Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Investissements étrangers – Chine – 1970-'
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Hu, Ying. "L'impact de la distribution géographique des investissements directs étrangers sur le développement de l'économie régionale en Chine." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0164.
Full textAt the end of 70s of last Century, China opened its economy and began to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). The constant inflow of FDI has been playing an important role in the fast economic growth of China. China has thus become one of the most popular investment destinations of FDI. However, the FDI is not distributed equally among the Chinese regions. Most of them have entered into the coastal region of the east. Not only the western and central regions have received much less FDI than their eastern counterpart, but also the gap in terms of economic development between the three big Chinese regions continues to grow. A research on the geographical distribution of the FDI in China could be helpful in better understanding one of the important reasons of the regionaI economic development disparity of China. This dissertation is a research of economic development of the eastern, western and central regions of China from the point of uneven distribution of the FDI with a combining of two subjects: the unbalanced distribution of FDI and the regional development in China
Tehrani, Saghi. "Les stratégies de pénétration du marché chinois par les entreprises étrangères : après les réformes de 1978." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010002.
Full textChina initiated its reform process in 1978. While maintaining the overall framework of predominant public ownership, china adopted a policy of opening up trade and investment links with the rest of the world. China has unquastionably made considerable progress in reforming its economy but china's economy is still prone to sharp ups and downs. Human rights abuses, political uncertainties, a get rich - quick mentality, corruption, the lack of legal procedures. . . , all these and more raise caution and great obstacles for foreign businesses. How far china would go with its "open up" strategy and what are the implications for the futur investment strategy?
Chen, Haijuan. "Les traités bilatéraux d'investissement conclus par la Chine." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010291.
Full textDémurger, Sylvie. "Ouverture et croissance : le cas de la République populaire de Chine." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010052.
Full textAt the end of the 70s the people's republic of China launched a reform and opening up process which led it to develop its external relationships and induced large benefits, among which a dramatic economic growth. This thesis focuses on the mechanisms which can explain the link between the chinese open-door policy and its impressively high economic growth. In order to give the analytical framework necessary to understand the enjeux and the mechanisms of the shift of china towards a market economy, it first examines the characteristics of the chinese growth in a long term perspective and proposes a panorama of the changes which occurred since the end of the 70s. It then presents a theoretical framework of the relationship between openness and growth which enables to examine the channels and the modalities through which international trade, either in goods or in technologies, may play a leading role in the growth process of an economy. It also develops a model of endogenous growth which highlights a dynamics between foreign investment and economic growth and which is used in the empirical analysis conducted in the last part of the thesis. The latter gives an explanation of the economic growth of chinese provinces based on one hand, on the dynamics between foreign investment and growth and, on the other hand, on a dynamics due to the geographical propagation of growth itself. The study of growth at a provincial level enables to identify the inflow of foreign capital, through the channel for technology transfer, as a main driving element in the chinese growth process. This analysis is finally completed with an evaluation of the interdependence of growth between chinese provinces and, within provinces, between cities. This last step allows to describe growth propagation phenomena and thus to give a complementary view of the chinese growth process
Dées, Stéphane. "Compétitivité, investissement direct étranger et croissance : le succès économique chinois expliqué par la politique d'ouverture (1978-1998)." Bordeaux 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR40022.
Full textThis study shows then the merits of the development strategy chosen by china. The 'open door' policy implemented by deng xiaoping in 1978 has allowed china to benefit from technology transfer necessary to technical progress growth. During the 1980s, this transfer was realised through the imports of manufactured goods, machinery and equipment. Knowing the role of fdi in the foreign technology acquisition, the chinese authorities have led an exchange rate policy based on the undervaluation of the yuan from the end of the 1980s. In addition to the creation of current surpluses, this undervaluation has attracted fdi inflows coming from the mncs motivated by the weak relative costs that china proposed. These huge fdi inflows came mostly from the asian nics. The east asian mncs have relocated their production in china, not to reach an expending market, but to benefit from these weak costs in order to re-export, after transformation in china, products that have been previously imported. Even if these fdi inflows were not technology intensive, they allow china to acquire knowledge proper to market economies, mainly in the management and the use of resources. This strategy has then been limited to foreign trade and fdi. Based on the absence of capital account openness, china has protected itself from the open economy sensitivity to short term capital flows (particularly speculative). This choice is justified by the specificity of the chinese economic system. China was face to the following problem : how to open the economy toward the rest of the world with a financial system which is inoperative ? By limiting its openness to foreign trade and long term capital, china has benefited from the positive effects of openness on economic development (via the stimulation of technology transfer) without suffering from contagion risk after any problem on the neighbour's financial markets
Guerassimoff-Pina, Carine. "L'Etat chinois et les communautés chinoises d'outre-mer." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE0011.
Full textZhao, Yanhai. "L'insertion de la Chine dans la mondialisation, les flux d'investissements directs étrangers et la disparité économique régionale en Chine." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771885.
Full textLiu, Ke Fu. "Les investissements étrangers en Chine." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010252.
