Journal articles: 'Invader'

1

Safriel, Uriel N. "The “Lessepsian invasion” – a case study revisited." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 59, no. 4 (May 6, 2013): 214–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2013.930994.

Full text

Abstract:

A case study of the Lessepsian invasion of the Mediterranean Sea was carried out during the 1970s by a Hebrew University of Jerusalem team that included Uzi Ritte and his research students. The study zoomed on two mollusk “trios” of mytilid bivalves and cerithiid gastropods, each including an invader, a closely related and ecologically similar indigenous Red Sea species and a Mediterranean indigenous competitor. This paper revisits the results, conclusions and projections made by the 1970s study in the context of a recent unified invasion biology framework, and in the view of the dynamic development of the Lessepsian invasion and research into it throughout the more than 30 years since the case study took place. The approach of studying “trios” to detect potential invaders and project the course of invasions has not been repeated in the Lessepsian system since the 1970s case study. But the findings that opportunistic life history traits linked with a match of habitat in the invaded range to a species’ ecological niche make this species a potential invader and enable it to coexist with an encountered competitor remain robust. Recent human-induced and other environmental changes in the Mediterranean have however highlighted a potential significance of propagule pressure in intensifying competitive exclusion and resource monopolization by the invader, to the point of potentially impacting the invaded ecosystem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Márquez, Israel. "Street Art y videojuegos: el caso de Invader." Revista de Humanidades, no. 39 (May 29, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rdh.39.2020.21655.

Full text

Abstract:

Resumen: El presente artículo analiza las relaciones entre street art y videojuegos como un ejemplo concreto de nueva práctica artística en el espacio urbano. Para ilustrar esta relación analizamos el proyecto artístico del artista urbano francés Invader, quien ha construido su identidad artística a partir de la apropiación material de los famosos personajes del videojuego Space Invaders y su traslado del espacio digital de la pantalla al espacio público de la calle.Abstract: The article analyzes the relationship between street art and video games as a new type of art practice in urban space. To illustrate this relationship, we analyze the work of the French street artist known as Invade. This artist has appropriated the characters from Space Invaders classic video game to build his artistic identity, transferring them from the digital space of the screen to the public space of the street.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Tekiela, Daniel R., and Jacob N. Barney. "Not All Roads Lead to Rome: A Meta-analysis of Invasive Plant Impact Methodology." Invasive Plant Science and Management 10, no. 4 (December 2017): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2017.39.

Full text

Abstract:

The negative effects of invasive plant species on native ecosystems, which can be large and long-lasting, are the primary justifications for their research and management. Tremendous effort is focused on quantifying the ecological impacts of invasive plants, though two different methods are primarily used: observational (compare invaded and uninvaded) and removals (compare invaded and invader removal). However, it is unknown whether these methods, which differ in their assumptions and execution, yield similar results, which could affect our ability to draw broad conclusions within and across studies. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis on 174 studies that described 547 impacts of 72 invasive plants to test the effect of study method, invader cover, and removal period on the direction and magnitude of impact. Overall, by only considering impact magnitude and not direction, both observational and removal methods yielded similar results—invasive plants are changing most aspects of the ecosystem—and the variation among species and study systems was dramatically reduced compared with traditional, directionally focused studies. This is contrary to a similar analysis that did not control for directionality of impacts, which found overall differences in impact depended on methodology. However, even when the effects of study ecosystem, invader life-form, and impact type were accounted for, significant differences occurred between removal and observational studies. Particularly vulnerable systems appear to be those that would be more greatly disturbed by the removal of the target species, such as tree species or invasive plants in riparian areas. Additionally, impact magnitude increased with invader cover and removal time. We confirm that invasive plants impact the systems they invade in a nonuniform manner; however, we suggest some study conditions may be more sensitive to study methodology. Careful consideration should be given as to which methodology is used in the context of the study system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Tekiela, Daniel R., and Jacob N. Barney. "Invasion Shadows: The Accumulation and Loss of Ecological Impacts from an Invasive Plant." Invasive Plant Science and Management 10, no. 01 (March 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2017.3.

Full text

Abstract:

Ecological impacts from invasive plants that have been identified include reductions in biodiversity, changes in resource cycling, and disruptions of ecosystem function. To mitigate these negative ecological impacts, managers work to remove invasive plants. However, removal does not necessarily immediately lead to a return to the uninvaded ecological state. Similarly, the accumulation rate of ecological impacts following invader establishment is almost entirely unknown for most species, hindering identification of optimal management times. The accumulation and loss (so-called legacy effects) of impacts following invader establishment and removal represent an “invasion shadow.” To begin to understand invasion shadows, we measured the changes in biotic and abiotic ecological impacts during establishment and following removal of the forest understory invader Japanese stiltgrass. We found that when the abiotic metrics were considered, seeded areas became more functionally similar to the invaded landscape and removed areas became more similar to the uninvaded landscape. However, while the plant community did not change in a 3-yr period during a new invasion, following invader removal, it became less similar to both the invaded and uninvaded landscape altogether, suggesting legacies. Surprisingly, all changes occurred almost immediately and persisted following invader establishment and removal. Our results show, at least in a 3-yr period, that ecosystems can respond to changes in invader abundance, and in some cases simply removing the invader could result in long-term changes to the resident plant community.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Henderson, L. "Invasive alien woody plants of the northern Cape." Bothalia 21, no. 2 (October 15, 1991): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v21i2.885.

