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Journal articles on the topic 'Ion beam focusing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Bieniosek, F. M., E. Henestroza, and P. Ni. "Funnel cone for focusing intense ion beams on a target." Laser and Particle Beams 28, no. 1 (2010): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034610000108.

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AbstractWe describe a funnel cone for concentrating an ion beam on a target. The cone utilizes the reflection characteristic of ion beams on solid walls to focus the incident beam and increase beam intensity on target. The cone has been modeled with the TRIM code. A prototype has been tested and installed for use in the 350-keV K+ NDCX target chamber.

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Pozimski, J., and M. Aslaninejad. "Gabor lenses for capture and energy selection of laser driven ion beams in cancer treatment." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 4 (2013): 723–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034613000761.

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AbstractThe application of laser accelerated ion beams in Hadron therapy requires ion beam optics with unique features. It has been shown that due to the spectral and spatial distribution of laser accelerated protons a lens based focusing system has advantages over aperture collimated beam formation. We present a compact ion optical system with therapy applications, based on Gabor space charge lenses for collecting, focusing and energy filtering the laser produced proton beam. For a full therapy solution, a scenario based on three space charge lenses is presented. In this very compact beam lin

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3

Imanari, Kazuo, Takeru Bingo, Kozue Sasaki, Weihua Jiang, Katsumi Masugata, and Kiyoshi Yatsui. "Evaluation of focusing characteristics of spherical plasma focus diode." Laser and Particle Beams 16, no. 1 (1998): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460001185x.

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Experiments and the associated simulations for the evaluation of the focusibility of spherical Plasma focus diode (SPFD) were carried out. To evaluate the ion beam focusibility, two types of time-integrated Rutherford scattering pinhole camera were used: angle-integrated and angle-resolved type. From the former method, the ion beam has been found to focus in a cylindrical area with 4.5mmφ × 6.0 mm. The ion density profile shows a peak at 2.5 mm downstream from the geometric focusing point. From the latter method, it is found that a large fraction of the ion beam is produced from the downstream

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4

Hosoya, S., H. Kashiwagi, and K. Yamada. "Simulation of laser-plasma focusing using taper solenoid." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2743, no. 1 (2024): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2743/1/012009.

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Abstract A laser ion source can produce ion beams of various elements, including high melting point metals. Owing to its ability to switch beams rapidly by loading multiple solid targets, we are developing a laser ion source to implement it in a 400 kV ion implanter, which requires a wide range of ion species. Although a laser ion source offers above advantages, most of the plasma is lost in an ion source due to the generation of the beam from a part of the diffused plasma with a broad angular distribution. To suppress this loss and enhance beam intensity, we employ a linear solenoid to increa

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5

Heimrich, B., H. J. Laue, and H. Wollnik. "RFQ final-focusing lens at the GSI." Laser and Particle Beams 9, no. 4 (1991): 863–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600006601.

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For first investigations of hot dense matter produced by intense heavy-ion beams we built an electrostatic quadrupole doublet that focused Ar+and Kr+ ions of 45 keV/amu after acceleration through the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator at the GSI onto a small spot of approximate area 1 mm2. This beam then deposited a specific beam power of about 1.5 GW/g to targets.

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6

Zhu, X. P., Q. Zhang, L. Ding, et al. "High-intensity pulsed ion beam focusing by its own space charge." Laser and Particle Beams 36, no. 4 (2018): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034618000514.

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AbstractThe paper presents the results of a study on propagation and focusing of high-intensity pulsed ion beams, produced by a self-magnetically insulated diode of semi-cylindrical geometry at the TEMP-6 accelerator (120 ns, 200–250 kV). We examined the space-charge neutralization of the beam, the energy density in the focus, the divergence of the beam, and its shot-to-shot displacement in the focal plane. It is found that the concentration of low-energy electrons in the beam is 1.3–1.5 times higher than the concentration of ions. We observed additional ion focusing by its own space charge. W

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Yatsui, K., A. Tokuchi, H. Tanaka, et al. "Geometric focusing of intense pulsed ion beams from racetrack type magnetically insulated diodes." Laser and Particle Beams 3, no. 2 (1985): 119–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460000135x.