Full textTens years ago china opened its doors to foreign investors and began elaboration an legal system concerning the foreign investment. Today, china has legislation on joint ventures, foreign compagnies, resident representative offices, exploitation of maritime petroleum ressources, exchange controls, taxes. China has also signed during this times, some treaties with others countries concerning the protection of investment, treaties for avoiding double impositions. A number of contractual pratices have also been created. This these examine the institutional system and the legal system of foreign investment in china, including, the administ rative structures, the different types of foreign investment, the taxes, the control of changes and disputes regulation
Chen, Qixu. "Répartition géographique des investissements directs étrangers en Chine." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661014.
Full textSong, Liwei. "Assurance et garantie des investissements étrangers en Chine." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010264.
Full textThrough out China's contemporary history, foreign investment has lived a veritable vicissitude in China. The legal protection of foreign investment, both in chinese domestic and international law began in the late 1970s. Under chinese domestic law, the autonomy of the laws concerning foreign investment put foreigners in a privileged and as well as a restrictive position. Under international law, the chinese practice gradually moved towards international customs , especially concerning the specificity of foreigners' treatment. The protection against political risk both in domestic and international law is a particularly important aspect in a country like China
Phan, Nhay. "Les investissements étrangers en Chine : aspects juridiques et évolution." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010260.
Full textPost-maoist china is now engaged along the road of reform and openness, diametrically opposed to former revolutionary impulsiveness. A considerable effort has been made to build a "socialist legality", and at the same time a special branch of law has been created destined to encourage foreign investment and technologies. The chinese foreign investment law thus formed is characterised by the coexistence of two legal systems : the general regime defines the limits of the investments and the treatment of the investors; the special regime reserves the most daring solutions for investors who implant themselves in economic zones of a particular constitution. The study attemps to define those rules with their tendancies, while emphasizing the numerous problems faced by china in sucessfully conducting its present policies. The analyses are based on abundant readings in the field - particularly chinese publications - and completed by inquiries conducted in china. They are followed by an exhaustive presentation of statistics, synopts tables, texts and legal documents
Juang, Hsiao-Jan. "Droit des investissements directs étrangers : le cas de la Chine." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC0035/document.
Full textThis study aims to give a general overview of the historical development, particularisms and main issues of the positive law of foreign direct investment, by looking at different areas of law, ranging from the history of law to the very content of foreign investment law, and through dispute settlement mechanisms for foreign investment. An exegetical study of laws and regulations on foreign investments is a necessary step for the understanding of the legal regime of foreign direct investment, but its knowledge of the law is not sufficient for an investor to succeed in his investment.Its development is undeniably linked to the elements of the political, cultural, social and economic aspects of the country. From the promotion of Marxist values of the Soviet system under the Mao Zedong period, to the adoption of legal pragmatism under the direction of Deng Xiaoping; from the policy of the planned economy to the market economy. In forty years, the government was able to create an entire legal system from almost nothing. However, the speed of legislative work is by no means a proof of its quality. Indeed, in order to catch up with the legal systems of the economically developed countries, the government had to implement foreign solutions, without carrying out any in-depth adaptation or harmonization work, thus reducing the value and the effectiveness of the law.Initially, the foreign direct investment law consisted only of three separate laws and their implementing regulations : Sino-Foreign EJV Law and its Implementing Regulation, the WFOE Law and its Implementing Regulation, and Sino-Foreign CJV and its Implementing Regulation. This was then competed by other laws and regulations, each governing only one specific form of foreign-invested enterprise.Litigation is part of everyday life which allows the legislator to measure the efficiency of justice within a State. Despite the fact that litigation is the ultimate means of testing the effectiveness a legal system, it is only a last resort, especially in states such as China, in which its history demonstrates a constant preference for alternative modes of dispute resolution to the detriment of contentious proceedings.After three decades of reform, China has become an integral part of the international scene. As a result, its practice of resolving disputes is increasingly aligned with international standards. The quest for effective dispute resolution is now similar to that of other Western states: ideally a dispute must be resolved in the short time frame, at a low cost and with as little stress as possible, but with an acceptable result.It is therefore essential to constantly follow legal news. Indeed, the two recent catalogs (2015 and 2017) illustrate a liberalizing trend of the national market by opening more sectors to foreign investments, and by introducing a system close to the "negative list". And the 2016 Reform replaced the authorization procedure for foreign direct investment projects with a simple registration system. While these recent developments have provided solutions to existing difficulties, due to the number of flaws in substantive law, a thorough reform is needed. The Draft Law on Foreign Investment, published by the Ministry of Commerce in 2015 for public commentary, has the potential to erase all the flaws of the current regime. However, despite the promises made by the government, its future remains very uncertain at the moment
Xie, Hanqi. "La protection en Chine des droits et intérêts légitimes des entreprises à capitaux mixtes ou entièrement étrangers." Grenoble 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE21011.
Full textSystematic study of the main issues concerning protection of joint companies and overseas owned companies in china. It endeavours to demonstrate, through various points of view (description, analysis and comparison), the extent and the limits of the legitimate rights of western investors, specificities of the j. C. And o. O. C. , positive aspects and gaps of the chinese law in this matter, possible misunderstandings caused by the divergence of political and juridical conceptions between communist and western world and remedies which could incidentally be used. In short, it tries to estimate if china offers sufficient and encouraging protection to western investors who are established or intend to settle themselves in china
De, Boysson Monique. "Essai sur les entreprises à capitaux mixtes sino-étrangers." Angers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ANGE0013.
