Academic literature on the topic 'Inverter-based linear variable transconductance'
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Journal articles on the topic "Inverter-based linear variable transconductance"
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Kweon, Soon-Jae, Soo-Hwan Shin, Sung-Hun Jo, and Hyung-Joun Yoo. "Reconfigurable High-Order Moving-Average Filter Using Inverter-Based Variable Transconductance Amplifiers." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 61, no. 12 (2014): 942–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2362736.
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Tang, Fang, Amine Bermak, Amira Abbes та Mohieddine Amor Benammar. "Continuous-TimeΣΔADC with Implicit Variable Gain Amplifier for CMOS Image Sensor". Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/208540.
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This paper presents a column-parallel continuous-time sigma delta (CTSD) ADC for mega-pixel resolution CMOS image sensor (CIS). The sigma delta modulator is implemented with a 2nd order resistor/capacitor-based loop filter. The first integrator uses a conventional operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), for the concern of a high power noise rejection. The second integrator is realized with a single-ended inverter-based amplifier, instead of a standard OTA. As a result, the power consumption is reduced, without sacrificing the noise performance. Moreover, the variable gain amplifier in the traditional column-parallel read-out circuit is merged into the front-end of the CTSD modulator. By programming the input resistance, the amplitude range of the input current can be tuned with 8 scales, which is equivalent to a traditional 2-bit preamplification function without consuming extra power and chip area. The test chip prototype is fabricated using 0.18 μm CMOS process and the measurement result shows an ADC power consumption lower than 63.5 μW under 1.4 V power supply and 50 MHz clock frequency.
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Zhou, Xuesong, Jiayao Wang, and Youjie Ma. "Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverter Based on Deviation Control Principle." Energies 13, no. 15 (2020): 3790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153790.
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Photovoltaic grid-connected power generation systems are easily affected by external factors, and their anti-interference performance is poor. For example, changes in illumination and fluctuations in the power grid affect the operation ability of the system. Linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) can extract the “summation disturbance” information from the system and eliminate the disturbance at the fastest speed by controlling the signal before it affects the final output of the system. In this paper, an improved linear ADRC based on the principle of deviation control is proposed, and the voltage outer loop is controlled by an improved LADRC. This improved LADRC takes the deviation between each state variable and its observed value as the regulation basis for each state variable of the linear extended state observer (LESO). Based on the analysis of the bode diagram in the frequency domain, it can be concluded that, compared with the unimproved LADRC, the new LADRC has better disturbance rejection performance. The simulation results show that the control performance of the new, improved LADRC is better than that of the unimproved LADRC under different operating conditions, and it has better stability performance and anti-disturbance performance.
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Komrska, Tomáš, and Tomáš Glasberger. "Pulse Width Modulation of Three Phase Inverters Based on Linear Programming." TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 8, no. 3 (2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tee.2019.3.044.
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Traditional three-phase voltage-source inverters supplied by constant dc-link voltage usually utilize the space vector PWM to achieve maximum output voltage. This paper deals with optimization of inverter leg voltages using linear programming method. System definition is based on the relationship between the known voltage vector, which is demanded by an upper control loop and the unknown leg voltages which enter the carrier-based PWM block as modulation signals. A slack variable is introduced to the system as minimization objective, defining border for all leg voltages. Optimization procedure minimizes leg voltage maxima, and thus, the maximum utilization of the dc-link voltage is ensured. The theoretical assumptions have been verified by simulations as well as by experiments on laboratory prototype.
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Behera, Sasmita, and Matruprasad Jyotiranjan. "Comparative Study of Two Different Converters with its Controller for Grid Connected WECS with PMSG." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 8, no. 2 (2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2019040101.
