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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Intrinsic variables

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Academic literature on the topic 'Intrinsic variables'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Intrinsic variables"

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Samus, N. N. "Intrinsic Variables as Components of Close Binaries." Astrophysics and Space Science 296, no. 1-4 (April 2005): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10509-005-4418-y.

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Caimmi, Roberto. "The Intrinsic Beauty of Polytropic Spheres in Reduced Variables." International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 06, no. 03 (2016): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijaa.2016.63019.

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Dsilva, Carmeline J., Ronen Talmon, Neta Rabin, Ronald R. Coifman, and Ioannis G. Kevrekidis. "Nonlinear intrinsic variables and state reconstruction in multiscale simulations." Journal of Chemical Physics 139, no. 18 (November 14, 2013): 184109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4828457.

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Patel, Nimesh A., Antony Joseph, and R. Ganesan. "SiO maser emission and the intrinsic properties of Mira variables." Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy 13, no. 3 (September 1992): 241–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02702293.

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Thirupathy, A., and C. Dhayalan. "EMPLOYEE RETENTION AND TURNOVER USINGMOTIVATIONAL VARIABLES AT INDIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 8(SE) (August 31, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i8(se).2016.2580.

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This research looked at the extent to which identified intrinsic and extrinsic motivational variables influenced the retention and reduction of employee turnover in both public and private sector organizations. The research was aimed at achieving the following objectives: identify and establish the key intrinsic and extrinsic motivational variables being used by selected public and private sector organizations in retaining their employees; determine the extent to which the identified intrinsic and extrinsic motivational variables are influencing employees’ retention and turnover in the selected organizations; and make recommendations to management of the selected organizations on how to effectively retain employees and reduce turnover. The study adopted the cross-sectional survey research design, investigating the extent to which selected motivational variables influence employees’ decision to either remain or quit an organization. Quantitative research design was used and this design was chosen because its findings are generalizable and the data objective. The study examined two public and two private sector organizations in India. The total population of the research comprised 1800 employees of the surveyed organizations with a sample size of 145 respondents. A self-developed questionnaire, measured on a Likert Scale was used to collect data from respondents. The questionnaire had a Cornbrash alpha coefficient of α = 0.85 suggesting that the instrument was reliable. The Chi-square test of association was used in testing the hypothesis of the study. The result showed that employees in both public and private sector organizations were, to a very large extent, influenced to stay in their respective organizations by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors. The following motivational variables were found to have significantly influenced employee retention in both the public and private sector organizations: training and development, challenging/interesting work, freedom for innovative thinking, and job security.

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Noda, Atsushi, Hideitsu Hino, Masami Tatsuno, Shotaro Akaho, and Noboru Murata. "Intrinsic Graph Structure Estimation Using Graph Laplacian." Neural Computation 26, no. 7 (July 2014): 1455–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00603.

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A graph is a mathematical representation of a set of variables where some pairs of the variables are connected by edges. Common examples of graphs are railroads, the Internet, and neural networks. It is both theoretically and practically important to estimate the intensity of direct connections between variables. In this study, a problem of estimating the intrinsic graph structure from observed data is considered. The observed data in this study are a matrix with elements representing dependency between nodes in the graph. The dependency represents more than direct connections because it includes influences of various paths. For example, each element of the observed matrix represents a co-occurrence of events at two nodes or a correlation of variables corresponding to two nodes. In this setting, spurious correlations make the estimation of direct connection difficult. To alleviate this difficulty, a digraph Laplacian is used for characterizing a graph. A generative model of this observed matrix is proposed, and a parameter estimation algorithm for the model is also introduced. The notable advantage of the proposed method is its ability to deal with directed graphs, while conventional graph structure estimation methods such as covariance selections are applicable only to undirected graphs. The algorithm is experimentally shown to be able to identify the intrinsic graph structure.

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Dambis, A. K., L. N. Berdnikov, A. Y. Kniazev, V. V. Kravtsov, A. S. Rastorguev, R. Sefako, and O. V. Vozyakova. "RR Lyrae variables: visual and infrared luminosities, intrinsic colours and kinematics." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 435, no. 4 (September 17, 2013): 3206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1514.

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Bortoletto, A., and R. Baptista. "Flickering Mapping of the Cataclysmic Variables." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 194 (July 2004): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100152923.

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We report results of simulation to evaluate the ability of the eclipse mapping method to reproduce the spatial distribution of flickering in cataclysmic variables stars.Flickering is a fast intrinsic brightness scintilation occurring on time scales from seconds to minutes with amplitudes of 0.01 - 1 mag. Flickering is observed in all sources believed to be powered by accretion is considered a fundamental signature of accretion. Nevertheless, it is one of the least undestood aspects of the accretion process.