Full textWe analyse the party’s situation in the contracts of Chinese-foreign equity joint venture, compared with the state's intervention by its administration. If we can note that the strength of the contracts and the parties decision are considered to take an important place in the contractual situation and if both are limited by the power of the administration, we demonstrate that the development of the laws and regulations is a third element that must also have been considered as essential for a few time. We study these considerations through the company, fiscal and social laws, and regulations, and through the commercial aspects, during birth, life, and death of the Chinese foreign equity joint venture
Zhang, Yunchang. "Investissement étranger et développement en économie ouverte : le cas de la Chine." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100080.
Full textSince the beginning year of the 1990s, inflows of foreign investment to developing countries have increased rapidly. As a developing country as China has collected a mass foreign investment, particularly foreign direct investment due to the economic reform which orients the country to a market economy. A developing country can profit from the foreign investment, because it can relieve the difficulties of capital shortage, stimulate a rapid growth of its economy, improve the living standards of its people and raise the competitiveness of their firms either in domestic markets or in international markets. Nevertheless, some foreign investments may take some negative effects to the economy of a host country. . .
Zhang, Jian-Hua. "L'investissement direct international : la détermination moniste ou dualiste?" Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010020.
Full textSun, Tao. "Le droit chinois des entreprises à l'épreuve de la mondialisation." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010298.
Full textCombeau, Li Nuria. "Le régime des investissements internationaux et des transferts de technologie en République Populaire de Chine." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05D015.
Full textHe, Wei. "Study on the adjustment behaviour of investment strategy of multinational corporation in China : an empirical study in Shanghai." Grenoble 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE21031.
Full textSince the commencing of the economic reform in late 1970s, Chinese government has encouraged foreign investment and companies to participate in the country’s development. In the past two decades, most MNCs have experienced rapid growth in various industries, benefited a lot from the country's economic growth and meanwhile gained more and more experience as new policies created such opportunities, while there were also some cases exceptional. More than 400 of the Fortune 500 have extended their business into China and most of them have the intention to increase the investment. The convergence of numerous MNCs operating in China presents us a unique chance to examine the strategic adaptation ability of the MNCs' subsidiaries in China, which is supposed to provide certain strategic implications for managerial decision. This dissertation will examine the antecedents and consequences of strategic change in China Shanghai between 1996 and 2007. In the tenth Five-year Plan period, China's economy developed quickly, MNES strategy changed accordingly. The gross sum of FDI of MNEs in China yearly enlarged. Especially in Shanghai, it's more obvious. Many MNEs increased investment by a large margin. Chinese Government also sees FDI as a dominant importance. The MNES' strategy had undergone a major change in its competitive environment. The thesis firstly introduces research subject, implications, research main ideas and research methods. Then, in part 1, we analyze research findings achieved by foreign and Chinese scholars, and especially illustrate the history of MNEs and literature on MNEs activities, and then describe the literatures on the strategic management. Part 2 analyzes the investment strategies of MNEs in China and the development of China’s investment policy concerning the FDI, and then describes the background of the adjustment concerning the investment strategies of MNEs in China. Part 3 is an empirical research, and the thesis tries to build up a model on a macroeconomic level to study the investment strategy adjustment of MNES in Shanghai. Part 3 is the most important part. The thesis analyzes the investment adjustment of MNES in Shanghai based on the empirical analysis, and puts forward the conclusions of the study on the investment adjustment of MNES in Shanghai in different perspectives. At last, we demonstrate the obligating effects of different policies and put forward many proposals concerning the strategies adjustment of MNES. The main innovation idea is the empirical research concerning the investment strategy adjustment of MNES in Shanghai on a statistical and econometric basis
Pan, Lan. "Les partenariats internationaux en capital risque en Chine : spécificités, stratégies et conditions de viabilité." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE0047.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to analyze the behavior of foreign venture capitalists in China. We particularly examine whether these foreign venture capitalists have different behaviors from local venture capitalists and their counterparts in their original countries. We also consider their specific skills or capabilities and the significant specificities of the strategies which make their investments viable. Based on an empirical methodology and on the processing of two databases, this thesis shows that foreign venture capitalists adjust their investment strategies to local market conditions (especially in establishing the local networks, in orientating their investments to later-stage and/or to the companies which are not necessary in the high tech industries). These strategies also aim to reduce the investment risks by selecting the projects on the recommendation of a reliable third-party, by syndicating theirs investments in riskier projects (for example, high tech companies or start-ups), or by communicating regularly with their portfolio companies. Besides, these foreign venture capitalists bring their skills accumulated from their experience (especially in evaluation of new business ideas and models, in business development and in corporate governance) in order to improve their investments’ viability
Zhang, Jin. "Investissements étrangers en Chine : le cas des sociétés à capitaux mixtes (joint ventures) analyse du comportement des partenaires chinois et étrangers." Paris, ENMP, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENMP0031.
