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Journal articles on the topic 'Iranian languagеs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Napolskikh, Vladimir. "Ethnonymic Traces of Sarmato-Alanic and Finno-Ugric Relations in Eastern Europe in Late Antique and Early Middle Ages." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 31, no. 1 (2025): 42–57. https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-20252929.

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Abstract Long and intensive ancient contacts between Iranians and Finno-Ugrians in Eastern Europe resulted, amongst other things, in the formation of many Finn-Ugric ethnic names. The main ones are reconsidered in the article with special attention to the Iranian source and time of borrowing. These are: the Russian name of Erzyans and Mokshans, Mordva, which has finally its origin in the name of Iranian group *må̄rdi ‘murderer, robber’, was probably brought from Central Asia by the creators of Andreevo-Piseral kurgan cemeteries of the first centuries AD from the right bank of the Middle Volga;

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Iliadi, Alexander I. "FRAGMENTS OF SLAVONIC-IRANIAN MYTHOPOETIC TEXT: SYNTACTIC CONSTRUCTIONS WITH *svęt- : *śṷanta-". Мова, № 41 (28 травня 2024): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-4558.2024.41.311211.

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The paper aims to reconstruct the common elements of the Slavonic and Iranian mythopoetic text, referring to the idea of the sanctity and sacred. The need to reconstruct the elements of this phenomenon of the communicative culture history makes out topicality of the proposed study. The objects of the investigation are: 1) set phrases, which in Iranian and Slavonic consist of the genetically identical lexemes; 2) Slavonic and Iranian set phrases, in which the only term is genetically common for both languages (*svętъ : *śṷanta-), while the second part here is represented by the synonyms with th

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САТЦАЕВ, Э. Б. "OSSETIAN-BALOCH ISOGLOSSES." Известия СОИГСИ, no. 41(80) (September 27, 2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2021.80.41.005.

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Иранские языки и диалекты распространены на огромной территории. Наиболее южным из иранских языков является белуджский. На крайнем северо-западе ираноязычного массива распространен осетинский, который доходит до 44° северной широты. Диалектная классификация современных иранских языков основана на их истории. Дифференциация между иранскими диалектами произошла в древнеиранскую языковую эпоху. Сейчас современные иранские языки делятся на две основные языковые группы: западноиранские и восточноиранские. Политический статус иранских языков разный. Большинство иранских языков бесписьменные и в офиц

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4

Salmani, Nodoushan Mohammad Ali. "Language colonization or lingua franca? Demystifying the status quo of Persian." International Journal of Language Studies 18, no. 2 (2024): 63–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10468010.

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Persian, the lingua franca of Iran, is spoken as a mother tongue by all monolingual or polyglot Iranian citizens who belong to a rich variety of pedigree-Iranian ethnic populations, including Gilak, Mazandarani, Baloch, Azerbaijani, Turkmen, Qashqai, Assyrian, Armenian, Lur, Talysh, Tat, and so on. There are random political dissidents who desperately desire to sell their myth that Persian has long been a ‘colonizing’ force, but the vast majority of Iranians earnestly argue that Persian has never been a ‘colonizing’ language; it has always been a lingua franca or a lang

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Alekseev, Konstantin Aleksandrovich. "To the question of origin of Indo-Iranians and Tocharians in light of the newest genetic data." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 12 (December 2020): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2020.12.34080.

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The subject of this research is the ethnogenesis of Indo-Iranian and Tocharian groups of Indo-European language family. The author analyzes the data on genetic composition of the population of Gandhara grave culture, which is an undisputable archeological evidence of expansion of Indo-Iranians into the Indus Valley, i.e. the place of dwelling of the speakers of Indo-Iranian languages that will be subsequently recorded in the written sources. The results of analysis are compared to the data acquired on the ancient population of the Tarim Basin in Eastern Turkestan, which supposedly is proto-Toc

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Gholami, Saloumeh. "Endangered Iranian Languages: Language Contact and Language Islands in Iran." Iranian Studies 53, no. 3-4 (2020): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2020.1721997.

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7

Jahani, Carina. "The Balochi Language and Languages in Iranian Balochistan." Journal of the Middle East and Africa 4, no. 2 (2013): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21520844.2013.831333.