Full text

Abstract:

The frequency and abundance of invasive alien woody plants were recorded along roadsides and at watercourse crossings in 31% (90/286) of the quarter degree squares in the study area. The survey yielded 23 species of which the most prominent invaders were Prosopis spp. The most prominent remaining species were: Opuntia ficus-indica, Nicotiana glauca and Melia azedarach. The greatest abundance and diversity of alien invader plants were recorded near human settlements. More than half of the total recorded species have invaded perennial riverbanks. The episodic Molopo and Kuruman Rivers have been invaded almost exclusively by Prosopis spp., which in places have formed extensive stands.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Alexander, Mhairi E., Jaimie T. A. Dick, Olaf L. F. Weyl, Tamara B. Robinson, and David M. Richardson. "Existing and emerging high impact invasive species are characterized by higher functional responses than natives." Biology Letters 10, no. 2 (February 2014): 20130946. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0946.

Full text

Abstract:

Predicting ecological impacts of invasive species and identifying potentially damaging future invaders are research priorities. Since damage by invaders is characterized by their depletion of resources, comparisons of the ‘functional response’ (FR; resource uptake rate as a function of resource density) of invaders and natives might predict invader impact. We tested this by comparing FRs of the ecologically damaging ‘world's worst’ invasive fish, the largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ), with a native equivalent, the Cape kurper ( Sandelia capensis ), and an emerging invader, the sharptooth catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ), with the native river goby ( Glossogobius callidus ), in South Africa, a global invasion hotspot . Using tadpoles ( Hyperolius marmoratus ) as prey, we found that the invaders consumed significantly more than natives. Attack rates at low prey densities within invader/native comparisons reflected similarities in predatory strategies; however, both invasive species displayed significantly higher Type II FRs than the native comparators. This was driven by significantly lower prey handling times by invaders, resulting in significantly higher maximum feeding rates. The higher FRs of these invaders are thus congruent with, and can predict, their impacts on native communities. Comparative FRs may be a rapid and reliable method for predicting ecological impacts of emerging and future invasive species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Żbikowski, Janusz, and Elżbieta Żbikowska. "Invaders of an invader – Trematodes in Potamopyrgus antipodarum in Poland." Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 101, no. 1 (April 2009): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2009.02.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Appel, Arthur G. "IPM of Occasional Urban Invader Pest Species1." Journal of Entomological Science 38, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-38.2.151.

Full text

Abstract:

Occasional invader species include a variety of arthropods such as amphipods, centipedes, insects, millipedes, pill and sowbugs, scorpions, and spiders as well as nonarthropod mollusks and worms. These species present unique challenges for development of effective IPM programs. Most occasional invaders are susceptible to desiccation and temperature extremes or are in a wandering or migration phase of their life cycle. Environmental factors such as weather and the condition of homes and home landscapes affect occasional invader infestations. Successful IPM programs have been developed for the garden millipede, Oxidus gracilis Koch, and the smokybrown cockroach, Periplaneta fuliginosa (Serville). Both programs rely primarily on habitat modification based on pest biology. Results indicate that these occasional invaders can be managed without resorting to broadcast application of nonspecific insecticides.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Kurkjian, Helen M., M. Javad Akbari, and Babak Momeni. "The impact of interactions on invasion and colonization resistance in microbial communities." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): e1008643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008643.

Full text

Abstract:

In human microbiota, the prevention or promotion of invasions can be crucial to human health. Invasion outcomes, in turn, are impacted by the composition of resident communities and interactions of resident members with the invader. Here we study how interactions influence invasion outcomes in microbial communities, when interactions are primarily mediated by chemicals that are released into or consumed from the environment. We use a previously developed dynamic model which explicitly includes species abundances and the concentrations of chemicals that mediate species interaction. Using this model, we assessed how species interactions impact invasion by simulating a new species being introduced into an existing resident community. We classified invasion outcomes as resistance, augmentation, displacement, or disruption depending on whether the richness of the resident community was maintained or decreased and whether the invader was maintained in the community or went extinct. We found that as the number of invaders introduced into the resident community increased, disruption rather than augmentation became more prevalent. With more facilitation of the invader by the resident community, resistance outcomes were replaced by displacement and augmentation. By contrast, with more facilitation among residents, displacement outcomes shifted to resistance. When facilitation of the resident community by the invader was eliminated, the majority of augmentation outcomes turned into displacement, while when inhibition of residents by invaders was eliminated, invasion outcomes were largely unaffected. Our results suggest that a better understanding of interactions within resident communities and between residents and invaders is crucial to predicting the success of invasions into microbial communities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Rinella, Matthew J. "Assessing Invasiveness of Exotic Weeds outside their Current Invasive Range." Invasive Plant Science and Management 6, no. 4 (December 2013): 545–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-13-00033.1.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractWhen exotic species invade a region, it becomes important to assess their invasiveness in adjacent uninvaded regions to determine if weed prevention measures are needed. Leafy spurge and knapweed species are absent from the vast majority of eastern Montana, but the region is surrounded by regions heavily invaded by these species. To assess invasiveness of leafy spurge and Russian and spotted knapweed in common eastern Montana grassland sites, I introduced these species to three sites as seeds (120 live seeds plot−1) and seedlings (6 plot−1). I assessed how common grazing regimes influenced invasiveness by imposing cattle, sheep, mixed grazing (i.e., cattle plus sheep), and grazing exclusion treatments for 7 yr. Invader survival did not appear to differ greatly among sheep, cattle, and mixed grazing treatments, but excluding grazing lowered probabilities that plots maintained invaders for the entire study period at two of three sites. At these same sites, grazing exclusion increased growth rates of those invaders that did survive, at least in the case of leafy spurge. Regardless of grazing treatment or site, however, large proportions of plots did not maintain invaders through the end of the study period. At one heavy clay site, only one small leafy spurge plant persisted through the end of the study. In the seventh study year, the plots with the most leafy spurge and Russian knapweed produced 222 and 112 stems, respectively, and the stems remained mostly confined to the 2- by 2-m plots. These findings suggest that, barring intense disturbance, leafy spurge and spotted and Russian knapweed might be incapable of invading some grasslands of eastern Montana, particularly upland sites with high clay content. Any upland sites in the region these species are capable of invading will likely be invaded only very slowly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Green, Peter T., Dennis J. O'Dowd, Kirsti L. Abbott, Mick Jeffery, Kent Retallick, and Ralph Mac Nally. "Invasional meltdown: Invader–invader mutualism facilitates a secondary invasion." Ecology 92, no. 9 (September 2011): 1758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-0050.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Herren, Cristina M. "Disruption of cross-feeding interactions by invading taxa can cause invasional meltdown in microbial communities." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1927 (May 13, 2020): 20192945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2945.

