Academic literature on the topic 'Investments – Law and legislation – United States'

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Journal articles on the topic "Investments – Law and legislation – United States"

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Hsu, Locknie. "SWFs, Recent US Legislative Changes, and Treaty Obligations Sovereign Wealth Funds, Recent US Legislative Changes, and Treaty Obligations." Journal of World Trade 43, Issue 3 (2009): 451–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2009019.

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A confluence of events has highlighted the role of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) in recent times, giving rise to debate as to their role, governance, and how national investment regimes view their investments. Important amendments to US investment-screening legislation in 2007 have given rise to some concerns on the part of SWF investors. Apart from national investment-screening laws such as those of the United States and Canada, recipient countries of such funds’ investments may have also international or bilateral treaty obligations towards SWFs as foreign investors. Recent international eff
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Garmashev, Mikhail A., Julia A. Sakhno, Inna N. Peremyshlennikova, Natalya A. Sedova, and Marina M. Staroselzeva. "Legal regulation of crowdfunding and investment platforms." Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S3 (2021): 958–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns3.1695.

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The article provides a comparative analysis of the legal regulation of crowdfunding and investment platforms in Germany, Russia, the USA, and France. Crowdfunding has been researched as a category that is an integral part of investment platforms; in a concise form, the formation of crowdfunding in the declared group of countries is disclosed; identified possible risks and problems when using investment platforms and crowdfunding. The legislation of the United States, France, Germany, and Russia in the field of crowdfunding reveals the main provisions that are directly related to investment pla
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Lefeber, René. "Frontiers of International Law: Counteracting the Exercise of Extraterritorial Jurisdiction." Leiden Journal of International Law 10, no. 1 (1997): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156597000010.

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On 22 November 1996, the Council of the European Union adopted a framework regulation and agreed to joint action to ‘protect’ the interests of the European Union and its citizens against the extraterritorial application of legislation by non-member states. These measures were adopted in response to the extraterritorial application of certain measures by the United States, concerning trade with and investment in Cuba, as well as investment in Iran and Libya. These United States measures apply to all natural and legal persons irrespective of their nationality, residency, or place of activity. Th
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Kirichenko, E. V. "National Security Foreign Direct Investment Control in the USA." Mezhdunarodnaja jekonomika (The World Economics), no. 12 (December 13, 2024): 974–83. https://doi.org/10.33920/vne-04-2412-01.

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The United States of America has traditionally been one of the largest importers of direct capital investment. The United States views foreign investment as one of the key factors in the country’s economic growth. At the same time, due to the dispersion of challenges and threats to American global leadership, the interpretation of US national security is qualitatively expanding. The United States is trying to maintain a balance between openness to foreign direct investment and national security objectives. The article analyzes the activities of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United
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Vylegzhanin, A. N., and P. A. Krokhina. "Legislation of Luxemburg on Natural Resources of Celestial Bodies and International Law." Moscow Journal of International Law, no. 3 (September 29, 2024): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2024-3-17-35.

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INTRODUCTION. This article examines the space laws adopted by Luxembourg in 2017 and 2020, which allow private persons, subject to the conditions provided by these laws, to explore and use the natural resources of celestial bodies. At the same time, the authors proposed an international legal assessment of these laws.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study of the designated laws of Luxembourg is based on the scientific works of domestic and foreign specialists in international space law, especially in terms of the analysis of previously adopted national legislation on space activities. Both general s
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Atiyah, Ghassan Adhab, Nazura Abdul Manap, and Saidatul Nadia Abd Aziz. "Legal Status of Cryptocurrency Circulation in Iraq: Lessons from the United Arab Emirates and the United States." Hasanuddin Law Review 9, no. 1 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v9i1.3867.

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The philosophical emergence of cryptocurrencies is a consequence of the desire to get rid of the authorities’ control of the monetary system, which encouraged people to deal with it for investment or to facilitate the fulfilment of their financial obligations. The research problem is represented through the lack of legislation that regulates dealing with cryptocurrencies in Iraq. There are many technical, legal, and security risks for the use and circulation of cryptocurrency, which must be legally addressed and suitable solutions found. Therefore, this article aims to examine and analyse the
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Kim, Min-Bae. "Enactment and Issues of Japan's Important Land Survey Regulation Act." Korean Public Land Law Association 99 (August 30, 2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30933/kpllr.2022.99.1.

