Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ion métallique'
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Brugnara, Andrea. "Contrôle cavitaire de la réactivité redox d'un ion métallique (Cu) dans un environnement biomimétique." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05P625/document.
Full textThe X6TMPA molecule is composed by a tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TMPA) cap covalently linked to the small rim of the calix[6]arene. This compound can coordinate and stabilize a Cu(I)/Cu(II) ion in a mononuclear environment. These compounds possess unique properties in host-guest and redox chemistry.This PhD thesis work describes some synthetic strategies employed in order to modify the scaffold of the macrocycle, either at the large or the small rim. Moreover, the studies conducted in order to evaluate the impact of each structural modification on the reactivity of the resulting system are detailed. Chapter 2 describes the “large rim tri-functionalization” strategy. It has been employed to introduce three hydrophilic moieties on the calix[6]arene unit. These groups enable the water-solubilization of the molecule, as well as the Cu(I)/Cu(II) monometallic complexes. For these systems, host-guest chemistry in aqueous media has been explored: a remarkable property is the high affinity of the cupric complex for fluoride anion. Chapter 3 describes the “large rim hexa-functionalization” strategy. The obtained compounds have been employed for novel applications, as surface functionalization or “monoclick” reaction. Chapter 4 describes the “small rim tri-functionalization” strategy. The obtained compounds are reactive in solution. A phenol-containing macrocycle, that gives a stable radical species at room temperature, and a quinone-containing macrocycle, in which the calix[6]arene moiety is a redox-active unit, are presented. Moreover, the reactivity of the monometallic complexes (Zinc, Copper) has been explored and discussed
Mo, Yayuan. "Elaboration et mise en oeuvre de membranes alginate, polyethylenimine à haut pouvoir de percolation : application en tant que matériaux adsorbants ou catalyseurs supportés." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTG014.
Full textAlginate is a hydrophilic and biocompatible polymer with abundant free carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. This work developed and optimized the process for the fabrication of highly-percolating membranes based on alginate. The simple process has been designed by mixing alginate and polyethyleneimine (PEI) to obtain a structured hydrogel and subsequently improved stability by crosslinking between glutaraldehyde (GA) and amine groups of PEI. This double interaction (PEI/alginate, PEI/GA) makes it possible to produce macroporous membranes, after air-drying (without energy-consuming and sophisticated drying procedure), allowing natural drainage. The prepared membranes have been used for two applications: (a) sorption of metal ions (cationic and anionic), and (b) hydrogenation of nitrophenolic compounds by heterogeneous catalysis. The membranes and their interactions with metal ions were analyzed by FTIR, SEM, and XPS. The adsorbent was characterized by the presence of carboxylic groups and amino functions, which offers numerous possibilities for interacting with metal ions by complexation (i.e., carboxylates, free amines) and ion exchange/electrostatic attraction (i.e., protonated amine groups) depending on the pH of solution and metal speciation. These different possibilities have been illustrated by a series of experiments on metal ions such as Hg(II), Cu(II), Se(VI), Cr(VI), As(V). These various studies illustrate the particular affinity of membranes for metal anions (preferentially to cations) due in particular to the greater availability of protonated amino functions. Furthermore, an additional study was conducted on PEI crosslinked with GA (as a powder) for exploring the effect of the crosslinking of PEI on the binding of metal ions. The study demonstrated that the crosslinking rate has a moderate effect on the sorption of Se(VI) ions. At last, after briefly studying the sorption of Pd(II) on the membranes, a reduction was made of Pd(II) loaded on the support (partially converted to Pd(0)) in order to synthesize catalysis for the hydrogenation of 3-NP to 3-AP. This demonstrates the feasibility of applying these supports for heterogeneous catalysis
Garnaud, Stephane. "Transfert et évolution géochimique de la pollution métallique en bassin versant urbain." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 1999. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000070.
Full textZheng, Ce. "Synthèse de nano-amas d'oxyde métallique par implantation ionique dans un alliage Fe10Cr de haute pureté." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS091/document.
