Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ionograma

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Ionograma'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ionograma"

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Costa, Margarete, and Nivaldo Marins. "Hiponatremia associada a antidepressivos: uma revisão." Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria 67, no. 1 (March 2018): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000184.

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RESUMO Objetivo Rever a literatura mais recente sobre a associação entre a hiponatremia e o uso de antidepressivos. Métodos Pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO, com os descritores “antidepressive agents” e “hyponatremia”, incluindo artigos de janeiro de 2006 a maio de 2016. Resultados Foram incluídos 45 artigos. A idade, o sexo feminino e a polimedicação são os fatores de risco mais relevantes, e os sintomas dependem da gravidade da hiponatremia. A hiponatremia pode ter várias causas, sendo a mais comum a síndrome da secreção inapropriada do hormônio antidiurético. Entre os inibidores seletivos da recaptação de serotonina, o citalopram e o escitalopram apresentam risco superior, à semelhança da venlafaxina. O risco de hiponatremia parece ser inferior com as classes restantes, à exceção dos inibidores da monoaminoxidase. Recomenda-se um ionograma prévio ao tratamento em doentes com mais de 60 anos e, sempre, um ionograma um mês após o seu início. O primeiro passo do tratamento é a suspensão do fármaco, revertendo a maioria dos casos leves. No entanto, o tratamento deve ser individualizado, considerando os riscos da hiponatremia e da correção. Conclusões A hiponatremia é um efeito colateral a considerar nos doentes que tomam antidepressivos. Quando a manutenção do tratamento é necessária, deve ser evitado o mesmo antidepressivo ou outro da mesma classe, sendo opções a trazodona, abupropiona, a agomelatina, a mirtazapina e a reboxetina, porque existem poucos relatos de hiponatremia com esses fármacos.
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Mochalov, Vladimir, and Anastasia Mochalova. "Extraction of ionosphere parameters in ionograms using deep learning." E3S Web of Conferences 127 (2019): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912701004.

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Based on a new developed author’s method for recognition traces of reflections from different layers of the ionosphere in ionograms, the ionosphere parameters are extracted. The method is based on the use of deep neural networks (DNN). The rules for extracting the ionosphere parameters in ionograms are given. Based on the results obtained by the authors, an intelligent support system for ionogram analysis is being developed.
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Ларюнин, Олег, Oleg Laryunin, Алексей Подлесный, Aleksey Podlesnyi, Олег Романовский, and Oleg Romanovskii. "Interpretation of oblique-incidence ionograms under the assumption of a spherically stratified ionosphere." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 1, no. 4 (December 17, 2015): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/13388.

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Oblique sounding ionograms show that an ionogram trace can be of nose shape with typical multipath for which the maximum corresponds to maximum usable frequency. However, ionograms obtained from sounding at short paths are of classical type and do not differ from vertical sounding ionograms in appearance. On the basis of ray tracing in isotropic medium we examined changes in ionogram structure when varying the ground range. It is shown that in a stratified medium, multipath can take place at any nonzero ground range though at short paths, to resolve multipathing in an experiment seems to be impossible. Some possibilities for using the assumption of sphe-rically stratified ionosphere when sounding at long radio paths (of the order of few thousand kilometers) are also under consideration. We compared the distance-frequency characteristics (DFC) produced for horizontally-nonuniform ionosphere defined along the path by IRI-2012 model, as well as for spherical-stratified ionosphere for which the height profile does not depend on horizontal coordinate and agrees with IRI-2012 profile in the middle point of the path. Although the electron density profiles exhibit significant variations along the path, DFCs agree with each other up to fraction of the percent. In this case, the form of the ionogram practically in everything is defined by the vicinity of radio path middle point.
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Faretta, Daniela, Felisa Vilches, Julieta Michelli, Yanina Soledad Oliva, María Clara Fritz, Silvina Del Luca, María De Luján Calcagno, et al. "P46 Cambios del metabolismo mineral óseo luego de la cirugía bariátrica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y obesidad." Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Diabetes 54, no. 3Sup (November 21, 2020): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.47196/diab.v54i3sup.432.

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Introducción: la cirugía bariátrica (CB) es un tratamiento altamente efectivo para los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y obesidad, pero tiene efectos negativos sobre el metabolismo óseo.Objetivos: evaluar los cambios del metabolismo fosfocálcico luego de la CB en una población de pacientes con diabetes y obesidad.Materiales y métodos: 56 pacientes con diabetes fueron estudiados pre y post cirugía bariátrica (CB); se recabaron datos personales, medidas antropométricas. Se calculó índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se midieron albúmina, calcio, fósforo, creatinina, ionograma, magnesio en sangre y orina de 24 h y vitamina D. Análisis estadístico se realizó Test de Student o Test de Mann-Whitney y/o Test de Wilcoxon. Se calculó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Valores expresados en media ± desvío estándar. p significativa p˂0,05.
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Zhao, J. J., C. Zhou, G. B. Yang, C. H. Jiang, S. S. Chang, P. Zhu, X. D. Gu, B. B. Ni, and Z. Y. Zhao. "A new inversion algorithm for backscatter ionogram and its experimental validation." Annales Geophysicae 32, no. 4 (April 28, 2014): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-465-2014.