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On the basis of national security and territorial integrity, can the state regulate the use of land and buildings around important defense facilities or on border islands? In response, on June 16, 2021, Japan promulgated ‘Important Land Survey Regulation Act.’ In enacting the Important Land Survey Regulation Act, the Japanese government suggested land acquisition in a specific area by foreign capital as a basis for legislation. Due to the cases of land acquisition in a water source, defense facilities, or border islands, anxiety among Japanese residents and the people is growing.
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Han, Wang, and Liu Jianhua. "The Role of Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States in the Tech War with China." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 8, no. 2 (2022): p104. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v8n2p104.

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With the escalation of the science and technology war against China, the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) continues to expand its powers with the support of Congressional legislation, and plays an increasingly important role in the science and technology war against China. The committee strictly restricts Chinese technology companies’ investment in the United States by means of routine review, case tracing, whitelisting, and long-arm jurisdiction, preventing China from acquiring advanced American technology through investment channels in the United States, so as to
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Sulistina, Sulistina, Bayu Dwi Anggono, Al Khanif, and Tran Ngoc Dinh. "The Pathway of Adopting Omnibus Law in Indonesia's Legislation: Challenges and Opportunities in Legal Reform." Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum 2, no. 2 (2022): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jkph.v2i2.31524.

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The omnibus law model has become a new method of legislative drafting in Indonesia, first applied to the Job Creation Law and later enacted as Law 11/2020. While there were no implicit guidelines in Legislative Drafting Law 12/2011, this adoption was imported from several countries like the United States and Ireland to simplify regulations before the method was subsequently formalized and included in Legislative Drafting Law 13/2022. This paper explored the pathway and dynamics of the omnibus law adoption in Indonesia's law-making procedure and analyzed its further impacts on whether such a me
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Ibrahim, Maan Abdulqader. "Legal Aspects of Financial Investment Companies in Iraq Between Ambition and Reality." Journal of AlMaarif University College 31, no. 2 (2020): 409–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51345/.v31i2.181.g180.

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Investment companies are an appropriate way to revitalize the national economy where investors can rely on them to make sure their money is managed strategically, especially for people who do not have enough time to track and manage their investments throughout the day. While many individuals find that investment companies provide the services they most need Others feel that they can manage their investments with confidence on their own accord, and this remains a decision for every investor in himself in investment companies or what is known as investment funds in an institution, partnership o
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Investments – Law and legislation – United States"

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Demyanek, Mark Louis. "An analysis of United States asbestos regulations and policies." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29586.

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Moessner, Philipp. "Slot allocation in the United States and Europe." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99146.

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The following thesis describes and analyzes the development of the U.S. slot allocation system from 1968 until today, in order to draw relevant conclusions for a new European Slot Regulation. The European Commission is currently drafting a new Slot Regulation purporting to introduce market mechanisms. A similar approach was espoused in the United States from 1986 onward, but was ultimately supplanted by overriding legislation in 2000. The analysis of the U.S. slot allocation system reveals the reasons underlying its abolition and queries whether this experience can be successfully transposed i
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Barr, Diane Louise. "The right to one's reputation: Applicable legislation in the United States of America." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6518.

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Handa, Rish. "The extraterritorial dimension of patent law systems /." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112602.

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This thesis analyses the extraterritorial dimension of patent systems in light of recent judicial trends, ending with the United States Supreme Court's landmark 2007 ruling in AT&T v. Microsoft. The discussion examines (i) the economic interest of nations in issuing and maintaining patent rights; (ii) the legal arguments against a unilateral extraterritorial extension of domestic patents, leading to the legal presumption against extraterritorial extension; (iii) the evolution of this doctrine in United States legislation and jurisprudence and forays against it, especially in recent decades; an
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Martin, Daniel Gordon 1963. "The Archaeological Resources Protection Act, other federal legislation, and the protection of cultural resources in the United States." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276621.