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Giménez, Alvaro, Steven D. Kawaler, Conny Aerts, Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard, Michael Breger, Edward F. Guinan, Donald W. Kurtz, and Slavek M. Rucinski. "DIVISION V: VARIABLE STARS." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, T27A (December 2008): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308025623.

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Division V deals with all aspects of stellar variability, either intrinsic or due to eclipses by its companion in a binary system. In the case of intrinsic stellar variability the analysis of pulsating stars, surface inhomogeneities, stellar activity and oscillations are considered. For close binaries, classical detached eclipsing binaries are studied as well as more interacting systems, like contact and semi-detached binaries, or those with compact components, like cataclysmic variables and X-ray binaries, including the physics of accretion processes.

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Amin, Aamir, Mohd Fadzil Hassan, Mazeyanti Bt Mohd Ariffin, and Mobashar Rehman. "Knowledge Sharing: Two-Dimensional Motivation Perspective and the Role of Demographic Variables." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 10, no. 02 (June 2011): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649211002882.

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Knowledge Management (KM) efforts cannot be successful unless employees open their minds to share their valuable knowledge. Knowledge sharing is a voluntary act which requires an individual's motivation. Based on the notion that an individual's motivation is of two types, namely intrinsic and extrinsic, a framework of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators of knowledge sharing was presented at the International Symposium on Information Technology (ITSIM) in June 2010, in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. There is a lack of research work which attempts to understand knowledge sharing motivation from intrinsic as well as extrinsic motivational perspective. Hence, the proposed framework incorporated extrinsic rewards, representing extrinsic motivation, and Organisation Citizenship Behaviour (OCB), representing intrinsic motivation, in Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). Apart from understanding the individual's knowledge sharing motivation from a two-dimensional motivation perspective, the primary aim of this study is to extend the framework proposed in ITSIM'10 by adding demographic variable as a moderating variable. This will help to understand individual differences in knowledge sharing behaviour. At the same time, the study will present the results of ITSIM paper in detail. This study has used training institutes of an oil and gas company in Malaysia as a case. The proposed framework will overcome the research gaps in the literature by re-analysing the impact of extrinsic rewards, OCB and demographic variables on knowledge sharing. To test six major and, in total, 19 hypotheses, the questionnaire method was used to gather data from the trainers and facilitators at three training institutes of the oil and gas company. The data was analysed by using multi-regression technique. The results have shown that intrinsic motivation, represented by OCB in this study, is one of the strongest motivating factors for knowledge sharing behaviour, whereas extrinsic motivation, represented by extrinsic rewards in this study, has a moderate effect on an individual's knowledge sharing intention. The results have also shown that individuals differ in manifesting their knowledge sharing intention into behaviour based on their gender and education level, whereas there is no difference among individuals with different experience levels in manifesting their knowledge sharing intention into behaviour. The study will help to understand the individual's knowledge sharing motivation from intrinsic as well as extrinsic motivational perspectives and, at the same time, individual differences in knowledge sharing behaviour. It will aid the managers at training institutes to promote knowledge sharing in their organisations.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Intrinsic variables"

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Anderson, Tyler. "Determining Interstellar Reddening Using Intrinsic Colors of C- Type RR-Lyrae Variables." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1348595134.

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Hansen, Peter J. "The relationship between moral judgment and Christian beliefs with moderator variables of intrinsic religious orientation, socioeconomic status, year in school, and IQ /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345043569.

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Gashler, Michael S. "Advancing the Effectiveness of Non-Linear Dimensionality Reduction Techniques." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3216.

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Data that is represented with high dimensionality presents a computational complexity challenge for many existing algorithms. Limiting dimensionality by discarding attributes is sometimes a poor solution to this problem because significant high-level concepts may be encoded in the data across many or all of the attributes. Non-linear dimensionality reduction (NLDR) techniques have been successful with many problems at minimizing dimensionality while preserving intrinsic high-level concepts that are encoded with varying combinations of attributes. Unfortunately, many challenges remain with existing NLDR techniques, including excessive computational requirements, an inability to benefit from prior knowledge, and an inability to handle certain difficult conditions that occur in data with many real-world problems. Further, certain practical factors have limited advancement in NLDR, such as a lack of clarity regarding suitable applications for NLDR, and a general inavailability of efficient implementations of complex algorithms. This dissertation presents a collection of papers that advance the state of NLDR in each of these areas. Contributions of this dissertation include: • An NLDR algorithm, called Manifold Sculpting, that optimizes its solution using graduated optimization. This approach enables it to obtain better results than methods that only optimize an approximate problem. Additionally, Manifold Sculpting can benefit from prior knowledge about the problem. • An intelligent neighbor-finding technique called SAFFRON that improves the breadth of problems that existing NLDR techniques can handle. • A neighborhood refinement technique called CycleCut that further increases the robustness of existing NLDR techniques, and that can work in conjunction with SAFFRON to solve difficult problems. • Demonstrations of specific applications for NLDR techniques, including the estimation of state within dynamical systems, training of recurrent neural networks, and imputing missing values in data. • An open source toolkit containing each of the techniques described in this dissertation, as well as several existing NLDR algorithms, and other useful machine learning methods.

