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Books on the topic 'Introduction effort'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Schneider, Jörg, and Ton Vrouwenvelder. Introduction to safety and reliability of structures. 3rd ed. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed005.

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<p>Society expects that buildings and other structures are safe for the people who use them or who are near them. The failure of a building or structure is expected to be an extremely rare event. Thus, society implicitly relies on the expertise of the professionals involved in the planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of the structures it uses.<p>Structural engineers devote all their effort to meeting society’s expectations effi ciently. Engineers and scientists work together to develop solutions to structural problems. Given that nothing is absolutely and etern

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2

Salikhov, K. M. Magnetic isotope effect in radical reactions: An introduction. Wien: Springer, 1996.

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3

Barrie, Andrew. Translocation of roan antelope in South Africa and the effect this has had on the genetic diversity of the species. [South Africa]: [s.n.], 2003.

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4

Angus, Fergusson, Whitewood Bob, Hengeveld Henry 1947-, and Canada Environment Canada, eds. An introduction to climate change: A Canadian perspective. [Ottawa]: Environment Canada, 2005.

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5

Dagger, Richard. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199388837.003.0001.

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This book aims to develop a unified theory of political obligation and the justification of punishment that takes its bearings from the principle of fair play. Much has been written on each of these subjects, of course, including numerous essays in recent years that approach one or the other topic in fair-play terms. However, there has been no sustained effort to link the two in a fair-play theory of political obligation and punishment. This book undertakes such an effort. This introduction explains why such a theory is an attractive possibility and how the argument for it unfolds in the succe

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Charon, Rita, Sayantani DasGupta, Nellie Hermann, Craig Irvine, Eric R. Marcus, Edgar Rivera Colón, Danielle Spencer, and Maura Spiegel. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360192.003.0001.

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The care of the sick centers on the giving and receiving of accounts of illness. Narrative medicine arose at the turn of this century to equip healthcare professionals with the capacity to skillfully receive these accounts—to recognize, absorb, interpret, and be moved to action by the stories patients tell. The Introduction summarizes the field’s emergence from narrative theory and primary healthcare in an effort to heighten the attention of clinicians for their patients, strengthen their perception of a patient’s situation, and deepen the affiliation between them. The field’s scholarly, educa

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Browning, Birch P. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199928200.003.0001.

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It is possible to be both an artistic musician and an effective educator. Becoming both is a process that requires relentless effort to comprehend and apply basic understandings of how music works and how students learn. The core concepts of both fields can be organized into frameworks of understanding, from which details can be derived and on which musical and instructional decisions can be based. During the process of becoming a musician-educator, the student must make wise decisions about what needs to be learned, how it will be learned, and how the knowledge and skills will be used or enga

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Scheipers, Sibylle. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799047.003.0001.

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During his early years, Clausewitz spent a large amount of time and effort on analysing small wars. Yet his legacy as a thinker of small war has been neglected by the mainstream traditions of Clausewitz scholarship in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The narrow interpretation of Clausewitz as a paradigmatic thinker of major interstate war was largely a result of a lack of engagement with Clausewitz’s historical intellectual context. The introduction gives an overview of both the mainstream Clausewitz reception and Clausewitz’s contemporary context. Finally, it discusses methodological p

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Roberson, Quinetta M. Introduction. Edited by Quinetta M. Roberson. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199736355.013.0001.

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Diversity refers to differences among people. While such differences are characteristic of the human race, socio-cultural and economic trends have given rise to such variation in organizational workforces as well. To keep pace with society and the changing business environment, researchers across a number of disciplines have studied the phenomenon in an effort to understand its meaning, import, operation and consequences in organizations. The purpose of this chapter is to consider the environmental trends that have changed the composition of workforces and brought diversity to the forefront as

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10

Goodall, Alex. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038037.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter analyzes how conflicting impulses for loyalty and liberty shaped the politics of countersubversion between World War I and the McCarthy era. By examining the ways this intellectual problem manifested in various historical contexts, the chapter uncovers a history of fits and starts rather than simple, linear progression: waves of growth in political policing followed by undercurrents of reform. The contradictory effort to retain historic freedoms while simultaneously limiting them is what gave American countersubversion its distinctively American character: populist, l

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Goodier, Susan. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037474.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter sets out the book's primary goal, which is to understand the movement for women's rights from the point of view of the women who opposed their enfranchisement in New York State. Recovering a clearer understanding of attitudes regarding women's power, as well as the meaning of the vote to women of the time, more accurately illuminates any study of women's rights movements of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The book analyzes activities at the local and state levels, and those that connected New York State to the national perspective, in an effort to clarify the

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Clark, Catherine E. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190681647.003.0001.

