Journal articles: 'Ion exchange – Data processing'

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Kosandrovich, E. G., L. N. Shachenkova, A. L. Pushkarchuk, T. V. Bez’yazychnaya, and V. S. Soldatov. "Mathematical description of ethylamine sorption from air by fibrous cation exchangers under conditions of limited sorbate permeability." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series 56, no. 1 (March 19, 2020): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8331-2020-56-1-7-14.

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A mathematical model for description of the sorption capacity of ion exchangers on alkaline compounds protonizable in aqueous solutions (exemplified by ammonia, mono-, diand triethylamine) was proposed. The Henry’s constants for these substances were experimentally determined. The model accounts for the concentration and acid-base properties of the sorbate, relative air humidity, acid-base properties and exchange capacity of the ion exchanger, as well as spatial availability of functional groups for interaction under conditions of limited permeability of polymeric ion exchanger. The applicability of the model is illustrated by processing the experimental results on the sorption of ammonia and ethylamines by fibrous carboxylic and sulfonic cation exchangers. Good agreement between the calculated and experimental data is observed.

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Elkady, M. F., E. M. El-Sayed, H. A. Farag, and A. A. Zaatout. "Assessment of Novel Synthetized Nanozirconium Tungstovanadate as Cation Exchanger for Lead Ion Decontamination." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/149312.

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A novel nanozirconium tungstovanadate that was assigned as a cation exchanger was synthetized using sol-gel preparation technique. The response of synthesis parameter variation on the properties of the produced ion exchanger was elucidated. The reactant molar ratio, gelation temperature, and HCl concentration have been optimized to attain cation exchanger with high ion exchange capacity and lead ion sorption. The most proper prepared sample has been chemically and physically characterized using different techniques. The ion exchange capacity of this sample was 2.5 meq/g and it recoded 96% lead ion sorption. The effects of the different processing parameters that affect lead sorption process have been investigated by a single factor method. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to the experimental data to examine the lead uptake mechanism.

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Caputo, Domenico, and Francesco Pepe. "Experiments and data processing of ion exchange equilibria involving Italian natural zeolites: a review." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 105, no. 3 (October 2007): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.04.024.

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Parachalil, Drishya Rajan, Brenda Brankin, Jennifer McIntyre, and Hugh J. Byrne. "Raman spectroscopic analysis of high molecular weight proteins in solution – considerations for sample analysis and data pre-processing." Analyst 143, no. 24 (2018): 5987–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an01701h.

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This study explores the potential of Raman spectroscopy, coupled with multivariate regression techniques and ion exchange chromatography, to quantitatively monitor diagnostically relevant changes in high molecular weight proteins in liquid plasma.

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Tabani, Iqbal, and Byron Kratochvil. "System Design Strategy for Micro-Computer Controlled Data Acquisition/Processing of an Ion-Exchange Atomic-Absorption System for Ion Speciation." Instrumentation Science & Technology 14, no. 2 (January 1985): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10739148508543574.

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Vecino, X., M. Reig, C. Valderrama, and J. L. Cortina. "Ion-Exchange Technology for Lactic Acid Recovery in Downstream Processing: Equilibrium and Kinetic Parameters." Water 13, no. 11 (June 2, 2021): 1572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13111572.

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The downstream processing for the separation and purification of lactic acid is a hot research area in the bio-refinery field due to its continuous growing market in different sectors, such as the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical sectors. In this work, the use of ion-exchange technology for lactic acid recovery is proposed. For that, four anion exchange resins with different polymer structures and functional groups were tested (A100, MN100, A200E and MP64). The sorption process was optimized by the Box–Behnken factorial design, and the experimental data obtained in the sorption process were analyzed by using the response surface methodology and fitted at different isotherms and kinetics models. Moreover, regenerant type, contact time and solid/liquid ratio were evaluated in the desorption process. Results showed that the best resin for lactic acid removal was A100, at pH = 4, with a resin/lactic acid solution ratio of 0.15 g/mL during a maximum of 1 h, achieving 85% of lactic acid removal. Moreover, equilibrium data sorption of lactic acid onto A100 resin was fitted by a Langmuir isotherm and by a kinetic model of a pseudo-second order. In addition, in the desorption process, it was stablished that a resin/regenerant ratio of 0.15 g/mL during 30 min with 0.1 M of NaOH solution provided the best results (4.45 ± 0.08 mg/g).

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Khosravi, Monireh, Vinuthaa Murthy, and Ian D R Mackinnon. "The Exchange Mechanism of Alkaline and Alkaline-Earth Ions in Zeolite N." Molecules 24, no. 20 (October 10, 2019): 3652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203652.

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Zeolite N is a synthetic zeolite of the EDI framework family from the more than 200 known zeolite types. Previous experimental laboratory and field data show that zeolite N has a high capacity for exchange of ions. Computational modelling and simulation techniques are effective tools that help explain the atomic-scale behaviour of zeolites under different processing conditions and allow comparison with experiment. In this study, the ion exchange behaviour of synthetic zeolite N in an aqueous environment is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The exchange mechanism of K+ extra-framework cations with alkaline and alkaline-earth cations NH4+, Li+, Na+, Rb+, Cs+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ is explored in different crystallographic directions inside the zeolite N structure. Moreover, the effect of different framework partial charges on MD simulation results obtained from different DFT calculations are examined. The results show that the diffusion and exchange of cations in zeolite N are affected by shape and size of channels controlling the ion exchange flow as well as the nature of cation, ionic size and charge density.

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Khan, Muhammad Imran, Abdallah Shanableh, Javier Fernandez, Mushtaq Hussain Lashari, Shabnam Shahida, Suryyia Manzoor, Shagufta Zafar, Aziz ur Rehman, and Noureddine Elboughdiri. "Synthesis of DMEA-Grafted Anion Exchange Membrane for Adsorptive Discharge of Methyl Orange from Wastewaters." Membranes 11, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030166.

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This manuscript describes the synthesis of dimethylethanolamine (DMEA)-grafted anion exchange membrane (AEM) by incorporating dimethylethanolamine as ion-exchange content into the polymer matrix via the solution casting method. The synthesis of the DMEA-grafted AEM was demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The prepared DMEA-grafted AEM exhibited higher thermal stability, homogeneous morphology, water uptake (WR) of 115%, and an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 2.70 meq/g. It was used for the adsorptive removal of methyl orange (MO) from an aqueous solution via batch processing. The effect of several operating factors, including contact time, membrane dosage, initial concentration of aqueous dye solution, and temperature on the percentage discharge of MO and adsorption capacity, was evaluated. Experimental data for adsorption of MO onto the DMEA-grafted AEM was analyzed with two parameter and three parameter nonlinear adsorption isotherm models but fitted best using a nonlinear Freundlich isotherm. Adsorption kinetics were studied by using several models, and attained results showed that experimental data fitted well to pseudo-second-order kinetics. A thermodynamic study showed that adsorption of MO onto the prepared DMEA-grafted AEM was an endothermic process. Moreover, it was a feasible and spontaneous process.

