 (1994): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(94)90025-6.

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24

Prokop, Pavol, Natália Morvayová, and Peter Fedor. "With or without you: does partner satisfaction and partner-directed violence influence the presence of a partner on women’s Facebook cover profile photographs?" Anales de Psicología 32, no. 2 (2016): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.32.2.196661.

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<p>Social network sites (SNSs) provide new opportunities for online self-presentation of millions of users. The cover profile photograph (CPP) along with written information regarding relationship status is a central component of online self-presentation, although their associations with actual romantic relationships are not clear. We investigated relationships between the presence of a current romantic partner on the CPP and the displayed relationship status and partner satisfaction, partner-directed violence and women’s intrasexual competition with peers. A total of 28 % of the 158 wom

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Krems, Jaimie Arona, Ashley M. Rankin, and Stefanie B. Northover. "Women’s Strategic Defenses Against Same-Sex Aggression: Evidence From Sartorial Behavior." Social Psychological and Personality Science 11, no. 6 (2019): 770–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619882028.

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Women’s intrasexual competition has received significant attention only in the last decades, with even less work investigating women’s defenses against such aggression. Yet, we should expect that women can (a) grasp which perceptually-salient cues evoke same-sex aggression and (b) strategically damp the display of (some of) those cues when aggression risk is greatest, thereby avoiding the potentially high costs of victimization. Women selectively aggress against women displaying cues of sexual permissiveness (e.g., revealing dress) and/or desirability (e.g., physical attractiveness). We find t

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Laxdal, D. "Scramble Competition Polygyny in Platypuses." Australian Mammalogy 20, no. 2 (1998): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am98312.

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Platypuses in the Upper Hastings river catchment, near the village of Ellenborough, mid-north coast of New South Wales, occur in small numbers in pools and raceways. Visual observations of platypuses at dawn and dusk during winter-spring breeding seasons included males that wandered, mate searched and attempted forced copulations. No intrasexual aggression between males was observed. Choosy female platypuses seemed to be able to control where and when males could mate. Rare observations of aggression among female and/or juvenile platypuses during summer may have been related to resource defenc

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While, Geoffrey M. "Comment on “Intrasexual competition among females: evidence for sexual selection” by Kimberly Rosvall." Behavioral Ecology 22, no. 6 (2011): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr107.

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Kutsukake, Nobuyuki, and Tim H. Clutton-Brock. "The number of subordinates moderates intrasexual competition among males in cooperatively breeding meerkats." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275, no. 1631 (2007): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1311.

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Rucas, Stacey L., Michael Gurven, Hillard Kaplan, Jeff Winking, Steve Gangestad, and Maria Crespo. "Female intrasexual competition and reputational effects on attractiveness among the Tsimane of Bolivia." Evolution and Human Behavior 27, no. 1 (2006): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2005.07.001.

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Fiacco, Serena, Laura Mernone, Carla Arpagaus, and Ulrike Ehlert. "Intrasexual competition and its psychobiological underpinnings – findings from the women 40+ healthy aging study." Psychoneuroendocrinology 100 (February 2019): S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.12.148.

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Jach, Łukasz, and Marcin Moroń. "I Can Wear a Beard, but you Should Shave…Preferences for Men’s Facial Hair From the Perspective of Both Sexes." Evolutionary Psychology 18, no. 4 (2020): 147470492096172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704920961728.

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Researchers have found that men’s facial hair may have certain signaling functions connected with intrasexual competition and intersexual attractiveness. The interesting issue is whether men’s and women’s preferences for men’s facial hair may be considered a reflection of their intuitive knowledge about these functions. The aim of the presented studies was to analyze women’s and men’s preferences regarding men’s facial hair using questions with a dichotomous answer format (Study 1 and Study 2) and pictorial stimuli (Study 2). In both studies, women were asked to indicate their preferences for

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Zhuang, Jin-Ying, and Jia-Xi Wang. "Women Ornament Themselves for Intrasexual Competition near Ovulation, but for Intersexual Attraction in Luteal Phase." PLoS ONE 9, no. 9 (2014): e106407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106407.

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Borau, Sylvie, and Jean-François Bonnefon. "The Imaginary Intrasexual Competition: Advertisements Featuring Provocative Female Models Trigger Women to Engage in Indirect Aggression." Journal of Business Ethics 157, no. 1 (2017): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3643-y.

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34

Hare, Robin M., and Leigh W. Simmons. "Sexual selection maintains a female-specific character in a species with dynamic sex roles." Behavioral Ecology 32, no. 4 (2021): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arab005.