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Bester, Cornelia Maria. "Die rol van oorredingsveranderlikes tydens MIV/Vigs-programme by hoër skole in Potchefstroom / Cornelia Maria Bester." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1442.

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Persuasion communication, elaboration likelihood model, intrinsic persuasion variables, extrinsic persuasion variables, Life Orientation, HlV/Aids, grade 9 learners, guidance counselling, persuasion campaigns, credibility, motivation, capacity, youth The elaboration likelihood model (Petty & Caccioppo, 1996:l-309) in the field of persuasion communication explains the role that variables can play in the measure to which the youth can be influenced and persuaded by messages aimed at changing sexual risk behaviour. In order to offer the North West Province Department of Education's Life Orientation learning area, which is marked by a life skills approach, a better chance of success, it is important to determine which of the intrinsic and/or extrinsic variables-as is hypothesised by the elaboration likelihood model-play a role with grade 9 learners. Thus, the persuasion messages within Life Orientation could be adapted accordingly. The purpose of this study was to determine what role the intrinsic and/or extrinsic persuasion variables have in the presentation of Life Orientation classes to selected grade 9 learners at three Potchefstroom high schools. Relevant literature was analysed in regard to HlV/Aids campaigns and programmes that had been launched in South Africa, especially in instances where the theoretical framework corresponded with this study. The empirical study was done by way of methodological triangulation. An overall picture was formed by way of a quantitative survey questionnaire of the persuasion variables that are found among grade 9 learners in Potchefstroom, Promosa and Ikageng. Qualitative methods (focus groups, personal interviews and non-participatory observation) were employed to investigate the deeper seated aspects of the persuasion variables. The results of the study confirm the premise of the elaboration likelihood model, and proved that intrinsic persuasion variables play an important role with grade 9 learners when HlV/Aids persuasion messages are conveyed to them through Life Orientation classes. Thus, it can be inferred that grade 9 learners of the three selected Potchefstroom schools would process these persuasion messages via the central route, which enhances the chances of long term persuasion. Further, it appears that in this study extrinsic persuasion variables mostly played a strengthening role with regard to persuasion messages. The study deduces, therefore, that Life Orientation, and specifically the content that is focused on HIV/Aids, led to the successful persuasion of grade 9 learners in the selected schools. However, the study also makes important recommendations on how the impact of these persuasion messages can be even more heightened within the context of the elaboration likelihood model.
Thesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006

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Zapata, Rotundo Gerardo J. "La centralización en la organización y los incentivos intrínsecos: un estudio en medianas empresas." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114875.

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This quantitative study offers the partial results of a research project conducted in a population of medium-sized businesses in Lara State, Venezuela. The objective was to determine whether there is a relationship between the variables of organizational design: centralized decision making and intrinsic rewards. The theoretical framework developed provides a general hypothesis which was tested in a field study. Methodologically, the measurement scales of the studied variables were assessed for its reliability, and content validity and construct. Data processing consisted of statistical correlation analysis and simple regression. Results show that there is a significant negative relationship between a centralized system and the implementation of intrinsic rewards in the organization.
El presente trabajo de naturaleza cuantitativa ofrece los resultados parciales de un proyecto de investigación llevado a cabo en una población de medianas empresas del estado Lara, Venezuela1, y cuyo propósito fue determinar si existe una relación entre las variables de diseño organizativo: centralización de la toma de decisiones y los incentivos intrínsecos.Del desarrollo del marco teórico, se desprende una hipótesis general que fue contrastada a través de un estudio de campo. Metodológicamente, las escalas de medición utilizadas para operacionalizar las variables objeto de este trabajofueron sometidas tanto a la evaluación de su fiabilidad como de su validez de contenido y de constructo. El tratamiento de los datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de análisis estadísticos de correlación y regresión simple. Los resultados muestran que existe una relación negativa y significativa entre la centralización de la toma de decisiones y la implementación en la organización de incentivos intrínsecos.
Este estudo quantitativo apresenta os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa realizada em uma população de médias empresas no estado de Lara, Venezuela. O objetivo foi determinar se existe uma relação entre as variáveis do desenho organizacional: tomada de decisão centralizada e recompensas intrínsecas. O referencial teórico formula uma hipótese geral que foi testada numa pesquisa de campo. Metodologicamente, foram avaliadas a confiabilidade e a validade de conteúdo e construção das variáveis estudadas. O processamento de dados foi realizado utilizando a análise de correlação e regressão simples. Os resultados mostram que existe uma relação negativa significativa entre a tomada de decisão centralizada e as recompensas intrínsecas na organização.

