Journal articles: 'Inventors, Austrian'

1

Lambrecht, A., and M. Kuhn. "Glacier changes in the Austrian Alps during the last three decades, derived from the new Austrian glacier inventory." Annals of Glaciology 46 (2007): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871341.

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AbstractBeginning in 1996, aerial photographs were taken for a new Austrian glacier inventory, resulting in digital elevation models (DEMs) and digital orthoimages. An earlier inventory of the Austrian glaciers containing the original aerial photographs and glacier maps and a manual evaluation of various glacier parameters as of 1969 has been re-evaluated at the present state of the art. The two inventories provide the basis for the comparison of glacier reactions over a period of 29 years. In general a reduction of glacier area is observed for almost all Austrian glaciers between 1969 and 1998. The overall reduction in ice-covered area is 17%. The glacier volume change calculated from the DEMs amounts to about 5 km3. This is almost 22% of the ice volume in Austria in 1969, estimated from a volume–area relation. Changes of individual glaciers, however, show a wide variability, depending on their size and physiographic setting.

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Fischer, Andrea. "Calculation of glacier volume from sparse ice-thickness data, applied to Schaufelferner, Austria." Journal of Glaciology 55, no. 191 (2009): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214309788816740.

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AbstractIn order to develop and evaluate a method for the determination of glacier volume from ice-thickness data, the volume of Schaufelferner, Austria, is calculated (1) by manual interpolation of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data based on measurements at 36 locations in 1995, (2) by manual interpolation of 144 GPR measurements acquired for a higher-resolution estimate in 2003 and 2006, (3) by multiplying the mean of the measured ice-thickness data by the glacier area, (4) by automatic kriging of the 1995 GPR data and (5) by application of area/volume scaling algorithms to the Austrian glacier inventory data of 1969, 1997 and 2006. The so determined glacier volumes are compared with the ice-volume changes calculated from digital elevation models (DEMs) of the Austrian glacier inventories. The manually interpolated volumes based on the 1995 and 2003/06 GPR data yielded a volume loss only slightly different from volume loss calculated from the glacier inventories of 1997 and 2007. Other methods were not able to reproduce the volume losses of the glacier inventory DEMs. To assess the accuracy of deriving ice-thickness changes with GPR, repeated ice-thickness measurements at the same locations were carried out between 2005 and 2008.

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Deisenhammer, E. A., M. Coban-Basaran, A. Mantar, R. Prunnlechner, G. Kemmler, T. Alkin, and H. Hinterhuber. "Ethnic and Cultural Impact on Depressive Symptoms - a Comparison Study in Austrian and Turkish Patients." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70862-4.

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The cultural and ethnic background of a patient may have a significant impact on the presentation of a psychiatric disorder. In this study symptoms assessed within a major depressive episode in 3 groups of female patients were compared:1.women of Austrian origin,2.women of Turkish origin but living in Austria and3.Turkish women living in Turkey.Patients were recruited at University hospitals either in Innsbruck, Austria, or Izmir, Turkey. A total of 136 patients were included into the study. Rating instruments included the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Bradford Somatic Inventory (BSI). Groups differed significantly with respect to severity as well as symptom clusters. Although Austrian patients were more often treated as in-patients they appeared to be less severely depressed. Both Turkish groups, however, presented somatic symptoms significantly more often than Austrian depressed women. Austrian-Turkish patients displayed some somatic symptoms even more frequently than Turkish patients in their home-country. It is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of depression to take ethnic and cultural issues of the patients into account.

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Simmons, Aaron T., Alexandra Murray, Philippa M. Brock, Timothy Grant, Annette L. Cowie, Sandra Eady, and Bharat Sharma. "Life cycle inventories for the Australian grains sector." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 7 (2019): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18412.

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Grain production is a key source of food globally and is an important agricultural system for the Australian economy. Environmental impacts such as the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) associated with grain production are well documented and the Australian grains industry has strived to ensure ongoing improvement. To facilitate this improvement, the industry funded the development of life cycle inventories to provide broad geographical coverage. Cradle-to-gate inventories for wheat were developed for each of the grains industry agro-ecological zones, and inventories were developed for minor cereal crops (e.g. barley, sorghum), oilseeds (i.e. canola) and legumes where relevant. Data for inventory development were taken from numerous sources and validated by using data collected through interviews with experts in each agro-ecological zone. Inventory data were also collected so that indicators in addition to global-warming impacts could be assessed. Global warming impacts for wheat production ranged from 193 to 567 kg carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2-e) t–1, and global warming impacts were 597–851, 333–361, 169–285 and 74–672 kg CO2-e t–1 for canola, sorghum, barley and grain-legume production, respectively. Results for eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, land-use and abiotic depletion (fossil-fuel use) are also presented.

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Fischer, A., B. Seiser, M. Stocker-Waldhuber, C. Mitterer, and J. Abermann. "Tracing glacial disintegration from the LIA to the present using a LIDAR-based hi-res glacier inventory." Cryosphere Discussions 8, no. 5 (October 15, 2014): 5195–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-8-5195-2014.

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Abstract. Glacier inventories provide the basis for further studies on mass balance and volume change, relevant for local hydrological issues as well as for global calculation of sea level rise. In this study, a new Austrian glacier inventory updating data from 1969 (GI I) and 1998 (GI II) has been compiled, based on high resolution LiDAR DEMs and orthophotos dating from 2004 to 2011 (GI III). To expand the time series of digital glacier inventories in the past, the glacier inventory of the Little Ice Age maximum state (LIA) has been digitalized based on the LiDAR DEM. The resulting glacier area for GI III of 415.11 ± 11.18 km2 is 44% of the LIA area. The area losses show high regional variability, ranging from 11% annual relative loss to less than 1% for the latest period. The glacier sizes reduced from LIA to the latest period, so that in GI III 47% of the glaciers' areas are smaller than 0.1 km2.