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Focusing properties and mechanisms are experimentally investigated of an intense pulsed light-ion beam or a medium-mass ion beam extracted from racetrack type magnetically insulated diodes. Quantitative determinations are made for three factors that affect the focusing ability of the beam, i.e., local divergence angle, deviation angle from ideal trajectory and space-charge effect. Behaviour of electrons in an anodecathode gap as well as neutralizing process of the ion beam by electrons are studied in connection with beam focusing. It is found that there is a close correlation between ion yield

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8

Schnitzler, Wolfgang, Georg Jacob, Robert Fickler, Ferdinand Schmidt-Kaler, and Kilian Singer. "Focusing a deterministic single-ion beam." New Journal of Physics 12, no. 6 (2010): 065023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065023.

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9

Hu, Zhang-Hu, Yuan-Hong Song, Yong-Tao Zhao, and You-Nian Wang. "Modulation of continuous ion beams with low drift velocity by induced wakefield in background plasmas." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 1 (2013): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034612001115.

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AbstractTwo-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed to investigate the propagation of low energy continuous ion beams through background plasmas. It is shown that the continuous ion beam can be modulated into periodic short beam pulses by the induced wakefield, which can be adopted as a method to produce ultrashort ion beam pulses. Furthermore, the transport of the continuous ion beam in plasma with density gradient in the beam propagation direction is proposed and an enhanced longitudinal compression by density gradient is found due to the phase lock of ion pulses in the focusi

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10

Zhou, Y., Y. J. Zhai, Q. Y. Jin, et al. "Development of an energy spread analyzer for secondary ion mass spectrometry ion source." Review of Scientific Instruments 94, no. 4 (2023): 043302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0146274.

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The energy spread (ΔE) of an ion source is an important parameter in the production of a finely focused primary ion beam applied in secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). A variable-focusing retarding field energy analyzer (RFEA) has been developed and tested with an Ar+ beam and an oxygen ion beam extracted from a 2.45 GHz microwave ion source, which is developed as a candidate ion source for SIMS applications. The simulation results show that the relative resolution ΔE/E of the designed RFEA reaches 7 × 10−5. The experimental results indicate that a focusing electrode can improve the ΔE mea

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11

Tauschwitz, A., E. Boggasch, D. H. H. Hoffmann, et al. "Heavy-ion beam focusing with a wall-stabilized plasma lens." Laser and Particle Beams 13, no. 2 (1995): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009344.

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Focusing of heavy-ion beams is an important issue for ion beam-driven inertial confinement fusion. For the experimental program to investigate matter at high energy densities at GSI, the application of a plasma lens has attractive features compared to standard quadrupole lenses. A plasma lens using a wall-stabilized discharge has been systematically investigated and optimized for this purpose. Different lenses were tested in several runs at the GSI linear accelerator UNILAC and at the SIS-synchrotron. A remarkably high accuracy and reproducibility of the focusing were found. The focal spot siz

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12

Citron, A., W. Kühn, A. Rogner, W. Schimassek та O. Stoltz. "Investigation of a self-magnetically insulated Bθ-diode". Laser and Particle Beams 5, № 4 (1987): 565–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600003116.

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An ion diode, where the insulating magnetic Bθ-field is produced by the diode current itself, has been investigated. Using a novel Thomson-parabola spectrometer that is capable of detecting up to 41 beam traces at a single shot and a carbon activation diagnostic the ion beam has been analyzed. The diode, operating at “KALIF”, delivers ion beams of 750 kA at energies of about 0·7 MeV. The focusing version of the diode shows a focus size of 1 cm2, the beam is neutralized to 98–99%, the proton content is about 60%.

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13

Ni, P. A., B. G. Logan, S. M. Lund, et al. "Feasibility study of the magnetic beam self-focusing phenomenon in a stack of conducting foils: Application to TNSA proton beams." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 1 (2012): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034612001000.