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Liu, Li-yu Daisy. "Coefficient of intrinsic dependence: a new measure of association." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2397.

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To detect dependence among variables is an essential task in many scientific investigations. In this study we propose a new measure of association, the coefficient of intrinsic dependence (CID), which takes value in [0,1] and faithfully reflects the full range of dependence for two random variables. The CID is free of distributional and functional assumptions. It can be easily implemented and extended to multivariate situations. Traditionally, the correlation coefficient is the preferred measure of association. However, it's effectiveness is considerably compromised when the random variables are not normally distributed. Besides, the interpretation of the correlation coefficient is difficult when the data are categorical. By contrast, the CID is free of these problems. In our simulation studies, we find that the ability of the CID in differentiating different levels of dependence remains robust across different data types (categorical or continuous) and model features (linear or curvilinear). Also, the CID is particularly effective when the dependence is strong, making it a powerful tool for variable selection. As an illustration, the CID is applied to variable selection in two aspects: classification and prediction. The analysis of actual data from a study of breast cancer gene expression is included. For the classification problem, we identify a pair of genes that best classify a patient's prognosis signature, and for the prediction problem, we identify a pair of genes that best relates to the expression of a specific gene.

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Witzel, Gunther [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Eckart, Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Zilges, and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Schneider. "Intrinsic Near-Infrared Properties of the Variable Source Sagittarius A* / Gunther Witzel. Gutachter: Andreas Eckart ; Andreas Zilges ; Peter Schneider." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1038226619/34.

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Höppner, Hannes [Verfasser], Patrick van der [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Smagt, and Veit [Gutachter] Senner. "Analysis of Human Intrinsic Stiffness Modulation and its Use in Variable-Stiffness Robots / Hannes Höppner ; Gutachter: Patrick van der Smagt, Veit Senner ; Betreuer: Patrick van der Smagt." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122738358/34.

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Jonasson, Therese, and Andrea Kupari. "Arbetsrelaterad stress hos fastighetsmäklare : En analys av i vilken utsträckning olika variabler är stressande i fastighetsmäklaryrket." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-17013.

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I vårt arbete har vi analyserat vilka variabler som är mer eller mindre stressande i yrket som fastighetsmäklare. De variabler vi valt att undersöka är faktorer inneboende i arbetet, roll i organisationen, karriärutveckling, relationer på arbetet, organisationsstruktur och klimat samt utomorganisatoriska källor till stress. Sammanlagt medverkade 426 fastighetsmäklare från 8 olika fastighetsmäklarföretag i en enkätundersökning. Resultaten har sedan analyserats med hjälp av ett flertal olika statistiska analyser. Resultatet från undersökningen innebär en revision av de tidigare sex variablerna till fyra nya: organisationsklimat, ansvar, tid och händelser i livet. Slutsatsen är att faktorn ”Tid” har fyra gånger så stor inverkan på känslan av arbetsrelaterad stress hos fastighetsmäklare i jämförelse med de övriga tre variablerna. Genom resultatet i vårt arbete bidrar vi med information till fastighetsmäklarorganisationer, om vilka faktorer de behöver arbeta med för att minska den arbetsrelaterade stressen hos fastighetsmäklare.
In our work, we have analyzed which variables are more or less stressful in the profession of real estate brokers. The variables we chose to examine are the factors intrinsic to job, role in organization, career development, relationships at work, organizational structure and climate, and extra-organizational sources of stress. A total of 426 brokers from 8 different real estate brokerage firms, participated in a survey. The results were then analyzed using a variety of statistical analyzes. The results from the survey represent a revision of the previous six variables to four new ones: organizational climate, responsibility, time and life events. It is concluded that the factor “Time” has four times the impact on the sense of work-related stress among realtors in comparison with the other three variables. The result of our work, contribute with information to the real estate brokerage organizations, which factors they need to work on, in order to reduce work-related stress among brokers.

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Swan, Richard Heywood. "Deriving Operational Principles for the Design of Engaging Learning Experiences." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2573.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Intrinsic variables"

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Chandra, Saurabh, ed. SOCRATES (Vol 3, No 2 (2015): Issue- June). 3rd ed. India: SOCRATES : SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL, 2015.

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Matheron, Georges. Matheron's Theory of Regionalised Variables. Edited by Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn and Jean Serra. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198835660.001.0001.

