Academic literature on the topic 'Inventory turns'
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Journal articles on the topic "Inventory turns"
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Kapur, Rajiv, and Chris Moberg. "Evaluating inventory turns for a hospital environment." Computers & Industrial Engineering 13, no. 1-4 (January 1987): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-8352(87)90054-4.
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Hanifah, Yulia Ayu, and Darno Darno. "Effects of Cash, Receivables, and Inventory Turns on the Profitability of Pharmaceutical Companies." Neraca : Jurnal Akuntansi Terapan 1, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/neraca.v1i2.859.
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Competition in the business world makes each company increasingly able to improve its performance in order to achieve the company's goals to get the maximum profit so that the company is able to develop and compete with other companies. In this era of globalization, the emergence of new competitors in various industrial sectors of the company can make competition in business from the last few years very tight. So that requires each company to implement a management system in accordance with procedures in order to develop and run their businesses effectively. Theories that will be explained in this research are about Return on assets and Return On equity, and Net profit margin and also Company Value. This study used a non-experimental research type. Non-experimental research is a part of research in which observations can be carried out on a number of variables contained in the research subject reviewed according to the actual conditions without manipulation of data processed by the researcher. Because in this study the actual data used from the financial statements of pharmaceutical companies contained on the Stock Exchange regarding receivables turnover, as well as cash turnover as well as inventory turnover on profitability (Y). Receivables turnover, cash turnover and inventory turnover on a continuous and positive and significant effect on the profitability of pharmaceutical companies, especially those on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2017. The results obtained after testing the hypothesis using the F-test and obtained a significant value <0.05. Where these results indicate there is a significant influence, so the hypothesis is very acceptable and proven true.
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Bils, Mark, and James A. Kahn. "What Inventory Behavior Tells Us About Business Cycles." American Economic Review 90, no. 3 (June 1, 2000): 458–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.90.3.458.
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The countercyclical pattern of inventory-sales ratios is a striking feature of inventory behavior. In a model where inventories are productive for sales, both the markup of price over marginal cost and expected changes in marginal cost are key determinants of that ratio. This paper argues that costly variation in factor utilization gives rise to countercyclical markups in production-to-stock manufacturing industries. The markup turns out to be more important than intertemporal substitution in explaining the behavior of inventory-sales ratios. (JEL E22, E32)
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Nallusamy, S. "Overall Performance Improvement of an Small Scale Venture Using Critical Key Performance Indicators." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 27 (December 2016): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.27.158.
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Inventory theory and supply chain management have become important to small businesses in order to improve an organization’s competitive strength and survival. The rapid growth of small businesses of late has seen them to face a challenge in managing their inventory effectively and efficiently. A study was carried out in F.E. (Private) limited a pioneer in distribution of electrical equipments based in Chennai, whose two major challenges were, stock-out and excess stock due to uncertainty in demand. The organization wanted to develop its performance and overall efficiency by considering a change in the inventory policy. The main aim of this research is to attain operational excellence through inventory management and measure its effectiveness using critical key performance indicators. A new inventory policy was developed to improve the inventory turns and measure its performance after implementing the new inventory policy. The results revealed that the implementation of new inventory policy helped to save over Rs. 2.25 lakhs per month in terms of total inventory carrying cost to the selected organization.
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Martin, W., and R. E. Stanford. "A methodology for estimating the maximum profitable turns for an ABC inventory classification system." IMA Journal of Management Mathematics 18, no. 3 (November 24, 2006): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imaman/dpl013.
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Setiawan, Ferry, and Nofrisel Nofrisel. "PERSPEKTIF SIKLUS HIDUP PERUSAHAAN DALAM HUBUNGAN ANTARA INVENTORI DAN KINERJA FINANSIAL." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 20, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ekobis.20.1.40-61.
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Research regarding the relationship between inventory management and financial performanceis so far inconclusive: some found it to be positive, others found it to be negative. One ofthe many factors that influence the variance, the organizational life cycle, will be exploredin this research. Organizational life cycle might influence the relationship between inventorymanagement and financial perfomance due to the different strategies and designs pursuedby the organizations along each of their life cycle stages. This study use a sample set of 33manufacturing companies listed in BEI, with 7 years observation period. A regression analysisis performed with dummy variables of organizational life cycle, resulting from a cluster analysiswith k-mean method. Regression analysis and cluster analysis are all done with Stata. Theresult shows that the relationship between inventory and financial performance is positive inthe early growth stage of organization life cycle and turns to negative at late growth stage. Therelationship is inconclusive at the conception and stability stage of organizational life cycle.Therefore, we can conclude that in making decisions about inventory, firms should considerwhat stage of organizational life cycle they are currently in so that the decisions made canimpact the financial performance positively.Keywords: Organizational Life Cycle, Financial Performance, Inventory Management
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Xi, Jia, and Ping Ba Sha. "Research on Optimization of Inventory Management Based on Demand Forecasting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 4828–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.4828.
