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Relevant bibliographies by topics / IRA : Northern Ireland troubles

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Academic literature on the topic 'IRA : Northern Ireland troubles'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "IRA : Northern Ireland troubles"

1

Günenç, Mesut. "Political violence and re-victimization in The Ferryman." Ars Aeterna 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 80–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aa-2021-0006.

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Abstract Jez Butterworth’s The Ferryman (2017) is a play about the Carney family living in 1980s Ireland during the period of insurgency of the Irish Republican Army (IRA – also known as the Provisional IRA) and its efforts to end British rule in Northern Ireland, a period known as “the Troubles”. This paper focuses on Jez Butterworth, one of the most distinctive voices of the contemporary British theatre scene and a typical representative of the 1990s cultural trend, and his tragedy The Ferryman, which portrays the struggle and conflicts between Catholic nationalists and Protestant loyalists in Northern Ireland in the last decades of the 20th century. The second major point of the study is that the power of the Irish Republican Party has a heavy impact on the play. The paper also discovers how Sean Carney and other members of his family both embody and apply the story of Eugene Simons and other members of “the Disappeared”. Like other young men, Seamus Carney became a victim during the Troubles and the campaign of political violence. The discovery of his body symbolizes how political violence created the Disappeared and shows that re-victimization and retraumatisation continue in the aftermath of the Troubles.

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Campbell, Sean. "‘Agitate, educate, organise’: partisanship, popular music and the Northern Ireland conflict." Popular Music 39, no. 2 (May 2020): 233–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143019000242.

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AbstractThis article explores popular-musical invocations of the Northern Ireland conflict (1968–1998), focussing specifically on the period between the IRA hunger strike of 1981 and the British Government's Broadcasting Act in 1988. Whilst most songs addressed to the ‘Troubles’ were marked by (lyrical) abstraction and (political) non-alignment, this period witnessed a series of efforts that issued upfront and partisan views. The article explores two such instances – by That Petrol Emotion and Easterhouse – addressing each band's respective views as well as the specific performance strategies that they deployed in staging their interventions. Drawing on original interviews that the author has conducted with the musicians – alongside extensive archival research of print and audio/visual media – the article explores the bands’ songs in conjunction with salient ancillary media (such as record sleeves, videos and interviews), yielding a more nuanced account of popular music's engagement with the ‘Troubles’ than has been offered in existing work (which often assumes the form of broad surveys).

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Lisle, Debbie. "Making safe: The dirty history of a bomb disposal robot." Security Dialogue 51, no. 2-3 (December 9, 2019): 174–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010619887849.

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In the Ulster Museum’s new gallery The Troubles and Beyond, the central display showcases a Wheelbarrow bomb disposal robot. This machine was invented by the British Army in Northern Ireland in 1972 and used by officers of the 321 Explosive Ordinance Disposal Squadron (321EOD) to defuse car bombs planted by the Irish Republican Army (IRA). This article offers an alternative history of that machine – a dirtier history – that critically assesses its role during the Troubles. Centrally, the article contests the British Army’s preferred account of this machine as a ‘game-changing’ technological innovation in counterinsurgency, and their understanding of themselves as benign peacekeepers. Rather than figure the Wheelbarrow robot as an unreadable ‘black box’ used instrumentally by the superior human operators of 321EOD, this article seeks to foreground the unruly transfers of agency between the machine and its operators as they tested and experimented in the exceptional colonial laboratory of Northern Ireland. The article further explores the machine’s failures during bomb disposal episodes, the collateral damage that resulted, and the multiple and often unruly reactions of local populations who watched the Wheelbarrow robot at work. Providing a ‘dirty history’ of the Wheelbarrow robot is an effort to demonstrate that war can never be fully cleaned up, either through militarized mythologies of technological innovation or hopeful museum displays.

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Ferguson, Neil, Eve Binks, Mícheál D. Roe, Jessica Nee Brown, Tiffany Adams, Sharon Mary Cruise, and Christopher Alan Lewis. "The IRA Apology of 2002 and forgiveness in Northern Ireland's troubles: A cross-national study of printed media." Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 13, no. 1 (March 2007): 93–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0094026.