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Gerzabek, M. H., F. Strebl, M. Tulipan, and S. Schwarz. "Quantification of organic carbon pools for Austria’s agricultural soils using a soil information system." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 85, Special Issue (September 1, 2005): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s04-083.

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Within the framework of the project “Austrian Carbon Balance Model”, we estimated soil organic carbon (OC) content for the agricultural land of Austria. The basic chemical and physical data were obtained from the national electronic soil information system BORIS (Boden Rechnergestütztes Informtions System). The latter data were obtained through soil surveys performed over the past 10 yr. The BORIS data were corrected for soil gravel content, bulk densities and differences in chemical analytical methods used for soil OC. Our estimation also showed the following ranking for soil OC content (0–50 cm) under different land use systems: vineyards (57.6 t C ha-1) ~ cropland (59.5 t C ha-1) < orchards/gardenland (78 t C ha-1) ~ intensive grassland (81 t C ha-1) < extensive grassland (119 t C ha-1). Although the main portion of soil carbon is stored in topsoils (0–20 cm) in all land-use classes, deeper soil layers (20–50 cm) contribute significantly to the overall inventory (between 18. 2 and 27.2 t C ha-1), but appear to be less influenced by land use. A total OC storage in Austria’s agricultural soils of 284 Mt was estimated. A west-east gradient of OC storage in agricultural soils of different Federal Provinces was observed. Under Austrian conditions, extensively used grassland plays an important role for OC-storage. Wide C:N ratios in these soils suggest accumulation of poorly humified organic material and slow OC turnover. Key words: Carbon sequestration, soil organic matter, soil humus, soil nitrogen content, C:N ratio

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Abart-Heriszt, Lore, Susanna Erker, and Gernot Stoeglehner. "The Energy Mosaic Austria—A Nationwide Energy and Greenhouse Gas Inventory on Municipal Level as Action Field of Integrated Spatial and Energy Planning." Energies 12, no. 16 (August 9, 2019): 3065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12163065.

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While climate agreements are made on an international level, the measures for mitigating climate change must be executed on a local scale. Designing energy and climate related strategies on the level of municipalities has been hampered by the lack of comprehensive data on the current status of energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions on the local level. A novel approach based on the so-called spatial turn in energy and climate policies has now been established in the form of the Energy Mosaic Austria, which represents a comprehensive energy and greenhouse gas inventory for all Austrian municipalities considering different purposes of energy consumption and different energy sources. The inventory is based on the linkage of bottom-up and top-down operations, utilizing data on land use and mobility structures on the municipal level. The outcomes provide a detailed insight into the pattern of energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions that are resolved on the municipal level. A spatially differentiated analysis of the inventory yields dependencies of the energy consumption and the greenhouse gas emissions on spatial structures particularly due to the fractions of different types of land use including mobility. With the energy mosaic Austria, local policy makers are given an inventory with unprecedented spatial and contentual resolution, which is fully coherent with more coarse-grained provincial and nationwide compilations of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions and elucidates the scope of action in energy and climate policy from the municipal to the nationwide level.

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Paul, F., H. Frey, and R. Le Bris. "A new glacier inventory for the European Alps from Landsat TM scenes of 2003: challenges and results." Annals of Glaciology 52, no. 59 (2011): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756411799096295.

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AbstractMeltwater from glaciers in the European Alps plays an important role in hydropower production, and future glacier development is thus of economic interest. However, an up-to-date and alpine-wide inventory for accurate assessment of glacier changes or modelling of future glacier development has not hitherto been available. Here we present a new alpine-wide inventory (covering Austria, France, Italy and Switzerland) derived from ten Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) scenes acquired within 7 weeks in 2003. Combined with the globally available digital elevation model from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, topographic inventory parameters were derived for each of the 3770 mapped glaciers, covering 2050 km2. The area-class frequency distribution is very similar in all countries, and a mean northerly aspect (NW, N, NE) is clearly favoured (arithmetic counting). Mean glacier elevation is ~2900 m, with a small dependence on aspect. The total area loss since the previous glacier inventory (acquired around 1970±15 years) is roughly one-third, yielding a current area loss rate of ~2%a–1. Digital overlay of the outlines from the latest Austrian glacier inventory revealed differences in the interpretation of glacier extents that prohibit change assessment. A comparison of TM-derived outlines with manually digitized extents on a high-resolution IKONOS image returned 1.5% smaller glaciers with TM.

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9

Mattes, Eugen, Michael C. Stacey, and Dora Marinova. "Predicting commercial success for Australian medical inventions patented in the United States: a cross sectional survey of Australian inventors." Medical Journal of Australia 184, no. 1 (January 2006): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00094.x.

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10

Zittra, Carina, Günther Wöss, Lara Van der Vloet, Karin Bakran-Lebl, Bita Shahi Barogh, Peter Sehnal, and Hans-Peter Fuehrer. "Barcoding of the Genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Austria—An Update of the Species Inventory Including the First Records of Three Species in Austria." Pathogens 9, no. 5 (May 23, 2020): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9050406.

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Ceratopogonidae are small nematoceran Diptera with a worldwide distribution, consisting of more than 5400 described species, divided into 125 genera. The genus Culicoides is known to comprise hematophagous vectors of medical and veterinary importance. Diseases transmitted by Culicoides spp. Such as African horse sickness virus, Bluetongue virus, equine encephalitis virus (Reoviridae) and Schmallenberg virus (Bunyaviridae) affect large parts of Europe and are strongly linked to the spread and abundance of its vectors. However, Culicoides surveillance measures are not implemented regularly nor in the whole of Austria. In this study, 142 morphologically identified individuals were chosen for molecular analyses (barcoding) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (mt COI). Molecular analyses mostly supported previous morphologic identification. Mismatches between results of molecular and morphologic analysis revealed three new Culicoides species in Austria, Culicoides gornostaevae Mirzaeva, 1984, which is a member of the Obsoletus group, C. griseidorsum Kieffer, 1918 and C. pallidicornis Kieffer, 1919 as well as possible cryptic species. We present here the first Austrian barcodes of the mt COI region of 26 Culicoides species and conclude that barcoding is a reliable tool with which to support morphologic analysis, especially with regard to the difficult to identify females of the medically and economically important genus Culicoides.

