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1
Papaskua, G. T. "Crowdfunding: The Concept, Types and Risks." Actual Problems of Russian Law 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2021.128.7.077-085.
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The paper is devoted to the study of the essence of crowdfunding as an innovative mechanism of investment activity. The author studies the peculiarities of collective investing, analyzes the process of the formation of crowdfunding as a particular case of a broader phenomenon – crowdsourcing, examines the types of crowdfunding (crowdrewarding, crowdinvesting, crowdlending), examines statistical data characterizing the development of crowdfunding relations in Russia and abroad, highlights the risks associated with crowdfunding. According to the author, the peculiarities of crowdfunding are related to the fact that it is, on the one hand, a form of collective investment activity, and on the other hand, a form of crowdsourcing. It involves the investment of insignificant (as compared with the total required amount) funds, aimed at financing projects at the early stages of implementation (start-ups). One of the participants in the crowdfunding relationship is an intermediary between the investor and the recipient of investments – an investment platform. The purpose of investment may be togenerate income, as well as other benefits, in particular goods, priority access to an innovative product, discounts, or the achievement of a socially useful result.
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., Alfiana, Ervina CM Simatupang, and Ita Borshalina. "Investment Portfolio of Pension Funds: Regulation and Implementation." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.34 (December 13, 2018): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23900.
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This study determines which pension fund investments affect the return of investment in the pension fund industry. This research is an explanatory research conducted using multiple regression with data from the monthly pension fund statistics for the March 2015 to June 2018 period. The results show that of the 19 investments that the pension fund industry can make, there are still 2 types of investments that have not yet been made and 3 types of investments exceeding the limit specified allocation. In this study, only government bonds and land investments have a positive effect on return of investment while land and building investments have a negative effect. The results of this study indicate that the regulations do not have an impact on changing the type and allocation of investment in the pension fund industry, and is still dominated by certain investments that do not have an influence on the profitability of the pension fund industry which is measured by return of investment. Therefore, further studies are needed. This study is useful for (1) the pension fund industry to be able to apply investment portfolio theory regarding the types and allocations of investments and start new types of investment that are permitted (2) for financial services authorities (financial services authority) in order to arrange regulations regarding the type and allocation of investment.
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Garanina, S. A., and E. O. Zhuravleva. "Investment funds: types and advantages." Trends in the development of science and education 59, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-03-2020-35.
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Djulius, Horas, Choi Wongyu, J. Juanim, and Raeni Dwi Santy. "Nexus of Foreign Direct Investment, Domestic Investment, and Manufacturing Industry Value Added in Indonesia." Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi 8, no. 1 (March 10, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v8i1.9520.
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The development of the manufacturing industry is one of the standards for Indonesia's development as a developing country. Domestic investment (DI) and foreign direct investment (FDI) can meet investment needs in this industry. This paper focuses on the nexus of the two types of investment in meeting investment needs in the manufacturing industry and the influence of those investments in relatively capital-intensive and relatively labor-intensive industrial groups. The aim is to evaluate the role of both types of investments and their benefits to the economy not only to the value-added but also in transferring technology and knowledge spillover from FDI to DI. The panel data regression was first to do to observe the differences between groups of relatively capital-intensive industrial samples and relatively labor-intensive industrial samples. The comparison results show that there are significant differences between the two industry groups so that it can be regressed on these two sample types, apart from the regression of the overall sample. The overall sample found that both FDI and DI influence the value-added of the manufacturing industry.
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Pereira, Alfredo Marvao, and Rui Manuel Pereira. "On the Effects of Infrastructure Investment on Economic Performance in Ontario." Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 2, no. 2 (November 7, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v2i2.839.
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Over the past decade, Ontario has seen a renewal in efforts to stimulate economic growth by investing in infrastructures. In this paper, we analyze the impact of public infrastructure investment on economic performance in this province. We use a multivariate dynamic time series methodological approach, based on the use of vector autoregressive models to estimate the elasticities and marginal products of six different types of public infrastructure assets on private investment, employment and output. We find that all types of public investment crowd in private investment while investment in highways, roads, and bridges crowds out employment. We also find that all types of public investment, with the exception of highways, roads and bridges, have a positive effect on output. The relatively large range of results estimated for the impact of each of the different public infrastructure types suggests that a targeted approach to the design of infrastructure investment policy is required. Infrastructure investment in transit systems and health facilities display the highest returns for output and the largest effects on employment and labor productivity. In terms of the nature of the empirical results presented here it would be important to highlight the fact that investments in health infrastructures as well as investments in education infrastructures are of great relevance. This is a pattern consistent with the mounting international evidence on the importance of human capital for long term economic performance.
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Yelnikova, Yuliia Vasylivna. "RESPONCIBLE INVESTMENT STRATEGIES: REGIONAL AND TYPES GLANCE." Scientific bulletin of Polissia, no. 3(19) (2019): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2019-3(19)-49-55.
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Urgency of the research. The importance of exploring approaches to identifying and disseminating responsible investment strategies is determined by the need to find tools to fund the Sustainable Development Goals at the global level. Target setting. The issues of identification of responsible investment strategies and especially their dissemination become relevant with the reduction of the effectiveness of traditional approaches to investing in modern conditions. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. I. Vasylchuk, M. Delini, D. Leus, O. Muzychenko, T. Romanyok, I. Shkura and others study a range of responsible investment strategies. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Pluralism of approaches to defining the list of strategies for responsible investment in the works of scientists in comparison with clear approaches of international organizations necessitates their detailing. The research objective. The article aims to conduct a comparative and structural-dynamic analysis of the spread of responsible investment strategies in the world and in the regional context. The statement of basic materials. The expediency of applying approaches to the identification of responsible investment strategies of the Global Alliance for Sustainable Investment is substantiated. The author summarizes the structural and dynamic characteristics of responsible investment strategies at the global and regional levels. The existence of regional differentiation of responsible investment strategies has been established. Conclusions. Comparative analysis of approaches to defining the strategies of reputable organizations in this area, in particular the Global Alliance for Sustainable Investment, EuroSIF and USSIF, Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI), the European Fund and Asset Management Association (EFAMA) allowed us to conclude that there are 7 most significant investment strategies. Dynamic characteristics of these strategies indicate a significant increase in their volume during the analyzed 6-year period for all types of strategies
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Andersson, Lisa. "Operationalising social investment: from policy dimensions to ideal-types." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 34, no. 2 (June 2018): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2018.1465446.