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8

Vydrin, Arsenij. "Ossetic verbal paradigms in a cross-linguistic perspective." Voprosy Jazykoznanija, no. 2 (2023): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/0373-658x.2023.2.89-113.

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The article discusses Ossetic verbal paradigms. Ossetic data is compared with the data of other New Iranian languages (both East and West Iranian). The study is based on the synchronic approach. Ossetic verb has a number of features atypical of other New Iranian languages — in particular, morphological Future, Impersonal, morphological transitivity, and special forms for the third person Imperative. The person-number endings play a key role in the formation of the tense and mood forms in Ossetic. On the contrary, in other New Iranian languages, verbal roots or special affixes perform the main

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Karamian, Gholamreza, and Katarzyna Maksymiuk. "Comparison and some similarities between Polish language and Iranian languages (case study of Old Persian, Pahlav, Middle Persian and Lori language)." Historia i Świat, no. 8 (August 29, 2019): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34739/his.2019.08.16.

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In general the Slavic languages has a lot in common with old Iranian languages. As Polish language and some Iranian languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family. The similarity between two languages seems to be possible. This brief note could give new insight in Indo European cultural relations.

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10

Namazi, Mahchid. "Cultural and Linguistic Considerations: The Case of Persian." Perspectives on Communication Disorders and Sciences in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CLD) Populations 21, no. 3 (2014): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/cds21.3.88.

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The purpose of this paper is to introduce the reader to the Persian language of Iran while embedding it in the larger context of Persian culture and Iranian-Americans. It will provide the practicing speech-language pathologist's (SLPs) basic information about the linguistic structure of Persian, as spoken by Iranian-Americans to facilitate the provision of a culturally and linguistically appropriate evaluation of Persian heritage language speakers living in the United States. According to the language use data collected by the United States Census Bureau of the 67 Indo-European languages spoke

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11

Wang, Yongliang, and Ali Derakhshan. "Teacher Confirmation and Caring as Predictors of Chinese and Iranian EFL Students’ Willingness to Attend EFL Classes." Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras, no. 39 (January 31, 2023): 165–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/portalin.vi39.23625.

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This mixed-methods cross-cultural study examined the role of instructor confirmation and care in EFL students’ willingness to attend classes (WTAC). For the quantitative phase, 1006 and 605 EFL university students were chosen respectively from Chinese and Iranian universities, and for the qualitative phase, sub-groups of 43 Chinese and 34 Iranian participants were selected. Three close-ended scales and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Results of confirmatory factor analysis approved the factor structure and validity of the three scales. Results of correlation and Structura

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Shahghasemi, Ehsan, D. Ray Heisey, and Goudarz Mirani. "How do Iranians and U.S. Citizens Perceive Each Other: A systematic Review." Journal of Intercultural Communication 11, no. 3 (2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v11i3.539.

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Whenever we turn our TV news channel on, we are likely to hear about an Iran-U.S. conflict. Images of the leaders of these two countries intimidating each other can be seen in news channels all over the world. When we are talking about Iran-U.S. international relations, most people think of the political relations which this study takes as intergovernmental rather than international relations. In this study, as we are Iranian and U.S. scholars, we tried a systematic review of studies focusing on perceptions the Iranian and American people have of each other. Our systematic review of studies re

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13

Gladkova, E. L. "Schools of Indian and Iranian languages." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 5(38) (October 28, 2014): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-5-38-260-263.

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Teaching Indian and Iranian and African languages is carried out at MGIMO since 1954. Today the Department of Indo-Iranian and African languages does the teaching of languages Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Persian, Dari, Pashto, Tajik, Amharic, Swahili.

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14

V.B., IVANOV. "TURNING POINTS IN THE HISTORY OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE." Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University 489, no. 7 (2024): 121–28. https://doi.org/10.47475/1994-2796-2024-489-7-121-128.

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Previously, it was believed that after the common Iranian state, the languages were divided into Western and eastern. The works of A. Korn (2016 and 2019) show that the existence of a common Eastern Iranian language is not confirmed by isoglosses. Therefore, she introduces the concept of ^Central Iranian languages“ and refers to them the idioms previously assumed by Northwestern and Eastern Iranian. It also invalidates the division of the Eastern Iranian languages into northern and southern ones. The annotated article describes a number of Iranian languages according to the new hypothesis. Dur

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15

Elhami, Ali. "A Socio-pragmatic Perspective of Spanish and Persian Greeting." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 9 (2020): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1009.01.