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Demand forecasting is the basis of the inventory management. Aiming at the problem of subjective forecasting method, we use quadratic exponential smoothing method to establish the mathematical model, to forecast sales volume of product A in every month in 2013. And based on demand forecasting, we put forward ABC classification management method to solve the inventory management issues. The research result of this paper has important implications in improving the inventory management level for many enterprises.Demand Forecasting and Inventory ManagementInventory management is an important part of enterprise management, and it directly affects the business situation of enterprises. A reasonable inventory can significantly enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises; too much or too little inventory settings would have a bad impact on the business, and some company even bog down because of inventory problems companies bogged down because of inventory problems [1-2]. To do inventory management, what should we do in the first step. The answer is demand forecast. When business scale reaches a certain level, it would need strict, systematic demand forecasting. The more accurate the demand forecasting is, the more accurate inventory planning would be, and more favorable for business enterprises.Few companies are able to be completely in accordance with the order production, and the vast majority of businesses are not waiting for orders after arrival, then determine how much raw material and manpower needed, and how to arrange production. Because it often takes a long production cycle, and no one is willing to wait a month to buy a bag of washing powder. Successful companies always make accurate predictions for product demand, and then put into production according to forecasting [3]. Due to their more accurate predictions, they can often carry out a reasonable plan and inventory management. Inventory forecasting, its essence is demand forecasting [4]. Demand forecasting provides important information for inventory management such as inventory amount, lead time, inventory turns. Demand forecasting is based on research and statistics, to make a scientific and reasonable inference for product demand. Product demand generally is within a certain period, certain market range, the number of consumers’ demand for a product. Demand forecasting results can help companies determine the amount of raw material inventory and products, and provide enterprise continuous production of raw materials needed, save liquidity and reduce inventory costs, improving the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises.Product Demand Forecasting Model
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Blankley, Alan I., Moutaz Khouja, and Casper E. Wiggins. "AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECT OF FULL-SCALE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE ADOPTIONS ON INVENTORY BALANCES AND TURNS." Journal of Business Logistics 29, no. 1 (March 2008): 201–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2008.tb00075.x.
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Sáinz Bernat, Norberto, Frederik Schulte, Stefan Voß, and Jürgen Böse. "Empty Container Management at Ports Considering Pollution, Repair Options, and Street-Turns." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3847163.
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International trade imbalances make the management of empty containers within shipping networks an important economic and ecological problem. While import-dominated ports accumulate large amounts of empty containers, export-dominated ports need them as transport resources, requiring a repositioning transportation of empty containers on the sea and land side. Acknowledging the importance of the problem, plenty of respective literature has appeared. Since periodic review inventory management systems allow to model the inherent stochasticity of empty container transportation, they have emerged as a major solution approach in the domain. Nevertheless, existing approaches often omit crucial economic and ecological real world conditions determining the success of empty container management. Pollution, repair options, and street-turns are important aspects in this context. In this work, we present new stochastic review policies incorporating a realistic allocation scheme for empty container emissions, realistic maintenance, and repair options as well as street-turns. We analyze the optimality of the proposed polices and evaluate them in a simulation model with metaheuristic parameter search based on extensive real-world data from a major global shipping company operating in Latin America. Results provide insights for academics and practitioners about the economic and ecological impact of the distinct empty container management polices within a shipping network.