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AbstractSocial investment in Europe has primarily been measured by studying expenditure data from specific categories of social policy. This article argues that we need a more nuanced way of studying the presence of social investment, and develops a tool for measuring the ideational content of social investment in policy regulations. By operationalising three key policy dimensions of social investment; time, distribution and policy coherence, varying approaches of social investment are discerned, landing in the development of three ideal types: a strict social investment, a targeted social investment and a reactive social investment. To demonstrate its application, the social investment ideal-types are applied to cases of policies for unemployed youth in different European countries. The operationalisation and ideal types presented in this article provide a structure and nuance to the understanding and measuring of social investment, aiding in the further debate on its pros, cons and presence in European social policy.
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Rym, T. "CONCEPTS AND TYPES OF INVESTMENT IN CONSTRUCTION." “International Humanitarian University Herald. Jurisprudence”, no. 38 (2019): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2307-1745.2019.38.20.
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Fesenko, O. M. "CONCEPTS AND TYPES OF ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTMENT REGIMES." Law Bulletin 2, no. 11 (2019): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32850/2414-4207.2019.11-2.16.
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Kryshtak, I. V. "TYPES OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES IN UKRAINE." Juridical scientific and electronic journal, no. 12 (2021): 164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2021-12/38.
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Zhuravlev, Pavel A., and Artur M. Marukyan. "Substantiation of projected costs of investment and construction projects." Vestnik MGSU, no. 12 (December 2020): 1693–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2020.12.1693-1707.
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Introduction. Investment value assessment, investment decision making, and successful implementation of investment and construction projects at all stages of their life cycles depend on high-quality feasibility studies focused on budget investments. The purpose of the work is to substantiate budget investments (calculation of the estimated (marginal) cost) by means of modeling and ensuring the compliance between the cost of similar types of work at other construction facilities and requested capacity values or types of work specified in design assignments or preliminary project documentation packages.
Materials and methods. The co-authors analyzed the technical requirements and conditions affecting pre-project solutions (engineering studies), as well as the feasibility and expediency of the project implementation. The calculation of projected (marginal) project costs performed to substantiate budget investments in accordance with established administrative/territorial, organizational, technical and technological pre-design solutions and alternative engineering options, is implemented by means of modeling the costs to be incurred and assignments fulfilled at a similar construction facility.
Results. Budget investments are substantiated by the analysis of the estimated (marginal) cost, performed on the basis of cost parameters and types of works performed at a similar construction facility and with regard for the features and requirements set in the design assignment and pre-project documentation.
Conclusions. The significance of the research project consists in the practical application of the process of modeling the cost of similar construction facilities in the course of compiling a package of documents to substantiate the investments to be made, assess the investment value and make a contribution to investment decision making.
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Kazantsev, Kirill Y. "FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE VENTURE INVESTMENT MARKET IN RUSSIA." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 3, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-3-1-68-74.
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The article describes two main types of investments in the intellectual property market in Russia - direct and venture, the prevailing share of state-owned venture investments over private is shown. The picture of high-tech investments is presented. The factors affecting the investment attractiveness of the intellectual product are named, the characteristics of the main trends in the venture investment market are given.
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Vasylenko, Yuriy. "Conditions for Successful Active Investment in Terms of the State and the Far-sighted Interests of the Business." Ekonomika 100, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 6–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2021.1.1.
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For the macro characteristic of active investment, we introduced the concept of the technical productivity of investment. It characterizes an investment’s capacity to reduce the norm of material or labor costs.Based on the technical productivity of investment, we derived the equation (not identity) of economic dynamics.We have proposed measuring the efficiency of investments by added-value to reflect their effectiveness for the business owner’s far-sighted interests in minimizing the turnover of skilled workers. We have proposed to use the criteria in terms of the state – the maximum of the real GDP growth and the maximum of the sum of real GDP for the country as a whole.We defined the limits of an investment’s technical productivity, for which the investor receives the desired payback or effectiveness, and an economy in maximal development.For this, we used our causal simulation model of Ukraine’s economy dynamics, which, in contrast to the known models, reflects the main types of legal and shadow economic activities in their relationships.
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Chung, Richard. "Corporate investment and institutional investors." Corporate Ownership and Control 10, no. 2 (2013): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv10i2c1art3.
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This paper examines corporate governance provided by different types of institutional investors on REIT investment decisions and its impact on firm performance. First, we find that property-type Q (firm-specific stock valuation) positively affects REIT investment decisions and such effect is materially influenced by institutional ownerships. Second, we expand Hartzell, Sun, and Titman (2006), and find negative impacts of investments on future REIT performance. We argue that firms over-invest when they see stock prices in their particular sectors are over-valued, and over-investments subsequently depress firm value. We also find that the over-investment problem is mitigated by corporate governance and monitoring performed by institutional investors
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Mulyk, Tetiana. "CAPITAL INVESTMENTS IN UKRAINE: ANALYTICAL EVALUATION AND DIRECTIONS OF INCREASING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS." Green, Blue & Digital Economy Journal 2, no. 3 (October 29, 2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2661-5169/2021-3-5.
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The purpose of the paper is to study the current state of capital investments in Ukraine, to identify areas to improve investment attractiveness. Methodology The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are modern theories of market economy. The following methods were used in the research: inductive, deductive, analysis and synthesis, historical and logical, graphic. Results. It is established that the economic activity of individual economic entities, regions and the country as a whole is largely characterized by the volume and forms of investment. Development of the state is impossible without a sufficient level of investment, their focus on priority sectors of the national economy and effective use. Investments are an important factor of progressive development of any economic system. The obstacles to the effective implementation of the investment mechanism are indicated. It was found that the volume of investment in the domestic economy remains low due to an unfavorable investment climate caused by an imperfect legislative framework, underdeveloped stock market and financial and credit system, strong tax pressure, inefficient use of depreciation deductions, and low level of transformation of savings of the population into investment. The analytical assessment of capital investments in Ukraine, the dynamics of their change, by types of economic activity in 2016-2020 was carried out. The volumes of capital investments in Ukraine by types of assets in 2016-2020 were studied. The sources of financing of capital investments and their structure are characterized. The directions of increasing investment attractiveness are defined. The most priority directions are replacement of worn-out machines and equipment, automation and mechanization of the production process, reduction of production costs and environmental protection. Practical implications. As a result of the study, priority areas to improve the investment attractiveness of business entities, which will contribute to investment security, through a balanced and sound public policy to support investment activities and implementation of the proposed recommendations for businesses and public authorities.