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11

Rathner, G., F. Túry, P. Szabó, M. Geyer, G. Rumpold, A. Forgács, W. Söllner, and G. Plöttner. "Prevalence of eating disorders and minor psychiatric morbidity in Central Europe before the political changes in 1989: a cross-cultural study." Psychological Medicine 25, no. 5 (September 1995): 1027–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700037521.

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SYNOPSISThe prevalence of culture-bound syndromes such as eating disorders in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe is unclear and comparative epidemiological studies are lacking. Before the political changes in 1989 we therefore investigated eating disorders, eating attitudes and psychological health in two Eastern European countries and in one Western democracy. A total of 1225 female and male medical students in Hungary, the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and Austria were surveyed. The instruments included the Eating Disorder Inventory and the GHQ. The prevalence of eating disorders was calculated on the basis of simulated DSM-III-R diagnosis. In females, bulimia nervosa prevalence rates of 0·6% (95% CI 0·02, 3·46), 1% (0·2, 2·95) and 0% (0, 2·07) were calculated for Austria, Hungary and the GDR, respectively. For subclinical bulimia nervosa, the rate for Hungary (3·8%; 1·95, 6·72) was twice as high as for Austria (1·9%; 0·39, 5·5) and the GDR (1·7%; 0·36, 4·88). Hungarian subjects indicated more psychiatric ‘caseness’ than their GDR or Austrian counterparts. We conclude that eating disorders represented at least as common a problem in Eastern as Western Europe before the changes in political organization. This may be due to an identification process with Western values. A further increase of eating disorders in these countries induced by the recent changes may be possible.

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12

Bankovic, Stanisa, Milan Medarevic, and Damjan Pantic. "Regression models of volume increment percentage in the Most represented stands of coniferous tree species in Serbia." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 85 (2002): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf0285025b.

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Considering the great significance of volume increment in forestry, it is understandable that there are numerous methods of its assessment. However, all these methods have some disadvantages, either the accuracy of the obtained results, too large scope of works of forest inventory (economicity), or the restriction only to stands of certain silvicultural type. To make the method of stand volume increment more economic and simplified, we defined regression models for volume increment percentage assessment in fir, spruce, Austrian pine and Scots pine stands in Serbia. Empirical data were fitted by four regression models for each tree species. The criteria for the final selection of models for the determination of volume increment percentage were the relevant statistic parameters of regression and correlation analysis, and the degree of concordance of "real" and fitted ("table") values of volume increment percentage. The selected models for the above tree species are Fir Spruce Austrian pine Scots pine In the practical work of the assessment of current volume increment in the stand, in regular forest inventories, the method of volume increment percentage should be implemented with correction factors for the fitting of "table" (obtained by this method) values of volume increment and "real" values (obtained by the method of diameter increment), on at least 10 % of the stands of the same or similar stand class (same or similar tree species and stand form). In this way, the costs of forest inventory would be reduced, and the obtained results would range within the limits of the required accuracy .

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13

Fischer, A., B. Seiser, M. Stocker Waldhuber, C. Mitterer, and J. Abermann. "Tracing glacier changes in Austria from the Little Ice Age to the present using a lidar-based high-resolution glacier inventory in Austria." Cryosphere 9, no. 2 (April 27, 2015): 753–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-753-2015.

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Abstract. Glacier inventories provide the basis for further studies on mass balance and volume change, relevant for local hydrological issues as well as for global calculation of sea level rise. In this study, a new Austrian glacier inventory has been compiled, updating data from 1969 (GI 1) and 1998 (GI 2) based on high-resolution lidar digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthophotos dating from 2004 to 2012 (GI 3). To expand the time series of digital glacier inventories in the past, the glacier outlines of the Little Ice Age maximum state (LIA) have been digitalized based on the lidar DEM and orthophotos. The resulting glacier area for GI 3 of 415.11 ± 11.18 km2 is 44% of the LIA area. The annual relative area losses are 0.3% yr−1 for the ~119-year period GI LIA to GI 1 with one period with major glacier advances in the 1920s. From GI 1 to GI 2 (29 years, one advance period of variable length in the 1980s) glacier area decreased by 0.6% yr−1 and from GI 2 to GI 3 (10 years, no advance period) by 1.2% yr−1. Regional variability of the annual relative area loss is highest in the latest period, ranging from 0.3 to 6.19% yr−1. The mean glacier size decreased from 0.69 km2 (GI 1) to 0.46 km2 (GI 3), with 47% of the glaciers being smaller than 0.1 km2 in GI 3 (22%).

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Wagner, Thomas, Roswitha Pleschberger, Simon Kainz, Markus Ribis, Andreas Kellerer-Pirklbauer, Karl Krainer, Rudolf Philippitsch, and Gerfried Winkler. "The first consistent inventory of rock glaciers and their hydrological catchments of the Austrian Alps." Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences 113, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17738/ajes.2020.0001.

