Academic literature on the topic 'Intressegrupp'

This study aims to dive deeper into the specific structure, propagation and adaptability of the American alt-right political movement QAnon’s underlying narrative through the lens of “Digital Storytelling”. The method employed being a holistic narrative analysis. Utilizing data collected from the image boards 4chan, 8chan and 8kun we look at a large narrative specifically centered around Donald Trump’s presidency. By gaining a more thorough understanding of the narrative techniques employed to create said narrative, this study will highlight resilient and recurring structures within the QAnon movement. Our findings show that the movement through the application of several characteristic features of digital storytelling have created a highly adaptable narrative. The cryptic nature of messaging used by the movements original author has through the instance of “decoding”, allowed a range of different interpretations to flourish. We identify three key factors connected to the success of the QAnon narrative, these being, 1: An authentic message, created through both hidden and visible feedback. 2: An elastic and resilient narrative, formed through iterative interpretations of coded messages. 3: A tight knitted group-identity, reinforced by the self-classifying as underdogs.

Abstract

"Citizen Influence, Forms and Effects - A study of the Resistance Concerning the Establishment of a Juvenile Detention Center in Kristinehamn 2005-2007"

Political Science, Johan Utter

 

This essay circles around the concepts of citizenship and the questions if and how citizens in the modern democracy can influence and effect the political decisions made by the governing body on the local level. This is done by the means of a case-study concerning the establishment of an institutional facility for convicted youths in Kristinehamn. The planning of this facility and especially its planned location in Sunneberg aroused a significant negative response from the citizens, demanding a better alternative for the location.

The proposition resulted in heavy protests from the citizens as the planned location was viewed as an important recreation area, where the citizens could experience nature first hand, close to the centre of town. As a result, some citizens living close to the planned location, formed a network called "Bevara Sunneberg", whose purpose was to influence the decision-makers and make the citizen’s voices heard. Also of interest are the classification of the resistance, by using already established theoretical models concerning interest groups, social movements and the concept of NIMBY-groups.

The results show that the citizen led by the group "Bevara Sunneberg" in fact managed to influence the decision-makers by adopting a wide variety of strategies, both by conventional and unconventional means. As the case haven’t yet been decided, the full extent of the resistance’s efforts are yet to be seen. Whether or not the planned establishment will be build, the fact remains that the resistance managed to effect the outcome of the case.

The network "Bevara Sunneberg" showed similarities to the concept of NIMBY-groups, but evolved into a form of hybrid, positioning itself somewhere between the theoretical positions of social movements and interest groups. As a conclusion I would like to state that citizen influence is possible in the local political context, though the extent of the influence can not be proved by this essay.

 

Key Words

: Citizen Influence, NIMBY-group, Political Participation, Kristinehamn, Juvenile Detention Center, Interest Group

Title: Crisis communication strategy and brand – A case study of Swedish Red Cross

through dialog analysis

Author: Anneli Saarela

Presented: 01.06.2010

Purpose: The study addresses the subjects of crisis communication and organisational brand, in relation to stakeholders and brand reputation. The purpose of this essay is to study the dialog regarding the crisis of remunerations with the Swedish Red Cross and how the organisation responds to the criticism. An identification and analysis of the discourse regarding the brand are also included in the study. Part of the empirical material will also be used in relation to Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT). This to find which strategy is most accurate to the one which the Swedish Red Cross seemingly has implemented.

Methodology: The study uses dialog analysis to gather the empirical material. The dialog of interest for this study consists of four different written texts. These texts are analysed with the help of concepts such as: content, context, intertextuality, recontextualisation and relation. Further, through these concepts the study uses a series of initial questions to start the analysis with regard to the concepts.

Theoretical perspectives: The theoretical base for this essay consists of relevant theories to crisis management and branding. These are Situational Crisis Communication Theory, crisis communication and rhetoric as well as ideas regarding identity, stakeholders and reputation. I have used these as tools in my analysis as well as to understand the concept regarding crisis and the effects on an organisation, the brand and stakeholder relationships.

