Academic literature on the topic 'Inventory Percentage'
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Journal articles on the topic "Inventory Percentage"
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A, Eka Sofia, Darno Darno, Mitha Otik Wiraswati, and Dewi Agustya Ningrum. "Analisa Pengendalian Persediaan Suku Cadang Pada PT. XYZ Dengan Metode Analisis ABC." Abiwara : Jurnal Vokasi Administrasi Bisnis 2, no. 1 (2020): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/abiwara.v2i1.1050.
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Inventory can be interpreted as a stock of goods to be sold or used at a certain time,without the inventory the company will run the risk and can not meet costomer demand. This research was conducted to analyze spare part inventory using ABC analysis method and EOQ method at PT. Adiprima Suraprinta, Gresik.The results of this study are there there are 4 spare parts inventory items in group A with a cumulative percentage of 8,59% by absorbing a budget of 56,78%, there are 5 spare parts inventory items in group B with a cumulative percentage of 18,47% by absorbing a budget of 24,15%, there are 17 spare parts inventory items in group C with a cumulative percentage of 72,92% by absorbing a budget of 10%.
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Ali Khan, Junaid, Shiming Deng, and Muhammad Hammad A.K. Khan. "An Empirical Analysis of Inventory Turnover Performance Within a Local Chinese Supermarket." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 34 (2016): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n34p145.
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Retail inventory is an important indicator for retailers as well as their shareholders and suppliers. Inventory enables retailer to sell products to customer but excessive or slow moving inventory also add extra cost. For shareholders and suppliers this is an indication of retailer’s bright or grim future. The aim of this research is to analyze the inventory turnover’s impact on the performance variables of profit margin percentage and sale surprise in one of the retailing firm of Hubei province China. We will study if inventory turnover is affected by profit margin percentage and sale surprise similarly across all categories and modes of operation in retail firm or there is some variation in the known behavior. We will be testing our hypothesis on data of a large local supermarket chain that operates in the Hubei province of China. They have multiple supermarkets in the tier 1 and tier 2 cities of the province. We investigate correlation of inventory turnover with profit margin percentage and sale surprise across different categories and modes of operation. The analysis reveals that there is a negative correlation between Inventory Turnover and profit margin percentage, while positive correlation exists between Inventory Turnover and Sale surprise across all categories and modes. But its rate of correlation varies between categories and channel structure.
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Xu, Jianjun, and Lanlan Cao. "Optimal in-store inventory policy for omnichannel retailers in franchising networks." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 47, no. 12 (2019): 1251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-09-2018-0199.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to characterize the optimal ordering and allocation policy for a store replenishment decision in the context of an omnichannel retailer in a franchise network. The authors further show that a myopic policy is optimal, which circumvents the curse of dimensionality for the multi-period inventory model and help store managers optimize their decisions about the amount of inventory to stock for both online and offline demands and the percentage of inventory to reserve for online orders. Design/methodology/approach This research is trigged by several managerial studies which suggest reserving a certain percentage of the in-store inventory for online orders as a good store inventory allocation practice for omnichannel retailers in a franchise network. The authors used an analytical model to develop this practice by clarifying how store managers can decide on the amount of inventory to replenish and the percentage to reserve for online orders. Findings This study develops a finite horizon, periodic review inventory model to identify an optimal and dynamic replenishment and allocation policy. The analysis uncovers the system’s fundamental structural property concavity. The research shows that, due to this property, the optimal replenishment policy is a base-stock policy. The latter is due to the base stock level being independent of the initial inventory at hand, and the optimal allocation level being non-decreasing on the base-stock level. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the literature on store inventory management for omnichannel retailers in a franchise network by investigating their optimal store inventory ordering and allocation policy. Nevertheless, the zero-lead time and zero-setup cost assumptions limit the findings. Practical implications Insights into an optimal store inventory policy may guide franchisee store managers to decide on the amount of inventory to replenish and the percentage to reserve for online orders. Originality/value The originality of this paper lies in its focus on in-store inventory management for omnichannel retailers in a franchise network. The findings are helpful for franchisor retailers to implement the omnichannel strategy at the level of in-store inventory management. Beyond using incentive systems, the franchisor should leverage legitimate powers by mentioning a relevant measure in their contracts with their franchisee to minimize their channel conflicts and ensure their customers have seamless shopping experiences.
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Bhowmick, Jhuma, and G. P. Samanta. "Optimal inventory policies for imperfect inventory with price dependent stochastic demand and partially backlogged shortages." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 22, no. 2 (2012): 199–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor101011007b.
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The paper investigates a single period imperfect inventory model with price dependent stochastic demand and partial backlogging. The backorder rate is a nonlinear non-increasing function of the magnitude of shortage. Two special cases are considered assuming that the percentage of defective items follows a truncated exponential distribution and a normal distribution respectively. The optimal order quantity and the optimal mark up value are determined such that the expected total profit of the system is maximized. Numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed model which is compared with the traditional model of perfect stock. Sensitivity analysis is performed to explain the behavior of the proposed model with respect to the key parameters.
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Xu, Xue Qi, Ling Yan Meng, and Xiao Bo Qian. "Application of JIT Purchasing on Realizing Zero Inventory Management for Bookuu Website." Key Engineering Materials 584 (September 2013): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.584.245.