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Within the past 100 years, the protection of archaeological and other cultural resources have fallen in part under federal jurisdiction. The role of federal legislation and regulations, with particular emphasis on the Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 (ARPA), is evaluated in terms of guidelines, application, and effectiveness. A history of federal legislation is presented, followed by an in-depth review and analysis of ARPA. The relevance and applicability of ARPA and other legislation is reviewed in terms of resource significance, definitions of archaeological material, logistic
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Chan, Tsz-ki, and 陳紫琪. "Evaluation of the drug regulatory systems in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, United States and European Union." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50561583.

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Background: Drugs have become an essential necessity in public health, people and the government has become willingly to spend more money on the country’s healthcare system to restore health, save lives, preventing disease and epidemics. Drugs should be properly regulated throughout development, production, importation and subsequent distribution to ensure it is prescribed with safe, effective and of good quality standards. The structure of drug regulations today has evolved over time. During the process, the scope of legislative and regulatory power expanded in result of a series of disast
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Martus, Christopher E. "The distribution and objectives of local forestry-related ordinances in the United States." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08042009-040400/.

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Goetsch, M. Shannon. "Analysis of the United States Trustee program." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/836.

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Bulkley, Celeste. "Evaluating Dynamic Explanations for Immigration Legislation." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/707.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf<br>Bachelors<br>Arts and Sciences<br>Political Science
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Oya, Kazuo. "The relationship between competition law and telecommunications regulation : a comparative assessment." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80945.

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This thesis seeks to contribute to solving the debate about the framework of rules and institutions applicable to public utility sectors, by adopting both economic theories, such as natural monopoly, network effects, and public goods, and practical analysis of the telecommunications sectors for both Australia and the United States. Governments must reevaluate the framework regulating public utility sectors whenever rapid technological advancements occur. This thesis argues that the antitrust authority better enforces competition rules, and that the sector-specific authority better enfor
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Books on the topic "Investments – Law and legislation – United States"

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Michael, Gruson, Markham Jerry, and Roiter Eric, eds. United States securities and investment regulation handbook. Graham & Trotman, 1992.

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Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company. Investment in the United States. Executive Office, Peat, Marwick, Mitchell, 1987.

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Eugene, Marans J., ed. Manual of foreign investment in the United States. 3rd ed. Thomson/West, 2004.

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Bruce, Charles M. United States taxation of foreign trusts. Kluwer Law International, 2000.

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M, Levey Marc, ed. Foreign investment in the United States: Law, taxation, finance. J. Wiley, 1989.

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Vandevelde, Kenneth J. United States investment treaties: Policy and practice. Kluwer Law and Taxation, 1992.

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C, Goodwin Robert, and Calabrese Michael R. 1956-, eds. Legal environment for foreign direct investment in the United States. 3rd ed. International Law Institute, 1994.

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Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service, ed. Foreign investment in the United States: Major federal restrictions. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1988.

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United States. Department of State, ed. Investment guaranties: Agreement between the United States of America and Tunisia; signed at Washington, February 17, 2004. U.S. Dept. of State, 2011.

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J, Turcon Rémi, ed. Foreign direct investment in the United States: Legal aspects for foreign investors. Sweet & Maxwell, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Investments – Law and legislation – United States"

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Eicke, Laima. "US Hydrogen Policy: Paving the Way for Energy Independence, Technology Leadership, and Decarbonization." In Studies in Energy, Resource and Environmental Economics. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-84022-7_4.

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Abstract The U.S. is a key player in the current hydrogen economy and holds substantial geo-economic potential to shape the global clean hydrogen market. The U.S. hydrogen strategy has been shaped by the ambition to balance (a) energy independence (b) the fight against climate change, and (c) expanding technology leadership. The landmark legislative packages of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (2021) and the Inflation Reduction Act (2022) reflect these priorities and include large-scale investments and financial incentives to promote the supply of clean hydrogen at lower costs, to strengthen
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Baughan, Joan Sylvain, and Deborah Attwood. "Food Packaging Law in the United States." In Global Legislation for Food Packaging Materials. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527630059.ch13.

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Villar Ezcurra, Marta, and Jerónimo Maillo González-Orús. "Environmental Governance Through Tax Law in the European Union." In Sustainable Development Goals Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24888-7_14.

