Academic literature on the topic 'Ion interferometer'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ion interferometer"

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Gomes, André D., Martin Becker, Jan Dellith, Mohammad I. Zibaii, Hamid Latifi, Manfred Rothhardt, Hartmut Bartelt, and Orlando Frazão. "Multimode Fabry–Perot Interferometer Probe Based on Vernier Effect for Enhanced Temperature Sensing." Sensors 19, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030453.

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New miniaturized sensors for biological and medical applications must be adapted to the measuring environments and they should provide a high measurement resolution to sense small changes. The Vernier effect is an effective way of magnifying the sensitivity of a device, allowing for higher resolution sensing. We applied this concept to the development of a small-size optical fiber Fabry–Perot interferometer probe that presents more than 60-fold higher sensitivity to temperature than the normal Fabry–Perot interferometer without the Vernier effect. This enables the sensor to reach higher temperature resolutions. The silica Fabry–Perot interferometer is created by focused ion beam milling of the end of a tapered multimode fiber. Multiple Fabry–Perot interferometers with shifted frequencies are generated in the cavity due to the presence of multiple modes. The reflection spectrum shows two main components in the Fast Fourier transform that give rise to the Vernier effect. The superposition of these components presents an enhancement of sensitivity to temperature. The same effect is also obtained by monitoring the reflection spectrum node without any filtering. A temperature sensitivity of -654 pm/°C was obtained between 30 °C and 120 °C, with an experimental resolution of 0.14 °C. Stability measurements are also reported.
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Gut, K. "Polarimetric difference interferometer made by ion exchange method*." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 129 (October 2005): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2005129023.

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Hu, Yan-Min, Wan-Li Yang, Xing Xiao, Mang Feng, and Chao-Hong Li. "Multi-ion Mach—Zehnder interferometer with artificial nonlinear interactions." Chinese Physics B 23, no. 3 (March 2014): 034205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/23/3/034205.

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Grydeland, T., E. M. Blixt, U. P. Løvhaug, T. Hagfors, C. La Hoz, and T. S. Trondsen. "Interferometric radar observations of filamented structures due to plasma instabilities and their relation to dynamic auroral rays." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 4 (April 2, 2004): 1115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-1115-2004.

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Abstract. Several explanations have been proposed for Naturally Enhanced ion-acoustic Echoes observed at mid- and high-latitude Incoherent Scatter observatories. A decisive measure for distinguishing between these explanations is whether or not simultaneously observed up- and down-shifted enhancement occur simultaneously, or if they are the result of temporal and/or spatial averaging. The EISCAT Svalbard Radar has two antennas in the same radar system, which can be used as an interferometer when pointed parallel. In observations from 17 January 2002, between 06:46:10 and 06:46:30 UT, we used this possibility, in combination with direct sampling of the received signals, to yield measurements of "naturally enhanced ion-acoustic echoes" with sufficiently high resolution to resolve such averaging, if any. For the first time, radar interferometry has been employed to estimate the sizes of coherent structures. The observations were coordinated with an image intensified video camera with a narrow field of view. Together, this forms the initial study on the causal relationships between enhanced echoes and fine structure in the auroral activity on sub-kilometer, sub-second scales. The results confirm that the enhanced echoes originate from very localised regions (~300m perpendicular to the magnetic field at 500km altitude) with varying range distribution, and with high time variability (≈200ms). The corresponding increase in scattering cross section, up to 50dB above incoherent scattering, eliminates theoretical explanations based on marginal stability. The simultaneously observed up- and down-shifted enhanced shoulders, when caused by sufficiently narrow structures to be detected by the interferometer technique, originate predominantly from the same volume. These results have significant impact on theories attempting to explain the enhancements, in particular it is found that the ion-electron two-stream mechanism favoured by many authors is an unlikely candidate to explain the observations. The video data has helped establish a clear correlation between the enhanced echoes and auroral activity, on sub-second time scales, showing a threshold connection between the auroral intensity and the triggering of the radar enhancements. It appears that the up- and down-shifted enhanced echoes correlate with fine auroral structures in different ways. Key words. Ionosphere (auroral ionosphere; plasma waves and instabilities) – Radio science (interferometry)
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Zhang, J., K. H. Olsen, and K. A. Schoessow. "Quantitative measurement of surface roughness of TEM specimens." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 1 (August 1992): 406–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100122435.