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This book has never been published before, although its contents have provided the basis for hundreds of papers, theses, and books on geostatistics. The chapters are based on the lectures of a summer course given by Georges Matheron in 1970; initially written in French, they were translated into English by Charles Huijbregts. They do not contain mathematical technicalities or practical case studies; instead, they present major topics like estimation variances, kriging systems, mining estimation, and intrinsic theory, all of which are established by simple proofs. The reader is invited to wonder about the physical meaning of the notions Matheron deals with. When Matheron wrote these lectures, he considered the theory of linear geostatistics complete; however, what was an ending for Matheron has been the starting point for most geostatisticians. Many discovered the book’s content indirectly, via the many borrowings one can find in several books; in such a situation, it is always instructive to come back to the original document, where the author's motivations, his physical intuitions, and his thoughts on the meaning of what he does are detailed. The decision to publish this book was motivated by the desire to introduce Matheron’s work to a larger audience. The book has remained faithful to the original notes while introducing a common structure for the chapters and sections, numbering equations sequentially within each chapter, numbering the figures (most of which were redrawn) sequentially, and adding captions. In addition, Matheron’s comments on the exercises, or suggestions for solutions, have been added.

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Murray, Kathleen H. INTRINSIC, EXTRINSIC, AND CONTEXTUAL WORK VARIABLES INFLUENCING JOB SATISFACTION/TURNOVER AMONG REGISTERED NURSES IN SELECTED NEW JERSEY HOSPITALS. 1988.

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Davila, Antonio, and Angelo Ditillo. Management Control Systems and Creativity. Edited by Michael A. Hitt, Susan E. Jackson, Salvador Carmona, Leonard Bierman, Christina E. Shalley, and Douglas Michael Wright. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190650230.013.24.

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This chapter argues that designing management control systems to enhance creativity requires a fundamental shift in how these systems are conceptualized, namely, as enablers of creativity. Concepts such as diagnostic and interactive, enabling and coercive, and inspirational and directional provide a head start in this respect. A new research agenda is proposed around three main lines: first, the exploration of traditional control concepts in an environment where intrinsic motivation dominates; second, the study of how management control systems are designed and used in settings where aesthetic creativity plays a central role; and, third, an investigation of the differences across management control systems as creativity, organizational design, and people’s characteristics vary. Research focused on the link between management control systems and intrinsic motivation, aesthetic creativity, and contextual variables will enhance our understanding of a topic that is central to innovation and increasingly important in establishing competitive advantage.

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Oliver, Charles M., and S. Ramani Moonesinghe. Setting rate, volume, and time in ventilatory support. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0093.

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Ventilator rate, volume, and time parameters are interrelated directly, mechanically, and physiologically, and interactions between intrinsic pulmonary physio-mechanics, pathology and the effects of mechanical ventilation complex. The physiological consequences of mechanical ventilation and risks of ventilator-induced trauma may be exacerbated by lung pathology. Programming of ventilator parameters should be considered within the context of an individualized ventilatory strategy to achieve adequate gas exchange, while minimizing attendant risks of mechanical ventilation. Recommended strategies should be modified within accepted limits to mitigate disease-specific risks. Parameters should subsequently be titrated against blood gas- and ventilator-derived targets, and other clinical variables.

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Menzies, Peter. The Problem of Counterfactual Isomorphs. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746911.003.0009.

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Counterfactual isomorphs are pairs of systems where: (1) the pattern of counterfactual dependence among the variables is isomorphic; but (2) the relations of actual causation need not be. Counterfactual isomorphs present a prima facie challenge to any theory of actual causation that is framed in terms of counterfactuals. Menzies responds to this problem by proposing that actual causation be defined in terms of counterfactual dependence under ideal coonditions. Determination of what constitute ideal conditions is motivated by the intuition that actual causation should depend only on the intrinsic process consisting of the events connecting the cause and the effect. Since counterfactual isomorphs need not have isomorphic ideal conditions, they can differ with respect to relations of actual causation.

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Beattie, R. Mark, Anil Dhawan, and John W.L. Puntis. Drug-induced liver injury. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569862.003.0052.

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Epidemiology 374Pathophysiology 374Herbal drugs and alternative medicines 377Risk factors 377Clinical features 378Investigation 379Management 380Drug induced liver injury (DILI) is a variable and complex diagnosis of exclusion, as it can present in different ways. Because of the liver's central role in drug metabolism, most prescribed drugs can cause liver injury. Liver damage can occur through drugs in a predictable, intrinsic dose-related way or in a unpredictable, idiosyncratic dose-unrelated fashion....

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Crispin, Darla, and Stefan Östersjö. Musical expression from conception to reception. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199346677.003.0021.

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The word ‘expression’, when applied to music, has a comfortably familiar ring to it. However, on careful scrutiny it turns out to be more elusive than one might think. Intrinsic to musical expression is the idea that within music there is something to be expressed, and that this might be reinforced (or undermined) by the performance strategies adopted. The issue becomes more complicated when one asks whether the ‘something’ in question equates to inchoate feeling, to apprehensible meaning or to both in variable proportions. This chapter reviews historical approaches to musical expression and argues that the concept of Werktreue still shapes much of our thinking and teaching in this area. This leads to a consideration of the respective roles of composer, performer and audience, generating a diagrammatic matrix which is progressively modified throughout the chapter. In its final, most dynamic version, the matrix proposes a ‘field of musical expression’ in which the roles of composer, performer and listener interact. The authors suggest that the time is ripe for more interdisciplinary research on musical expression, where a fusion of approaches—from music psychology and computing to performance studies and artistic research—may be the key to a deeper understanding.