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Orlova, Kristina Yu. "Formation of innovation and investment development directions of the Samara Region systemic enterprises." Vestnik of Samara University. Economics and Management 12, no. 2 (August 5, 2021): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0461-2021-12-2-67-77.
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The article discusses the directions of innovation and investment development of the strategic, system-forming, enterprises of the Samara Region, which were determined on the basis of an analysis of information about the real situation (20182020) and the planned future (from 2021), obtained as a result of a questionnaire survey of managers about the directions of investment, criteria for making investment decisions, as well as the strategic goals of investment plans. The analysis of investment directions was carried out, on the basis of which the types of investment activity of enterprises were identified as active, proactive and passive. Criteria for making investment decisions are considered, on the basis of which the types of investment behavior of enterprises were divided into leader behavior associated with the economic justification of investment decisions, and follower behavior characterized by an empirical decision rule. The average values of the investment projects characteristics the payback period of investments, the excess of the rate of return over the loan rate, and the discount rate required for making a decision on investment, as well as the volumes of investment projects in different periods are given. On the basis of the investment objectives considered, three types of strategies of system-forming enterprises are formulated: aggressive, moderate and conservative. Based on the analysis of the results of the survey, the features of innovative activity, as well as the directions and prerequisites for the innovative development of the Samara Region strategic enterprises are determined.
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Nechyporuk, O. V. "The Investment Attractiveness of Economic Activities in the Regions of Ukraine." Business Inform 5, no. 520 (2021): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-5-169-174.
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The article is aimed at studying the investment attractiveness of types of economic activity in the regions of Ukraine, determining the impact of factor values (of types of economic activity) on the volume of products sold. As a result of the study, a methodical approach to the analysis and determination of investment attractiveness of types of economic activity in the regions of Ukraine is developed; the influence of factor values (of types of economic activity) on the volume of products sold is determined, the main ones are distinguished by means of correlation analysis and the significance of the selected factors of influence is checked using regression analysis. For the analysis, data was formed on the basis of official data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine. To obtain more accurate summary results, the data was normalized in order to convert the values of signs in the input vector to a certain specified range. After the normalization, summary data for correlation and regression analysis were computed. On the basis of the carried out analysis, the economic-mathematical models of influence of investment instruments of the State budget on types of economic activity and a model of influence of investment instruments of foreign direct investment on types of economic activity in the regions of Ukraine were built. The investment attractiveness of certain regions for public investment and for foreign investments is substantiated. Prospects for further research in this direction are the analysis of the impact of other factors on the investment attractiveness of a particular region and Ukraine in general.
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LOUKIL, Sahar, Youssra BEN ROMDHANE, and Souhaila KAMMOUN. "Electoral Uncertainty, Macro-Economic Environment and Corporate Investment Strategy." Journal of Finance & Corporate Governance 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54960/jfcg.v3i1.29.
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Our study looks at the relationship between firm’s investment spending in fixed and intangible assets and electoral uncertainty around two types of national elections: presidential and parliamentary elections. We analyze investment sensitivity to electoral uncertainty from 1996 through 2017 using a sample of 1485 firms from 45 countries. We find that, regardless election type, firm’s fixed investment significantly decrease around elections. Precisely, firms hold investment spending in before elections and restart the year following year. In this case, firms adopt a wait-and-see strategy. But, in the context of corruption control the potential negative effects are reduced. We thus highlight how different types of investments respond to various electoral shocks since microeconomic processes respond to policy uncertainty based upon firm’s resource needs. We conclude that the effect of political uncertainty on business investment depend on the degree of political uncertainty and the investment to be undertaken.
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Rietz, Robert, Michael Maves, Frederick Pevow, L. B. Tubergen, and Cedric Quick. "Understanding Basic Personal Finance Terminology." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 112, no. 5 (May 1995): P87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(05)80203-7.
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Львова, Н., N. L'vova, Н. Семенович, and N. Semenovich. "The Drivers for Investment Activity of Business: Does the Theory Explain the Russian Practice?" Scientific Research and Development. Economics of the Firm 8, no. 4 (December 2, 2019): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2306-627x-2019-24-30.
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The article is devoted to the problem of shortage of investments in fixed assets of Russian enterprises (non-financial companies). Theoretical perspectives on the importance and determinants of investment activity of business are opposed to domestic practice. Thus, the provisions of the main investment theories are systematized, the norms of savings and savings in Russia are analyzed in comparison with the developed countries and other BRICS countries; the profile of domestic investment business (industry structure of investments in fixed capital, dynamics of investments by types of economic activity, depreciation and renewal of fixed assets) is considered; the factors hindering the implementation of investments identified by surveys of entrepreneurs are interpreted. The study showed that the causes of the protracted investment crisis in Russia correlate with the provisions of all the basic theories, but to reveal them more accurately allows post-Keynesian one with its emphasis on the phenomenon of uncertainty and the problem of investment financing.
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HAILA, ANNE. "Four Types of Investment in Land and Property." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 15, no. 3 (September 1991): 343–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.1991.tb00643.x.
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Jolović, Ivana, and Alpar Lošonc. "The impact of foreign direct investment and venture capital investment on entrepreneurship in the Republic of Serbia." Eastern Review 8 (December 30, 2019): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1427-9657.08.01.
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The subject of the research is the examination of features and significance of two modern types of investment intended for financing entrepreneurship: that is, foreign direct investment and venture capital investment. The starting point of the study is the sector of small and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurs with all the challenges and opportunities that characterize its financial position in the Republic of Serbia. The aim of this research is to analyse the impact of both direct investment and entrepreneurial capital investment on small businesses, or more precisely, to examine the influence of foreign direct investment and venture capital investment on entrepreneurship. This paper focuses on the impact that these types of financing have on management, financial stability, and the performance of the relevant business entities. Furthermore, the current situation and perspectives of these types of financing are analysed in detail. The aim of this paper is to provide insight into the effects that foreign direct and venture capital investments have on Serbian small and medium-sized enterprises and the entrepreneurial sector, as well as to point to what is currently the more favourable solution for the financing problem with which these entities are faced. The following methods are used for the preparation of this paper: a detailed analysis of the content of European and national statistical reports; available national and foreign literature of international and domestic authors in the field of foreign direct investment, venture capital investment and entrepreneurship; descriptive and comparative methods.
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Konečný, Michal, Róbert Világi, Yaroslava Kostiuk, and František Pollák. "Analysis of the Czech Advertising Market and its Main Players." SHS Web of Conferences 135 (2022): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213501006.