Full textDavant, Jérôme. "Les incidents liés à la protection juridique des investissements étrangers en Chine : effectivité des voies de recours." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10050.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to bring insights into the understanding of the evolution of business law in China and in particular on the tools of investment protection used by foreigners in this country. This paper analyses the events related to the protection of foreign investments as well as the efficiency of arbitrative solutions in the case of problems
Özyurt, Selin. "Croissance, productivité et les retombées positives de l’ouverture aux investissements directs étrangers et au commerce international en Chine." Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090024.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the issues associated with China’s rapid economic development and reform initiative over the past three decades. The study presents new empirical evidence which relies on comprehensive data sets and recently developed parametric methods. The major objective of the thesis is to provide a systematic and comprehensive analysis of China’s recent economic growth and productivity performances. The main focus is directed to the investigation of spillovers to Chinese economy arising from openness to foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade. The major findings of the study are: (i) Over the past three decades, physical capital accumulation has been the main driving force of China’s rapid economic growth, while productivity and technical efficiency gains have also contributed to economic growth; (ii) openness to FDI and international trade exert a positive impact on growth and productivity; (iii) the spatial econometric analyses highlight that regional dynamics and spatial interactions play a crucial role in the process of economic development
Zhao, Min. "Les stratégies des entreprises multinationales en Chine : analyses des conditions de succès et d'échec dans l'industrie automobile." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010038.
Full textDeslandres, Virginie, and Jean-Marc Deschandol. "Le regime juridique des investissements directs dans certains pays d'asie cas de la chine, de l'indonesie, de la malaisie, de taiwan, de la thailande et du vietnam." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05D006.
Full textUp to now, the wealth of researchs on international foreing direct investment (fdi) has let little room to the national legislations of host countries. Each country included in this study have adopted sophisticated and efficient promotional legislations. In the part devoted to the study of the general company law of each country, the authors set out a comparative classification of the main forms of companies available and compare the rules regarding the constitution, management and dissolution of companies. In the study of the specific legislation for companies with foreign investment, a panorama of different policies and regulations appears concerning the control and approval of fdi. Nonetheless, the long term trend seems to be of relaxation and for the countries concerned, the national legislations adopt a liberal stance toward foreign participation. In general, the national legislations provide more or less generous incentives for tax and customs duties and less publicized measures to support the companies with foreign investment in their operational activities (such as land use and labour legislation). As concluding remark, the authors admitted that if the overall positive role or encouraging legislation concerning fdi in the developing countries is still to be demonstrated, the outstanding success obtained by the asian countries in utilizing fdi should deserve a more acute interest for their national legislation
Dong, Qin. "Research on MNCs' Supply Chain Implementation in China. Contents, problems and Recommendations." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601747.
Full textMaurin, Cristelle. "Les investissements chinois dans l'industrie minière globale." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010325.
Full textChevalérias, Philippe. "La marche des firmes taiwanaises vers le continent chinois : 1987-1997." Paris, INALCO, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAL0001.
Full textThe paths taken by Taiwanese firms on the road to the Chinese Mainland have often been circuitous ones. This movement dates back to 1987 when the Nationalist government decided to relax restrictions on capital flows and to allow the island's citizens to visit their relatives on the Mainland. But it is also part of an overall trend, the development of Taiwan's economy. Furthermore, it occurred in a very special context, that of political opposition between Taipei and Peking. This resulted in two major consequences. Firstly, Taiwanese businessmen have always been trying to invest across the Strait without the knowledge of the island's authorities. Secondly, they have found themselves trapped in a political game the stakes of which sometimes outstrip their concern about the rise in production costs in Taiwan and the capture of new markets abroad. The first part of the thesis tries not only to specify the context in which Taiwanese investments on the Mainland expanded, but also to show the political and economic issues at stake. The second part focuses on the logic that pushes Taiwanese firms towards the Chinese Mainland. The third part on the one hand emphasizes the characteristics of Taiwanese firms, examining their investment strategies and their behaviour on the Mainland, and on the other hand attempts to ascertain the factors exerting an influence on the future of Taiwanese investments across the Strait
Lyou, Sun-Hyung. "Étude des accords relatifs à l’investissement international conclus par les États d’Asie de l’Est – Chine, Corée, Japon –." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020072.
Full textIn recent years, three states in East Asia – China, Korea and Japan – have steadily extended their networks of international investment agreements. This reflects the awareness of these three states regarding the importance of the protection of their investors. In 2012, China, Korea and Japan have concluded a trilateral investment agreement which illustrates their differences and similarities, and reflects their regional characteristic concerning the protection of international investments. This study analyses and examines the substantial provisions as well as procedural provisions in the international investment agreements of these three states in East Asia
Liu, Hong Liang. "L'ouverture de la Chine et ses impacts sur l'économie chinoise." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00873344.
Full textSodalo, Rosalie. "La recherche d'un équilibre entre l'investisseur chinois et l'Etat africain d'accueil de l'investissement." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010340.
