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1

Layton, Scott, and Jason Belden. "Engaging Undergraduates in the Scientific Process: Exploring Invertebrate Endocrine Disruption." American Biology Teacher 78, no. 5 (2016): 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2016.78.5.410.

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Engaging students in the process of science to increase learning and critical thinking has become a key emphasis in undergraduate education. Introducing environmental topics, such as the effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, into undergraduate courses offers a new means to increase student engagement. Daphnia magna can serve as a model organism for endocrine disruption, and its ease of handling, rapid reproduction rate, and clearly defined endpoints make it useful in short-term, student research projects. The concept of endocrine disruption can be tested through a 21-day reproductive stud
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2

Keay, June, and Joseph W. Thornton. "Hormone-Activated Estrogen Receptors in Annelid Invertebrates: Implications for Evolution and Endocrine Disruption." Endocrinology 150, no. 4 (2008): 1731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2008-1338.

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As the primary mediators of estrogen signaling in vertebrates, estrogen receptors (ERs) play crucial roles in reproduction, development, and behavior. They are also the major mediators of endocrine disruption by xenobiotic pollutants that mimic or block estrogen action. ERs that are sensitive to estrogen and endocrine disrupters have long been thought to be restricted to vertebrates: although there is evidence for estrogen signaling in invertebrates, the only ERs studied to date, from mollusks and cephalochordates, have been insensitive to estrogen and therefore incapable of mediating estrogen
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3

Langston, W. J. "Endocrine disruption and altered sexual development in aquatic organisms: an invertebrate perspective." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 100, no. 4 (2020): 495–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315420000533.

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AbstractContaminants causing sex-altering, endocrine disrupting-like (ED) effects, or otherwise influencing reproduction, have been of growing concern to humans for more than 50 years. They have also been a perturbing, though less well-studied, phenomenon in marine organisms, following the recognition of tributyltin (TBT)-induced imposex and population extinctions in (neo)gastropods in the 1970s. Whilst ED impacts in mammals and fish are characterized by mimicry or antagonism of endogenous hormones by environmental contaminants (acting through Nuclear Receptors which are present in all metazoa
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4

Sainath, S. B., A. André, L. Filipe C. Castro, and M. M. Santos. "The evolutionary road to invertebrate thyroid hormone signaling: Perspectives for endocrine disruption processes." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 223 (September 2019): 124–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.05.014.

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5

Puinean, Alin-Mirel, and Jeanette M. Rotchell. "Vitellogenin gene expression as a biomarker of endocrine disruption in the invertebrate, Mytilus edulis." Marine Environmental Research 62 (January 2006): S211—S214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.04.035.

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6

Langston, W. J., G. R. Burt, B. S. Chesman, and C. H. Vane. "Partitioning, bioavailability and effects of oestrogens and xeno-oestrogens in the aquatic environment." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 85, no. 1 (2005): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315405010787h.

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This review provides insights into the distribution and impact of oestrogens and xeno-oestrogens in the aquatic environment and highlights some significant knowledge gaps in our understanding of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Key areas of uncertainty in the assessment of risk include the role of estuarine sediments in mediating the fate and bioavailability of environmental (xeno)oestrogens (notably their transfer to benthic organisms and estuarine food chains), together with evidence for endocrine disruption in invertebrate populations.Emphasis is placed on using published information to inte
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Castro, L. Filipe C., and Miguel M. Santos. "To Bind or Not To Bind: The Taxonomic Scope of Nuclear Receptor Mediated Endocrine Disruption in Invertebrate Phyla." Environmental Science & Technology 48, no. 10 (2014): 5361–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es501697b.

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8

Oehlmann, J., and U. Schulte-Oehlmann. "Endocrine disruption in invertebrates." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 11-12 (2003): 2207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112207.

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Recent reports have shown that a number of xenobiotics in the environment are capable of interfering with the normal endocrine function in a variety of animals. The overwhelming majority of the studies on the effects of hormone-mimetic industrial chemicals were focused on findings in vertebrates. More detailed information about the effects on and mechanisms of action in invertebrates has only been obtained from a few cases, although invertebrates represent more than 95 % of the known species in the animal kingdom and are extremely important with regard to ecosystem structure and function. The
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9

Ziani, Khaled, Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican, Magdalena Mititelu, et al. "Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review." Nutrients 15, no. 3 (2023): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15030617.