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AbstractThis paper investigates prospects of utilizing a high-power laser-driven target-normal-sheath-acceleration proton beam for the experimental demonstration of the magnetic self-focusing phenomenon in charged particle beams. In the proposed concept, focusing is achieved by propagating a space-charge dominated ion beam through a stack of thin conducting and grounded foils separated by vacuum gaps. As the beam travels through the system, image charges build up at the foils and generate electric field that counteracts the beam's electrostatic self-field — a dominant force responsible for exp

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14

Klink, C., M. Schlaich, J. Fischer, A. Obertelli, A. Schmidt, and F. Wienholtz. "Development and commissioning of ion-optical elements for ion and antiproton beams with energies up to 5 keV." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 11 (2024): T11009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/t11009.

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Abstract In nuclear and atomic physics experiments, charged ion beams often need to be guided from the ion production to the experimental site. In the PUMA experiment, an ion source beamline was developed, which can be operated with up to 5 keV beam energy at a base pressure of 10-9 mbar or better. In this technical report, a low-energy pulsed drift tube for beam energy modification, a hybrid einzel lens assembly for beam focusing and steering and an iris shutter assembly for separating beamline sections with different vacuum requirements are described with their design principles and performa

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15

DYUBKOV, VYACHESLAV SERGEEVICH, and EDUARD SERGEEVICH MASUNOV. "INVESTIGATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF LOW-ENERGY HEAVY-ION BEAM DYNAMICS IN PERIODIC AXISYMMETRICAL STRUCTURES WITH DC FOCUSING." International Journal of Modern Physics A 24, no. 05 (2009): 843–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x09044334.

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It is well-known that nonsynchronous harmonics of a RF field can focus particles. In order to focus ultra-low energy beam particles, a spatially periodic electrostatic field can be used, too. In this case the transverse focusing is provided by a periodic array of electrostatic lenses. This article is dedicated to questions of two high-current low-energy beam focusing types used in an injector-buncher of an ion linear accelerator, an application of a spatially periodic electrostatic focusing being examined for the first time. A two-dimensional nonlinear motion equation is derived in the Hamilto

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16

Alexandrov, V. S., G. G. Gulbekian, and N. Yu Kazarinov. "Focusing an ion beam by axial electrode." Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters 7, no. 7 (2010): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1547477110070253.

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17

Ishikuro, K., K. Takahashi, T. Sasaki, et al. "Effect of solenoidal magnetic field on ion charge state distribution in laser ion source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2743, no. 1 (2024): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2743/1/012061.

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Abstract Applying a solenoidal magnetic field to a laser produced plasma is a method to increase the ion beam current supplied from a laser ion source to applications. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the solenoid magnetic field on the charge state distribution of the ion beam extracted from the laser ion source. A plasma generated by a Nd: YAG laser was injected into the solenoid lens with a length of 25 mm. The current waveforms of ion beams extracted from the laser produced plasmas were measured as a function of solenoidal field strength. In addition, the variation

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18

Matsumoto, M., S. Kawata, Y. Masubuchi, et al. "Focusing of intense light-ion beam by self magnetic field." Laser and Particle Beams 6, no. 3 (1988): 555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600005474.

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This paper presents an analysis for focusing of an intense proton beam by a self-magnetic field. In this analysis, the self-magnetic field is used in a positive sense for beam focusing. The computation employs an equation for the beam trajectory in which the effect of the self-magnetic field is included. The results show that it is possible to use the self-magnetic field for the good beam focusing.

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19

Ter-Avetisyan, S., M. Schnürer, R. Polster, P. V. Nickles, and W. Sandner. "First demonstration of collimation and monochromatisation of a laser accelerated proton burst." Laser and Particle Beams 26, no. 4 (2008): 637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034608000712.