Full text

Abstract:

The strength of biotic interactions within an ecological community affects the susceptibility of the community to invasion by introduced taxa. In microbial communities, cross-feeding is a widespread type of biotic interaction that has the potential to affect community assembly and stability. Yet, there is little understanding of how the presence of cross-feeding within a community affects invasion risk. Here, I develop a metabolite-explicit model where native microbial taxa interact through both cross-feeding and competition for metabolites. I use this model to study how the strength of biotic interactions, especially cross-feeding, influence whether an introduced taxon can join the community. I found that stronger cross-feeding and competition led to much lower invasion risk, as both types of biotic interactions lead to greater metabolite scarcity for the invader. I also evaluated the impact of a successful invader on community composition and structure. The effect of invaders on the native community was greatest at intermediate levels of cross-feeding; at this ‘critical’ level of cross-feeding, successful invaders generally cause decreased diversity, decreased productivity, greater metabolite availability, and decreased quantities of metabolites exchanged among taxa. Furthermore, these changes resulting from a successful primary invader made communities further susceptible to future invaders. The increase in invasion risk was greatest when the network of metabolite exchange between taxa was minimally redundant. Thus, this model demonstrates a case of invasional meltdown that is mediated by initial invaders disrupting the metabolite exchange networks of the native community.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Amor, Daniel R., Christoph Ratzke, and Jeff Gore. "Transient invaders can induce shifts between alternative stable states of microbial communities." Science Advances 6, no. 8 (February 2020): eaay8676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay8676.

Full text

Abstract:

Microbial dispersal often leads to the arrival of outsider organisms into ecosystems. When their arrival gives rise to successful invasions, outsider species establish within the resident community, which can markedly alter the ecosystem. Seemingly less influential, the potential impact of unsuccessful invaders that interact only transiently with the community has remained largely ignored. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that these transient invasions can induce a lasting transition to an alternative stable state, even when the invader species itself does not survive the transition. First, we develop a mechanistic understanding of how environmental changes caused by these transient invaders can drive a community shift in a simple, bistable model system. Beyond this, we show that transient invaders can also induce switches between stable states in more complex communities isolated from natural soil samples. Our results demonstrate that short-term interactions with an invader species can induce lasting shifts in community composition and function.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

MacNeil, Calum, and Jaimie T. A. Dick. "The enemy of my enemy is my friend: intraguild predation between invaders and natives facilitates coexistence with shared invasive prey." Biology Letters 10, no. 8 (August 2014): 20140398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0398.

Full text

Abstract:

Understanding and predicting the outcomes of biological invasions is challenging where multiple invader and native species interact. We hypothesize that antagonistic interactions between invaders and natives could divert their impact on subsequent invasive species, thus facilitating coexistence. From field data, we found that, when existing together in freshwater sites, the native amphipod Gammarus duebeni celticus and a previous invader G. pulex appear to facilitate the establishment of a second invader, their shared prey Crangonyx pseudogracilis. Indeed, the latter species was rarely found at sites where each Gammarus species was present on its own. Experiments indicated that this may be the result of G. d. celticus and G. pulex engaging in more intraguild predation (IGP) than cannibalism; when the ‘enemy’ of either Gammarus species was present, that is, the other Gammarus species, C. pseudogracilis significantly more often escaped predation. Thus, the presence of mutual enemies and the stronger inter- than intraspecific interactions they engage in can facilitate other invaders. With some invasive species such as C. pseudogracilis having no known detrimental effects on native species, and indeed having some positive ecological effects, we also conclude that some invasions could promote biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Cox, Brian N. "A strain-cue hypothesis for biological network formation." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, no. 56 (July 29, 2010): 377–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0262.

Full text

Abstract:

The direction of migration of a cell invading a host population is assumed to be controlled by the magnitude of the strains in the host medium (cells plus extracellular matrix) that arise as the host medium deforms to accommodate the invader. The single assumption that invaders are cued by strains external to themselves is sufficient to generate network structures. The strain induced by a line of invaders is greatest at the extremity of the line and thus the strain field breaks symmetry, stabilizing branch formation. The strain cue also triggers sprouting from existing branches, with no further model assumption. Network characteristics depend primarily on the ratio of the rate of advance of the invaders to the rate of relaxation of the host cells after their initial deformation. Intra-cell mechanisms that govern these two rates control network morphology. The strain field that cues an individual invader is a collective response of the combined cell populations, involving the nearest 100 cells, to order of magnitude, to any invader. The mechanism does not rely on the pre-existence of the entire host medium prior to invasion; the host cells need only maintain a layer several cells thick around each invader. Consistent with recent experiments, networks result only from a strain cue that is based on strain magnitudes. Spatial strain gradients do not break symmetry and therefore cannot stabilize branch formation. The theory recreates most of the geometrical features of the nervous network in the mouse gut when the most influential adjustable parameter takes a value consistent with one inferred from human and mouse amelogenesis. Because of similarity in the guiding local strain fields, strain cues could also be a participating factor in the formation of vascular networks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Spaak, Piet, Jennifer Fox, and Nelson G. Hairston. "Modes and mechanisms of a Daphnia invasion." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1740 (April 18, 2012): 2936–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0280.