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AbstractA first consistent and homogenized polygon-based inventory of rock glaciers of the Austrian Alps is presented. Compiling previous inventories and updating them by using digital elevation models (1 m grid resolution) derived from airborne laser scanning yield a dataset of 5769 rock glaciers in a ca. 48400 km2 large area. A consistent methodological approach for assigning attributes, stored in a detailed attribute table, was developed and applied here to improve comparability and reproducibility. The majority (60 %) of the studied landforms is considered to be relict (no permafrost); the remaining 40 % may still contain permafrost ice and are thus classified as intact. Rock glaciers range in elevation from 476 to 3312 m a.s.l. and cover a total area of 303 km2. The distribution of rock glaciers is mainly related to the topography of the Austrian Alps and related effects such as past glaciation history.In addition, a comprehensive analysis of the hydrological catchment areas of all individual rock glaciers was carried out. A hydrological catchment analysis in rock glacier areas is of great interest for sustainable water management issues in alpine catchments as these landforms represent shallow aquifer systems with a relatively high storage and thus buffer capability, especially in crystalline bedrock areas. A total area of almost 1280 km2 is drained through rock glaciers.The presented rock glacier and rock glacier catchment inventories provide an important basis for further research, particularly for a better understanding of the hydrogeology and geomorphology of alpine catchments and their potential alteration in the light of climate change, but also in terms of paleoglaciation and deglaciation in the Alpine Lateglacial to Holocene period. As such, the inventories are seen as an important base to stimulate further research.

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Karrer, G., C. A. Skjøth, B. Šikoparija, M. Smith, U. Berger, and F. Essl. "Ragweed (Ambrosia) pollen source inventory for Austria." Science of The Total Environment 523 (August 2015): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.108.

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Clark, Nicole F., Jen A. McComb, and Andrew W. Taylor-Robinson. "Host species of mistletoes (Loranthaceae and Viscaceae) in Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 68, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt19137.

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In order to study the relationships between mistletoes and their host species, comprehensive collections of both mistletoes and hosts are needed. The effect of sampling effort on the estimation of mistletoe host range was demonstrated in a comparison of an inventory of host mistletoe interactions published by Downey in 1998 and a 2019 inventory presented here, which is based on data from collections in the Australian Virtual Herbarium and information in the literature. New hosts were recorded for 93% of the 90 Australian mistletoes. There were 338 previously known hosts recorded to be parasitised by additional mistletoe species, and 317 new host species that were not previously known as mistletoe hosts (25 being alien species). These were from 78 new host genera and 13 new host families. The total number of host species was 1186 within 327 genera from 92 host families. A total of 63% of all Australian mistletoes parasitise species of either Eucalyptus or Acacia or both these genera. The large rise in host species recorded in less than two decades between inventories suggests that current knowledge of hosts is still incomplete, such that further new hosts will be discovered in future. Some mistletoe species show a strong preference to one host family or genus but due to insufficient collecting it is premature to conclude that any of the three species known from a single host are host specific.

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Matulla, C., N. Groll, H. Kromp-Kolb, H. Scheifinger, MJ Lexer, and M. Widmann. "Climate change scenarios at Austrian National Forest Inventory sites." Climate Research 22 (2002): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr022161.

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Kalashnikova, Marina, Iris-Corinna Schwarz, and Denis Burnham. "OZI: Australian English Communicative Development Inventory." First Language 36, no. 4 (May 24, 2016): 407–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723716648846.

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Steger, Stefan, Alexander Brenning, Rainer Bell, and Thomas Glade. "The propagation of inventory-based positional errors into statistical landslide susceptibility models." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 12 (December 16, 2016): 2729–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2729-2016.

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Abstract. There is unanimous agreement that a precise spatial representation of past landslide occurrences is a prerequisite to produce high quality statistical landslide susceptibility models. Even though perfectly accurate landslide inventories rarely exist, investigations of how landslide inventory-based errors propagate into subsequent statistical landslide susceptibility models are scarce. The main objective of this research was to systematically examine whether and how inventory-based positional inaccuracies of different magnitudes influence modelled relationships, validation results, variable importance and the visual appearance of landslide susceptibility maps. The study was conducted for a landslide-prone site located in the districts of Amstetten and Waidhofen an der Ybbs, eastern Austria, where an earth-slide point inventory was available. The methodological approach comprised an artificial introduction of inventory-based positional errors into the present landslide data set and an in-depth evaluation of subsequent modelling results. Positional errors were introduced by artificially changing the original landslide position by a mean distance of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 120 m. The resulting differently precise response variables were separately used to train logistic regression models. Odds ratios of predictor variables provided insights into modelled relationships. Cross-validation and spatial cross-validation enabled an assessment of predictive performances and permutation-based variable importance. All analyses were additionally carried out with synthetically generated data sets to further verify the findings under rather controlled conditions. The results revealed that an increasing positional inventory-based error was generally related to increasing distortions of modelling and validation results. However, the findings also highlighted that interdependencies between inventory-based spatial inaccuracies and statistical landslide susceptibility models are complex. The systematic comparisons of 12 models provided valuable evidence that the respective error-propagation was not only determined by the degree of positional inaccuracy inherent in the landslide data, but also by the spatial representation of landslides and the environment, landslide magnitude, the characteristics of the study area, the selected classification method and an interplay of predictors within multiple variable models. Based on the results, we deduced that a direct propagation of minor to moderate inventory-based positional errors into modelling results can be partly counteracted by adapting the modelling design (e.g. generalization of input data, opting for strongly generalizing classifiers). Since positional errors within landslide inventories are common and subsequent modelling and validation results are likely to be distorted, the potential existence of inventory-based positional inaccuracies should always be considered when assessing landslide susceptibility by means of empirical models.

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Dargavel, J. "An initial inventory of Australian foresters’ lives." Australian Forestry 79, no. 4 (October 2016): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049158.2016.1237252.

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Paul, F. "Changes in glacier area in Tyrol, Austria, between 1969 and 1992 derived from Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Austrian Glacier Inventory data." International Journal of Remote Sensing 23, no. 4 (January 2002): 787–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160110070708.

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Boyle, Gregory J., James Ward, and Tania J. Lennon. "Personality Assessment Inventory: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis." Perceptual and Motor Skills 79, no. 3_suppl (December 1994): 1441–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.3f.1441.

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The Personality Assessment Inventory is a recently constructed multidimensional self-report measure of personality traits. Morey reported the results of a scale factoring, claiming that the instrument measures four separate higher-order dimensions; however, in an independent Australian study of the psychometric properties of the inventory, Boyle and Lennon found five higher-order dimensions, using factor analytic procedures intended to maximize simple structure. The present paper reports the results of a confirmatory factor analysis for the proposed model based on the Australian data. The results indicate that the model does not provide a satisfactory fit, raising questions about the higher-order factor structure.