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Due to an increasing number of migration of Iranians to Spain and language and cultural problems they might face in the new society, a model of socio-pragmatic contrastive analysis was used with the intention of comparing the Spanish and Persian verbal and nonverbal greeting forms with the aim of helping Iranian immigrant in Spain for having a better understanding of cultural differences in greeting forms. In this study, the naturalistic context was used for both Spanish and Persian forms of greeting. This study shows two Spanish and two Persian patterns for greetings to show the differences a

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16

Taleghani, Azita H. "The Iranian Languages." Iranian Studies 45, no. 4 (2012): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2012.673835.

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Shojaei, Mahrokh. "Endangered Iranian Languages." Iranian Studies 53, no. 3-4 (2020): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2020.1734905.

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18

Avchyan, Hakob. "Enclitic Pronouns In The Anbarāni Dialect Of Talyshi." BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES, no. 1 (July 22, 2022): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52837/27382702-2022.1-129.

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Enclitic pronouns are used in most of New West Iranian languages. They are mainly used for marking the possessor, as well as objects, besides, those Iranian languages and dialects, which show ergative patterns, make use of enclitic pronouns for marking the agent in ergative constructions. This paper deals with the enclitic pronouns and their functions in Anbarāni, one of the Northern Talyshi dialects, spoken in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Where it is possible the features of Anbarāni enclitics will be compared with some other West Iranian languages.

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19

Восканян, Вардан, та Артем Тоноян. "ЭТЮДЫ ПО ТАЛЫШСКОЙ И КАВКАЗСКО-ПЕРСИДСКОЙ (ТАТСКОЙ) ЛЕКСИКЕ". Journal of Oriental Studies 26, № 2 (2025): 78–85. https://doi.org/10.46991/jos.2024.26.2.078.

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The article, presented in the form of études, examines and analyzes certain lexical forms from Northern Talyshi and Caucasian Persian (Tati)—two Iranian languages spoken in the Eastern Transcaucasia. These languages have a history of continious and close contact with non-Iranian languages, including Indo-European and Caucasian languages of the region. This makes them particularly significant for the study of language contact in general and areal linguistic phenomena in particular.

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20

Mohammadirad, Masoud. "Predicative possession across Western Iranian languages." Folia Linguistica 54, no. 3 (2020): 497–526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flin-2020-2038.

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Abstract This paper offers a first systematic investigation of predicative possessive constructions across Western Iranian languages. The notion of possession is conceived as a prototypical domain. It is shown that investigated languages are classified into two major areally distributed groups with respect to predicative possessive constructions: (i) “be”-verb languages, (ii) “have”-verb languages. “Have”-possessives, which originated from “action schema”, are argued to have superseded the archaic “be”-possessives, which trigger a non-canonical marking of the possessor argument. However, “have

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21

Bahadirovich, Mahmudov Raufjon. "ANALYSIS OF IRANIAN WORDS IN THE HISTORICAL WORKS OF АGAHI". CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 03, № 12 (2022): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-03-12-06.

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22

Mohammadirad, Masoud, and Pollet Samvelian. "Procliticization as a residual of second positioning: evidence from West Iranian languages." Folia Linguistica 55, s42-s2 (2021): 291–338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flin-2021-2024.

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Abstract Person clitics show proclitic attachment in some West Iranian languages. Nevertheless, most of the literature has continued to focus on enclitics. This paper provides evidence that a good number of modern languages have developed proclitics, presumably from the middle Iranian period onward. Using synchronic data from modern languages gathered in the field, and contrasting it with the Middle Iranian period and current clausal second-position clitic systems, we develop some hypotheses regarding the rise of proclitics in modern languages. We argue that proclitic attachment has resulted f

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23

Cathcart, Chundra Aroor. "Degrees of Irregular Change." Language Dynamics and Change 5, no. 2 (2015): 282–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00501006.

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This paper employs a quantitative model of irregular sound change to investigate whether West Iranian languages have developed formally similar functional items via parallelism or via contact. I analyze etymologically related functional items in two Middle and eight New West Iranian languages, comparing observed forms to expected outcomes of these forms on the basis of purely regular sound change. A quantitative model is used to measure the distance between the observed and expected forms across West Iranian, particularly with respect to New Persian. I find that, while most New West Iranian la

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Ivanov, Vladimir B., and Liubov G. Silanteva. "Research on word stress in Iranian languages by Soviet and Russian scholars." Russian Journal of Linguistics 27, no. 2 (2023): 392–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-31015.