Full text

Abstract:

Whether exotic species invade new habitats successfully depends on (i) a change in the invaded habitat that makes it suitable for the invader and (ii) a genetic change in the invading taxon that enhances its fitness in the new habitat, or both. We dissect the causes of invasions of Swiss lakes, north of the Alps, by Daphnia galeata (a zooplankter typical of eutrophic lakes, e.g. those south of the Alps, which are also warmer) by comparing the fitness performance of eight geographically distributed clones that were fed algal-food typical of oligotrophic versus eutrophic conditions at two temperatures. Daphnia longispina , native to oligotrophic Swiss lakes, served as a reference. Daphnia galeata requires eutrophic food to persist, whereas D. longispina survives and grows on oligotrophic food but does even better on eutrophic food. Invasion by D. galeata is further explained because invading clones from the north perform better on eutrophic food and at cooler temperatures than native clones from the south, suggesting a local response to countergradient selection. Our data support the hypothesis that populations of the invader in northern lakes are dominated by well-adapted genotypes. Our results illustrate how environmental change (i.e. eutrophication) and local adaptation can act together to drive a successful invasion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Stanojevic, Milos, Maja Trailovic, Tijana Dubljanin, Zoran Krivošej, Miroslav Nikolic, and Nina Nikolic. "Sewage Pollution Promotes the Invasion-Related Traits of Impatiens glandulifera in an Oligotrophic Habitat of the Sharr Mountain (Western Balkans)." Plants 10, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 2814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122814.

Full text

Abstract:

An annual plant, Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera Royle) is globally widespread and one of Europe’s top invaders. We focused on two questions: does this species indeed not invade the southern areas and does the environment affect some of its key invisibility traits. In an isolated model mountainous valley, we jointly analyzed the soil (21 parameters), the life history traits of the invader (height, stem diameter, aboveground dw), and the resident vegetation (species composition and abundances, Ellenberg indicator values), and supplemented it with local knowledge (semi-structured interviews). Uncontrolled discharge of fecal wastewaters directly into the local dense hydrological network fostered mass infestation of an atypical habitat. The phenotypic plasticity of the measured invasion-related traits was very high in the surveyed early invasion (30–50% invader cover) stages. Different microhabitat conditions consistently correlated with its growth performance. The largest individuals were restricted to the deforested riparian habitats, with extreme soil nutrient enrichment (primarily by P and K) and low-competitive, species-poor resident vegetation. We showed that ecological context can modify invasion-related traits and what could affect a further invasion process. Finally, this species is likely underreported in the wider region; public attitude and loss of traditional ecological knowledge are further management risks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Adhikari, Shiva P., Saswata Karmakar, and Patrick J. Hrdlicka. "Nicked Invader probes: multistranded and sequence-unrestricted recognition of double-stranded DNA." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 20, no. 5 (2022): 1019–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ob02019f.

Full text

Abstract:

Nicked Invaders, featuring three labile double-stranded segments, allow for recognition of long dsDNA targets (∼25 bps) under non-denaturing conditions, including chromosomal targets found to be refractory to recognition by conventional Invader probes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Young, Glenn M. "Disarming the Invader." Chemistry & Biology 10, no. 3 (March 2003): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1074-5521(03)00052-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Sugden, Andrew M. "A benevolent invader?" Science 357, no. 6351 (August 10, 2017): 561.3–562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.357.6351.561-c.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Skelly, D. K. "The ailing invader." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 45 (October 29, 2007): 17561–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0708869104.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Mäkelä, Jarno, and David J. Sherratt. "Catching an invader." Nature Reviews Microbiology 18, no. 4 (February 14, 2020): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-0337-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Arnaut, Karel, and Jack Boulton. "This Tiny Invader." African Diaspora 12, no. 1-2 (November 13, 2020): v—xii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18725465-01201003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Lear, Luke, Elze Hesse, Katriona Shea, and Angus Buckling. "Disentangling the mechanisms underpinning disturbance-mediated invasion." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1919 (January 29, 2020): 20192415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2415.

Full text

Abstract:

Disturbances can play a major role in biological invasions: by destroying biomass, they alter habitat and resource abundances. Previous field studies suggest that disturbance-mediated invader success is a consequence of resource influxes, but the importance of other potential covarying causes, notably the opening up of habitats, have yet to be directly tested. Using experimental populations of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens , we determined the relative importance of disturbance-mediated habitat opening and resource influxes, plus any interaction between them, for invader success of two ecologically distinct morphotypes. Resource addition increased invasibility, while habitat opening had little impact and did not interact with resource addition. Both invaders behaved similarly, despite occupying different ecological niches in the microcosms. Treatment also affected the composition of the resident population, which further affected invader success. Our results provide experimental support for the observation that resource input is a key mechanism through which disturbance increases invasibility.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Bradley, Bethany A., Brittany B. Laginhas, Raj Whitlock, Jenica M. Allen, Amanda E. Bates, Genevieve Bernatchez, Jeffrey M. Diez, et al. "Disentangling the abundance–impact relationship for invasive species." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 20 (April 29, 2019): 9919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1818081116.