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Dianu, Aurelia Magdalena, and Relu Ion Dobrin. "Separation and quantification of 90Sr from ion-exchange resin radioactive waste: methods and techniques of analysis." Radiochimica Acta 108, no. 8 (August 27, 2020): 627–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2019-3213.

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AbstractFour methods for 90Sr separation from spent ion-exchange resin samples were carried out, offering a useful methodology to achieve interferences free 90Sr fractions. The four methods consist in resin sample decomposition, pre-treatment and selective separation of 90Sr by using: (a) a single chromatographic extraction process, (b) double chromatographic extraction, (c) a single chromatographic extraction process followed in sequence by two precipitations, and (d) ion-exchange chromatography, followed by extraction chromatography and precipitation. Mineralization by microwave acid digestion and the four 90Sr separation methods thoroughly presented are available. Data processing methods (adjustable modified efficiency tracing – a new improved approach for the efficiency tracing LSC technique, non-linear regression and α-β discrimination) to obtain the activities values of α, β-γ, pure β emitters and the evaluation of chemical recovery yield of strontium were presented. A discussion about activity assessment in 90Sr purified fractions, providing a convincing argument to support the accuracy of the 90Sr separation methods, is also offered.

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Varro, A., and G. J. Dockray. "Post-translational processing of progastrin: inhibition of cleavage, phosphorylation and sulphation by brefeldin A." Biochemical Journal 295, no. 3 (November 1, 1993): 813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2950813.

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The precursor for the acid-stimulating hormone gastrin provides a useful model for studies of post-translational processing because defined sites of cleavage, amidation, sulphation and phosphorylation occur within a dodecapeptide sequence. The factors determining these post-translational processing events are still poorly understood. We have used brefeldin A, which disrupts transport from rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex, to examine the mechanisms of cleavage, phosphorylation and sulphation of rat progastrin-derived peptides. Biosynthetic products were detected after immunoprecipitation using antibodies specific for the extreme C-terminus of progastrin, followed by reversed-phase and ion-exchange h.p.l.c. Gastrin cells incorporated [3H]tyrosine, [32P]phosphate and [35S]sulphate into both progastrin and its extreme C-terminal tryptic (nona-) peptide. Ion-exchange chromatography resolved four forms of the C-terminal tryptic fragment of progastrin which differed in whether they were phosphorylated at Ser96, sulphated at Tyr103, both or neither. The specific activity of [3H]tyrosine in the peak that was both phosphorylated and sulphated was higher than in the others. Brefeldin A inhibited the appearance of [3H]tyrosine-labelled C-terminal tryptic fragment but there was an accumulation of labelled progastrin and a peptide corresponding to the C-terminal 46 residues of progastrin. Brefeldin A also inhibited incorporation of 32P and 35S into both progastrin and its C-terminal fragment. Thus phosphorylation of Ser96, sulphation of Tyr103 and cleavage at Arg94-Arg95 depend on passage of newly synthesized progastrin along the secretory pathway; as brefeldin A is thought to act proximal to the trans-Golgi, these processing steps would appear to occur distal to this point. The data also indicate that the stores of unphosphorylated C-terminal tryptic fragment are not available for phosphorylation, implying that this modification occurs proximal to the secretory granule; cleavage is known to occur in the secretory granule which suggests that it occurs after phosphorylation.

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Zhong, Qin, Tao Luo, Zhengjuan Yan, Lin Yang, Zhiye Zhang, and Xinlong Wang. "Purification of Wet-Process Phosphoric Acid via Donnan Dialysis with a Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Cation-Exchange Membrane." Membranes 11, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11040298.

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This work reports the application of an electromembrane process, Donnan dialysis (DD), for the purification of so-called wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA). Nitric acid is used as the stripping solution to remove metallic cations (mostly Fe3+, Al3+, and Mg2+) that are harmful to the further processing of WPA. The paper first presents a set of experimental data on the measurements of the metallic cation fluxes through a perfluorinated sulfonic acid cation-exchange membrane. Not only WPA, but also synthetic phosphoric acid solutions with mixed metallic cations (MPA) and with a single metallic cation (SPA) were studied. This confrontation confirms (1) that the order of metallic cations fluxes is Mg2+ > Al3+ > Fe3+; (2) that, compared with MPA, the purification effect of WPA causes only negligible change; (3) that, by comparing the DD processes with SPA and MPA solutions, the reason for the low transmembrane fluxes of Fe3+ and Al3+ could be explained by the large ionic charge and large hydrated ion radius. Furthermore, by analyzing the ion composition of membranes equilibrated in SPA solutions, we conclude that the forms of cations in the membrane are most likely Fe3+, Al3+, and Mg2+.

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Vrouhakis, Ioannis, Evangelos Tziritis, Andreas Panagopoulos, and Georgios Stamatis. "Hydrogeochemical and Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tirnavos Basin, Central Greece." Water 13, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13060759.

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A combined hydrogeochemical and hydrodynamic characterization for the assessment of key aspects related to groundwater resources management was performed in a highly productive agricultural basin of the Thessaly region in central Greece. A complementary suite of tools and methods—including graphical processing, hydrogeochemical modeling, multivariate statistics and environmental isotopes—have been applied to a comprehensive dataset of physicochemical analyses and water level measurements. Results revealed that the initial hydrogeochemistry of groundwater was progressively impacted by secondary phenomena (e.g., ion exchange and redox reactions) which were clearly delineated into distinct zones according to data processing. The progressive evolution of groundwater was further verified by the variation of the saturation indices of critical minerals. In addition, the combined use of water level measurements delineated the major pathways of groundwater flow. Interestingly, the additional joint assessment of environmental isotopes revealed a new pathway from E–NE (which had never before been validated), thus highlighting the importance of the joint tools/methods application in complex scientific tasks. The application of multivariate statistics identified the dominant processes that control hydrogeochemistry and fit well with identified hydrodynamic mechanisms. These included (as dominant factor) the salinization impact due to the combined use of irrigation water return and evaporitic mineral leaching, as well as the impact of the geogenic calcareous substrate (mainly karstic calcareous formations and dolostones). Secondary factors, acting as processes (e.g., redox and ion exchange), were identified and found to be in line with initial assessment, thus validating the overall characterization. Finally, the outcomes may prove to be valuable in the progression toward sustainable groundwater resources management. The results have provided spatial and temporal information for significant parameters, sources, and processes—which, as a methodological approach, could be adopted in similar cases of other catchments.