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Wind is a source for generating clean and economical electrical energy with a proper harnessing mechanism. For a wind energy conversion system (WECS), maximum power extraction with optimum power quality is required. In this article, the grid power quality is enhanced, using a multilevel inverter which provides smoother and pure sinusoidal waves as compared to two-level inverter by decreasing total harmonic distortion (THD) in WECS with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). Also, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is based on an optimal torque controller, employed to extract more power. In this study, a WECS with a PMSG connected to the local linear resistive load and grid is considered for simulation. A multilevel inverter grid interface is controlled by in phase disposition pulse width modulation (IPD – PWM). The multilevel inverter with MPPT has been acknowledged as superior to a normal two-level inverter without MPPT Controller. Simulation results as observed for fixed and variable wind speed including MPPT demonstrate benefits of the proposed method.
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Kim, Dong-Myeong, Dongmin Kim, Hang-Geun Jeong, and Donggu Im. "A Reconfigurable CMOS Inverter-based Stacked Power Amplifier with Antenna Impedance Mismatch Compensation for Low Power Short-Range Wireless Communications." Electronics 9, no. 4 (2020): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040562.
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A reconfigurable CMOS inverter-based stacked power amplifier (PA) is proposed to extend impedance coverage, while maintaining an output power exceeding the specific power level under the worst antenna impedance mismatch conditions. The adopted process technology supports multi-threshold metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) devices, and therefore, the proposed PA employs high threshold voltage (Vth) MOSFETs to increase the output voltage swing, and the output power under a given load condition. The unit cell of the last PA stage relies on a cascode inverter that is implemented by adding cascode transistors to the traditional inverter amplifier. By stacking two identical cascode inverters, and enabling one or both of them through digital switch control, the proposed PA can control the maximum output voltage swing and change the optimum load Ropt, resulting in maximum output power with peak power added efficiency (PAE). The cascode transistors mitigate breakdown issues when the upper cascode inverter stage is driven by a supply voltage of 2 × VDD, and decrease the output impedance of the PA by changing its operation mode from the saturation region to the linear region. This variable output impedance characteristic is useful in extending the impedance coverage of the proposed PA. The reconfigurable PA supports three operation modes: cascode inverter configuration (CIC), double-stacked cascode inverter configuration (DSCIC) and double-stacked inverter configuration (DSIC). These show Ropt of around 100, 50 and 25 Ω, respectively. In the simulation results, the proposed PA operating under the three configurations showed a saturated output power (Psat) of +6.1 dBm and a peak PAE of 41.1% under a 100 Ω load impedance condition, a Psat of +4.5 dBm and a peak PAE of 44.3% under a 50 Ω load impedance condition, and a Psat of +5.2 dBm and a peak PAE of 37.1% under a 25 Ω load impedance condition, respectively. Compared to conventional inverter-based PAs, the proposed design significantly extends impedance coverage, while maintaining an output power exceeding the specific power level, without sacrificing power efficiency using only hardware reconfiguration.
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Ma, Youjie, Luyong Yang, Xuesong Zhou, Xia Yang, Yongliang Zhou, and Bo Zhang. "Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control for DC Bus Voltage Under Low-Voltage Ride-Through at the Grid-Side of Energy Storage System." Energies 13, no. 5 (2020): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051207.
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The energy storage inverter system has the characteristics of nonlinearity, strong coupling, variable parameters, and flexible mode switching between parallel and off grid. In order to improve the control performance of the grid-side inverter of the energy storage system, an improved Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC) based on proportional differentiation is proposed to replace the traditional LADRC in the voltage outer loop control. In this paper, the observation gain coefficient of the sum of the disturbances of the traditional Linear Extended State Observer (LESO) is improved to a proportional differentiation link, which effectively reduces the degree of the disturbance observation amplitude drop and the phase lag, and increases the observation bandwidth of LESO. Compared with traditional LADRC, it not only improves the observation accuracy of LESO for disturbance, but also improves the anti-interference performance of LADRC. Finally, the control effects of improved LADRC and traditional LADRC on low-voltage ride-through at different degrees are analyzed and compared through simulation, which proves the rationality of the controller designed in this paper.
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Minati, Ludovico. "Experimental Implementation of Networked Chaotic Oscillators Based on Cross-Coupled Inverter Rings in a CMOS Integrated Circuit." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 09 (2015): 1550144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615501443.