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This study focuses on the high cancellation rate of purchasing orders at the Bookuu Bookstore website. The discussion starts with some problems associated with the original Bookuu website, especially issues related to order cancellations due to "insufficient inventory". Then, a method of setting up virtual inventory based on the theory of just-in-time purchasing is proposed, which is intended to improve inventory management. In addition, the business process of the Bookuu website is optimized. Finally, we compare and analyze the order cancellation situation before and after implementing the zero-inventory management scheme. Statistical analysis shows that the percentage of the cancelled orders caused by "insufficient inventory" significantly decreased, proving that zero-inventory management of Bookuu.com has been achieved.
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HU, XIANGPEI, HUIMIN WANG, and YUNZENG WANG. "INVENTORY DECISIONS WITH DECREASING PURCHASING COSTS." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 29, no. 01 (2012): 1240002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595912400027.
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Costs of many items drop systematically throughout their life-cycles, due to advances in technology and competition. Motivated by the management of service parts for some high-tech products, this paper studies inventory decisions for such items. In a periodic review setting with stochastic demand, we model the purchasing costs of successive periods as a stochastic and decreasing sequence. Unit selling price of the item is determined as some mark-up of the purchasing cost and, hence, will change over time as well. We consider two specific mark-up models: (1) purchasing cost plus constant-dollar-amount mark-up, and (2) purchasing cost plus constant-percentage mark-up. To maximize the total discounted expected profit, we derive conditions under which myopic policies are optimal for the systems.
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Vu, Tony, and Yifan She. "Automated Dispensing Cabinet Optimization in a Level 2 Trauma Center." Journal of Contemporary Pharmacy Practice 67, no. 4 (2021): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37901/jcphp20-00005.
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Introduction Opportunities have been identified regarding timely delivery of medications due to lack of ADC inventory related to stock outs or other variances in pharmacy workflow (i.e. compounding and distribution times). These opportunities for improvement impact patient care and result in both nursing and pharmacy staff frustration. Additionally, there are significant costs associated with unused medications stored in ADCs, taking up valuable real estate that would otherwise house more opportune inventory. This situation has created a need for more efficient management of the ADC inventory. Currently, research in the topic area is sparse. We hypothesize that the systematic management and oversight of ADC inventory will demonstrate a significant improvement in key performance indicators and provide insight to the current gaps in knowledge. Methods This study will be a continuous quality improvement project with a combination of retrospective data review and prospective optimization interventions of automated dispensing cabinets (Pyxis®). Interventions include review and adjustment of ADC par levels, removal of unused/stagnate medications, standardization of stock, and continual review of ADC inventory turns and associated optimization opportunities. The primary outcomes are the change in vend/fill ratio from baseline, change in medication stockout percentage from baseline. Results There was no significant difference in vend/fill ratio after the optimization phase compared with baseline [Difference 0.13 (11.56 ± 6.1 vs. 11.43 ± 5.41) respectively, (p=0.84)]. Medication stockout percentage was also found to be similar with baseline [Difference -0.05 (0.71% ± 0.12 vs. 0.76% ± 0.08) respectively, (p=0.37)]. For secondary outcomes, the change in blind stockout percentage from baseline was -0.04 [0.13 ± 0.02 vs. 0.17 ± 0.02, (p=0.004)] and the change in medications dispensed per day from baseline was 317 [2656 ± 143 vs. 2339 ± 200, (p=0.0002)]. Conclusion Optimization of automated dispensing cabinets yielded marginal improvements in vend/fill ratio and stockout percentage and significantly improved overall efficiency through an increase in the number of medications stocked in ADCs and number of medications dispensed per day from ADCs. Evaluation of more clinically significant performance indicators may better characterize the benefits from the optimization process.
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Banerjee, A., and J. H. Dempster. "Laser palatoplasty: evaluation of patient benefit using Glasgow benefit inventory." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 114, no. 8 (2000): 601–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215001906507.
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Short-term results of laser palatoplasty have been encouraging. This study was undertaken to evaluate if there is a deterioration of benefit with time as seen in uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP). The Glasgow benefit inventory (GBI) was applied retrospectively by means of a postal questionnaire to measure the quality of benefit and to evaluate any deterioration in benefit with increasing post-operative time. Our results show that laser palatoplasty benefited 53 per cent of patients. With increasing postoperative time there was a decrease in the percentage of patients who felt the operation had made no difference, with a corresponding increase in the percentage of patients who felt worse. Although the number of patients who benefited remained fairly constant, there was deterioration in the quality of benefit in the first year, after which the benefit remained stable. This has implications in the pre-operative counselling of patients.
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Sutrisno, Sutrisno, Widowati Widowati, and R. Heru Tjahjana. "Control of inventory system with random demand and product damage during delivery using the linear quadratic gaussian method." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22, no. 3 (2021): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1748-1753.
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This study formulates a dynamical system for the control of a single product inventory system in accordance with the random value of demand and the percentage of damaged product during the delivery process. The formulated model has the form of a linear state-space system comprising of two disturbances, which represents the random value of demand and the percentage of the damaged product during delivery. The optimal value of the product amount ordered to the supplier is properly calculated by using the linear quadratic gaussian (LQG) method. The controller is used by the manager to make inventory level decisions under the uncertainty of demand and damaged items during the product delivery process. The result showed that the optimal product order for each review time was achieved, and the inventory level was used to obtain the right set point properly. Moreover, based on comparison with other research results, the proposed model was well performed.