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What is the history of preserving, writing, exhibiting, theorizing, and imagining the history of Paris photographically? How, when, and to what end did photographs become interesting as historical evidence—and more specifically, evidence of the history of Paris—and to whom? These questions can be best answered by an institutional history of photo collecting in the city’s historical museum and library alongside an effort to traces the uses of photographs by amateur and popular historians, publishers, and photographers beyond their walls. This investigation builds on literatures about the city o

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Gordon, Matthew S. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190622183.003.0001.

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Concubines and Courtesans examines the intersection of slavery, gender, social networking, cultural production (music, poetry, and dance), sexuality, Islamic family law, and religion. The essays that make up the volume range over nearly a thousand years of Islamic history—from the early, formative period (7th–10th century CE) to the late Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal eras (16th–18th century CE)—and regions from al-Andalus (Islamic Spain) to Central Asia (Timurid Iran). The close, common thread is an effort to account for the lives, careers, and representations of female slaves participating in

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Abrahams, Frank, and Paul D. Head. Introduction. Edited by Frank Abrahams and Paul D. Head. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199373369.013.28.

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As editors and contributing authors, we found one of the largest challenges of this project to be the very definition of the project itself. What is Choral Pedagogy? Should this volume focus on research? Conducting theory? A cappella singing? The mentors and trail-blazers in the profession? In fact, we believe that the strength of this project is the effort to acknowledge that a study of choral pedagogy requires a comprehensive approach that embraces the immediate relevance between research, theory, and practice. This chapter speaks to the philosophical stance of the editors, the identity of t

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Montgomery, Erwin B. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.003.0001.

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Even by the standards at the time of the first edition, programming for some patients can still be a challenge. Even with the old systems, there were literally thousands of possible combinations of stimulator parameters which often intimidates programmers. The increase in functionality, such as multiple stimulation patterns and interleaved electrode configurations, has exponentially increased the number of combinations of DBS settings. Fortunately, most patients respond to a similar and narrow range of combinations, provided that the DBS stimulating leads are optimally placed. For other patien

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Fulford, K. W. M., Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Introduction. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0065.

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This Section examines several moral dilemmas and epistemological aporias in clinical practice and shows how clinicians can benefit from the introduction of philosophical methods and discourse. The authors develop these issues having in mind emblematic mental disorders (e.g. depression, personality disorders, schizophrenia) and typical clinical situations (e.g. how to establish an effective therapeutic relationship with borderline persons, dream interpretation, cognitive-behavioural therapy). One important claim shared by the Authors is that a great effort has been made to ground psychiatry on

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Kerrigan, John. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793755.003.0001.

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Most people interested in Shakespeare have wondered about his originality. Is it true that his plays were adapted from other authors’ plays, poems, and romances? Are his best-known speeches really lifted out of Montaigne and Plutarch? If so—and it is far from entirely so—does it matter, any more than it does when a classic movie is based on a novel? What distinctions and relationships hold between originality, collaboration, and adaptation? To think adequately about such questions requires a lot of information-gathering and sifting, but the effort is worthwhile because it helps us identify cre

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Delaney, Douglas E. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198704461.003.0001.

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The introduction sets the scope in terms of perspective and time span. This is an imperial history—from the time that imperial authorities decided to address seriously the military problems of the empire (1902) until the end of the last great imperial war effort (1945). These wide parameters are critical. Only by stepping outside the bounds of national histories can one appreciate the imperial ‘big picture’. After all, the interoperability of the imperial armies would not have been necessary were it not for imperial military problems. And only by taking a longer view can one see the full arc o

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Tallberg, Jonas, Karin Bäckstrand, and Jan Aart Scholte. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826873.003.0001.