Full textWestern media typically portrays Chinese presence in Africa unfavorably. Chinese are accused of impairing good governance, breaching local labour laws, and impeding the transfer of technologies. This PhD thesis examines these risks; including the Jack of transparency on the part of Chinese investors and the difficulties faced by African states in protecting their interests. Analysis of South African and Cameroonian legal systems shows that the degree of risk facing African countries depends greatly on local business laws. In addition, the thesis makes a point seldom raised in debates about China-Africa relations: Chinese direct investments need, more than western countries, to be secured. According to the author, this is for two reasons. Firstly, Sino-African legal and judiciary cooperation, compared to existing relationships between the West and Africa, is limited. Secondly, Chinese investments into Africa present unanticipated problems with private international law. Among others, determining applicable laws can be problematic in the event of a conflict between a Chinese investor and his African partner. In situations where risks are shared by both the Chinese investor and the African host state, the author addresses the limits of international investment law, as well as the failings of Sino-African bilateral investment treaties, and proposes solutions to balance the scales and mitigate risks
Gaudreault, Francis. "Étude des investissements directs étrangers sud-africains et chinois en Afrique : Les préférences politiques et les implications idéologiques." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29436/29436.pdf.
Full textXu, Lin. "Le droit des marchés publics en Chine : contribution au droit international." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE0017.
Full textThe sector of Chinese public markets has for a long time been considered a sanctuary, protected from any foreign incursion. Today, in order to respond to the demands of globalization, under the influence of international institutions such as the World Trade Organization, the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund, this sector is progressively transforming itself. Following China's membership of the WTO, two laws foreshadowing a future code of the Chinese public markets have been announced to address this. With respect to the stakes at play with such an openness, as much on the economic scale as political, the importance of a legal analysis of this mutation is naturally essential
Romanet, de Beaune Antoine de. "Les relations entre l'Egypte et ses partenaires économiques et financiers." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989IEPP0006.
Full textAfter 25 years of an almost permanent state of war (1948 to 1973), and of 18 years of state control on all levels under Nasser (1952-1970), Sadat's Egypt, weak and drained, decided to pursue a policy of peace and acceptance of western capital (1974). This economic and financial opening was indispensible for Egypt because insufficiencies in the productive system, widely nationalized, had necessitated a high level of importations, paid for mainly by currency coming from government bonds. However, this policy still remains primarily subjected to political considerations, just as earlier important and successive financial support from the exterior was. (it came from the Eastern block from 1967-1972; from Arab countries from 1973-1979; from the USA and Western countries since 1979. ) The process has led to a considerable growth in consummation--and imports--tied to increased international financing, while production and national exports, poorly managed, have made little progress. This situation has resulted in an artificial prosperity, and today the country is confronted with additional structural imbalances (a constant deficit in the balance of payments, foreign debts). Egypt is heading toward and economic and financial impasse. Faced with the apparent incapacity to reform itself, with its demographic upsurge, with the ascendancy of islam, and the strictures of the imf, Egypt now has an urgent need for continued western support. But just how long will it continue to be mutually acceptable ?
Nguyen, Thi My Dung. "Investissement direct étranger et productivité totale des facteurs en Asie du Sud-Est." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010013.
Full textRuan, Yehai. "Le cadre juridique de l'investissement direct étranger en Chine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1021.
Full textSince the economic reform and opening of China in 1978, Chinese economy continued to grow at a rapid pace. Foreign investment has played an important role in China’s economic development. China has become the second largest economy in the world. This positive result is based on the tax benefits of foreign investment and low cost of labor. Today, these benefits are less important. A foreign investor attaches more importance to the legal environment than labor costs and tax benefits. Following the gradual loss of political advantage and market in China, the competition in the investment environment, including the legal environment of the host country, will become an important measure to attract foreign investment. Also adjusting the system of the Chinese investment law is necessary and urgent. The law of foreign investment has two aspects: the protection and restriction of FIE. A perfect system of investment law implies a balance between these two aspects. In this thesis, we want to study the French law and international law in order to analyze the relationship between the restriction and protection of FIE in Chinese law. We do not propose, in this thesis, covering all areas of the investment law in China. Instead, we wish to clarify the influence of some of the most important factors in the matter
Li, Lin. "Aspects juridiques des investissements chinois en France dans le secteur du vin." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD010/document.
Full textFor historical reasons, China has a conservative and relatively closed legal culture. At the same time, the wine sector in France, seen as a national heritage, is also marked by strong conservatism. Moreover, western vitivinicultural practice hardly ever existed before its recent introduction in China. The Chinese investment in France in the wine sector was forced to break through a tunnel between two isolated worlds. During this particular process, legal risks and litigation arise due to legal surprises that may arise during the investment process. Faced with this problem, the written law seems insufficient, given the peculiarities of Chinese investment and the specificities of the wine sector. When these two particularities meet, new legal instruments are created. Specific practices for this purpose are "invented" by the parties involved, in order to eliminate the risks as well as possible litigations caused by the shortcomings of the written law
Muffat-Jeandet, Morgan. "Essai sur l’intensification des relations économiques entre la Chine et l’Amérique latine et les Caraïbes. Internationalisation des firmes chinoises, déterminants et modalités de leurs investissements directs au Mexique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA012/document.