Full textODS (Oxide Dispersed Strengthened) steels, which are reinforced with metal dispersions of nano-oxides (based on Y, Ti and O elements), are promising materials for future nuclear reactors. The detailed understanding of the mechanisms involved in the precipitation of these nano-oxides would improve manufacturing and mechanical properties of these ODS steels, with a strong economic impact for their industrialization. To experimentally study these mechanisms, an analytical approach by ion implantation is used, to control various parameters of synthesis of these precipitates as the temperature and concentration. This study demonstrated the feasibility of this method and concerned the behaviour of alloys models (based on aluminium oxide) under thermal annealing. High purity Fe-10Cr alloys were implanted with Al and O ions at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the nano-oxides appear in the Fe-10Cr matrix upon ion implantation at room temperature without subsequent annealing. The mobility of implanted elements is caused by the defects created during ion implantation, allowing the nucleation of these nanoparticles, of a few nm in diameter. These nanoparticles are composed of aluminium and oxygen, and also chromium. The high-resolution experiments show that their crystallographic structure is that of a non-equilibrium compound of aluminium oxide (cubic γ-Al₂O₃ type). The heat treatment performed after implantation induces the growth of the nano-sized oxides, and a phase change that tends to balance to the equilibrium structure (hexagonal α-Al₂O₃ type). These results on model alloys are fully applicable to industrial materials: indeed ion implantation reproduces the conditions of milling and heat treatments are at equivalent temperatures to those of thermo-mechanical treatments. A mechanism involving the precipitation of nano-oxide dispersed in ODS alloys is proposed in this manuscript based on the obtained experimental results, and the existing literature
Zarour, Bilel. "Étude théorique de l'échange de charge et de l'excitation dans une collision à basse énergie entre un ion (atome) et un agrégat métallique simple." Metz, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2001/Zarour.Bilel.SMZ0103.pdf.
Full textThe excitation and charge transfer process are well know in atomic collisions. The aim of this thesis is the study of these process in collisions with metallic clusters. We have worked at low velocities. So to describe the collision, we have used the mollecular method. The resolution of the Schrödmger equation for a great number of electrons is possible, to solve this problem, we have applied the independent electron model (IEM). In this experience, we can detect only some of the electrons to describe this situation, we use the inclusive probabilities formalism, and so we calculate the charge transfer and excitation cross sections. In the collisions atom – clusters of sodium, we have compared with the experimental results of the Aimé Cotton laboratory in Orsay and we have found a good agreement. This has confirmed the validity of our theoretical method
WAHI, TAOUFIK. "Mesure des émissions K, satellites, hypersatellites, deux électrons - un photon des éléments légers : carbone, azote et oxygène lors de l'interaction ions multicharges - surface métallique. Etude à haute résolution des transitions satellites K du néon en excitation électronique." Paris, CNAM, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CNAM0238.
Full textConte, Donato Ercole. "Etude et optimisation des interfaces dans les composites à base d'étain pour électrode négative d'accumulateur li-ion de haute énergie." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20064/document.
Full textThe Phd work, presented in this manuscript, is devoted to the study of the interface interactions between an electroactive species (tin) and a matrix (borophosphate). The latter has a buffer role and is thus able to absorb the volume variations taking place during the Li-Sn electrochemical reaction.The aim of this study is to understand the nature of the reactions occurring during lithium introduction in the composite. In order to do that, a detailed study of a previously studied reference composite (Sn-0,4 BPO4) has been undertaken. The effect of some modified matrixes as well as the synthesis route has also been evaluated. The composite material can be described as having a glassy interface containing some oxidized tin (SnII) which leads to the following global structure: Active element Sn0(1-w)/SnIIwBxPyOz/BPO4 Buffering phase Interphase. A complementary in situ operando study (X-ray diffraction and Mößbauer spectroscopy) gave the possibility to analyze the electrochemical behavior of the material. A first process corresponds to a small tin extrusion from the interfacial zone. This contributes to the increase of the electrical conductivity of the composite material which is followed by the interphase reorganization with the extrusion of the whole tin content. Li-Sn reactions take place then, with the galvanostatic cycling going on between the tin rich compositions (Li2Sn5 and LiSn) and the lithium rich ones (Li13Sn5 and Li7Sn2)
Colombier, Jean-Philippe. "Théorie et simulation de l'interaction des impulsions laser ultracourtes à flux modéré avec un solide métallique." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011110.