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Cox, Michael. "Thinking ‘Globally’ about Peace in Northern Ireland." Politics 18, no. 1 (February 1998): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9256.00061.

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Though many in Britain and Northern Ireland remain highly sceptical about the longer term intentions of the Provisional IRA, it is clear that its ceasefire of August 1994 represented a major turning-point in Irish history. The nature of the IRA decision however remains shrouded in controversy – made all the more controversial of course by its resumption of military activities followed eighteen months later by the announcement of another ceasefire. This article seeks to throw light on the original IRA decision by exploring some of the international pressures which led the organization to take the decision it did in 1994. While in no way seeking to downplay the importance of ‘internal’ factors such as war weariness and the Anglo-Irish agreement, it is suggested here that the decision itself makes little sense unless it is situated within a wider global context. It is also implied that if analysts had been more sensitive to the influence of the ‘global’ upon the ‘local’ conflict in Northern Ireland, they may have been less surprised than they were by the IRA announcement.

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Girvin, Brian. "Anglo–Irish relations in the early Troubles, 1969–1972. By Daniel C. Williamson. Pp xii, 248. London: Bloomsbury, 2017. £85 hardback; £26.09 paperback. - The first Northern Ireland peace process: power-sharing, Sunningdale and the IRA ceasefires, 1972–76. By Thomas Hennessey. Pp ix, 260. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 2015. £74.99." Irish Historical Studies 42, no. 162 (November 2018): 389–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ihs.2018.58.

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Begg, Iain, and David Mayes. "Peripherality and Northern Ireland." National Institute Economic Review 150 (November 1994): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795019415000107.

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In writing recently about the economic problems that Northern Ireland faces (Begg and Mayes, 1994) we argued, uncontroversially, that an end to the ‘Troubles’ would significantly alter the region's prospects. Our analysis, nevertheless, focused on other factors which might be amenable to policy action. With an end to the Troubles in Northern Ireland now on the cards, these other characteristics of the Northern Ireland economy must be expected to be of increased importance in determining the Province's competitiveness compared with other parts of the UK and, indeed, other regions of the European Union. In particular, Northern Ireland is a prime example of a ‘peripheral’ economy, located as it is at the North-Western corner of the EU and facing the further barrier of a sea crossing to markets other than the Republic of Ireland. It is also a region that shares a number of the characteristics of the older industrial regions of Britain, such as high unemployment, persistent emigration of working-age population and difficulties in achieving industrial restructuring (Harris et al., 1990; Harris 1991).

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Lester, David. "The ‘Troubles’ in Northern Ireland and Suicide." Psychological Reports 90, no. 3 (June 2002): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.90.3.722.

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McNally, Damien. "Bereavement and the Troubles in Northern Ireland." Bereavement Care 30, no. 2 (July 2011): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02682621.2011.577999.

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Moore, Cormac. "Football unity during the Northern Ireland Troubles?" Soccer & Society 18, no. 5-6 (September 16, 2016): 663–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2016.1230341.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "IRA : Northern Ireland troubles"

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Smith, Michael Lawrence Rowan. "The role of the military instrument in Irish Republican strategic thinking." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1991. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-the-military-instrument-in-irish-republican-strategic-thinking(b3a1b023-f99c-46dd-b076-2076918ca4f3).html.

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Leahy, Thomas Daniel Melchizadek. "Informers, agents, the IRA and British counter-insurgency strategy during the Northern Ireland Troubles, 1969 to 1998." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/informers-agents-the-ira-and-british-counterinsurgency-strategy-during-the-northern-ireland-troubles-1969-to-1998(543410f7-1db8-4663-beed-c89104c4e7dc).html.