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Sharma, Sanjay, and Akshat Sisodia. "Comparative multi criteria analysis and dependent optimisation through integrated supply chain." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 63, no. 8 (November 4, 2014): 1046–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-09-2013-0164.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare various inventory policies and their effect on various performance metrics at different levels of a multi stage supply chain. Later the model is integrated to include optimization of entire supply chain through implementation of collaborative supply chain model. Design/methodology/approach – Alternative inventory policies have been developed at different echelons and a comparison reflecting the usability on various factors such as inventory level, inventory cost and service level is presented so as to support the decision-making process. Various inventory policies such as economic order quantity, periodic ordering (T, M) and stock to demand have been considered. Along with the basic assumptions; lead time, demand variability, variability in demand during lead time, stock out costs have also been included to make the model more applicable to practical situations. Findings – After the selection of most appropriate inventory policy at each level through a decision matrix, the total cost of operating such a supply chain is calculated along with other parameters such as service level and inventory turns. The approach is of aggregating the optimized value at each echelon referred to as aggregated supply chain in the paper. Then the concept of integrated supply chain is introduced which optimizes the supply chain as a whole, rather than aggregating local optima. The comparison is made between the two approaches that prove the integrated supply chain's superiority. Furthermore, dependent optimization is run as it is not practically possible for each echelon to optimize at the same time. Originality/value – Each echelon is allowed to optimize at a time and other echelons assume corresponding values. This final comparative multi criterion analysis is based on the three factors, i.e. inventory cost, customer service level and inventory turnover with different weights assigned to each factor at different levels of a supply chain. Finally a consolidation of results is made to reflect the overall preference which proves that an integrated supply chain best serves all the parameters combined together.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inventory turns"
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Jones, Louis G. "The Sustainability of Lean Manufacturing as a Competitive Advantage." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3732.
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Since the early 1990s lean manufacturing has been employed by companies looking to reduce costs, increase efficiencies and improve quality. Academic studies of the financial benefits of lean manufacturing are mixed in their results, where some show benefit and others do not. The objective of the current work was to confirm a financial benefit of lean manufacturing, while also establishing whether such a financial advantage was sustainable. Financial data was collected for a large number of companies in the manufacturing sector, over the period from 1990 to 2010. The data were used to show correlation between inventory turns and return on assets (ROA), where turns were a measure of the leanness of a firm or an industry. A positive correlation between turns and ROA showed evidence of financial benefit from lean implementation, confirming previous results from a smaller-scale study. It was then shown that about 45% of firms studied had a competitive advantage that could be attributed to their level of leanness. Firms with a competitive advantage were compared to peer companies and it was found that about 60% are able to sustain their competitive advantage for more than 10 years.
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Williams, Ryan Scott. "Lean Manufacturing as a Source of Competitive Advantage." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2333.
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The productivity advances generated from lean manufacturing are self-evident. Plants that adopt lean are more capable of achieving high levels of quality, shorter lead times, and less waste in the system. While it seems logical that higher levels of productivity and quality, as is common in lean companies, should result in positive financial performance, the research community has failed to establish the financial profitability of lean. Those researchers who have studied the financial returns issue report varying results. The goal of this research was to determine if a connection exists between lean and financial success and to discover why so many researchers are finding mixed results. Information Velocity (IV) was theorized to provide the solidifying link between lean and financial performance. Measured by combining the environmental volatility with a company's leanness, IV measures how fast a company can transmit information from the market into a customer-satisfying product in the hands of the consumer. This study analyzed over 530 publicly-traded manufacturing companies to validate the following hypotheses: 1) there is a positive relationship between leanness and financial returns, 2) there is a negative relationship between environmental volatility and financial returns, and 3) there is a positive relationship between IV and financial returns. Regression models were run in various combinations to determine the effect of lean, environmental instability, environmental unpredictability, and IV on financial performance indicators such as return on sales (ROS), return on assets (ROA), and quarter-closing stock price. The outcome of this study showed that financial rewards do result from lean, which positively affected financial performance in almost all scenarios. Environmental instability always negatively correlated with financial returns, and IV mostly shows a positive effect, but with mixed results. Lastly, IV does not explain why researchers find mixed results on the profitability measures of lean. The results of this thesis highlight the significance of implementing lean manufacturing, especially in a dynamic environment. As the instability in the environment increases, profitability decreases. Therefore, an increase in leanness by boosting inventory turns can compensate for the volatility and create enhanced productivity measures and financial results.
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Cavallini, Alessandro Giorgio. "Lean Six Sigma as a Source of Competitive Advantage." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2656.pdf.
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Ropiak, Michael J. "Statistical analysis of the Naval inventory control point repair turn-around time forecase model." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA381208.
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Sheng, Jong Tai, and 沈忠泰. "The Study of Increasing Inventory Turn for Spare Parts--A Case Study of Semiconductor Equipment Industry." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46625151434386148236.