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Ezukanma, Izuchuk O., Oluwatoyin T. Ogundipe, George I. Nodza, and Tamás Pócs. "Bryophyte Records from the Eastern Nigerian Highlands." Polish Botanical Journal 62, no. 2 (2017): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pbj-2017-0030.
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Abstract A preliminary inventory of the eastern Nigerian highlands yielded 27 bryophyte species (5 liverworts, 22 mosses), including 13 species new for the country (2 liverworts and 11 mosses). The large percentage of new national records (ca 52%) indicates that the eastern Nigerian highland has rich bryophyte diversity and is undercollected. A more detailed inventory of the region using more rigorous sampling protocols is recommended.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inventory Percentage"
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Azari, Afarin Ahmadi. "Effective tax rate in european companies." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21107.
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Mestrado em Finanças<br>Este trabalho pretende determinar como as características das Empresas têm influência no consequente tratamento Fiscal, nomeadamente na taxa efetiva de imposto.
No nosso estudo, a Taxa Efetiva de Imposto (TEI) foi definida das 3 seguintes formas: TEI1 sendo um logaritmo do rendimento coletável dividido pelo GAI (Ganhos antes de Impostos), TEI2 sendo um logaritmo do rendimento coletável dividido pelo GAI normalizado e TEI3 como um algoritmo do montante pago em Impostos dividido pelo GAI normalizado.
A amostra é constituída por 450 Empresas Publicas de 18 países Europeus e de 8 diferentes sectores de atividade. Listadas no Stoxx Euro 600 no período de 2012 a 2018.
As variáveis independentes utilizadas foram a Dimensão da Empresa, a profitabilidade, a Alavancagem Financeira, a "intensidade de capital" e o Inventário, enquanto que as variáveis dependentes são as Taxas Efetivas de Imposto (TEI).
Os resultados mostram um sinal negativo para a Dimensão da Empresa,
Alavancagem Financeira, Capital Intensivo e Lucratividade. No entanto, mostram um resultado positivo na relação entre a percentagem de Inventário e a Taxa Efetiva de Imposto.<br>This study aims to determine whether firm-specific characteristics have an influence on the company's effective tax rates. In our study, ETR has been defined in three ways as following: ETR1 defined as Logarithm of income tax divided by EBT, ETR2 as logarithm of income tax divided by normalized EBT, and ETR3 as Logarithm of cash tax paid divided by normalized EBT. The sample consisted of 450 public firms from 18 European countries from eight sectors listed on the Stoxx Euro 600 from 2002 to 2018. The independent variables used in this study are company size, leverage, capital intensity, inventory and Profitability jointly whereas the dependent variable is the company's effective tax rate. The results showed a negative sign for firm size, Leverage, capital intensity and profitability. Additionally, it indicated a positive relationship between inventory intensity and ETRs.<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Serra, Cláudia Beatriz Barbas. "Desenvolvimento de um sistema de gestão de quebras de malha de uma empresa têxtil através da sua plataforma ERP." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/70262.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial<br>Este trabalho de dissertação foi elaborado no âmbito da conclusão do Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia
e Gestão Industrial, da Universidade do Minho. O projeto foi desenvolvido numa empresa do ramo têxtil,
dedicada à produção de vestuário, com destaque para os processos de acabamento e tingimento de
artigos têxteis.
O processo de ultimação está associado a uma perda de matéria-prima, designada por quebra. Durante
a análise do processo produtivo localizaram-se as origens destas quebras e identificaram-se os fatores
que as fazem variar em cada ordem de produção.
O projeto teve como principais objetivos aumentar a fiabilidade dos dados existentes no ERP,
nomeadamente, as quantidades de material utilizado nas ordens de produção e consequentemente os
dados acerca do inventário, comparar as quebras reais com as quebras estimadas e, por conseguinte,
aumentar a eficácia do planeamento a fim de evitar excessos ou défices de produção.
Como propostas de melhoria sugere-se colmatar falhas na identificação dos produtos no chão de fábrica,
realizar inventários parciais para corrigir imprecisões no inventário, normalizar os processos de
introdução de dados no software ERP, monitorizar esses mesmos dados por meio da utilização de um
ficheiro Excel, automatizar o processo de análise e monitorização, através de uma ferramenta em Visual
Basic for Applications e por fim estimar as quebras através de modelos de análise preditiva, com base
nos dados e variáveis disponíveis de ordens de produção anteriores. Este conjunto de sugestões
melhoram os dados durante todo o processo para uma tomada de decisão do planeamento de
necessidades de materiais mais consciente e informada.
Com as melhorias implementadas no âmbito da qualidade dos dados, verificou-se um aumento de 8%
na taxa de exatidão das ordens de produção da principal empresa subcontratada.<br>This dissertation work was prepared within scope of the conclusion of the Master’s degree in Industrial
Engineering and Management, at the University of Minho. The project was developed in a textile company
dedicated to the clothing industry, focusing the processes of dyeing and finishing textile articles.
In the finishing process there is a loss of raw material, named as waste percentage of the knit. During
the analysis of the production process, the origins of these wastes were located and the factors that make
the waste vary in each production order were identified.