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AbstractLaser produced ion beams have a large divergence angle and a wide energy spread. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of collimation and monochromatisation of laser accelerated proton beams, using a permanent quadrupole magnet lens system. It acts as a tunable band pass filter by collimating or focusing the protons with the same energy. Because it gathers nearly the whole proton emission, a strong enhancement of the beam density appears. For the collimated beam, an increase of the proton density in the (3.7 ± 0.3) MeV energy band up to a factor of ~30, from possible 40, re

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20

Ryabchikov A.I. and Sivin D.O. "Generation of high-power submillisecond metal ion beams." Technical Physics Letters 48, no. 11 (2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tpl.2022.11.54891.19293.

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The possibility of using one grid electrode in the form of a part of a sphere for extraction from a free plasma boundary and focusing of metal ions is shown for the first time using titanium ions as an example to form a pulsed beam with a duration of 500 μs and a power density reaching 105 W/cm2. The results of studying the influence of the amplitude of the accelerating voltage in the range of 9-30 kV and the size of the grid cells on the efficiency of space charge neutralization and ion beam focusing are presented. Keywords: metal ions, vacuum arc plasma, submillisecond beams, high power dens

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21

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Generated and shifted of Ion beams By Electrostatic Lenses (Einzel lens)." Baghdad Science Journal 12, no. 4 (2015): 814–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.12.4.814-821.

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In this paper, the path of the extracted and focused ions by the electrostatic lense having three electrodes of the same size and shape have been studied. However, the first and third electrodes had a different potential from the second electrode and the distance between any three electrodes was (d).The beams of the charged particles were controlled by using electrostatic fields which are used for accelerating and focusing. This paper focuses also on the effect of electrodes potentials on ion beam focusing. It is found that the best focusing was achieved when the values of the potential of the

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22

Angot, J., O. Tarvainen, P. Chauveau, et al. "The longitudinal energy spread of ion beams extracted from an electron cyclotron resonance ion source." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 04 (2023): P04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/04/p04018.

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Abstract We present a study of factors affecting the energy spread of ion beams extracted from a Charge Breeder Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (CB-ECRIS). The comprehensive simulations, supported by experiments with a Retarding Field Analyser (RFA), reveal that the longitudinal and transverse energy spread of the extracted beams are strongly affected by the electrostatic focusing effects, namely the extraction geometry and plasma beam boundary, to the extent that the electrostatic effects dominate over the magnetic field induced rotation of the beam or the effect of plasma potential a

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23

Basten, M., K. Aulenbacher, W. Barth, et al. "Continuous wave interdigital H-mode cavities for alternating phase focusing heavy ion acceleration." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 6 (2022): 063303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0094859.

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In the future, a new superconducting (SC) continuous wave (CW) high intensity heavy ion HElmholtz LInear ACcelerator (HELIAC) should provide ion beams with maximum beam energy above the Coulomb barrier for the Super Heavy Element program at GSI ( Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, in Engl.: Association for Heavy Ion Research). The HELIAC consists of a SC main accelerator supplied by a normal conducting injector, which comprises an electron cyclotron resonance ion source, a radio-frequency quadrupole, and two separate interdigital H-mode drift-tube linear accelerator cavities, based on an A

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Dietrich, K. G., K. Mahrt-Olt, J. Jacoby, et al. "Beam–plasma interaction experiments with heavy-ion beams." Laser and Particle Beams 8, no. 4 (1990): 583–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009010.

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The progress of the experimental research program at GSI for studying beam-plasma interaction phenomena is reported. Heavy-ion beams from the new accelerator facility SIS/ESR at GSI-Darmstadt are now available for experiments, and will soon deliver ≥ 109 particles per pulse in 100 ns. Focused on a small sample of matter, the beams will be able to produce a high-density plasma and to permit investigation of interaction processes of heavy ions with hot ionized matter.For the intense beam from the new heavy-ion synchrotron (SIS), a fine-focus system has been designed to produce a high specific de

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25

Sudan, R. N. "Inertial confinement fusion with magnetically compressed ion rings." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 2 (1993): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600004997.