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In recent years, considerable material has been accumulated in the field of experimental studies of Iranian languages, including the works by Soviet and Russian scholars, enabling us to make new generalizations regarding the acoustic characteristics of word stress as part of the problem of speech recognition. The study of Iranian languages has been rather uneven: most of the acoustic studies focused on Persian, and only a few covered other 11 languages described in this article. In addition, most of these studies have been published in Russian and therefore remain unknown to the wide internati

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Zakeri, Dina, and Fazlollah Samimi. "A Cross-Linguistic Study on the Reflection of Metadiscourse Markers in the Acknowledgements of the Iranian and Native English Dissertations." Language Teaching Research Quarterly 26 (December 2021): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.26.04.

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The acknowledgement section in a thesis or dissertation expresses gratitude for the people who have helped the author in the process of conducting the research and writing the paper. The study sought to explore the extent to which metadiscourse markers have been employed in the dissertation acknowledgements. Excluding the rhetorical moves, emotional tones and cultural backgrounds, the research has primarily contrasted dissertation acknowledgements written by Iranian EFL doctoral graduates and English native speakers at an identical level. Hyland’s metadiscourse model features and his four-tier

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Napolskikh, Vladimir V., and Olesya D. Surikova. "Revisiting the Etymology of the Ethnonym Mordva." Вопросы Ономастики 21, no. 3 (2024): 9–40. https://doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2024.21.3.029.

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The Russian term for the Erzya and Moksha Peoples, Mordva, attested since the 12th century, is an exoethnonym with no roots in the Mordvinic languages. The common theory that it was formed with the Russian collective suffix -va is inaccurate, as this suffix, in combination with nominal stems, likely did not exist in Old Russian. A grammatical analysis of the Russian term Mordva suggests that it developed within a noun-declension paradigm ending in -ū, originating from the ethnotoponym mordy. Early attestations, such as the toponym Μορδία in Constantine Porphyrogenitus’s writings (10th century)

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Mohammadirad, Masoud, and Mohammad Rasekh-Mahand. "Functions of the dative: An Iranian perspective." STUF - Language Typology and Universals 71, no. 4 (2018): 539–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2018-0021.

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Abstract In this paper, we give an account of dative functions in a number of Iranian languages from a typological perspective. To analyze the functionality of dative markers in the selected languages, we follow a semantic map approach and take Haspelmath’s map of dative functions as a typological grid to examine our data. We collected our data from descriptive grammars and, for Ossetic and Wakhi, from interviews. The data show that five additional connections should be added to the semantic map of dative functions; these connections are confirmed by data from at least three languages within t

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Edelman, Joy. "The designations of heavenly bodies in the minority Iranian languages of the Pamir-Hindu Kush area." Rodnoy Yazyk. Linguistic journal, no. 1 (June 2023): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2313-5816-2023-1-31-43.

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The names of celestial bodies in the languages of the Pamir-Hindu Kush area are etymologically heterogeneous. The differences are not accidental: they are evidence of social and cultural phenomena and processes in the history of the peoples inhabiting the area. The present article examines some of the history of this areal lexical group. The article identifies etymologically different designations for the Sun that stem from the worldview traditions of the local population. These date back to ancient times, when the Sun was believed to be both a celestial body and a supreme deity. The Proto-Ira

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Ghaffari, Soudeh. "From religious performances to martial themes." Politics of Sound 18, no. 4 (2019): 617–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.18059.gha.

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Abstract This paper deconstructs how religious musical eulogies, as the most important discursive practices of Shi’a rituals (Ghaffari 2019), were used as “war songs” serving to construct the Iranian national identity during the 1980–1988 Iraq-Iran war. These musical practices (in)formed the wider ideological and persuasive rhetoric of Iranians. In this paper, I analyse the textual and musical features of the audio-recorded versions of ten well-known war songs. The Discourse-Historical Approach (Reisigl and Wodak 2016) is used to analyse the discursive strategies and persuasive rhetorical tool

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Korn, Agnes. "A partial tree of Central Iranian." Indogermanische Forschungen 121, no. 1 (2016): 401–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/if-2016-0021.