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碩士國立交通大學
工業工程與管理學系
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The provisioning of expensive equipment and corresponding spares is the fundamental activity of suppliers in high-tech industry such as semiconductor manufacturing. The equipment is often critical to the manufacturing processes in wafer fabrication, and their unavailability may lead to excessive downtime cost. As a result, the procurement of reliable equipment and the provisioning quality of repairing service are important to semiconductor industry. Therefore, the service level of spares may affect the sales of equipment and it is one of the most important performance indices for equipment supplier in this environment. Due to the high procurement cost, the inventory cost constitutes a large part of investment for equipment supplier. The increase of inventory turn will be an important mission as well. Therefore, how to increase inventory turn under a satisfied service level is a critical issue in this industry.This research proposes a decision support procedurles adjustment, safety stock determination for each parts, and reasonable lead time for each part to beat second-source competitors and to attract more demand are also discussed.
Books on the topic "Inventory turns"
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Connie, Roop, and Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), eds. Turn on the light, Thomas Edison! New York: Scholastic, 2003.
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Griffin, Gordon D. How to be a successful inventor: Turn your ideas into profit. New York: Wiley, 1991.
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Ekberg, Carl J., and Sharon K. Person. In Small Things Forgotten. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038976.003.0009.
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This chapter describes the daily lives of a broad spectrum of early St. Louis denizens—from the most humble to the most well-to-do—by focusing on their material possessions based on Charles-Joseph Labuxière's inventory. It begins with a snapshot of the lifestyle of Jean Comparios, a longtime French marine who was deployed to Louisiana early during the French and Indian War and posted up the Mississippi to Fort de Chartres, and Marguerite, a black female slave. It then turns to the material things owned by Pierre-François Brunot D'Inglebert Lefebvre Desruisseau and his wife Marguerite La Ferne; Louis Deshêtres and the Deshêtres family; and Jean-Baptiste Hervieux. The chapter discusses marriages, illnesses, and deaths of early St. Louis denizens as well as their material possessions such as houses, clothing, furniture, and household furnishings.
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Scott, Ricardo A. Thy Kingdom Come - White Man: When the Invention Turns Against the Inventor. Cornerstone Productions, Inc., 1995.
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Statistical Analysis of the Naval Inventory Control Point Repair Turn- Around Time Forecast Model. Storming Media, 2000.
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Monosoff, Tamara. The Mom Inventors Handbook: How to Turn Your Great Idea into the Next Big Thing. McGraw-Hill, 2005.
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Monosoff, Tamara. The Mom Inventors Handbook: How to Turn Your Great Idea into the Next Big Thing. McGraw-Hill, 2005.
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The mom inventors handbook: How to turn your great idea into the next big thing. 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Inventory turns"
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Goldratt, Eliyahu M., and Robert E. Fox. "Inventory Turns Measure Performance." In The Race, 12–13. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429333705-7.
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Goldratt, Eliyahu M., and Robert E. Fox. "High Inventory Turns Aren’t Cost Justified." In The Race, 26–27. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429333705-14.
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Saravanan, Anbalagan. "Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Supply Chain Management." In Global Supply Chains in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 206–27. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5921-4.ch009.
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The pharmaceutical industry quite broadly encompasses a large and varied number of logistics and supply chain activities. The industry, as a whole, relies on some standard benchmarking indicators such as months of on-hand inventory and inventory turns; however, the existing metrics do not allow for idiosyncrasies of the industry or provide adequately detailed insight into the key factors that make a pharmaceutical supply chain excellence. Over 75% of the markup on pharmaceutical products takes place at the manufacturer. This causes inventory-carrying costs to increase dramatically once the distribution segments of the supply chain purchase the product. Wholesalers and large pharmacy chains suffer high carrying costs on the final product. Inside pharmaceutical supply chains, companies must also face issues of product expiration and limited shelf lives. Seasonal and short shelf life products such as flu vaccines leave companies without the opportunity to redistribute or reallocate product in order to meet demand.
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Vélez, Karin. "Counters, Namers, and Processers." In The Miraculous Flying House of Loreto, 192–230. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691174006.003.0007.
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Agostinho de Santa Maria (1642–1728), a Descalced Augustinian friar from Portugal, spent the last three decades of his life taking inventory of sites dedicated to Mary. Jesuits such as Wilhelm Gumppenberg, Francisco de Florencia, and António Cordeiro also produced encyclopedic compilations of Marian sanctuaries across the world. Their projects suggest that mission names counted in the early modern period because they were actually counted. This chapter begins with counters including the Santa Maria, Gumppenberg, de Florencia, and Cordeiro. This assortment of atlas makers, inventory compilers, and biographers shows the diversity and quantity of individuals engaged in the counting project of the seventeenth century. It was these counters who fixed and publicized the notion that the spread of Loreto was collective and intentional. The chapter then turns to some of the namers featured by the above writers. Finally, it examines Jesuit records that point to the Inka of Cuzco and the Monquí of California, whose processions in honor of Loreto brought the name currency and freshness.