The main objectives of the project were increasing the ERP data reliability, namely, the materials quantity
needed in each production order, inventory data, compare actual percentage waste with estimated
percentage waste and therefore increase planning efficiency in order to avoid excesses or deficits in
production.
As improvement proposals, it was suggested the suppression of gaps in the products identification on the
shop floor, execution of partial inventories to correct inaccuracies, normalization of data entry processes
in the ERP software, the monitoring of those data through the use of an Excel file, automation of the
analysis and monitoring process through a Visual Basic for Applications tool and finally an estimation of
waste through predictive analysis models, based on available data and variables from previous production
orders. This set of suggestions improves the data throughout the process for a more conscious and
informed material requirement planning.
With the improvements implemented in the scope of data quality, there was an 8% increase in the
accuracy rate of the production orders of the main outsourcer.
Book chapters on the topic "Inventory Percentage"
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V., Kuppulakshmi, Sugapriya C., Jeganathan Kathirvel, and Nagarajan Deivanayagampillai. "Analyzing EPQ Inventory Model With Comparison of Exponentially Increasing Demand and Verhult's Demand." In Advances in Data Mining and Database Management. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4706-9.ch009.
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This research investigates the comparison of inventory management planning in Verhult's demand and exponentially increasing demand. The working process is different in both the cases coupling the parameters and points out the constraints for the optimal total cost in both the cases. This analysis shows that rate of deterioration and percentage of reworkable items is considered as decision variable in both (1) exponentially increasing demand and (2) Verhult's demand. While comparing, the total cost in Verhult's demand pattern is more profitable production process. A substantial numerical example is considered to investigate the effect of change in the total cost in both the demand function. A sensitivity analysis is developed to study the effect of changes in total cost.
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Pearson, Matt. "Using language invention to teach typology and cross-linguistic universals." In Language Invention in Linguistics Pedagogy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829874.003.0007.
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This chapter outlines a group project where students learn about language typology by creating a naturalistic constructed language. Students learn about cross-linguistic variation in natural languages (in areas such as phoneme inventory, word order, and case alignment), and then determine which grammatical properties their invented language will have. Decisions are made at random by spinning a wheel. Attached to the wheel is a pie chart, where the size of each slice represents the percentage of the world’s languages possessing a given setting for some structural parameter or combination of parameters. Crucially, each decision constrains subsequent decisions in accordance with known implicational universals. For instance, in determining whether the language has prepositions or postpositions, the pie chart is adjusted based on the order of verb and object in the language, as decided by a previous spin of the wheel.
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Culver, David C., and Tanja Pipan. "Conservation and Protection of Subterranean Habitats." In The Biology of Caves and Other Subterranean Habitats. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820765.003.0010.
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A critical factor of the subterranean fauna and one that increases the risk of extinction is geographical rarity. Some stygobionts and troglobionts are also numerically rare. Subterranean organisms are also at increased risk of extinction because of low reproductive rates, and in the case of bats, because of their propensity to cluster in large numbers in a few caves. Threats to the subterranean fauna are of four general kinds—alteration of the physical habitat, changes in water quality and quantity, direct changes to the subterranean fauna, and global warming. The selection of sites for preservation requires detailed inventory data, but available evidence suggests that a majority of species can be protected at least at one site and that a relatively small percentage of total land area is required. A variety of mechanisms are available for site protection, including listing as a Ramsar wetland and as a UNESCO world heritage site.
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Smeilus, Gavin, Robert Harris, and Andrew Pollard. "An Examination of Independent Inventor Integration in Open Innovation." In Technological, Managerial and Organizational Core Competencies. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61350-165-8.ch009.
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Open Innovation allows independent inventors to become suppliers of new product ideas to businesses. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of independent inventor approaches, to companies operating Open Innovation mechanisms, result in a commercialised product. Preliminary Critical Success Factors proposed in the previous chapter seek to improve the ability of independent inventors to operate as effective suppliers of new product ideas to businesses through Open Innovation. This chapter will take the preliminary critical success factors proposed in the previous chapter and utilise them as priori constructs (Eisenhardt, 1989) as evidence is sought through case study for their presence or non-presence in a practical context. A case study on the Caparo RightFuel, an automotive device originating from an independent inventor and commercialised through an Open Innovation model, forms the basis of this chapter.
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Craighead, W. Edward, Erin S. Sheets, Alisha L. Brosse, and Stephen S. Ilardi. "Psychosocial Treatments for Major Depressive Disorder." In A Guide to Treatments that Work. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195304145.003.0010.
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Behavior therapy (BT), cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) have each been shown by at least two Type 1 or Type 2 randomized controlled trials, as well as by four meta-analytic reports of the literature, to be effective psychosocial interventions for patients meeting criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD). All three psychosocial treatments have yielded substantial reductions in scores on the two major depression rating scales (the Beck Depression Inventory and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression), significant decreases in percentage of patients meeting the criteria for MDD at posttreatment, and substantial maintenance of effects well after treatment has ended. The data for outcomes of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions for major depressive episodes suggest that the two treatment modes are equally efficacious. At least one major study lends strong support for the superior effectiveness of combined psychosocial and pharmacological treatments with severe and chronic depression. Additional recently published data suggest that psychosocial interventions may be as effective as antidepressant medications in the treatment of severely depressed patients.