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Book chapters on the topic "Intrinsic variables"

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Rougee, P. "The Intrinsic Lagrangian Metric and Stress Variables." In Finite Inelastic Deformations — Theory and Applications, 217–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84833-9_21.

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Donalds, Charlette, Kweku-Muata Osei-Bryson, and Sergey Samoilenko. "Exploring the Impacts of Intrinsic Variables on Security Compliance Efficiency Using DEA and MARS." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 751–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18400-1_61.

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Juget, J., V. Goubier, and D. Barthélémy. "Intrinsic and extrinsic variables controlling the productivity of asexual populations of Nais spp, (Naididae, Oligochaeta)." In Aquatic Oligochaete Biology, 177–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2393-5_19.

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Heylen, Rob, Mario Parente, and Paul Scheunders. "Estimation of the Intrinsic Dimensionality in Hyperspectral Imagery via the Hubness Phenomenon." In Latent Variable Analysis and Signal Separation, 357–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53547-0_34.

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Albu-Schäffer, Alin, Oliver Eiberger, Matthias Fuchs, Markus Grebenstein, Sami Haddadin, Christian Ott, Andreas Stemmer, et al. "Anthropomorphic Soft Robotics – From Torque Control to Variable Intrinsic Compliance." In Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics, 185–207. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19457-3_12.

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Qiao, Hong, Chao Ma, and Rui Li. "Learning an Intrinsic-Variable Preserving Manifold for Dynamic Visual Tracking." In The “Hand-eye-brain” System of Intelligent Robot, 59–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3575-5_8.

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Othman, M. A., N. Y. M. Yasin, T. S. M. Arshad, Z. A. F. M. Napiah, M. M. Ismail, H. A. Sulaiman, M. H. Misran, M. A. Meor Said, and R. A. Ramlee. "Variable Intrinsic Region in CMOS PIN Photodiode for I–V Characteristic Analysis." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 95–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07674-4_10.

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Wu, Zhenhang, Manuel Paredes, and Sébastien Seguy. "Constraint Analysis and Optimization of NES System Based on Variable Pitch Spring." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 162–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_26.

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AbstractThis study proposes the realization of a device with a pure cubic stiffness mechanism to suppress a wide range of vibrations, which is known as the Nonlinear Energy Sink. Deciding how to construct a light, reliable NES device is always a challenge. According to our design, the device can counterbalance the undesirable linear stiffness that emerges from the intrinsic property of a variable pitch spring. Our goal is to reduce the mass of the spring while keeping the same cubic stiffness. Through the multifaceted analysis of the nonlinear constraint, we try to explore the full potential of NES device to reduce its mass. Meanwhile, a global search method, Multi Start, is applied by repeatedly running a local solver. Finally, a new design with different variable pitch distribution is proposed.

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Kempka, Henning. "Intrinsic Characterization and the Extension Operator in Variable Exponent Function Spaces on Special Lipschitz Domains." In Function Spaces and Inequalities, 175–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6119-6_8.

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Matheron, Georges. "Theory of Intrinsic Random Functions." In Matheron's Theory of Regionalised Variables, edited by Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn and Jean Serra, 45–100. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198835660.003.0003.

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Chapter 3 discusses intrinsic random functions Y(x) of the space variable x, i.e. functions whose mean and variance of the increments Y(x + h) − Y(x) depend on h only. Half of this variance defines the variogram γ‎(h). The behaviour of the variogram near the origin, such as continuity, the nugget effect, etc., expresses the regularity of these functions. Regularisations of them, by grading and convolutions, produce new variograms, via the same rules as for transitive methods. When Z(v) and Z(v′) are the averages of these functions in v and v′, respectively, then the variance of Z(v) − Z(v′) by attributing to v′ the grade in v is called extension variance. Its formal expression is given and calculated for various patterns of sampling v, in dimensions 1, 2, or 3, via the de Wijsian scheme and the spherical scheme, and for various models of variograms, such as the semi-variogram.

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Conference papers on the topic "Intrinsic variables"

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Tavakkoli, Shahriar, and Sanjay G. Dhande. "Shape Synthesis and Optimization Using Intrinsic Geometry." In ASME 1990 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1990-0074.