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Abstract Relations within the Iranian branch of Indo-European have traditionally been modelled by a tree that is essentially composed of binary splits into sub- and sub-subbranches. The first part of this article will argue against this tree and show that it is rendered outdated by new data that have come to light from contemporary and ancient languages. The tree was also methodologically problematic from the outset, both for reasons of the isoglosses on which it is based, and for not taking into account distinctions such as shared innovations vs. shared archaisms. The second part of the paper

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31

Korn, Agnes. "Isoglosses and subdivisions of Iranian." Journal of Historical Linguistics 9, no. 2 (2019): 239–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhl.17010.kor.

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Abstract The aim of this paper is to look at some of the problems with the traditional subdivisions of Iranian and at possible new approaches. It builds on an argument made in Korn (2016a), adding discussion and further illustrating problems in the data and methods involved in the traditional model of relations among the Iranian languages. It specifically points out that the traditional family tree is based on a set of isoglosses that is an artefact of the data that happened to be available at the time. In addition, the question arises whether the wave model or the concept of linguistic areas

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TREMBLAY, XAVIER. "Irano-Tocharica et Tocharo-Iranica." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 68, no. 3 (2005): 421–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x05000248.

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This paper attempts a periodization and dialectal attribution of Iranian loan words found in Tocharian A and B, two Indo-European languages attested in c. 10,000 fragments unearthed in Chinese Turkestan since 1892. More than 100 loan words are scritinized and classified in eight sections, according to their origin: Old Iranian (probably issued from the common ancestry of the ‘Sakan’ languages, Khotanese, Tumshuqese and Waxi), three different stages of Khotanese, ‘Śaka’, (the language of the Iranian invaders of northern India), Parthian, Bactrian and Sogdian. Tocharians had dealings with all ne

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Mohammadirad, Masoud, and Mohammad Rasekh-Mahand. "Instrumental semantic map in Western Iranian languages." STUF - Language Typology and Universals 70, no. 4 (2017): 579–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2017-0025.

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Abstract This paper aims to study instrumental related functions in some Western Iranian languages. The data were collected from descriptive grammars, and interviews in some cases. Narrog’s instrumental semantic map is the basis for analyzing polysemy patterns in these languages. The data show that two main polysemy patterns are attested: (1) Instrumental and companion functions are coded alike. (2) They are coded differently. These two patterns are distributed areally. Furthermore, some languages are shifting/have shifted between these two types mainly as a result of contact-induced matters.

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Seifi, Pouran. "Importance of Education in Mother Language for Iranian Bilingual Students." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 1, no. 8 (2014): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.18.721.

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Mohammed, Khalid Mahmood. "Degree of Lexical Similarity between English and Kurdish." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 10 (2022): 4476–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7740245.

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Indo-European languages are the native languages of the habitants of south and west Eurasia. It is the largest spoken language family in the world with 3.5 billion speakers, corresponding to 46% of the world population. Kurdish and English are genetically related, belong to the same family branch of languages, and are believed to have evolved from a common proto-language. Lexical Similarity measures the similarity and/or difference between a set of words from any given two languages. Despite the abundance of lexical similarity coefficients between various world languages in the literature, the

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Huseynova, Gulsum. "Possessive category in Iranian languages." Philology and Art Studies, no. 01 (2025): 157. https://doi.org/10.59849/2663-4368.2025.1.157.

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Shapira, Dan. "Īrān-o Tūran: On Iranian (and Quasi-Iranian) in the Ruhnama." Iran and the Caucasus 14, no. 2 (2010): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338410x12743419190188.

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AbstractAfter the disintegration of the Soviet Union, political élites of some of the former Soviet republics, especially the Turkic-speaking ones, found themselves in ideological limbo. The first President of Turkmenistan, Saparmurat Niyazov (Saparmyrat Nyýazow), has trodden his way out from the vacuum of legitimacy in the most original and interesting manner. In 2001, Niyazov, known also as Turkmenbashi (Türkmenbaşy), made public his book, Ruhnama, which later has been translated into about fifty languages. The book, appealing to the Oğuz Turkic heritage of the Turkmen nation, to her remote

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Azadi, Roya, and Alireza Valipour. "Effect of Persian Prosodic Units and Intonation Patterns on Intonation Pattern No. 7 in Iranian Students of Russian." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences 2024, no. 1 (2024): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2024-8-1-49-56.