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Prasetyo, Lilik B., Chandra Irawadi Wijaya, and Yudi Setiawan. "Spatial Model Approach for Deforestation." In Geographic Information Systems. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2038-4.ch113.
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Java is very densely populated since it is inhabited by more than 60% of the total population of Indonesia. Based on data from the Ministry of Forestry, forest loss between 2000-2005 in Java was about 800,000 hectares. Regardless of the debate on whether the different methodologies of forest inventory applied in 2005 have resulted in an underestimation of the figure of forest loss or not, the decrease of forest cover in Java is obvious and needs immediate response. Spatial modeling of the deforestation will assist the policy makers in understanding this process and in taking it into consideration, when decisions are made on the issue. Moreover, the results can be used as data input to solve environmental problems resulting from deforestation. The authors of this chapter modeled the deforestation in Java by using logistic regression. Percentage of deforested area was considered as the response variable, whilst biophysical and socioeconomic factors, that explain the current spatial pattern in deforestation, were assigned as explanatory variables. Furthermore, the authors predicted the future deforestation process, and then, for the case of Java, it was validated with the actual deforestation derived from MODIS satellite imageries from 2000 to 2008. Results of the study showed that the impacts of population density, road density, and slope are significant. Population density and road density have negative impacts on deforestation, while slope has positive impact. Deforestation on Java Island tends to occur in remote areas with limited access, low density population and relatively steep slopes. Implication of the model is that the government should pay more attention to remote rural areas and develop good access to accelerate and create alternative non agricultural jobs in order to reduce pressure on the forest.
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Yüksel, İsmail, and Ercüment Türkses. "Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Distance Education Students' Learning Styles and Critical Thinking Dispositions in Turkey." In Professional Development and Workplace Learning. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8632-8.ch073.
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This study aims to examine distance education students' learning styles and critical thinking dispositions. This cross sectional survey was conducted on 114 Turkish distance education students from various departments in a state university. The data of the study were collected through Grasha-Riechmann Student Learning Style Scale (GRSLSS) and California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI). Cronbach Alpha coefficiencies of the scales were .76 for GRSLSS and .79 for CCTDI. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations), t-test and one-way analysis of variance tests were used. The results indicated that the dependent learning style was the most preferred style and the avoidant learning style was the least preferred style. The further analysis regarding learning style indicated that female students perceived themselves more dependent than male students. The results also indicated that students in teacher training programs scored higher in independent and avoidant sub-scales, while students in arts and sciences programs scored higher in dependent, collaborative, competitive and participant sub-scales. The results manifested that students' critical thinking dispositions were at a low level, and they mostly had analyticity and open-mindedness dispositions. Female students were found to have more critical thinking dispositions than male students.
Conference papers on the topic "Inventory Percentage"
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Li, Qunxia, and Qun Zhang. "Inventory model optimization by considering different modelling strategies for defective percentage." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5877023.
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Ramirez, Angel D., Danilo Arcentales, and Andrea Boero. "Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Through the Shift From Fossil Fuels to Electricity in the Mass Transport System in Guayaquil, Ecuador." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87732.
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Climate change is a serious threat to sustainability. Anthropogenic climate change is due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere beyond natural levels. Anthropogenic GHG emissions are mostly associated with carbon-dioxide (CO2) originated in the combustion of fossil fuels used for heat, power, and transportation. Globally, transportation contributes to 14% of the global GHG emissions. The transport sector is one of the main contributors to the greenhouse gas emissions of Ecuador. In Guayaquil, the road mass transportation system comprises regular buses and the bus rapid transit (BRT) system. Electricity in Ecuador is mostly derived from hydropower, hence incurs relatively low GHG emissions along its life cycle. Therefore, electrification of transport has been seen as an opportunity for mitigation of GHG emissions. In this study, the effect of partial replacement of the bus rapid system fleet is investigated. Feeders have been chosen as the replacement target in five different scenarios. GHG emissions from diesel-based feeders have been calculated using the GREET Fleet Footprint Calculator tool. The GHG emissions associated with the electricity used for transportation is calculated using the life cycle inventory of the electricity generation system of Ecuador. Three energy mix scenarios are used for this purpose. The 2012 mix which had 61% hydropower; the mix of 85% hydropower and the marginal electricity scenario, which supposed the extreme case when the new demand for electricity occurs during peak demand periods. Results indicate that mitigation of GHG emissions is possible for almost all scenarios of percentage fleet replacement and all mix scenarios. Electric buses efficiency and the carbon intensity of the electricity mix are critical for GHG mitigation.
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Medrano, Marc, Jack Brouwer, G. S. Samuelsen, Marc Carreras, and Donald Dabdub. "Urban Air Quality Impacts of Distributed Generation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38309.