Full textLa mise en mouvement ultrarapide des électrons libres insuffle une dynamique puissante de destruction du métal. Des modèles optiques, thermiques et hydrodynamiques adaptés, réalisant la transition entre l'état dégénéré de la matière condensée vers un régime plasma chaud non-dégénéré, sont ici développés. Nous les avons insérés dans un code Lagrangien de simulation hydrodynamique. Nous montrons que des états thermodynamiques extrêmes, hors d'équilibre, peuvent être engendrés et nous avons comparé les taux d'ablation obtenus aux résultats d'expérience.
Une conductivité électrique hors d'équilibre est également développée afin de rendre compte des effets produits par la dynamique électronique sur les propriétés d'absorption optique. Plusieurs types d'expériences numériques, impliquant notamment des dispositifs pompe-sonde, sont ensuite exposés afin d'améliorer notre compréhension des processus de transport (électron-électron et électron-phonon) dans ce régime. Nous avons enfin appliqué cette modélisation aux effets produits par une impulsion mise en forme temporellement afin d'optimiser les expériences d'ablation.
Gachard, Elisabeth. "Synthèse sous rayonnement gamma et caractérisation d'agrégats d'argent dans la zeolithe Y." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00150966.
Full textAnissimova, Marya. "Application du ligand pseudo-biospécifique (IDA-ME (II)) à l'étude de la relation structure/fonction des protéines natives et modifiées." Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1228.
Full textLiu, Dongya. "Analyse des méthodes à potentiel et à courant imposé pour des réactions avec dépôt métallique rapides et lentes : dépôt d'argent sur or dans HNO3 1 M, KNO3 1 M et dans le liquide ionique [EMIM][NTf2] anhydre ou humide." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066427/document.
Full textElectrochemical methods with potential or current imposing for the study of reactions with metal deposition on the same metal and on foreign substrate are reviewed. New information is provided on staircase voltammetry and square wave voltammetry for fast and slow electrode reactions with and without three-dimensional nucleation. Theory is validated through the study of Ag(I)/Ag couple on gold and silver electrodes in 1 M HNO3, 1 M KNO3 and in dry or wet [EMIM][NTf2] ionic liquid. Silver deposition takes place without any three-dimensional nucleation overvoltage only in HNO3 and in dry [EMIM][NTf2]. The electrochemical reaction is fast in aqueous solutions and in wet [EMIM][NTf2] while it is slow in dry [EMIM][NTf2]. Kinetic parameters are determined by numerical simulation
Lu, Jun. "Développement de modèles prédictifs décrivant le couplage chimie-transport dans les sédiments naturels." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2287/document.
Full textManagement of soils or sediments contaminated by metals requires to predict the migration of metallic cations, whose mobility depends both on the transport properties of the medium and chemical reactivity of the system (principally sorption/desorption reactions). To study the sorption of metallic cations (major and trace) in dynamic condition, transport experiments using columns have been carried out with a soil poor in carbonated minerals and organic matter. Considering that the reactivity of this soil was mainly due to swelling clay minerals, a sorption model based on the sorption properties of the Wyoming montmorillonite and built according to a multi-site ion exchanger theory has been integrated into a 1D transport code. The predictions given by this model were then compared with the breakthrough curves measured in this study and those reported in the literature. The study of the reactive transport of major cations highlighted the significant role of protons (even at near neutral pH), and validated the model for major cations (Na and Ca). However, the study concerning Zn (II) showed a discrepancy between the results obtained from batch experiments and those issued from column experiments, which could be attributed to the contribution of another sorbent phase (illite). Finally, the proposed sorption model allowed reproducing with a good confidence experimental data reported from literature for sorption of Zn (II) in dynamic conditions
Liu, Dan. "Synthèse et caractérisation des inhibiteurs d'entartrage et de leurs mécanismes anti-entartrage." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00637079.
Full textSJAKSTE, Jelena. "Etude par propagation de paquets d'ondes de la dynamique du transfert électronique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008743.
Full textDiaz, Mendoza Alvaro. "Conception of a fibrous composite material for the retention of heavy metals." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI125.