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Iranian students of Russian often experience problems with phonetics and pronunciation that hinder their listening comprehension. Pronunciation mistakes and native-language interference are the main problems Iranian students have to face while studying Russian. No textbooks in Iran introduce a comparative analysis of Russian and Persian phonetic systems. This research was an attempt to compare the intonation systems of both languages in order to help Iranian students to master Intonation Pattern No.7 and develop their communication skills in the Russian language. Oral speech of 17 Iranian stud

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Alemi, Minoo, Niayesh Pazoki Moakhar, and Atefeh Rezanejad. "A cross-cultural study of condolence strategies in a computer-mediated social network." Russian Journal of Linguistics 25, no. 2 (2021): 417–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-2-417-442.

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Among the various speech acts, an under-investigated one is condolence speech act. The present study sought to investigate the verbal strategies of expressing condolence used by (1) Iranian native speakers of Persian, (2) Iranian EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners, and (3) American native speakers of English. Accordingly, a total of 200, 42, and 50 responses were collected respectively from the informants who responded to an obituary post followed by a picture consisting of a situation related to the news of a celebritys death on Instagram (In the case of Iranians: Morteza Pashaii ,

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Э.Б., САТЦАЕВ,, and АБДОЛЛАХИ, М. "FORMATION AND FEATURES OF THE GENDER CATEGORY IN IRANIAN LANGUAGES." Известия СОИГСИ, no. 46(85) (December 19, 2022): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2022.85.46.013.

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Род – грамматическая категория, она свойственна разным частям речи и состоит из распределений слов или форм по двум или трем классом, которые называются: мужской, женский и средний. Семантика родовой классификации размыта и неясна, лишь в части существительных можно наблюдать отражение реальных половых различий. Наличие рода – характерная особенбьность грамматики многих языков, в том числе индоевропейских. Однако степень сохранности рода в разных европейских языках различна. Это связано во многом с устойчивостью синтетизма в системе словообразования. Древние индоевропейские языки (санскрит, ав

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Zakharyin, Boris. "Indo-Aryan ergativity and its analogues in languages of Central and Western Eurasia." Lingua Posnaniensis 57, no. 2 (2015): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/linpo-2015-0012.

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Abstract Boris Zakharyin. Indo-Aryan ergativity and its analogues in languages of Central and Western Eurasia. The Poznań Society for the Advancement of Arts and Sciences, PL ISSN 0079-4740, pp. 63-75 Ergativity, being a typologically significant feature, serves as basis for a bunch of genetically and structurally different languages of Eurasia. The paper suggests the bird’s eye view of its manifestation in the selected samples of Indo-Iranian, Tibeto-Burman, Caucasian and Euskara (the Basque language of Spain). The provided analysis allows to assume that split ergativity displayed by certain

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Safatian, Fakhereh. "Queer English Language Teacher Identity: A Narrative Exploration in Iran." Journal for the Study of English Linguistics 8, no. 1 (2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsel.v8i1.17452.

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This qualitative study explores the narratives of a queer female English teacher to understand (a) how Iranian cultural, familial, and relational discourses influence feelings of “belonging” for queer Iranian women, and (b) how queer Iranian women cope with the challenges of being both LGBTQ and Iranian. Interviews were analyzed using grounded theory analysis, revealing that queer Iranian women experience feelings of cultural isolation as a result of the homosexual identity delegitimization that is often perpetuated within the Iranian community. The Participant copes by creating cultural dista

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Bubenik, Vit, and Leila Ziamajidi. "Restructuring of the Iranian tense/aspect/mood system." Lingua Posnaniensis 60, no. 2 (2018): 73–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/linpo-2018-0013.

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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to outline the fundamental grammaticalization and degrammat(icalizat)ion processes observable in the restructuring of the tense/aspect/mood systems of the West Iranian languages during their historical development. Their core aspectual systems will be presented as consisting of three categories: Imperfective, Perfective and Perfect. Special attention will be paid to the rise of the analytic Perfect in Middle Persian and its further development in Early New Persian and other West Iranian languages. It will be shown that the degrammation of the copula played

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Ghalekhani, Golnar, and Mahdi Khaksar. "A Thematic and Etymological Glossary of Aquatic and Bird Genera Names in Iranian Bundahišm." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 62 (October 2015): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.62.39.