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Distributed Energy Resources (DER) have the potential to meet a significant portion of increased power demands of the future. DER applications can potentially provide benefits in electrical reliability and power quality, in addition to reducing total energy costs in combined cooling, heating and power (CHP) applications. However, the shift from a central generation paradigm to distributed generation results in different emissions characteristics and profiles from both a spatial and temporal perspective. Distributed generation is characterized by many sparsely distributed stationary sources within an urban air-shed compared to central generation where emissions sources are much larger, but typically located outside the air-shed in more remote locations. As a result, high market adoption of fuel-driven (non-renewable) distributed generation (DG) technologies, such as reciprocating engines and microturbines, may influence the air quality within a region. The present paper estimates air quality impacts for a representative distributed generation scenario in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) of California. Simulations are based on the year 2010 with comparison to a base case scenario with no DG emissions. The DG scenarios are developed for a reasonable percentage of power met by DG, representative spatial distribution and temporal operation, and a mix of DG technologies and emissions factors. The resultant emissions inventory for each DG scenario is then provided as input to a three-dimensional air quality model including detailed atmospheric chemistry and transport for simulation of the SoCAB. Preliminary air quality results suggest that there will be an air quality impact, that the impacts will not be uniform throughout the air-shed, and that individual criteria pollutant concentrations may either rise or fall with the introduction of DG.
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Landes, Scott, Trupti Suresh, Anamika Prasad, Todd Letcher, Paul Gradl, and David Ellis. "Investigation of Additive Manufactured GRCop-42 Alloy Developed by Directed Energy Deposition Methods." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24400.
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Abstract GRCop is an alloy family constructed of copper, chromium, and niobium and was developed by NASA for high heat flux applications. GRCop-alloys were specifically formulated for the requirements in channel-cooled main combustion chambers allowing for repeat use in high heat flux environments [1]. GRCop-84 was evolved using additive manufacturing techniques under a NASA development program. To further increase thermal conductivity while maintaining material strength characteristics, the percentage of alloying elements were cut in half and GRCop-42 was developed. In recent years, NASA has successfully additively manufactured GRCop-42 with comparable material characteristics to extruded GRCop-42 using a Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process. Benefits of this process include fabrication of intricate internal cooling channels as well as a decrease in manufacturing time. However, there are some large disadvantages in using this process. The nature of the powder bed process imposes a strict volume constraint as well as an excessive amount of material inventory required. A Directed Energy Deposition (DED) process addresses these limitations while also speeding up the manufacturing process. With little data on how DED performs with GRCop-42, an investigation into the mechanical properties was conducted. More specifically, Blown Powder Directed Energy Deposition (BPD), was used to compare material properties to that of the L-PBF manufactured GRCop-42. The DED manufactured material was found to have less than 0.1% porosity. Tensile tests concluded that the DED manufactured GRCop-42 had lower tensile strengths at room temperature. The results point towards a process capable of producing fully dense parts capable of meeting mechanical strength requirements with some possible refinement of printing parameters.
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Rusdiyanti, Yunita, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Bhisma Murti. "Implementation of Dual Health Asset Applications Developed by Ministry of Internal Affairs and Ministry of Health in Hospitals in Boyolali, Central Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.42.
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ABSTRACT Background: Information systems management and facility (SIMDA-BMD) and equipments maintenance management application (ASPAK) is a technology that was developed to support the achievement of health care. The study indicated that SIMDABMD and ASPAK in operationally and economically provide significant impact on the fund effectiveness, efficiency and time efficiency. The purpose of this study was to investigate the implementation of SIMDA-BMD and ASPAK. Subjects and Method: This was a descriptive qualitative study with case study approach. The study was conducted at 3 hospitals in Boyolali, Central Java. The key informants were treasurer of goods, treasurer of goods storage, head of planning and reporting, head of ASPAK, head of medical support and head of application of facilities, infrastructure and medical devices administration. The informants selected by purposive sampling. The data were analyzed by in-depth interview, participative observation, and document observation. The data were analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. Results: The implementation of health assets at the Regional General Hospital in Boyolali Regency has a difference in the grouping of the final results with the SIMDABMD based on the inventory card and the total asset value and ASPAK, based on the percentage of efforts to fulfill the standards according to the hospital class. Conclusion: The implementation of the SIMDA-BMD and ASPEK asset applications complement each other so that quality management is needed to reduce referral number. Keywords: asset implementation, information systems management and facility, equipments maintenance management application Correspondence: Yunita Rusdiyanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: y_rusdiyanti@yahoo.com. Mobile: 08122981365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.42
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Galatro, Daniela. "Considerations for Gas Pipeline Blowdown." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64210.
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Blowdown is a planned or unplanned release of pressurized natural gas from stations, equipment (vessels) or pipelines. In high pressure pipelines, the blowdown leads to low temperatures within the fluid and high vent rates due to larger gas inventory volumes. Blowdown is a hazardous operation, and for this reason several methods have been proposed to improve the accuracy in the estimation of the blowdown rate and the blowdown time in pipelines. In general, these approaches include either physical volume or pipe models with numerical and analytical methods of solution. For instance, a very simple approach for the estimation of the blowdown time is presented by American Gas Association (AGA); this approach can be used a as first-approximation to verify the size of the blowdown stack/valve. Another well-known simple method to predict gas-line blowdown times was presented by Weiss, Botros and Jungowski (WBJ) (1988); this method involves the application of correction factors that regards the pipeline as a volume. However, due to the transient nature of the blowdown and the proven accuracy of their formulation, in recent years transient simulations have been performed using commercial simulation software. This work compares simplified approaches and an acknowledged transient method integrating significant effects of fluid mechanics (quasi-steady flow for one phase), heat and mass transfer and rigorous thermodynamics. This transient method is extensively used by process design engineers since it is included as a calculation tool or utility in commercial simulation software. Experimental data taken from acknowledged literature allows estimating the level of accuracy of these approaches. Due to the complexity and sometimes non-availability of the transient models included in commercial simulation software, a novel and innovative simplified hybrid approach is presented in this work. This approach includes novel and improved correlations as well as numerical solutions of a physical model that can be easily translated into a computational code or sequentially structured in a spreadsheet. This method allows for estimating relevant variables associated to the pressure – time computation and the optimal sizing of blowdown stack/valves in gas pipelines, based on recommended gas blowdown times; these times were estimated considering a balance between the maximum permissible blowdown duration and the minimum wall and fluid temperatures that can safely be contained in the pipeline. Finally, comparisons between the results obtained by using commercial software and the novel approach are presented, showing a fair level of accuracy of this method (7.6 % maximum error percentage) considering its simplicity with regard to the transient modelling.