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Microplastics are small plastic particles that come from the degradation of plastics, ubiquitous in nature and therefore affect both wildlife and humans. They have been detected in many marine species, but also in drinking water and in numerous foods, such as salt, honey and marine organisms. Exposure to microplastics can also occur through inhaled air. Data from animal studies have shown that once absorbed, plastic micro- and nanoparticles can distribute to the liver, spleen, heart, lungs, thymus, reproductive organs, kidneys and even the brain (crosses the blood–brain barrier). In addition,
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10

Lewis, S. E., A. Yokofich, M. Mohr, C. Kurth, R. Giuliani, and M. G. Baldridge. "Exposure to bisphenol A modulates hormone concentrations in Gammarus pseudolimnaeus." Canadian Journal of Zoology 90, no. 12 (2012): 1414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2012-0178.

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting compound that can enter aquatic systems through landfill leachate or wastewater effluent. Although impacts of BPA on vertebrates are well documented, its effects on invertebrates are less clear. Amphipods such as Gammarus pseudolimnaeus Bousfield, 1958 are often prevalent invertebrates in freshwater ecosystems and can provide a powerful invertebrate model system to investigate the endocrine-disruptive capabilities of BPA. However, techniques to assay hormone concentrations in amphipods, especially vertebrate-like steroid sex hormones, are not widesp
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11

Chesman, B. S., and W. J. Langston. "Intersex in the clam Scrobicularia plana : a sign of endocrine disruption in estuaries?" Biology Letters 2, no. 3 (2006): 420–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0482.

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The phenomenon of endocrine disruption is currently a source of growing concern. Feminization of male fish in UK rivers has been shown to occur extensively and has been linked with exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds present in the environment. Much less is known of the extent and scale of endocrine disruption in estuarine and marine ecosystems, particularly in invertebrates. We present evidence that intersex, in the form of ovotestis, is occurring in the common estuarine bivalve Scrobicularia plana , which is considered to be inherently gonochoristic. We report varying degrees in the s
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12

Depledge, M. H., and Z. Billinghurst. "Ecological Significance of Endocrine Disruption in Marine Invertebrates." Marine Pollution Bulletin 39, no. 1-12 (1999): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-326x(99)00115-0.

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13

Thornton, J. W. "Nonmammalian nuclear receptors: Evolution and endocrine disruption." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 11-12 (2003): 1827–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375111827.

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Most research to identify endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their impacts has relied on mammalian models or in vitro systems derived from them. But nuclear receptors (NRs), the proteins that transduce hydrophobic hormonal signals and are major mediators of endocrine disruption, emerged early in animal evolution and now play biologically essential roles throughout the Metazoa. Nonmammalian vertebrates and invertebrates, many of which are of considerable ecological, economic, and cultural importance, are therefore potentially subject to endocrine disruption by synthetic environmental pollutants
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14

Ford, Alex T., and Gerald A. LeBlanc. "Endocrine Disruption in Invertebrates: A Survey of Research Progress." Environmental Science & Technology 54, no. 21 (2020): 13365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c04226.

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15

André, A., R. Ruivo, M. Gesto, L. Filipe C. Castro, and M. M. Santos. "Retinoid metabolism in invertebrates: When evolution meets endocrine disruption." General and Comparative Endocrinology 208 (November 2014): 134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.08.005.

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16

Iguchi, Taisen, Hajime Watanabe, and Yoshinao Katsu. "Application of Ecotoxicogenomics for Studying Endocrine Disruption in Vertebrates and Invertebrates." Environmental Health Perspectives 114, Suppl 1 (2006): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8061.

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17

Katsiadaki, Ioanna. "Are marine invertebrates really at risk from endocrine-disrupting chemicals?" Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health 11 (October 2019): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2019.06.005.

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18

Janer, Gemma, and Cinta Porte. "Sex steroids and potential mechanisms of non-genomic endocrine disruption in invertebrates." Ecotoxicology 16, no. 1 (2007): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-006-0110-4.

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19

Barata, Carlos, Cinta Porte, and Donald J. Baird. "Experimental Designs to Assess Endocrine Disrupting Effects in Invertebrates A Review." Ecotoxicology 13, no. 6 (2004): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ectx.0000037188.09072.de.

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20

deFur, P. L. "Use and Role of Invertebrate Models in Endocrine Disruptor Research and Testing." ILAR Journal 45, no. 4 (2004): 484–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ilar.45.4.484.