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At a time of global crisis, also at a time of accelerated digitalisation of businesses, sensible investment in communication with their customers is becoming very topical. The paper focuses on the development of investments in Internet advertising in the period 2012-2020. The method used for the research was a comparative analysis, which showed that the amount of money invested in internet advertising increased every year and that, unlike other types of advertising, no year was recorded for internet advertising during the period under review, when the value of investments in a given year would be lower than the value in the previous year. The results show that online advertising is taking an increasing share of total advertising investment. Another finding is that television advertising maintains a dominant position in the advertising market and is not directly affected by the development of investment in Internet advertising. However, the growth of investment in Internet advertising has a direct impact on the volume of investment in print advertising and OOH (Out of Home) advertising. The given types of media showed the largest decrease in terms of market share and negatively copied the development of investments in Internet advertising. In the case of radio advertising, there was also a decrease, but its dependence on Internet advertising has not been proven. However, the question arises as to the development of investments in the coming years. It is possible to anticipate the continuing strengthening of the role of Internet advertising and it will also be interesting to see whether Internet advertising will jeopardize the position of TV advertising. The results of the research will help both researchers and companies in the process of their decision to invest in selected types of advertising.
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Moskalenko, N. V., T. N. Sharonina, N. V. Kutsina, and N. V. Shlyannikova. "Assessment of the investment attractiveness of the region." Entrepreneur’s Guide 14, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24182/2073-9885-2021-14-2-62-70.
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The concept of investment attractiveness of enterprises and the factors influencing it are considered. The factors of decision–making of investors from the point of view of the expediency of financing enterprises have been determined. The state of enterprises has been investigated in the context of capital investments by types of assets and sources of financing. The international experience of improving investment attractiveness is presented. The catalysts for the development of the level of investment potential have been identified. The ways of increasing the investment attractiveness of enterprises are proposed.
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Kiyak, Deimena. "Individual investor investment alternatives assessment criteria modelling." Buhalterinės apskaitos teorija ir praktika, no. 16 (July 5, 2019): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/batp.2014.no16.11.
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Private investment is one of the most important people financial components. Basically, it is an investment activity undertaken by individuals. In most cases investment efforts are intended to ensure the financial security later in life. The choice of them is relatively wide. However, for individual investors information about this receipt flow frequent is limited or poorly accessible. Therefore individual investors potential types of investment choices, their benefits and disadvantages of summation research in this area is valuable, relevant and new, both in theoretical and practical terms. Objective of the study - conclude individual investors potential investment alternatives selection model under the most relevant criteria. For an individual investor to understand the possible role of investment and management capabilities article summarizes the works of scientists presented the concept of investment. Individual investor's investment - is the active use of money, during which the money earns money and work for people and the partially guarantees additional revenue, provide permanent capital increase to satisfy the personal needs, implementing personal financial goals. For individual investor is most relevant investment funds classify according to investment properties, investor type and by period of investment and risk levels. In order to evaluate the investment options preferred by an individual investor was identified seven individual investors potential investment alternatives evaluation criteria: low risk of losing money; a high return; the initial amount of capital; lack of knowledge; access to information; short payback period; lack of need for continuous investment. In Article individual investor's investment options structured, provided essential types of investments advantages and disadvantages, also investments divided into two main groups. 1. Investment alternatives that do not require a large initial capital or nor the additional knowledge, and with little risk of losing money, the long payback period, adequate information dissemination about them, but with little return (deposits, government saving measures, gold). 2. Investment options on which information is available in difficult, often require additional knowledge, a bigger risk of losing money, but a short payback period (stocks, real estate, art values).
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Tjandrasa, Benny Budiawan, and Jacqueline Mariae Tjandraningtyas. "The Effects of Personality Types and Demographic Factors on Overconfidence Bias and Decision Making of Investment Types." Petra International Journal of Business Studies 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ijbs.1.2.57-62.
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In financial management theories an investor will act rationally and make a desicion to invest based on the rules in the financial management theory. Nevertheless, in reality the decision making to invest is very often irrational and not in accordance with the financial management theory. This deviation is caused by the bias of investors’ behaviour in making a decision. Investors who only focus on the return of an investment without paying attention to the risks are said to experience overconfidence bias. This research analyses the factors which are considered to influence investors with overconfidence bias in deciding the investment types. The factors are personality type, marital status, income level, work experience, and fields of study that have been taken. This research can contribute to completing the study of financial management, particularly in the investment decision and putting psychological factors in the analysis of financial management
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Paderin, Ivan, Kostiantyn Zhadko, and Yuliia Goryaschenko. "Economics of Investment Processes at the Enterprise." Herald of the Economic Sciences of Ukraine, no. 1(38) (2020): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37405/1729-7206.2020.1(38).192-195.
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In the article it is proved that for Ukraine the priority should be investments in the development of high-tech and high-tech industries. It is noted that in conditions of sustainable development, the quality of investments should be considered not only as an indicator characterizing the degree of return on investment in a particular investment segment and object, but also characterizing the degree of social and environmental efficiency. The overall dynamics of the volume of investments in industry in 2010-2018 is analyzed. A clear tendency has been revealed in the growth of investment in industry in cost terms for the analyzed period for all types of industrial activity: mining and quarrying, processing industry, supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning and water supply. Concrete examples of the development of effective capital investments are given on the example of ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih PJSC, Azovstal Iron and Steel Works of the Metinvest Group, and Innovation Forpost Industrial Park.
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Popova, Evgeniya Mikhailovna, Guzel Mukhtarovna Guseinova, and Sergei Borisovich Milov. "Assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax spending towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of advanced development territory." Теоретическая и прикладная экономика, no. 1 (January 2020): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8647.2020.1.32495.
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The deficit of subnational budgets and deceleration capital investments in multiple Russian regions increase the relevance of research aimed at improvement of tax incentivizing practice of the regional investment process. The studies focused on determination of the impact of socioeconomic and institutional factors upon the efficiency of investment tax expenses obtained wide circulation within the foreign scientific literature. The subject of this article is the assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax expanses towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of territories of advanced socioeconomic development, created in the subjects of Far Easter Federal District. The scientific novelty and practical values of this research consists in substantiation of the reasonableness of assessment of investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity that are stimulated by tax incentives. Methodology for assessing investment attractiveness is proposed and tested. The conclusion is made that in case of low investment attractiveness of the type of economic activity, which was planned to support by tax incentives, it is required to conduct and additional analysis to avoid unjustified tax expanses.