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Zubkova, Olga, Aleksey Alexeev, Arseniy Polyanskiy, Kirill Karapetyan, Olga Kononchuk, and Markus Reinmöller. "Complex Processing of Saponite Waste from a Diamond-Mining Enterprise." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 6615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146615.

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The solution of the sludge utilization problem and yield increase at processing plants have great importance today all over the world. Disasters associated with the tailings dams failures have madeus develop technologies of tailings sludge utilization as a commercial product, reducing the environmental damage on the regions of mineral extraction. This research aimed to provide new data, methods and an analytical approach to solve the saponite sludge accumulation problem on mining enterprises with silicate coagulant to increase the rate of cycle water clarification for the enrichment process and the recycling of sludge to reduce its hazardous effect. Samples were taken in the deposit located in the north of the European part of Russia, where diamond bearing ore contain montmorillonite minerals, mostly saponite, which is considered to be a perspective secondary product. The content of this mineral in the sludge is above 20 wt.%. Saponite is a clay mineral with the general chemical formula (Ca,Na)0.3(Mg, Fe2+)3(Si, Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O. The mineral has high adsorption, ion exchange, and catalytic and filtration properties; due to the developed diffuse layer, saponite particles are highly stable in an aqueous medium—the resulting suspension is highly stable and has slow sedimentation. During the research, a positive effect on the sedimentation process of clay saponite particles was established, due to the introduction of a coagulant containing 70% tricalcium silicate, at a dosage of 2 g/dm3 coagulant; the degree of purification of water containing the saponite clay suspension is 99%. The condensed sediment after the thermal drying and with the limestone addition can be used again as a coagulant or secondary product with enhanced properties;therefore, the sludge will be processed, and not stored.

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Zhang, Huixin, Manli Cui, Xiu-hong Jin, Xu Han, and Jie Zhang. "Synthesis of [H22·Zr5·WO4·10 P2O7]n·26n H2O by response surface methodology to adsorb Ca(II) in manganiferous wastewater." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 8 (August 5, 2016): 1832–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.366.

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The presence of calcium challenges the manganese recovery from manganiferous wastewater. In this paper, a kind of mesoporous material named [H22·Zr5·WO4·10 P2O7]n·6n H2O is investigated as an ion exchanger to remove calcium ion from manganese slag percolate. The synthesis of zirconium tungstopyrophosphate (ZWPP) was optimized by response surface methodology , and its adsorption capacity and equilibrium were tested. The adsorption data have been confirmed by the use of various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller. An empirical formula of ZWPP was obtained by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. The adsorption process conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm, which described the equilibrium powerfully. Furthermore, different thermodynamic parameters were evaluated. And it was found that Gibbs free energy change is negative, indicating the adsorption process was spontaneous, whereas the enthalpy change and entropy change are positive indicating endothermy and increased randomness nature of the adsorption process. As a result, ZWPP could be a possible ion exchanger material in the area of removing Ca2+ from processing water or wastewater.

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Prime, Sunantha. "Forecasting the changes in daily stock prices in Shanghai Stock Exchange using Neural Network and Ordinary Least Squares Regression." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 292–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(3).2020.22.

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The research focuses on finding a superior forecasting technique to predict stock movement and behavior in the Shanghai Stock Exchange. The author’s interest is in stock market activities during high volatility, specifically 13 years from 2002 to 2015. This volatile period, fueled by events such as the dot-com bubble, SARS outbreak, political leadership transitions, and the global financial crisis, is of interest. The study aims to analyze changes in stock prices during an unstable period. The author used advanced computer sciences, Machine Learning through information processing and training, and the traditional statistical approach, the Multiple Linear Regression Model, with the least square method. Both techniques are accurate predictors measured by Absolute Percent Error with a range of 1.50% to 1.65%, using a data file containing 3,283 observations generated to record the daily close prices of individual Chinese companies. The t-test paired difference experiment shows the superiority of Neural Network in the finance sector and potentially not in other sectors. The Multiple Linear Regression Model performs equivalent to the Neural Network in other sectors.

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Fufaeva, Victoria A., and Dmitry V. Filippov. "HIGHLY EFFICIENT REMOVAL OF COPPER(II) IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY NICKEL 2-ETHYLIMIDAZOLATE." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 64, no. 5 (May 13, 2021): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20216405.6354.

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Nickel 2-ethylimidazolate was obtained and characterized, which is used in this work as a sorbent for the removal of copper (II) ions. The sample characterization was carried out by scanning electron microscopy, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. It was found that the obtained sorbent is a microheterogeneous material with the size of individual particles in the range of 0.4-0.7 μm. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms in the pores of nickel 2-ethylimidazolate were obtained. It was found that when processing the experimental data in linear coordinates of TVFM, linearization is reached in coordinates lnV-lnPs/P, which indicates the predominance of mesopores in the structure of nickel 2-ethylimidazolate. The total pore volume was determined from the TVFM linear coordinates. It was 0.21 cm3/g. According to obtained differential pore size distribution, the most probable average pore radius corresponds to 7.5 nm. One of the main characteristics of nickel 2-ethylimidazolate as a sorbent, the surface area was determined by the A.V. Kiselev method and amounted to 703.56 m2/g. The efficiency verification of using nickel 2-ethylimidazolate in the heavy metal ions sorption processes was carried out by removal of copper(II) ions from aqueous solutions by the limited solution volume method at different contact times. The copper(II) sorption kinetics in the presence of nickel 2-ethylimidazolate was studied by processing experimental data in the first and second orders linear coordinates. It was found that the adsorption kinetics of copper(II) ions is described by a second order model, which indicated ion-exchange adsorption. Equilibrium adsorption capacity in the sorbent-solution system is reached at a contact time of 90-120 min.

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He, Xiao Na, Ru Xin Che, Yi Lin Wang, Yue Li, and Li Peng Wan. "Preparation of the Core-Nanoshell Composite Materials and Adsorption of Chromium-Containing Heavy Metals." Advanced Materials Research 1051 (October 2014): 594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.594.

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The core-nanoshell composite materials with magnetic fly-ash hollow cenosphere as core and nanoLaFeO3 as shell were synthesized by high-energy ball milling method. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and VSM. The results show that the core-nanoshell composite materials were prepared successfully. As the exchange-coupling interaction happens between ferrite of magnetic fly-ash hollow cenosphere and nanosized ferrite coating,the remanence and the coercivity improves, so it is better for core-nanoshell to adsorb heavy metals. The adsorption-magnetic separation processing were used for Cr (VI) of heavy metals in water, by atomic absorption spectrometry to measure ion concentration after adsorption. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of solution pH on the adsorption as well as adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm. The results show that at pH 2, obtain the maximum removal rate. The adsorption data were better fitted for the Freundlich model,indicating that the adsorption of Cr (VI) preferably follows multilayer and heterogeneous adsorption process. Compared with two kinetic models linear fitting parameters, adsorption conforms to pseudo secend-order kinetic model well,revealing chemisorption as the dominant mechanism.