Full textChinese footprint in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), as in other parts of the globe, has surged in the last fifteen years. Beyond the traditional drivers of this expansion from an economic perspective (securing resources and new markets), China represents a special partner for Latin-American countries because of grey lines delimiting public and private ownership, strict industrial policy and long-term development goals. Besides, regional discrepancies have appeared between South America, which benefited from the boom of Chinese demand for raw materials, and Mexico, which found itself in direct competition with China on different segments of his secondary sector, and whose integration dynamic in North America was deeply impacted by the growing shares of Chinese companies in the US market. Combining an extensive analysis of existing databases about foreign direct investments (FDI) from China in LAC and three original case studies of Chinese companies located in the manufacturing industry in Mexico, this dissertation shows unique features in these operations such as an accelerated growth path and relative adaptive skills to foreign environments. Nevertheless, the positive or negative externalities of Chinese FDI remain dependent upon the interactions between the institutional context of the host country and the companies’ strategies
Sun, Weimin. "La libéralisation du commerce des services en Chine après l'adhésion à l'OMC." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010295.
Full textBen, Abed Jalila. "Présence étrangère - Productivité - Salaire : tests économétriques sur données individuelles temporelles des industries manufacturières en Tunisie." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0088.
Full textWe evaluate impact of foreign presence on productivity and wage levels in the Turusian manufacturing sectors. A production function model is developed using a panel data set. Two statistical models: Hausman and Taylor (198 1) and system GMM were used. Our estimates have confirmed that FDI plays a positive role in increasing industrial productivity, implying that the government should increase their efforts to encourage inward investment. A more intensive foreign presence in a local labor market does not seem to be associated with levels of higher wages in domestic enterprises
Zhou, Jiaqi. "Les évolutions dans les banques chinoises après l'introduction de leur investisseur stratégique étranger." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30017.
Full textThe opening of the Chinese bank sector brings co-operation opportunities to the foreign financial institutions in China. In this context, the foreign banks take part by holding stock in Chinese banks to strengthen their local development.We have noticed the influences on the Chinese banks after the introduction of their western strategic investors. Our research as a whole aims at analyzing and at evaluating the key elements of the evolution in Chinese banks. The assumptions are formulated around the principal problems of the Non Performing Loans, the low profitability, the insufficiency of the capital and the lack of the culture of credit. These four tracks of reflexion enable us to offer an operational framework for the leaders of the foreign banks which wish to play an important part in the improvement of their Chinese partner
Yeh, Chi-Jen. "Entrée, I. D. E. Et dynamique de marché dans la perspective de l'économie géographique : le cas de l'industrie manufacturière taïwanaise." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0652.
Full textNos études ne sont pas destinées à contribuer à des théories de l'économie. Nous avons documenté immenses cohortes des entreprises industrielles se déplacent d'une région vers une autre région à travers des études statistiques contenant un grand nombre d'entreprises et des modèles statistiques qui sont spécifiquement conçus pour les études. Cette série d'études caractérise un processus de grande échelle de la sortie des entreprises et de l'IED dans le secteur manufacturier de Taïwan et les considérations stratégiques des entreprises. Avec à l'esprit les milieux historiques et économiques étaient, d'abord, l'ouverture de la Chine sur le monde dans le processus de mondialisation et, deuxièmement, les échanges et les investissements entre Taïwan et la Chine dans le processus d'intégration régionale de l'Asie de l'Est. Pour résumer, trois implications significatives peuvent être tirées de cette série d'études: Premièrement, des activités d'entrée et de sortie devrait être étudiée dans une portée d’économie ouverte. Deuxièmement, exiters pourrait être les investisseurs d'IED importants et de ne pas être nécessairement les échecs de fait. L'échelle de production ne peut pas être aussi importante que la sagesse conventionnelle serait indiquer dans la discussion de l'IED. Dernièrement, en aucun cas minimum, les changements dans la structure industrielle ainsi que dans la structure économique peuvent étudier plus appropriés dans la perspective de la Géographie Économique
Bokilo, Julien. "La stratégie de l'enracinement et ses conséquences sur le développement en Afrique, le cas de la Chine au Congo." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0111.
Full textThe transition, from an economic system based on autarky and central planning to a market system, has turned China into a communist country capitalism oriented, in which coexist billionaires and hundreds of thousands of laborers. To run this massive economic engine, China has developed and deployed a local implementation strategy in the African continent (as it provides access to raw materials) and has introduced this new collaboration as equally beneficial for each partner, in the words "win-win". The following report proposes to analyze the relevance of this economic exchange in the context of South-South asymmetric cooperation, bringing special focus on the case of Congo - Brazzaville since 1964. The ambition of this study is, on the one hand, to help the leaders of developing countries to improve their economic cooperation with developed or emerging countries and, on the other hand, to contribute to the debate on asymmetric exchange and its dynamics in economic cooperation between rich and poor countries. The challenge is to demonstrate the asymmetrical nature of trade between China and Africa and, particularly in the case of Congo, to point out the discriminating factor of the exchange: the lack of technology transfer and service clauses in most of the agreements and contracts signed between the Congo and China - while China imposes these specific clauses in the contracts signed with deve10ped countries, as in the purchase of Airbus aircraft. We will strive to understand how the transfer of technology influence the cooperation between the countries, bearing in mind that in the era of globalization, technology should play a major role in economic exchange
Eka, Fred. "La contribution de la Chine au développement économique des pays d' Afrique Sub Saharienne." Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU2035/document.