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Adilieme, Chibuikem, and Obinna Umeh. "Sensitivity of Real Estate Investment Return to Market Return Index: The Case of Nigerian Real Estate Investment Trusts." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjreecm-2020-0014.
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Abstract The level of sensitivity of every investment option to a market index is crucial to investors. Sensitivity analysis of individual or a set of returns on investments to market return index predicts the reaction of the investment(s) to changes in the market index; informs investors of prospective performance of different investments types; as well as assists the investors in making appropriate decisions on investment selections. This paper assessed how sensitive indirect real estate investments in Nigeria were to market index. The three companies whose asset returns were considered in this study were real estate investment trusts listed in the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The data used in this study were sourced from annual reports of the listed companies, and reports of the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The beta coefficients were used to determine the sensitivity of the selected stocks to market return index. The study found a very low and insignificant beta coefficient among various real estate investments and market return index. Hence, there is no relationship between the market return index and the returns on the Real Estate Investment Trusts listed in the Nigerian Stock Exchange.
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Nikolenko, Tamara. "Investment security as a component of the state's economic security." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Ekonomìka 10, no. 20 (2020): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2822-2020-10-20-101-113.
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The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of investment security of the country as a component of economic security, and the development of general recommendations for improving its level. In particular, the dynamics of foreign direct investment of Ukraine is studied and forecasted, the geographical structure of foreign direct investment of Ukraine is assessed, the most attractive types of economic activity in the economy of Ukraine are considered, the dynamics of main macroeconomic investment security indicators is analyzed, namely fixed capital investment investment growth to GDP growth rates, estimated dynamics of the country's investment attractiveness index and highlighted the factors that affect it, indicated what threats foreign investments may pose to national economic security and suggested ways to minimize them.
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Kazemi Rad, Melissa, David Riley, Somayeh Asadi, and Parhum Delgoshaei. "Improving the performance profile of energy conservation measures at the Penn State University Park Campus." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 4 (July 17, 2017): 610–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-02-2016-0050.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine significant steps taken by the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) to account for both energy cost savings and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction goals through strategic investments in energy conservation measures (ECMs) in campus buildings. Through an analysis of multiple years of investment in facility upgrades across the university, the impacts of ECMs of various types are characterized by building type. The standards and criteria for ECMs investments are also evaluated with the goal to develop a predictive tool to support decision making pertaining to an annual investment in a portfolio of ECMs that will maintain a trajectory to achieve both financial return on investment as well as GHG reduction goals. Design/methodology/approach This study is comprised of three main parts: analyzing the energy costs saving and GHG emissions reduction contribution of various building types in which ECMs were conducted, analyzing costs saving and GHG emissions reduction contribution of each ECM while considering the average annual investments made in them and estimating the impact of upgrading Penn State’s steam plants from firing a mixture of coal and natural gas to natural gas only on the GHG emissions. Findings These analyses help identify which types of buildings and ECMs would have larger savings and emissions reduction contributions. A calculator is also created to enable forecasting of costs saving and GHG emissions reduction of investment distribution strategy among ECMs. This study demonstrates that the calculator based on data from previous years will benefit decision makers in more wisely configuring the investment portfolio. Originality/value This paper fulfills an identical need to couple energy efficiency strategies coupled with the environmental impacts associated with different fossil fuel energy sources.
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Winters, Matthew S. "Choosing to Target: What Types of Countries Get Different Types of World Bank Projects." World Politics 62, no. 3 (June 16, 2010): 422–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887110000092.
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Well-governed countries are more likely to make use of foreign aid for the purposes of economic development and poverty alleviation. Therefore, if aid agencies are providing funds for the sake of development, these countries should receive more aid and categorically different types of aid as compared with poorly governed countries. In poorly governed countries aid should be given in forms that allow for less discretion. Using an original data set of all World Bank projects from 1996 to 2002, the author distinguishes programmatic projects from investment projects and national from subnational investment projects. If the World Bank allows more discretion in well-governed countries, then it will choose to provide programmatic and national aid for these recipients. The author presents evidence that the World Bank provides a larger proportion of national investment lending in better-governed countries. With regard to programmatic lending, he finds mixed evidence. Among counties eligible for International Development Association (IDA) aid, good governance surprisingly is associated with a lower proportion of programmatic aid, whereas for International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) borrowers, good governance is associated with a higher proportion. The author subjects these results to a number of robustness checks. Although he confirms the existing result in the literature that the World Bank provides larger overall amounts of aid to better-governed countries, his examination of the disaggregated data leads to questioning whether both lending wings of the World Bank are designing aid programs in the most prodevelopment way possible.
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Олег Беспрозванних and Петро Перерва. "RESEARCH OF FORMS AND METHODS OF INVESTMENT SUPPORT OF INNOVATION ACTIVITIES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES." Bulletin of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (economic sciences), no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2519-4461.2020.1.11.
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To solve the problems of stimulating the development of innovative activity of domestic enterprises, a number of regulatory acts have been developed in Ukraine today that regulate relations in the sphere of investment in innovation. National legislation defines the following forms of investment of innovative activity: state (municipal) investment, commercial investment, social investment, foreign investment, general investment. In order to receive financial support, the subjects of innovation activity whose innovation projects are listed in the State Register of Innovation Projects shall submit to the State Innovation Financial-Credit Institution (its regional branches) innovative projects and all necessary documents, the list of which is determined by it. The subject of innovative activity, the innovative project of which has been competitively selected, may receive one or more types of financial support from the innovative financial-credit institution, depending on the competitive procedure established by the competitive procedure. Financial support for the implementation of innovative projects can be provided in the form of successive tranches as a result of monitoring the progress of project implementation.The analysis of the structure of state financing of innovation activity by types of economic activity of subjects of innovation in 2018 allows to determine the priority branch of chemical and petrochemical industry. Investing of own funds of subjects of innovative activity is realized through capital investments and financial investments. Structural analysis of sources of financing of innovative activity in Ukraine allows to distinguish the overwhelming share of own funds of the enterprises in the total volumes of financing of their innovative activity. But in the conditions of insufficient level of state support of innovative activity of enterprises and instability of their financial results, as the main source of own funds for investing, the role of financial and credit providing of investments by the subjects of the financial market significantly increases.
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Nwaeze, Emeka T. "Incentive Regulation, Investment Decisions, and Stock Returns." Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance 12, no. 4 (October 1997): 391–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148558x9701200403.