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AbstractThe contribution considers critical issues in European environmental governance, focusing on the role of legal principles, fundamentals and competences, and also a review of sectoral legislation in the field of taxation related to EU climate, environment and energy policies. The role of tax harmonisation to favour the ecological transition, the ‘Fit for 55’ legislative package and the reform of the EU’s own resources are some of the topics specifically addressed. For the ambitious strategy of the European green deal to be truly successful, governance must be strengthened, especially in
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Hornuf, Lars, Sonja Mangold, and Yayun Yang. "Data Protection Law in Germany, the United States, and China." In Data Privacy and Crowdsourcing. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32064-4_3.

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AbstractThis chapter examines data protection laws in Germany, the United States, and China. We describe the most important legal sources and principles of data protection and emphasize the rights of data subjects, with particular attention to personal and sensitive data. The legal frameworks for data protection on crowdsourcing platforms in the three countries show significant differences, but also some similarities. In the United States no federal omnibus regulation on the protection of personal data exists so far. The state of California recently enacted a consumer protection law similar to
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Boyne, Shawn Marie. "Financial Incentives and Truth-Telling: The Growth of Whistle-Blowing Legislation in the United States." In Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25577-4_15.

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Unikowski, Jonathan. "Substantive and Procedural Legislation in the United States of America to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse." In Information Technology and Law Series. T.M.C. Asser Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-288-0_12.

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Voetelink, Joop. "Limits on the Extraterritoriality of United States Export Control and Sanctions Legislation." In NL ARMS. T.M.C. Asser Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-471-6_11.

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AbstractThe sovereignty of states is reflected in the notion of jurisdiction, empowering them to enact and enforce laws and regulations, and to adjudicate disputes in court. The jurisdiction of states and the exercise thereof is primarily territorial, limiting the exercise of state authority to their respective national territories except in specific situations. However, in an increasingly globalized and interconnected world, it would be hard to maintain that a state should be denied the right to exercise its sovereign powers beyond national borders when there are reasonable grounds for doing
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Keeffe, Mary, and Rittika Ghosh. "Legislation, Case Law and Current Issues in Inclusion for the United States, Australia and India." In Inclusion, Disability and Culture. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55224-8_20.

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Pantano, Fabio. "Anti-discrimination Law and Limits of the Power of Dismissal: A Comparative Analysis of the Legislation and Case Law in the United States and Italy." In General Principles of Law - The Role of the Judiciary. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19180-5_10.

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Butler, William E. "Towards A Concept of Foreign Relations Law." In Russian Foreign Relations and Investment Law. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199281657.003.0001.

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Abstract ‘Foreign relations law’ has received its greatest doctrinal elaboration in the United States, where it has been the subject of a major Restatement, now in its third edition, pioneering treatises, law school casebooks and nutshells. There is no uniform view as to what ‘foreign relations law’ encompasses. The Restatement subdivides the subject-matter into two categories. The first is ‘international law as it applies to the United States’. This category is largely outside the purview of the present work with respect to Russia except insofar as Russian constitutional and other legislation
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Conference papers on the topic "Investments – Law and legislation – United States"

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Hanson, John. "The Federal Government’s Role in Enabling the Nuclear Renaissance and a Low-Carbon Energy Future." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89997.

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The electric power industry in the United States will face a number of great challenges in the next two decades, including increasing electricity demand and the aging of the current fleet of power plants. These challenges present a major test for the industry, which must invest between $1.5 trillion and $2 trillion by 2030 to meet the increased demand. In addition to these challenges, the potential for climate legislation, controversy over hydraulic fracturing, and post-Fukushima safety concerns have all resulted in significant uncertainty regarding the economics of all major sources of base-l
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Borbor, J. D., Katinka C. Van Cranenburgh, and Christiaan W. F. Luca. "Social Risk Management as a Response to Increasing International Pressure for Social Performance." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206240-ms.

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Abstract In the past decades, financial institutions have led the way for companies to adhere to international standards for social performance. The journey began in the Industrial Revolution, when negative societal business impacts rapidly escalated, which led people to demand for their management. Initially focused on working conditions, impacts on the environment soon started to gain notice. Halfway through the 20th century, a combination of oil spills and mass media attention generated enough public pressure for the United States to sign the first piece of legislation requiring the environ
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Garajová, Michaela. "The Applicable Law for the Third-Party Effects of Assignment of Claim – the Approach of the United Kingdom." In COFOLA INTERNATIONAL 2020. Brexit and its Consequences. Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9801-2020-5.