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Carroll, Ernest A., and Dan B. Rathbone. "Using an Unmanned Airborne Data Acquisition System (ADAS) for Traffic Surveillance, Monitoring, and Management." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32916.
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This paper presents the history of and current status of a U.S. DOT and NASA sponsored program designed to demonstrate the feasibility of using a small-unmanned airborne data acquisition system (ADAS) for traffic surveillance, monitoring, and management. ADAS is ideally suited for application in monitoring traffic flow, traffic congestion, and supporting ITS assets. GeoData Systems (GDS), Inc., with principal offices at 10565 Lee Highway, Suite 100, Fairfax, VA 22030 has developed a revolutionary new class of airborne data acquisition systems. In this effort, GDS has teamed with traffic experts DBR & Associates; P.O. Box 12300 Burke, VA. The GDS ADAS has a gross takeoff weight of less than 55 lbs, which includes both the airframe and sensors. It is capable of sustained flight for periods in excess of two hours while carrying a sensor payload of up to 20 lbs. ADAS has nine interchangeable sensor platforms under development to include a hyper-spectral visible-near-IR sensor, a multi-spectral visible near-IR mid-IR sensor, a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensor, and a highly flexible high-resolution real-time video sensor. The GDS high-resolution real-time video sensor is ideally suited for traffic monitoring and other highway monitoring applications. The ADAS platform is capable of flying under a combination of pre-programmed Differential Global Positioning Satellite (DGPS) based navigation and manual direct ground control. The ADAS is being fully tested and is planned for use in several DOD base-monitoring studies this year. It should be noted that the ADAS has several levels of backup systems, which allows for a safe descent to the ground via parachute in a worst-case scenario. The system and any liability resulting from its use are fully insured by a major provider. The use of ADAS in traffic surveillance, monitoring, and management is unique and, as far as can be ascertained, has not been used in an official capacity in this way. Because of its ability to collect traffic data, survey traffic conditions, and collect highway inventory and environmental data in a cost-effective manner, and because every metropolitan area needs to collect at least some traffic data, the potential payoff from applying the ADAS is significant. The estimated potential payoff resulting from the use of the ADAS was calculated by taking into consideration information from a recent study conducted for the Federal Highway Administration by the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center1. Using a reported average amount of funds expended annually for traffic data collection by transportation agencies in metropolitan areas with a population of over 200,000 and taking into consideration the estimated budget for staff involved in data collection, it is calculated that transportation agencies in an average metropolitan area spend approximately $5 million per year in traffic data collection. The ADAS can play a cost-saving role in about half of all data collection procedures and can reduce the total cost by 20 percent. Nationally, this could produce an annual savings of $75 million. An additional area where the ADAS can play a useful role is in incident management. It is well documented that more than half of the traffic congestion in the U.S. is caused by incidents, and the problem is getting worse: The percentage of congestion due to incidents is estimated to increase to 70 percent by the year 20053. The Federal Highway Administration further estimates that incident-related traffic congestion will cost the U.S. more than $75 billion in the year 2005, mainly due to lost time and wasted fuel. Comprehensive, accurate surveillance of major incidents will result in a more effective overall response. It can facilitate the process of completing police documentation of incidents, which further reduce their duration. A recent study4 showed that a 23-minute reduction in average incident duration in the Atlanta area saved $45 million in one year. The ADAS is able to provide real time overhead video feeds of an incident and the surrounding traffic situation. In addition, the ADAS can record the incident on video, capturing especially those incidents that are not within the visibility range of any CCTV system, therefore reducing the recording burden of police officers. The valuable role that airborne real-time video can play has been recognized by transportation agencies: The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has commented enthusiastically on this approach: “…VDOT definitely supports the use of an Unmanned Airborne Sensor for traffic management during a highway incident.” In addition, the Director of the Center for Advanced Transportation Technology of the University of Maryland also has responded positively, writing that, “A project which evaluates the effectiveness of an unmanned airborne data acquisition system in monitoring traffic flow seems to be a step in the right direction toward identifying appropriate and cost-effective remote sensing applications.” Further, in a recent study conducted by the Virginia Transportation Research Council in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration, researchers concluded that: “the air video reduces the time and personnel needed to acquire data from the field. Further, aerial video may facilitate an objective evaluation of a jurisdiction’s incident response procedures. Finally, aerial video may allow a transportation agency to adopt a proactive approach to traffic management by identifying and evaluating potential problems before they occur. Specifically, problems include the use of residential neighborhoods to bypass congested arterials and heavily used facilities needing snow removal.” Our project is demonstrating how the ADAS can be used in traffic surveillance monitoring and management. The study team is using input from transportation agencies at the state and local level to fine-tune the design of the ADAS application and the analysis and evaluation of the results. Areas where the ADAS can be applied effectively and efficiently are being identified. When completed, the end product of this effort will be a document that will indicate when it is cost-effective to use ADAS relative to other possible methods of data collection and analysis.