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23

Loibl, Wolfgang, Rudolf Orthofer, and Wilfried Winiwarter. "Spatially disaggregated emission inventory for anthropogenic NMVOC in Austria." Atmospheric Environment. Part A. General Topics 27, no. 16 (November 1993): 2575–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(93)90031-s.

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24

Ferguson, Ian. "Australian plantation inventory: ownership changes, availability and policy." Australian Forestry 77, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049158.2013.868766.

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Howes, Michael. "What's Your Poison? The Australian National Pollutant Inventory versus the US Toxics Release Inventory." Australian Journal of Political Science 36, no. 3 (November 2001): 529–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10361140120100703.

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Pierce, C. Mark B., and Geoffrey N. Molloy. "The Construct Validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory: Some Data from down under." Psychological Reports 65, no. 3_suppl2 (December 1989): 1340–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.65.3f.1340.

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The Maslach Burnout Inventory has been used to measure burnout among workers in the helping professions. The construct validity of the inventory was examined using a sample of 750 Australian postprimary (high school) teachers. Analyses of teachers' responses confirmed a three-factor structure and showed the inventory to be a reliable instrument.

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Talianu, Camelia, and Petra Seibert. "Analysis of sulfate aerosols over Austria: a case study." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 9 (May 13, 2019): 6235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6235-2019.

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Abstract. An increase in the sulfate aerosols observed in the period 1–6 April 2014 over Austria is analyzed using in situ measurements at an Austrian air quality background station, lidar measurements at the closest EARLINET stations around Austria, CAMS near-real-time data, and particle dispersion modeling using FLEXPART, a Lagrangian transport model. In situ measurements of SO2, PM2.5, PM10, and O3 were performed at the air quality background station Pillersdorf, Austria (EMEP station AT30, 48∘43′ N, 15∘55′ E). A CAMS aerosol mixing ratio analysis for Pillersdorf and the lidar stations Leipzig, Munich, Garmisch, and Bucharest indicates the presence of an event of aerosol transport, with sulfate and dust as principal components. For the sulfate layers identified at Pillersdorf from the CAMS analysis, backward- and forward-trajectory analyses were performed, associating lidar stations with the trajectories. The lidar measurements for the period corresponding to trajectory overpass of associated stations were analyzed, obtaining the aerosol layers, the optical properties, and the aerosol types. The potential sources of transported aerosols were determined for Pillersdorf and the lidar stations using the source–receptor sensitivity computed with FLEXPART, combined with the MACCity source inventory. A comparative analysis for Pillersdorf and the trajectory-associated lidar stations showed consistent aerosol layers, optical properties and types, and potential sources. A complex pattern of contributions to sulfate over Austria was found in this paper. For the lower layers (below 2000 m) of sulfate, it was found that central Europe was the main source of sulfate. Medium to smaller contributions come from sources in eastern Europe, northwest Africa, and the eastern US. For the middle-altitude layers (between 2000 and 5000 m), sources from central Europe (northern Italy, Serbia, Hungary) contribute with similar emissions. Northwest Africa and the eastern US also have important contributions. For the high-altitude layers (above 5000 m), the main contributions come from northwest Africa, but sources from the southern and eastern US also contribute significantly. No contributions from Europe are seen for these layers. The methodology used in this paper can be used as a general tool to correlate measurements at in situ stations and EARLINET lidar stations around these in situ stations.

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Chung, Janne O. Y., Jeffrey R. Cohen, and Gary S. Monroe. "The Effect of Moods on Auditors’ Inventory Valuation Decisions." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 27, no. 2 (November 1, 2008): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2008.27.2.137.

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SUMMARY: This paper investigates the effect of different mood states—specifically positive, neutral, and negative mood—on inventory valuation decisions. Psychological research suggests that different mood states can lead to different professional judgments in the performance of an ambiguous task. Compared with neutral- and negative-mood individuals, positive-mood individuals have the lowest consensus and make the least conservative judgment (i.e., the highest inventory valuation), and negative-mood individuals have the highest consensus and make the most conservative judgment (i.e., the lowest inventory valuation). An experiment conducted with 102 Australian audit professionals found that, consistent with the literature, mood states affect the dispersion and extent of conservatism in the inventory valuation judgment. A follow-up experiment conducted with 170 final-year Australian auditing students suggests that the effect of moods on judgment may be due to the mood-congruent retrieval of information by the participants. Implications for practice and research are also provided.

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Carr, Lidena, Russell Korsch, and Tehani Palu. "Australia's onshore basin inventory: volume I." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15097.

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Following the publication of Geoscience Australia Record 2014/09: Petroleum geology inventory of Australia’s offshore frontier basins by Totterdell et al (2014), the onshore petroleum section of Geoscience Australia embarked on a similar project for the onshore Australian basins. Volume I of this publication series contains inventories of the McArthur, South Nicholson, Georgina, Amadeus, Warburton, Wiso, Galilee, and Cooper basins. A comprehensive review of the geology, petroleum systems, exploration status, and data coverage for these eight Australian onshore basins was conducted, based on the results of Geoscience Australia’s precompetitive data programs, industry exploration results, and the geoscience literature. A petroleum prospectivity ranking was assigned to each basin, based on evidence for the existence of an active petroleum system. The availability of data and level of knowledge in each area was reflected in a confidence rating for that ranking. This extended abstract summarises the rankings assigned to each of these eight basins, and describes the type of information available for each of these basins in the publically available report by Carr et al (2016), available on the Geoscience Australia website. The record allocated a high prospectivity rating for the Amadeus and Cooper basins, a moderate rating for the Galilee, McArthur and Georgina basins, and a low rating for the South Nicholson, Warburton and Wiso basins. The record lists how best to access data for each basin, provides an assessment of issues and unanswered questions, and recommends future work directions to lessen the risk of these basins in terms of their petroleum prospectivity. Work is in progress to compile inventories on the next series of onshore basins.