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Abstract. Oblique backscatter sounding is a powerful tool for detecting and monitoring the ionosphere continuously at a remote distance. High-frequency (HF) backscatter ionograms provide the amplitudes of backscatter signals with respect to group path or time delay against operating frequency. Application of inversion algorithm to a backscatter ionogram can extract useful information regarding the ionospheric electron density along the propagation paths. The present study proposes a new inversion algorithm on basis of simulated annealing method to acquire the leading edge of sweep-frequency ionogram, which is subsequently validated by ionospheric vertical sounding data. Quantitative comparisons between the vertical sounding measurements and the inversion results obtained from oblique backscatter sounding indicate that the new algorithm enables us to overcome the instability issue that traditional inversion algorithm faces and output reliable information of ionospheric inversion with satisfactory efficiency, thus providing a robust alternative for ionospheric detection based on oblique backscatter ionograms especially when the ionosphere is calm with slow changes.
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Marín del Barrio, S., P. González Carretero, R. Garrido Romero, K. M. Juma Azara, and C. Luaces Cubells. "Utilidad del equilibrio ácido-base y del ionograma en el tratamiento de la gastroenteritis aguda." Anales de Pediatría 69, no. 4 (October 2008): 322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1157/13126556.

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Ribeiro, E. E. A., M. C. S. Batista, M. A. M. Carvalho, and J. A. L. Silva. "Níveis iônicos e enzimáticos de cutias (Dasyprocta sp.) hígidas, criadas em cativeiro, influência do sexo e da idade." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 60, no. 3 (June 2008): 651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352008000300019.

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Determinou-se o perfil do ionograma e enzimas hepáticas de cutias (Dasyprocta sp.) saudáveis, criadas em cativeiro, como também se avaliou a influência de sexo, idade e interação sexo-idade. Foi adotado um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 4 (dois sexos e quatro faixas etárias), com três repetições, totalizando 24 cutias. Foram determinados os valores para o cálcio (Ca), fósforo (P), cloretos (Cl), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), alanina aminotransferase (ALT), fosfatase alcalina (FA) e gama-glutamiltransferase (GGT). Os valores médios obtidos foram: Ca= 7,62+2,59mg/dl; P= 3,91+1,41mg/dl; Cl= 58,63+16,45mg/dl; AST= 119,54+79,35UI/ml; ALT= 28,08+15,53UI/ml; FA= 26,95+14,01UI/ml e GGT= 25,34+19,44UI/ml. O valor de P foi maior nas fêmeas e da FA nos machos. Os níveis de FA diminuíram com o aumento da idade.
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Ларюнин, Олег, and Oleg Laryunin. "Numerical synthesis of ionograms in horizontally inhomogeneous ionosphere on the basis of compound parabolic layer model." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2, no. 3 (October 27, 2016): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22286.

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Characteristic U-shaped traces (cusps) on ionograms have been identified as off-angle echoes from sloping electron density contours caused by the presence of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). Temporal evolution of the cusps is associated with horizontal drift of the disturbances. A potential for reducing calculation time in numerical synthesis of vertical ionograms is under discussion. Since numerical ray tracing is computationally intensive, we have developed simplified formulation for this study. The suggested model of compound parabolic layer allows us to analytically calculate ray paths. Changes in the shape of the ionogram cusp caused by varying TID characteristics are examined.
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Ларюнин, Олег, and Oleg Laryunin. "Numerical synthesis of ionograms in horizontally inhomogeneous ionosphere on the basis of compound parabolic layer model." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 2, no. 3 (September 17, 2016): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18656.

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Characteristic U-shaped traces cusps on ionograms have been identified as off-angle echoes from sloping electron density contours caused by the presence of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). Dynamics of the cusps is associated with horizontal drift of the disturbances. A potential for reducing calculation time in numerical synthesis of vertical ionograms is under discussion. Since numerical ray tracing is expensive in terms of computer time, we have developed simplified formulation for this study. The suggested model of compound parabolic layer allows us to analytically calculate ray paths. Changes in the shape of the ionogram cusp caused by varying TID characteristics are examined.
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Batista, Maria do Carmo de S., Roberto S. de Castro, Eneida W. Rego, Fernando Aécio de A. Carvalho, Silvana Maria M. S. Silva, Cleyton C. D. Carvalho, and Franklin Riet-Correa. "Hemograma, proteinograma, ionograma e dosagens bioquímicas e enzimáticas de ovinos acometidos por conidiobolomicose no nordeste do Brasil." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29, no. 1 (January 2009): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2009000100002.