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The thickness and the local thickness variation of thin film specimens are critical parameters for many types of AEM analysis. The local thickness variation of the thin film specimen can be estimated from the surface roughness of the specimen. TEM specimens of most materials, especially multi-phase materials, have rough surfaces as observed by secondary electron imaging. However, there is little quantitative assessment of the surface roughness because of the difficulty of specimen thickness measurement. In this study, surface roughness of TEM specimens prepared using chemical etching, electropolishing, and ion beam thinning was measured using a direct phase detecting optical interferometer. This interferometer gives a quantitative three dimensional map of the surface topography with a depth resolution of ∼0.7 nm by converting digitized light intensity at each point of a 1024×1024 array into the optical path difference using the three-measurement algorithm. The horizontal resolution of the interferometer (∼340 nm) is limited by optical diffraction and is poor by the TEM standard. The quantitative information obtained by the interferometer is complimentary to the secondary electron imaging in STEM or PEG SEM for characterizing TEM specimen surfaces.
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Schlatter, N. M., V. Belyey, B. Gustavsson, N. Ivchenko, D. Whiter, H. Dahlgren, S. Tuttle, and T. Grydeland. "Auroral ion acoustic wave enhancement observed with a radar interferometer system." Annales Geophysicae 33, no. 7 (July 20, 2015): 837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-837-2015.

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Abstract. Measurements of naturally enhanced ion acoustic line (NEIAL) echoes obtained with a five-antenna interferometric imaging radar system are presented. The observations were conducted with the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) radar on Svalbard and the EISCAT Aperture Synthesis Imaging receivers (EASI) installed at the radar site. Four baselines of the interferometer are used in the analysis. Based on the coherence estimates derived from the measurements, we show that the enhanced backscattering region is of limited extent in the plane perpendicular to the geomagnetic field. Previously it has been argued that the enhanced backscatter region is limited in size; however, here the first unambiguous observations are presented. The size of the enhanced backscatter region is determined to be less than 900 × 500 m, and at times less than 160 m in the direction of the longest antenna separation, assuming the scattering region to have a Gaussian scattering cross section in the plane perpendicular to the geomagnetic field. Using aperture synthesis imaging methods volumetric images of the NEIAL echo are obtained showing the enhanced backscattering region to be aligned with the geomagnetic field. Although optical auroral emissions are observed outside the radar look direction, our observations are consistent with the NEIAL echo occurring on field lines with particle precipitation.
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MORLENS, ANNE-SOPHIE, PHILIPPE ZEITOUN, LAURENT VANBOSTAL, PASCAL MERCERE, GRÉGORY FAIVRE, SÉBASTIEN HUBERT, PHILIPPE TROUSSEL, et al. "Study of XUV beam splitter flatness for use on a Michelson interferometer." Laser and Particle Beams 22, no. 3 (July 2004): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034604223114.

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A XUV Michelson interferometer has been developed by LIXAM/CEA/LCFIO and has been tested as a Fourier-transform spectrometer for measurement of X-ray laser line shape. The observed strong deformation of the interference fringes limited the interest of such an interferometer for plasma probing. Because the fringe deformation was coming from a distortion of the beam splitter (5 × 5 mm2open aperture, about 150 nm thick), several parameters of the multilayer deposition used for the beam splitter fabrication have been recently optimized. The flatness has been improved from 80 nm rms obtained by using the ion beam sputtering technique, to 20 nm rms by using the magnetron sputtering technique. Over 3 × 3 mm2, the beam splitter has a flatness better than 4 nm rms.
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Cierpka, K., M. J. Kosch, M. Rietveld, K. Schlegel, and T. Hagfors. "Ion-neutral coupling in the high-latitude F-layer from incoherent scatter and Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements." Annales Geophysicae 18, no. 9 (September 30, 2000): 1145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-1145-0.

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Abstract. Since the auroral ionosphere provides an important energy sink for the magnetosphere, ionosphere-thermosphere coupling must be investigated when considering the energy budget of the ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling. We present the first Scandinavian ground-based study of high-latitude F-region ion-neutral frictional heating where ion velocity and temperature are measured by the EISCAT incoherent scatter radar as well as neutral wind and temperature being measured simultaneously by a Fabry-Perot interferometer. A geomagnetically active period (Kp = 7– – 5–) and quiet period (Kp = 0+ – 0) were studied. Neglecting the neutral wind can result in errors of frictional heating estimates of 60% or more in the F-layer. About 96% of the local ion temperature enhancement over the neutral temperature is accounted for by ion-neutral frictional heating.Key words: Ionosphere (auroral ionosphere; ionosphere-atmosphere interactions)
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Adams, DP, MB Sinclair, TM Mayer, MJ Vasile, and WC Sweatt. "Optical Interferometer Microscope for Monitoring and Control of Focused Ion Beam Processes." Microscopy and Microanalysis 12, S02 (July 31, 2006): 1280–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927606065597.