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This study investigates the return implications of investment decisions by firms that are subject to incentive regulation (IR). The analysis controls for the mediating effects of regulatory climate and firm size and allows for industry-wide effects by incorporating a control sample of traditional rate-of-return firms. It is shown that the information contents of unexpected capital expenditures and unexpected investment costs derived from the allowance for funds used during construction are positively related to incentive regulation. The results further reveal that differences in IR types are associated with differences in the information contents of unexpected investments. Furthermore, regulatory climate has positive effects on the association between returns and unexpected investments, whereas firm size has negative but weak effects on the association between returns and unexpected investments.
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Kharchenko, H. А., and O. A. Mazur. "Conceptual bases of investment support of organic production development in agricultural enterprises." Bioeconomics and Agrarian Business 11, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/bioeconomy2020.03.118.
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he article substantiates and analyzes the main approaches to the interpretation of economic categories “investment support” and “investment support for development”. Peculiarities of investment support for domestic enterprises engaged in the production of organic products are analyzed in the article. The necessity and prospects for the development of organic production of agri-food products as an innovative direction of agrarian business are substantiated. It has been proven that the investment support of organic agricultural enterprises involves systematic management and includes several interrelated components. The expediency of determining the sources and volumes of investment resources that can be attracted by the enterprise for the production of organic products is substantiated; priority areas for the development of effective methods of using investment resources have been identified. The main types of investments aimed at the production of organic products are identified. Theoretical and practical aspects of organic production in Ukraine are considered. The main indicators of organic production by domestic producers are analyzed. The main types of organic products in Ukraine, the total number of certified enterprises, and the area involved in the production of organic products are identified. The main ecological, economic, and social advantages of organic production are described. The main factors hindering the attraction of investments in the development of organic production are investigated. The system of financial, economic, organizational, social, and legal measures that will ensure the formation of a system of investment support for the development of agricultural enterprises engaged in the production of organic products were offered.
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Chariri, Anis, Mohammad Nasir, Indira Januarti, and Daljono Daljono. "Determinants and consequences of environmental investment: an empirical study of Indonesian firms." Journal of Asia Business Studies 13, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 433–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-05-2017-0061.
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PurposeThis study aims to examine the effect of institutional ownership, audit committee and types of industry on environmental investment. Furthermore, this research investigates the consequences of environmental investments on firm financial performance.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 145 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchanges and receiving PROPER awards issued by the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Indonesia in the year 2009-2015. The data were then analyzed using ordinal logistic regression and multiple regression.FindingsThe findings showed that environmental investment was significantly affected by types of industry. However, institutional ownership and audit committee did not influence environmental investment. Finally, the finding indicated that environmental investments positively affected firm financial performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis research only covered companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchanges and receiving PROPER awards. Thus, the findings cannot be generalized for all companies in Indonesia and other markets.Originality/valueThis study is the first effort intended to investigate the determinants and consequences of environmental investment which have been ignored by previous studies, especially in the Asian emerging markets. This study at least provides us with two main contributions. First, the findings on determinants of environmental investment can be used by governments in Asian countries, especially Indonesia as a reference in making policies concerning the obligations of companies to the environmental problems. Second, the finding on the relationship of environmental investment and financial performance can be used by companies as strategies to generate profits without destroying the environment.
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YAKUBIV, VALENTYNA, YULIIA MAKSYMIV, IRYNA HRYHORUK, NAZARIY POPADYNETS, and IRYNA PIATNYCHUK. "DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY MANAGEMENT." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 6, no. 3-4 (December 20, 2019): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.6.3-4.77-87.
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The paper deals with global trends in energy consumption and renewable energy generation. Worldwide practices in financing of renewable energy production are analysed according to the following dimensions: sources of financing, types of used policy instruments, types of recipients (public or private) and types of financed technologies. The key factors that influence the investment attractiveness of renewable energy sources in the world are presented. Main obstacles impeding the utilisation of potential of renewable energy generation in Ukraine are pointed out from the standpoint of the global development trends, as the experience of economically developed countries are advised to be used for Ukraine. Conditions for investment activity in this field should be created (involving both domestic and foreign investments), stimulating state policy should be implemented, and an energy management based on the international experience should be developed. The problems of renewable energy sources in Ukraine are described, in particular, the presence of investment risk in terms of its components as general economic, legal and financial. In the most developed countries in terms of RES consumption direct public investment is a small proportion of total renewable energy financing, whereas private investment has the major share. A significant obstacle to the possibility of realizing such experience in Ukraine is the presence of investment risk, mainly caused by unstable political conditions (both internal and external). Energy management and monitoring activities of enterprises of various forms of ownership and branch affiliation should be introduced along with the necessity of attracting investments in renewable energy. It is expected that the results presented in this article may be useful for improving the renewable energy development policy both at the country level and at the level of a particular economic entity.
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Meyer, Peter B. "Background Note on Insurance and Brownfield Investment Decisions." Public Works Management & Policy 2, no. 3 (January 1998): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087724x9800200307.
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Many prospective investments on contaminated sites have been stymied by concerns over uncontrollable investment uncertainty. This article describes new types of insurance now available to cap cleanup costs and other risks inherent in brownfield redevelopment that can make the sites more competitive with projects on green-fields, or unpolluted sites.
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Benko, N. M. "Interrelationship between Human Capital Structure and Investment in Human Capital." Business Inform 10, no. 513 (2020): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-10-96-104.
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Empirical researches prove a relationship between investment in human capital and economic growth, but assessing human capital itself, as well as the effectiveness of relevant investments, presents a practical problem. The article is aimed at specifying scientific approaches to generalization of investment objects, components and schemes of human capital formation for the development of a modern theoretical ground for the development of investment in the human capital of the country’s economy. To achieve this aim, the article sets a task of research on types of capital, their content characteristics, structure of human capital, investments in human capital for the needs of management of the national economic system. Important for human capital research is that investments in human capital ensure the growth of the value of human labor, and this is the most important factor in the transformation of the economy, modernization of economic institutions. By this provision is stated that economic growth is not only achieved through technology transfer, investment in physical capital and accumulation of knowledge, but also depends on human capital, including improving people’s health, reducing crime, providing appropriate social climate and institutions, as well as education. Thus, under such conditions, economic development should be considered not only as an increase in economic growth, but also as an investment in human capital ? in the components of its structure. A system-component approach is substantiated, which, unlike the existing one, defines the composition of the structure of human capital and types of investments in human capital, strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of investing in human capital as the main element of productive forces.