Conclusions: The results show that the texts in the dialog are influenced by earlier texts to a great extent. Interesting enough the stakeholders hold the board members responsible and not the whole organisation itself. This may be because the reporting has been mainly focused on the individuals and their remunerations in the earlier stages of the crisis. In regards to rebuilding the trust and organisational brand the analysis show that the organisation should make changes regarding the members of the board, as it is those who are strongly attributed to the crisis by the interest groups. The analysis in relation to SCCT show that the Swedish Red Cross chose a strategy involving less responsibility than SCCT would have proposed. Although regarding the bolstering strategies the organisation did as SCCT would suggest and put emphasis on the earlier work the organisation has done and took advantage of its strong reputation.

Keywords: SCCT, crisis communication, brand, organisation, stakeholder

Uppsatsen behandlar intressegruppers påverkan på beslutsfattare på lokal nivå genom att undersökapåtryckargrupper som var involverade vid byggandet av Uppsala konsert och kongress. Studiensyftade till att utröna huruvida det fanns någon skillnad mellan lokala intressegruppers pluralistiskaarbete och teorin kring påtryckargruppers verksamhet på nationell och europeisk nivå. Slutsatsen äratt alla dessa intressegrupper använder sig av liknande verktyg. Studien behandlar även skillnadenmellan intressegrupper där delar av medlemskåren är beslutsfattande politiker och påtryckargruppersom ej har det. Här visar studien att de intressegrupper som har förtroendemän som medlemmarfokuserar mer på direktkontakt med politiker än vad andra påtryckargrupper gör.

In this dissertation the construction of two coastal railways, the East Coast Line and the Bothnia Line, in the Norrland region of northern Sweden is used as a case study of how regionally based interest groups are formed, and how they gain access to decision-making processes on a national level. In periods when a number of preconditions were in place, a window of opportunity opened for the coastal railway that the regional elites could exploit. Among these was the ability to form a coherent regional interest group, through institutions that created platforms and power-bases that enable regional elites to co-operate and act on regional and national levels.The existence of an institutional framework that was adapitve towards regional railway promotion was also important. The study shows that the coastal railway had a very flexible role on the agenda, as it provided a fixed solution against which actors could pin a multitude of different problems. An important factor for explaining the development of the coastal railway question in Norrland was the ideological notion of the region itself. Being a vast, resource-rich and sparsely populated region, Norrland had almost always received special consideration in both public opinion and national policy making. It also created a remarkable stubbornness among the regional actors in working for the coastal railway. Regional interest groups had also learnt that linking their claims to Norrland's peripheral position had high legitimacy on the national arena, by claiming the need for regional fairness and/or the national importance of the regional export-intensive industries. This was instrumental in justifying the repeated exemptions from the national railway policy regimes that ultimately were decissive in making the regional elites successful.

Vid en vindkraftsetablering är verksamhetsutövaren enligt miljöbalken skyldig att samråda med berörda parter. Miljöbalken är emellertid vag i riktlinjerna kring utformningen av samrådet och även om Boverkets vindkraftshandbok ger fler råd, vilar ett tolkningsansvar på verksamhetsutövaren. Studien syftar till att undersöka hur olika aktörer tolkar samrådsbegreppet. Fokus ligger på centrala arenor och aktörer samt vilka påverkansmöjligheter olika aktörer har. Demokratimodeller illustrerar att synen på vad samråd bör inneböra är beroende av vald utgångspunkt. Begreppet tolkningsflexibilitet visar hur synen på företeelser som samråd och demokrati kan variera. Tidigare forskning om samrådsprocesser, med fokus på nationell, visar att samrådsbegreppet har tolkats på flera sätt i olika sammanhang; främst verksamhetsutövaren har påverkat samrådsutformningen. I studien har kvalitativa intervjuer med projektörer och intressegruppsrepresentanter med erfarenhet av samråd vid vindkraftsetableringar samt en dokumentanalys genomförts. En uppdelning har gjorts i skriftliga synpunkter samt två huvudsamråd – ett stängt formellt med politiker samt ett informellt öppet hus. Informationsmöten, privata möten samt lokala kommunikationsaktiviteter inräknas oftast inte i samrådsbegreppet. För att påverka projekten ansåg sig intressegrupperna behöva använda arenor utanför samrådet. Intressegruppsrepresentanterna betonar vikten av politikers involvering men har inte haft kontakt med dem på tillhandahållna samrådsarenor. Fynden har likheter med tidigare forskning men har gett en fördjupad inblick i problematiken. Slutsatser som dras är att större engagemang från politiker samt tydligare politiska riktlinjer om vindkraftsetableringar är nödvändiga. Det bör inte råda ovisshet om vilka aktörer som ska kunna påverka samrådsprocesser samt vilket syfte ett samråd ska ha.