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Foram realizados eritrogramas, leucogramas, dosagens séricas de proteínas totais, albumina, globulinas, cálcio, fósforo, magnésio, cloretos, uréia, creatinina, bilirrubina total, direta e indireta e atividade sérica de aspartato aminotransferase (AST), fosfatase alcalina (FA) e gama-glutamiltransferase (GGT) de 56 ovinos afetados por conidiobolomicose e de 371 ovinos sadios provenientes dos mesmos rebanhos dos casos da doença. Os resultados revelaram que os ovinos com conidiobolomicose apresentam anemia arregenerativa normocítica normocrômica, leucocitose com neutrofilia e discreto desvio à esquerda regenerativo, com elevação da relação neutrófilo:linfócito, monocitose moderada, trombocitose, hipoproteinemia (hipoglobulinemia), hipomagnesemia, hipocalcemia e elevação dos teores de fósforo. As atividades séricas de AST e GGT estavam aumentadas e as de FA diminuídas. Não houve alteração nos níveis de uréia e creatinina, mas ocorreu hipoglicemia e hiperbilirrubinemia. Estes resultados podem ser utilizados para estudos experimentais da doença, em ensaios com tratamentos e para identificar casos precoces da enfermidade que não apresentem sinais clínicos. Além disso, os valores encontrados em 371 ovinos deslanados hígidos podem ser utilizados como valores referenciais para este tipo de ovinos na região semi-árida do Brasil.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ionograma"

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SOUTO, Rodolfo José Cavalcanti. "Estudo do perfil bioquímico, hormonal e anatomopatológico do parênquima hepático e renal em cabras e ovelhas com diagnóstico de toxemia da prenhez." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2013. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6295.

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Pregnancy disease (PD) occurs mainly in sheep and goats, supplemented with concentrate, whose expression is due to negative energy balance during the transition period in which the females present in the clinical hyperketonemia, hypoglycemia, ketonuria, anorexia and signs neurological can progress to death. This paper aims to conduct a study of the biochemical and hormonal profile in sheep and goats, and pathology of the liver parenchyma and renal function in sheep with PD diagnosis. We used data (case report forms) and biological materials (serum, plasma and tissue) of 45 sheep and 22 goats that were answered in Bovine Clinic, Campus Garanhuns / UFRPE, diagnosed with PD, from January 2007 to October 2012 . The blood analyzes were: urea, creatinine, albumin, total protein, globulin, β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucose, fructosamine, amylase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), vitamin B12 , folic acid, cortisol, insulin, and total ionized Ca, P, Ca: P ratio, Mg, Na, K. Cl. Besides the characterization of macro and histopathological findings of the liver and kidneys of sheep that died. Urine was examined in the presence of ketones employing the reagent strip commercial. Sheep subjected to necropsy were collected fragments of liver and kidneys for histopathological analysis. Marked clinical abnormalities were observed in goats with high values for urea, creatinine, NEFA, β-hydroxybutyrate, amylase and cortisol, while total protein, albumin, total calcium, ionized calcium, phosphorus, the calcium and phosphorus, sodium and insulin were found below the reference values for the species. As for glucose, 77.28% of goats were normoglycemic TP and / or hyperglycemic, while only 22.72% were hypoglycemic. The results of the sheep revealed elevated levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, fructosamine, NEFA's, β-hydroxybutyrate, cortisol, chlorine, AST, GGT amylase and folic acid as the variable insulin, total calcium, ionized calcium and potassium were values below the reference values for the species. As for glucose, 82.90% of the sheep were normoglycemic with PD and / or hyperglycemic, while only 17.10% were hypoglycemic. With regard to the macroscopic group of sheep with lower body score showed an increase of the liver, and yellowing and the cutting surface, while the sheep with higher body score these findings were more intense. Kidney was observed on the surface in some pallor of lean animals and light yellowish in animal fat. Regarding histological alterations, it was found in animals with lower body condition, liver vacuolated ranging from rare discreet. As the renal injury, rare tubular vacuolation of epithelial cells were observed in 28,57%. In sheep with higher body condition scores greater percentage of vacuolation in the liver was observed and ranged from moderate to severe. Regarding renal lesions, 33.33% of the animals showed severe lesion vacuolization of tubular epithelial cells. Marked clinical and metabolic changes were observed in goats and sheep PD, in which the increase of the energy profile certain metabolites and hormones are important diagnostic tools for assessing the magnitude of negative energy balance and the clinical condition of the animals. In sheep PD causes significant changes in renal parenchyma, characterized by vacuolization of cells that are associated tubular body condition score of the animal.
A toxemia da prenhez (TP) ocorre principalmente em ovelhas e cabras, suplementadas com concentrado, cuja manifestação se deve a um balanço energético negativo durante o período de transição, no qual as fêmeas apresentam quadro clínico de hipercetonemia, hipoglicemia, cetonúria, anorexia e sinais neurológicos que pode evoluir para a morte. Este trabalho se propõe a realizar um estudo do perfil bioquímico e hormonal em cabras e ovelhas, e anatomopatológico do parênquima hepático e renal em ovelhas com diagnóstico de TP. Foram utilizados dados (fichas clínicas) e material biológico (soro, plasma e tecido) de 45 ovelhas e 22 cabras que foram atendidas na Clínica de Bovinos, Campus Garanhuns/UFRPE, diagnosticadas com TP, no período de janeiro de 2007 a outubro de 2012. As análises realizadas no sangue foram: uréia, creatinina, albumina, proteína total, globulina, β-hidroxibutirato, ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNE), glicose, frutosamina, amilase, aspartato aminotransferase (AST), gama glutamiltransferase (GGT), vitamina B12, ácido fólico, cortisol, insulina, Ca total e ionizável, P, relação Ca:P, Mg, Na, K. Cl. Além da caracterização dos achados macro e histopatológicos do fígado e rins das ovelhas que vieram a óbito. Na urina foi examinada a presença de corpos cetônicos empregando-se a fita reagente comercial. Das ovelhas submetidas à necropsia foram coletados fragmentos de fígado e rins para análise histopatológica. Marcadas alterações clínicas foram observadas nas cabras, com valores elevados para ureia, creatinina, AGNE, β-hidroxibutirato, amilase e cortisol, enquanto que a proteína total, albumina, cálcio total, cálcio ionizado, fósforo, a relação cálcio e fósforo, o sódio e a insulina encontraram-se abaixo dos valores de referência para a espécie. Quanto à glicemia, 77,28% das cabras com TP eram normoglicêmicas e/ou hiperglicêmicas, enquanto apenas 22,72% eram hipoglicêmicas. Os resultados obtidos das ovelhas revelaram valores elevados de ureia, creatinina, glicose, frutosamina, AGNE’s, β-hidroxibutirato, cortisol, cloro, AST, GGT amilase e ácido fólico enquanto que a variável insulina, cálcio total, cálcio ionizado e potássio estavam com valores abaixo dos valores de referência para a espécie. Quanto à glicemia, 82,90% das ovelhas com TP eram normoglicêmicas e/ou hiperglicêmicas, enquanto apenas 17,10% eram hipoglicêmicas. Quanto aos achados macroscópicos no grupo de ovelhas com menor escore corporal, foi observado aumento do fígado, além de coloração amarelada na superfície e ao corte, enquanto que nas ovelhas com maior escore corporal estes achados foram mais intensos. Nos rins foi observada palidez na superfície em alguns dos animais magros e leve coloração amarelada em animais gordos. Quanto às alterações histológicas, verificou-se, nos animais com menor escore corporal, fígado com vacuolização que variou de rara a discreta. Quanto às lesões renais, raras vacuolizações em células epiteliais tubulares foram observadas em 28,57%. Nas ovelhas com maior escore corporal maior percentual de vacuolização no fígado foi observada e variou de moderada a acentuada. Quanto às lesões renais, 33,33% dos animais apresentaram lesão acentuada de vacuolizações em células epiteliais tubulares. Marcadas alterações clínicas e metabólicas foram observadas em cabras e ovelhas com TP, em que o aumento de certos metabólitos do perfil energético e hormonal tornam-se importantes ferramentas de diagnóstico para avaliar o balanço energético negativo e a magnitude da condição clínica dos animais. Em ovelhas a TP provoca alterações significativas no parênquima renal, caracterizadas por vacuolização de células tubulares e que estão associados ao escore corporal dos animais.
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Ippolito, Alessandro <1977&gt. "Oblique ionograms automatic scaling and eikonal based ray tracing." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6888/.

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A method for automatic scaling of oblique ionograms has been introduced. This method also provides a rejection procedure for ionograms that are considered to lack sufficient information, depicting a very good success rate. Observing the Kp index of each autoscaled ionogram, can be noticed that the behavior of the autoscaling program does not depend on geomagnetic conditions. The comparison between the values of the MUF provided by the presented software and those obtained by an experienced operator indicate that the procedure developed for detecting the nose of oblique ionogram traces is sufficiently efficient and becomes much more efficient as the quality of the ionograms improves. These results demonstrate the program allows the real-time evaluation of MUF values associated with a particular radio link through an oblique radio sounding. The automatic recognition of a part of the trace allows determine for certain frequencies, the time taken by the radio wave to travel the path between the transmitter and receiver. The reconstruction of the ionogram traces, suggests the possibility of estimating the electron density between the transmitter and the receiver, from an oblique ionogram. The showed results have been obtained with a ray-tracing procedure based on the integration of the eikonal equation and using an analytical ionospheric model with free parameters. This indicates the possibility of applying an adaptive model and a ray-tracing algorithm to estimate the electron density in the ionosphere between the transmitter and the receiver An additional study has been conducted on a high quality ionospheric soundings data set and another algorithm has been designed for the conversion of an oblique ionogram into a vertical one, using Martyn's theorem. This allows a further analysis of oblique soundings, throw the use of the INGV Autoscala program for the automatic scaling of vertical ionograms.
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De, la Jara Sánchez César. "Ionospheric echoes detection in digital ionograms using convolutional neural networks." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/14984.

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An ionogram is a graph that shows the distance that a vertically transmitted wave, of a given frequency, travels before returning to the earth. The ionogram is shaped by making a trace of this distance, which is called virtual height, against the frequency of the transmitted wave. Along with the echoes of the ionosphere, ionograms usually contain a large amount of noise of different nature, that must be removed in order to extract useful information. In the present work, we propose to use a convolutional neural network model to improve the quality of the information obtained from digital ionograms, compared to that using image processing and machine learning techniques, in the generation of electronic density profiles. A data set of more than 900,000 ionograms from 5 ionospheric observation stations is available to use.
Trabajo de investigación
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LEGREE, ERIC. "Evaluation du ionogramme sanguin : recherche de situations cliniques predictives d'anomalies ioniques en urgence ; a propos de 140 examens." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN1M028.

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LE, CAM YANNICK. "Peut-on envisager une prescription rationnelle du ionogramme sanguin dans un service d'accueil et d'urgences medicales ? etude prospective sur 512 patients." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN1M053.

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Lloyd, William Charles. "Ionospheric Sounding During a Total Solar Eclipse." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89951.

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The ionosphere is a constantly changing medium. From the sun to cosmic rays, the ionosphere proves to be a continually interesting area of study. The most notable change that occurs in the ionosphere is the day and night cycle. The ionosphere is not a singular medium, but rather made up of different sections. The day side of the ionosphere consists of a D, E, F1, and F2 layer. The night day of the ionosphere consists of an E and F layer. These layers all have different properties and characteristics associated with them. A notable interaction is how radio waves propagate through the ionosphere. A radio wave can either reflect, refract, or pass through a layer of the ionosphere depending on the frequency of the signal, among other sources of disturbance. The ability to have a radio wave reflected back downwards is a core principle of an ionosonde, which measures the height of the ionosphere. A solar eclipse presents a night side ionosphere condition during the day. The change in the ionosphere that the eclipse will cause is something not a lot of research has gone into. This thesis aims to elaborate on the design and development of an ionosonde along with eventual ionosphere readings during the August 2017 total solar eclipse.
Master of Science
The atmosphere that surrounds the earth is made up of various unique regions. The region of interest for this thesis is the ionosphere. The ionosphere plays an important role in wireless communication of radio waves. It follows that changes in the ionosphere are something of great interest and study. A notable change that the ionosphere undergoes on a daily basis is the shift from the day side to the night side. A solar eclipse serves not only as a spectacular sight, but also to bring a night side condition to the day side. This thesis aims to uncover the changes that will occur to the ionosphere during the August 2017 total solar eclipse.
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Lima, Newton Silva de. "Estudo da propagação de ondas de gravidade na ionosfera equatorial, utilizando observações em Manaus (2,9°s, 60°w)." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2009. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3275.

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This work studies the behavior of gravity waves (GW) in the ionosphere over the city of Manaus (2,9oS, 60oW). For that purpose, ionograms which are specters of frequency in function of the altitude and the secular variation of the height for a set of fixed frequencies (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 8 MHz). The observations were analyzed carried through by a system of called radar ionosonde. This system operates in the radio frequency band between 1and 20 MHz. The studied period comprehends a part of solar cycle 23, that is, since August of 2002 until December of 2006. Additionally, it was also observed that the ionosphere presents strong disturbances during geomagnetically quiet periods. These disturbances are attributed to the propagation of gravity waves which are generated in the lower atmosphere and propagate up to the high atmosphere and ionosphere.
Este trabalho investiga o comportamento de ondas de gravidade (OG) na ionosfera sobre a cidade de Manaus (2,9oS, 60oW). Para tal, foram analisados ionogramas que são espectros de freqüência em função da altitude e a variação temporal da altura, para um conjunto de freqüências fixas (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 8 MHz). As observações foram realizadas por um sistema de radar chamado ionossonda; que pera na faixa de rádio freqüência entre 1 e 20 MHz. O período estudado compreende uma parte do ciclo solar 23, ou seja, desde agosto de 2002 até dezembro de 2006. Observou-se que a ionosfera apresenta fortes perturbações durante períodos geomagneticamente calmos. Estas perturbações são atribuídas a propagação de ondas de gravidade que são geradas na baixa atmosfera e se propagam até a alta atmosfera e ionosfera.
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Sivakumarasamy, Ragavendran. "0D nanotransistor biosensors." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10034/document.

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L’objectif de cette thèse était d’explorer le potentiel des biocapteurs à base de transistors à 1 électron. Depuis l’invention de l’électrode de verre il y a plus de 100 ans, la réponse monotone du potentiel de surface avec le pH est devenue universelle. Aussi, il est bien connu que les mesures de la concentration en ions dans des solutions complexes, de grande importance pour le domaine biomédical, requière des membranes sélectives aux ions. En utilisant ces transistors nanométriques, nous montrons une rupture dans ces concepts avec l’observation d’une réponse en U au pH et la mesure sélective des cations Na+, K+, Ca2+ et Mg2+ dans le sérum sanguin, sans avoir recours aux membranes sélectives. Par ailleurs, les ions divalents ont été mesurés avec une sensibilité deux fois supérieure à la limite de Nernst. Les équations proposées, à l’origine d’une nouvelle méthode pour les mesures sélectives d’ions, peuvent-être étendues à la mobilité électrophorétique. Nous suggérons que ces nanotransistors 0D devraient également permettre des études biomimétiques de la compensation de charge des protéines. Nous montrons enfin que ces composants peuvent être intégrés sur un laboratoire sur puce en PDMS de 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm, qui promet un système de diagnostic sanguin peu couteux et très intégré
The aim of this thesis was to explore the potential of 0D nanotransistor biosensors. Since the invention of glass electrode a century ago, the monotonic decrease of oxides surface potential with pH has become universal. Also, it is well known that the measurement of ions concentration in complex solutions, of great importance for biomedical field, requires ion-selective membranes. Using these nanometric transistor biosensors, we report a rupture in these concepts with the observation of a U-shape pH response and the selective measurement of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations in blood serum, without falling back on selective membranes. In addition, divalent ions were measured with a sensitivity twice of that of Nernst limit. Proposed equations, at the origin of the new method for ion selective measurements, can be extended to the electrophoretic mobility. We also suggest that 0D nanotransistor biosensors are a relevant test bed for biomimetic studies of proteins charge compensation. We finally show that these devices can be ultimately integrated on a mm² PDMS-based lab-on chip, which promises for a cheap and small blood diagnosis system
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Vairo, Donato. "Participation à l'étude du rôle du système adénosinergique en pathologie cardiovasculaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0743/document.

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L'adénosine est un nucléotide purinergique ubiquitaire qui exerce plusieurs fonctions dans l'organisme, notamment au sein du tissu cardiovasculaire, via ses 4 récepteurs RCPGs: A1, A2a, A2B, A3. Le système adénosinergique est donc particulièrement impliqué dans la pathologie cardiovasculaire et en particulier dans la maladie coronarienne et dans la fibrillation auriculaire.Dans la maladie coronarienne, le rôle du récepteur A2a est crucial puisqu'il participe au contrôle du flux coronaire. Nous avons comparé le niveau d’expression de ce récepteur dans les cellules mononuclées circulantes et dans des fragments d’artères coronaires prélevés chez des patients atteints de coronaropathie. L’expression du récepteur A2a dans les PBMCs est corrélée à celle mesurée dans les artères coronaires. Ces résultats indiquent que le récepteur A2a exprimé par les PBMCs a un comportement similaire à celui de son homologue in situ.L’adénosine affecte également le rythme cardiaque. Nous avons donc étudié son implication, via les récepteurs A1 et A2a, dans la fibrillation auriculaire. Nous avons observé une élévation très importante de l’adénosine dans la cavité auriculaire au cours de l’épisode de fibrillation auriculaire, et cette augmentation de l’adénosinémie pourrait participer à la permanence de la fibrillation.Dans une troisième partie nous avons évalué la corrélation entre les valeurs de l’ionogramme sanguin et celles de l’ionogramme sudoral et nous avons observé une corrélation entre la kaliémie et le potassium sudoral. Cela pourrait permettre de surveiller de manière continue etnon invasive les dyskaliémies, actrices des troubles du rythme
The adenosine is an ubiquitous purinergic nucleotide which performs several functions in the body, in particular within the cardiovascular system, via his 4 receptors GPCRs: A1, A2a, A2B, A3. Thus the adenosinergic system is particularly involved in the cardiovascular pathology and in particular in the coronary disease and in the atrial fibrillation.In the coronary disease, the role of the A2a receptor is crucial because it participates in the control of the coronary flow. We compared the level of expression of this receptor in PBçCs and in fragments of coronary arteries taken from patients with coronaropathie. The expression of the A2a receptor in the PBMCs is correlated with that measured in the coronary arteries. These results indicate that the A2a receptor expressed by the PBMCs has a behavior similar to that of his in situ counterpart.The adenosine also modulates the heart rhythm. We thus studied her implication, via the A1 and A2a receptor, in the atrial fibrillation. We observed a very important rise of the adenosine in the left atrium during the episode of fibrillation, and we suggest that this increase in peripheral adenosine concentration could participate in the durability of the fibrillation.In the third part we estimated the correlation between the values of the blood ionogramme and those of the sweat ionogramme and we observed a correlation between the bllod concentration of potassium and the sweatpotassium. It could allow monitoring in a continuous and non-invasive way changes in blood potassium concentration which has a major role in cardiac rhytm diseases
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Sousa, Francisco José de Matos. "Precisão da gasometria na avaliação do ionograma." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/43009.

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Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2019
Propósito: Eletrólitos, como o sódio, o potássio e o cloro, são elementos essenciais à homeostasia. O seu doseamento é requerido com frequência na prática clínica, o qual é efetuado, habitualmente, através da análise do ionograma no soro (LAB) ou através da gasometria (GAS). Outros trabalhos verificaram que os doseamentos efetuados a partir dos dois métodos diferiam significativamente. A variabilidade existente na medição de eletrólitos e a sua relevância clínica motiva uma comparação entre os dois métodos de medição, nunca antes realizada no Hospital de Santa Maria - Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte. Pretende-se, por isso, determinar se a medição de eletrólitos na GAS é equivalente ao LAB nos dispositivos de medição deste hospital. Métodos: Entre outubro de 2017 e outubro de 2018, foram incluídos 65 pacientes num estudo prospetivo, aleatorizado e com ocultação sobre a utilização de soros no contexto de cirurgia pediátrica. Cada paciente foi submetido a três avaliações analíticas no período peri-operatório. Em cada uma das avaliações, foi utilizada uma amostra obtida por punção venosa para análise no LAB e uma outra para o GAS, dos quais se obtiveram 161 avaliações emparelhadas de sódio, 154 de potássio e 143 de cloro. Para cada ião estabeleceu-se a equivalência e a correlação entre os doseamentos efetuados por cada método, utilizando o Teste T - amostras emparelhadas. Resultados: Foi verificada uma diferença média na medição de sódio, potássio e cloro entre os dois métodos de 1 mmol/L (DP 1,89 mmol/L), 0,3 mmol/L (DP 0,19 mmol/L) e -5 mmol/L (DP 1,81 mmol/L), respetivamente, associados a p-value<0,001 e correlações consideradas “forte” para as medições de sódio (r=0,64) e cloro (r=0,78) e “muito forte” para o potássio (r=0,9). Conclusões: O GAS apresenta uma precisão clinicamente equivalente ao LAB na medição de sódio, podendo ser medido, invariavelmente, pelos dois métodos. Os doseamentos de cloro e potássio não são equivalentes, contudo, podem ser convertidos entre métodos, com um elevado grau de fiabilidade aplicando um fator de correção.
Purpose: Electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium and chlorine, are essential elements to homeostasis. Its measurement is frequently required in clinical practice, which is usually performed in serum by electrolyte analyzer (Auto-analyzer – AA) or by arterial blood gas analyzer (ABG). Other studies verified that those measurements could vary significantly. The variability in electrolyte measurement and its clinical relevance require a comparison between the two methods of measurement that have never been performed at Hospital de Santa Maria - Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte before. Therefore, it is intended to determine whether electrolyte measurement in ABG is equivalent to LAB in the measuring devices of this hospital. Methods: Between October 2017 and October 2018, 65 patients were enrolled in a prospective, randomized and blinded study about the use of fluids in pediatric surgery. Each patient underwent trough three analytical evaluations in the perioperative period. In each of the evaluations, a sample obtained by venipuncture was sent to AA and another to ABG. In total were obtained 161 pair samples measuring sodium, 154 for potassium and 143 chlorine. For each electrolyte, it was intended to establish the correlation between measurements performed by each method. Results: A mean difference of measurements between methods in sodium, potassium and chlorine was obtained, respectively, 1 mmol/L (DP 1.89 mmol/L), 0.3 mmol/L (DP 0.19 mmol/L) and -5 mmol/L) (SD 1.81 mmol / L), associated with p-value <0.001 and correlations considered "strong" for sodium (r=0.64) and chorine (r=0,78) and "very strong" for potassium (r = 0.90). Conclusions: The ABG has a clinically equivalent precision to the AA in the measurement of sodium. The chlorine and potassium measurements are not equivalent, however, they can be converted into another, applying a correction factor.
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Books on the topic "Ionograma"

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Klein, Milton M. A parameterized procedure for determining real height from ionograms by use of generalized parabolic profiles. Hanscom AFB, MA: Ionospheric Physics Division, Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, 1985.

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Center, National Geophysical Data, ed. Ionogram analysis with the generalised program POLAN. Boulder, CO: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National Geophysical Data Center, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ionograma"

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"Infrastructures and Ionograms." In The Unreliable Nation, edited by Edward Jones-Imhotep. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036511.003.0006.

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This chapter explores how the Alouette satellite’s reorientation of global data flows and mass-production of ionograms altered the natural order at the core of DRTE’s research. The satellite’s unexpected reliability demanded an automated system of data analysis. Automation, when applied to the ionogram, effaced the complexity used to characterize the ionosphere above Canada and explain violent communications disruptions. The chapter first analyzes the debates over the organization of the satellite’s global ground station network, the control of the satellite, the collaboration with NASA, and the sharing of data. It then examines how these considerations formed part of the technical design of the satellite, and specifically how they required a system for mass-producing ionograms from global data gathered around the world. The chapter’s final section focuses on the resulting problems of data analysis that this system produced and the new reading techniques devised to analyze the overwhelming number of records.
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"Reading Technologies." In The Unreliable Nation, edited by Edward Jones-Imhotep. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036511.003.0004.

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This chapter examines the efforts to make the high-latitude ionogram legible, tracing the effects of that new legibility into wider, resonant views of the relationship between the North and communication failures. It first focuses on the transformations in the way the high-latitude ionogram was read. The same geophysical phenomena that disrupted Northern radio communications made high-latitude ionograms unreadable using standard techniques. Led by one of its founding members, Jack Meek, the Radio Physics Laboratory developed a set of reading regimes that would make these records readable for the first time. The second part of the chapter investigates how the connections built up through these techniques resonated far beyond the laboratory. By linking Northern geophysics and communications disruptions, the Laboratory furnished visual arguments for how defining elements of Canada’s northern-ness threatened reliable communications, feeding back into broader cultural narratives put forward by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and the geographer Louis-Edmond Hamelin.
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"Ionogramm." In Springer Reference Medizin, 1285. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_312072.

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"Interpretation of Ionograms." In The Ionosphere, 88–109. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-1312-5.50012-2.

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"Reduction of Ionograms." In The Ionosphere, 110–46. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-1312-5.50013-4.

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"Infrastructures and Ionograms." In The Unreliable Nation. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/10830.003.0007.

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Caquet, René. "Ionogramme plasmatique." In Guide infirmier des examens de laboratoire, 184–86. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-70220-4.50089-8.

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Caquet, René. "Ionogramme urinaire." In Guide infirmier des examens de laboratoire, 187–88. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-70220-4.50090-4.

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Caquet, René. "Ionogramme plasmatique." In 250 examens de laboratoire, 213–15. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-71033-9.50121-7.

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Caquet, René. "Ionogramme urinaire." In 250 examens de laboratoire, 216–17. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-71033-9.50122-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ionograma"

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Mukhtar, Kamran. "Ionogram inversion using NeQuick2 model." In 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ursigass.2014.6929783.

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Ippolito, A., D. Altadill, C. Scotto, and E. Blanch. "OIASA Oblique Ionograms Automatic Scaling Algorithm Application to the Ionograms Recorded by EBRO Observatory Ionosonde." In 2018 2nd URSI Atlantic Radio Science Meeting (AT-RASC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursi-at-rasc.2018.8471276.

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Akchurin, Adel, and Gregory Smirnov. "MSTID extraction from more frequent ionograms." In 2017 XXXIInd General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI GASS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursigass.2017.8105046.

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Cheng, Wei-Yi, Ze-Wen Wan, Yi-Di Chen, and Zi-Wei Chen. "Automatic classification of ionogram with CNN." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-Taiwan). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce-taiwan49838.2020.9258325.

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Gok, Gokhan, Yasar Kemal Alp, Orhan Arikan, and Feza Arikan. "Ionogram scaling using Hidden Markov Models." In 2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2018.8404620.

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Grozov, V. P., V. E. Nosov, Gennadii A. Ososkov, and E. G. Zaznobina. "Ionogram analysis: a neural network approach." In Fifth International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, edited by Vladimir E. Zuev and Gennadii G. Matvienko. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.337027.

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de Almeida Terra Limiro, L. "RED_ION - Sistemas Automatizados para Reduçăo de Ionogramas." In 5th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.299.373.

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Mochalov, Vladimir, and Anastasia Mochalova. "Application of Deep Learning to Recognize Ionograms." In 2019 Russian Open Conference on Radio Wave Propagation (RWP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rwp.2019.8810326.

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Benito, E., A. Bourdillon, V. Rannou, and S. Saillant. "Performing inversion of HF radar backscatter ionograms." In IET International Conference on Radar Systems 2007. IEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20070556.

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Bartlett, A. "Extraction, analysis and interpretation of digital ionograms." In Sixth International Conference on `HF Radio Systems and Techniques'. IEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19940507.

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Reports on the topic "Ionograma"

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Kuklinski, Walter S., Kavitha Chandra, and Bodo W. Reinisch. Preliminary Development of Oblique Ionogram Automatic Scaling Algorithm. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada222652.

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Dandekar, B. S. Study of Equatorial Clutter Using Observed and Simulated Long Range Backscatter Ionograms. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada309841.

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