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Sarkar, Kartick C., Amiel Sternberg, and Orly Gnat. "A new ionization network and radiation transport module in pluto." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 503, no. 4 (March 1, 2021): 5807–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab578.

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ABSTRACT We introduce a new general-purpose time-dependent ionization network (IN) and a radiation transport (RT) module for the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code pluto. Our IN is reliable for temperatures ranging from 5 × 103 to 3 × 108 K and includes all ionization states of H, He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, and Fe, making it suitable for studying a variety of astrophysical scenarios. Radiation loss for each ion–electron pair is calculated using cloudy-17 data on the fly. Photoionization and charge exchange are the main processes contributing to chemical heating. The IN is fully coupled to the RT module over a large range of opacities at different frequencies. The RT module employs a method of short characteristics assuming spherical symmetry. The radiation module requires the assumption of spherical symmetry, while the IN is compatible with full 3D. We also include a simple prescription for dust opacity, grain destruction, and the dust contribution to radiation pressure. We present numerical tests to show the reliability and limitations of the new modules. We also present a post-processing tool to calculate projected column densities and emission spectra.

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Yusupaliev, R., B. Kh Yunusov, and M. M. Azimova. "The composition of natural waters of some source rivers of the republic of Uzbekistan, used in the thermal power engineering and the results of the experimental researches at preliminary and ion exchange treatment of water." E3S Web of Conferences 139 (2019): 01083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913901083.

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The article describes the possibility of use of the natural waters for generation of steam at thermal electric power stations. The chemical composition of some source rivers of the Republic of Uzbekistan is provided as well as its influence to the processing of water and contamination of the steam in the thermal energy engineering. The conditions of the preliminary chemical treatment of the natural water at TashTPP with the use of aluminum sulphate are described, as well as the experimental unit for production of the coagulant in the preliminary treatment and clarification of water; the experimental data on treatment of water with ions of chloride using the new ionites of type ASH-64 and ASH-64M, which were synthetized by the scientists of the Tashkent national university.

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Nachon, Florian, Terrone L. Rosenberry, Israel Silman, and Joel L. Sussman. "A Second Look at the Crystal Structures of Drosophila melanogaster Acetylcholinesterase in Complex with Tacrine Derivatives Provides Insights Concerning Catalytic Intermediates and the Design of Specific Insecticides." Molecules 25, no. 5 (March 6, 2020): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051198.

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Over recent decades, crystallographic software for data processing and structure refinement has improved dramatically, resulting in more accurate and detailed crystal structures. It is, therefore, sometimes valuable to have a second look at “old” diffraction data, especially when earlier interpretation of the electron density maps was rather difficult. Here, we present updated crystal structures of Drosophila melanogaster acetylcholinesterase (DmAChE) originally published in [Harel et al., Prot Sci (2000) 9:1063-1072], which reveal features previously unnoticed. Thus, previously unmodeled density in the native active site can be interpreted as stable acetylation of the catalytic serine. Similarly, a strong density in the DmAChE/ZA complex originally attributed to a sulfate ion is better interpreted as a small molecule that is covalently bound. This small molecule can be modeled as either a propionate or a glycinate. The complex is reminiscent of the carboxylate butyrylcholinesterase complexes observed in crystal structures of human butyrylcholinesterases from various sources, and demonstrates the remarkable ability of cholinesterases to stabilize covalent complexes with carboxylates. A very strong peak of density (10 σ) at covalent distance from the Cβ of the catalytic serine is present in the DmAChE/ZAI complex. This can be undoubtedly attributed to an iodine atom, suggesting an unanticipated iodo/hydroxyl exchange between Ser238 and the inhibitor, possibly driven by the intense X-ray irradiation. Finally, the binding of tacrine-derived inhibitors, such as ZA (1DX4) or the iodinated analog, ZAI (1QON) results in the appearance of an open channel that connects the base of the active-site gorge to the solvent. This channel, which arises due to the absence of the conserved tyrosine present in vertebrate cholinesterases, could be exploited to design inhibitors specific to insect cholinesterases. The present study demonstrates that updated processing of older diffraction images, and the re-refinement of older diffraction data, can produce valuable information that could not be detected in the original analysis, and strongly supports the preservation of the diffraction images in public data banks.

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GAMBLE, DONALD S. "TITRATIONS OF ORGANIC SOILS WITH STANDARD BASE: SOLUBILITY OF IONIZABLE FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AT 25 °C." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 69, no. 2 (May 1, 1989): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss89-032.

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The conversion of undissolved acidic functional groups into dissolved carboxylate anions has been monitored during potentiometric titration of a Typic Mesisol Peat at 25 °C. The analytical chemical calculations of total acid functional groups and of H+ dissociation equilibrium functions take the dissolution process into account. With 0.05 g of sample suspended in 20 mL of 0.1 N NaCl, the molarity of carboxylate anions in the external solution ranged from 4.3 × 10−4 M at 1 mL g−1 0.1 N NaOH, to 1.5 × 10−3 M at 6 mL g−1 0.1 N NaOH. The corresponding amounts of undissolved carboxyl groups were 5.2 × 10−4 and 1.0 × 10−4 mol g−1. Differential acid constants (KGA) for the undissolved carboxyls were 7.6 × 10−4 (σ 1.4 × 10−4) for αG < 0.02 (0.016 – 0.02) and 1.4 × 10−5 (σ 0.04 × 10−5) for αG > 0.026 (0.026 – 0.60). A substantial increase in productivity was achieved by means of an automatic titrator and a microcomputer with spreadsheet software. Types of data production and processing that were previously labor intensive have now become much more practical. Key words: Organic soils, organic matter solubility, organic soil carboxyls, organic soil ion exchange, organic soil titration, pH dependent solubility

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Solomon, Travis E., John H. Walsh, Louis Bussjaeger, Yumei Zong, James W. Hamilton, F. J. Ho, Terry D. Lee, and Joseph R. Reeve. "COOH-terminally extended secretins are potent stimulants of pancreatic secretion." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 276, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): G808—G816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1999.276.4.g808.