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YURCHUK, Nataliia, and Svitlana KIPORENKO. "GLOBAL MARKET OF INTELLIGENT INVESTMENTS: EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE." 3, no. 3(57) (September 28, 2021): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-3-10.
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The article deals with the meaning of the concept of «intellectual investment». It was found that this economic category is quite diverse and most foreign and domestic scientists give only a general definition. Based on the studied approaches to understanding the essence of intellectual investment, the authors provide their own interpretation of this economic category. So, intellectual investment is any investment in intangible assets: training and retraining, research and development, transfer of know-how, creation of innovative products for additional economic benefits. A number of features that distinguish investments in intellectual capital from other types of investments are identified and attention is paid to approaches to the classification of types of intellectual investments. It is established that the leading countries in the implementation of intellectual investment in 2020 are China, the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany, and the trend of increasing the share of spending on innovation is observed in such regions as Asia and the Middle East, respectively. The place of the countries in the ranking of the Global Innovation Index, which is headed by Switzerland, Sweden and the United States, followed by Great Britain and the Netherlands, is described. The level of development of intellectual investments in Ukraine in terms of financing of innovation activities during 2016-2020, as well as in terms of receipt of applications for industrial property in Ukraine and the world is analyzed. The main negative factors that hinder the development of intellectual investment in Ukraine are assessed, and on the basis of world experience the effects that can be obtained as a result of investing in intellectual capital at different economic levels are highlighted. Due to the fact that Ukraine is losing its authority and attractiveness in the field of invention in the international arena, it is proposed to create a clear program to attract investment in intellectual capital, increase the share of budget funds for development and implementation of innovations, introduce programs to encourage the return of scientists. who previously emigrated.
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Kovalchuk, N. О., K. A. Smolnikova, and K. I. Zhaloba. "The Value and Content of Investment and Innovation Activities of Domestic Enterprises." Business Inform 10, no. 513 (2020): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-10-89-95.
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The article is aimed at deepening the scientific-methodological principles of management of investment and innovation activities and analyzing its current status in Ukraine. Investment and innovation activity is peculiar to any enterprise, representing one of the most important aspects of its development. The article covers the peculiarities of interpretation of the concept of «investment and innovation activity». It is defined that a single point of view has not yet been yielded among both domestic and foreign scholars. On the basis of the analysis of their approaches to defining the concept of investment and innovation activity, the major key characteristics of the interpretation are allocated. A classification of forms of investment activity in the sphere of innovation has been formed. It is noted that today’s research on the problems of innovation and investment development becomes of particular relevance, because it is very important to find ways to improve the management of innovations, investments and the innovation-investment development. The current status of investment and innovation activity in Ukraine is analyzed. It is specified that nowadays the dynamics of investments in the economy of our country has gained a positive tendency. The dynamics of capital investments by sources of financing during 2010-2019 are characterized by the prevailing own funds of enterprises and organizations, whose share ranged from 60% and up to 70%. It is determined that the structure of capital investments by types of assets is characterized by the prevailing investments in tangible assets, while the least funds are invested in water supply, sewerage, waste management. The trend of fixed capital investing also has positive changes, although the turning point was 2008, after which there is no clear dynamics in the growth of fixed capital investments. After estimating the situation in the investment and innovation sphere of Ukraine, the authors have formed the main categories of problems that worsen its development.
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Барбашова, Ekaterina Barbashova, Лясковская, Olga Lyaskovskaya, Абрамова, and Galina Abramova. "Comparative assessment of the dynamics of investment efficiency in fixed capital at the level of federal districts of Russia." Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences 11, no. 2 (April 29, 2016): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19396.
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The article proposes an approach to the determination of investment efficiency at the regional level and provides a comparative assessment of investment efficiency in different economic activities.The assessment of investment efficiency is preceded by the analysis of GRP structures and investments in the economy of the Central Federal District in the context of foreign trade, which allows to identify and then to give a comparative assessment of investment efficiency in fixed capital in the two leading types of economic activities on the share of GRP in the Central Federal District in 2005 and 2012: trade and processing production.The instruments for analysis became a package of statistical programs SPSS Statistics 22.
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Walker, Douglas M., and Lonnie L. Bryant. "THE FINANCIAL RETURNS TO CASINO AMENITIES." Journal of Gambling Business and Economics 5, no. 1 (January 2, 2013): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/jgbe.v5i1.565.
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Casinos offer an increasing array of amenities (e.g., hotels, restaurants, shows, shopping, and other entertainment). Yet, little information exists on the financial returns to various amenities. We utilize financial returns and casino company department revenue and expenditure data from 24 public casino firms over 23 quarters (2004.1-2009.3) to analyze the returns on investment from various casino amenities. Our findings indicate that investments in expanding casino space and hotels have negative returns; investment in food and beverage has a neutral impact; but investment in other types of entertainment has a positive return.
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Bondareva, N. A. "Peculiarities of Applying Investment Tax Deductions." Accounting. Analysis. Auditing 7, no. 2 (May 7, 2020): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2020-7-2-48-55.
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The imposition of economic sanctions on the Russian Federation by the countries of Europe and the United States, the introduction of import substitution required the modernization of production, the development of new technologies and the growth of labor productivity. To achieve these goals, significant investments are required in the economy, in particular, attracting investments from individuals and legal entities. The paper describes tax aspects of investing. The methodological basis of the study is tax legislation and local legislative acts of the regions. The analysis of investment activity of individuals shows the state of fixed assets of companies and the dynamics of investment activity for some types of economic activity in conformity with the current state policy to restore fixed capital. The author revealed that the number of individual investors and the amount of investment deductions received by them have increased more than twice, but the investments volume in the segment of large and medium-sized businesses continued to decrease. There was tension in the formation of regional budgets. To intensify the investment activity of companies, the author recommends to extend the application of the investment tax deduction to lowincome companies and reformat regional budgets for the least loss of funds when they are temporary diverted. The study may be of interest to state and regional authorities when developing indicators for the application of investment tax deductions.
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Majerčáková, Daniela, Alexandra Mittelman, and Michal Greguš. "Wine as an Investment Opportunity." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v5i1.p7-12.