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Chochole, M. "Robert Kienböck: the man and his work." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 35, no. 7 (April 28, 2010): 534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193410367708.

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Robert Kienböck is best remembered for his publication “Concerning traumatic malacia of the lunate and it’s consequences” in 1910. However, this is only one of 250 publications, an eight volume edition on radiology and his uncountable presentations to the scientific world. He also was an inventor and entrepreneur and the first president of the Austrian Röntgen Society.

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Hagen, Heinrich-Otto von. "Vibration Signals in Australian Fiddler Crabs - A First Inventory." Beagle : Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 16 (December 2000): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.254539.

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Rathner, Günther, and Gerhard Rumpold. "Convergent validity of the eating disorder inventory and the anorexia nervosa inventory for self-rating in an austrian nonclinical population." International Journal of Eating Disorders 16, no. 4 (December 1994): 381–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-108x(199412)16:4<381::aid-eat2260160407>3.0.co;2-q.

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Janauer, Georg A. "The inventory of aquatic macrophytes in the Austrian stretch of the River Danube." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 27, no. 7 (September 2001): 3947–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1998.11901732.

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Robison, John O. "Vienna, Austrian National Library, Manuscript 18810: A Repertory Study and Manuscript Inventory With Concordances." Royal Musical Association Research Chronicle 19 (1985): 68–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14723808.1985.10540913.

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Ms 18810 of the austrian national library has long been known to scholars as an important source of the secular works of Ludwig Senfl, Heinrich Isaac, and Paul Hofhaimer. Most of the remaining compositions in the manuscript, however, have been overlooked because they are either anonymous or by lesser-known composers. The purposes of this paper will be to discuss the manuscript and its contents, examine the musical styles found within it, and present an inventory more complete than that made more than eighty years ago by Josef Mantuani (1899, vol. 10, 219–24)’.

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Kučera, Zdeněk, and Tomáš Vondrák. "Key Enabling Technologies v ČR – internacionalizace výzkumu a průmyslového vlastnictví / Key Enabling Technologies in the Czech Republic – the internationalization of research and of industrial property rights." ERGO 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ergo-2015-0009.

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This article aims to examine the character of the international relationships of the Czech Republic in R&D in the Key Enabling Technologies (KETs), and in the protection of international industrial property rights. The analysis of the publication activities indicates an increase of the internationalization of the Czech R&D in nanotechnology and to a lesser extent in advanced manufacturing technologies both in an absolute volume and relatively to the overall internalization of the whole Czech R&D system. The R&D related to KETs uses the foreign expertise less than is the overall extent of the R&D international collaboration of the Czech Republic. The traditional Czech R&D partners USA, UK, and Germany dominate in the KETs oriented collaborations. The collaboration in photonics and micro- and nanoelectronic with Japan, in nanotechnology with Malaysia and in advanced materials with Singapore is significantly higher than the overall collaboration with these countries. On the other side it is rather disquieting, that countries with advanced R&D like Austria, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Sweden are underrepresented in the KETs oriented Czech collaborative research. The patent analysis indicates that almost a half of the inventions in which the Czech researchers participated, is co-owned by foreign subjects. This probably relates to a significant number of global corporations or subsidiaries with R&D operating in the Czech Republic. In micro- and nanolelectronics and to a significant extent in photonics more than half of patent applications are co-owned by foreign entities. Most of the patent applications originating from Czech inventors are owned by US subjects. On the other hand the fraction of patent applications which have foreign inventors and are co-owned by Czech subjects is significantly lower in comparison with developed countries.

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Hopkinson, Laura, Dianne Watt, and John Roodenburg. "Australian Validation of the Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC)." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 31, no. 2 (May 16, 2014): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2014.3.

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The Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC) is a developmentally appropriate parent-report measure of the Five Factor Model (FFM) that has been validated in several European languages but only recently in English. The English translation of the HiPIC was evaluated in an Australian context. Parent-rated HiPIC scores were obtained for 202 children (aged 5–14 years) via an online survey. Exploratory factor analysis indicated five factors that appeared reasonably congruent with the original Flemish HiPIC structure, though with some apparent differences particularly in regard to the Extraversion and Benevolence facets. A Procrustes targeted rotation was used to evaluate the congruence with the original Flemish structure. This indicated encouragingly high congruences for the overall model (.97), as well as high facet and factor congruence (.92–.99). These findings can be taken to reflect the robust nature of the HiPIC model, validating the instrument and more specifically confirming its applicability for use in practice and research investigating children's development and wellbeing in Australia.

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Parker, G., D. Hadzi-Pavlovic, K. Parker, G. Malhi, P. Mitchell, K. Wilhelm, and M.-P. Austin. "An Australian validation study of the temperament and character inventory." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 108, no. 5 (October 6, 2003): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00149.x.

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Vocino, Andrea, Michael Polonsky, and Sara Dolnicar. "Segmenting Australian online panellists based on volunteering motivations." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 27, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 4–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-03-2014-0036.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to seek to assess whether online commercial panel volunteering can be segmented based on their motivations, using the volunteer functions inventor. The authors also investigate whether segments exist which differ in demographic characteristics. Design/methodology/approach – The authors survey 484 Australian online panel volunteers using a adapted version of the 30 item of the volunteer function inventory (VFI) scale developed by Clary et al. (1998). Data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and cluster analysis, as well as ANOVA and χ2 test comparisons of demographics between clusters. Findings – CFA verifies that the VFI scale is suitable instrument to gauge online participants’ motivations. Cluster analysis produced a five-cluster solution, where respondents with low motivations overall comprised the largest grouping. Segments are interpreted by assessing the difference between the total sample average and the segment profile. The examination also identifies that the only demographic factor that varies across the five clusters is “respondents” employment status”. Research limitations/implications – Future research could explore if differences in segments result in differences in online participation. The high number or respondents with low motivations may explain the relatively high levels of churn that take place within online panels and as a result panel operators would need to continually attract new members. Further research could also investigate whether the levels of motivation change over time and if so what effect such variation would produce on respondents’ retention. Originality/value – Research on online panel respondents’ motivation is still limited and investigating online panellists’ motivation as volunteers is very important as it unveils, as in the study herein reported, that alternative types of respondents may be driven by different factors when joining an online panel (or completing a given survey). Recruitment strategies could, therefore, be shaped to suit the motivation of the different segments. By refining the matching between volunteers’ profiles and their motivation, managers could improve how volunteers are recruited, managed and retained.