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Ballistic propagation and focusing of intense light-ion beams requires (1) close limits on allowable beam divergence (∼5 mrad) and (2) gas-filled magnetic lenses that must function effectively even if deleterious self-fields are generated during the passage of the beam through the lens. An alternative to ballistic focusing was suggested some years ago in which magnetically compressed light-ion rings capable of delivering 3–4 MJ in a pulse of ∼1 ns are transported to the target in a tube. This concept is reexamined in light of recent work on the creation of ion rings and magnetic compression of

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26

Vakhrushev, Dimitrii Olegovich, Sergey Valentinovich Dektyarev, and Olga Sergeevna Korneva. "Features of titanium ion beams formation taking into account ion-electron emission realizing the synergy of high-intensity ion implantation and pulsed energy impact on the surface." Materials. Technologies. Design 5, no. 4 (14) (2023): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54708/26587572_2023_5414146.

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In this work, we show the possibility of forming titanium ion beams of submillisecond durationin the average ion energy range from 20 to 60 keV with a maximum ion current densityof 3.3 A/cm2 at a pulsed power density of 132 kW/cm2 in individual pulses. The dependence of theion-electron emission coefficient on the average energy and current of the arc discharge is presented.It has been established that the ion-electron emission coefficient in the case of irradiation of a stainlesssteel target with a beam of titanium ions reaches a value of 1.6 at an average ion energy of 60 keV.The dependences

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27

WELCH, D. R., D. V. ROSE, W. M. SHARP, C. L. OLSON, and S. S. YU. "Effects of preneutralization on heavy ion fusion chamber transport." Laser and Particle Beams 20, no. 4 (2002): 621–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602204279.

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Beams for heavy ion fusion are likely to require at least partial neutralization in the reactor chamber. Present target designs call for higher beam currents and smaller focal spots than most earlier designs, leading to high space-charge fields. Focusing is complicated by beam stripping in the low-pressure background gas expected in chambers. One method proposed for neutralization is passing an ion beam through a plasma before the beam enters the chamber. In this article, the electromagnetic particle-in-cell code LSP is used to study the effectiveness of this form of preneutralization for a ra

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28

KAWATA, SHIGEO, TETSUO SOMEYA, TAKASHI NAKAMURA, SHUJI MIYAZAKI, KOJI SHIMIZU, and ALEKSANDAR I. OGOYSKI. "Heavy ion beam final transport through an insulator guide in heavy ion fusion." Laser and Particle Beams 21, no. 1 (2003): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602211064.

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Key issues of heavy ion beam (HIB) inertial confinement fusion (ICF) include an efficient stable beam transport, beam focusing, uniform fuel pellet implosion, and so on. To realize a HIB fine focus on a fuel pellet, space-charge neutralization of incident focusing HIB is required at the HIB final transport just after a final focusing element in an HIB accelerator. In this article, an insulator annular tube guide is proposed at the final transport part, through which a HIB is transported. The physical mechanism of HIB charge neutralization based on an insulator annular guide is as follows: A lo

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29

Javan, N. Sepehri, and M. Hosseinpour Azad. "Thermal behavior change in the self-focusing of an intense laser beam in magnetized electron-ion-positron plasma." Laser and Particle Beams 32, no. 2 (2014): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034614000184.

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AbstractSelf-focusing of an intense circularly-polarized laser beam in a hot electron-positron-ion magneto-plasma is studied. Using a relativistic fluid model, nonlinear equation describing laser-plasma interaction in the quasi-neutral approximation is derived. Expanding nonlinear current density in terms of normalized vector potential and saving only the parabolic terms, we investigated the self-focusing phenomenon for right- and left-hand circularly polarized laser beams. The evolution of laser beam spot size with Gaussian profile is considered. Effects of the external magnetic field, fracti

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LOGAN, B. G., C. M. CELATA, J. W. KWAN, et al. "Overview of virtual national laboratory objectives, plans, and projects." Laser and Particle Beams 20, no. 3 (2002): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602203018.