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Vaessen, P. H. M., J. M. L. van Engelen, and J. J. Bleize. "Stark-width measurements of argon-ion lines with a Fabry-Pérot interferometer." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 33, no. 1 (January 1985): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4073(85)90087-1.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ion interferometer"

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Erickson, Christopher Joseph. "Development of a Strontium-87 Ion Interferometer." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2750.

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I present the construction of a low-velocity intense source (LVIS) of laser-cooled neutral strontium using permanent ring magnets. The LVIS consists of a magneto-optical trap from which cold strontium is extracted in a well-collimated beam. I also present the development and implementation of a full suite of low-noise, high-bandwidth laser control electronics including a microcontroller unit. This microcontroller remotely controls and monitors the current driver, temperature controller, and PID lock circuit for each diode laser simultaneously. The current driver output is accurate to within 2 micro-amps and repeatable to with a few nano-amps. The noise spectral density of the current driver hits a floor of 10^(-10) amps per root Hz at ~50 Hz and has a modulation bandwidth of ~50 MHz. The PID lock-circuit includes a scan-balancing option that we have used to scan an AR coated laser diode ~30 GHz mode-hop free. I describe the construction of an 80 mW frequency doubled 461 nm laser system using PPKTP for cooling and trapping neutral strontium in the LVIS. The LVIS, the electronics systems, and the 461 nm laser system represent major milestones on the way to producing a matter-wave interferometer using Sr-87 ions. The interferometer is based on an optical Raman transition between the hyperfine ground states of the Sr-87 ion. The ions will be produced by exciting the strontium LVIS beam to an auto-ionizing state in the continuum. In the interferometer two half-pi pulses of light and one pi pulse will be delivered to the ions to split and recombine their wave functions. I present calculations of the predicted sensitivity and a discussion of the possible applications. I present a method for locking a 407.8 nm laser to the 5s doublet S J=1/2 to 5p doublet P J=3/2 strontium ion transition in a neutral vapor. I present calculations for the necessary vacuum levels for the experiment and describe the preparation and assembly of the vacuum apparatus. The major vacuum system consists of two connected elastomer sealed chambers: one at 10^(-7) Torr and the other at 10^(-10) Torr separated by a region of low conductance. I present a Sr vapor cell constructed from standard CF fittings that allows the strontium to be heated to ~730 C, which can also be run as a thermal beam. I present a method for protecting the viewports on small-form alkali-earth vapor cells using lead or indium foil during the evaporation of oxide layers. Finally, I report on the current status of the experiment as well as detail future work on the apparatus.
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Oklur, Ibrahim. "Waveguide and optical studies of insulators using ion implantation." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388969.

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Yang, Ruidong. "Studies on Molecular and Ion Transport in Silicalite Membranes andApplications as Ion Separator for Redox Flow Battery." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1406820402.

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Archibald, Lawrence. "Construction of a 408 nm Laser System for Use in Ion Interferometry." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5622.

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This work reports on the construction of a 408 nm laser system designed to drive stimulated Raman transitions between the F = 4 and F = 5 2 S 1/2 states of 87 Sr + using the 2 P 3/2 state as the intermediate state. This laser system will be used as part of a 87 Sr + ion interferometer. This work also includes a discussion of relevant theory describing the interaction of the ions and laser, along with a calculation of the transition rates as a function of laser power and detuning.
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Maňka, Tadeáš. "Konstrukce odměřovacího systému pro systém reaktivního iontového leptání." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254215.