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Legitimacy is central for the capacity of global governance institutions to address problems such as climate change, trade protectionism, and human rights abuses. However, despite legitimacy’s importance for global governance, its workings remain poorly understood. That is the core concern of this volume, which engages with the overarching question: whether, why, how, and with what consequences global governance institutions gain, sustain, and lose legitimacy. This introductory chapter explains the rationale of the book, introduces its conceptual framework, reviews existing literature, and pre

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Brown, Stewart J., Peter Nockles, and James Pereiro. Introduction. Edited by Stewart J. Brown, Peter Nockles, and James Pereiro. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199580187.013.50.

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In the wake of an era of political and social turmoil, the Oxford Movement represented an effort to recover the Catholic and apostolic patrimony of the Church of England. It had its precursors and background context, but burst forth in 1833 as a potentially disruptive force, challenging contemporaries and provoking opposition. Although the personality and genius of John Henry Newman lay at its heart, the Movement proved greater and more enduring than Newman’s personal Anglican history and took on new life after his departure for Rome in 1845. As the Movement moved away from its Oxford origins

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Westfahl, Gary. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037801.003.0001.

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This book offers a comprehensive study of William Gibson's career as a science fiction writer, focusing not only on his novels and stories but also on his other works such as publications in science fiction fanzines and contributions to elusive books. Having read almost all of Gibson's published works (including over 170 interviews), the author examines aspects of Gibson's works that are visibly most important to him. For example, he has always been and remains, in his background and proclivities, a science fiction writer. In addition, he has grown especially intrigued by both tinkerers with n

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Fox, Kieran C. R., and Kalina Christoff. Introduction. Edited by Kalina Christoff and Kieran C. R. Fox. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464745.013.44.

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Enormous questions still loom for the emerging science of spontaneous thought: What, exactly, is spontaneous thought? Why does the human brain engage in spontaneous forms of thinking, and when is this most likely to occur? And perhaps the question most interesting and accessible from a scientific perspective: How does the brain generate, elaborate, and evaluate its own spontaneous creations? The central aim of this volume is to bring together views from neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, phenomenology, history, education, contemplative traditions, and clinical practice in order to begin to

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Cave, Terence, and Deirdre Wilson, eds. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794776.003.0001.

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After initial remarks on the relations between literature, language, and communication, the Introduction outlines the main assumptions of relevance theory, explaining the distinctions between coded and ‘ostensive’ communication, between ‘meaning’ and ‘import’, and between ‘showing’ and ‘telling’. It considers the role of relevance and inference in comprehension; discusses how implicatures are derived in context and why words are not always used to convey their literal meanings; reflects on the nature of metaphor and irony, and examines the relation between processing effort, rhetoric, and styl

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Weiss, Shira. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190684426.003.0001.

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The introductory chapter describes Joseph Albo’s biography and historical context to provide background for an analysis of his work. The structure and content of his popular Sefer ha-‘Iqqarim is discussed, as well as his philosophical influences. Criticism of Albo as an unoriginal philosopher is described in an effort to refute the scholarly consensus and argue for the philosophical ingenuity embedded within Albo’s individual homilies. The explicit objective of Albo’s Sefer ha-‘Iqqarim was to provide an explication of dogma to defend the authenticity of Judaism and create a uniform set of Jewi

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Songster, E. Elena. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199393671.003.0001.

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Panda Nation examines the giant panda and its fascinating qualities as an animal while tracing the story of its rise from obscurity to global prominence as a symbol of nature and the nation of China. The book places this story in the historical and political context of the tumultuous history of the People’s Republic of China. The emergence of the giant panda as a national icon was made possible in part by its own striking natural appearance and allure, but ultimately was the result of China’s effort to define itself as a nation. As the subject of government-directed science and popular nationa

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Drachen, Anders, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart E. Nacke. Introduction to Games User Research. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794844.003.0001.