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"Now It Is Your Turn!" In Inventory Optimization, 260. De Gruyter, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110673944-014.
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Hirschman, Albert O. "A Generalized Linkage Approach to Development, with Special Reference to Staples." In The Essential Hirschman. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691159904.003.0007.
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This chapter turns to Hirschman's “linkage effects”—the means through which growth sectors can change the rest of the economy. First proposed in his 1958 book, The Strategy of Economic Development, the concept of linkage effects in this chapter is applied to how primary exports, or “staples,” shape development. Refining what he calls “micro-Marxism”—to examine the local, smaller-scale fusions of technology and production that have larger-scale social effects—he lays out a complex inventory of linkage effects. Some are even more than just economic; they can be social and political as well. The result is the expansion of variables that can account for the varieties of pathways to capitalist development.
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Shaily, Shubhi, Srikaran Krishnan, Saisriram Natarajan, and Sasikumar P. "Smart Driver Monitoring System Using AI." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 225–50. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8018-9.ch013.
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This chapter provides a contemporary solution to driver drowsiness and fatigue detection on-board whilst the driver is driving the car. The mechanism provided is both non-intrusive relatively and involves the use of artificial intelligence networks. This would aid in providing accurate and desired results thereby avoiding damage generally caused due to negligence and imposters in vulnerable industries that involve massive manpower and inventory. The system created will work based on vehicle details received from the OBD-II and the camera mounted on the dashboard to monitor the driver. As the driver enters the car, he initiates the authentication process when he turns the ignition knob or presses the start stop button in an attempt to start the car, and the on-board camera is turned on. Such efficient management could save the responsible company damages caused and the subsequent dent in their capital.
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Pratapwar, Sandeep Subhashrao. "Supply Chain Hub and Spoke Model for Convenience Stores." In Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science, 39–54. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9894-9.ch003.
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As grocery retailers have limited profit margin, the players in the industry are constantly looking for cost effective supply chain model for increasing profit margins. Any convenience store should have assortment which is more suitable for the local target customers but the company might receive the inventory from multiple sources. In this chapter we have proposed a new way to handle the supply chain for the convenience store, that is, Hub and Spoke model between Hypermarket/Supermarket/Supercenter and Convenience store. In this model Spoke (Convenience Store) receives all inventory from single source, that is, Hub (Hypermarket/Supermarket/Supercenter), hence there is a significant reduction in the logistics cost. This will allow the retailer to be more focused on customer service which in turn will make more loyalists for the store.
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Pratapwar, Sandeep Subhashrao. "Supply Chain Hub and Spoke Model for Convenience Stores." In Supply Chain and Logistics Management, 617–33. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0945-6.ch029.
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As grocery retailers have limited profit margin, the players in the industry are constantly looking for cost effective supply chain model for increasing profit margins. Any convenience store should have assortment which is more suitable for the local target customers but the company might receive the inventory from multiple sources. In this chapter we have proposed a new way to handle the supply chain for the convenience store, that is, Hub and Spoke model between Hypermarket/Supermarket/Supercenter and Convenience store. In this model Spoke (Convenience Store) receives all inventory from single source, that is, Hub (Hypermarket/Supermarket/Supercenter), hence there is a significant reduction in the logistics cost. This will allow the retailer to be more focused on customer service which in turn will make more loyalists for the store.
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Bomhard, Allan R. "A comparative approach to the consonant inventory of the Transeurasian languages." In The Oxford Guide to the Transeurasian Languages, 469–85. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804628.003.0029.
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The purpose of this chapter is to examine the consonant inventories of the Transeurasian languages from a comparative perspective. The chapter begins with a discussion of the reconstruction of the consonant inventory of Proto-Transeurasian, the hypothetical proto-language from which the Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, Koreanic, and Japonic languages are descended. Two competing reconstructions for the Proto-Transeurasian consonant system are evaluated, namely one that posits a two-way voicing contrast in the series of stops and affricates and one that posits a three-way contrast. Thereafter, the individual branches are considered in turn. The chapter ends with a discussion of root-structure patterning in Proto-Transeurasian.