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21

Parrott, Joanne, Michael Wade, Gary Timm, and Scott Brown. "An Overview of Testing Procedures and Approaches for Identifying Endocrine Disrupting Substances." Water Quality Research Journal 36, no. 2 (2001): 273–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2001.016.

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Abstract Concern over the potential effects of exposure to endocrine disrupting substances (EDS) has resulted in recommendations for the development of specific endocrine and reproductive tests for assessment and regulation of industrial chemicals and effluents. This document consolidates and summarizes the current approaches taken by international agencies and scientific organizations for testing and screening EDS in mammals and wildlife. The material has been gathered from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development meeting reports, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Endocr
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22

Lye, CM, MG Bentley, AS Clare, and EM Sefton. "Endocrine disruption in the shore crab Carcinus maenas—a biomarker for benthic marine invertebrates?" Marine Ecology Progress Series 288 (2005): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps288221.

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23

Kwak, Jin Il, and Youn-Joo An. "Assessing potential indicator of endocrine-disrupting property of chemicals using soil invertebrates." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 245 (July 2021): 109036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109036.

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24

Park, Kirsty J., Carsten T. Müller, Shai Markman, Olivia Swinscow-Hall, David Pascoe, and Katherine L. Buchanan. "Detection of endocrine disrupting chemicals in aerial invertebrates at sewage treatment works." Chemosphere 77, no. 11 (2009): 1459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.08.063.

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25

Alvarado-Flores, Jesús, and Roberto Rico-Martínez. "Effects of waterborne luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone on reproduction of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus (Monogononta: Brachionidae)." Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology 55 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/limn/2019008.

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This study used freshwater rotifers to evaluate the effects of two endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which can be considered emergent contaminants in urban and rural wastewater and are of ecotoxicological importance. LH stimulates the synthesis of testosterone, whereas FSH promotes the maturation of follicles and sperm in vertebrates and invertebrates. However, in rotifers, there are no reports of the effects of chronic exposure to these hormones when added to reconstituted culture medium, as a way to study potential adverse
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da Silva, Ricardo Correia, Mariana Pires Teixeira, Luciana Souza de Paiva, and Leandro Miranda-Alves. "Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin." Toxics 11, no. 8 (2023): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080696.

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Tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental contaminant present on all continents, including Antarctica, with a potent biocidal action. Its use began to be intensified during the 1960s. It was effectively banned in 2003 but remains in the environment to this day due to several factors that increase its half-life and its misuse despite the bans. In addition to the endocrine-disrupting effect of TBT, which may lead to imposex induction in some invertebrate species, there are several studies that demonstrate that TBT also has an immunotoxic effect. The immunotoxic effects that have been observed experi
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Weltje, Lennart, and Ulrike Schulte-Oehlmann. "The seven year itch—progress in research on endocrine disruption in aquatic invertebrates since 1999." Ecotoxicology 16, no. 1 (2007): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-006-0116-y.

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28

Segner, H., K. Caroll, M. Fenske, et al. "Identification of endocrine-disrupting effects in aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates: report from the European IDEA project." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 54, no. 3 (2003): 302–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0147-6513(02)00039-8.

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Işıldar, Gamze Yücel, A. Çağlan Günal, Duygu Şahin, Burcu Kocak Memmi, and Aylin Sepici Dinçel. "How potential endocrine disruptor deltamethrin effects antioxidant enzyme levels and total antioxidant status on model organisms." Turkish Journal of Biochemistry 45, no. 4 (2020): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2019-0382.

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AbstractObjectiveDeltamethrin, synthetic pyrethroid, is a suspected endocrine disruptor contaminating ecosystems as toxic pollutant via agricultural activities and vector controls. The objective of the study is to determine the possible effects on human by evaluating antioxidant enzyme levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) of invertebrate model organism crayfish exposure to sublethal deltamethrin.Materials and methodsCrayfish were exposed to 0.05 μg/L deltamethrin for 48 h and 7 days. Hemolymph samples were taken for TAS and total haemocyte counts (THCs). Gill, hepatopancreas and muscle ti
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Honda, Masato, and Nobuo Suzuki. "Toxicities of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Aquatic Animals." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (2020): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041363.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds that are widely distributed in the air, water, and soil. Recently, the amount of PAHs derived from fuels and from incomplete combustion processes is increasing. In the aquatic environment, oil spills directly cause PAH pollution and affect marine organisms. Oil spills correlate very well with the major shipping routes. Furthermore, accidental oil spills can seriously impact the marine environment toxicologically. Here, we describe PAH toxicities and related bioaccumulation properties in aquatic animals, including invertebrates. Rece
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Gray, L. E., and P. M. D. Foster. "Significance of experimental studies for assessing adverse effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 11-12 (2003): 2125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112125.