Full textHeavy metal contamination is a current problem which affects the ecosystems and their constituent organisms. This problem has been worldwide recognized as one of the biggest challenges of our time. Since the middle of the last century, innovations in the material science field have developed new methods to confront this risk, with techniques such as chemical precipitation or flotation. However, there is still significant room for improvement in this line. Furthermore, recent research has explored how to combine biomolecules such as proteins with materials like polymers to create more active solutions. This thesis work seeks to create a prototype hybrid biosorbent material capable to capture specifically the divalent metal ions Ni(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) thanks to the presence of a synthetic metalloprotein in its structure. To address this objective, the thesis work focuses on the development of a synthetic metalloprotein capable to specifically capture the three target metal ions, from the in silico conception to its in vivo synthesis. On the other hand, the biosorbent material support is processed with the electrospinning technique that consists of a fibrous membrane material, being optimized to host the synthetic metalloprotein in its structure. Additionally, a method to integrate the metalloprotein into the polymeric support is researched. This is achieved by means of a grafting route through surface modified silica nanoparticles. At the end, the integration of both components creates the expected prototype synthetic biosorbent material. This material has been characterized to evaluate its capacity to adsorb the three metal ions of interest, providing some trends of the future perspectives for further development to create more efficient materials for the industry
Goubran-Botros, Hany. "Etude des interactions de biomolécules et de structures supramoléculaires (ex : cellules) avec les ions métalliques immobilisés." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD334.
Full textThis study deals with the interactions between biomolecules and chelated metal ions attached to insoluble or soluble polymers. We have demonstrated the conservation of recognition mechanism between biomolecules, from the peptide to the supramolecular structure (e. G. Cell), and chelated transition metals in different microenvironments of the metal. This recognition seems to be mediated through coordination between the chelated metal and specific amino acid residues, mainly histidine residues, located on the surface of proteins. Extension of the Immobilized Metal ion Affinity (IMA) principle to new techniques is presented. Immobilized Metal ion Affinity Electrophoresis (IMAE) is used for the analytical quantification of the recognition between metal chelates and proteins. The faisability of Immobilized Metal ion Affinity Partition (IMAP) both for analytical and preparative purposes mediated by the histidine residues is developed. The concept of Immobilized Metal ion Affinity Chromatography (IMAC) as well as IMAP had also been extended to study eukaryotic cell properties. Thus, IMAC, IMAE and IMAP all seem to operate on the same physico-chemical basis with proteins and whole cells
Wang, Luyuan Paul. "Matériaux à hautes performance à base d'oxydes métalliques pour applications de stockage de l'énergie." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI031/document.
Full textThe heart of battery technology lies primarily in the electrode material, which is fundamental to how much charge can be stored and how long the battery can be cycled. Tin dioxide (SnO₂) has received tremendous attention as an anode material in both Li-ion (LIB) and Na-ion (NIB) batteries, owing to benefits such as high specific capacity and rate capability. However, large volume expansion accompanying charging/discharging process results in poor cycleability that hinders the utilization of SnO₂ in commercial batteries. To this end, engineering solutions to surmount the limitations facing SnO₂ as an anode in LIB/NIB will be presented in this thesis. The initial part of the thesis focuses on producing SnO₂ and rGO (reduced graphene oxide)/SnO₂ through laser pyrolysis and its application as an anode. The following segment studies the effect of nitrogen doping, where it was found to have a positive effect on SnO₂ in LIB, but a detrimental effect in NIB. The final part of the thesis investigates the effect of matrix engineering through the production of a ZnSnO₃ compound. Finally, the obtained results will be compared and to understand the implications that they may possess
Nafis, Mohammed. "Etude spectroscopique de l'hypericine et de ses complexes métalliques en relation avec leur activité photodynamique." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10117.
Full textMüller, Wolfram. "Extraction liquide-solide de cations métalliques par des cations amphiphiles." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20173/document.
Full textIn the field of selective separation for recycling of spent nuclear fuel, liquid-liquid extraction processes are widely used (PUREX, DIAMEX …) in industrial scale. In order to guarantee a sustainable nuclear energy for the forthcoming generations, alternative reprocessing techniques are under development. One of them bases on the studies from Heckmann et al in the 80's and consists in selectively precipitating actinides from aqueous waste solutions by cationic surfactants (liquid-solid extraction). This technique has some interesting advantages over liquid-liquid extraction techniques, because several steps are omitted like stripping or solvent washing. Moreover, the amount of waste is decreased considerably, since no contaminated organic solvent is produced. In this thesis, we have carried out a physico-chemical study to understand the specific interactions between the metallic cations with the cationic surfactant. First, we have analysed the specific effect of the different counter-ions (Cl-, NO3-, C2O42-) and then the effect of alkaline cations on the structural properties of the surfactant aggregation in varying thermodynamical conditions. Finally, different multivalent cations (Cu2+, Zn2+, UO22+, Fe3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, Th4+) were considered; we have concluded that depending on the anionic complex of these metals formed in acidic media, we can observe either an adsorption at the micellar interface or not. This adsorption has a large influence of the surfactant aggregation properties and determines the limits of the application in term of ionic strength, temperature and surfactant concentration
Daveau, Sébastien. "Contribution aux études d'intéraction d'ions Ne9+ au dessus et sous des surfaces diélectriques et métalliques : application à la caractérisation de la gravure de dioxyde d'hafnium." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066522.