Reports on the topic "Inventory Percentage"
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Anderson, Andrew, and Mark Yacucci. Inventory and Statistical Characterization of Inorganic Soil Constituents in Illinois: Appendices. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-007.
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This report presents detailed histograms of data from the Regulated Substances Library (RSL) developed by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT). RSL data are provided for state and IDOT region, IDOT district, and county spatial subsets to examine the spatial variability and its relationship to thresholds defining natural background concentrations. The RSL is comprised of surficial soil chemistry data obtained from rights-of-way (ROW) subsurface soil sampling conducted for routine preliminary site investigations. A selection of 22 inorganic soil analytes are examined in this report: Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, K, Se, Na, Tl, V, and Zn. RSL database summary statistics, mean, median, minimum, maximum, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile, are determined for Illinois counties and for recognized environmental concern, non-recognized environmental concern, and de minimis site contamination classifications.
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Anderson, Andrew, and Mark Yacucci. Inventory and Statistical Characterization of Inorganic Soil Constituents in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-006.
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This report presents a statistical analysis of the Regulated Substances Library (RSL) developed by the Illinois Department of Transportation. The RSL is comprised of surficial soil chemistry data obtained from rights-of-way subsurface soil sampling conducted for routine preliminary site investigations. The 3.7-million-record RSL database is compared with four independent studies of inorganic soil constituents of naturally occurring soils in Illinois. A selection of 22 inorganic soil analytes are examined in this study: Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, K, Se, Na, Tl, V, and Zn. RSL database summary statistics, mean, median, minimum, maximum, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile, are determined for Illinois counties and for recognized environmental concern, non-recognized environmental concern, and de minimis site contamination classifications. The RSL database at a 95% confidence level is compared with current and proposed thresholds for defining naturally occurring soil concentrations for the selected analytes. The revised thresholds proposed by Cahill in 2017 are predominantly larger than the current standards found in the Tiered Approach to Corrective Action Objectives rules and are in better agreement with observed distributions of soil concentrations for both naturally occurring and RSL soils. A notable exception is antimony (Sb), for which Cahill proposed a reduced threshold similar in magnitude to the median for many Illinois Department of Transportation districts.
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Ruiz, Pablo, Craig Perry, Alejando Garcia, et al. The Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve vegetation mapping project: Interim report—Northwest Coastal Everglades (Region 4), Everglades National Park (revised with costs). National Park Service, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279586.
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The Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve vegetation mapping project is part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP). It is a cooperative effort between the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and the National Park Service’s (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program (VMI). The goal of this project is to produce a spatially and thematically accurate vegetation map of Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve prior to the completion of restoration efforts associated with CERP. This spatial product will serve as a record of baseline vegetation conditions for the purpose of: (1) documenting changes to the spatial extent, pattern, and proportion of plant communities within these two federally-managed units as they respond to hydrologic modifications resulting from the implementation of the CERP; and (2) providing vegetation and land-cover information to NPS park managers and scientists for use in park management, resource management, research, and monitoring. This mapping project covers an area of approximately 7,400 square kilometers (1.84 million acres [ac]) and consists of seven mapping regions: four regions in Everglades National Park, Regions 1–4, and three in Big Cypress National Preserve, Regions 5–7. The report focuses on the mapping effort associated with the Northwest Coastal Everglades (NWCE), Region 4 , in Everglades National Park. The NWCE encompasses a total area of 1,278 square kilometers (493.7 square miles [sq mi], or 315,955 ac) and is geographically located to the south of Big Cypress National Preserve, west of Shark River Slough (Region 1), and north of the Southwest Coastal Everglades (Region 3). Photo-interpretation was performed by superimposing a 50 × 50-meter (164 × 164-feet [ft] or 0.25 hectare [0.61 ac]) grid cell vector matrix over stereoscopic, 30 centimeters (11.8 inches) spatial resolution, color-infrared aerial imagery on a digital photogrammetric workstation. Photo-interpreters identified the dominant community in each cell by applying majority-rule algorithms, recognizing community-specific spectral signatures, and referencing an extensive ground-truth database. The dominant vegetation community within each grid cell was classified using a hierarchical classification system developed specifically for this project. Additionally, photo-interpreters categorized the absolute cover of cattail (Typha sp.) and any invasive species detected as either: Sparse (10–49%), Dominant (50–89%), or Monotypic (90–100%). A total of 178 thematic classes were used to map the NWCE. The most common vegetation classes are Mixed Mangrove Forest-Mixed and Transitional Bayhead Shrubland. These two communities accounted for about 10%, each, of the mapping area. Other notable classes include Short Sawgrass Marsh-Dense (8.1% of the map area), Mixed Graminoid Freshwater Marsh (4.7% of the map area), and Black Mangrove Forest (4.5% of the map area). The NWCE vegetation map has a thematic class accuracy of 88.4% with a lower 90th Percentile Confidence Interval of 84.5%.