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The aim of this work is to design fully working measuring system for the reactive ion etching system (RIE). The Michelson interfometer, previously developed in Ústav přístrojové techniky, v.v.i., is used in this work. The theoretical part is aimed at description of interferometric methods for precise measuring of length. In next part the etching proces with RIE is described. In practical part the testing system was constructed from the parts of Thorlabs company . The functionality was controlled with this system and the results of measuring were compared with the profilometer. In next step technical drawings were created and the whole system was made.
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Teale, Carson(Carson Arthur). "In-situ depth monitoring for a deep reactive ion etcher using a white light interferometer with active vibration cancellation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121726.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-121).
Standard process development for micro and nanofabrication etching technologies relies on open-loop trial and error testing of recipes to achieve optimal etch depths and uniformities. This strategy is inefficient for research and fabrication of novel devices where one-of-a-kind experiments cannot justify lengthy process development times. This thesis describes the development of an in-situ depth measurement device for real-time feedback of etch depth and uniformity. This device will help facilitate far shorter process development times, potentially enabling the desired etch to be achieved on the first process run. The depth imager consists of a wide-field, white light interferometer with a 12" working distance, capable of imaging across a 1/2" field of view. Active feedback from a co-propagating laser interferometer is used to stabilize the system against vibrations through a feedback loop that controls the position of the reference mirror using a piezo actuator. This scheme ties the accuracy of the white light depth scan to the stability of the laser wavelength, allowing for accurate step sizes without the need for an expensive scanning stage. The well defined sampling period allows for the phase sensitive detection of the white light interference signal, reducing amplitude fluctuations from plasma emissions. This design is able to image deep trenches with optically rough surfaces, etched directly into a silicon substrate with aspect ratios of 10 or more. The device is demonstrated on a custom built deep reactive ion etcher (DRIE), achieving a depth resolution of better than 1 [mu]m in the presence of large vibrations.
by Carson Teale.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Helke, Christian. "Herstellung von neuartigen Reflektorsystemen und Erarbeitung einer systembezogenen Integrationstechnologie für VIS und IR Fabry-Pérot Interferometer." Universitätsverlag Chemnitz, 2018. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33494.

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Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Entwicklung und Herstellung von Fabry-Pérot Interferometern (FPI) für die spektrale Analyse von Gasen und Flüssigkeiten. Die FPI werden miniaturisiert mittels Siliziumtechnologie hergestellt und ermöglichen kleine Mikrospektrometer mit hohem Auflösungsvermögen. Die vorliegende Dissertation untersucht Technologie- und Herstellungskonzepte für den sichtbaren (VIS) und infraroten (IR) Spektralbereich mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Reflektorkonzepten. Im VIS-Spektralbereich erfolgt neben der Entwicklung von Bragg-Reflektoren auch die Betrachtung von strukturierten, dielektrischen Membrangittern und strukturierten Metallgittern auf dielektrischen Membranen für eine Einsatzmöglichkeit im FPI. Dabei wird ebenfalls die Entwicklung einer Herstellungs- und Strukturierungstechnologie für hochbrechendes Titandioxid durchgeführt, um einen Bragg-Reflektor mit höheren Brechzahlkontrast zu realisieren. Im IR-Spektralbereich stellen drei Bragg-Reflektorvarianten aus polykristallinem Silizium und Luft den Inhalt dieser Dissertation dar. Die hergestellten Reflektoren werden hinsichtlich ihrer Funktion messtechnisch charakterisiert und die Strukturintegration in einem FPI und Etalon anhand von ausgewählten Reflektoren vorgestellt.
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Kuhlman, Anthony Joseph. "The beginning and end of relativistic heavy ion collisions using uranium beams and Bose-Einstein correlations as probes of the collision fireball /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1185456181.

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Huda, Md Nurul. "3D Simulator for Wind Interferometer Data-Model Comparison." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95017.