Full textOver the past 15 years, the Sino-African relationship has profoundly changed the African continent, which many Western governments have abandoned. Central Africa has many commodities including oil, copper, cobalt and iron ore. Many, including some African, suspect what they consider to be a neo-colonial landholding, in which the Chinese state illustrated through its 2,200 companies, extract minerals in return for infrastructure.Nevertheless, there is a consensus that the Chinese presence has mainly benefited Africa. A few figures illustrate the change. In 2000, trade between China and Africa was only $ 10 billion. By 2014, this has increased more than 20 times to $ 220 billion, according to the China Africa Research Initiative at the School of International Studies. An interest that is reflected by the presence of Chinese actors, public and private, more and more numerous, precisely in the direct investments (stocks of 10 to 45 billion dollars), according to the sources.Yet there is anxiety about the rise of Chinese influence. Several political leaders are concerned that Africa has recently shifted to the trade deficit with China. African governments are so indebted to China that they could cause economic dependence on the future of their countries.My research explores the impact of China on the economic development of SSA countries. The aim is to show how the countries of Central Africa, notably CEMAC, which lag behind other regions of SSA must use the complex changes in the Chinese economy to boost their economic growth and boost their development and attract foreign investors, job creators and a major player in the dynamization and industrialization of territories. We analyzed and compared the choice of the mode of location of Chinese and French greenfield IDEs in Central Africa. Our results show the decisive role of the main trading potential driving the strategies of internationalization of Chinese firms in Central Africa
Tumi, Salaheddin. "Les déterminants des IDE et leur impact sur la croissance économique dans les pays en développement. Le cas des pays du Maghreb et du Moyen-Orient." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030021.
Full textThe quest for progress towards economic development in the countries of the South has increased competition between these nations in the last two decades, as they each try to attract the largest volume of FDI. This competition has become a race to the bottom due to the increased difficulties in obtaining credit. Many developing countries have attempted to attract FDI. Some have been less successful than others, in this regard; however this did not prevent a second group of countries undertaking the same policy. The decision makers seem to be convinced that FDI is the engine of development and the main question in this thesis is to better understand the phenomenon of FDI, its mechanisms and determinants. The second question is an assay to establish a link between FDI and economic growth. Our work classifies countries into five zones with an emphasis on the Maghreb and the Middle East. We show that to be attractive for FDI; a country should be politically stable, with adequate infrastructure, effective institutions and an educated population. Natural resources and bilateral investment treaties are decisive factors for the attraction of FDI. In addition, there are biases specific to certain regions. The Maghreb and the Middle East suffer from negative biases that are preventing this zone from attracting FDI. We try to explain and analyze the causes of this limited volume of FDI received. On the link FDI-growth, we found that FDI does not begin to have a positive effect on growth until there is a certain threshold level of human capital in the population
Yang, Wen. "Internationalisation des entreprises chinoises." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA048.
Full textSince the implementation of the policy of reform and opening, China has a great success in attracting foreign investment. It has become the third largest investor country. Chinese FDI are distributed in most of the world's countries and regions. The sectorial distribution is increasingly expanded. There are various decisive factors of the internationalization of Chinese enterprises, as China's economic growth, the development strategy and overall business integration, the search for new markets, for creative assets, etc. The Chinese companies have their own competitive advantages, such as the technologies, the resources from the origin country. Chinese companies do their choices of internationalization models based on their strategies, their stages of development, their motivations and their international organization skills. The different problems are shown and analyzed by a case study of YTO France
Mani, Pierre Eric. "Internationalisation de la recherche-developpement dans les pays émergents et cycle de l'investissement étranger dans les pays émergents : le cas de la Chine, du Brésil, de l'Inde et de l'Afrique du Sud." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE0001/document.
Full textThis research report deals with the subjects of the extension of foreign investments into emerging countries. the particularity nowaday is the internationalisation of strategic activity such as R&D. Many inquiries can be rise since, multinational technology activities are not anymore limited to simple adaptation activity. Emerging countries like China are emplementing their own technology trajectories, so as to attract more and more foreign R&D. This has to do with a change in the behavior of the foreign multinational because the conventional model not only cannot predict the internationalisation of R&D into emerging countries, but even when it does so, it assumes that the suitable technology activies into emerging countries are those limited to adapt home technology. I explain foreign multinational behavior by extending HEWITT (1981) model of internationalisation of R&D. I found that most of the R&D going to emerging countries is for development and adaptation. But the question still remains to know why some multinationals are extending their innovative activities into emerging countries and create regional innovation hubs (choosing one country to play the role of main regional innovation hub). I assume that multinational are both technology exploiting and technology explorer, their motivation are more than sharing their technology with emerging countries, but they aim at exploring technology opportunities in other for them to differentiate and innovate and stay a breath of what the competition is doing. In this part the research all the statistics and indicators show that China is playing the leading role with a technology trajectory above those of the three others countries. This seems to explain why China instead of India is the most attractive destination of foreign investment in production and in R&D
Cubizol, Damien. "Capital misallocation in emerging economies : the origins, the impacts, and a focus on the chinese case." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2086.