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Abstract The effects of sexual selection are more conspicuous among male animals, and, as a result, the majority of sexual selection research focuses on males. However, burgeoning evidence suggests that sexual selection also acts on females, and there have been calls for an increased focus on females. Here, we used a multivariate approach to analyze sexual selection in Kawanaphila nartee, a spermatophore gift-giving bushcricket with dynamic sex roles. Early in the breeding season, females compete for males, and, later, when environmental food resources are more abundant, sex roles revert to Da

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Otterbring, Tobias, Christine Ringler, Nancy J. Sirianni, and Anders Gustafsson. "The Abercrombie & Fitch Effect: The Impact of Physical Dominance on Male Customers' Status-Signaling Consumption." Journal of Marketing Research 55, no. 1 (2018): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.15.0247.

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Consumer lay theory suggests that women will spend more money than men in the presence of a physically dominant male employee, whereas theories of intrasexual competition from evolutionary psychology predict the opposite outcome. A retail field study demonstrates that male customers spend more money and purchase more expensive products than their female counterparts in the presence (vs. absence) of a physically dominant male employee. This effect has a more powerful impact on male customers who lack bodily markers of dominance (shorter stature or measures linked to lower levels of testosterone

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Remick, A. K., P. Pliner, and S. Rizvi. "Competition among women influences subsequent food choice." Appetite 51, no. 2 (2008): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.04.198.

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37

Reilly, Ann S. "The Secret between us, Competition among Women." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 4, no. 2 (1995): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.4.2.123.

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Arnocky, Steven, Shafik Sunderani, Graham Albert, and Kate Norris. "Sex Differences and Individual Differences in Human Facilitative and Preventive Courtship." Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships 8, no. 2 (2014): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.v8i2.159.

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Although cooperative mating strategies have been observed in other species, the extent to which men and women act to facilitate the mating success of others has been under-researched, especially among unrelated individuals. The present study addressed this gap in knowledge by exploring potential sex differences and individual differences in attitudes toward facilitating and preventing friends’ mating among 256 heterosexual undergraduate men and women. Results showed that women were more likely than men to express attitudes toward preventing the sexuality of friends, whereas no sex difference e

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Massar, Karlijn, and Abraham P. Buunk. "Expecting and Competing? Jealous Responses Among Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women." Evolutionary Psychology 17, no. 1 (2019): 147470491983334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704919833344.

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In the current study, we reasoned that when pregnant, women should be especially motivated to protect their reproductive investments as well as their pair bond and be vigilant about intrasexual competitors. To investigate this, pregnant women ( n = 66) and nonpregnant women ( n = 59; age M = 27.41, SD = 3.36) in committed relationships read a jealousy-evoking scenario that was accompanied by a picture of either an attractive or an unattractive woman, after which they indicated their jealousy about such a situation. Moreover, we asked whether a mate’s emotional infidelity would evoke more jealo

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Orbach, D. N., J. M. Packard, S. Piwetz, and B. Würsig. "Sex-specific variation in conspecific-acquired marking prevalence among dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 5 (2015): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0302.

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Despite logistical challenges that limit direct observations of behavior for some species, physical scars can provide indirect evidence of aggression. Dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus (Gray, 1828)) off Kaikoura, New Zealand, derive most of the notches and scars on their dorsal fins from conspecifics. However, aggressive encounters have rarely been observed in this sexually monomorphic species. If injurious interactions are associated with intrasexual competition among males but not females, we predicted males would have more conspecific-acquired markings than females. High-quality dorsa

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KRAUS, C., M. HEISTERMANN, and P. KAPPELER. "Physiological Suppression of Sexual Function of Subordinate MalesA Subtle Form of Intrasexual Competition Among Male Sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi)?" Physiology & Behavior 66, no. 5 (1999): 855–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00024-4.

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Dijkstra, Peter D., Ole Seehausen, and Ton G. G. Groothuis. "Intrasexual competition among females and the stabilization of a conspicuous colour polymorphism in a Lake Victoria cichlid fish." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275, no. 1634 (2007): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1441.

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James, Esther A., Shauny Jenkins, and Christopher D. Watkins. "Negative Effects of Makeup Use on Perceptions of Leadership Ability Across Two Ethnicities." Perception 47, no. 5 (2018): 540–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006618763263.

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Cosmetics alter social perceptions, and prior work suggests that cosmetic use may aid female intrasexual competition, making women appear more dominant to other women but more prestigious to other men. It is unclear whether these findings reflect general improvements in perceptions of traits related to women’s dominance or if they are specific to mating contexts only. Here, across two ethnicities, we examined effects of cosmetics used for a social night out on perceptions of women’s leadership ability, a trait that denotes competence/high status outside of mating contexts. Participants of Afri

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Wirtz Ocana, Sabine, Patrick Meidl, Danielle Bonfils, and Michael Taborsky. "Y-linked Mendelian inheritance of giant and dwarf male morphs in shell-brooding cichlids." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1794 (2014): 20140253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0253.