Full textTouchard, Pascale. "Propriétés d'échange et de transport ioniques des parois végétales isolées de cals de lin." Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES017.
Full textZarrouki, Mohamed. "Étude de l'adsorption dans un système liquide-solide : Solution d'ion dicyanoaurate-charbon actif." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845070.
Full textChatei, Hassan. "Étude de l'émission négative secondaire par pulvérisation ionique de composés métalliques : Application à la formation d'ions négatifs de certains métaux." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10003.
Full textCrusset, Didier. "Modification des cinétiques d'hydruration d'une surface métallique par implantation ionique." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS039.
Full textAnouar, Abdellah. "Coordination des métaux lours par la famotidine, agent antiulcéreux." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10115.
Full textLeduc, Alexandre. "Etude par la simulation et l'expérimentation de la production d'ions métalliques Calcium à l'aide d'une source d'ions du type Résonance Cyclotronique Electronique." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC239.
Full textIn the framwork of the SPIRAL2 project, the Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source PHOENIX V3 (upgrade of the previous source PHOENIX V2) has been developed to improve the production of highly charged ions with A/Q=3. The ion source mainly aims at the production of metal ion beams. For this, condensable atoms are sublimated into oven before being injected into the ion source. During the production of such ion beams, the major part of atoms travel towards the plasma chamber wall and remains there. Those losses lead to low global ionization efficiency (of the order of ten percent).An hybrid code PIC (Particle In Cells) was developed to study the dynamic of charged particles and to reproduce the experimental A/Q spectrum produced by the PHOENIX V3 ion source. The simulation focuses on the propagation of ions in 3D. Using several adjustable parameters, the simulation outcomes fit the charge state distribution at the exit of the ion source. This code has provided encouraging results.In parallel with the simulation study of particle dynamic in the plasma, a series of simulations have been run to reproduce the operation of an oven leading to the emission of metallic atoms. The outcomes of the simulations allow analysis of the angular distribution of the particles leaving the hot crucible. The angular distributions provided by the simulations are compared with those obtained through experimental measurements.An experimental study was also initiated to reduce the sticking time of the metal atoms on the plasma chamber. For this, a thermoregulated cylinder has been designed and realised to promote the re-evaporation of fixed paricles. It is thus possible to increase the global ionization efficiency by a factor 2 at least and to study the variation of the efficiency as a fonction of the cylinder temperature
Kouadri, Boudjelthia El Amin. "Piégeage des impuretés métalliques présentes dans le silicium destiné au photovoltaïque par plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII)." Thesis, Orléans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ORLE2089.
Full textExtraction of silicon metal impurities to be used for photovoltaic by plasma immersion ion implantation (PII)
Jean, Etienne. "Membranes liquides ioniques supportées pour le transport des ions métalliques." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES032.
Full textThe aim of the present work was to develop new ionic liquid containing supported liquid membranes for the facilitated extraction of heavy metal and rare earth element ions. Even if supported liquid membranes have proven good transport properties, they exhibit poor stability through time. It was thought that ionic liquids could be a solution to this drawback due to their high stability and poor water solubility. The approach was to synthesize ionic liquids with anions that were well-known as carriers for metal ions extraction. It was then intended to synthesize ionic liquids with long fluorinated chains to improve the interactions with the support membrane. The transport experiments were performed on heavy metal ions, namely Hg(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III), and on rare earth element ions Eu(III), Nd(III), Y(III) and Yb(III). The membranes'permeability (P), initial fluxes (J0), diffusion coefficients (D*) and ion-carrier complexes stability constants (Kass) were determined. We intended to modelize the transport by studying the influence of the carrier, ions concentration, pH and temperature. We clearly outlined the influence of the ion's hardness and the carrier's structure
Schaumann-Gaudinet, Annick. "Perturbation par les ions lithium de caractéristiques ioniques des suspensions cellulaires d'Acer pseudoplatanus L." Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES018.