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This thesis investigates the impact of informers and agents upon Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) military strategy, and British counter-insurgency strategy in Northern Ireland between 1969 and 1998. The importance of this topic was highlighted by revelations in 2003 and 2005 concerning two senior republicans who had both been working for British intelligence for decades. The uncovering of these two senior spies created intense debate within the media and Irish republican community as to whether the IRA ended its military campaign largely because of significant infiltration. Yet, surprisingly, there has been no dedicated academic study of the impact of informers and agents upon the IRA. A few academics have briefly considered this topic in recent monographs and journal articles. Whilst acknowledging other important factors, they argue that intelligence successes against the IRA played a crucial role in influencing that organization to end its military campaign in 1998. This first in-depth study of the influence of informers and agents on IRA and British strategies during the Troubles cross-references new extensive interview material alongside memoirs from various Troubles participants. Its central argument is that the elusive nature of many rural IRA units, its cellular structure in Belfast, and the isolation of the IRA leadership prevented the organization from being damaged to any considerable extent by spies. In fact, the IRA’s resilience was a key factor encouraging the British government to try to include republicans in political settlements in 1972, 1975 and the 1990s. The IRA’s military strength also points towards the prominence of political factors in persuading republicans to call a ceasefire by 1994. The role of spies in Northern Ireland and the circumstances in which the state permitted negotiations with the IRA are key considerations for those interested in other small-scale conflicts.

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Larsson, Anna. "IRA och de grundläggande förmågorna." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-1669.

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Svensk doktrin framhåller sex grundläggande förmågor för analys av motståndaren. Dessa är ledning, uthållighet, und/info, rörlighet, verkan och skydd. Förmågorna är en tankemodell avsedd för att nå maximal effekt i sitt agerande. De är ständigt närvarande på stridsfältet, de påverkas av varandra och deras betydelse varierar över tid. Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa IRA utveckling mellan 1968-1974 utifrån de sex grundläggande förmågorna. Resultatet visar att IRA utveckling under tiden för studien främst skedde inom förmågan verkan, andra förmågor som ledning och und/info tog längre tid att utveckla. En orsak till detta kan vara att studien omfattar inledningen av konflikten och IRA utveckling mot att bli en icke-statlig väpnad aktör.
The Swedish military doctrine stresses six basic capabilities for analysing the opponent. These six capabilities are defined as command, endurance, intelligence and information, mobility, effect and defence. It is a given model designed to gain maximum effect through action and the capabilities are always present in the battlefield. They affect one another and their importance varies over time. The aim of this essay is to highlight the IRA progress during 1968-74 from the capability perspective. The study shows a significant increase in IRA’s ability to use arms and in the area of bomb strategy development. The progress concerning the other five capabilities’ turned out to be of lesser significance. A reason for this could be that the study focuses on the very beginning of the troubles and the IRA’s growth into becoming a non-state armed actor.

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London, William H. "Politics and Paint: Murals, Memory, and Archives in Northern Ireland, 1968-1998." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1469988055.

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Earles, Jennifer. "Gender Trouble In Northern Ireland: An Examination Of Gender And Bodies Within The 1970s And 1980s Provisional Irish Republican Army In Northern Ireland." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002849.

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6

Lynch, Robert John. "The Northern IRA and the early years of partition 1920-22." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1517.

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The years i 920-22 constituted a period of unprecedented conflct and political change in Ireland. It began with the onset of the most brutal phase of the War ofIndependence and culminated in the effective miltary defeat of the Republican IRA in the Civil War. Occurring alongside these dramatic changes in the south and west of Ireland was a far more fundamental conflict in the north-east; a period of brutal sectarian violence which marked the early years of partition and the establishment of Northern Ireland. Almost uniquely the IRA in the six counties were involved in every one of these conflcts and yet it can be argued was on the fringes of all of them. The period i 920-22 saw the evolution of the organisation from a peripheral curiosity during the War of independence to an idealistic symbol for those wishing to resolve the fundamental divisions within the Sinn Fein movement which developed in the first six months of i 922. The story of the Northern IRA's collapse in the autumn of that year demonstrated dramatically the true nature of the organisation and how it was their relationship to the various protagonists in these conflcts, rather than their unceasing but fruitless war against partition, that defined its contribution to the Irish revolution.