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A novel chaotic oscillator based on "cross-coupled" inverter rings is presented. The oscillator consists of a 3-ring to which higher odd n-rings are progressively coupled via diodes and pass gates; it does not contain reactive or resistive elements, and is thus suitable for area-efficient implementation on a CMOS integrated circuit. Numerical simulation based on piece-wise linear approximation predicted the generation of positive spikes having approximately constant periodicity but highly variable cycle amplitude. Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) simulations and experimental data from a prototype realized on 0.7 μm technology confirmed this finding, and demonstrated increasing correlation dimension (D2) as 5-, 7- and 9-rings were progressively coupled to the 3-ring. Experimental data from a ring of 24 such oscillator cells showed phase synchronization and partial amplitude synchronization (formation of small clusters), emerging depending on DC gate voltage applied at NMOS transistors implementing diffusive coupling between neighboring cells. Thanks to its small area, simple synchronizability and digital controllability, the proposed circuit enables experimental investigation of dynamical complexity in large networks of coupled chaotic oscillators, and may additionally be suitable for applications such as broadband signal and random number generation.
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Elnady, A., and M. AlShabi. "Operation of Parallel Inverters in Microgrid Using New Adaptive PI Controllers Based on Least Mean Fourth Technique." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (June 19, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4854803.
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This paper shows the operation of the microgrid using a new adaptive PI controller based operational (control) scheme. The core of the proposed control scheme is the suggested adaptive PI controller. The parameters of the PI controller are adaptively tuned using a variable step-size least mean fourth algorithm with no need for any system model to operate this adaptive controller. The main merit of the proposed scheme is that it stabilizes the magnitude and frequency of the voltage at any loading condition such as variable balanced loads, variable unbalanced loads, and nonlinear loads. The proposed scheme has a simple structure and accurate performance. In addition, the structure of proposed scheme provides a seamless transition toward any loss or reconnection of any inverter in the microgrid. Furthermore, the suggested operational scheme is flexible enough to enable the microgrid to be operative in a grid-connected mode and to transfer from the voltage control mode to power control mode with a smooth transitional procedure. To validate the meritorious performance of the suggested scheme, its performance is compared to similar schemes based on a linear controller (regular PI controller), single-neuron PI controller (adaptive PI controller), recursive least square-support vector machine based PI controller (another adaptive PI controller), and nonlinear controller (sliding mode controller) for different operations of the microgrid.
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Zalohin, M. Yu, B. A. Liubarskyi, S. N. Schuklinov, M. G. Mychalevych, and D. V. Leontiev. "Study of Proportional Pressure Modulator on the Basis of Electromagnetic-Type Linear Motor." Science & Technique 17, no. 5 (2018): 440–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-5-440-446.
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The paper deals with a workflow of a proportional pressure modulator equipped with a linear electric motor of electromagnetic type (LEMET). A schematic diagram consisting of a power supply and control system has been constructed to determine the performance of LEMET. The power supply system is a self-contained half-bridge inverter. The converter input is supplied with 12 V DC voltage. The motor phase is powered by an inverter which includes transistor switches and diodes. The control system of the autonomous inverter consists of two channels – a current limiting channel and a linear transfer channel. The study is based on the results of numerical and simulation modeling of LEMET workflows. Numerical simulation is performed and investigated by a finite element method in the FEMM environment. Geometry of the LEMET model lies in the region of air with an electromagnetic permeability of 1. An initial radius of the grid generation for the working gap area is 0.5 mm, while for other areas an adaptive generation method has been applied. In order to determine a continuous power function at any point within a current variation interval i and a displacement x current linkage and electromagnetic force functions have been approximated by polynomials use of the Curve Fitting application. The simulation LEMET model of a proportional modulator has been built in the MatLab Simulink environment. The implicit Runge-Kutta method using the secondorder inverse differentiation formulas with a variable step has been applied for solution of a mathematical model in the MatLab Simulink system. The equation of an electrical circuit for an inductor motor phase has been compiled according to the second law of Kirchhoff. The LEMET traction characteristics have been obtained by moving a locking and adjusting element (LCE) from 0 to 6 mm in steps of 1 mm while changing the MMF in the winding from 0 to 2 A in steps of 0.1 A. It has been established that in order to move the LCE by 6 mm with the speed of 40 mm/s with a resolution of 0.15 mm, the maximum value of the current in the LEMET winding is equal to 2.5 A. In this case the value of the electromagnetic force is 120 N. This makes it possible to improve an accuracy of the brake drive pressure regulation by 12.3 %. Solutions have been proposed to increase the LEMET speedwork. Characteristics of the engine have been described and numerical parameters of LEMET have been determined in the paper. The developed simulation model allows to investigate functional properties and dynamic characteristics of the proportional modulator with a relative error of 4.07 %.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inverter-based linear variable transconductance"
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Revanna, Nagaraja. "Low frequency sinusoidal oscillator for impedance spectroscopy." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25263.