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The connection between earth and space weather has numerous impacts on spacecraft, radio communications and GPS signals. Thus, predicted & modeling this region is important, yet models (both empirical and first principles) do a poor job of characterizing the variability of this region. One of the main objectives of the NASA ICON mission is to measure the variability of the ionosphere and thermosphere at low-mid latitudes. The MIGHTI instrument on ICON is a Doppler Interferometer that measures the horizontal wind speed and direction with 2 discrete MIGHTI units, separated by 90˚, mounted on the ICON Payload Interface Plate. This work focuses on building a simulation of wind interferometer data, similar to MIGHTI, using a first-principles model as the input dataset, which will be used for early validation and comparison to the MIGHTI data. Using a ray-tracing approach, parameters like O, O2, O+, O2+, T, wind, solar F10.7 index will be read for every point along every ray from the model and brightness and Line of Sight (LOS) wind will be calculated as functions of altitude and time. These data will be compared to the MIGHTI observations to both to establish the limitation of such models, and to validate the ICON data. ICON will help determine the physics of our space environment and pave the way for mitigating its effects on our technology, communications systems and society. However, ICON is yet to launch and due to the unavailability of MIGHTI data, we have selected another instrument called WINDII (Wind Imaging Interferometer) from a different mission UARS (Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite) to demonstrate the utility of this data-model comparison. Similar to MIGHTI, WINDII measures Doppler shifts from a suite of visible region airglow and measures zonal and meridian winds, temperature, and VER (Volume Emission rate) in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (80 to 300 km) from observations of the Earth's airglow. We will use a similar approach discussed for MIGHTI to calculate vertical profile of Redline airglow, Wind velocity, emission rate and compare them with our simulated results to validate our algorithm. We initially thought asymmetry calculation along the Line of Sight (LOS) would be the limiting factor. We believe there are other things going on such as variability in the winds associated with natural fluctuations in the thermosphere, atmospheric waves, inputs from the sun and the atmosphere below etc., appear to be bigger factor than just asymmetry along the line of sight.
The upper Earth atmosphere host’s most of the valuable spacecraft’s and almost all the communication signals go through this portion of the atmosphere. Yet we do not understand what causes variation in the upper atmosphere. In order to answer what’s causing these changes and to understand this complicated region, NASA has developed the ICON mission. ICON we will mainly study the Ionosphere ranging from 90 to 450 km above the earth surface. In this study have developed a tool able to simulate thermospheric wind profiles, O, O2, O+, O2+ densities, Volume emission rate (VER) of green and red line airglow from measurements on the NASA Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) mission from an instrument on board called MIGHTI. However, ICON is yet to launch so do not have MIGHTI to test our algorithm. We chose an instrument which is similar to MIGHTI called Wind Imaging Interferometer (WINDII), from a different mission called Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) to test our algorithm. We initially thought asymmetry calculation along the Line of Sight (LOS) would be the limiting factor. We believe there are other things going on such as variability in the winds associated with natural fluctuations in the thermosphere, atmospheric waves, inputs from the sun and the atmosphere below etc., appear to be bigger factor than just asymmetry along the line of sight.
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Willson, Robert Michael. "Three-Pion HBT Interferometry at the STAR Experiment." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1023416690.

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Books on the topic "Ion interferometer"

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Arnold, Dekker, Meer Freek D, Abrams Michael, Curran Paul, Schaepman Michael, Gomarasca Mario A, Hallikainen Martti, et al., eds. Satellite Radar Interferometry: Subsidence Monitoring Techniques. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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Hanssen, Ramon F. Radar interferometry: Data interpretation and error analysis. New York: Kluwer Academic, 2002.

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Radar interferometry: Data interpretation and error analysis. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 2001.

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F, Merkle, National Optical Astronomy Observatories (U.S.), and European Southern Observatory, eds. NOAO-ESO Conference on High-Resolution Imaging by Interferometry: Ground-based interferometry at visible and infrared wavelengths, 15-18 March 1988, Garching bei München, F.R.G. : proceedings. Garching bei München: European Southern Observatory, 1988.

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ESO Conference on High-Resolution Imaging by Interferometry (2nd 1991 Garching bei München, Germany). ESO Conference on High-Resolution Imaging by Interferometry II: Ground-based interferometry at visible and infrared wavelengths : 15-18 October 1991, Garching bei München, Germany : proceedings. Garching bei München: European Southern Observatory, 1992.

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"Fringe 96" Workshop (1996 Zurich, Switzerland). ERS SAR interferometry: "Fringe 96" Workshop : Zurich, Switzerland, 30 September-2 October 1996. Noordwijk, The Netherlands: European Space Agency, ESA Publications Division, 1997.

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Harris, R. A. Envisat: The Michelson interferometer for passive atmospheric sounding, MIPAS : an instrument for atmospheric chemistry and climate research. Noordwijk, The Netherlands: ESA Publications Division, 2000.

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Symposium, International Astronomical Union. Galaxies and their constituents at the highest angular resolutions: IAU Symposium 205 : proceedings of the 24th General Assembly of the IAU held at Manchester, United Kingdom, 15-18 August 2000. San Francisco, Calif: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2001.

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Raspini, Federico, Francesca Cigna, Sandro Moretti, and Nicola Casagli, eds. Advanced Terrain Mapping of the Gioia Tauro Plain Calabria Region, Italy. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-022-8.