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Cordner, Anthea Elizabeth. "Writing the troubles : gender and trauma in Northern Ireland." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3437.

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This thesis argues that the interaction of gender and trauma theories within the fictional prose writing of five women authors from Northern Ireland whose work spans throughout the mid-twentieth century until the present day, suggests a crisis of individual and collective identity during the traumatic decades of the Troubles. This necessitates a re-engagement with literary tropes and historical representations of the emerging sense of Northern Ireland as a six counties nation. The first chapter considers how trauma theories have been defined and developed and assesses their value for readings of Northern Irish literature. This provides the critical framework used in the subsequent chapters to enable close readings of the novels and short stories. Mary Beckett’s narratives highlight the continuing trauma of Northern Ireland’s inception, the Second World War and Internment, while giving voice to the strong women who fought against traumas and traditions in hope of a positive future. Linda Anderson engages with 1980s feminism, while depicting the Troubles alongside Cold War politics, anti-nuclear war protests and the Civil Rights Movement to expand upon the impact of war on female identity. Deirdre Madden and Jennifer Johnston recreate Irish Gothic Big House literature, utilising their tropes and images to explore the traumatic fracturing of history and identity on individual and collective levels. Anna Burns enables a post-traumatic engagement with the Troubles by moving retrospectively through thirty years of violence using absurdity, carnivalesque and fantastical imagery to explore the unknowability at the centre of trauma. All five writers acknowledge the impact of trauma on a sense of self that becomes divided between the pre- and post- trauma time, and suggest that the liminal spaces created by trauma may allow for readings of history and identity beyond the confines of patriarchy, nationalism and colonialism.

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Bowlin, Mark L. "British Intelligence and the IRA : the secret war in Northern Ireland, 1969-1988 /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA358989.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1998.
"September 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Maria Rasmussen, Terry Johnson. Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-164). Also available online.

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Bowlin, Mark L. "British Intelligence and the IRA: the secret war in Northern Ireland, 1969-1988." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8036.

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Irwin, Noel George. "When Christians fight : ecumenical theologies and the 'Troubles' in Northern Ireland." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14966/.

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In this thesis I first of all outline the nature of the conflict in Northern Ireland. Against the prevalent academic consensus that the conflict is an ethnic one, I argue that it is a religious conflict with features of ethnicity and colonialism. I then assess the behaviour of the state, both under the Unionist government at Stormont and then under Direct Rule from Westminster. Pre-1972 I look at the question of discrimination against the Roman Catholic minority community. I argue that this was 'institutionalised partiality'. In the era of the 'Troubles' I provide continuity by seeing through the issue of 'fair employment' and also focus on the British Government's response to the violence in terms of abuses of human rights. My view is that political theology in Northern Ireland has never engaged critically with all the material presented in these chapters. After establishing that religion is the central motif of the 'Troubles', whose political manifestation is the parameters and behaviour of a particular state, I examine the broad sweep of the role the Churches played as they responded to the outbreak of inter-communal violence in 1968. I concentrate on the missed opportunity of the Violence Report of 1974 and what I term the 'ecumenical paradox' of the Churches reaction to the 'Troubles'. I then examine three representative theological reflections on the situation. One advocates a theological response to the 'Troubles' of reconciliation, one of citizenship and one of justice. After examining the evidence I offer a theology of justice, or liberation, which needed to be added to the dominant theological paradigm of reconciliation to provide a cogent response to the 'Troubles'. I give the example of the role of prisoners as a model from which the Churches could learn from.

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Books on the topic "IRA : Northern Ireland troubles"

1

Allen, Tony. The troubles in Northern Ireland. Oxford: Heinemann Library, 2004.

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Tony, Allan. The troubles in Northern Ireland. Chicago: Heinemann Library, 2004.

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3

Northern Ireland and England: The troubles. Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2005.

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Peter, Rose. How the Troubles came to Northern Ireland. Houndmills, Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave in association with [the] Institute of Contemporary British History, 2000.

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Rose, Peter. How the Troubles Came to Northern Ireland. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230288676.

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Kelley, Kevin. The longest war: Northern Ireland and the IRA. London: Zed, 1988.

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Kelley, Kevin. The longest war: Northern Ireland and the IRA. Westport, Conn: L. Hill, 1988.

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8

The Northern Ireland peace process: Ending the troubles? New York: Palgrave, 2001.

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The Northern Ireland troubles: Operation Banner, 1969-2007. Oxford, UK: Osprey Pub., 2011.

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The Northern Ireland peace process: Ending the troubles? Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "IRA : Northern Ireland troubles"

1

de Búrca, Aoibhín. "Northern Ireland and the Provisional IRA." In Preventing Political Violence Against Civilians, 46–91. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137433800_3.

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Potter, Jeremy. "The Troubles in Northern Ireland." In Independent Television in Britain, 199–213. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09907-8_11.

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Waddington, David. "The ‘Troubles’ in Northern Ireland." In Contemporary Issues in Public Disorder, 140–59. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190981-7.

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Hennessey, Thomas. "British-IRA Talks 1975–76." In The First Northern Ireland Peace Process, 188–233. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-27717-6_7.

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McGrattan, Cillian. "Turning Points in the Troubles, 1968–71." In Northern Ireland 1968–2008, 34–57. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230277045_3.

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Beacháin, Donnacha Ó. "The Troubles: The Northern Ireland Conflict." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11795-5_50-1.

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Darby, John. "Northern Ireland: Beyond the Time of Troubles." In The Accommodation of Cultural Diversity, 127–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403915931_6.

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Lelourec, Lesley. "Responding to the IRA bombing campaign in mainland Britain." In The Northern Ireland Troubles in Britain. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7765/9781526108494.00030.

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Mulqueen, John. "‘Communists’, the IRA and the Northern Ireland Crisis." In 'An Alien Ideology', 47–74. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620641.003.0003.

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At the beginning of the 1960s, the Soviet Union decided to support national liberation movements to undermine the US and its allies worldwide. Concurrently, the IRA leadership began to emphasise socialism and co-operate with communists in various agitations – the most significant would be the Northern Ireland civil rights movement. This chapter discusses perceptions of the republican movement’s ‘new departure’. William Craig, the Northern Ireland minister of home affairs, contended that the communist-influenced IRA aimed to manipulate the civil rights issue as a prelude to another armed campaign. In 1969 Northern Ireland’s prime minister, Major James Chichester-Clark, warned that some civil rights protesters aimed to create an ‘Irish Cuba’. The civil rights campaign inadvertently worsened sectarian tensions in Northern Ireland, leading to the outbreak of the Troubles.

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Lelourec, Lesley. "Responding to the IRA bombing campaign in mainland Britain: the case of Warrington." In The Northern Ireland Troubles in Britain. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719096310.003.0019.

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On Saturday 20th March, 1993, 2 IRA bombs exploded in the centre of Warrington, claiming 2 young lives, those of 3 year old Johnathan Ball and 12 year old Tim Parry, and wounding more than 50 others. The attack left the local community shocked and appalled, and provoked a wave of indignation and sympathy nationally, across the water in Ireland, and worldwide. The victims’ families and members of the local community strove to come to terms with the tragedy by finding ways to foster closer links between Britain and Ireland, and in the hope of preventing further acts of violence and hatred. Several community groups undertook initiatives, initially under the umbrella of W.I.R.E (Warrington Ireland Reconciliation Enterprise). Among the prominent participants were Colin and Wendy Parry, who have spearheaded a lasting response to the bombing. Based mainly on interviews with the main protagonists in Warrington and drawing on local and Republican newspaper archives, this chapter sets out to place the 1993 Warrington bombing in the context of the IRA’s bombing campaign in England and the tentative peace process. It will show how such a constructive civic response impacted on Anglo-Irish relations, adding new impetus to the 1990s peace process.

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