Full text

Abstract:

To predict the threat of biological invasions to native species, it is critical that we understand how increasing abundance of invasive alien species (IAS) affects native populations and communities. The form of this relationship across taxa and ecosystems is unknown, but is expected to depend strongly on the trophic position of the IAS relative to the native species. Using a global metaanalysis based on 1,258 empirical studies presented in 201 scientific publications, we assessed the shape, direction, and strength of native responses to increasing invader abundance. We also tested how native responses varied with relative trophic position and for responses at the population vs. community levels. As IAS abundance increased, native populations declined nonlinearly by 20%, on average, and community metrics declined linearly by 25%. When at higher trophic levels, invaders tended to cause a strong, nonlinear decline in native populations and communities, with the greatest impacts occurring at low invader abundance. In contrast, invaders at the same trophic level tended to cause a linear decline in native populations and communities, while invaders at lower trophic levels had no consistent impacts. At the community level, increasing invader abundance had significantly larger effects on species evenness and diversity than on species richness. Our results show that native responses to invasion depend critically on invasive species’ abundance and trophic position. Further, these general abundance–impact relationships reveal how IAS impacts are likely to develop during the invasion process and when to best manage them.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Hou, Lan Xiang, Jun Kong, Feng Gang Li, Cai Xia Ju, and Wei Xu. "Analysis and Control of the Fault in the Hydraulic System of Coal-Machinery." Advanced Materials Research 1061-1062 (December 2014): 921–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1061-1062.921.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper focused on the analysis of the invaders brought into the hydraulic system in the design, manufacture, installation, working and maintenance of the process and the fault caused by the invaders to the hydraulic system of coal machine . The method of reducing the invader in oil of hydraulic system and tincreasing the reliability of hydraulic system was indicated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Calizza, Edoardo, Loreto Rossi, Giulio Careddu, Simona Sporta Caputi, and Maria Letizia Costantini. "A novel approach to quantifying trophic interaction strengths and impact of invasive species in food webs." Biological Invasions 23, no. 7 (March 13, 2021): 2093–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02490-y.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractMeasuring ecological and economic impacts of invasive species is necessary for managing invaded food webs. Based on abundance, biomass and diet data of autochthonous and allochthonous fish species, we proposed a novel approach to quantifying trophic interaction strengths in terms of number of individuals and biomass that each species subtract to the others in the food web. This allowed to estimate the economic loss associated to the impact of an invasive species on commercial fish stocks, as well as the resilience of invaded food webs to further perturbations. As case study, we measured the impact of the invasive bass Micropterus salmoides in two lake communities differing in food web complexity and species richness, as well as the biotic resistance of autochthonous and allochthonous fish species against the invader. Resistance to the invader was higher, while its ecological and economic impact was lower, in the more complex and species-rich food web. The percid Perca fluviatilis and the whitefish Coregonus lavaretus were the two species that most limited the invader, representing meaningful targets for conservation biological control strategies. In both food webs, the limiting effect of allochthonous species against M. salmoides was higher than the effect of autochthonous ones. Simulations predicted that the eradication of the invader would increase food web resilience, while that an increase in fish diversity would preserve resilience also at high abundances of M. salmoides. Our results support the conservation of biodiverse food webs as a way to mitigate the impact of bass invasion in lake ecosystems. Notably, the proposed approach could be applied to any habitat and animal species whenever biomass and diet data can be obtained.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Dragičević, Paula, Dorotea Grbin, Ivana Maguire, Sofia Ana Blažević, Lucija Abramović, Anita Tarandek, and Sandra Hudina. "Immune Response in Crayfish Is Species-Specific and Exhibits Changes along Invasion Range of a Successful Invader." Biology 10, no. 11 (October 26, 2021): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10111102.

Full text

Abstract:

Immunity is an important component of invasion success since it enables invaders’ adaptation to conditions of the novel environment as they expand their range. Immune response of invaders may vary along the invasion range due to encountered parasites/microbial communities, conditions of the local environment, and ecological processes that arise during the range expansion. Here, we analyzed changes in the immune response along the invasion range of one of the most successful aquatic invaders, the signal crayfish, in the recently invaded Korana River, Croatia. We used several standard immune parameters (encapsulation response, hemocyte count, phenoloxidaze activity, and total prophenoloxidaze) to: i) compare immune response of the signal crayfish along its invasion range, and between species (comparison with co-occurring native narrow-clawed crayfish), and ii) analyze effects of specific predictors (water temperature, crayfish abundance, and body condition) on crayfish immune response changes. Immune response displayed species-specificity, differed significantly along the signal crayfish invasion range, and was mostly affected by water temperature and population abundance. Specific immune parameters showed density-dependent variation corresponding to increased investment in them during range expansion. Obtained results offer baseline insights for elucidating the role of immunocompetence in the invasion success of an invertebrate freshwater invader.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Flory, S. Luke, and Jason Lewis. "Nonchemical Methods for Managing Japanese Stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum)." Invasive Plant Science and Management 2, no. 4 (October 2009): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-09-026.1.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractChemical, mechanical, and biological methods are used to manage invasive plants, but their effectiveness at removing specific plant invaders while preserving native communities varies widely. Chemical methods are used most extensively but the nontarget effects of some herbicides can have lasting effects on native plants. Nonchemical methods are needed for sites containing rare or threatened native species and where the cost of herbicides is prohibitive. Here we evaluate multiple nonchemical methods for removing Japanese stiltgrass, a nonnative annual grass that is rapidly invading eastern U.S. forests. We applied mowing, hand weeding, and spring and fall fire treatments to replicated plots at three forested sites in southern Indiana and compared the response of Japanese stiltgrass and native plants to untreated reference plots. Mowing and fall fires applied just before seed set were the most effective methods for removing Japanese stiltgrass. Mowing decreased invader cover by 70% and biomass by 95%, whereas fall fires reduced cover by 79% and biomass by 90% compared to reference plots. Spring fire reduced Japanese stiltgrass cover, but not biomass, and hand weeding did not significantly reduce invader cover or biomass compared to untreated plots. There were no significant differences in the response of the overall native plant community or of specific native plant functional groups to the removal treatments. In summary, mowing and properly timed fall fires may be effective nonchemical methods for managing Japanese stiltgrass invasions and restoring native communities. Future research should focus on evaluating the responses of Japanese stiltgrass, native species, and other plant invaders to removal treatments conducted over successive growing seasons across a range of invaded habitats.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Weisz, Erika J., and Norman D. Yan. "Relative value of limnological, geographic, and human use variables as predictors of the presence of Bythotrephes longimanus in Canadian Shield lakes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 3 (March 2010): 462–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-197.