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The European Commission proposed a new regulation related to the law applicable to third-party effects of the assignment of claims. By this regulation the European Commission is aiming at increasing cross-border transactions, investments and market integration. However, the proposal is facing negative positions of member states, especially the United Kingdom. Even though the United Kingdom will not be obliged to follow the rules from the proposal, because it will come into effect after the transition period ends, its approach on this matter will regulate the third party effects of the assignme
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Kochkarov, Ruslan, and Zulfiya Chochueva. "Legal mechanisms for countering the financing of terrorism." In East – West: Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.iyia7043.

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The financing of terrorism, as an illegal criminal act, was first proposed at the international level in the United Nations Declaration of 1994. The idea was further developed in United Nations Security Council Resolution No. 1373 adopted in 2001. This document obliged all member states of the UN Security Council to introduce into their criminal legislation norms governing prosecution for activities related to the provision or collection of funds to finance terrorism. This study aims to analyze the corpus delicti of terrorist financing and investigate the need to introduce this article into th
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Lee, Sook Ling, and Guru Dhillon. "THE DEATH SENTENCE IN MALAYSIA: A SOCIO-LEGAL REVIEW." In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s02.017.

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Malaysia continues to retain the death sentence despite the fact that there is a global inclination towards abolishing the death sentence. In this paper, the authors firstly, assessed whether authorities in Malaysia have reviewed the death sentence in Malaysia. Secondly, the authors examined the deterrence effect of the death sentence and then explored the possibility of miscarriage of justice caused by the death sentence. The authors opted for a qualitative legal research method and a doctrinal research method. The authors collected data from relevant legislation, case law, textbooks, journal
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Wike, Andrew, Randall A. Hall, Rex Miller, and Rebecca L. Hays. "The Use of Simulators to Comply With Legislated Pipeline Controller Proficiency Testing." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27104.

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In the United States, recent legislation has dictated that by October 2002, all personnel that perform tasks that can affect the safety and integrity of pipeline operations (“covered tasks”) must have demonstrated that they are “qualified” to perform those tasks. Around the world, governments are considering passing equivalent legislation to require control room staff (and other operations personnel) to demonstrate their proficiency. The U.S. Department of Transportation has instituted the “Operator Qualification” rule in 49CFR Part 192 Subpart N (natural gas), and Part 195 Subpart G (hazardou
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Novaković, Olivera. "Povreda autorskog prava na internetu – naknada ili prevencija štete?" In Prouzrokovanje štete, naknada štete i osiguranje. Institut za uporedno pravo, Udruženje za odštetno pravo, Pravosudna akademija, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56461/zr_23.ons.18.

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The availability of technology and the spread of the Internet has led to a huge transition: people have gone from being consumers of content to being creators of content. However, the speed of technological progress, the ease of publishing and sharing content with a wide audience raises the question of whether the existing norms in the field of copyright keep pace with the development of technology, as well as whether they adequately protect the author from the damage that may be caused to him by infringing the copyrighted work. In the first part of the paper, the author analyzes the differenc
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"PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE EU 28th LEGAL REGIME: THE BULGARIAN PERSPECTIVE." In XIII TRADITIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE NEW ECONOMY 2025. Oikos Institute – Research Center, Bijeljina, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2025. https://doi.org/10.61432/cpne0301047a.

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Although the European Union has all the resources to be a leader in the modern global economy, in recent years it has lagged the United States and China in cutting-edge technologies and new, fast-growing industrial sectors. The main reason for this result is the growing lack of innovation in the European economy. Europe is failing to turn its ideas into new, marketable technologies and to integrate these technologies into its industrial base. The analysis of the existing problems shows that innovation must be at the heart of European revival, while removing other constraints that hinder growth
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Jenkins, Okera. "LACK OF CONSUMER ADOPTION OF CONVERSATIONAL ROBOTS IN THE ONLINE MARKETPLACE FOR U.S.-BASED CUSTOMERS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY." In International Conference on Business, Economics, Law, Language & Psychology, 21-22 June 2025, Berlin. Global Research & Development Services Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.20319/icssh.2025.184185.