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Kenis, M., W. Rabitsch, M. A. Auger-Rozenberg, and A. Roques. "How can alien species inventories and interception data help us prevent insect invasions?" Bulletin of Entomological Research 97, no. 5 (October 2007): 489–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485307005184.

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AbstractInformation relevant to invasion processes and invasive alien insect species management in Central Europe was extracted from two databases: a compilation of two inventories of alien insects in Austria and Switzerland, and a list of interceptions of non-indigenous plant pests in Europe gathered by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) for the period 1995–2004. For one-third of the insects established in Switzerland and Austria, the region of origin is unclear. Others come mainly from North America, Asia and the Mediterranean region. Among the intercepted insects, 40% were associated with commodities from Asia, 32% from Europe and only 2% from North America. Sternorrhyncha, Coleoptera and Psocoptera were particularly well represented in the alien fauna compared to the native fauna. In the interception database, Sternorrhyncha were also well represented but Diptera accounted for the highest number of records. Sap feeders and detritivores were the dominant feeding niches in the alien insect fauna. In contrast, external defoliators, stem borers, gall makers, root feeders, predators and parasitoids were underrepresented. Nearly 40% of the alien insects in Switzerland and Austria live only indoors. Another 15% live outdoors but exclusively or predominantly on exotic plants. Less than 20% are found mainly in ‘natural’ environments. The majority of introductions of alien insects in Europe are associated with the international trade in ornamental plants. An economic impact was found for 40% of the alien insects in Switzerland and Austria, whereas none is known to have an ecological impact. The implications of these observations for further studies and the management of alien species in Europe are discussed.

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Irmscher, Maike. "The Interface Function of Thinking Styles between Personality and Intelligence." World Journal of Education 9, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wje.v9n1p79.

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The aim of the present study is to investigate thinking styles at the interface between personality traits andintelligence. A total of 266 students in Germany and Austria completed the Thinking Styles Inventory forGerman-Speaking Samples (TSI-GER), the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Intelligence-StructureTest 2000 R (I-S-T 2000 R). Structural equation modelling was applied to investigate whether thinking stylesmediate the relationship between personality traits and intelligence. The results indicate that styles do not work as aninterface between personality and intelligence, which suggests that styles represent a “stand-alone” learningprerequisite.

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O'brien, H. D. "Vivian Richard Ebsary, A.M. Biomedical Engineer, Inventor, Philanthropist." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 33, no. 1_suppl (June 2005): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0503301s08.

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Vivian Ebsary was an inventor, designer and manufacturer of varied pieces of medical equipment, particularly those involving pumps. These included hypothermia machines and the heart-lung cardiopulmonary bypass machines used in Australian and New Zealand hospitals from the mid 1950s until well into the 1970s. Ebsary also designed and manufactured anaesthetic machines, a hyperbaric unit, scoliosis implant equipment, a chairlift and many other devices for use in the general community. This paper presents an overview of his life's involvement with medicine and medical technology in Australia.

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Jensen, Paul H., Russell Thomson, and Jongsay Yong. "Estimating the patent premium: Evidence from the Australian Inventor Survey." Strategic Management Journal 32, no. 10 (February 25, 2011): 1128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.925.

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Dear, Greg E., Bruce D. Watt, and John Dockerlll. "Factor Structure of the Spielberger Anger Expression Scales When Used with Australian Prisoners." Psychological Reports 92, no. 2 (April 2003): 617–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2003.92.2.617.

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The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory administered to prison inmates has supported the factor structure of the three anger expression scales although this structure has not been verified with Australian participants. Data collected from 397 Western Australian male prisoners produced a factor structure consistent with the scale structure outlined in the 1991 manual. Scale means and standard deviations were similar to those reported for U.S. and Canadian prisoners. It is therefore appropriate to use the standard scoring procedures with Australian male prisoners.

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Jäger-Klein, C., A. Kryeziu, V. Ymeri Hoxha, and M. Rant. "A DIGITAL PRE-INVENTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE IN KOSOVO USING DOCU-TOOLS®." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 18, 2017): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-383-2017.

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Kosovo is one of the new states in transition in the Western Balkans and its state institutions are not yet fully functional. Although the territory has a rich architectural heritage, the documentation and inventory of this cultural legacy by the national monument protection institutions is insufficiently-structured and incomplete. Civil society has collected far more material than the state, but people are largely untrained in the terminology and categories of professional cultural inventories and in database systems and their international standards. What is missing is an efficient, user-friendly, low-threshold tool to gather together and integrate the various materials, archive them appropriately and make all the information suitably accessible to the public. Multiple groups of information-holders should be able to feed this open-access platform in an easy and self-explanatory way. In this case, existing systems such as the Arches Heritage Inventory and Management System would seem to be too complex, as it pre-supposes a certain understanding of the standard terminology and internationally used categories. Also, the platform as archive must be able to guarantee the integrity and authenticity of the inputted material to avoid abuse through unauthorized users with nationalistic views. Such an open-access lay-inventory would enable Kosovo to meet the urgent need for a national heritage inventory, which the state institutions have thus far been able to establish. The situation is time-sensitive, as Kosovo will soon repeat its attempt to join UNESCO, having failed to do so in 2015, receiving only a minimum number of votes in favour. In Austria, a program called docu-tools® was recently developed to tackle a similar problem. It can be used by non-professionals to document complicated and multi-structured cases within the building process. Its cloud and app-design structure allows archiving enormous numbers of images and documents in whatever format. Additionally, it allows parallel access by authorized users and avoids any hierarchy of structure or prerequisites for its users. The archived documents cannot be changed after input, which gave this documentation tool acclaimed court relevance. The following article is an attempt to explore the potential for this tool to prepare Kosovo for a comprehensive heritage inventory.