Full text

Abstract:

The Eurasian aquatic invader Bythotrephes longimanus has spread rapidly throughout the Great Lakes watershed, particularly in Ontario, Canada, since its introduction in 1982. To date, the documentation of its spread has been largely anecdotal, not the result of planned surveys, so the actual distribution of the invader and the determinants of its distribution in Ontario remain uncertain. We surveyed 193 lakes in south-central Ontario to determine the importance of lake size, lake location, hydrological connection, and various physical, chemical, and human activity parameters in predicting the spread of Bythotrephes within the 1600-lake Muskoka watershed, North America’s most heavily invaded lake region. Invaded lakes were larger than uninvaded lakes and had less acidic, more nutrient-poor, clearer waters. Contingency analyses indicated that invaded lakes were more accessible to humans and had more heavily developed shorelines. Shoreline coverage by cottages was the strongest predictor of Bythotrephes presence when all physical, chemical, and human use variables were included in a logistic regression model. Our results support the growing consensus that humans are primarily responsible for the spread of Bythotrephes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Weis, Judith S. "Invasion and predation in aquatic ecosystems." Current Zoology 57, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 613–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/57.5.613.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article reviews biological invasions in which predation (or its absence) plays a major role in the success of the invader. Examples are described in which the invader out-competes native species for the same food, and cases in which the invader consumes valued native species. In many instances, better predator avoidance by the invasive species or the absence of predators in the new habitat contributes to the success of the invaders; in other cases native or introduced predators appear to be able to keep the invasive species in check. A relatively new management approach in the US is the idea of adding another trophic level – to have humans act as the predators and consume the invasive species. This approach is being utilized in Florida and throughout the Caribbean against the lionfish, but could be extended to other fishes, as well as to various invasive crustaceans and mollusks. This idea is controversial, and current regulations prohibiting the possession of individuals of the invasive species (e.g., mitten crabs or snakefish) would preclude the development of a fishery for them.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Solheim, Halvor. "The early stages of fungal invasion in Norway spruce infested by the bark beetle Ips typographus." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-001.

Full text

Abstract:

Healthy Norway spruce trees infested by the bark beetle Ips typographus were investigated weekly for 10 weeks to examine the early stages in fungal invasion. The study was performed in southeastern Norway during an epidemic period. The fungal association consisted of Ophiostoma species and an undescribed Graphium species, which invaded the sapwood in an obvious succession. The pathogenic species Ophiostoma polonicum was the first invader of both phloem and sapwood and was always in the leading edge of fungal penetration into sapwood. Ophiostoma bicolor followed O. polonicum in the sapwood invasion. These species were successively replaced by Graphium sp. 1, Ophiostoma penicillatum and Ophiostoma ainoae. Ophiostoma penicillatum seems to be more adapted to colonizing the phloem than the sapwood. The earliest invaders were the species most frequently carried by the beetles. Key words: Norway spruce, Ips typographus, Ophiostoma, fungal succession.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Devenish, Adam J. M., Rosemary J. Newton, Jon R. Bridle, Crisanto Gomez, Jeremy J. Midgley, and Seirian Sumner. "Contrasting responses of native ant communities to invasion by an ant invader, Linepithema humile." Biological Invasions 23, no. 8 (April 3, 2021): 2553–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02522-7.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractInvasive alien species pose a serious threat to the integrity and function of natural ecosystems. Understanding how these invaders alter natural communities is therefore an important aspect in predicting the likely future outcomes of biological invasions. Many studies have documented the consequences of invasive alien species on native community structure, through the displacement and local extinction of native species. However, sampling methods and intensities are rarely standardised across such studies, meaning that it is not clear whether differences in response among native communities to the same invader species are due to biological differences between the invaded regions, or differences in the methodologies used. Here we use a matched sampling methodology to compare the effects of the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile Mayr) on native ant community assemblages in two distinct biogeographical regions that share similar ecologies: Girona (Spain) and Jonkershoek Nature Reserve (South Africa). We found a strong negative association between L. humile presence and native ant species richness within both geographic regions. However, the effects differed between the two study regions: in Girona, a single native ant species (Plagiolepis pygmaea) persisted in invaded sites; by contrast, substantially more native ant species persisted at invaded sites in Jonkershoek Nature Reserve. In addition, in Jonkershoek Nature Reserve, the abundance of certain native species appeared to increase in the presence of L. humile. This study therefore demonstrates the potential variable effects of an invasive species in contrasting locations within different biogeographical regions. Future work should explore the causes of this differential resistance among communities and expand standardised sampling approaches to more invaded zones to further explore how local biotic or abiotic conditions of a region determine the nature and extent of impact of L. humile invasion on native ant communities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Bollache, Loic, Jaimie T. A. Dick, Keith D. Farnsworth, and W. Ian Montgomery. "Comparison of the functional responses of invasive and native amphipods." Biology Letters 4, no. 2 (December 18, 2007): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0554.