Full textThis thesis deepens the distortions and frictions creating the misallocation of capital in emerging economies, that is, an heterogeneous capital accumulation between private and public sectors, excessive savings rates (both household and corporate), and the slowdown of investment in certain sectors.The first chapter shows, through a dynamic general equilibrium model comprising various types of firms, that in the Chinese economy, the allocation of household savings to State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) by the banking system has domestic and international consequences.First, this allocation explains to a large extent the configuration of capital flows in China: despite its high total factor productivity growth, China observes an accumulation of foreign reserves while inward Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) are massive. Moreover, by channeling household savings toward SOEs, this allocation of capital also explains, in the model, the drop in consumption (which is a current major issue of the Chinese transition). Additional frictions are introduced in the model, such as privatization, capital expropriation, moral hazard and capital controls, which have a significant effect on the emergence of the Chinese economy’s imbalances.The second chapter focuses on the key distortion at the origin of the capital misallocation in the Chinese economy, the credit bias in favor of SOEs, and extends the study to the other emerging economies by analyzing the effect on inward FDI. The work is empirical, with global and sectoral approaches, relying on different methodologies applied to two samples of emerging economies. The increase in credit distribution to SOEs, to the detriment of private firms, slows the increase in inward FDI, specifically in manufacturing sectors. Indeed, the latter have a high external financial dependence and the share of private firms is larger than in tertiary sectors.So as to correct the imbalances that are analyzed in the theoretical framework of the first chapter, the third chapter proposes a fiscal system that is constituted of heterogeneous taxes between the different types of firms in China (SOEs, private domestic and foreign firms), and of taxes on household incomes and loan repayments. These reforms aim at decreasing the overinvestment of most firms, enhancing consumption, and maximizing welfare. Certain reforms include a higher taxation of state-owned firms, which leads to a reallocation of the labor force toward private domestic and foreign firms. Moreover, the adjustment of production factor costs (labor and capital) between private an public sectors, and between domestic and foreign firms, is necessary for certain reforms applied in this model. These reforms that increase consumption and reduce the investment rate bring welfare benefits to households, and the readjustment of the external financial position is not necessary to the domestic rebalancing of the economy. Finally, the thesis ends with an extension of the previous model, which includes nominal rigidities and heterogeneous consumption taxes across home and foreign goods during the reforms that increase the consumption ratio
Worack, Stephan. "Indigenous invention, M&A, and international collaboration : essays on China's rise to innovation." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E054.
Full textThe subject of this doctoral thesis revolves around the analysis of China’s policies, foreign direct investment, and international collaboration with regard to innovation. Chapter one, co-written with Ilja Rudyk, explores the rise of Chinese inventions in Europe, China’s innovation policies, and assesses their effect with regard to domestic ownership in strategic technologies through the lens of European patent data. Further, our methodology allows for an assessment of effects of the policies on characteristics of the patents, reflecting their quality. Chapter two, joint work with Anthony Howell and Jia Lin, investigates the effects of Chinese cross-border mergers and acquisitions on the domestic innovation activities and financial performance of the firms engaging in such foreign direct investment. The third chapter addresses the relationship between international collaboration and patent quality through an analysis of Chinese patent applications in Europe. It investigates the pattern of Chinese international co-inventions in Europe and scrutinizes the role cross-border co-invention play for the quality of Chinese overseas patent applications. It thereby contributes to the understanding of China’s internationalization and technological catch-up
Côté, Geneviève. "Les investissements étrangers directs en Chine : vers un équilibre entre la protection des investisseurs et la protection du marché chinois." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2360.
Full textForeign direct investments (FDI), a sustainable transfer of capital from one country to an enterprise formed or operated by the foreign investor on the territory of the host country are very important for the economic development at an international level. China has made FDI a top priority for its open door policy. Given the importance of FDI, international organisations such as the World trade organization are attempting to put in place a convention to deal with FDI. The negotiating positions are hard to reconcile but China has adopted, since its accession to the WTO in 2001, the role of the intermediary between the developed and the developing worlds. International law as weil as the political and cultural backgrounds of China, have an important impact on intemallaws regarding FDI. By analyzing Chinese laws on FDI it is possible to determine the level of protection granted to FDI and to the Chinese market, this second element having a direct impact on a discriminatory treatment of foreign investors in China. Rules regarding the sectors of activities, the corporate structures available to FDI and the laws regarding contracts necessary for the business operations essentially have for objective the protection of the Chinese market and consèquently, have for effect to discriminate FDI. In contrast, tax legislation applicable to FDI has a positive impact granting them preferential treatments in conjunction with geographic zones or sectors of activities and thus also has the effect of responding to China's commercial and development imperatives. Although legislation pertaining to FDI in China may appear complete, laws must be applied properly in order to have their expected effects on the treatment of FDI. Because of many factors such as the cultural background of China, there is no rule of law in China; relationships are still very important and laws come second. Consequently, the laws and regulations, even if many of them have the objective of protecting the market, fail to protect the FDI properly on the Chinese territory. Our conclusion is that protection granted to FDI is insufficient although it is improving rapidly and the treatment of FDI is in many cases still discriminatory in order to protect the Chinese market. It seems that the protection of the investors and the protection of the Chinese market have yet to reach a balance.
"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en droit, option droit commercial". Ce mémoire a été accepté à l'unanimité et classé parmi les 10% des mémoires de la discipline.