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1
Shaik Mohammad Rasool et al. "IoT Based Solar E-Uniform for Soldiers." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 11, no. 1 (2023): 1696–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/cienceng.v11i1.321.
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The soldiers working in harsh weather conditions are better protected by solar-powered E-Uniforms. The E-internal uniform's electronics is powered by solar panels. 12 V DC lead acid battery, Energy is stored using a rechargeable battery. Additionally, we use a typical battery charging machine to deliver power to the circuits. The ESP32 microcontroller, which manages every function, is the brains of the circuit. In order to display the voltage generated by the battery on a 16X2 LCD, a voltage sampler is interfaced with the system using an ADC inbuilt in the ESP32.Both a summer and a winter operating mode is used for the project. Control operations through advance ICs so that it can drive the body heater/cooler by choosing the mode of operation. To enable the soldier adapt to any type of external climate, we will use the heater or cooler to deliver a warming or cooling effect within the uniform.The metal sensor will alert the soldier with a buzzer indication if it finds a metal-like explosive. The microcontroller and IOT are interfaced, and the GPS is also interfaced, allowing for the tracking of the entire soldier. Additionally, the location is messaged to the department or person of interest. The soldier will be able to work in any area thanks to this uniform.
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Ajitha, P., Arun Mozhi Selvi Sundarapandi, M. Soniya, and T. Tamilvizhi. "An IoT-based integrated health monitoring of bulk milk cooler." Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences & Cryptography 26, no. 3 (2023): 851–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47974/jdmsc-1764.
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Bulk Milk Cooler (BMC) Health Monitoring at the milk collection centre assists the reception of the quality of milk at the dairy plant level, which improves the quality of milk received by the dairy plants and reduces the rejection or wastage of milk when it arrives at the dairy plant. The BMC health monitoring includes the pH of the milk storage tank, digital temperature sensor which is free from frequent external calibration, and accuracy does’t with lengthy cables, agitator rpm monitoring which is used to access the health of the agitator in BMC. Similarly, the health of the compressor which maintains 4 degrees C is also accessed. Based on cloud server/webpage-based analytics software as well as mobile phone-based software for live health monitoring, the agents/dairy plant supervisor can take a quick decision to recover the health of BMC, by mobilizing the manpower/service engineer, so that the quality of milk can be maintained at the collection/storage centre level.
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Prof., Anuprita Linge Prof. Sonal Timande Akshay Pande Anjali Motherao 5Sakshi Dhurve Pratiksha Bhoyar Akanksha Dongare. "Innovative Smart Cooler: A Step Towards a Sustainable Future." International Journal of Advanced Innovative Technology in Engineering 10, no. 2 (2025): 15–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15362974.
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In today's world, automation is essential for energy efficiency and convenience. This paper presents an IoT-based Smart Cooler designed for local conditions, which can be operated via the Internet of Things (IoT) and Google Assistant. The cooler can be switched on/off remotely through a mobile app or voice commands, making it user-friendly. This smart system includes temperature and humidity sensors to adjust cooling based on environmental conditions, ensuring comfort while saving electricity. The Wi-Fi-enabled controller allows real-time monitoring and control from anywhere. Additionally, integration with Google Assistant provides voice-operated control, making it easy for users to manage cooling settings hands-free. This innovative smart cooler is beneficial for homes, offices, and small businesses, especially in hot regions of anywhere. It improves convenience, energy efficiency, and user comfort, making it a step towards a smarter and sustainable future.
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Rahadyan, Rayhan Vibi, R. Arri Widyanto, and Andi Widiyanto. "IoT integration with water cooler for temperature control automation in arowana ornamental fish aquarium." BIS Information Technology and Computer Science 2 (April 28, 2025): V225005. https://doi.org/10.31603/bistycs.182.
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The maintenance of ornamental fish, especially arowana fish (Scleropages formosus), requires special attention to temperature stability and water quality to prevent stress and disease. This study develops an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system integrated with a water cooler to automate temperature control in ornamental fish aquariums. This system is designed to monitor important parameters such as temperature, pH, and ammonia levels in real-time using sensors connected to a mobile application, and provide automatic notifications if there are unsafe changes in conditions. The method used involves the design of hardware based on temperature sensors, pH, and IoT modules integrated with applications for remote monitoring and control. Testing was carried out by simulating an aquarium environment to evaluate the effectiveness of the system in maintaining temperature stability and water quality. The results of the study showed that the developed IoT system was able to maintain water temperature within the optimal range of 26–30°C and provide automatic warnings via a mobile application when the temperature goes beyond safe limits. The implementation of this system also reduces manual intervention by aquarium owners, increases maintenance efficiency, and saves energy consumption with more controlled water cooler operation. The implications of this research include contributions to the development of IoT technology for aquaculture, making it easier for aquarium owners to maintain fish health, and inspiring further innovation in the field of IoT-based fisheries. This research is expected to be a reference in creating a healthier and more environmentally friendly aquarium environment.
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Alhaqi, M. A. D., A. P. Nugroho, Y. D. Prasetyatama, L. Sutiarso, and M. A. F. Dzaky. "Internet of Things (IoT)-Driven on Evaporative Cooling System for Tropical Greenhouse Environmental Control." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1302, no. 1 (2024): 012112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1302/1/012112.
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Abstract The impact of climate change on tropical agriculture can be mitigated by using controlled environmental conditions in tropical greenhouse buildings with evaporative cooling. Precision agriculture can be applied by adopting technology based on the Internet of Things (IoT) with easy access and real-time monitoring. A study has been conducted to design and manufacture an IoT-based evaporative cooling control system for cultivating horticultural crops in tropical greenhouses. The system consists of an environmental monitoring node and an air cooler actuator control node. Data temperature, relative humidity, and the response of the control actuator can be monitored in real-time via a cloud server. The study also discusses Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) as an important factor that needs to be considered in controlling greenhouse environmental conditions. The study used a linear regression test, validation test, analysis of VPD, calculation of the accuracy of the evaporative cooler, as well as evaluation of packet loss.
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Hossain, Imam, Md Shihabul Islam, Rabeya Sultana, and Md R. Rahman. "IoT Based Home Automation System Using Renewable Energy." American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering, and Technology 6, no. 3 (2022): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v6i3.820.
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Smart Homes are becoming a part of the Internet of Things, which is growing in applications across a wide range of industries. Current smart home systems have discrete features, low portability, limited updating capabilities, and a reliance on personal computers. The proposed system is expanded on renewable energy source from solar with monitoring and controlling website and mobile application. In this article, we recommend an Internet of Things-based smart home system for comfort, entertainment, and security. Smart home technologies using a smart home app on a smartphone or other connected device to control smart devices like security cameras, smart locks, automated doors, and electric appliances (light, fan, air cooler, air conditioner, washing machine, cooking oven, and so on), a user is able to control the comfort, security, convenience, and energy efficiency of their home. This technology will help to prevent wastage of electricity. Users will be able to reduce their total cost to a great extent and this technology will be a milestone in the overall development of the country. This system addresses these issues by utilizing renewable energy source, ESP 8266, and relay module and cloud computing technologies.
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Hossain, Imam, Md Shihabul Islam, Rabeya Sultana, and Md.R Rahman. "IoT Based Home Automation System Using Renewable Energy." American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering, and Technology 6, no. 3 (2022): 73–77. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v6i3.820.
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Smart Homes are becoming a part of the Internet of Things, which is growing in applications across a wide range of industries. Current smart home systems have discrete features, low portability, limited updating capabilities, and a reliance on personal computers. The proposed system is expanded on renewable energy source from solar with monitoring and controlling website and mobile application. In this article, we recommend an Internet of Things-based smart home system for comfort, entertainment, and security. Smart home technologies using a smart home app on a smartphone or other connected device to control smart devices like security cameras, smart locks, automated doors, and electric appliances (light, fan, air cooler, air conditioner, washing machine, cooking oven, and so on), a user is able to control the comfort, security, convenience, and energy efficiency of their home. This technology will help to prevent wastage of electricity. Users will be able to reduce their total cost to a great extent and this technology will be a milestone in the overall development of the country. This system addresses these issues by utilizing renewable energy source, ESP 8266, and relay module and cloud computing technologies.
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Indrawati, Elsanda Merita, Bambang Suprianto, and Unit Three Kartini. "Development of Fuzzy Logic Automatic Fish Feeding System and Iot-based Water Quality Control." Journal of Engineering Research and Reports 27, no. 3 (2025): 56–69. https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2025/v27i31417.
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Rapidly developing technological advances make it easier for fish farmers to manage fish farming systems in an intelligent, structured, and modern way. This study discusses how IoT and fuzzy logic can be used to improve fish farming in an intelligent and modern way, which includes discussing important issues in managing water quality and optimizing fish feeding. The purpose of this study is to develop an IoT-based water quality control system and an automatic fish feeder based on a fuzzy logic controller. The method used in this study is the research and development (R n D) method. The input parameters in this study are temperature, pH, and water clarity, while the outputs in this study are: aerator working duration, heater working duration, cooler working duration, motor working duration, and the amount of fish feed. The results of the study showed an average error percentage of <5% so that the sensor can work accurately in determining water quality and determining the amount of feed; 2) the water quality control system can work well, where the heater, cooler, and aerator can work according to the quality of the pond; 3) the automatic fish feeding system has an average percentage of <5% so that it can work well and precisely in determining the duration of the motor and the amount of fish feed.
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Sundar, Dr G., Abishek T, Gowtham R,, Praveen D,, and Praveen M. "Design and Implementation of Dual Fan System." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 03 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem42940.
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-The project titled "Design And Implementation Of Dual Fan System” leverages the Peltier effect to develop an efficient and eco-friendly system for room humidification. This system uses a NodeMCU microcontroller for IoT-based monitoring and control. The design incorporates a 12V 10AH relay, SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supply), a 12V blower fan, a Peltier air cooler kit, and a temperature sensor. The primary feature is the temperature- based automatic control of the Peltier cooler and fan, optimizing performance and energy consumption. This smart humidifier aims to improve air quality and maintain desired humidity levels in indoor environments. Air quality and optimal humidity are critical for healthy living and comfort, especially in indoor settings. Conventional humidifiers are often bulky, energy-intensive, and lack intelligent control mechanisms. This project introduces a compact, energy-efficient, and intelligent room humidifier system using Peltier technology. The Peltier module, known for its dual heating and cooling capability, plays a pivotal role in this system. Paired with IoT-enabled NodeMCU, the system ensures real-time temperature monitoring and adaptive control, making it an innovative solution for modern indoor air quality management.
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Rizki, Rizal Alfa, Dista Yoel Tadeus, Fakhruddin Mangkusasmito, Heru Winarno, and Eko Ariyanto. "Metode Estimasi Suhu Minyak pada Transformator Tenaga melalui Pengukuran Suhu Body Berbasis IoT." Ultima Computing : Jurnal Sistem Komputer 12, no. 2 (2020): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/sk.v12i2.1783.
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Oil cooled power transformer has important role in the electricity distribution system. Its windings were immersed in oil as an insulating medium and also as a cooler. This oil would be heated up due to several things, the most significant was heat generated by winding’s power loss. The monitoring of oil temperature on the transformer was always done routinely every day to maintain its performance and health condition. IoT based measurements could improved efficiency and minimized manpower resources. To realize this the indirect non-destructive measurement method was proposed to estimate transformator’s temperature oil. It will corellate the oil temperature and body temperature through a constant calibration factor derived from calculations. Conducted experiment applied to specific existing transformator and followed by calculations resulted a calibration factor = 1.7749. The smallest average of estimated temperature error was lied in the range of 40 - 90 degrees Celcius.
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Suhendar, Benny, Tb Deddy Fuady, and Yoga Herdian. "Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring dan Controlling Suhu Ideal Tanaman Stroberi Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)." Jurnal Ilmiah Sains dan Teknologi 5, no. 1 (2020): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47080/saintek.v5i1.1198.
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Monitoring and Controlling the Ideal Temperature of Strawberry Plants Based on the Internet of Thing (IoT) Using Arduino is to realize hardware design, program development, and find out the performance of the tool. Design of Monitoring and Controlling the Ideal Temperature of Strawberry Plants Based on the Internet of Thing (IoT) Using Arduino through 6 stages, namely: problem identification, needs analysis, hardware development, software development, making tools and testing tools. The tool consists of 4 main parts, namely: DHT 11 temperature sensor, Arduino Uno microcontroller, LCD, and RTC. Based on testing the Humidity Temperature Control Tool and Harvesting Monitoring on Arduino Uno-based Strawberry Plant Cultivation, it has functioned as expected. The DHT11 sensor is able to detect the air temperature in a device that is able to move / turn on the fan as a cooler so that the temperature temperature becomes low
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Maulana, Arif. "Design And Build Smart Remotes For Iot Based Air Conditioners." Jurnal Impresi Indonesia 3, no. 11 (2024): 871–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.58344/jii.v3i11.5711.
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Progress Internet of Things (IoT) technology has open opportunity new in development device smart and capable increase efficiency energy and provide comfort more for user. One of the potential device? For automated is cooler air conditioning (AC), considering its intensive use in consumption energy at home ladder and also building offices. However, traditional AC Still own limitations in matter accessibility distance distance and efficiency energy, which is often result in waste energy consequence lack of arrangement automatically. Therefore that, research This aiming For design and develop smart air conditioner remote prototype IoT based which can controlled from distance Far as well as set up in a way automatic based on temperature data environment. Quantitative methods used? in study This covering preparation tools, observation, consultation expert, testing tools, evaluation, and withdrawal conclusion. Testing done For evaluate functionality tools, stability IoT connections, as well as effectiveness arrangement automatic in control temperature. Research results show that IoT based remote AC system developed capable arrange temperature room in a way automatic in accordance with condition environment and reduce consumption energy compared to with manual operation . System this also works increase accessibility user through control distance far as can be accessed through application mobile. Implications from study This is development more carry on from IoT technology in management device House ladder smart and economical energy. Prototype This can become base for innovation other devices in automation House as well as contribute to global efforts in subtraction consumption energy. With more implementation? wide, expected system This can support sustainability environment through efficiency energy in various sector.
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Widyati, Made Ayu Sri, Yusuf Anshori, Chairunnisa Ar Lamasitudju, Rahmah Laila, and Yuri Yudhaswana Joefrie. "Automatic Fish Feeding and Temperature Control System for Aquariums Based on Internet of Things (IoT)." Journal of Applied Informatics and Computing 9, no. 1 (2025): 146–52. https://doi.org/10.30871/jaic.v9i1.8847.
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Keeping fish in aquariums has become one of the people's hobbies. An important factor in fish maintenance is the process of feeding and controlling the temperature of the aquarium. However, with various activities, fish care is often not carried out properly. This study develops an automatic system for feeding and controlling the temperature of the aquarium with goldfish as the test object. This study designs an automatic system to control the temperature and feeding in the aquarium using hardware such as a DS18B20 temperature sensor, load cell, and ultrasonic sensor. This system is controlled by ESP32 for reading sensor data and Arduino Uno for controlling the relay, cooling system, heater, and servo motor. ESP32 reads sensor data and sends it via MQTT to Node-red. Based on this data, the system regulates the temperature by activating the cooler (peltier and water pump) if the temperature is >28℃ and turning off the cooler when the temperature is <26℃. The heater is active if the temperature is <24℃ and stops when the temperature reaches 26℃. Feeding is carried out according to schedule, with servo 1 dropping feed into the load cell until the weight reaches the target weight. After that, servo 2 moves the feed into the aquarium. If the weight has not reached the target, servo 1 continues to be active. Based on the test, the average percentage of error in the temperature sensor is 0,08%, the weight sensor is 1.10%, and the ultrasonic sensor is 1.61%. This system successfully performs four times a day feeding and controls the temperature within the optimal range for goldfish, which is 24-28℃. The test results show that this system functions well and is in accordance with the research objectives.
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Prasetyo, Johan Eko, and Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin. "Prototype Automation of Air Conditioning Treatment in the Grinding Area Aneka Cocoa Based on IoT." Journal of Electrical Technology UMY 5, no. 2 (2021): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jet.v5i2.12736.
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A good work environment will affect the level of productivity of workers in a company. The operation of the refrigeration machine in the cocoa powder grinding area is very important in production. The indicators for the operation of the cooling machine are dust density, ambient temperature and wind speed. With control on the indicator will increase efficiency. In this study, the indicator is controlled with a GP2Y1010AUF0F dust sensor, a DHT22 temperature sensor, a DS18B20 sensor, and a wind speed sensor as sensor inputs. Furthermore, the sensor will be processed by the Node M CU ESP826 module. System output will be displayed on LED and android. The results of this study indicate the accuracy of the dust sensor is 96.12%, the DHT22 temperature sensor is 99.80%, the DS18B20 temperature sensor is 99.57% and the speed sensor is 95.89%. In this prototype, we can monitor the temperature of the air velocity of dust particles in the engine and the temperature of the engine cooler together and closely monitored.
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Abirami Dasu Jegadeesh and Gaurav Samdani. "Integration of cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence and internet of things: review and open research issues." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 9, no. 1 (2023): 456–64. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2023.9.1.0123.
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Digital tech is moving super-fast, right? And we got these four huge game-changers coming together: Cloud Computing (CC), Big Data (BD), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT). On their own, they've already turned tons of stuff upside down. But when you mash them up, you've got this wild chance to completely redo how we handle data everywhere – like how we make it, sort it out, study it, and use it. It's not just about cooler gadgets; it's like the bedrock for smart, mega-efficient big-time systems that'll meet what today's world needs. Cloud computing acts as the main support for this mix-up providing resources and storage you can scale and get whenever needed. It gives companies the power to handle and sift through heaps of data from IoT gadgets without the big need for in-house gear. Big data is known for its huge size fast speed many types, and rock-solid accuracy. It backs up cloud computing with the necessary gear and ways of thinking to tackle and make sense of the giant pools of data coming from IoT stuff , they build a strong space for making choices based on data.
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Afghan, Syeda Adila, and Husi Géza. "Modelling and Analysis of Energy Harvesting in Internet of Things (IoT): Characterization of a Thermal Energy Harvesting Circuit for IoT based Applications with LTC3108." Energies 12, no. 20 (2019): 3873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203873.
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This paper presents a simulation-based study for characterizing and analyzing the performance of a commercially available thermoelectric cooler (TEC) as a generator for harvesting heat energy along with a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) power management integrated circuit (PMIC); LTC3108. In this model, the transformation of heat was considered in terms of an electrical circuit simulation perspective, where temperature experienced by TEC on both cold and hot sides was incorporated with voltage supply as Vth and Vtc in the circuit. When it comes to modeling a system in a simulation program with an integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) like environment, the selection of thermoelectric generator (TEG) and extraction methods are not straightforward as well as the lack of information from manufacturer’s datasheets can limit the grip over the analysis parameters of the module. Therefore, it is mandatory to create a prototype before implementing it over a physical system for energy harvesting circuit (EHC) optimization. The major goal was to establish the basis for devising the thermal energy scavenging based Internet of Things (IoT) system with two configurations of voltage settings for the same TEG model. This study measured the data in terms of current, voltage, series of resistive loads and various temperature gradients for generating the required power. These generated power levels from EHC prototype were able to sustain the available IoT component’s power requirement, hence it could be considered for the implementation of IoT based applications.
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Purnama Insany, Gina, Somantri, Siti Zulfa Oktaviani, Alun Sujjada, and Ivana Lucia Kharisma. "PH monitoring system, temperature automation and clown fish feeding in aquarium using fuzzy logic method based on internet of things." BIO Web of Conferences 148 (2024): 02015. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414802015.
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Clown fish are marine ornamental fish that are in great demand because they have unique beauty and economical prices. Aquariums are used as a medium for keeping clown fish. However, clown fish are difficult so find on the market because clown fish care must pay attention to all aspects, including the condition of the fish. Fish food, water pH and water temperature. Overcoming this problem is by creating a pH monitoring system, temperature automation and fish feed in aquariums based on the Internet of Things (IoT). Implementation of this system can be controlled and monitored remotely via the website. Monitoring water pH uses a pH- 4502C sensor connected to the Node MCU and DS18B20 sensor to control water temperature. Water temperature automation uses the fuzzy logic method. When the water temperature is below 25℃ the heater will turn on to increase the water temperature to normal and after the temperature becomes normal the heater will turn off, while at temperatures above 28℃ the fan cooler will turn on and after the temperature becomes normal the fan cooler will turn off. Black box testing is used to test the monitoring system that has been designed and the test results show that this system has worked well, and usability testing has been carried out by 18 respondents, 87% agree with the system.
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Hardyanti, Farida, and Pramudi Utomo. "Perancangan Sistem Pemantauan Suhu dan Kelembaban pada Proses Dekomposisi Pupuk Kompos berbasis IoT." Elinvo (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education) 4, no. 2 (2019): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/elinvo.v4i2.28324.
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The problem that often occurs in making compost is the level of fertilizer maturity that is not perfect. This is caused by humidity and temperature in the unstable manufacturing process. This article aims to develop a system capable of controlling temperature and humidity as well as monitor changes in the process of compost decomposition wirelessly and describe the results of testing the system. This research uses a development method with several stages, namely: problem identification and needs analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The results show that: (1) a temperature and humidity monitoring system is realized to monitor and regulate the process of making IoT-based compost by utilizing DHT-22 sensor input as a temperature and humidity detector and sensor to detect the pH content of compost processed using Wemos D1 mini. Output data that has been obtained will be sent to the Android smartphone application and in the form of a relay that will activate the heater and cooler as a temperature stabilizer; and (2) the test results show that performance is appropriate, which by manual means has the advantages of: (a) more efficient 2 to 4 weeks; and (b) has automatic and manual control.
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Olawade, David, Melissa McLaughlin, Yinka Adeniji, Gabriel Egbon, Arghavan Rahimi, and Stergios Boussios. "Urban Microclimates and Their Relationship with Social Isolation: A Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 22, no. 6 (2025): 909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22060909.
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Urban microclimates, which include phenomena such as urban heat islands (UHIs) as well as cooler environments created by shaded areas and green spaces, significantly affect social behavior and contribute to varying levels of social isolation in cities. UHIs, driven by heat-absorbing materials like concrete and asphalt, can increase urban temperatures by up to 12 °C, discouraging outdoor activities, especially among vulnerable populations like the elderly and those with chronic health conditions. In contrast, shaded areas and green spaces, where temperatures can be 2–5 °C cooler, encourage outdoor engagement and foster social interaction. This narrative review aims to synthesize current literature on the relationship between urban microclimates and social isolation, focusing on how UHIs and shaded areas influence social engagement. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, selecting sources based on their relevance to the effects of localized climate variations on social behavior, access to green spaces, and the impact of urban design interventions. A total of 142 articles were initially identified, with 103 included in the final review after applying inclusion/exclusion criteria. Key studies from diverse geographical and cultural contexts were analyzed to understand the interplay between environmental conditions and social cohesion. The review found that UHIs exacerbate social isolation by reducing outdoor activities, particularly for vulnerable groups such as the elderly and individuals with chronic health issues. In contrast, shaded areas and green spaces significantly mitigate isolation, with evidence showing that in specific study locations such as urban parks in Copenhagen and Melbourne, such areas increase outdoor social interactions by up to 25%, reduce stress, and enhance community cohesion. Urban planners and policymakers should prioritize integrating shaded areas and green spaces in city designs to mitigate the negative effects of UHIs. These interventions are critical for promoting social resilience, reducing isolation, and fostering connected, climate-adaptive communities. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and the application of smart technologies such as IoT sensors and urban monitoring systems to track the social benefits of microclimate interventions.
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Wahyudi, Rico, Aulia Ullah, Hilman Zarory, and Ahmad Faizal. "Implementation of Fuzzy Logic in the Monitoring and Controlling System for Temperature and pH of Fry Aquarium Water Betta Fish Based on the Internet of Things." Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro 12, no. 1 (2025): 51–59. https://doi.org/10.33387/protk.v12i1.7619.
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A problem faced by betta fish farmers is the difficulty in monitoring and controlling the temperature and pH of the water in betta fish fry ponds. This condition causes many deaths of Betta fish fry which results in a reduction in the supply of Betta fish seeds. To overcome this problem, a system based on the Internet of Things was developed(IoT) which can monitor in real time and control the temperature and pH of the water in the Betta fish fry pond. This system is implemented in an aquarium equipped with artificial intelligence in decision making which aims to keep the temperature and pH of the aquarium water stable. The components used in this system include ESP32, DS18B20 temperature sensor, water pH sensor, Thermo Electric Cooler (TEC), heater, DC pump, and fuzzy logic implementation. The results of system testing for 14 days showed that the system was able to monitor and control the temperature and pH of the aquarium water, maintaining ideal conditions for Betta fish fry with an average temperature of 28.79°C and an average water pH of 7.45. The system also succeeded in reducing the mortality rate of Betta fish fry, as proven in comparative tests between aquariums without system implementation and aquariums with system implementation. In this trial, each aquarium was filled with 30 betta fish fry. The results showed that the aquarium with system implementation was able to reduce the death rate of Betta fish fry by 5 or 16.67% from a total of 30 fish. Meanwhile, aquariums without system implementation had a death rate of 12 betta fish fry or 40% of the total of 30 betta fish fry.
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Kemas Muhammad Caesar Jayadi and Muhamad Ariandi. "Sistem Kontrol Otomatis dan Efesiensi Energi Listrik dari Penggunaan Air Cooler Berbasis IOT." Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal 6, no. 5 (2024): 3096–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/reslaj.v6i5.2549.
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Air Coolers are the right choice as an air conditioning tool compared to AC because they are much more energy efficient and environmentally friendly. In this system, the Air Cooler on/off function will be controlled automatically based on the room temperature detected by the DHT22 sensor. If the room temperature reaches 24o Celsius, the Air Cooler will be off. Then this automatic system is also able to control the on/off of the Air Cooler based on the number of people entering and leaving the room using the IR Proximity sensor. The Blynk application connected to a smartphone allows for regular monitoring of the voltage and current used by the Air Cooler. Then a comparison of the electrical energy used by the Air Cooler is carried out before and after using the system that has been designed. The conclusion obtained is that the system designed is able to control automatically and save electrical energy from using the Air Cooler.
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Khan, Mohammad Monirujjaman, Md Ibtida Fahim, Abrar Ahamed Habibullah, Nowshin Tabassum, and Aritra Sarker. "Research and Development of a Smart Internet-of-Things–Based System to Monitor and Prevent Household Gas Wastage." Proceedings 67, no. 1 (2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asec2020-07711.
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In this paper, the development of a smart Internet of Things (IoT)-based system to monitor and prevent household gas wastage is proposed. An IoT-based gas wastage monitoring system was developed. The system needs to be integrated with the cooker. There are sensors integrated with the system that will find out if the cooker is being used for cooking purposes or not. If it is found that the cooker is not in use, there is automated switching-off technique in the system to turn off the supply of gas. The system also includes a cloud storage feature. With the help of this cloud storage system, the use of gas per day for each user can be monitored. This process will help to detect the misuse of natural gas of each user at the end of the day. The system has been tested and it is working fine. In the future, more features will be added to this system. This system will help prevent the wastage of natural gas and save the country from depleting its stores of it.
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Effendi, Siti Zubaidah, and Unan Yusmaniar Oktiawati. "Implementation and Performance Analysis of Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System for Server Room Conditions on Lora-Based Networks." Journal of Internet and Software Engineering 3, no. 1 (2022): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jise.v3i1.4834.
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Abstract – A server room is a room used to store applications, data and network devices such as routers. The server room is the data center of a company or institution in which there are applications and databases that store all important and valuable information for the company or institution concerned, therefore the server room must always be in good temperature conditions because the devices work for 24 hours no stopping. If there is a significant increase in temperature, it can cause system performance to be disrupted or hardware damage occurs. The cooler in the server room is not optimal because the cooler is often constrained by frequent power outages. From these problems, a solution is needed to be able to monitor the system remotely so that changes in room temperature can be seen in real time. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the solution to this problem, by using LoRa, which then sends the data to the Telegram application that has been installed on the smartphone so that real-time temperature changes can be obtained
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Narendran S P. "IoT Based Smart Kitchen Using Fuzzy Intelligence and Signal Processing." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 2 (2024): 2484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.2021.
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Kitchen management remains a challenging task, despite many technological advancements. As a result, it's clearly time for us to get the kitchen work done with ease. The ingenious Kitchen uses the Internet of Things for design and features a mobile application as a user interface. Smart Kitchen includes a grocery management system, a fuzzy system for adaptive cooking and signal processing for identifying the cooker whistle. In the grocery management system, an ultra-sonic sensor measures the inventory level and using a Wi-Fi module, data updates the value of a particular key in the cloud. Users can see the amount of item left, be notified of shortage, and get the shopping list using the mobile application.
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Janarthanan N., Chandra Dev K. A., Dasi Raghuram, Narendran S. P. ,. Janani R. ,. S. Balamurugan,. "IoT Based Smart Kitchen Using Fuzzy Intelligence and Signal Processing." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 5s (2024): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.1902.
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Kitchen management remains a challenging task, despite many technological advancements. As a result, it's clearly time for us to get the kitchen work done with ease. The ingenious Kitchen uses the Internet of Things for design and features a mobile application as a user interface. Smart Kitchen includes a grocery management system, a fuzzy system for adaptive cooking and signal processing for identifying the cooker whistle. In the grocery management system, an ultra-sonic sensor measures the inventory level and using a Wi-Fi module, data updates the value of a particular key in the cloud. Users can see the amount of item left, be notified of shortage, and get the shopping list using the mobile application.
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Irshad, Kashif, Abdulmohsen Almalawi, Asif Irshad Khan, Md Mottahir Alam, Md Hasan Zahir, and Amjad Ali. "An IoT-Based Thermoelectric Air Management Framework for Smart Building Applications: A Case Study for Tropical Climate." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (2020): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041564.
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This study investigates the performance of the thermoelectric air conditioning (TE-AC) system smartly controlled by the Internet of Things (IoT)-based configuration for real tropical climatic application. Air cooling management was done through thermoelectric coolers, and an Arduino microcontroller with various sensors such as a temperature sensor, simple RF modules, and actuators was used to control the indoor climatic conditions based on outdoor conditions. The result shows that when the input power supply to the IoT-based TE-AC system is increased, the cooling capacity of the framework is also enhanced. Significant power and carbon emission reduction was observed for the IoT-based TE-AC system as compared to the TE-AC system without IoT. The IoT-incorporated system also ensures better microclimatic temperature control. Additionally, the system cooling capacity improves by 14.0%, and the coefficient of performance is increased by 46.3%. Thus, this study provides a smart solution to the two major energy harvesting issues of traditional air conditioners—an increase in energy efficiency by employing a TE-AC system and a further improvement in efficiency by using an IoT-based thermal management system.
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Pabiban, Duma. "Electric Power Monitoring System on Solar Panels with the Application of Internet of Things (IoT)." Electrician : Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Elektro 19, no. 1 (2025): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.23960/elc.v19n1.2754.
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This study designs an Internet of Things (IoT)-based solar panel power monitoring system with automatic cooling using a water sprayer to maintain solar panel efficiency. The cooling system functions when the panel temperature exceeds 25°C, resulting in an efficiency increase of up to 27% compared to panels without cooling. This monitoring system collects panel temperature, voltage, and current data using sensors and Arduino connected to the Blynk application, allowing real-time monitoring of panel performance. Testing for 7 days showed that the temperature of the cooled panel was around 28.02°C with a power efficiency of 64.1%, while without cooling, the average temperature was 37.69°C with an efficiency of 41.74%. These results indicate a significant increase in efficiency and stability of power output. This IoT system also makes it easy for users to monitor panel performance data remotely, which can be applied in various weather conditions. Keywords— IoT, water cooling, solar panels, power monitoring.
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BimaJaya, Adam, Agustian Damar Permana, and Heldy Devitra. "Solar Panel Efficiency Enhancement through Water Cooling with IoT Integration." Journal of Power, Energy, and Control 2, no. 1 (2025): 67–80. https://doi.org/10.62777/pec.v2i1.53.
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The efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) solar panels declines significantly with increasing temperature due to the thermal sensitivity of semiconductor materials. To mitigate this issue, various cooling strategies—particularly water-based systems—have been explored. This study presents the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system to assess the impact of water cooling on PV panel performance. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory environment using observational methods, with data collected at 30-second intervals and visualized via the ThingSpeak platform. Results show that panels equipped with water cooling maintained lower operating temperatures and generated higher average voltage outputs than non-cooled counterparts. These findings confirm a positive correlation between temperature reduction and enhanced panel efficiency. While current measurements were not directly analyzed due to the system’s solar charge controller (SCC) configuration, the overall setup proved effective for real-time performance monitoring and demonstrates the potential of IoT integration in optimizing solar energy systems, particularly for large-scale applications.
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Hong, Tao, Rui Liu, Ziwei Liu, Xiaojin Ding, and Gengxin Zhang. "An Asynchronous Collision-Tolerant ACRDA Scheme Based on Satellite-Selection Collaboration-Beamforming for LEO Satellite IoT Networks." Sensors 23, no. 7 (2023): 3549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073549.
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In this paper, an asynchronous collision-tolerant ACRDA scheme based on satellite-selection collaboration-beamforming (SC-ACRDA) is proposed to solve the avalanche effect caused by packet collision under random access (RA) high load in the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite Internet of Things (IoT) networks. A non-convex optimization problem is formulated to realize the satellite selection problem in multi-satellite collaboration-beamforming. To solve this problem, we employ the Charnes-Cooper transformation to transform a convex optimization problem. In addition, an iterative binary search algorithm is also designed to obtain the optimization parameter. Furthermore, we present a signal processing flow combined with ACRDA protocol and serial interference cancellation (SIC) to solve the packet collision problem effectively in the gateway station. Simulation results show that the proposed SC-ACRDA scheme can effectively solve the avalanche effect and improve the performance of the RA protocol in LEO satellite IoT networks compared with benchmark problems.
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Srimal, M. D. W., M. S. M. Aboobucker, H. H. Sha, R. Anjum, M. R. Ahmed, and T. Raja Rani. "Emerging Frontiers in CEA: An IoT-Based System Architecture for Smart, Sustainable, and High-Yielding Controlled Environment Agriculture." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1401, no. 1 (2024): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1401/1/012004.
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Abstract Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) cultivates fruits, vegetables, herbs, and other plants in fully or semi-controlled environments. It enables precise manipulation of critical plant growth factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, CO2, and nutrients, fostering optimal production. While CEA offers unparalleled yield potential, it has challenges like operational complexities and energy consumption concerns. We propose an IoT (Internet of Things) based system architecture for sensing and controlling CEA systems to address these challenges. The proposed system is designed for a hydroponic-based CEA system. In the system, four IoT devices are used to connect sensors. Each device utilizes various sensors to collect real-time data on key growth factors. IoT devices publish data as Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) telemetry messages, accepted by various subscribers for processing and actions. A Microsoft Azure Edge device has been deployed as the data processing and analysis hub. It processes the MQTT messages using software modules packaged as Dockerized containers, extracts relevant information, sends required control signals to actuators and forwards selected results to the Microsoft Azure cloud for further processing and notifications. Four IoT devices are available in the system to control the growth factors at optimal levels. Various actuators are connected to these devices, such as heaters, coolers, humidifiers, dehumidifiers etc.. The dashboard of the system has been built using Node-RED, and it displays the status of the sensors and actuators and can switch between manual mode and AI-controlled auto mode. The system has been tested continuously for twelve hours and the test results indicate that the system can manage and control modern CEA systems.
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Mohammed, Ghadhban Ahmed, and Aidi Sharif Anmar. "ENHANCING PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL EFFICIENCY WITH AN IOT-ENABLED ROBOTIC CLEANING SYSTEM – A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW." Engineering and Technology Journal 08, no. 06 (2023): 2337–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054921.
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The maintenance and cleaning of photovoltaic panels is critical to ensure maximum energy output and prolong their lifespan. However, manual cleaning of large-scale solar farms is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an IoT-based robotic cleaner for efficient monitoring and cleaning of photovoltaic panels. The proposed robotic cleaner is equipped with a camera, sensors, and a cleaning mechanism. The camera captures real-time images of the solar panels, which are analyzed by an AI-based algorithm to detect and locate dirt, debris, and other obstructions. The sensors measure environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity, which are used to optimize the cleaning schedule and ensure the safety of the cleaning operation. The cleaning mechanism of the robotic cleaner is based on a high-pressure water jet that removes dirt and debris without damaging the solar panels. The water is supplied by an onboard tank and can be heated or cooled as required. The cleaning process is automated and can be controlled remotely through a web-based interface. The proposed IoT-based robotic cleaner offers several benefits compared to manual cleaning. It reduces labor costs, minimizes the risk of injury to workers, and improves the efficiency of cleaning operations. Moreover, it ensures consistent and high-quality cleaning, which leads to increased energy output and prolongs the lifespan of the solar panels. Overall, this paper presents a novel approach to automate the cleaning of photovoltaic panels using IoT and robotics technologies. The proposed solution has the potential to revolutionize the maintenance of solar farms and contribute to the development of sustainable and clean energy systems.
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Charris, Daniela, Diego Gomez, Angie Rincon Ortega, Mauricio Carmona, and Mauricio Pardo. "A Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting Scheme with Passive Cooling for Outdoor IoT Sensors." Energies 13, no. 11 (2020): 2782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112782.
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This paper presents an energetically autonomous IoT sensor powered via thermoelectric harvesting. The operation of thermal harvesting is based on maintaining a temperature gradient of at least 26.31 K between the thermoelectric-generator sides. While the hot side employs a metal plate, the cold side is attached with a phase-change material acting as an effective passive dissipative material. The desired temperature gradient allows claiming power conversion efficiencies of about 26.43%, without efficiency reductions associated with heating and soiling. This work presents the characterization of a low-cost off-the-shelf thermoelectric generator that allows estimating the production of at least 407.3 mW corresponding to 2.44 Wh of available energy considering specific operation hours—determined statistically for a given geographic location. Then, the energy production is experimentally verified with the construction of an outdoor IoT sensor powered by a passively-cooled thermoelectric generator. The prototype contains a low-power microcontroller, environmental sensors, and a low-power radio to report selected environmental variables to a central node. This work shows that the proposed supply mechanism provides sufficient energy for continuous operation even during times with no solar resource through an on-board Li-Po battery. Such a battery can be recharged once the solar radiation is available without compromising sensor operation.
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Sihombing, Panangian Mahadi, Usman Usman, Hairul Amren Samosir, and Catra Indra Cahyadi. "AN IOT PROTOTYPE FOR TEMPERATURE MONITORING AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF ELECTRIC MOTOR." JURTEKSI (Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi) 9, no. 4 (2023): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/jurteksi.v9i4.2255.
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Abstract: The continuous use of an electric motor in some industries causes the electric motor to malfunction early. Such damage is generally caused by overheating. Therefore, to overcome the problem of overheating, most industries use two motors that work alternately. Both electric motors function as running and standby which are generally controlled manually by the operator or using a time delay relay (TDR). However, the control of both motors by the operator is not effective because it allows human error to occur. The use of TDR is also ineffective because it does not make the temperature of the electric motor a reference in controlling the work of the two electric motors. This research aims to produce a prototype that can monitor the temperature of the electric motor in real-time and control the electric motor based on the temperature of the electric motor. The Wemos D1R2 is used as a processor to control both electric motors and transmit the temperature of the electric motor to a smartphone via the internet. The MLX90614 sensor is used as an infrared-based temperature sensor. Based on the results of testing the overall performance of the prototype, it is known that the temperature readings of the electric motor are quite accurate with mean error and standard deviation of 0.13oC and 0.15oC, respectively. The prototype is also capable of controlling both electric motors automatically and controlling a cooler via a smartphone. Keywords: Electric Motor; MLX90614; Overheating; Wemos D1R2. Abstrak: Penggunaan sebuah motor listrik secara terus menerus pada sebagian industri menyebabkan motor listrik tersebut mengalami kerusakan lebih awal. Kerusakan tersebut umumnya disebabkan oleh panas berlebih. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengatasi masalah panas berlebih tersebut maka sebagian besar industri menggunakan dua buah motor yang bekerja secara bergantian. Kedua motor listrik tersebut difungsikan sebagai running dan standby yang mana umumnya dikendalikan secara manual oleh operator atau menggunakan time delay relay (TDR). Namun, pengendalian kedua motor oleh operator tidaklah efektif karena memungkinkan terjadinya human error. Penggunaan TDR juga tidak efektif karena tidak menjadikan suhu motor listrik sebagai acuan dalam mengendalikan kerja kedua motor listrik tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan sebuah prototipe yang mampu mengawasi suhu motor listrik secara real-time dan mengendalikan motor listrik berdasarkan suhu motor listrik. Wemos D1R2 digunakan sebagai prosesor untuk mengendalikan kedua motor listrik dan mengirimkan suhu motor listrik ke smartphone melalui internet. Sensor MLX90614 digunakan sebagai sensor suhu berbasis infra merah. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian kinerja prototipe secara keseluruhan diketahui bahwa hasil pembacaan suhu motor listrik cukup akurat dengan mean error dan standar deviasi masing-masing 0,13oC dan 0,15oC. Prototipe juga mampu mengontrol kedua motor listrik secara otomatis dan mengontrol sebuah pendingin melalui smartphone. Kata kunci: Motor Listrik; MLX90614; Panas Berlebih; Wemos D1R2.
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Raharjo, Annas Wismo, and Shazana Dhiya Ayuni. "AUTOMATIC COOKER HOOD MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON INTERNET OF THINGS." Journal for Technology and Science 1, no. 3 (2024): 86–98. https://doi.org/10.61796/ipteks.v1i3.209.
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Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) poses a significant health risk, particularly for housewives frequently exposed to kitchen smoke, which contains harmful pollutants like carbon monoxide, potentially leading to serious conditions such as cancer and pneumonia. To address this issue, the development of an effective smoke removal system is crucial. This research employs a Research and Development methodology to design and test an automatic cooker hood that utilizes the MQ-7 sensor for smoke detection, controlling a 12V DC fan through a relay to operate at three adjustable speeds: low, medium, and high, based on real-time smoke intensity. The Aims of this study are to create a monitoring tool that efficiently removes kitchen smoke and provides immediate feedback on air quality. Results indicate that the system functions optimally, with the fan speed successfully adjusting according to detected smoke levels and displaying data on a 16x2 I2C LCD as well as through the Blynk application, offering clear visualization of air quality metrics. This research introduces a Novelty in integrating IoT technology for real-time air quality monitoring in kitchens, enhancing user awareness and intervention capabilities. However, fluctuations in smoke readings from the MQ-7 sensor present a Knowledge Gap, highlighting inconsistencies that affect PPM accuracy. The Implications of this study suggest the potential for improved health outcomes through better indoor air quality management, while future research should explore sensor accuracy enhancements and optimal placement strategies to ensure more reliable measurements, thereby further advancing the effectiveness of the automatic cooker hood system.
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Kuswanto, Jeki, Febrian Putra Pratama, Wahid Miftahul Ashari, and Firman Asharudin. "Model Sistem Monitoring Daya Listrik Rumah Tangga dengan Nodemcu Berbasis Android." Progresif: Jurnal Ilmiah Komputer 19, no. 1 (2023): 221. https://doi.org/10.35889/progresif.v19i1.1195.
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<p><em>One of the problems that arise due to the use of electronic equipment that uses electricity uncontrollably is a waste of electrical energy, which results in an increase in the cost of using electricity. The Internet of Things (Io)T is becoming a technology concept that is increasingly being used. By developing IoT-based tools, it is hoped that it will facilitate monitoring of electricity consumption in households. The results of monitoring within 6 days with electronic devices such as rice cookers, refrigerators, laptop chargers, and fans can be concluded that the current value is in the range 0.19A-1.17A, the voltage value is in the range 205.9V-216.8V, the power value is in the range 24.5W- 223W, the kiloWatt value is in the range of 0.02kW- 0.22kW, and the cost value is in the range of Rp. 33.12-Rp. 301.5. There fore the electric power monitoring system can work to monitor the electric power used.</em></p><p><em>Keywords: Electric Power; Internet of Things; Monitoring; Nodemcu; Pzem-004t</em><em></em></p><p align="center"><em> </em></p><p align="center"><em>Abstrak</em></p><p>Salah satu masalah yang timbul akibat penggunaan peralatan elektronik yang menggunakan listrik tidak terkendali adalah pemborosan energi listrik, yang mengakibatkan meningkatnya biaya penggunaan listrik. <em> Internet of Things</em> (Io)T menjadi konsep teknologi yang semakin banyak digunakan. Dengan mengembangkan alat berbasis IoT, diharapkan dapat memudahkan dalam monitoring pemakaian daya listrik pada rumah tangga. Hasil monitoring dalam jangka waktu 6 hari dengan alat elektronik berupa rice cooker, kulkas, charger laptop, dan kipas dapat disimpulkan nilai arus berada pada range 0.19A-1.17A, nilai tegangan berada pada range 205.9V- 216.8V, nilai daya berada pada range 24.5W- 223W, nilai kiloWatt berada pada range 0.02kW- 0.22kW, dan nilai biaya berada pada range Rp 33.12-Rp 301.5. Maka dari itu sistem monitoring daya listrik dapat bekerja untuk pemantauan daya listrik yang digunakan<em>. </em></p><p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong><em> Daya Listrik; Internet of Things; Monitoring; Nodemcu; Pzem-004t</em></p>
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Surahman, U., B. Trisno, R. A. Budiman, et al. "Empowering energy conservation: A prototype of household energy consumption monitoring based on Internet of Things." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1404, no. 1 (2024): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1404/1/012056.
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Abstract One of the obstacles to control household energy consumption is unavailability electricity instruments/tools to monitor electricity energy consumed by appliances causing a lack of awareness of household energy saving. Energy meter installed on buildings only show electricity consumption in total. This study aims to design and create a prototype system that can monitor and control the electrical appliances usage utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT)-based electronic devices where electricity usage data is stored in Firebase real-time database. The methods carried out are arranged in several stages, starting from data collection, design, configuration, and implementation. The tools used in this research will utilize the ESP8266 as the microcontroller, the PZEM-004T as current sensor and the Blynk as the web server. The tool will send current voltage (Volt (V)) and capacity (Watt (W)) data and then converted to energy and also the costs incurred from electricity usage based on the basic electricity tariff of National Electricity Company (PLN) and the results can be seen directly through IoT (i.e. smartphone, PC, laptop). The accuracy of power measurement by the system is 97.4% compared to measurement used by watt-checker. The results of this study show that an electrical power monitoring system makes people easier to monitor electrical power consumption by appliances used. The pilot measurement shows that a unit system can monitor electricity usage for four units of electronic equipment i.e. water pump, Television, fridge, electrical iron, rice cooker, etc. precisely and succeeded to control and increase energy saving awareness to reduce electricity consumption at the end.
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Ibsen, Claus H., and Bilal A. Qadri. "The journey to digitalization with the digital twin concept." Open Access Government 37, no. 1 (2023): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-037-10199.
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The journey to digitalization with the digital twin concept Claus H. Ibsen and Bilal A. Qadri from Vestas aircoil A/S explore digital twins from their completed Horizon 2020 project InDEStruct, targeting a digital twin concept for their charge air coolers. In the Industry 4.0 proposal, the digital transformation of companies and the use of IoT (internet of things) explores digital twins. A digital twin is a virtual representation of a physical system that serves as the real-time digital surrogate, which provides indication of its engineering performance. Data is sent to the digital model from the physical product, with the purpose of the digital model being able to provide performance measures to optimize the product. Using digital twins, Vestas Aircoil A/S is currently engaged in a new project. It aims at developing cost-effective digital twin frameworks based on digital sensing units. The state-of-the-art sensing technology, computing technology, simulation acceleration and co-simulation-based digital twins used are provided by a project consortium consisting of industrial partners and academic partners.
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Liu, Qiulin, Guodong Li, Hangtian Zhu, and Huaizhou Zhao. "Micro thermoelectric devices: From principles to innovative applications." Chinese Physics B 31, no. 4 (2022): 047204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ac5609.
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Thermoelectric devices (TEDs), including thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and thermoelectric coolers (TECs) based on the Seebeck and Peltier effects, respectively, are capable of converting heat directly into electricity and vice versa. Tough suffering from low energy conversion efficiency and relatively high capital cost, TEDs have found niche applications, such as the remote power source for spacecraft, solid-state refrigerators, waste heat recycling, and so on. In particular, on-chip integrable micro thermoelectric devices (μ-TEDs), which can realize local thermal management, on-site temperature sensing, and energy harvesting under minor temperature gradient, could play an important role in biological sensing and cell cultivation, self-powered Internet of Things (IoT), and wearable electronics. In this review, starting from the basic principles of thermoelectric devices, we summarize the most critical parameters for μ-TEDs, design guidelines, and most recent advances in the fabrication process. In addition, some innovative applications of μ-TEDs, such as in combination with microfluidics and photonics, are demonstrated in detail.
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Vigneshwaran, P., N. Padmavathi, G. Nirmala, and A. Sowmiya. "An Intelligent Cooling System Based on Predictive Time Domain Algorithm with Thermoelectric Coolers for Wind Turbines." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 25, no. 2 (2022): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v25i2.a08.
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Development of Power Electronics devices (PED) made renewable energy generation of power more feasible than that of traditional power plant generation. In India, Tamil Nadu the major source of renewable generation is come from Wind generation. Due to PED, heat generated is the Major issues in wind power generation, which consequence in terrible combustion accidents and disasters. Cooling system such as compressor based cooling scheme or two phases cooling is provided in addition to natural air cooling. The major disadvantages of the scheme are their volume, requirement of large power supplies and frequent chance to catch fire. Currently, using Thermo-electric coolers (TEC) called Peltier modules to provide cooling in wind power plant. Only after the system has reached massive temperature levels can it excavates the heat. The proposed method using predictive time domain algorithm the cooling process initiated in prepone manner. As soon as heat go up the system will detected and switched on cooling in predictive manner which can avoid the system to reach the maximum temperature. By using IoT, the system can monitor the temperature level and make use of predictive cooling technology over the surfaces without any delay time.
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Kusuma, Redika Ardi, Joko Nugroho Wahyu Karyadi, and Sri Rahayoe. "Design of a low-cost IoT-based data logger for monitoring the palm sugar drying system using ESP32 and Modbus/MQTT conversion." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1386, no. 1 (2024): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1386/1/012025.
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Abstract Palm Sugar is made from coconut sap, evaporated and cooled to crystallize to form powder. To obtain palm sugar that is safe to store, the water content needs to be reduced through controlled drying, usually with a cabinet dryer. Unfortunately, this process may result in non-uniformity of product quality due to non-uniformity of temperature in the drying chamber, so a monitoring system is needed for evaluation. This study aimed to design a low-cost Internet of Things (IoT)-based data logger to monitor the drying temperature of palm sugar in a cabinet dryer. The data logger utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller to access 7-channel temperature data from the NT18B07 sensor module, which can only communicate in the Modbus RTU RS485 protocol, then converts it into Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) format. The Adafruit IO cloud platform was selected for the MQTT broker, whose data was then subscribed to by the IoT MQTT panel application and recorded in a Google sheet. A 20x04 I2C LCD and a microSD module were used to display and store data locally. The performance analysis results show that the designed data logger has a publisher-to-subscriber latency of 353 ms and throughput of 2 kbps. The designed data logger successfully sent data via MQTT, completing more than 97% of the 1440 daily logs with an interval of 1 minute. It also has a measurement accuracy and precision level of above 99%. The details of the specific design and its implementation were described.
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Harun, Zalina, Zainab Kayat, Fadillah A Hamid, and Shahrul Azman Zainal Abidin. "HOT AIR RECIRCULATION (HAR) DIGITAL 1.0 – IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF LNG PLANTS USING AI AND IOT." Platform : A Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 1 (2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/pjstvol4iss1art13547.
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PETRONAS (PETRONAS Research, Group Technical Solution and LNG Plant), in collaboration with JGC Corporation (Japan), developed a predictive algorithm-based application named HAR Digital 1.0 that utilises Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The system provides real-time weather data prediction to forecast power margin setting for gas turbine and allow the plant to maintain stable operation with the opportunity to increase LNG production. Hot air recirculation (HAR) is a phenomenon that affects air-cooled LNG plants due to its geographical location, in which the hot air from air-cooled heat exchangers (ACHE) flows back into the ACHE intake or the intake of other equipment such as the gas turbine (GT). This reduces the turbine helper motor power margin availability, hence forces higher power requirements to the gas turbines, making the operation energy inefficient, exposes them to instability, and subsequently may cause plant trip. To date, there is no accurate method to predict the occurrence of HAR that could allow the plant’s advanced process control (APC) to adjust the power margin setting to optimise GT operation. This innovation uses Real-Time Qualified Plant Data and Predictive Data Analytics to provide Forecasted Temperature and Power Margin Set Limit to allow for early ACHE/GT temperature prediction. This will assist APC in power margin setting, which allows the plant to use any available power margin to boost LNG production safely and reduces process fluctuation. A solid and compelling economic case is confirmed from the economic evaluation conducted based on the new power margin value. The production increase is estimated to translate to more than MYR 12 million per annum for two LNG trains.
 Keywords: Hot air recirculation, LNG Production
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Dąbrowska, Anna, Monika Kobus, Piotr Sowiński, Łukasz Starzak, and Bartosz Pękosławski. "Integration of Active Clothing with a Personal Cooling System within the NGIoT Architecture for the Improved Comfort of Construction Workers." Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (2024): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020586.
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Intense physical activity and high ambient temperature cause construction workers to be exposed to an increased risk of overheating, especially in the summer season. Personal cooling systems have great potential to support workers’ thermoregulation and reduce this risk. In particular, solutions based on the thermoelectric effect can provide high cooling effectiveness and ergonomics at the same time. In this paper, a newly developed active clothing solution with flexible thermoelectric modules intended for outdoor activities is presented. The active clothing was subjected to utility tests on a treadmill under laboratory conditions with the participation of potential end users. A comparison of results from cooled and uncooled places indicated a reduction in local skin temperature of as much as 2.7 °C. Moreover, a gradual decrease in temperature in the uncooled place during the experiment was observed. Based on the positive results from this evaluation, the personal cooling system was integrated into active clothing within the ASSIST-IoT NGIoT reference architecture. This allows contextual and personalized adjustment of the cooling power to be provided using AI techniques and, additionally, by using data from a weather station and a smartwatch. Training procedures and models for the AI system are proposed, with special attention paid to the privacy aspect.
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Silva Oliveira, Vinícius, Marcelo Miranda Camboim, Cleonilson Protasio de Souza, Bruno Alessandro Silva Guedes de Lima, Orlando Baiocchi, and Hee-Seok Kim. "A Thermoelectric Energy Harvester Based on Microstructured Quasicrystalline Solar Absorber." Micromachines 12, no. 4 (2021): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12040393.
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As solar radiation is the most plentiful energy source on earth, thermoelectric energy harvesting emerges as an interesting solution for the Internet of Things (IoTs) in outdoor applications, particularly using semiconductor thermoelectric generators (TEGs) to power IoT devices. However, when a TEG is under solar radiation, the temperature gradient through TEG is minor, meaning that the TEG is useless. A method to keep a significant temperature gradient on a TEG is by using a solar absorber on one side for heating and a heat sink on the other side. In this paper, a compact TEG-based energy harvester that features a solar absorber based on a new class of solid matter, the so-called quasicrystal (QC), is presented. In addition, a water-cooled heat sink to improve the temperature gradient on the TEG is also proposed. The harvester is connected to a power management circuit that can provide an output voltage of 3 V and store up to 1.38 J in a supercapacitor per day. An experimental evaluation was carried out to compare the performance of the proposed QC-based harvester with another similar harvester but with a solar absorber based on conventional black paint. As a result, the QC-based harvester achieved 28.6% more efficient energy generation and achieved full charge of a supercapacitor around two hours earlier. At last, a study on how much the harvested energy can supply power to a sensor node for Smart agriculture during a day while considering a trade-off between the maximum number of measurements and the maximum number of transmission per day is presented.
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Anisa Khoirul Umami and Dendy Kurniawan. "RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM MONITORING DAN CONTROLLING SUHU COOL BOX VAKSIN MENINGITIS MPSV4 BERBASIS IoT." Jurnal Informatika Dan Tekonologi Komputer (JITEK) 3, no. 3 (2023): 228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jitek.v3i3.2206.
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Meningitis is generally an infectious disease of the lining of the brain and spinal cord with manifestations of fever and stiff neck. Prevention efforts for meningitis include vaccination. Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4) is a type of quadrivalent meningitis vaccine recommended to control meningitis outbreaks. In storage, this vaccine uses a cold chain and cool box with a temperature between 2-8˚C. For vaccination activities, the vaccine is stored in a cool box with a cool pack provided to maintain temperature stability in the cool box. A cool pack itself is a rectangular plastic container that is filled with water and then cooled in a refrigerator at a temperature of 2-8°C for a minimum of 24 hours. From the existing problems, the author had the idea to create an IoT-based MPSV4 Meningitis Vaccine Cool Box Temperature Monitoring and Controlling System Design. The working system of this tool, namely TEC, will maintain the cool box temperature according to needs. If the dht11 detects that the temperature is too high then both TECs will turn on, whereas if the temperature is stable then one of the TECs will turn off. The temperature inside the cool box will be displayed on the LCD and also sent via the NodeMCU ESP8266 to the Firebase database which will then be displayed on the smartphone in real time.
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Yang, Han, Hai Ying Zhang, Zhi Qiang Li, and Hao Yang. "The Kitchen Vehicle Pressure Autocontrol System Based on SC-UWB Technology of Internet Things." Applied Mechanics and Materials 615 (August 2014): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.615.382.
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This research was carried out according to the actual needs of plateau kitchen vehicle. However, these military equipments have played important roles in the military exercises, earthquake relief, and other major activities, they does need urgent improvements in the using process. Among those problems to be solved, drift distortion of pressure cooker signal transmission on account of low temperature of high altitude, inability of achieving accurate control, and untimely feedback of service demand included. The pressure automatic control system of plateau kitchen vehicle which is based on Single Carrier Ultra Wide Band (UWB) wireless technology (SC-UWB), will completely solve the above problems, and the followings are innovations of this study: Firstly, Single-carrier ultra-wideband wireless transmission technology was used in this study, which was in accordance with Chinese Standard and based on chips produced by China. This would satisfy the needs of real-time transmission in pressure and temperature information under extreme environment, and solve technical problems such as signal integrity and communicational confidentiality, and this would also eliminate technical problems such as signal distortion, hysteresis, drift, high deviation repeatability of automatic control system of plateau kitchen vehicle in extreme environment. Secondly, intelligent sensor systems were connected to the Internet of things (IOT). To develop Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) according to the management system and daily use of this equipment and to lead the equipment to have node function of access to the Internet of things, would be the foundation of all kinds of beneficial exploration in the management of Internet of things, and also the guarantee of technology standard of Internet of things in military equipment of future. Then, the existing equipment can smoothly be switched in to avoid duplication of investment.
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Prof. Prashant Sharma. "AI-Based Water Usage Monitoring and Reduction in Hospital Operations." International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering Management & Applied Science 14, no. 5 (2025): 1125–31. https://doi.org/10.51583/ijltemas.2025.140500124.
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Abstract: Water is a critical yet often overlooked resource in the efficient operation of hospitals. Healthcare facilities consume vast quantities of water for sanitation, medical procedures, cooling systems, and landscape maintenance. Given increasing global water scarcity and the rising cost of utilities, optimizing water consumption has become a strategic imperative for sustainable hospital operations. This paper explores the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in monitoring, managing, and reducing water usage across three key areas: sanitation systems, HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) cooling processes, and hospital gardens. The study proposes a comprehensive AI-based framework that integrates real-time data collection through IoT-enabled sensors, predictive analytics, and machine learning algorithms to achieve water efficiency without compromising hygiene, safety, or environmental aesthetics. In the domain of sanitation, AI systems can identify peak usage patterns, detect leaks, and recommend optimized flush schedules and fixture upgrades to minimize water wastage. For instance, AI can predict toilet and sink usage trends in patient and staff areas to enable dynamic water allocation and maintenance scheduling. Furthermore, anomaly detection algorithms can alert facility managers to leaks or inefficiencies in plumbing infrastructure. In cooling systems, particularly those that rely on water-cooled chillers and evaporative cooling towers, AI can analyse weather conditions, hospital occupancy rates, and thermal load patterns to adjust water flow and reuse rates. Machine learning models trained on historical data can optimize operational cycles, thereby reducing both water and energy consumption. Additionally, AI can facilitate the integration of greywater reuse systems by predicting safe recycling cycles based on water quality metrics and system demands. Hospital gardens and green areas, while beneficial for patient recovery and employee wellbeing, often suffer from inefficient irrigation practices. AI-powered irrigation systems use satellite imagery, soil moisture sensors, and local weather forecasts to determine precise watering schedules and amounts. By shifting from time-based to need-based watering, hospitals can achieve substantial reductions in water usage while maintaining healthy landscapes. This paper includes a review of current AI technologies applicable to water management, a survey of case studies from hospitals that have implemented smart water systems, and a simulation model demonstrating potential water savings of up to 35% through integrated AI solutions. Challenges such as upfront costs, data integration, and staff training are also discussed, along with strategies to overcome them. In conclusion, leveraging AI for water usage monitoring and reduction in hospitals represents a promising convergence of healthcare, environmental stewardship, and smart technology. By adopting AI-driven approaches, hospitals can not only reduce operational costs but also contribute to broader sustainability goals, including compliance with national green building standards and global climate targets. Future research can further refine these technologies, incorporating advanced AI techniques such as deep learning and reinforcement learning for autonomous water management. The implementation of AI in hospital water management marks a critical step toward intelligent and sustainable healthcare infrastructure.
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Mosaddeque, Ananna, Mantaka Rowshon, Tamim Ahmed, Umma Twaha, and Binso Babu. "The Role of AI and Machine Learning in Fortifying Cybersecurity Systems in the US Healthcare Industry." Inverge Journal of Social Sciences 1, no. 2 (2022): 70–81. https://doi.org/10.63544/ijss.v1i2.101.
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The digital transformation of healthcare has brought about unprecedented advancements, but it has also introduced significant cybersecurity risks. Cyberattacks targeting sensitive patient data, employee information, and critical operational systems are on the rise, demanding innovative and robust security measures. Enter the powerful duo of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). These cutting-edge technologies offer a powerful arsenal against these cyber threats. AI algorithms can analyse massive datasets from various sources, such as network traffic, user behaviour, and medical device logs, to identify anomalies and detect malicious activity in real-time. This proactive approach allows security teams to swiftly respond to threats, minimizing the impact of cyberattacks and protecting patient safety. Furthermore, AI can leverage threat intelligence from diverse sources, including cybersecurity feeds, social media, and dark web forums, to proactively identify and mitigate emerging threats. This proactive approach empowers healthcare organizations to stay ahead of the curve, anticipating and neutralizing cyberattacks before they can cause significant damage. However, challenges remain. Implementing and maintaining AI/ML-based security solutions requires significant investment, both in terms of infrastructure and skilled personnel. Concerns surrounding data privacy and the potential for algorithmic bias also need careful consideration. Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of AI and ML in healthcare cybersecurity are undeniable. By embracing these technologies, healthcare organizations can enhance patient safety, improve operational efficiency, and build a more secure and resilient future in the face of evolving cyber threats. References Aarav, M., & Layla, R. (2019). Cybersecurity in the cloud era: Integrating AI, firewalls, and engineering for robust protection. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 3(4), 1892-1899. Abie, H. (2019, May). Cognitive cybersecurity for CPS-IoT enabled healthcare ecosystems. In 2019 13th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. Aitazaz, F. (2018). Fortifying technology: Computer science solutions for cyber-attacks and cloud security. Alabdulatif, A., Khalil, I., & Saidur Rahman, M. (2020). Security of blockchain and AI-empowered smart healthcare: Application-based analysis. Applied Sciences, 12(21), 11039. Alizai, S. H., Asif, M., & Rind, Z. K. (2021). Relevance of Motivational Theories and Firm Health. Management (IJM), 12(3), 1130-1137. Asif, M. (2021). Contingent Effect of Conflict Management towards Psychological Capital and Employees’ Engagement in Financial Sector of Islamabad. Preston University, Kohat, Islamabad Campus. Bellamkonda, S. (2020). Cybersecurity in critical infrastructure: Protecting the foundations of modern society. International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security, 12, 273-280. Bibi, P. (2020). AI-powered cybersecurity: Advanced database technologies for robust data protection. Chintala, S. (2020). Data privacy and security challenges in AI-driven healthcare systems in India. Journal of Data Acquisition and Processing, 37(5), 2769-2778. Chirra, D. R. (2021). Mitigating ransomware in healthcare: A cybersecurity framework for critical data protection. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 12(1), 495-513. Chirra, D. R. (2021). Secure edge computing for IoT systems: AI-powered strategies for data integrity and privacy. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 13(1), 485-507. Cooper, M. (2020). AI-driven early threat detection: Strengthening cybersecurity ecosystems with proactive cyber defense strategies. Elijah Roy, R. (2021). Harnessing AI and machine learning for enhanced security in cloud infrastructures. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technologies and Innovations, 1(3), 14-28. Fatima, S. (2020). Fortifying the future: Advanced cybersecurity tactics for cloud platforms and device security. Hussain, A. H., Hasan, M. N., Prince, N. U., Islam, M. M., Islam, S., & Hasan, S. K. (2021). Enhancing cyber security using quantum computing and artificial intelligence: A. Hussain, Z., & Khan, S. (2021). AI and cloud security synergies: Building resilient information and network security circulation ecosystems. IBRAHIM, A. (2019). AI armory: Empowering cybersecurity through machine learning. Jimmy, F. (2021). Emerging threats: The latest cybersecurity risks and the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing cybersecurity defenses. Valley International Journal Digital Library, 564-574. Kasula, B. Y. (2017). Machine learning unleashed: Innovations, applications, and impact across industries. International Transactions in Artificial Intelligence, 1(1), 1-7. Maddireddy, B. R., & Maddireddy, B. R. (2021). Enhancing endpoint security through machine learning and artificial intelligence applications. Revista Espanola de Documentacion Cientifica, 15(4), 154-164. Nimmagadda, V. S. P. (2021). Artificial intelligence and block chain integration for enhanced security in insurance: Techniques, models, and real-world applications. African Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Sustainable Development, 1(2), 187-224. Raza, H. (2021). Proactive cyber defense with AI: Enhancing risk assessment and threat detection in cybersecurity ecosystems. Reddy, A. R. P. (2021). The role of artificial intelligence in proactive cyber threat detection in cloud environments. Neuro Quantology, 19(12), 764-773. Shah, V. (2021). Machine learning algorithms for cybersecurity: Detecting and preventing threats. Revista Espanola de Documentacion Cientifica, 15(4), 42-66. Shukla, A. (2021). Leveraging AI and ML for advance cyber security. Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Cloud Computing. SRC/JAICC-154. DOI: doi.org/10.47363/JAICC/2021 (1), 142, 2-3. Waqas, M., Tu, S., Halim, Z., Rehman, S. U., Abbas, G., & Abbas, Z. H. (2020). The role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in wireless networks security: Principle, practice and challenges. Artificial Intelligence Review, 55(7), 5215-5261. Zygun, D. (2020). Cyber-attack resilience: Fortifying devices and cloud systems with computer science innovations.
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Siskandar, Ridwan, Sesar Husen Santosa, Wiyoto Wiyoto, Billi Rifa Kusumah, and Agung Prayudha Hidayat. "Control and Automation: Insmoaf (Integrated Smart Modern Agriculture and Fisheries) on The Greenhouse Model." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 27, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.27.1.141.
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A greenhouse is an agricultural management system that has shown the efficiency of food production. This system is an effective alternative to ensure maximum production results. Agriculture with greenhouse technology can create the desired environmental/climatic conditions. The rapid development of technology and science has led to the birth of communication between devices using IoT and AI. This technology can be applied to greenhouses in agriculture and fisheries. Research on greenhouse and microcontroller-based automation systems has been carried out, and it is interesting to be developed. Researchers make a more efficient system and can increase the quality and quantity of production. The measurement data of both modes are monitored using the web. The greenhouse prototype is supported by DHT22, DS18B20, a fan to control the greenhouse cooler, RFID as the key access to the greenhouse. DHT22 & DS18B20 sensor readings in the prototype greenhouse use an AI system with the fuzzy method. IoT and AI have been successfully implemented in models of rice fields, hydroponic farming, and fisheries using automatic modes of RTC devices and sensors. The fuzzy approach method is used to find the optimum temperature and humidity values. The fuzzy approach was successfully carried out until the temperature and humidity conditions were "ideal," "high," and "very high." This condition provides information to the microcontroller to activate which fan should turn on. In manual mode, the smartphone application controls the system properly.
 
 Keywords: artificial intelegent, control and automation, fuzzy logic, greenhouse, IoT
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Zola, Muhammad, Livio Cahyadi, and Ahmad Tossin Alamsyah. "COOLER BOX DENGAN THERMOELECTRIC COOLER DENGAN MONITORING SUHU BERBASIS LABVIEW DAN IOT." Jurnal Poli-Teknologi 17, no. 2 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32722/pt.v17i2.1304.
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ABSTRACTThe cooler box is used to keep food and beverage ingredients cool and fresh for a long time. The article presentation of the Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) using at Cooler Box as an environmentally friendly cooling system in the cooler box. TEC is installed side by side with heat sink and colling fan which is given a voltage of 12 Volts so that the TEC produces cold temperatures which are used as cooler cooler boxes. The temperature of the TEC cooling results in the cooler box is detected by the DS18B20 Sensor with the Arduino Uno microcontroller. The entire system on the ATMega328 TEC-based TEC with DS18B20 sensor can be connected and coordinated well.The minimum ATmega328 system works well as a data processor. DS18B20 can work according to its function of detecting temperature in the cooler box.Basically this tool is a cooler box that utilizes the TEC as a cooling system along with temperature measurement by the DS18B20 Sensor.Keywords: Cooler Box, TEC, Sensor DS18B20, Arduino Uno.ABSTRAKCooler box merupakan alat yang difungsikan untuk menjaga bahan makanan dan minuman agar tetap dingin dan segar dalam waktu yang lama. Penambahan sistem pendingin pada cooler box dapat dilakukan dengan memodifikasi bagian cooler box. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu memanfaatkan Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) sebagai sistem pendingin yang ramah lingkungan pada cooler box. TEC dipasang berdampingan dengan Heatsink dan Cooling Fan yang diberikan tegangan sebesar 12 Volt sehingga TEC menghasilkan suhu dingin yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pendingin cooler box. Suhu hasil pendinginan TEC pada cooler box dideteksi oleh Sensor DS18B20 dengan mikrokontroler Arduino Uno. Keseluruhan sistem pada TEC berbasis mikrokontroler ATMega328 dengan sensor DS18B20 dapat tersambung dan terkoordinasi dengan baik. Minimum sistem ATmega328 bekerja dengan baik sebagai pengolah data. DS18B20 dapat bekerja sesuai dengan fungsinya yaitu mendeteksi suhu dalam cooler box. Pada dasarnya alat ini adalah cooler box yang memanfaatkan TEC sebagai sistem pendingindisertai pengukuran suhu oleh Sensor DS18B20.Kata Kunci: Cooler Box, TEC, Sensor DS18B20, Arduino Uno.
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Swarnkar, Harshita, R. K. Pandey, Vodnala Veda Prakash, et al. "Performance Analysis of IoT-based Temperature Monitoring Box Type Solar Cooker: A Multi-objective Optimization Approach." Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering 18 (December 30, 2024). https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127976351079241209120103.
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Background: The idea behind the Internet of Things is to bring the virtual world into the physical one by connecting commonplace items. With the help of the Internet of Things (IoT), it is possible to remotely sense or control objects through preexisting network infrastructure. This opens up possibilities for computer-based systems to integrate with the physical world, which in turn improves efficiency, accuracy, and economic benefit while reducing the need for human intervention. Objective: The purpose of this patent study is to investigate how a (NSGA-II) multi-objective genetic algorithm might be utilized to optimize the execution of an Internet of Things (IoT) temperature monitoring Box-Type Solar Cooker (BTSC). To determine the best set of output parameters for an IoT temperature monitoring box-type solar cooker, (NSGA-II) multi-objective genetic algorithms are used to perform optimizations of the figure of merits (F2), cooking power, cooker efficiency, and final water temperature. Methods: The present research work involves the development of a Wi-Fi module system integrated with a smart temperature monitoring system for a BTSC. Keeping track of the temperature data from different locations in the BTSC through the IoT system was the primary objective of this project. A waterproof temperature sensor (DS18B20) was used to keep monitoring. After that, the data was shown on an LCD, stored on a microSD card, and made available through a smartphone. The Blynk Applications' IoT was employed. Using existing data, regression-based computational models are developed to describe the complex correlations between the decision-processing parameters and the input parameters of an IOT-based solar cooker. These models are applied in the objective functions after determining that a genetic algorithm is more appropriate for the problem. To forecast the optimal values about the figure of merits (F2), cooking power, cooker efficiency, and final water temperature, the Pareto fronts have been developed. Results: We compare the values of response variables that were gathered experimentally with the values that were predicted by NSGA-II. The predicted values are found to be quite close to experimental values. This indicates that the multi-objective optimization method, as used in this study, has very good prediction performance. The test results are graphically shown using the error bar. Therefore, it is clear that the optimization process used to adjust the parameters of the solar cooker's performance has been quite effective. According to the findings of the experiment, the temperature at which a cooking pot remained stagnant on average was 158°C. It was determined that the cooker was of class A based on the values of the first figure of merit (F1), the second figure of merit (F2), and the cooking power (P), which were respectively 0.132, 0.359, and 86.108 W. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the IoT-base temperature monitoring box type solar cooker is 39.99 %. Conclusion: The findings of this inquiry furthermore produced the outcome that the model provided can be applied conveniently with a confidence level of 95% to calculate the figure of merits (F2), cooking power, cooker efficiency, and final water temperature value of an Internet of Things-based temperature monitoring BTSC. The performance of IoT-based BTSC is optimized by providing real- time monitoring and data visualization, ultimately improving their efficiency and reliability. This research provides an educational tool to promote awareness and understanding of renewable energy sources and their potential benefits.