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This chapter provides an introduction to the field of Games User Research (GUR) and to the present book. GUR is an interdisciplinary field of practice and research concerned with ensuring the optimal quality of usability and user experience in digital games. GUR inevitably involves any aspect of a video game that players interface with, directly or indirectly. This book aims to provide the foundational, accessible, go-to resource for people interested in GUR. It is a community-driven effort—it is written by passionate professionals and researchers in the GUR community as a handbook and guide f

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Steel, Duncan G. Introduction to Quantum Nanotechnology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895073.001.0001.

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Quantum physics is rapidly emerging as a transformative approach to expand the frontiers of technology in areas including communications, information processing, metrology, and sensing. Indeed, the end of Moore’s Law looms in the near future and quantum effects in modern electronics such as quantum tunneling are a limiting factor. In contrast, in new technology based on quantum behavior, the quantum properties represent a new dimension of opportunity. This shift is already creating a growing need for engineers and physical scientists who have specialized knowledge in this area, in order to con

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Shapiro, Stewart. Philosophy of Mathematics and Its Logic: Introduction. Edited by Stewart Shapiro. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195325928.003.0001.

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Mathematics plays an important role in virtually every scientific effort, no matter what part of the world it is aimed at. There is scarcely a natural or a social science that does not have substantial mathematics prerequisites. The burden on any complete philosophy of mathematics is to show how mathematics is applied to the material world, and to show how the methodology of mathematics (whatever it may be) fits into the methodology of the sciences (whatever it may be). In addition to its role in science, mathematics itself seems to be a knowledge-gathering activity. The philosophy of mathemat

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Kulkarni, Kunal, James Harrison, Mohamed Baguneid, and Bernard Prendergast, eds. An introduction to evidence-based medicine. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198729426.003.0002.

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Clinicians have historically used ‘evidence’ from their individual clinical experiences to inform decisions about health care. However, with the emergence of novel technologies, treatments, and epidemiological methods in the latter half of the twentieth century, some questioned whether more harm than good was being done in attempts to ‘cure’ disease. In 1971, Archie Cochrane suggested clinicians were overly devoted to their patients, overtreating in an effort to do everything possible to ‘cure’. He argued the systematic application of medical research, in particular evidence from randomized co

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Dow, Bonnie J. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038563.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. This book focuses on the national television news narratives about the second wave of feminism that proliferated in 1970, a year in which the networks' eagerness to make sense of the movement for their viewers was accompanied by feminists' efforts to use national media for their own purposes. The interaction of these efforts produced coverage that was distinguished by its contradictions—it ranged from sympathetic to patronizing, from thoughtful to sensationalistic, and from evenhanded to overtly dismissive. The effects o

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Steinberg, Ellen F., and Jack H. Prost. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036200.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. This book explores the state, shape, change, and evolution of Midwestern Jewish cuisine through time. It tracks geographically based culinary recipes and changes made to them through time by presenting and analyzing ones from Midwestern Jewish sources, both kosher and non-kosher. It documents the availability of fruits, vegetables, and other comestibles throughout the Midwest that impacted how and what Jews cooked; and considers the effect of improved preservation and transportation on rural and urban Jewish foodways. Th

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Windham, Lane. Introduction. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469632070.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter is about how historians have overlooked a wave of private-sector union organizing efforts in the 1970s. These efforts were led by the women and people of color who had gained new access to the nation’s best jobs following the 1964 Civil Rights Act, and who transformed the U.S. working class. This book uses National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) election records to show that an average of half a million workers a year went through NLRB elections in the 1970s. The fact that workers increasingly lost those elections due to weak labor law fed the nation’s new economic divi

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Kendler, Kenneth S., and Josef Parnas, eds. Philosophical Issues in Psychiatry IV. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796022.001.0001.

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This book contains, in addition to an introduction, sixteen chapters, each with its own introduction and discussion, that review various issues within psychiatric nosology from clinical, historical and particularly philosophical perspectives. The contributors to this book include major psychiatric researchers, clinicians, historians and especially nosologists (including several leaders of the DSM-5 effort and the DSM Steering Committee that will be guiding future revisions in DSM for the foreseeable future), psychologists with a special interest in psychiatric nosology and philosophers with a

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Introduction to Quantum Hall Effect. Nova Science Publishers, 2002.