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The purpose of this study is to present a thematic and etymological glossary of aquatic and bird genera names which have been mentioned in Iranian Bundahišn. In this research, after arranging animal names in Persian alphabetic order in their respective genus, first the transliteration and transcription of animal names in middle Persian language are provided. Afterwards, the part of Bundahišn that contains the actual animal names and the relevant translations are mentioned. The etymology of every animal name is described by considering the morphemic source. Finally, mention is made of the myt

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Jamshedov, Parvona. "New data on kinship terminology in the Pamir and Tajik languages of modern Tajikistan." Rodnoy Yazyk. Linguistic journal, no. 1 (June 2021): 118–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2313-5816-2021-1-118-141.

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The article presents data on kinship terminology in the Pamir and Tajik languages. With the help of native speakers the author collected and analysed modern-day kin terms in the unwritten Iranian languages and dialects of southern Tajikistan.

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Iliadi, Alexander. "IRANO — SLAVICA: HISTORICAL-WORD-BUILDING PARALLELS." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 18, no. 28 (2019): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-28-9.

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The paper deals with the findings of the research dedicated to the study of word-building in the Iranian and Slavonic languages in the comparativehistorical aspect. The task of the article was comparative analysis of Iranian and Slavonic lexemes with common Indo-European roots in diachrony and synchrony. Particularly, their etymology and peculiarities of functioning have been reviewed. In the course of the research the hypothesis of the common Indo-European legacy for word-building of the two language groups (Iranian and Slavonic) has been proved. At the same time the evidence for the common i

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Borjian, Habib. "What Is Judeo-Median—and How Does it Differ from Judeo-Persian?" Journal of Jewish Languages 2, no. 2 (2014): 117–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134638-12340026.

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The Iranian languages spoken by the Jews are often lumped under the term “Judeo-Persian.” Yet properly construed, the latter term refers to forms of Persian written with the Hebrew script. The corpus of Judeo-Persian texts is significant for both linguistic and literary reasons, because it includes some of the earliest documents of New Persian, and because it constitutes a sizable literature written by Persian Jews. However, there are also several spoken languages, different from Judeo-Persian, that also belong to the Iranian stock and are associated with Jewish populations in Iran. What we re

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Bubenik, Vit. "An Interpretation of Split Ergativity in Indo-Iranian Languages." Diachronica 6, no. 2 (1989): 181–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.6.2.03bub.

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SUMMARY This paper investigates three problems related to the phenomenon of split ergativity in several Indo-Iranian languages. (1) In ergative tenses Pashto and Kashmiri belong to the canonical ergative-absolutive type — irrespective of the definiteness of the nominal P(atient) — while Sindhî and LahndS pattern erga-tively only if P is indefinite. (2) In the case of pronominal arguments the rare antiabsolutive encodes the transitive Subject in ergative tenses and O in non-ergative tenses; the superabsolutive encodes the intransitive S, O in ergative tenses and the transitive S in non-ergative

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Mudrak, Oleg. "Traces of Ossetic in Finno-Ugric languages of the Ural region." Rodnoy Yazyk. Linguistic journal, no. 2 (December 2022): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2313-5816-2022-2-52-66.

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The analysis of late Iranian loanwords in Finno-Ugric languages spoken in the Ural Mountains region demonstrates that there is no specifically Scythian-Sarmatian layer of borrowings in these languages. The representative group of loanwords reflects contact with the Ossetic language in particular.

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Edelman, Joy. "On areal variations in semantics in the history of the vocabulary of East Iranian languages." Rodnoy Yazyk. Linguistic journal, no. 1 (June 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2313-5816-2024-1-5-15.

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The historical Indo-Iranian lexicon of the Central Asian linguistic area reveals interesting semantic facts that force us to re-consider the etymological sources of words derived from a single Indo-European root. The present article examines a group of East Iranian words that go back to a single Proto-Iranian root, but at the same time exhibit meanings in the Central Asian area that allow for a new se‑ mantic interpretation of this root. Under consideration is the Proto-Iranian root *u̯ arź-, tentatively reconstructed as meaning ‘to act, to do; to work; to make efforts; to be strong, active’.

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