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In the framework of the Terrafirma project, Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI) has be used for mapping land subsidence at basin scale in Gioia Tauro plain (Italy). The investigated area is built over unconsolidated fine-grained sediments, where the increasing groundwater demands for irrigation have caused the natural sediment consolidation to progressively accelerate. Both historical (1992-2001; ERS1/2 images) and recent (2002-2006; ENVISAT images) scenarios are analyzed to solve the spatial variability and temporal evolution of ground displacements affecting the plain. The results show deformation rates as high as 10-12 mm/yr in 1992-2007, with highest velocities occurred between 1992 and 2000 within the central part of the basin, in the area of Rizziconi (5 km ESE of Gioia Tauro). The outcomes of this PSI study could support the future improvement of groundwater management and the implementation of best strategies for land use planning and sustainable use of groundwater resources.
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European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (5th 2004 Ulm, Germany). EUSAR 2004: Proceedings : 5th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar : May 25-27, 2004, Ulm, Germany. Berlin: VDE-Verlag, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ion interferometer"

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Smith, R. W. "Interferometer Observations of Ion and Neutral Dynamics in the Polar Cusp." In The Polar Cusp, 243–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5295-9_18.

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Dems, B. C., P. D. Krasicky, and F. Rodriguez. "Quantitative Analysis of a Laser Interferometer Waveform Obtained During Oxygen Reactive-Ion Etching of Thin Polymer Films." In ACS Symposium Series, 234–51. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1989-0412.ch014.

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Keil, Mark, Shimon Machluf, Yair Margalit, Zhifan Zhou, Omer Amit, Or Dobkowski, Yonathan Japha, et al. "Stern-Gerlach Interferometry with the Atom Chip." In Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry, 263–301. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63963-1_14.

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AbstractIn this invited review in honor of 100 years since the Stern-Gerlach (SG) experiments, we describe a decade of SG interferometry on the atom chip. The SG effect has been a paradigm of quantum mechanics throughout the last century, but there has been surprisingly little evidence that the original scheme, with freely propagating atoms exposed to gradients from macroscopic magnets, is a fully coherent quantum process. Specifically, no full-loop SG interferometer (SGI) has been realized with the scheme as envisioned decades ago. Furthermore, several theoretical studies have explained why it is a formidable challenge. Here we provide a review of our SG experiments over the last decade. We describe several novel configurations such as that giving rise to the first SG spatial interference fringes, and the first full-loop SGI realization. These devices are based on highly accurate magnetic fields, originating from an atom chip, that ensure coherent operation within strict constraints described by previous theoretical analyses. Achieving this high level of control over magnetic gradients is expected to facilitate technological applications such as probing of surfaces and currents, as well as metrology. Fundamental applications include the probing of the foundations of quantum theory, gravity, and the interface of quantum mechanics and gravity. We end with an outlook describing possible future experiments.
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Lechuga, L. García, N. I. Toto-Arellano, V. H. Flores Muñoz, Amalia Martínez-García, and G. Rodríguez Zurita. "Phase Shifting Interferometry Using a Coupled Cyclic Path Interferometers." In Emerging Challenges for Experimental Mechanics in Energy and Environmental Applications, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Experimental Mechanics and 9th Symposium on Optics in Industry (ISEM-SOI), 2015, 65–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28513-9_9.

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Mertz, Lawrence. "Interferometry." In Excursions in Astronomical Optics, 47–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2386-3_3.

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Gerlich, Stefan, Yaakov Y. Fein, Armin Shayeghi, Valentin Köhler, Marcel Mayor, and Markus Arndt. "Otto Stern’s Legacy in Quantum Optics: Matter Waves and Deflectometry." In Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry, 547–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63963-1_24.

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AbstractOtto Stern became famous for molecular beam physics, matter-wave research and the discovery of the electron spin, with his work guiding several generations of physicists and chemists. Here we discuss how his legacy has inspired the realization of universal interferometers, which prepare matter waves from atomic, molecular, cluster or eventually nanoparticle beams. Such universal interferometers have proven to be sensitive tools for quantum-assisted force measurements, building on Stern’s pioneering work on electric and magnetic deflectometry. The controlled shift and dephasing of interference fringes by external electric, magnetic or optical fields have been used to determine internal properties of a vast class of particles in a unified experimental framework.
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Wohlleben, R., H. Mattes, and Th Krichbaum. "Radioastronomical Interferometers." In Interferometry in Radioastronomy and Radar Techniques, 34–129. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3702-7_7.