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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is developing an endocrine disruptor screening and testing program to detect chemicals that alter hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) function, estrogen, androgen, and thyroid (EAT) hormone synthesis or metabolism and induce androgen (AR) and estrogen (ER) receptor-mediated effects in mammals and other animals. The utility of this approach is based upon the knowledge that mechanisms of endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) action are highly conserved at the cellular and molecular levels among vertebrates. Some EDC mechanisms also are shared with
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Rochester, Johanna R., Ashley L. Bolden, Katherine E. Pelch, and Carol F. Kwiatkowski. "Potential Developmental and Reproductive Impacts of Triclocarban: A Scoping Review." Journal of Toxicology 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9679738.

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Triclocarban (TCC) is an antimicrobial agent used in personal care products. Although frequently studied with another antimicrobial, triclosan, it is not as well researched, and there are very few reviews of the biological activity of TCC. TCC has been shown to be a possible endocrine disruptor, acting by enhancing the activity of endogenous hormones. TCC has been banned in the US for certain applications; however, many human populations, in and outside the US, exhibit exposure to TCC. Because of the concern of the health effects of TCC, we conducted a scoping review in order to map the curren
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Jung Collard, Hyo-rin, Kyunghee Ji, Sangwoo Lee, et al. "Toxicity and endocrine disruption in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and two freshwater invertebrates (Daphnia magna and Moina macrocopa) after chronic exposure to mefenamic acid." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 94 (August 2013): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.04.027.

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Atli, Emel, and Erkut Tamtürk. "Investigation of developmental and reproductive effects of resveratrol in Drosophila melanogaster." Toxicology Research 11, no. 1 (2021): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfab123.

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Abstract Resveratrol is a chemical that attracts attention due to its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and estrogenic/antiestrogenic properties. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate developmental and reproductive effects (developmental periods, average numbers of offspring, sex ratios) of resveratrol in Drosophila melanogaster. Their larvae were exposed to 50, 100, and 200 μM of resveratrol. Resveratrol treatments did not affect pupation and maturation rate (P ˃ 0.05) statistically. But the pupation and maturation times were significantly extended at all doses (P ˂ 0.05). Also, 1
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Zahradeen, Nasir Nabila, and Usman Bawa. "Toxicological consequences of microplastics pollution on aquatic Li Ving organisms: a review." Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 10, no. 2c (2024): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2c.3.

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Plastics are used all around the world and so often that their pollution is becoming a concern. The global demand on microplastics has increased because plastics have light weight and low production cost. Microplastics affect the aquatic environment; aquatic organisms and subsequently through food web bioaccumulation human beings. This study review the scientific literature on the current trend of toxicological consequences of micro plastics, sources of micro plastics, their toxicity to different aquatic organisms. Microplastics cause toxicity to humans through accumulation which includes heal
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Zuščíková, Lucia, Denis Bažány, Hana Greifová, et al. "Screening of Toxic Effects of Neonicotinoid Insecticides with a Focus on Acetamiprid: A Review." Toxics 11, no. 7 (2023): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11070598.

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Recently, neonicotinoids have become the fastest-growing class of insecticides in conventional crop protection, with extensive usage against a wide range of sucking and chewing pests. Neonicotinoids are widely used due to their high toxicity to invertebrates, simplicity, flexibility with which they may be applied, and lengthy persistence, and their systemic nature ensures that they spread to all sections of the target crop. However, these properties raise the risk of environmental contaminations and potential toxicity to non-target organisms. Acetamiprid is a new generation insecticide, which
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Lawrence, A. J., and J. M. Soame. "The endocrine control of reproduction in Nereidae: a new multi-hormonal model with implications for their functional role in a changing environment." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1534 (2009): 3363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0127.