Conference papers on the topic "Inventory turns"
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Ricker, Jim. "Manufacturing Execution System = “Empowerment”." In ASME 2001 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec2001-4703.
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Today’s e-Commerce systems are applying pressure on the manufacturing industry. Shorter lead times, smaller production runs, just-in-time inventory and build-to-order are all manufacturing operations’ nightmares. Worse, with ERP, CRM, APS and SCM, each application provides significant content but it is very difficult to make them all work together. The Manufacturing Execution System is the glue that turns all the pieces of the puzzle into one solid solution. Manufacturing Execution System accomplishes this by becoming the source of real-time production/fulfillment data and the central data source. Manufacturing Execution System applications effectively fall into the following areas: _ Enterprise system integration _ Production tracking w/genealogy _ Real-time Inventory Management _ Manufacturing operations management * (ERP - enterprise resource management, CRM - customer relationship management, APS - advanced planning and scheduling, SCM - supply chain management). Paper published with permission.
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Gao, Lijun, Hua Pang, Bingde Chen, Shengyao Jiang, Jiyang Yu, and Zhong Xiao. "Probability Analysis of the Fuel Microsphere Distribution of Dispersion-Type Nuclear Fuel Plates." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54154.
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The mechanism of microsphere interconnection through cracks, which is observed in post-irradiation examination of dispersion-type fuel plates for research reactor use and is responsible for blistering, is analyzed. The accumulation of fission gas with burnup and the resulting increase of gas pressure cause the metal matrix to crack and the fuel plate to blister. Based on the experimental observation, a small cylinder in the fuel mini-plate is chosen as the simulation volume. Assuming the diameter of fuel microspheres is identical and in normal distribution separately and the position of fuel microspheres is in uniform random distribution in the matrix, the distribution of fuel volume fraction in the cylinder of the mini-plate is simulated using Monte Carlo method. The analysis shows that the distribution of the fuel volume fraction is in good agreement with the normal distribution. Mini-plates with different fuel volume fractions are further calculated for comparison. The calculation for a full-size plate shows that as for the fuel volume fraction 0.21 and the inventory of reactor core the existence of cylinders with a fuel volume fraction which is susceptible to blistering turns out a possible threat to the fuel reliability. Probability analysis proves to be an effective technique for the quantitative characterization of dispersions.
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Wettstein, Hans E. "Semi-Closed Recuperated Cycle With Wet Compression." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63375.
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The semi-closed recuperated cycle (SCRC) has been suggested earlier by the author in several versions. The best of them used two compressors with one intercooling stage each. In this paper the intercooled main compressor has been replaced by a compressor with high fogging and no intercooling anymore. It is assumed that the system and the main compressor have its design points in the middle of the intended fogging water injection range. This turns out to allow another thermal efficiency gain by 2 to 3 percent points to clearly above 60% also combined with increased specific power related to the consumed combustion air and with no bottoming cycle. This paper demonstrates the technical feasibility based on Turbomachinery technologies, which have already proven commercial viability. The thermodynamic assumptions have been derived from existing gas turbine (GT) technology and are used within already confirmed operating ranges. With the same firing temperature also the thermal efficiency level of current Combined Cycles (GTCC) can be achieved. A special feature of the SCRC is the opportunity for inventory control of part load operation. This means that part load operation can be made by pressure reduction instead of temperature reduction as in open gas turbines. Thermal transients leading to hot part life consumption can therefore be avoided to a large extent and the combustor can operate at nearly constant temperature also at low part load with corresponding low emissions. Low part load operation achieves the same efficiency as base load. The result is more flexibility than in current GTCC technology associated with less complexity due to the needlessness of an extra bottoming cycle. Realizing this type of cycle aiming at its best efficiency potential however needs the development capability of a highly skilled gas turbine manufacturer. But it could also be developed for a lower efficiency range by using existing components with conservative data. The SCRC concept could also be aimed at combined heat and power applications or at naval propulsion by replacing CODOG’s. Due to its specific features the SCRC in general or with wet compression could be developed in the micro turbine power output size as well as up to above 1000MW single block size. Its inherent water condensation at elevated pressure makes an external source of make-up water obsolete.
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Kaķis, Roberts, Dagnija Blumberga, and Ģirts Vīgants. "Guidlines for Inventors “From Idea to Product”." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.695.
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The article deals with the problem facing Latvian inventors in how to develop the idea to a real product. There are often cases where innovative ideas “migrate” from original inventors to other inventors, when they turn to them to seek support for developing and supporting the idea. The main components of the guidelines are the establishment of a patent application and, in general, a description of the entire patent acquisition process and the creation of a life cycle analysis using the SimaPro software. The article is intended primarily for the development of environmentally friendly inventions, which is why the life cycle analysis is one of the main components of the article, to make it possible to conclude whether the production and use of the new product will not result in a higher “ecological footprint” than previously used technologies, paying particular attention to the inventor stage in order to accurately develop a life-cycle analysis. The article does not only explore the necessary theoretical knowledge of the realisation of the idea to the product, but also looks at the pilot case, a practical example of an innovative “dust co-firing burner” compared to the conventional natural gas burner. The life-cycle analysis compares the following steps: manufacture of plants, transportation of plants and special emphasis on the combustion phase of fuels, three scenarios are examined: a natural gas burner burning natural gas, a dust burner in which natural gas is co-incinerated and fine wood particles − dust and a dust burner burning. biomethane and wood dust. The use of such an installation would not only reduce emissions from the replacement of natural gas by wood dust, but also allow energy companies to work more effectively, as it would be possible to regulate the proportion of different fuels depending on demand, because the fuels have different heat of combustion. The article establishes a methodology to analyse the quality and implementation of inventions in response to the following key questions: − how to identify original ideas and how to protect authors from the migration of ideas; − how to collect and analyse the risks associated with migration of ideas; − how to use life cycle analysis for the assessment of the “ecological footprint” of the invention.
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Abarca, Andrés, and Ricardo Monteiro. "Development of An Exposure Model for Bridge Structures in Northern Algeria." In IABSE Conference, Copenhagen 2018: Engineering the Past, to Meet the Needs of the Future. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/copenhagen.2018.146.
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In recent years, the use of large scale seismic risk assessment has become increasingly popular to evaluate the fragility of a specific region to an earthquake event, through the convolution of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. These studies tend to focus on the building stock of the region and sometimes neglect the evaluation of the infrastructure, which has great importance when determining the ability of a social group to attend to a disaster and to eventually resume normal activities. This study, developed within the scope of the EU-funded project ITERATE (Improved Tools for Disaster Risk Mitigation in Algeria), focuses on the proposal of an exposure model for bridge structures in Northern Algeria. The proposed model was developed using existing national data surveys, as well as satellite information and field observations. As a result, the location and detailed characterization of a significant share of the Algeria roadway bridge inventory was developed, as well as the definition of a taxonomy that is able to classify the most common structural systems used in Algerian bridge construction. The outcome of this study serves as input to estimate the fragility of the bridge infrastructure inventory and, furthermore, to the overall risk assessment of the Northern Algerian region. Such fragility model will, in turn, enable the evaluation of earthquake scenarios at a regional scale and provide valuable information to decision makers for the implementation of risk mitigation measures.
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Nurmet, Maire, Katrin Lemsalu, and Juri Lehtsaar. "Working capital in Estonian agricultural companies: analysis by size." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.050.
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The paper examines the working capital indicators to find out the differences between larger and smaller Estonian agricultural companies. In the task of working capital management, a balance between profitability and liquidity is under investigation. A higher level of current assets ensures higher liquidity, but reduces the profitability. The share of inventories in current assets is relatively high in agricultural companies, and can lead to liquidity problems in adverse circumstances. Low levels of current assets can lead to business interruptions, as insufficient stocks lead to delays in the production process, which in turn is amplified in yields or other outputs. The number of employees is used to distinguish the size of the company. The results show that the smallest agricultural companies have higher liquidity and relatively larger share of highly liquid current assets. Larger agricultural companies maintain a higher level of inventory and have a longer inventory turnover period. Smaller companies have a slightly higher share of loans in current liabilities, so they have to maintain a larger financial buffer. The cash conversion cycle is longer for the smallest and the largest agricultural companies while medium-sized companies have a shorter cash conversion cycle. Smaller companies have the longest receivables turnover, showing that they enable longer payment periods for buyers or may have difficulties collecting receivables from the production sold. Having low market power and long receivables turnover, they have relatively higher need for working capital.
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Rajamani, Ravi, Jihua Wang, and Ki-Young Jeong. "Condition-Based Maintenance for Aircraft Engines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-54127.