Full text

Abstract:

While we can usually understand the impacts of invasive species on recipient communities, invasion biology lacks methodologies that are potentially more predictive. Such tools should ideally be straightforward and widely applicable. Here, we explore an approach that compares the functional responses (FRs) of invader and native amphipod crustaceans. Dikerogammarus villosus is a Ponto-Caspian amphipod currently invading Europe and poised to invade North America. Compared with other amphipods that it actively replaces in freshwaters, D. villosus exhibited significantly greater predation, consuming significantly more prey with a higher type II FR. This corroborates the known dramatic field impacts of D. villosus on invaded communities. In another species, FRs were nearly identical in invasive and native ranges. We thus propose that if FRs of other taxa and trophic groups follow such general patterns, this methodology has potential in predicting future invasive species impacts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Romanuk, Tamara N., Yun Zhou, Ulrich Brose, Eric L. Berlow, Richard J. Williams, and Neo D. Martinez. "Predicting invasion success in complex ecological networks." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1524 (June 27, 2009): 1743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0286.

Full text

Abstract:

A central and perhaps insurmountable challenge of invasion ecology is to predict which combinations of species and habitats most effectively promote and prevent biological invasions. Here, we integrate models of network structure and nonlinear population dynamics to search for potential generalities among trophic factors that may drive invasion success and failure. We simulate invasions where 100 different species attempt to invade 150 different food webs with 15–26 species and a wide range (0.06–0.32) of connectance. These simulations yield 11 438 invasion attempts by non-basal species, 47 per cent of which are successful. At the time of introduction, whether or not the invader is a generalist best predicts final invasion success; however, once the invader establishes itself, it is best distinguished from unsuccessful invaders by occupying a lower trophic position and being relatively invulnerable to predation. In general, variables that reflect the interaction between an invading species and its new community, such as generality and trophic position, best predict invasion success; however, for some trophic categories of invaders, fundamental species traits, such as having the centre of the feeding range low on the theoretical niche axis (for non-omnivorous and omnivorous herbivores), or the topology of the food web (for tertiary carnivores), best predict invasion success. Across all invasion scenarios, a discriminant analysis model predicted successful and failed invasions with 76.5 per cent accuracy for properties at the time of introduction or 100 per cent accuracy for properties at the time of establishment. More generally, our results suggest that tackling the challenge of predicting the properties of species and habitats that promote or inhibit invasions from food web perspective may aid ecologists in identifying rules that govern invasions in natural ecosystems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

de Koning, Johan. "INVADER prolongs Amazons Title." ICGA Journal 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/icg-2011-34212.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

de Koning, Johan. "INVADER wins Amazons Tournament." ICGA Journal 35, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/icg-2012-35408.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Lorentz, Richard J. "INVADER Wins Amazons Tournament." ICGA Journal 36, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/icg-2013-36415.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Lorentz, Richard J. "INVADER wins Amazons Tournament." ICGA Journal 32, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/icg-2009-32109.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Kloetzer, Julien. "INVADER wins Amazons Tournament." ICGA Journal 32, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/icg-2009-32216.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Sugden, A. M. "ECOLOGY/EVOLUTION: Invader Profiling." Science 297, no. 5580 (July 19, 2002): 303d—303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.297.5580.303d.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Kadi, Wendy, and Qin Huang. "Rare and strange invader." Blood 126, no. 3 (July 16, 2015): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-04-643239.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Wells, Jeffrey D., and Bernard Greenberg. "Interaction between Chrysomya rufifacies and Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae): the possible consequences of an invasion." Bulletin of Entomological Research 82, no. 1 (March 1992): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300051543.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractFour Old World blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann), C. putoria Wiedemann, C. megacephala (Fabricius), and C. rufifacies (Macquart), have recently invaded the New World. The interaction of Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) with native carrion flies in Texas, USA, was investigated by reducing oviposition by the invader on rabbit carcasses outdoors. These carcasses produced significantly more Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius) adults compared to carcasses on which the invader was not reduced. The results suggest that C. macellaria populations will decline where the two species co-occur. They also support the hypothesis that the carrion community is saturated with species, and provide a mechanism for the possible elimination of Lucilia caesar (Linnaeus) in Madeira and the reduction of C. macellaria in South America by Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Dick, Jaimie T. A., Dirk Platvoet, and David W. Kelly. "Predatory impact of the freshwater invader Dikerogammarus villosus (Crustacea: Amphipoda)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 1078–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f02-074.

Full text

Abstract:

To assess the increasing threats to aquatic ecosystems from invasive species, we need to elucidate the mechanisms of impacts of current and predicted future invaders. Dikerogammarus villosus, a PontoCaspian amphipod crustacean, is invading throughout Europe and predicted to invade the North American Great Lakes. European field studies show that populations of macroinvertebrates decline after D. villosus invasion. The mechanism of such impacts has not been addressed empirically; however, D. villosus is known to prey upon and replace other amphipods. Therefore, in this study, we used microcosm and mesocosm laboratory experiments, with both single and mixed prey species scenarios, to assess any predatory impact of D. villosus on a range of macroinvertebrate taxa, trophic groups, and body sizes. Dikerogammarus villosus predatory behaviour included shredding of prey and infliction of "bite" injuries on multiple victims. Dikerogammarus villosus killed significantly greater numbers of macroinvertebrates than did the native Gammarus duebeni, which is currently being replaced by D. villosus. This invader thus appears to impact on freshwater ecosystems through its exceptional predatory capabilities. We predict that future invasions by D. villosus will have serious direct and indirect effects on freshwaters, with its invasion facilitated in a larger "invasional meltdown" in regions like the North American Great Lakes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Silva, Francielly Oliveira da, and Juliano Ricardo Fabricante. "Impacts of the biological invasion by Ricinus communis L. on the native biota of the Atlantic Forest, Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil." Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences 44 (March 15, 2022): e52771. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.52771.