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Posttranslational processing of preprosecretin generates several COOH-terminally extended forms of secretin and α-carboxyl amidated secretin. We used synthetic canine secretin analogs with COOH-terminal -amide, -Gly, or -Gly-Lys-Arg to examine the effects of COOH-terminal extensions of secretin on bioactivity and detection in RIA. Synthetic products were purified by reverse-phase and ion-exchange HPLC and characterized by reverse-phase isocratic HPLC and amino acid, sequence, and mass spectral analyses. Secretin and secretin-Gly were noted to coelute during reverse-phase HPLC. In RIA using eight different antisera raised against amidated secretin, COOH-terminally extended secretins had little or no cross-reactivity. Bioactivity was assessed by measuring pancreatic responses in anesthetized rats. Amidated canine and porcine secretins were equipotent. Secretin-Gly and secretin-Gly-Lys-Arg had potencies of 81 ± 9% ( P > 0.05) and 176 ± 13% ( P < 0.01), respectively, compared with amidated secretin, and the response to secretin-Gly-Lys-Arg lasted significantly longer. These data demonstrate that 1) amidated secretin and secretin-Gly are not separable under some chromatographic conditions, 2) current RIA may not detect bioactive COOH-terminally extended forms of secretin in tissue extracts or blood, and 3) the secretin receptor mediating stimulation of pancreatic secretion recognizes both amidated and COOH-terminally extended secretins.

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Какимов, Айтбек, Aitbek Kakimov, Жайнагуль Какимова, Zhaynagul Kakimova, Ирина Смирнова, Irina Smirnova, Ерлан Жарыкбасов, and Erlan Zharykbasov. "Promising areas of zeolite application in milk purification from toxic elements." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 48, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2018-1-143-149.

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The article reveals the data on lead and cadmium content in raw milk samples taken in seven areas located in two districts of Semey Territory of East Kazakhstan Region (Abay and Ayagoz Districts). The authors determined high content of lead (from 0.11 to 0.15 mg/l) in milk samples taken in the populated areas which are located closer to the territory of the former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site. To reduce the content of toxic elements in raw milk the authors developed an experimental filtration unit using natural zeolite brought from Tarbagataysky deposit (East Kazakhstan Region) as sorption-filtering material. Natural zeolite module SiO2/Al2O3 consists of 6.3 units which characterizes it as a high-purity clinoptilolite, highly efficient sorption ion-exchange material. As a result of the experiments the authors determined that natural zeolite taken from Tarbagataysky deposit of East Kazakhstan Region shows sorption properties in relation to lead and cadmium ions. Zeolite application as a sorption-filtering material helps reduce cadmium and lead ion content in milk during filtration. The most suitable processing parameters of milk filtration which help change the content of the considered elements significantly are the following: filtration temperature should be 18–20°C, pump rotation frequency – 300 rpm with filter of the experimental unit which consists of 200 g of natural zeolite. Besides, the authors studied the changes in organoleptic, physical and chemical properties of milk during filtration. The authors determined that organoleptic, physical and chemical properties during milk filtration using natural zeolite as a sorption-filtering material do not change and comply with the regulatory requirements which specify fresh milk quality parameters. Titratable acidity of milk reduces insufficiently.

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Aret, Valdur, Valdur Aret, Marianna Kremenevskaya, Marianna Kremenevskaya, Aleksey Krupoderov, Aleksey Krupoderov, Olga Sosnina, et al. "Intensification of thermal and rheological processes in a scraped-surface apparatus." Foods and Raw Materials 6, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2018-2-342-349.

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The operation parameters of a special heat exchange scraped-surface apparatus ware studied and mathematically described in the article. The feature of the apparatus was the use of perforated cleaning devices in order to increase the turbulence of a product. The developed device can be used in the dairy, meat, and fat and oil industry to cool cream, animal fats, margarine emulsions, cooking fats, and other viscous food products. The increase in the productivity of the apparatus was achieved as a result of the more intensive mixing of the cleaned wall layers with the bulk of the cooled product due to the presence of cylindrical holes in the slats with a diameter of at least 0.05–0.1 of the diameter of the working cylinder. As a result of processing experimental data on heat exchange taking into account energy dissipation, a calculated criterial heat exchange equation for the nonisothermal motion of products and their different flows – laminar and transient – was obtained explicitly. In addition, the article considers the effect of starting modes on the operation of apparatus with mixing devices. These data can make it possible to take into account the possible deviations of parameters caused by nonsteady operating modes. On the basis of the data obtained, we have proposed assumptions about the degree of impact of viscosity and inertia in the considered range of parameters on a starting mode. The results of the study are relevant since they allow us to intensify the thermal processes in this type of common apparatus by 10–12%.

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Houari, Abdeslam, and Tomader Mazri. "Improving V2X-6G network capacity using a new UAV-based approach in a Cloud/ICN architecture, case Study: VANET network." E3S Web of Conferences 297 (2021): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129701019.

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6G of mobile networks plays a crucial role in improving the capacity and enhancing the quality of services of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) based networks evolving in an intelligent environment. VANET is a promising project in the intelligent transportation field using V2X communications. The emergence of several 5G and 6G technologies has raised several challenges for scientists and researchers to allow vehicles and road users to enjoy several services while ensuring their safety on the road. Among these technologies, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which can perform different tasks for road users and vehicle drivers such as data caching, packet relaying and processing. In this article, we present a new approach based on 6G Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) technology on a vehicular cloud architecture while exploiting the exchange support of information-centric networking (ICN) for the improvement of network capacity.

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Stankovic, Srdjan, Tatjana Sostaric, Mladen Bugarcic, Aleksandra Janicijevic, Katarina Pantovic-Spajic, and Zorica Lopicic. "Adsorption of Cu(II) ions from synthetic solution by sunflower seed husks." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 50 (2019): 268–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt1950268s.

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Annual production of the sunflower seed in Serbia is between 650,000-720,000 tons. Most of this amount is used in vegetable oil industry. Abundant by-products from this processing are sunflower seed husks. Husks are usually incinerated by vegetable oil producers in order to obtain energy, used as an animal feed, or, unfortunately, landed up at some landfills. In order to promote new, added value for this abundant, renewable resource, the investigation presented in this paper was conducted. For that purpose, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from synthetic solution by unmodified sunflower seed husks was examined. ATR-FTIR was used to identify functional groups as potential active sites for Cu(II) sorption. Zeta potential values were determined to reveal the surface charge, while the cation exchange capacity (CEC) was determined to reveal the amount of exchangeable ions on its surface. ATR-FTIR analysis revealed the presence of specific functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, and amine) responsible for removal of Cu(II) ions. The total CEC of sunflower husk is 47.74 meq/100g and Ca(II) and Mg(II) ions are in dominant exchangeable positions. The study of ion-exchange mechanism involvement was done and results confirmed that this mechanism is not the only mechanism which is involved in copper sorption. Also, the results show that the Cu(II) ions have preference for Mg(II) ions substitution. Sorption experiments were conducted in batch system. The effect of operating parameters (pH, contact time, initial concentration of Cu(II) ions and adsorbent dosage) on the adsorption capacity were investigated. The obtained experimental data were fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity for Cu(II) ions calculated from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was 34.89 mg/g which is 15 to 35% higher than the capacity that other researchers reported previously for the same material and pollutant. These results are suggesting that sunflower seed husks have a potential to be applied as an effective adsorbent of copper ions from contaminated waters.

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Nguyen, Giang N., Christian M. Wood, Tanner Dirstine, Robert J. Davidson, and Denise E. Sabatino. "Novel Human Factor VIII Variant with Impaired Intracellular Processing Exhibits Enhanced In Vivo Efficacy." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.256.256.

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Abstract During intracellular processing, B-domain deleted human factor VIII (hFVIII-BDD) undergoes proteolysis at multiple sites with the most predominant cleavage at the furin recognition site (1645-RHQR-1648) at the carboxy-terminus of the B-domain. This cleavage gives rise to two polypeptide chains, the 90 kDa heavy chain (HC) and the 80 kDa light chain (LC), that form a heterodimer which becomes the major secreted form of the protein. In contrast, B-domain deleted canine factor VIII (cFVIII-BDD) is secreted primarily in the uncleaved single chain (SC) form, exhibits higher activity and shows increased expression in the gene therapy setting. To investigate the difference in the amino acid sequence at the furin recognition site between cFVIII-BDD (1645-HHQR-1648) and hFVIII-BDD, our previous work generated and characterized a series of hFVIII-BDD furin site deletion variants. Our studies demonstrated that hFVIII- BDD-del1645-1647 (Δ3) variant is secreted predominantly as SC, with a two-fold increase in activity and improved secretion over hFVIII-BDD. N-terminal sequencing of the hFVIII LC revealed that while hFVIII-BDD is cleaved after R1648 and S1657, cleavage of Δ3 occurs exclusively after S1657. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed differences at this site between hFVIII (S1657/D1658) and cFVIII (P1657/E1658). We hypothesized that modifications to this downstream cleavage site in hFVIII-BDD may further decrease cleavage efficiency, leading to a higher portion of SC, and further increase protein expression after gene therapy. We generated a new variant where this downstream cleavage sequence was modified to that of cFVIII, S1657P/D1658E, in combination with our previously described Δ3 variant. hFVIII-BDD, hFVIII-Δ3, and hFVIII-Δ3-S1657P/D1658E were purified using ion exchange chromatography. Interestingly, optical densitometry analysis of all purified proteins on a reducing SDS-PAGE gel revealed that hFVIII-Δ3-S1657P/D1658E was expressed almost entirely as a SC (91.7% ± 5.1%), similar to what was observed with cFVIII (86.8% ± 1.0%). hFVIII-Δ3 and hFVIII-BDD were 56.5% ± 5.7% and 24.3% ± 0.6% SC, respectively. Once activated by thrombin, hFVIII-Δ3-S1657P/D1658E yielded the same expected species as hFVIII-Δ3 and hFVIII-BDD. In a one-stage aPTT assay, hFVIII-Δ3-S1657P/D1658E had activity comparable to hFVIII-Δ3 and hFVIII-BDD. In the two-stage aPTT assay, hFVIII-Δ3 and hFVIII-Δ3-S1657P/D1658E exhibited a two-fold increase in activity over hFVIII-BDD. Thus, hFVIII-Δ3-S1657P/D1658E was secreted primarily in the SC form and had higher activity similar to the hFVIII-Δ3 variant in vitro. In the setting of gene-based therapeutics, strategies to increase hFVIII expression provide a platform for reducing the vector dose required to achieve therapeutically relevant FVIII levels. To investigate the efficacy of this variant in vivo, the hFVIII-Δ3-S1657P/D1658E variant was introduced into an adeno-associated viral vector serotype 8 expressing the wild type hFVIII-BDD cDNA sequence (AAV8-hAAT-hFVIII-BDD) for liver-targeted delivery. The vector was delivered to immune deficient hemophilia A mice (5x1011 vector genomes/mouse) (n=4/group). At 12 weeks post-vector administration, the hFVIII-Δ3-S1657P/D1658E had a 4.5-fold increase in protein expression over hFVIII-BDD, a significant improvement over hFVIII-Δ3, which was two-fold higher than hFVIII-BDD. Altogether, the data supports that the modifications at the downstream cleavage site at residue S1657 and D1658, in combination with a furin evading variant in hFVIII-BDD, further hinders cleavage during intracellular processing. This unexpectedly leads to additional enhancement of hFVIII-BDD expression in the gene therapy setting. Not only might the studies of these variants improve our understanding of the intracellular processing of hFVIII-BDD, but they also provide a novel approach to increase hFVIII expression that will allow the use of a lower vector dose, improving the safety of gene-based therapeutics. Disclosures Sabatino: Spark Therapeutics: Research Funding.

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Skripkina, Galina, Evgeniy Ekimov, Yury Nikitin, Aleksandr Korshunov, and Tatevik Bernetsyan. "QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF MINERALIZING POTENTIAL OF ORAL FLUID IN CHILDREN." Actual problems in dentistry 16, no. 1 (May 14, 2020): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-20-16-1-127-132.

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Subject. Oral fluid plays a crucial role in maintaining the physiological balance of the processes of remineralization and demineralization in tooth enamel, especially in childhood. The mineralization and demineralization of tooth enamel depend on the mineralizing potential of the oral fluid, which is associated with the concentration of calcium ions and phosphate ions in the oral fluid at a certain pH of the medium. Today, the description of the morphology of crystals is reduced mainly to a qualitative assessment. This is inconvenient due to subjectivity in data processing. The goal is to increase the accuracy and objectivity of diagnosing the level of mineralizing potential of the oral fluid by quantifying the type of saliva microcrystallization and expand the ability to diagnose the risk of developing and exacerbating the degree of activity of the carious process in a pediatric dentistry clinic. Methodology. The research material was human saliva, which was taken in the morning, on an empty stomach, before brushing your teeth in a sterile test tube with a tight-fitting lid. Results. The results of the studies revealed statistically significant differences in the periodicity parameters with respect to type III saliva microcrystallization (p <0.001), in which the mineralizing potential of the oral fluid is less favorable for the optimal level of ion exchange between the oral fluid and the tooth enamel surface during the maturation period of the child’s dental hard tissues. Suggested technique determining a periodicity parameter characterizing the quantitative difference in the types of saliva microcrystallization can be used To assess the level of mineralizing potential oral fluid. Conclusions. The study allows to increase the accuracy and objectivity of diagnosing the level of mineralizing potential of the oral fluid by quantifying the type of microcrystallization of saliva and expands the possibility of diagnosing the risk of developing and exacerbating the degree of activity of the carious process in the clinic of pediatric dentistry.

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Gruszczyński, Stanisław. "An Evaluation of Some Machine Learning Algorithms as Tools for Predicting Soil Characteristics Based on Their Spectral Response in the Vis‑NIR Range." Geomatics and Environmental Engineering 15, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 63–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geom.2021.15.1.63.