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Nereidae are vital to the functioning of estuarine ecosystems and are major components in the diets of over-wintering birds and commercial fish. They use environmental cues to synchronize reproduction. Photoperiod is the proximate cue, initiating vitellogenesis in a temperature-compensated process. The prevailing paradigm in Nereidae is of a single ‘juvenile’ hormone controlling growth and reproduction. However, a new multi-hormone model is presented here that integrates the environmental and endocrine control of reproduction. This is supported by evidence from in vitro bioassays. The juvenile
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Kidd, Karen A., Michael J. Paterson, Michael D. Rennie, et al. "Direct and indirect responses of a freshwater food web to a potent synthetic oestrogen." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1656 (2014): 20130578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0578.

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Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in municipal effluents directly affect the sexual development and reproductive success of fishes, but indirect effects on invertebrate prey or fish predators through reduced predation or prey availability, respectively, are unknown. At the Experimental Lakes Area in northwestern Ontario, Canada, a long-term, whole-lake experiment was conducted using a before-after-control-impact design to determine both direct and indirect effects of the synthetic oestrogen used in the birth control pill, 17α-ethynyloestradiol (EE2). Algal, microbial, zooplankton and benth
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Sanjay Kalra. "Differences of sexual differentiation: A place under the sun." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 11 (2023): 2152. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.23-92.

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Binary rubrics are used to differentiate between living and non-living, animal and plant, vertebrate and invertebrate, mammalian and non-mammalian, as well as male and female organisms. While this approach helps in classifying the vast majority of the target population, we must remember that these frameworks are man-made. Many human beings may be born with phenotypic, karyotypic, gonadal and/or genital characteristics that “do not fit typical binary notion of male or female bodies”.1 Such births may as frequently as once in every 50 births, though 1 and 2 per 1,000 live births require, and/or
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de la Fuente, Mercedes, Raquel Martín Folgar, Pedro Martínez-Paz, Estrella Cortés, José Luis Martínez-Guitarte, and Mónica Morales. "Effect of environmental stressors on the mRNA expression of ecdysone cascade genes in Chironomus riparius." Environmental Science and Pollution Research, September 13, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16339-3.

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Abstract Chemical compounds produced by humans are continuously reaching the environment. In this work, we characterised the expression patterns of important endocrine-related genes involved in the ecdysone pathway in the fourth larval instar of the model species Chironomus riparius after exposure to three chemicals: ethinyl oestradiol (EE), nonylphenol (NP) and bis(tributyltin) oxide (TBTO). We used real-time PCR to analyse the gene expression levels of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (usp), two genes that encode the dimerising partners of the functional ecdysone receptor; the orpha
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Pennati, Roberta. "EFFETTI DEGLI INTERFERENTI ENDOCRINI SULLE COMUNITÀ DI INVERTEBRATI MARINI." Istituto Lombardo - Accademia di Scienze e Lettere • Incontri di Studio, December 29, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/incontri.2022.803.

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Organic pollutants with disrupting activity on the endocrine system are known as endocrine disrupting compounds (ECDs) and are broadly diffuse on the Planet. By different pathways, they reach the marine environment that is the ultimate collector of these substances. Several researches pointed out acute and chronic effects of these pollutants on the reproduction and development of fish and marine mammals. Fewer studies have been dedicated to explore the effects of ECDs on marine invertebrates though these represent most of marine biodiversity. Researches are hampered by limited knowledge of end
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Canesi, Laura, Angelica Miglioli, Teresa Balbi, and Elena Fabbri. "Physiological Roles of Serotonin in Bivalves: Possible Interference by Environmental Chemicals Resulting in Neuroendocrine Disruption." Frontiers in Endocrinology 13 (February 25, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.792589.

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Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) are defined as chemicals not commonly monitored in aquatic ecosystems, but with the potential to cause adverse effects on biota. CECs include Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) and Neuro-Endocrine disruptors (NEDs) of vertebrates. However, most invertebrates only rely on neuroendocrine systems to maintain homeostatic processes. Although conserved neuroendocrine components have been characterized in ecologically relevant groups, limited knowledge on invertebrate neuroendocrinology makes it difficult to define EDCs and NEDs in most species. The monoami
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Crane, Mark, Steve Dungey, Adam Lillicrap, et al. "Commentary: Assessing the endocrine disrupting effects of chemicals on invertebrates in the European Union." Environmental Sciences Europe 34, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12302-022-00613-3.