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Hsu, Ching-I., Peter Caputi, and Mitchell K. Byrne. "The Level of Service Inventory-Revised (Lsi-R) and Australian Offenders." Criminal Justice and Behavior 38, no. 6 (March 25, 2011): 600–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854811402583.

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The Level of Service Inventory—Revised (LSI-R) assesses the risk of reoffending and identifies criminogenic need characteristics of offenders. Despite the assessment’s popularity, its factor structure remains under-researched. Inconsistency in published research may be attributed to the misuse, and inappropriate statistical analyses, of the LSI-R subscale scores. The present study explored the factor structure of the LSI-R, at the item level, using a sample of Australian offenders. Binary exploratory factor analysis found a five-factor solution for male offenders and a four-factor solution for female offenders. Using these data to “recalibrate” the LSI-R, sensitivity and specificity comparisons of the original and modified LSI-R were undertaken. With specific attention to Indigenous status and types of sentence orders served, sensitivity and specificity improvements were observed. Findings are discussed in terms of the value of exploring latent constructs and validating assessment tools, as well as the potential impact on the management and rehabilitation of Australian offenders.

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Knevels, Raphael, Alexander Brenning, Simone Gingrich, Gerhard Heiss, Theresia Lechner, Philip Leopold, Christoph Plutzar, Herwig Proske, and Helene Petschko. "Towards the Use of Land Use Legacies in Landslide Modeling: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives in an Austrian Case Study." Land 10, no. 9 (September 8, 2021): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10090954.

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Land use/land cover (LULC) changes may alter the risk of landslide occurrence. While LULC has often been considered as a static factor representing present-day LULC, historical LULC dynamics have recently begun to attract more attention. The study objective was to assess the effect of LULC legacies of nearly 200 years on landslide susceptibility models in two Austrian municipalities (Waidhofen an der Ybbs and Paldau). We mapped three cuts of LULC patterns from historical cartographic documents in addition to remote-sensing products. Agricultural archival sources were explored to provide also a predictor on cumulative biomass extraction as an indicator of historical land use intensity. We use historical landslide inventories derived from high-resolution digital terrain models (HRDTM) generated using airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR), which are reported to have a biased landslide distribution on present-day forested areas and agricultural land. We asked (i) if long-term LULC legacies are important and reliable predictors and (ii) if possible inventory biases may be mitigated by LULC legacies. For the assessment of the LULC legacy effect on landslide occurrences, we used generalized additive models (GAM) within a suitable modeling framework considering various settings of LULC as predictor, and evaluated the effect with well-established diagnostic tools. For both municipalities, we identified a high density of landslides on present-day forested areas, confirming the reported drawbacks. With the use of LULC legacy as an additional predictor, it was not only possible to account for this bias, but also to improve model performances.

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McCrabb, G. J., and R. A. Hunter. "Prediction of methane emissions from beef cattle in tropical production systems." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 8 (1999): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar99009.

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The northern beef cattle herd accounts for more than half of Australia’s beef cattle population, and is a major source of anthropogenic methane emissions for Australia. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory predictions of methane output from Australian beef cattle are based on a predictive equation developed for British breeds of sheep and cattle offered temperate forage-based diets. However, tropical forage diets offered to cattle in northern Australia differ markedly from temperate forage-based diets used in the United Kingdom to develop the predictive equations. In this paper we review recent respiration chamber measurements of daily methane production for Brahman cattle offered a tropical forage or high grain diet, and compare them with values predicted using methodologies of the Australian National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Committee and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. We conclude that a reliable inventory of methane emissions for cattle in northern Australia can only be achieved after a wider range of tropical forage species has been investigated. Some opportunities for reducing methane emissions of beef cattle by dietary manipulation are discussed.

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Cooper, Nathan, Donna Green, and Katrin Meissner. "The Australian National Pollutant Inventory Fails to Fulfil Its Legislated Goals." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 5 (May 4, 2017): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050478.

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Sobala, Michał. "Do historical maps show the maximal anthropopressure in the Carpathians?" Journal of Mountain Science 18, no. 8 (July 14, 2021): 2184–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11629-021-6680-z.

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AbstractMany landscapes bear the marks of historical land use. These marks can be the basis for a reconstruction of a historical land use structure as some of them are typical of different types of human activity. The aim of this paper is to determine whether Austrian cadastral maps from the 19th century present the image of the most transformed environment in the Western Carpathians as a result of agricultural activity. Land use structure and terrain forms were detected based on Austrian cadastral maps from 1848, airborne laser scanning and field studies. In two of the test areas, the percentage of arable fields was higher among the plots with stone mounds than the percentage among the plots without them. In the third test area, the relationship was reversed. Also, lynchets, terraces and stone walls sometimes occur in plots that were not arable fields in 1848. Thus, the Austrian cadastral maps from 1848 could not reflect the maximal range of arable fields in the Carpathians in the 19th century. However, it is impossible to determine the historical structure of land use precisely. Nevertheless, an inventory of terrain forms can be used to assess land use when historical maps have not preserved or when available maps do not present land use in detail.

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Waldherr, Karin, Angela Favaro, Paolo Santonastaso, Tatjana van Strien, and Günther Rathner. "Comparison of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) in the Netherlands, Austria and Italy." European Eating Disorders Review 16, no. 6 (November 2008): 472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.881.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Inventors, Austrian'

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