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Using the Land Use and Coverage Frame Survey (LUCAS) database of European soil surface layer properties, statistical and machine learning predictive models for several key soil characteristics (clay content, pH in CaCl2, concentration of organic carbon, calcium carbonates and nitrogen and exchange cations capacity) were compared on the basis of processing their spectral responses in the visible (Vis) and near‑infrared (NIR) parts. Standard methods of relationship modeling were used: stepwise regression, partial least squares regression and linear regression with input data obtained from principal components analysis. Using the inputs extracted by statistical algorithms various machine learning algorithms were used in the modeling. The usefulness of the models was analyzed by comparison with the values of the determination coefficients, the root mean square error and the distribution of residual values. The mean square error of estimation in the cross‑validation procedure for the stack model using the multilayer perceptron and the distributed random forest were as follows: for clay content – ca. 4.5%; for pH – ca. 0.35; for SOC – ca. 7.5 g/kg (0.75% by weight); for CaCO3 content – ca. 19 g/kg; for N content – ca. 0.50 g/kg; and for CEC – ca. 3.5 cmol(+)/kg.

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Tagantsev, D. K. "Ion-exchange processing of glasses under non-isothermal conditions." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 243, no. 2-3 (February 1999): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(98)00826-6.

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Alguacil, F. J., P. Adeva, and M. Alonso. "Processing of residual gold (III) solutions via ion exchange." Gold Bulletin 38, no. 1 (March 2005): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03215222.

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Allen, R. M., and P. A. Addison. "Ion Exchange Equilibria for Ternary Systems from Binary Exchange Data." Chemical Engineering Journal 44, no. 3 (October 1990): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9467(90)80067-m.

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Arm, Stuart T., David L. Blanchard, and Sandra K. Fiskum. "Chemical degradation of an ion exchange resin processing salt solutions." Separation and Purification Technology 43, no. 1 (April 2005): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2004.10.001.

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Hedjazi, Farhang, and A. John Monhemius. "Copper–gold ore processing with ion exchange and SART technology." Minerals Engineering 64 (October 2014): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2014.05.025.

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Sole, Kathryn C., Michael B. Mooiman, and Edmund Hardwick. "Ion Exchange in Hydrometallurgical Processing: An Overview and Selected Applications." Separation & Purification Reviews 47, no. 2 (October 3, 2017): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2017.1354304.

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Hang, T., C. A. Nash, and S. E. Aleman. "Modeling Ion-Exchange Processing with Spherical Resins for Cesium Removal." Separation Science and Technology 48, no. 14 (September 22, 2013): 2090–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2013.787627.

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Stránská, Eliška, Jan Praus, and Kristýna Janegová. "Effect of processing agents on production of ion exchange membranes." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 214 (2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.26527.

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Peresichnyi, Mykhailo, Svitlana Peresichna, and Anna Sobko. "Use of Food Combinatorics in the Vegetable Dishes Development of the Improved Amino Acid Composition." Restaurant and hotel consulting. Innovations 4, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31866/2616-7468.4.1.2021.234830.

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The topicality. To date, the structure of the population’s diet has significant deviations from the formula of a balanced diet in terms of protein intake, including sulfur-containing, which causes the formation of risk factors for the development alimentary and alimentary-dependent diseases. For the prevention of diseases caused by protein deficiency, it is promising to increase its content in vegetable dishes due to the integrated use of raw materials and dietary supplements of high biological value. It is advisable to use food combinatorics in the innovative technologies development for vegetable dishes of improved amino acid composition. The purpose of the study is food combinatorics of amino acid composition of potato croquettes with soy flour, wheat germ; natural shrimp powder “Rieber Food Ingredients” and lentil-spirulina filling in terms of content and balance of essential and substitute amino acids and the degree of their assimilation by the human body. Research methods. Physicochemical, mathematical and statistical methods of experimental data processing with the use of information technologies, methods of ion exchange liquid column chromatography and qualimetric methods have been used. Results. Research is aimed at the use of food combinatorics and scientific substantiation of the amino acid composition of potato croquettes with the use of protein vegetable and non-fish water raw materials and dietary supplements. As a result of scientific researches the food combinatorics at development of technology of vegetable dishes has been carried out, the amino acid structure has been proved and experimentally generalized, the amino acid score and balance of sulfur-containing amino acids in the complex use of potato mass with wheat germ, soy flour, natural shrimp powder “Rieber Food Ingredients” and lentil-spirulina filling in culinary products have been analyzed. The social effect of fuller use of vegetable, non-fish water raw materials, expansion of the range of vegetable dishes with improved amino acid composition and consumer properties of potato dishes in restaurants, preservation and protection of public health has been confirmed. Conclusions and discussions. Food combinatorics was carried out during the potato croquet technology development with the use of protein vegetable and non-fish water raw materials, which contributed to the improvement of the amino acid composition of vegetable dishes and, in particular, to the increase of their biological value.

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Esquivel, Carlos J., Bryan J. Cassone, and Peter M. Piermarini. "Ade novotranscriptome of the Malpighian tubules in non-blood-fed and blood-fed Asian tiger mosquitoesAedes albopictus: insights into diuresis, detoxification, and blood meal processing." PeerJ 4 (March 10, 2016): e1784. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1784.

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Background.In adult female mosquitoes, the renal (Malpighian) tubules play an important role in the post-prandial diuresis, which removes excess ions and water from the hemolymph of mosquitoes following a blood meal. After the post-prandial diuresis, the roles that Malpighian tubules play in the processing of blood meals are not well described.Methods.We used a combination of next-generation sequencing (paired-end RNA sequencing) and physiological/biochemical assays in adult female Asian tiger mosquitoes (Aedes albopictus) to generate molecular and functional insights into the Malpighian tubules and how they may contribute to blood meal processing (3–24 h after blood ingestion).Results/Discussion.Using RNA sequencing, we sequenced and assembled the firstde novotranscriptome of Malpighian tubules from non-blood-fed (NBF) and blood-fed (BF) mosquitoes. We identified a total of 8,232 non-redundant transcripts. The Malpighian tubules of NBF mosquitoes were characterized by the expression of transcripts associated with active transepithelial fluid secretion/diuresis (e.g., ion transporters, water channels,V-type H+-ATPase subunits), xenobiotic detoxification (e.g., cytochrome P450 monoxygenases, glutathioneS-transferases, ATP-binding cassette transporters), and purine metabolism (e.g., xanthine dehydrogenase). We also detected the expression of transcripts encoding sodium calcium exchangers, G protein coupled-receptors, and septate junctional proteins not previously described in mosquito Malpighian tubules. Within 24 h after a blood meal, transcripts associated with active transepithelial fluid secretion/diuresis exhibited a general downregulation, whereas those associated with xenobiotic detoxification and purine catabolism exhibited a general upregulation, suggesting a reinvestment of the Malpighian tubules’ molecular resources from diuresis to detoxification. Physiological and biochemical assays were conducted in mosquitoes and isolated Malpighian tubules, respectively, to confirm that the transcriptomic changes were associated with functional consequences. In particular,in vivodiuresis assays demonstrated that adult female mosquitoes have a reduced diuretic capacity within 24 h after a blood meal. Moreover, biochemical assays in isolated Malpighian tubules showed an increase in glutathioneS-transferase activity and the accumulation of uric acid (an end product of purine catabolism) within 24 h after a blood meal. Our data provide new insights into the molecular physiology of Malpighian tubules in culicine mosquitoes and reveal potentially important molecular targets for the development of chemical and/or gene-silencing insecticides that would disrupt renal function in mosquitoes.