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Abstract The present paper outlines a method of shape synthesis using intrinsic geometry to be used for two-dimensional shape optimization problems. It is observed that the shape of a curve can be defined in terms of intrinsic parameters such as the curvature as a function of the arc length. The method of shape synthesis, proposed here, consists of selecting a shape model, defining a set of shape design variables and then evaluating Cartesian coordinates of a curve. A shape model is conceived as a set of continuous piecewise linear segments of the curvature; each segment defined as a function of the arc length. The shape design variables are the values of curvature and/or arc lengths at some of the end-points of the linear segments. The proposed method of shape synthesis and optimization is general in nature. It has been shown how the proposed method can be used to find the optimal shape of a planar Variable Geometry Truss (VGT) manipulator for a pre-specified position and orientation of the end-effector. In conclusion, it can be said that the proposed approach requires fewer design variables as compared to the methods where shape is represented using spline-like functions.

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Mutasim, Zaher. "Intrinsic and Extrinsic Variable Effects on Thermal Barrier Coatings Life." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30273.

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Thermal barrier coating life is dependent on many intrinsic and extrinsic variables within the environment that they operate within. Intrinsic variables include material composition, mechanical and thermal properties, microstructure and ceramic coating thickness. On the other hand, extrinsic variables include cycle time, interface and top surface temperatures, and the gaseous environment, among others. Laboratory testing was conducted to determine the effects of these variables on TBC life. This paper addresses TBC life as a function of microstructure, thickness, and interface temperature.

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Widmann, James M., and Sheri D. Sheppard. "Intrinsic Geometry for Shape Optimal Design With Analysis Model Compatibility." In ASME 1994 Design Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1994 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exhibition and the ASME 1994 8th Annual Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1994-0137.

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Abstract This paper presents a comparison of geometric modeling techniques and their applicability to structural shape optimization. A method of shape definition based on intrinsic geometric quantities is then outlined. Explicit knowledge of curvature and arc length allow for a quantitative assessment of the compatibility of analysis model with the design model when using finite elements to determine structural response quantities. The compatibility condition is formalized by controlling finite element idealization error and is incorporated into the shape optimization model as simple bounds on the curvature design variables. Several examples of shape optimization problems are solved using sequential quadratic programming which proves to be an effective tool for maintaining the geometric equality constraints that arise from intrinsically defined curves.

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Zhu, Xiaofeng, Cong Lei, Hao Yu, Yonggang Li, Jiangzhang Gan, and Shichao Zhang. "Robust Graph Dimensionality Reduction." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/452.

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In this paper, we propose conducting Robust Graph Dimensionality Reduction (RGDR) by learning a transformation matrix to map original high-dimensional data into their low-dimensional intrinsic space without the influence of outliers. To do this, we propose simultaneously 1) adaptively learning three variables, \ie a reverse graph embedding of original data, a transformation matrix, and a graph matrix preserving the local similarity of original data in their low-dimensional intrinsic space; and 2) employing robust estimators to avoid outliers involving the processes of optimizing these three matrices. As a result, original data are cleaned by two strategies, \ie a prediction of original data based on three resulting variables and robust estimators, so that the transformation matrix can be learnt from accurately estimated intrinsic space with the helping of the reverse graph embedding and the graph matrix. Moreover, we propose a new optimization algorithm to the resulting objective function as well as theoretically prove the convergence of our optimization algorithm. Experimental results indicated that our proposed method outperformed all the comparison methods in terms of different classification tasks.

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Leamy, Michael J. "Dynamic Finite Element Modeling of Carbon Nanotubes Using an Intrinsic Formulation." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84482.

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This article presents an efficient explicit dynamic formulation for modeling curved and twisted Carbon Nanotubes (CNT’s) based on a recently-developed intrinsic beam description (i.e. the dynamic state given by curvatures, strains, and velocities only) [Hodges, 2003] together with a finite element discretization incorporating atomistic potentials. This approach offers several advantages primarily related to the model’s computational efficiency: 1) the resulting partial differential equations governing motion are in first-order form (i.e. have first-order time derivatives only), 2) the system nonlinearities appear at low order, 3) the intrinsic description incorporating curvature allows low-order interpolation functions to describe generally curved and twisted nanotube centerlines, 4) inter-element displacements, slopes, and curvatures are matched at the element boundaries, and 5) finite rotational variables are absent, along with their inherit complexities. In addition, the developed model and finite element discretization are able to capture the nanotube’s dynamic response, without the expense of calculating the dynamic response of individual atoms as per Molecular Dynamics models. Simulation results are presented which illustrate the dynamic response of a typical CNT to axial, bending, and torsional loading. Results from the simulations are compared to similar results available in the literature, and close agreement is documented.

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Shankar, Shiv, Daniel Sheldon, Tao Sun, John Pickering, and Thomas G. Dietterich. "Three-quarter Sibling Regression for Denoising Observational Data." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/826.

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Many ecological studies and conservation policies are based on field observations of species, which can be affected by systematic variability introduced by the observation process. A recently introduced causal modeling technique called 'half-sibling regression' can detect and correct for systematic errors in measurements of multiple independent random variables. However, it will remove intrinsic variability if the variables are dependent, and therefore does not apply to many situations, including modeling of species counts that are controlled by common causes. We present a technique called 'three-quarter sibling regression' to partially overcome this limitation. It can filter the effect of systematic noise when the latent variables have observed common causes. We provide theoretical justification of this approach, demonstrate its effectiveness on synthetic data, and show that it reduces systematic detection variability due to moon brightness in moth surveys.