Full textSandier, Agnès. "Étude de la fixation d'ions métalliques sur des protéines." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120067.
Full textHeintz, Olivier. "Nanomorphologie de films métalliques : étude par S.I.M.S." Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOS006.
Full textLiao, Feng. "Relation entre caractéristiques morphologiques et chimiques interfaciales et comportement électrochimique de couches minces de sulfures métalliques pour batteries li-ion : = Relation between morphological and chemical interfacial characteristics and electrochemical properties of metallic sulfides thin films for lithium ion batteries." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066126.
Full textSurface analytical techniques were combined to study the electrochemical lithiation, passivation and ageing mechanisms of transition metal sulfides (Fe1-xS (0≤x≤0. 07), Ni3S2 and Cu2S) as conversion-type negative electrode materials for Li-ion batteries. A thin film approach was applied by thermal sulfidation of metal substrate used as current collector. The results show reversible but incomplete conversion/deconversion with lithium. Discharge leads to surface passivation with formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer whose chemical composition, stability and thickness were followed during the first cycle and with repeated cycling. Swelling/shrinkage, typical for conversion-type materials, causes irreversible morphological modifications (cracks and pinholes) amplified by multi-cycling. A mechanistic model of the induced thin film electrode modifications including the electrolyte influence is proposed
Olivier, Isabelle. "Stabilité et structure des complexes du cuivre (II) et du vanadium (IV) avec des sucres." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10009.
Full textNanak, Elizabeth. "Développement du concept d'affinité avec les ions métalliques immobilisés pour l'étude des protéines supramoléculaires." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMP749S.
Full textCharrier, Jansson Marielle. "Biosorption d'ions métalliques (uranium et vanadium) sur chitosane." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20052.
Full textPOISSON, Lionel. "Ions métalliques monochargés, solvatés par des molécules d'eau : Collision et Photofragmentation." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007079.
Full textPaitry, Pierrick. "Analyse de la lignée neuronale hippocampique HT22 exposée aux ions métalliques." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES3202.
Full textThe neurodegenerative diseases are complex diseases which majority of cases are sporadic and suggest multifactorial etiology. Epidemiologic studies have shown that some metals are potential risk factors. This work presents two main objectives: - to measure the cellular uptake and accumulation of metals - to assess their effects on reactive oxygen species production and on transcript level of genes of interest. All metals used in the study enter in HT22 cells except aluminiun and cadmium which seem not detectable with the probes employed here. Spectrometric measurements indicate that metals accumulation globally increases with time and concentration exposure. Most important metals for the organism (iron, zinc, copper, manganese) accumulate more than less common (cobalt, nickel) and non-essential metals (aluminium, lead, cadmium). Co-exposure experiments show that manganese inhibits iron and copper accumulation, indicating a common pathway for these metal ions. Moreover, among all metals tested, only the manganese induces an increase of the level of reactive oxygen species. Using these concentrations, particularly manganese induces an increase in transcript level of many genes, including genes of metal homeostasis, especially those of iron genes regulating the oxydative stress, and the gene coding the amyloïdal precursor protein. These results corroborate other studies showing a link between manganese and the development of some neurodegenerative diseases
Tzedakis, Théo. "Etude de procédés d'électro-oxydation indirecte de composés aromatiques par l'emploi d'ions métallique." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30071.
Full textBeust, Hervé. "Dynamique interne du disque protoplanétaire autour de l'étoile beta Pictoris." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00725138.
Full textSeghrouchni, Samira. "Recherches dans la série des tétraazaporphyrinogènes : modifications structurales et étude dynamique : RMN des complexes de ruthénium (II)." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20011.
Full textLin, Xiwei. "Hydrures métalliques crées par implantation à basse température." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112149.
Full textRahioui, Ahmed. "Contribution à l’Étude microstructurale des effets d'implantation d’espèces métalliques (Cu,Zr,Fe) dans l'alumine." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0046.