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Artificial intelligence technology continues to grow, with 2025 expected to exceed $17 billion USD in investments. Chatbots, or conversational robots, are a popular form of artificial intelligence technology used in marketing that involves consumer spending projected to surpass $72 billion USD by 2028. However, consumer reactions to chatbots continue to be a challenge despite marketers’ excitement. The problem addressed by this study was the lack of consumer adoption of conversational robots in the online marketplace. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the lack of consum
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Radulovic, Ana. "FINANCIAL CRISES AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ECONOMY." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.99.

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Economic structures are a major cause of long-term growth or stagnation. Different economic structures have different ranges of structural learning, innovation, and different effects on income distribution, which are key determinants of economic performance. Through theory about economic structures it is explained why institutions work differently in space and time. This paper shows using a case study in the United States, that the source of recent financial crises rests on the structural characteristics of the economy. Constant deindustrialization is increasing inequality, and a debt-intensiv
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Reports on the topic "Investments – Law and legislation – United States"

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VerWey, John. No Permits, No Fabs: The Importance of Regulatory Reform for Semiconductor Manufacturing. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20210053.

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Congress has advanced legislation to appropriate $52 billion in funding for the CHIPS for America Act, which aims to increase semiconductor manufacturing and supply chain resilience in the United States. But more can be done to improve the resiliency of U.S. access to microelectronics beyond manufacturing incentives. This report outlines infrastructure investments and regulatory reforms that could make the United States a more attractive place to build new chipmaking capacity and ensure continued U.S. access to key inputs for semiconductor manufacturing.
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Fencl, Amanda, Jenny Rempel, Georgia Klein, Allyson Yao, Mo Kyn, and Ryder Mitchell. Follow the Money: Are Historic Infrastructure Investments Going to California Communities that Need Them Most? Union of Concerned Scientists, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2024.15488.

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A Union of Concerned Scientists analysis, using environmental justice screening tools, suggests that federal infrastructure investments in California may fall short of Justice40 Initiative goals. Those goals seek to ensure that investments benefit communities that are historically underserved, underinvested in, and overburdened by pollution. The analysis is based on grant awards in California during the first two years of federal Bipartisan Infrastructure Law spending. With three years of this funding remaining, more federal investments must reach the communities that need them most. The Unite
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Espinoza, Daniel, Michael Griffith, Dion Burns, and Patrick M. Shields. Federal and State Resources for Students Experiencing Homelessness. Learning Policy Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54300/546.264.

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Approximately 1.3 million public school students in the United States were identified by their schools or districts as experiencing some form of homelessness in 2019–20. The housing instability faced by these students is associated with a range of acute needs, including transportation, food insecurity, health care, and emotional and mental health. These challenges have negative impacts for student learning and are associated with lower academic achievement and attainment. This report reviews major federal and state sources of funding for students experiencing homelessness. It finds that federa
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Lazonick, William, and Matt Hopkins. Why the CHIPS Are Down: Stock Buybacks and Subsidies in the U.S. Semiconductor Industry. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp165.

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The Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) is promoting the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Act, introduced in Congress in June 2020. An SIA press release describes the bill as “bipartisan legislation that would invest tens of billions of dollars in semiconductor manufacturing incentives and research initiatives over the next 5-10 years to strengthen and sustain American leadership in chip technology, which is essential to our country’s economy and national security.” On June 8, 2021, the Senate approved $52 billion for the CHIPS for America Act, ded
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2STNBGN Perspectives on Access to Justice: The zine. JusticeTrans, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/crr/23i22r-ze.

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We have seen many positive changes to the law in Canada in the decade or so to better address the needs of Two Spirit, trans, non-binary, and gender non-conforming (2STNBGN) people – such as the inclusion of gender identity and/or expression in human rights legislation and the ability to change one’s name and gender marker on government documents without needing to have gender affirming surgery. We’ve also seen an increase in far-right extremism across Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom, leading to a notable increase in anti-trans hate. Our own experiences and the findings of re
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