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Significant experimental and theoretical progress has been made in the U.S. heavy ion fusion program on high-current sources, transport, and focusing. Currents over 200 mA have been transported through a matching section and 10 half-lattice periods with electric quadrupoles. An experiment shows control of high-beam current with an aperture, while avoiding secondary electrons. New theory and simulations of the neutralization of intense beam space charge with plasma in various focusing chamber configurations predict that near-emittance-limited beam focal spot sizes can be obtained even with beam

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Ryabchikov, A. I., S. V. Dektyarev, O. S. Korneva, and D. O. Vakhrushev. "Powerful pulsed titanium ion beams formation of submillisecond duration from vacuum arc plasma." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 11 (2022): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/65/11/138.

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The development of a method to improve performance properties of various materials, based on the synergy of high-intensity ion implantation and simultaneous energy impact on the surface, is aimed at creating deep ion-doped layers. Repetitively-pulsed high-power density beams of metal and gas ions with submillisecond duration are required to implement this method. This article presents the results of experimental studies on the forming pulsed high-intensity titanium ion beams from vacuum arc plasma. The effect on focusing and transport efficiency of the cell sizes of the grid focusing electrode

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Nagaoka, K., R. Nakamoto, T. Sasaki, et al. "Beam instability in the vicinity of beam extraction region of negative ion source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2244, no. 1 (2022): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012043.

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Abstract Beam instability in the presheath region of negative ion beam extraction is investigated in theoretically and experimentally. The linear stability analysis shows that the beam instability is unstable due to coupling between positive ion flow and negative ion flow. On the other hand, no clear activity can be seen in the experiment in the frequency range predicted by the theory. The beam instability in the presheath region of negative ion beam extraction may not cause the degradation of the beam focusing because of collisional damping and/or Landau damping.

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Jiang, Weihua, Toshiya Sakagami, Katsumi Masugata, and Kiyoshi Yatsui. "Three-dimensional, tight focusing of intense pulsed light-ion beam by spherical plasma focus diode." Laser and Particle Beams 13, no. 2 (1995): 343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009459.

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A new type of ion-beam diode, self-magnetically insulated, spherical plasma focus diode (SPFD), was developed. With the SPFD, three-dimensional focusing of an intense pulsed light-ion beam was obtained. Experiments and simulations were carried out to study the behavior of the SPFD. In the experiments, diagnostic results of the Rutherford scattering pinhole camera and the shadow-box showed that the ion beam was focused into a small cylindrical area with ∽0.5 mm in diameter and ∽2.5 mm in length. The average ion-beam current density at the anode surface was found to be ∽2 kA/cm2. In the simulati

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34

Imasaki, K., S. Miyamoto, N. Yugami, et al. "Results on light ion beam studies for inertial confinement fusion at the Institute of Laser Energetics." Laser and Particle Beams 5, no. 4 (1987): 609–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600003153.

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Recent progress in research on Light Ion Beams-Inertial Confinement Fusion (LIB-ICF) at ILE, Osaka University is summarized. We report on pulsed power compression using PEOS, a super high voltage source, on diode physics, on beam trajectory control for focusing, on beam-target interactions and on a conceptual reactor design (Rokko I) in this article.

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35

Kreckel, H., H. Bruhns, K. A. Miller, et al. "A simple double-focusing electrostatic ion beam deflector." Review of Scientific Instruments 81, no. 6 (2010): 063304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3433485.

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36

Johnson, J. C., N. D'Angelo, and R. L. Merlino. "Ion-beam focusing in a double-plasma device." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 16, no. 5 (1988): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/27.8970.

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37

Kraft, Robert, Bruce Kusse, and John Moschella. "Collective focusing of an intense pulsed ion beam." Physics of Fluids 30, no. 1 (1987): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866182.

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38

Soliman, B. A., M. M. Abdelrahman, A. G. Helal, and F. W. Abdelsalam. "Simulation of ion beam extraction and focusing system." Chinese Physics C 35, no. 1 (2011): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/35/1/017.

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39

Goretsky, V. P., I. A. Soloshenko, and A. I. Shchedrin. "Space-charge lens for focusing negative ion beam." Review of Scientific Instruments 73, no. 3 (2002): 1161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1431406.

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Funayama, Tomoo. "Heavy-Ion Microbeams for Biological Science: Development of System and Utilization for Biological Experiments in QST-Takasaki." Quantum Beam Science 3, no. 2 (2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs3020013.