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Fishkin, James S. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820291.003.0001.

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Democracy requires some connection to the “will of the people.” But there are impediments to how that will is formed and how it is connected to public decisions. Efforts to manipulate public opinion, the competitive pressures of campaigns, discussions among the like-minded on social media, distortions of campaign finance all make it difficult for a mostly inattentive mass public to come to considered judgments. “Deliberative democracy” offers a useful method of supplementing our current political practices. There is a need for research and experimentation into entry points for a thoughtful and

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Kahan, Dan M., Dietram A. Scheufele, and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Introduction. Edited by Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Dan M. Kahan, and Dietram A. Scheufele. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190497620.013.1.

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The introductory chapter defines a science of science communication, examines efforts to advance scholarship in this area, provides an overview of the contents within the six parts of the handbook, and indicates ways in which communication about the Zika virus relates to each of those parts and to chapters within them.

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Birk, Megan. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039249.003.0001.

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This book investigates how the practice of placing children with farmers in the rural Midwest that lasted from the early decades of the 1800s until after World War I eventually fell out of favor as a matter of policy. It explores the problems of abuse, neglect, and overwork that some children faced once they went into placement homes, along with efforts to remedy the problems with farm placements. It also considers how Progressive efforts at studying child welfare and farm life further cast doubts on the wisdom of farm placements and free placements in general. The book attributes the rise and

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Mathews, Jud. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190682910.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces readers to the horizontal effect of rights and why it matters. It explains how horizontal effect doctrines define some of the key commitments of the legal systems that produce them. The chapter also introduces the three legal systems that are the subject of the book, Germany, the United States, and Canada, and lays out the basic structure of the case studies. For each, the focus is on three things in particular: a court’s initial moves to apply rights horizontally, the doctrinal structures the court devises to manage the horizontal effect of rights, and the broader cons

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Scott, Tom. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198725275.003.0001.

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The history of Switzerland has rarely been of lively concern to foreign scholars. Apart from Edward Gibbon in the mid-eighteenth century (whose reflections on Switzerland and on Bern in particular were written in French), English-speaking historians have been content to treat the country as a peripheral curiosity, since neither its constitution nor its governance appear to fit the pattern of nations and states emerging elsewhere in Europe. This neglect has been compounded by Swiss historians themselves, who until recently have devoted their efforts to burnishing the image of a heroic Swiss pas

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Tomlinson, Jim. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786092.003.0001.

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This introduction outlines how the idea of a national economy subject to governmental management was constructed in Britain out of the dissolution of the unmanaged economy of the pre-1914 era. It argues that a key turning point came in 1931 with the departure from the gold standard and the introduction of protection. But, it is argued, it was only from the 1940s that national economic management was combined with ‘managing the people’, through major efforts to shape public opinion on the economy. This chapter also summarizes the development of the major kinds of economic statistics which under

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Guittet, Emmanuel-Pierre. Unpacking the new mobilities paradigm: lessons for critical security studies? Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526107459.003.0012.

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The epilogue makes an effort to close the bracket that this introduction has opened. Arguing from the disciplinary perspective of critical security studies, it takes a step back and evaluates which lessons can be learned from an agenda of security/mobility. The epilogue underlines the need for critical security studies to incorporate the notion of mobility more strongly, particularly with regard to its theoretical underpinnings and empirical and material manifestations. Moreover, it calls to take into account the multiplicity of actors that shape and influence any politics of movement, and to

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Spies, Dennis C. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812906.003.0001.

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By briefly summarizing the New Progressive Dilemma (NPD) debate, this introduction presents to the reader the general research question: does immigration necessarily lead to welfare cuts? It outlines the significance of relationships between immigrants and native citizens, showing how these relate to redistributive policies in the US and Western Europe—but with very different results. In the US, states with high minority populations tend to favor lower welfare benefits, whereas in cross-national comparisons no such depressing effect of immigration on welfare spending can easily be identified.