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MATSUI, Shigenori, Kaoru SUZUKI, Tetsuya TANIYAMA, Junji NAKATA, and Takaya MASUTANI. "Processing of glass micro-lens by a laser ion-exchange method." Review of Laser Engineering 18, no. 10 (1990): 806–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.806.

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Tang, Weihua, Rui Zhang, Beibei Liu, and Huilin Yuan. "Perfluorosulfonated ionomers membranes: Melt-processing and characterization for ion exchange applications." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 131, no. 4 (September 30, 2013): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.39944.

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Imamnazarovna, Allayarova Nargiza. "Aspects Of Legal Regulation Of Electronic Document And Electronic Document Circulation In Business." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 02, no. 11 (November 17, 2020): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume02issue11-02.

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This article discusses the provisions of the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Uzbekistan, regulating the field of electronic document management. The article considered the regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Uzbekistan, regulating the issues of drawing up an electronic document and implementing electronic document management, such as: the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On electronic documents and electronic digital signature" dated January 7, 2003; The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Electronic Document Management"; Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Informatization" dated November 24, 2015 No. 418; Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On informatization" dated December 11, 2003 No. 560; Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 26, 2016 No. 11"On payments and payment systems"; Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated November 1, 2019 No. 578 "On payments and payment systems". When considering the issue of drawing up an electronic document in electronic document management systems, it is clear that the issue of certifying an electronic document with a seal in the necessary cases has not been settled. For a document to be considered signed and certified with a seal, it is necessary that such a signature and seal be included in the electronic document. Today there is a formal obstacle to the electronic document flow of documents, the creation of which is carried out on special paper forms with coats of arms or emblems. This requirement applies to certain types of statutory, financial documents, notarized documents, etc. In connection with the widespread use of information communications, the problem of information security, the existing systems for storing, transferring and processing information, becomes very important for society. Currently, the prevailing epidemiological situation in the country and in the world has significantly accelerated the exchange of data in electronic form in all spheres of society. Almost all activities of the society have switched to the electronic format of information exchange, including entrepreneurship. We hope that in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the development of the digital economy model will have a productive effect on the development of entrepreneurship and help overcome the problems existing in business.

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Jimenez-Maggiora, Gustavo Adolfo, Ronald G. Thomas, Hongmei Qiu, Stefania Bruschi, Jia-Shing So, Phuoc Hong, and Paul S. Aisen. "P1-358: ADCS EDC: DATA EXCHANGE AND PROCESSING PLATFORM." Alzheimer's & Dementia 10 (July 2014): P445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.600.

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Águila, Jesús F., Vanessa Montoya, Javier Samper, Luis Montenegro, Georg Kosakowski, Philipp Krejci, and Wilfried Pfingsten. "Modeling cesium migration through Opalinus clay: a benchmark for single- and multi-species sorption-diffusion models." Computational Geosciences 25, no. 4 (April 24, 2021): 1405–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-021-10050-5.

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AbstractSophisticated modeling of the migration of sorbing radionuclides in compacted claystones is needed for supporting the safety analysis of deep geological repositories for radioactive waste, which requires robust modeling tools/codes. Here, a benchmark related to a long term laboratory scale diffusion experiment of cesium, a moderately sorbing radionuclide, through Opalinus clay is presented. The benchmark was performed with the following codes: CORE2DV5, Flotran, COMSOL Multiphysics, OpenGeoSys-GEM, MCOTAC and PHREEQC v.3. The migration setup was solved with two different conceptual models, i) a single-species model by using a look-up table for a cesium sorption isotherm and ii) a multi-species diffusion model including a complex mechanistic cesium sorption model. The calculations were performed for three different cesium boundary concentrations (10−3, 10−5, 10−7 mol / L) to investigate the models/codes capabilities taking into account the nonlinear sorption behavior of cesium. Generally, good agreement for both single- and multi-species benchmark concepts could be achieved, however, some discrepancies have been identified, especially near the boundaries, where code specific spatial (and time) discretization had to be improved to achieve better agreement at the expense of longer computation times. In addition, the benchmark exercise yielded useful information on code performance, setup options, input and output data management, and post processing options. Finally, the comparison of single-species and multi-species model concepts showed that the single-species approach yielded generally earlier breakthrough, because this approach accounts neither for cation exchange of Cs+ with K+ and Na+, nor K+ and Na+ diffusion in the pore water.

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Chugunov, Aleksandr Sergeevich, Aleksej Vadimovich Rumyancev, Vadim Aleksandrovich Vinnitskij, and Aleksandr Fyodorovich Nechaev. "Influence of inorganic ligands on effectiveness of radioactive waste ion-exchange processing." Izvestiya Wysshikh Uchebnykh Zawedeniy, Yadernaya Energetika 2015, no. 1 (April 2015): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26583/npe.2015.1.13.

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Gullón, Beatriz, José Luis Alonso, and J. C. Parajó. "Ion-Exchange Processing of Fermentation Media Containing Lactic Acid and Oligomeric Saccharides." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 49, no. 8 (April 21, 2010): 3741–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie901397k.

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YAO, Eiya. "The Award for the Development of Ion Exchange Systems for Food Processing." Journal of Ion Exchange 21, no. 4 (2010): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5182/jaie.21.363.

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Kammerer, Judith, Reinhold Carle, and Dietmar R. Kammerer. "Adsorption and Ion Exchange: Basic Principles and Their Application in Food Processing." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59, no. 1 (January 12, 2011): 22–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf1032203.

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Fernandes, D. L. A., C. M. Silva, A. M. R. B. Xavier, and D. V. Evtuguin. "Fractionation of sulphite spent liquor for biochemical processing using ion exchange resins." Journal of Biotechnology 162, no. 4 (December 2012): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.03.013.

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Han, Xiuyou, Fenghong Chu, Fufei Pang, Haiwen Cai, Ronghui Qu, and Zujie Fang. "Protection of phosphate glass by BK7 glass film in ion-exchange processing." Optik 120, no. 8 (April 2009): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2007.10.007.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ion exchange – Data processing'

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