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Target irradiation of biological material with a heavy-ion microbeam is a useful means to analyze the mechanisms underlying the effects of heavy-ion irradiation on cells and individuals. At QST-Takasaki, there are two heavy-ion microbeam systems, one using beam collimation and the other beam focusing. They are installed on the vertical beam lines of the azimuthally-varying-field cyclotron of the TIARA facility for analyzing heavy-ion radiation effects on biological samples. The collimating heavy-ion microbeam system is used in a wide range of biological research not only in regard to cultured

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Ishii, Yasuyuki, Takeru Ohkubo, and Yuichi Saito. "Developing a penning ionization gauge ion source with a filament for a compact ion microbeam system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2743, no. 1 (2024): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2743/1/012016.

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Abstract We present the development of a penning ionization gauge ion source with a filament (F-PIG) for producing submicron ion beams in a compact ion microbeam system. The conventional penning ionization gauge ion source (PIG) represents a viable choice for microbeam system due to its compact size and low power consumption. However, directly utilizing a PIG for generating submicron ion beam poses challenges, primarily from significant energy spread, causing substantial aberrations. Considering this, this study proposes a solving the generation of low-voltage discharge plasma, achieved using

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Das, Basanta, Anurag Shyam, Rashmita Das, and Durga Rao. "Simulation studies of the ion beam transport system in a compact electrostatic accelerator-based D-D neutron generator." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 29, no. 4 (2014): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1404326d.

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The study of an ion beam transport mechanism contributes to the production of a good quality ion beam with a higher current and better beam emittance. The simulation of an ion beam provides the basis for optimizing the extraction system and the acceleration gap for the ion source. In order to extract an ion beam from an ion source, a carefully designed electrode system for the required beam energy must be used. In our case, a self-extracted penning ion source is used for ion generation, extraction and acceleration with a single accelerating gap for the production of neutrons. The characteristi

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Pushkarev, A. I., Yu I. Isakova, and I. P. Khailov. "The influence of a shield on intense ion beam transportation." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 3 (2013): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034613000530.

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AbstractThis article presents the results of a study on transportation of a pulse ion beam of gigawatt power. This beam is formed by a self-magnetically insulated diode with an explosive-emission cathode. The experiments have been performed using the TEMP-4M pulsed ion accelerator configured in double-pulse formation mode with the first negative pulse (300–500 ns, 100–150 kV), followed by the second positive pulse (150 ns, 250–300 kV). To increase the effectiveness of ion beam focusing, a metal shield is installed on a grounded electrode. Investigations are performed using a strip focusing dio

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Chu, Yimeng, Zhijun Wang, Junren Huang, et al. "Design of the gradient dipole magnet for LLICTF." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2687, no. 6 (2024): 062005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2687/6/062005.

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Abstract The Lanzhou Light Ion Cancer Therapy Facility (LLICTF) is a compact medical accelerator currently under construction. It is designed to treat cancer using a 230 MeV, 30 mA H+ beam and a 85 MeV/u, 1 mA 3He2+ beam. The facility comprises two ion sources, a low-energy beam-transport (LEBT), a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ), a medium-energy beam-transport (MEBT), and the main ring accelerating structure. Due to the presence of two ion sources, it is necessary to introduce a dipole magnet which is symmetrically focused as much as possible to meet the focusing requirements of the LEBT bea

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Bystritskii, V. M., A. V. Kharlov, G. A. Mesyats, A. V. Mytnikov, and A. A. Sinebrjukhov. "Experiments on generation of a high-power ion beam in a plasma-filled diode." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 1 (1993): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007102.

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The experimental results on high-power ion beams (HPIB) generation in a plasma-filled, spherical-focusing diode with self-magnetic insulation that was placed for a load at nanosecond accelerator PARUS of 0.2-TW power and 60-ns pulse duration (in a matched load case) are given. The regimes of plasma-filled diode operation and generation of the ion beam were investigated. For optimal time delay between the plasma gun's pulse and accelerator firing, the stable operation in the plasma opening switch mode with a power enhancement factor of 2.3 and efficiency of ion beam generation of 20–25% was obt

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Gall, Amy, Grant Mondeel, Adam Foster, Endre Takacs, Nancy Brickhouse, and Randall Smith. "Effective electron density measurement via ion emission imaging in the SAO EBIT." Journal of Instrumentation 20, no. 06 (2025): C06036. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/06/c06036.

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Abstract Electron beam ion traps (EBITs) are compact devices optimized for producing ions in high charge states for spectroscopic studies or as extracted beams. Key characteristics, such as current density and electron-ion overlap, govern ionization and excitation rates. Using visible and X-ray imaging of emissions from highly charged ions, the spatial distributions of the electron beam and ion cloud in the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) EBIT were measured, enabling the determination of the effective electron density. The nominal electron beam full width at half maximum (FWHM) was

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Малышев, И. В., М. С. Михайленко, А. Е. Пестов, М. Н. Торопов, А. К. Чернышев та Н. И. Чхало. "Внеосевой асферический коллектор для экстремальной ультрафиолетовой литографии и мягкой рентгеновской микроскопии". Журнал технической физики 93, № 7 (2023): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2023.07.55754.99-23.

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By the method of ion-beam shape correction, a small-sized ion beam formed a non–axisymmetric aspherical profile of the collector surface for an extreme ultraviolet radiation source TEUS-S100 with a numerical aperture of NA= 0.25, PV on the surface is 36.3 microns, the surface shape accuracy by standard deviation is 0.074 microns, which allowed to obtain a focusing spot with a width of 300 microns at half-height. To solve the problem, the technological ion source KLAN-53M was upgraded – the flat ion-optical system was replaced with a focusing one. The ion-optical system consisting of a pair of

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Thoma, K. I., M. Droba, and O. Meusel. "Investigation, simulation and first measurements of a 2 m long electron column trapped in a Gabor-Lens device." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2420, no. 1 (2023): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2420/1/012042.

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Abstract Various Gabor-Lenses (GL) were investigated at Goethe University. Confinements of sufficient electron densities (ne ∼ 1 · 1015 m3) were reached without any external source of electrons. Focusing of ion beams by low energy was demonstrated, long term stability and reproducibility were approved. Main differences compared to experiments and investigations of the pure non-neutral in Penning-Malmberg traps [1] are higher residual gas pressure and therefore higher collision rates, higher bulk temperatures, self-sustaining electron production process, much higher evaporation cooling rate. GL

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Johnson, D. J., S. E. Rosenthal, R. S. Coats, et al. "Lithium beam generation and focusing with a radial diode on PBFAII." Laser and Particle Beams 16, no. 1 (1998): 185–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600011861.

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The performance of a 15-cm-radius applied-magnetic-field ion diode was investigated on the PBFA II accelerator at a power of 23 TW. The power coupling between the accelerator and diode was measured and compared with numerical simulations that show the effects of the electron flow in the MITL. The power coupled to the cathode of the diode was 18 MW. Measurements of the lithium beam generated from an electric-field-emission LiF anode showed a lithium beam power of 9 TW. The lithium beam was ballistically focused in a gas cell filled with 2 torr argon. The resultant focused power density was ∼1.8

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Nagano, Mikinori, Fumiya Yamaga, Dai Yamazaki, Ryuji Maruyama, Kauhiko Soyama, and Kazuya Yamamura. "Quadruple Stacked Elliptical Supermirror Device for One Dimensional Neutron Focusing." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.272.

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Focusing neutron beam with wide wavelength range is an indispensable technique used to compensate for weak signals from tiny samples in various experiments using pulsed neutron beam generated from high intensity proton accelerator facilities, such as J-PARC. Aspherical supermirror device is one of the most effective optical devices for focusing neutron beam with wide wavelength range since it has no chromatic aberration. Stack of aspherical supermirror enables us to focus neutron beams with wide divergence. Thin mirrors with a millimeter thickness are required to minimize the absorption loss o

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