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In this paper we describe how a condition-based maintenance (CBM) system might be operated for operators of assets such as aircraft engines. We show that merely having a monitoring and diagnostics system in place is not enough to derive the full, or even the majority of the, benefit from CBM. Our investigations show that to maximize the benefits from CBM for the enterprise, it is as important to focus on the aftermarket supply chain — i.e. the back-end of the process — as it is to develop better data gathering, diagnostics, and prognostics techniques. Via simulation, we show that optimizing the value chain results in lower costs and turn around times, and higher asset availability, spare part availability, and fill rates. For individual equipment operators the benefits could be substantial, depending on the size of their fleets and nature of their equipment usage. Providers of maintenance services, increasingly the original equipment manufacturers, stand to gain as well. As the demands on the aftermarket supply chain become more predictable, they can service the same asset base with lower spares inventory, while meeting increasingly aggressive turn-around-time targets, thus improving the bottom line and customer satisfaction.
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Wesołowski, Mariusz, Krzysztof Blacha, and Piotr Barszcz. "Multi-Criteria Analysis in Assessment of the Degree of Degradation Pavement Elements Functional Airports Made of Cement Concrete." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.125.
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An important factor that affects the safety of flight operations is the proper management of airports, which should be based on the obtained in systematic way information about the state of the surface of the functional elements. One of the characteristic quantities of the technical condition of airport indicator is the assessment of the degree of degradation. It should be noted that the degradation is a slow process extended in time and is the lowering of the properties of the structure by external influences, which in turn generates the changes in their structure. Rating degrade surface should be conducted periodically, which period shall be estimated on the basis of information obtained from the process of the operation of aircraft. Demotions surface is determined on the basis of the type and quantity survey found damage and made repairs. The basis for evaluating the degree of surface degradation is to obtain data from surveys conducted using the method of visual and inventory of them. Research by visual method, despite its apparent simplicity, it is difficult to implement. Qualification of damage or repairs to the appropriate group is often not clear, and therefore the inventory process is described in the documentation of quality management system. The multi-criteria analysis is a method of evaluating the weighted supporting estimating the degree of degradation airfield pavements based on data obtained through inspections performed. Its base is included in the determination of a number of criteria for the selection variant, taking into account different weights to each criterion. The value of the indicator characterizing the degree of surface degradation in relation to estimated criteria allows you to schedule the necessary resources needed to carry out repairs and rational planning of repairs.
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Han, Jianchun, Yan Zhou, Hui Li, and Qiliang Mei. "The Activation Sources of Reactor Internals During Decommissioning." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66430.
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As China’s first nuclear power plant connected to the grid, the first Qinshan nuclear power plant is approaching the decommissioning period. Other nuclear power plants also turn into the preparation phase of decommissioning in succession. In order to facilitate decommissioning, source survey is conducted during the pre-decommissioning phase, which can provide radioactive inventory, contamination distribution, species and quantities of nuclides. The internals of the reactor work under the most severe radiation environment. During the reactor operation, the materials of internals are irradiated by high-energy neutrons. So activated nuclides are generated due to the neutron capture reaction, which are the main radioactive waste to be treated during decommissioning. In this paper, the neutron irradiation and the generated activation source of the internals for pressurized water reactors (PWR) are studied and analyzed. Firstly, core modeling was carried out, and the neutron transport calculation is performed to obtain three-dimensional distribution of the neutron flux. Secondly, according to the three-dimensional distribution of the material composition and the neutron flux rate of the reactor, the activation calculation is carried out to obtain the activation source.
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Kushnazarov, Mansurbek, Crystal Jing Luo, and Nicole Kwan Yee Lai. "The effect of an online active learning-based course on approaches to teaching." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13050.
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The quality of teacher training research postgraduate (RPg) students receive is highly likely to determine the quality of teaching and learning they will provide when they are given teaching duties. Designing and developing such a teaching development course is considerably challenging, particularly if it is fully online. Owing to its focus on student learning, we integrated group learning, case-based learning and technology-enhanced learning approaches of active learning into an online Professional Development (PD) course at a university in Hong Kong. The course intended to enhance RPg students’ student-focused teaching approaches which, in turn, would help their students demonstrate high academic performance and achieve learning objectives. We relied on the concept of teaching approaches to build the theoretical foundation of this study and used Approaches to Teaching Inventory (ATI) to test the effectiveness of the PD course in improving the RPg students’ teaching quality. The quantitative analysis of the survey conducted showed that there was a significant increase in both Conceptual Change/Student Focused (CCSF) and Information Transmission/Teacher Focused approaches to teaching among the RPg students. The results provided opportunities to make informed decisions for further enhancement of the course design and start a new potential dialogue in studies of teaching approaches.