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Eichler, Jürgen, and Hans-Joachim Eichler. "Spektralapparate und Interferometer." In Laser in Technik und Forschung, 341–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22080-1_22.

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Eichler, Jürgen, and Hans-Joachim Eichler. "Spektralapparate und Interferometer." In Laser in Technik und Forschung, 341–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-42591-6_22.

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Eichler, Jürgen, and Hans Joachim Eichler. "Spektralapparate und Interferometer." In Laser in Technik und Forschung, 353–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08247-8_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ion interferometer"

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Erickson, Christopher J., James L. Archibald, Mary Lyon, and Dallin S. Durfee. "Precision Metrology with a Strontium Ion Interferometer." In Laser Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ls.2010.lwb3.

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Ariannejad, Mohammad Mahdi, P. Susthitha Menon, Sahbudin Shaari, and Abang Annuar Ehsan. "Design of optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer using ion exchange method for biosensing." In 2014 IEEE 5th International Conference on Photonics (ICP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icp.2014.7002318.

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Fehringer, M., F. Ruedenauer, and W. Steiger. "Indium liquid-metal ion sources as micronewton thrusters." In The second international laser interferometer space antenna symposium (LISA) on the detection and observation of gravitational waves in space. AIP, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.57413.

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Subhashree Ojha, N. N., Hemalatha V., Naveen Kumar, Jayachandra Bingi, and Ashok Reddy. "Single-Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer based Detection of Fluoride Ion Contamination in Water." In 2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wrap47485.2019.9013715.

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"Chitosan Layer Fabry-Perot Interferometer-Based Optical Fiber Sensor for Cadmium Ion Detection." In 3rd International conference on Innovative Engineering Technologies. International Institute of Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iie.e0816032.

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Gao, Wei, Lin Zhang, Qian Li, and Zhuo Wang. "Improvement of atom interferometer by rejecting typical noise sources." In 2016 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plans.2016.7479764.

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Netterfield, Roger P., and Mark Gross. "Investigation of Ion-Beam-Sputtered Silica-Titania Mixtures for Use in Gravitational Wave Interferometer Optics." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2007.thd2.

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Blahut, Marek. "Model of the polarimetric interferometer made by K+-Na+ ion exchange." In Gradient-Index Optics in Science and Engineering, edited by Maksymilian Pluta and Mariusz Szyjer. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.255529.

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Gomes, André D., Ricardo M. André, Stephen C. Warren-Smith, Jan Dellith, Martin Becker, Manfred Rothhardt, and Orlando Frazão. "Combined microfiber knot resonator and focused ion beam-milled Mach-Zehnder interferometer for refractive index measurement." In 25th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, edited by Youngjoo Chung, Wei Jin, Byoungho Lee, John Canning, Kentaro Nakamura, and Libo Yuan. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2265387.

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Parker, John Scott, and Jason Rife. "Signal and Data Structure for Navigation with a Terahertz Interferometer." In 30th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2017). Institute of Navigation, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2017.15225.

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Reports on the topic "Ion interferometer"

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Erskine, D. Techniques in Broadband Interferometry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15009760.

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Pritchard, David E. New Developments in Atom Interferometry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada254094.

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Dimopoulos, Savas, Peter W. Graham, Jason M. Hogan, and Mark A. Kasevich. General Relativistic Effects in Atom Interferometry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/925788.

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Wang, F. X., G. B. May, and A. S. Kobayashi. Steep Geometric Grating for Use in Moire Interferometry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada268759.

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Klein, Spencer R., and Joakim Nystrand. Quantum non-locality in a two-slit interferometer for short-lived particles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/843133.

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Xu, N. Pion interferometry in E814 -- Toward equilibrium at the AGS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/41376.

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Liu, Wu-ming, P. Z. Takacs, and D. P. Siddons. Applications of the lateral shearing interferometer in measurement of synchrotron radiation optical elements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5609599.

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Johnston, Kenneth J. Advances in Astrometry and Geophysics Made Possible by Radio Interferometry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada400378.

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Shao, X. M., R. C. Carlos, and M. W. Kirkland. Turbulence in the convective boundary layer observed by microwave interferometry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/563246.

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Phelps, R. D. DIII-D in-vessel port cover and shutter assembly for the phase contrast interferometer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10141851.

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