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AbstractEvidence from both laboratory and field studies has shown that currently used synthetic and naturally occurring chemical substances may potentially disrupt invertebrate endocrine systems, although the extent of this in field populations remains unclear. Translating concerns about potential endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) into practical and effective regulatory action is currently hampered by the breadth of invertebrate endocrinology when compared to the better understood vertebrate systems, a lack of fundamental knowledge about the endocrinology of many invertebrate groups, and t
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Fernandez, Marcos Antonio. "Editorial: Endocrine disruption in marine invertebrates." Frontiers in Endocrinology 13 (October 24, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1040939.

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Knigge, Thomas, Gerald A. LeBlanc, and Alex T. Ford. "A Crab Is Not a Fish: Unique Aspects of the Crustacean Endocrine System and Considerations for Endocrine Toxicology." Frontiers in Endocrinology 12 (March 2, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.587608.

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Crustaceans—and arthropods in general—exhibit many unique aspects to their physiology. These include the requirement to moult (ecdysis) in order to grow and reproduce, the ability to change color, and multiple strategies for sexual differentiation. Accordingly, the endocrine regulation of these processes involves hormones, receptors, and enzymes that differ from those utilized by vertebrates and other non-arthropod invertebrates. As a result, environmental chemicals known to disrupt endocrine processes in vertebrates are often not endocrine disruptors in crustaceans; while, chemicals that disr
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Fernandez, Marcos Antonio. "Populations Collapses in Marine Invertebrates Due to Endocrine Disruption: A Cause for Concern?" Frontiers in Endocrinology 10 (October 29, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00721.

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Azevedo, Tiago, Mariana Gonçalves, Rita Silva-Reis, et al. "Do endocrine disrupting compounds impact earthworms? A comprehensive evidence review." Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, August 24, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11157-024-09698-z.

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AbstractEndocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are ubiquitous in soil, posing serious risks to soil biota, especially earthworms, which have been found to be affected by these compounds, despite not being their typical target organisms. Earthworms are essential for sustaining soil health and quality, by promoting soil aeration, organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling, among other functions. This review synthesizes available literature evidencing the negative impact of EDC exposure, through traditional endocrine pathways and other toxicological mechanisms, on histopathological, biochem
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Balbi, Teresa, Angelica Miglioli, Michele Montagna, et al. "The biocide triclosan as a potential developmental disruptor in Mytilus early larvae." Environmental Science and Pollution Research, September 20, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29854-2.

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AbstractThe broadly utilized biocide triclosan (TCS) is continuously discharged in water compartments worldwide, where it is detected at concentrations of ng-µg/L. Given its lipophilicity and bioaccumulation, TCS is considered potentially harmful to human and environmental health and also as a potential endocrine disruptor (ED) in different species. In aquatic organisms, TCS can induce a variety of effects: however, little information is available on its possible impact on invertebrate development. Early larval stages of the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis have been shown to be sensit
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Jones, Austin, Lynell Martinez, and Lisa Garrido. "A comparison of the effects of melatonin and bisphenol A on the behavior of motile zooxanthellae." Journal of Student Research 11, no. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v11i2.2578.

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is classified as an organic chemical pollutant and has received global concern due to its widespread presence in the world’s ocean at relevant environmental concentrations as well as its various negative toxicological and reproductive effects. Endocrine disruption suggests that BPA may compete with hormone receptors involved in cell communication.
 Melatonin is an indoleamine produced by many cnidarian species as well as some dinoflagellates. It is a natural neurotransmitter involved in processes such as movement, sexual maturation, metamorphosis, and reproduction.
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Ibrahim, Amina M., Ali A. Al-Fanharawi, and Hebat-Allah A. Dokmak. "Ovicidal, immunotoxic and endocrine disrupting effects of saponin on Bulinus truncatus snails with special emphasize on the oxidative stress parameters, genotoxicological, and histopathological alterations." Environmental Science and Pollution Research, June 5, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27668-w.

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AbstractBulinus truncatus snail is one of the most medically important snails. The goal of this study was to evaluate the molluscicidal effect of saponin on these snails and study how it affects their biological functions. The present results showed that saponin had a molluscicidal activity against adult B. truncatus snails after 24h and 72h with LC50 (57.5 and 27.1 ppm, respectively) and had ovicidal acivity on the snails’ embryos. By studying the effect of the sublethal concentrations (LC10 48.63 ppm or LC25 52.83 ppm) exposure on B. truncatus snails, they resulted in significant decreases i
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