In a time when many pupils feel a lack of security in school, the demands on teachers steadily increase as society puts pressure on them and the school system as a whole. The idea for this essay was born out of a need to create tools for teachers to use while working with the set values that the Swedish curriculum deems central to education. In order to create such a tool, a survey was made to ascertain what books are currently popular among Swedish children in the age range of 9-12, and then, using indirect characterization and the literary concepts of theme and motif as method, the goal has been to determine whether this book is suitable for working with questions that are related to the aforementioned values. To that end, the following questions were asked: • Which books are popular in the age range of 9-12 at the time of this essay’s writing? • Which motifs can be found in the book based on values as a theme? • How are the values that the school system should mediate portrayed in these motifs? The results showed that the chosen book, PAX: Nidstången (by Åsa Larsson & Ingela Korsell), contained all of the five values that the Swedish curriculum deems central to education. The results, then, indicate that this book is a suitable tool to include while working with values in the classroom. However, the effectiveness of this tool is also dependent on the teacher him/herself, since a tool’s value is only ever as high as the competence of the one who uses it.

Studien beskriver rangordningar utefter individers personliga preferenser. Syftet är att jämföra kommunens fördelning av bidrag till de utvalda evenemangen Örebro kommun erbjuder. Denna fördelning ska jämföras mot den rangordning gjorda av de utvalda intressegrupperna gällande evenemangen. En inbördes jämförelse mellan intressegrupperna angående individernas personliga preferenser och rangordning samt en inbördes jämförelse mellan könen kommer även att göras. Dessa jämförelser sker med hjälp av χ2-test. Syftet till dessa jämförelser är att se om det råder skillnader mellan intressegruppernas preferenser i dess rangordning för evenemangen och kommunens faktiska fördelning av bidrag. Resultatet visar på skillnader mellan kommunens fördelning av bidrag och intressegruppernas rangordning. Det går även att urskilja skillnader inbördes mellan intressegrupperna och könen gällande rangordningen av evenemangen.

Syfte - Syftet med denna uppsats är att redogöra för förslaget om en skrotningspremie på lastbilar som lagts fram av Sveriges Åkeriföretag till regeringen samt redogöra för de påverkansmöjligheter olika aktörer har i denna beslutsprocess. Dessutom ämnar författaren spekulera i utsikterna för ett faktiskt genomförande av detta förslag.

Metod - Denna undersökning bygger på intervjuer med representanter för fyra intresseorganisationer, två politiker och två statstjänstemän.

Teoretiskt perspektiv - De teorier som används i uppsatsen behandlar politiska beslut och påverkansmetoder genom pluralism (innebär att staten sätter inte upp några tillträdeshinder för intressegrupperna) och korporativism.

Analys - Empirin finner gott stöd i teorin om den politiska och institutionella beslutsprocessen. Vidare får empirin störst stöd i teorin om pluralism. Dock är det inte enhälligt fastställt om en beslutsprocess är öppen för alla eller om det är resurserna som avgör tillträde. Den skandinaviska korporativismen och producentkorporativismen får ett relativt svagt stöd i denna uppsats.

Slutsats - Pluralismens två sidor får störst stöd i uppsatsen. Detta, kombinerat med den faktiska sakkunskap som aktörerna besitter, gör att samtliga intervjupersoner anser att de har något att säga till om i den politiska beslutsprocessen. Baserat på informationen från intervjupersonerna går förslaget ingen ljus framtid till mötes med det finansiella läge som råder och med den sittande regeringens inställning i åtanke.