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Stanley, Timothy, and Jonathan Bell. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036866.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter considers the challenges, setbacks, and accomplishments of American liberal reformers in the twentieth century. Covering themes such as gender, class, labor, race, urban development, and underlying ideology, ten experts in their given fields have identified ways in which liberal politics has helped shape the nation's political landscape over the last half century. American political history cannot be labeled uniformly as conservative or liberal. Rather, there are conservative moments and liberal moments. Throughout them, reform is possible if given the right leadershi

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Patton, Raymond A. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190872359.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces punk as a phenomenon that arose in the mid-1970s across the societies of the First and Second Worlds and in conversation with the Third World. It briefly reviews the trajectory of punk scholarship from the British cultural studies tradition, the post-subcultural studies critique, and recent efforts to combine the strengths of both approaches to capture punk’s sociopolitical significance without reducing it to politics. It locates punk’s significance in terms of several interrelated global sea changes taking place in the “late Cold War world” of the 1970s through 1980s,

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Farriss, Nancy. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190884109.003.0001.

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Language diversification is as old as the human capacity for speech and along with it the need for translation. In the Old World multilingual diasporas and centuries-long contact facilitated communication across language boundaries. The formerly isolated and linguistically fragmented Americas presented a new and severe challenge to the Europeans, especially the Christian missionaries. Relying on language to convert the indigenous populations, they regarded the extreme degree of language diversity as exemplifying the curse of Babel and saw their role as an extension of the early age of the apos

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González, Gabriela. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199914142.003.0001.

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Introduction: The introductory chapter considers how transborder activists opposed race-based discrimination and sought to “save” la raza by challenging their marginality in the United States. The quest for rights itself represented a modernist intervention in a racist society. However, their efforts at redemption were not limited to societal transformations. They also invested much energy into effecting individual and communal changes among Mexican-origin people. Activists such as Malpica de Munguía expressed faith in the tenets of modern society, believing that the best hope for the underpri

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Elgström, Ole. Introduction. Edited by Jon Pierre. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199665679.013.47.

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Research on Swedish foreign policy has primarily focused on four recurrent themes: Sweden’s policy of neutrality, its relations with Russia, Swedish internationalism, and its efforts to promote allegedly universal values. Each of the four themes is covered in this section. The authors reconstruct the predominant narratives of the roles that Sweden has played in international politics, but also challenge them: to what extent are they still valid? Is it possible to discern any specific Swedish traits in its foreign policy? It is argued that the combination of nonalignment with an active internat

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Valls, Andrew. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190860554.003.0001.

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The persistence of racial inequality in the United States raises deep and complex questions of racial justice. Some observers argue that public policy must be “color-blind,” while others argue that policies that take race into account should be defended on grounds of diversity or integration. This chapter begins to sketch an alternative to both of these, one that supports strong efforts to address racial inequality but that focuses on the conditions necessary for the liberty and equality of all. It argues that while race is a social construction, it remains deeply embedded in American society.

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Franz, Carleen, Lee Ascherman, and Julia Shaftel. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780195383997.003.0001.

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The introduction provides a case study illustrating the complexities of the interface between learning disabilities and psychiatric comorbidity. Educational challenges can exacerbate and muddy the presentation of psychiatric difficulties and lead to diagnostic disagreement and less than optimal treatment efforts. Clinicians may have limited exposure to learning disorders, relevant cognitive functioning, and appropriate assessments. When learning disabilities are accurately recognized and diagnosed, educational supports and interventions can play their roles in improving the long-term emotional

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Anker, Elizabeth S., and Bernadette Meyler. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190456368.003.0001.

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While law and literature represents one of the most enduring sites of interdisciplinary inquiry, the field has recently expanded in a wide range of exciting new directions. Since its inception, law and literature has inspired taxonomies of the field, and the Introduction evaluates the limits and merits of those existing categorical schemes. It assesses frequent critiques of law and literature, while developing a framework for conceptualizing the many methodological and other innovations transforming the field. In particular, it emphasizes five new directions, considering the influence of histo

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