Full textIon implantation is being investigated as a method to alter near-surface properties of materials, particularly ceramics. It allows, in non-equilibrium conditions, a thin layer to be created, the composition and structure have beneficial effects of surface properties. This study was related to the high doses implantation of metallic ions into polycrystalline alumina. The species (Cu, Zr, Fe) has been chosen from the gap between their valences and the formation free enthalpies of their oxides. In order to understand the microstructural evolution of the as-imp- planted and the implanted-annealed samples, various techniques have been used, suer as transmission electron microscopies (conventional and high resolution), X-ray emission spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES) The observed microstructure in the as-implanted material is composed of several regions. The first of these consists in of highly divided alumina grains including a fine precipitation of the metallic species. In the case of iron, the spinel phase is also observed near the implanted surface. Beyond the implanted zone, a high density M crystalline defects is seen in the alumina lattice. Moreover, an amorphous-like layer is produced by implantation of zirconium. In most cases, the evolution of the implanted zone composition after annealing is consistent with the expected equilibrium phase diagrams
Ahmady-Asbchin, Salman. "Biosorption d'ions métalliques sur une algue brune (Fucus serratus) et mise en oeuvre dans un procédé de dépollution." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2124.
Full textBen, Ali Mounir. "Etude et fonctionnalisation de différents transducteurs (Si/Si2, ISFET, Au) en vue de la réalisation de microcapteurs d'ions métalliques." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECDL0006.
Full textTayeb, Rafik. "Membrane d'affinité pour la récupération de métaux à partir de milieux aqueux : étude comparée de l'efficacité et des mécanismes de transport de membranes à liquides supportés (MLS) et de membranes polymères plastifiés (MPP)." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20117.
Full textBerthier, Jean. "Forces capillaires : une solution d'avenir pour les microsystèmes." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066265.
Full textJonchière, Romain. "Solvatation supercritique de métaux précieux : apports de la simulation moléculaire." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066103.
Full textDespite the vast economic interest it attracts, precious metal transport through hydrothermal fluids is still not well understood, and crucially depends on the species present in solution. In this thesis, we use ab initio molecular dynamics to study the solvation of gold and silver as monovalent ions. After studying the correction of dispersion forces necessary to model water, the most common geological solvent, we have dedicated ourselves to modelling of hydrothermal fluids, gradually increasing the system’s complexity. Thus, we could characterise H2O/CO2 systems in supercritical conditions, identify new complexes and interpret experimental EXAFS signals by studying gold hydrosulphide and silver chloride complexes; and finally observe how CO2 influences the solvation of our metallic ions
Achat, Sabiha. "Polyphénols de l'alimentation : extraction, pouvoir antioxydant et interactions avec des ions métalliques." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978529.
Full textDe, Luca Anthony. "Redistribution atomique de contaminants métalliques aux interfaces des structures des technologies CMOS." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4302/document.
Full textDuring this thesis work, we studied the atomic redistribution of metallic contaminantsin silicon and near a SiO2/Si interface. To conduct this study, we used three complementary characterisation techniques : transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic probe tomography (APT) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).We first studied the diffusion and equilibrium segregation of various contaminants at a SiO2/Si interface, and more particularly, the diffusion of W and Mo. W exhibits a very slow diffusion kinetic.Physico-chemical characterizations performed by TEM and APT allowed discussing the concentrationprofiles obtained by SIMS leading to the diffusion model that we proposed. The study of Mo diffusionrevealed that this specy exhibits a low solubility limit in silicon and strongly interacts with irradiation-induced defects, leading to its precipitation.In a second phase, we studied the effect of a mobile interface, during a reaction, on the atomic redistribution of contaminants near this interface. We performed a comparative study of the behaviourof Fe and W during oxidation processes. W precipitates in the silicon substrate and is progressivelyrejected (snowplow) by the oxidation. Fe preferentially precipitates at the SiO2/Si interface. Theseprecipitates mask a part of the silicon substrate and thus hinder its oxidation, leading to the formation of characteristics pyramidal-shaped defects at the interface. Low temperature nickel germano-silicide formation have also been investigated. This reaction leads to the 3D snowplow of germanium atoms at the NiSiGe/SiGe interface
Dintilhac, Agnès. "Caractérisation du système ADC, perméase de type ABC impliquée dans la transformation de Streptococcus pneumoniae, et définition d'un nouveau groupe de transporteurs d'ions métalliques." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30333.
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