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Behavioural variation among conspecifics is typically contingent on individual state or environmental conditions. Sex-specific genetic polymorphisms are enigmatic because they lack conditionality, and genes causing adaptive trait variation in one sex may reduce Darwinian fitness in the other. One way to avoid such genetic antagonism is to control sex-specific traits by inheritance via sex chromosomes. Here, controlled laboratory crossings suggest that in snail-brooding cichlid fish a single locus, two-allele polymorphism located on a sex-linked chromosome of heterogametic males generates an ex

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Cholewiak, Danielle M., Salvatore Cerchio, Jeff K. Jacobsen, Jorge Urbán-R., and Christopher W. Clark. "Songbird dynamics under the sea: acoustic interactions between humpback whales suggest song mediates male interactions." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 2 (2018): 171298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171298.

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The function of song has been well studied in numerous taxa and plays a role in mediating both intersexual and intrasexual interactions. Humpback whales are among few mammals who sing, but the role of sexual selection on song in this species is poorly understood. While one predominant hypothesis is that song mediates male–male interactions, the mechanism by which this may occur has never been explored. We applied metrics typically used to assess songbird interactions to examine song sequences and movement patterns of humpback whale singers. We found that males altered their song presentation i

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Bierbach, David, Moritz Klein, Vanessa Sassmannshausen, et al. "Divergent Evolution of Male Aggressive Behaviour: Another Reproductive Isolation Barrier in Extremophile Poeciliid Fishes?" International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2012 (January 23, 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/148745.

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Reproductive isolation among locally adapted populations may arise when immigrants from foreign habitats are selected against via natural or (inter-)sexual selection (female mate choice). We asked whether also intrasexual selection through male-male competition could promote reproductive isolation among populations of poeciliid fishes that are locally adapted to extreme environmental conditions [i.e., darkness in caves and/or toxic hydrogen sulphide (H2S)]. We found strongly reduced aggressiveness in extremophile Poecilia mexicana, and darkness was the best predictor for the evolutionary reduc

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Torrance, Jaimie S., Michal Kandrik, Anthony J. Lee, Lisa M. DeBruine, and Benedict C. Jones. "Does Adult Sex Ratio Predict Regional Variation in Facial Dominance Perceptions? Evidence From an Analysis of U.S. States." Evolutionary Psychology 16, no. 2 (2018): 147470491877674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704918776748.

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When the adult sex ratio of the local population is biased toward women, men face greater costs due to increased direct intrasexual competition. In order to mitigate these costs, men may be more attuned to cues of other men’s physical dominance under these conditions. Consequently, we investigated the relationships between the extent to which people ( N = 3,586) ascribed high dominance to masculinized versus feminized faces and variation in adult sex ratio across U.S. states. Linear mixed models showed that masculinized faces were perceived as more dominant than feminized faces, particularly f

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Henry, Andrea, Jason R. Sattizahn, Greg J. Norman, Sian L. Beilock, and Dario Maestripieri. "Performance during competition and competition outcome in relation to testosterone and cortisol among women." Hormones and Behavior 92 (June 2017): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.03.010.

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Bajer, Katalin, Orsolya Molnár, János Török, and Gábor Herczeg. "Ultraviolet nuptial colour determines fight success in male European green lizards ( Lacerta viridis )." Biology Letters 7, no. 6 (2011): 866–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0520.

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Animal communication through colour signals is a central theme in sexual selection. Structural colours can be just as costly and honest signals as pigment-based colours. Ultraviolet (UV) is a structural colour that can be important both in intrasexual competition and mate choice. However, it is still unknown if a UV signal alone can determine the outcome of male–male fights. European green lizard ( Lacerta viridis ) males develop a nuptial throat coloration with a strong UV component. Among males differing only in their manipulated UV colour, females prefer males with higher UV. Here, we exper

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Villa, Scott M., Juan C. Altuna, James S. Ruff, et al. "Rapid experimental evolution of reproductive isolation from a single natural population." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 27 (2019): 13440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1901247116.

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Ecological speciation occurs when local adaptation generates reproductive isolation as a by-product of natural selection. Although ecological speciation is a fundamental source of diversification, the mechanistic link between natural selection and reproductive isolation remains poorly understood, especially in natural populations. Here, we show that experimental evolution of parasite body size over 4 y (approximately 60 generations) leads to reproductive isolation in natural populations of feather lice on birds. When lice are transferred to pigeons of different sizes, they rapidly evolve diffe

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