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Gram, J., C. Kluft, and J. Jespersen. "CHANGES IN t-PA ACTIVITY AND INHIBITION AS PART OF THE ACUTE PHASE REACTION IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643014.

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Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is accompanied by sequential fluctuations in several plasma proteins indicative of an acute phase reaction. Global screening tests (ECLT and WBCLT) have revealed temporary depression of systemic fibrinolysis. However, such tests do not allow definite conclusions regarding the specific variables involved.In a prospective study of 34 patients with AMI we determined selected variables involved in fibrinolysis, and in addition we investigated whether any fluctuation was related to the development of leg vein thrombosis (isotope-technique) or due to AMI. Blood samples were collected on days 1,2,4,6,8 after admission and eight weeks (recovery) after discharge. Euglobulin fibrinolytic activity was determined on fibrin plates. The measured activity was lower in the initial acute period (≤ 48 h after AMI) than in the recovery period (p<0.05). The intrinsic fibrinolytic proactivators (representing more than 95% of the total activator potential of plasma) did not change during the period of study. Levels in the euglobulins of C1-inactivator (the main inhibitor of the intrinsic system) were constant during the first 48 hours. This suggests that the observed reduction represents t-PA activity and this was verified by specific assay of t-PA. The t-PA inhibition capacity in plasma was elevated in the initial acute period compared to the recovery period (week 8; p<0.05). C-reactive protein and fibrinogen followed another pattern with the highest plasma level at day 4 and day 6, respectively. Plasma levels of C1-inactivator increased slowly with a peak at day 8. There was no difference of the determined variables between the DVT negative and positive group, suggesting that the observed changes were due to myocardial injury. Our findings show that components of the fibrinolytic system take part in the acute phase reaction following AMI, and that this involves a brief, initial period of reduced fibrinolytic potential (<48h). The initial, high levels of t-PA inhibition deserve consideration in regard to the institution of thrombolytic therapy with t-PA. (Undertaken within the frame of ECAT).

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Montague, Joshua R., Kris A. Bertness, Norman A. Sanford, Victor M. Bright, and Charles T. Rogers. "Capacitive Readout Technique for Studies of Dissipation in GaN Nanowire Mechanical Resonators." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65420.

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A variable-temperature homodyne reflectometry measurement technique for detecting nanoscale mechanical motion has recently been developed. We have extended this technique to make the first all-electrical measurements of an ensemble of as-grown, c-axis, single-crystal gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires. These nanowires are approximately 15 μm in length and 100 nm in diameter, and have fundamental resonance frequencies near 1 MHz, and mechanical quality factors, Q, (resonance frequency divided by resonance width) in excess of 104. These high-Q values are sensitive to surface conditions and offer the opportunity to study intrinsic damping mechanisms in the nanoscale resonators. The new microwave measurement technique has allowed us to study the ensemble behavior of nanowire resonances while varying extrinsic variables (e.g., temperature) and obtain statistics on nanowire resonance behavior. Our apparatus allows measurements to be made in either a two-phase lock-in mode, or in a power-spectrum mode, both of which have unique advantages. Our measurements demonstrate a position-spectral noise floor of 0.3 nm/ Hz, largely set by the dynamic range of our microwave readout system.

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Quan, Haiyong, and Zhixiong Guo. "Analytical Solution of Whispering-Gallery Modes." In ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33124.

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Advances in MEMS/NEMS techniques have enabled high-Q whispering-gallery modes in integrated microcavities. Potential applications of optical microcavities include quantum informatics, novel micro/nano sources, dynamic filters, and micro/nanosensors. It is important to understand the intrinsic resonant modes of a cavity. In this report, we will analyze whispering-gallery modes in resonators of planar structure which is common in MEMS devices. The wave equation is solved by using the method of separation of variables with appropriate boundary conditions. Analytical formulations are established. The resonance frequencies as well as the electric field distributions in exemplary resonators are presented for a variety of whispering-gallery modes.

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Emery, A. F. "Estimation of Multi-Parameter Models by Least Squares and Adaptive Filters." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32428.

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Parameter estimation is based upon a comparison of predicted deterministic model responses to data. The models are often numerical, e.g., finite volume, with intrinsic inaccuracies. In addition, the models typically assume a full knowledge of the physical processes. By using the concept of state variables and employing the Kalman filter approach it is possible to include undetermined effects in the model. This paper describes such an approach to the estimation of thermal conductivity in a transiently heated and cooled one dimensional system and shows that it leads to a resolution of questions about the time behavior of the residuals previously observed in an estimation based upon the least squares analysis.

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