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Impedance measurement as a function of frequency is being increasingly used for the detection of organic molecules. The main building block required for this is a sinusoidal oscillator whose frequency can be varied in the range of a few KHz to tens of MHz. The thesis describes the design of Integrated CMOS Oscillator Circuits. There are 2 designs presented in the thesis, one of which is based on the Wien Bridge and the other, on an LC architecture. They provide both in-phase and quadrature outputs needed for the determination of the real and imaginary parts of complex impedances. The inductor in the LC tank is realized by gyration of a capacitor. This needs two variable transconductance elements. Linear transconductance elements with decoupled transconductance gm and output conductance go is presented. A novel circuit for detecting and controlling the amplitude of oscillation is described. A current mode technique to scale the capacitance is also discussed. Since this oscillator is used in an inexpensive hand-held instrument, both power consumption and chip area must be minimized. A comparison between the Wien Bridge and the LC tank based oscillator is presented. Simulation results pertaining to the design of the different blocks of the circuit are made available.<br>text
Conference papers on the topic "Inverter-based linear variable transconductance"
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Sellers, Chris, and Larry Hawkins. "Development of a 350kW Marine Organic Rankine Power Module for Ship Waste Steam." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63026.
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Growing world trade, stiffening emissions requirements, and rising fuel prices are driving the marine industry to improve fuel utilization in large vessels. Exhaust steam boilers are a popular means of capturing energy from ship engine exhaust. The steam is used in various systems around the ship from laundry services to the fresh water generator. However, in most cases the supply outstrips the demand, and energy from un-used steam is dumped into the ocean. Calnetix Technologies is developing a marine based Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) designed to produce 350 kW gross power from un-used ship steam. The ORC will operate with sat urated steam at 8 Bar G and 175 °C and cooling sea water at 25 °C. The additional power will be used to offset the fuel demand from onboard diesel generators. This results in a significant fuel savings as well as lowered emissions. The ORC is comprised of a closed loop system with R245fa refrigerant as the working fluid. A pump is used to move the working fluid around the loop and increase its pressure into the evaporator. The high pressure refrigerant is vaporized using heat from the ship’s steam. The refrigerant then passes through a radial turbine where work is extracted and converted into electricity. Low pressure refrigerant is cooled and condensed by sea water, and then pumped back around the loop. This paper will focus on the design of the ORC’s integrated power module which is comprised of a high speed radial turbine, variable speed motor/generator, active magnetic bearings, and backup bearings. A high frequency, bidirectional inverter is used to operate the radial turbine at high speed (25,000 RPM.) This allows the turbine to reach an isentropic efficiency of 0.88. The PM bias active magnetic bearing system allows the turbine/rotor combination to operate without the need for lubricating oil and with minimal friction. This reduces the required maintenance and drastically improves the life span of the unit compared to using conventional bearings. An over-hung turbine design was chosen due to the high operating temperatures of the cycle. Cooling of the stator will be accomplished using a cooling water jacket. Cooling of the rotor will be accomplished by a cooled gas stream generated from a throttling process of the IPM inlet fluid and heat rejection via a heat exchanger. Various analyses will be presented including calculation of the turbine isentropic efficiency, rotor/stator thermal analysis, component stress analysis, and linear system dynamics for the rotor and magnetic bearing system.