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Market development with non-traditional commodities is not as developed and widespread as the market with traditional commodities. There is much information regarding investments into antiquarian objects but there is not so much regarding other types of commodities. The traditional slovak investor is an investor into classic investment products with lower risk and lower revenue at the same time. As Warren Buffett said, price does not matter, but value matters. In case of some commodities, with we can gain the high appreciation with a small investment, too, despite the high risk. We have to look forward and to think about the future with non-traditional investments as it is the long-term investment. It represents goods that are little liquid, and there is an inactiveness sometimes needed, but on the other hand it is still necessary to follow the market. There are more and more possibilities of investments with the fast-changing world. Sometimes we can get interesting revenues from some irrational investments. The aim of this paper is to analyze conditions of the market with possibilities to invest into non-traditional commodities, where also the investments into wine belong. We have used the description of alternative investments, analysis of facts and conditions as well as the possibilities of non-traditional investments in Slovakia to reach this aim. On the basis of observing the price development, we have made recommendations for the traditional slovak investor with the positive relationship to non-traditional investments and with the positive relationship to risk.
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Atanasov, Vladimir, Thomas Hall, Vladimir Ivanov, and Katherine Litvak. "The Impact of Public Pension Funds and Other Limited Partners on the Governance of Venture Capital Funds." Quarterly Journal of Finance 09, no. 01 (March 2019): 1940003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010139219400032.
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We examine whether the reinvestment choices of public pension funds (PPFs) affect the governance of venture capital funds. We start with a hand-collected dataset of litigation against venture capitalists (VCs) that provides significant shocks to the reputation of VCs. We combine that information with detailed data on limited partner investments in VCs provided by LP Source and test whether PPFs respond differently to the litigation shocks compared to other types of limited partners. Our triple-difference framework reveals that VCs who were defendants in lawsuits suffer a significant subsequent decline in investment by university endowments and several other types of institutional investors, but experience an increase in the investment share of PPFs. Pension funds are about three times more likely to re-invest in post-lawsuit funds offered by litigated VCs. The additional pension fund investments thus partially compensate for the shortfall in post-lawsuit fundraising caused by the exodus of other investors. Our results indicate that the investment choices of PPF managers reduce the effectiveness of reputational penalties imposed by other limited partners in venture capital funds.
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Lobova, Svetlana, Aleksei Bogoviz, and Julia Ragulina. "The imbalance of investment activities." MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 08022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821208022.
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The state of the economic system is characterized by a group of economic indicators that are structural ones, reflecting certain aspects of reproduction, including investment. The purpose of this research is to reveal the level of imbalance in the investment activity by the main types of activity, the adjustment of which will promote effective interaction of economic sectors and economic growth. The level of imbalance is defined as the variance in the deviation of sectoral indicators from the average for the economy, which we consider to be optimal. The analysis allowed making the following conclusions: the greatest structural shift is observed in terms of the share of investments in the active part of fixed assets and long-term financial investments; uneven support is provided from the federal budget to different branches; the investment activity is close in characteristics to the average values for the country and varies up to 8.16% in most industries. The imbalance in investment activity is determined not only by the implementation of the state sectoral programs and by investing priority sectors from the budget, but also by the differences in the conditions for its formation.
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Jurša, Aleksejs. "Structural Analysis of Inward Foreign Direct Investment in Latvia." Humanities and Social Sciences: Latvia 29, no. 1 (June 2021): 76–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/hssl.29.1.05.
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The aim of this article is to investigate the activity of foreign direct investors in Latvia and find out what is the main source of financing for foreign investors – new investments or reinvested earnings.In order to achieve the set goal and test the hypothesis, the methodology of Sixth Edition of the International Monetary Fund’s Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual was used to define the types of foreign direct investment. This methodology was adapted to Latvian data. At the request of the author, Ltd Lursoft IT selected business data on all registered companies with foreign capital in Latvia since 2005 and aggregate data were used in the analysis.Foreign direct investment in Latvia flows mainly in the form of reinvested earnings, due to the profit earned from operating activities in Latvia. While new investments or greenfield investments in equity is lower compared to the amount of reinvested earnings. The results of the study reflect the business results of foreign direct investors in Latvia, as well as their actions in relation to the earned profit from operating activities. These results could be used by the Ministry of Economics of the Republic of Latvia and the Investment and Development Agency of Latvia to improve Latvia’s investment environment and im¬plement a more effective investment attraction strategy.
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Егорова, Д. Е., and А. К. Семеняк. "Инвестиционная деятельность банков на рынке ценных бумаг." ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 70, no. 7 (2021): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-02-2021-278.
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Modern banking involves investment. Investment is an economic category characterized by a number of features. The types and forms of investment are diverse and can be transformed taking into account the state of the economy and the level of development of industrial relations. The faster growth of the financial sector in the economy led to the development of financial investments. Banks as financial and credit organizations are actively making financial investments in securities using Internet banking tools. Banks' investments in securities pursue a number of goals that determine the choice of securities for investment and their quality. The article examines the theoretical aspects of the investment activity of the banks of the Russian Federation and its impact on the stability of the banking sector as a whole, studies the issues of its classification, presents the author's position on the essence of the problem under study. Also, based on the analysis of actual data for 2014-2019, the target indicators of bank investments in securities and their development trends in modern conditions were determined. Official data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia) and the Federal State Statistics Service were used as an information base for the study.
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Nakamura, Eri. "The bidirectional CSR investment – economic performance relationship." Journal of Global Responsibility 6, no. 1 (May 11, 2015): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-05-2014-0021.
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Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the following two research questions: Do corporate social responsibility (CSR) investments enhance a firm’s economic performance? Does the firm’s economic performance influence CSR investments? That is, the bidirectional relationship between CSR investments and economic performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper analyzes three types of CSR investments (environmental, labor-related and social investments) using a simultaneous equations model with a data set of 185 Japanese firms. Findings – Environmental investments reduce economic performance, labor-related investments do not significantly affect economic performance and social investments increase economic performance. Moreover, strong economic performance decreases environmental investments but increases social investments. Labor-related investments are chosen considering economic performance in both the present and previous terms. Practical implications – For managers, environmental and labor-related investments are not effective for improving economic performance. However, eradicating them completely might harm corporate reputation. In contrast, social investments have now become important. For policymakers, different approaches may be adopted to encourage firms to increase CSR investments. In some cases, policymakers can rely on firm initiatives instead of regulating or encouraging CSR activities. Originality/value – First, the authors empirically examine the bidirectional relationship between CSR investments and economic performance. Second, they clarify the determinants of CSR by specifying the investment function of each type of CSR. Third, they consider three types of CSR investments, with interrelations among them allowed in the model, and determine how each type affects firm performance.