Full text

Abstract:

The existence of environmental disturbances is an important facilitating factor to the establishment of biological invasions (BI). Biological invasions are considered the second biggest threat to the planet's biodiversity, behind only anthropic actions such as deforestation and habitat fragmentation. Thus, all environments are subjected to biological invasions, including Conservation Units (CU). The objective of the work was to evaluate the impacts of the exotic invasive Ricinus communis L. on the native biota of the Morro do Urubu Environmental Protection Area, Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil. Plots were allocated in places invaded by exotic invasive and in non-invaded places. Within the sample units, the number of individuals of each species present was counted. With these data, the statistics of the present study were performed. In the plots plotted on the non-invaded sites, 28 species were found. In the plots plotted on the invaded sites, only three species were sampled, among them the exotic invader studied, which showed to be the most abundant taxon in the area. In total, 75 individuals were counted in the invaded sites, of which 72 were from R. communis. In the non-invaded sites, 210 individuals. The average number of species was statistically higher in the plots where the exotic invader was removed, while from the second reading and remained until the eighth reading, the same happened for the average number of individuals. The results of this study showed the impacts caused by invasive exotic Ricinus communis on the composition, richness, diversity and resilience of an invaded Atlantic Forest area.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

MacNeil, Calum, John Prenter, Mark Briffa, Nina J. Fielding, Jaimie TA Dick, Gillian E. Riddell, Melanie J. Hatcher, and Alison M. Dunn. "The replacement of a native freshwater amphipod by an invader: roles for environmental degradation and intraguild predation." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 1627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-091.

Full text

Abstract:

We assessed the extent to which an invader, Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda), has replaced a native, Gammarus duebeni celticus, over a 13-year period in a European river system and some of the abiotic and biotic factors that could account for this. Between 1988 and 2001, 56% of mixed-species sites had become invader-only sites, whereas no mixed sites had become native only again. The native dominated areas of higher dissolved oxygen and water quality, with the reciprocal true for the invader. Field transplant experiments revealed that native survivorship was lower in areas where it had been replaced than in areas where the invader does not yet occur. In invader-only areas, native survivorship was lower than that of the invader when kept separately and lowest when both species were kept together. We also observed predation of the native by the invader. Laboratory oxygen manipulation experiments revealed that at 30% saturation, the native's survivorship was two thirds that of the invader. We conclude that decreasing water quality favours replacement of the native by the invader.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Makhabu, Shimane W., and Balisana Marotsi. "Changes in Herbaceous Species Composition in the Absence of Disturbance in aCenchrus biflorusRoxb. Invaded Area in Central Kalahari Game Reserve, Botswana." International Journal of Ecology 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/174813.

Full text

Abstract:

A-nine year study was carried out to investigate changes in herbaceous species composition in an area invaded byCenchrus biflorusRoxb, an exotic invader grass species. The study ensued termination of livestock and human activities in the area when residents of the area were relocated to another area. Vegetation characteristics from the disturbed sites (previous occupied areas) and undisturbed sites (previously unoccupied areas) were determined. The results show thatC. biflorushas high tolerance to disturbance. It comprised the larger proportion of grasses in disturbed sites at the inception of the study. However, it decreased in abundance with time in disturbed areas and was absent in the undisturbed areas, suggesting that its ability to invade undisturbed sites is limited. Perennial species successfully reestablished on the third year after termination of disturbance. The study reveals thatC. biflorusinvasion in the Kalahari ecosystem can be controlled by termination of disturbances.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Tecco, Paula A., Ana E. Ferreras, Diego E. Gurvich, and Guillermo Funes. "Similarities in recruitment but differences in persistence in two related native and invasive trees: relevance of regenerative and vegetative attributes." Australian Journal of Botany 60, no. 4 (2012): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt11262.

Full text

Abstract:

Ecological theory predicts that the success of exotic plants in new environments depends on a combination of both regenerative and vegetative attributes. Identifying those attributes may benefit from approaches that specifically compare related exotic and native species, thereby overcoming strong habitat dependence and phylogenetic bias. Gleditsia triacanthos L. (Fabaceae) is described as an aggressive woody invader in a broad range of ecosystems of Argentina, where it coexists with other leguminous trees. In the present study, we assessed whether the success of G. triacanthos in the lower areas of Chaco woodlands of central Argentina is determined (1) by differences from the dominant native, Prosopis alba, in its combination of several attributes that enhance the invader’s competitive ability, (2) by differences from P. alba in few key attributes that facilitate its spread, or (3) by strong functional similarities in response to environmental filtering by the invaded system. Our comparison of 19 functional traits of both species showed that regenerative and vegetative trends may vary independently, and that two contrasting strategies seem to underlie the success of G. triacanthos in this region. On the one hand, the invader might benefit by sharing regenerative attributes with the native relative that dominates the community, which is evidently a successful way of recruiting in the system. On the other hand, as recruitment is ensured, the species differs in several vegetative attributes, which may enhance its competitive ability in terms of growth rates and nutrient uptake.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Metz, Olivia. "Invader vs. invader: intra- and interspecific competition mechanisms in zebra and quagga mussels." Aquatic Invasions 13, no. 4 (2018): 473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/ai.2018.13.4.05.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Franzese, Jorgelina, Jonathan Urrutia, Rafael A. García, Kimberley Taylor, and Aníbal Pauchard. "Pine invasion impacts on plant diversity in Patagonia: invader size and invaded habitat matter." Biological Invasions 19, no. 3 (December 10, 2016): 1015–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1344-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Invader'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles