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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Iranians'
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Mirfakhraie, Amir Hossein. "Transmigration and identity construction, the case of Iranians in Canada, 1946-1998." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0028/MQ51421.pdf.
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Shakibaee, Siavash. "Adjustment of Iranians in Australia." Thesis, Shakibaee, Siavash (2001) Adjustment of Iranians in Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2001. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50688/.
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The central question of this study considers what it means to be an Iranian living outside Iran’s borders. The key themes of identity, homeland and belonging are explored in an interpretive framework based on in-depth qualitative interviews with individuals and focus groups, participant observation, content analysis, and taking interdisciplinary approach.
The participants in the study were born and lived in Iran for more than four decades. They chose to migrate to Australia due to the changes brought about by 1979 revolution. The participants are professionals who belong to the Iranian Middle class.
The overriding framework for the thesis is the notion of border crossing as a site of possibilities. The idea that we all cross borders regularly in our daily lives is employed to generalise the experiences of migration and to highlight the universal relevance.
The aim of the thesis is to develop a conceptual model to help to explain the impact of the migration process on the settlement experience of Iranian in Australia. Instead of earlier straight line theories of settlement it advocate a more circular conceptualisation of the migration experience.
Participants are seen as a point of a triad whose two other points are Iran and Australia. Their location or dislocation between those two points was explored through this conceptual model to explain the impact of their homeland, the exposure to a new culture, and the response to the impact of multiple loss and gain.
The participant's comments throughout this study show the powerful influence that memory exerts on the interpretation of their present situation. But at the time they are overwhelmed by the power it exercises over them. For them the concept of home is no longer simply associated with a feeling of security, a place of belonging, limited to the immediate family, but also with memories and their birthplace. Sometimes it even takes on a national character.
This study has provided useful insights into how Iranians perceive their new life, the strategies they use to adjust themselves to new society, how they manage to remain Iranian and at the same time generate a new identity in the process of their border crossing. The study contributed to the literature related to the impact of migration on Iranian people through the development of a mode of acculturation which takes into account the dynamic and complex and sometimes circular relation of belonging to the country of origin and to the second society. Their mode of acculturation is a mix of involuntary and voluntarily move to new society, and belonging to both homeland and second society, which produces a circular belonging to both countries of origin and host country.
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Ghayournejadian, Fatemeh. "The role of dress in women's transition from Iranians to Iranian-Americans: a socio-psychological analysis." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13696.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Apparel, Textiles, and Interior Design
Kim Hiller Connell
Acculturation can be a difficult process for many immigrants, and because there is a large number of Iranian immigrants living in the United States (over one million), the focus of this study is to understand how women cope with moving from a country with conservative standards to a more liberal country and the role dress plays in their acculturation process. Specifically, the purpose of this study is to: 1) explore Iranian dress standards and the effect these standards have on Iranian-American women’s lives; 2) gain understanding of the role of dress in women’s transition from Iranians to Iranian-Americans; 3) apply Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs motivational model to the women's acculturation process; and 4) compare two distinct generations of women—women born before the 1979 Islamic Revolution and women born after the Revolution. This study utilized a qualitative approach and collected data through semi-structured interviews with 11 women. The women did not express any traumatic psychological effects caused by the conservative dress standards in Iran. The main impact of the dress standards was the physical discomfort caused by wearing the hijab in hot weather. Dress played a significant role in the women's transitions process. More freedom in dress in the United States has allowed the women to express themselves much more than when they lived in Iran, leading to higher self-esteem and confidence levels. The women expressed a desire to sustain their Iranian heritage, and both generations shared similar perceptions of American dress standards prior to immigrating to the United States. Differences included higher consumption levels by the younger generation and their higher knowledge about the fashion industry and trends. The findings can be useful for Iranian women as they transition to an Iranian-American lifestyle. Additionally, it can also be beneficial to women from other countries who share similar experiences. Furthermore, the results may assist in aiding different organizations which help Iranian women integrate into the U.S. culture. Finally, retailers with target markets similar to the women of this study can use the findings to better understand the habits, needs, motives, and overall consumer behaviors of their clientele.
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Spellman, Kathryn Rosemary. "Religion, nation and identity : Iranians in London." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367944.
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Katirayi, Beverly A. Jensen. "Oral public communication in the Iranian immigrant community, toward reconceptualization of mass communication /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6158.
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Hosseini-Kaladjahi, Hassan. "Iranians in Sweden : economic, cultural and social integration." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-47395.
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This study explores three dimensions in the integration of Iranian immigrants in Sweden: economic, cultural and social. To test the generalisability of the ideas presented, and to place them in a wider framework the integration of Iranians has been compared with those of three other minorities: Chileans, Poles, and Finns. Data used in the statistical analyses have been obtained from the Centre for Research in International Migration and Ethnic relations (CEIFO). Economic integration of an immigrant group in a new society has been defined as its economic equality with the host population. The first part dealing with this aspect of integration compares Iranians with Swedes by three economic indicators: the ratio of unemployment, socio-economic status and income. By all indicators Iranians hold a considerably lower position as compared with Swedes. Both socio-demographic factors related to the Iranians and discrimination exercised by Swedish employers have been found to be relevant to the economic integration of Iranians in Sweden. The comparison of Iranians with the three other minorities, in terms of discrimination, indicates that the discrimination of these minorities corresponds to their cultural distance from Swedes. Iranians, with the remotest culture from Swedes among the four minorities, suffer the highest degree of discrimination. Finns, with the closest culture, suffer the lowest degree of discrimination. And the two other minorities lie between these two groups, respectively. Discrimination manifests itself mainly in a differential size of incomes which derives from the differential distribution of these groups among the least desirable occupations. The second part dealing with cultural integration evaluates the adaptation of Iranian to Swedish culture by two indicators representing cognitive and normative acculturation. This part is especially focused on the proposition that the westernisation process in Iran and differential reactions against this process are relevant in the acculturation of Iranians in Sweden. Two hypotheses formulated on the basis of this proposition- the negative effects of commitment to Iranian culture and radicalism on the acculturation of Iranians in Sweden- have been supported by the indicator of normative acculturation, but not by that of cognitive acculturation. The comparison of the four minorities has demonstrated that generalities, clustering and uniqueness all exist among the factors explaining their acculturation. The generalities and clustering are more striking in cognitive acculturation. Similarities are more evident between Iranians and Chileans. Finally, the last part dealing with social integration concentrates on the association of Iranians with Swedes. Assuming that association of two individuals with each other requires a common language and a minimum degree of intersubjectivity, it has been generally hypothesised that: 1) social integration of minorities in the new society will be a function of their cultural distance from the host population, and 2) all processes contributing to the increasing or decreasing of cultural distance will contribute also to the increasing or decreasing of their social integration. On the basis of these general hypotheses the following concrete hypotheses have been tested. 1) Among the four minorities, Iranians, as culturally remotest from Swedes, will have the least degree of social integration, followed by Chileans, Poles and Finns, respectively. 2) Commitment of Iranians to Iranian culture, as a medium increasing cultural distance, will correlate negatively with their social integration in Sweden. 3) Countercultural elements in Swedish society, as a medium of cultural-distance reduction, will contribute to the social integration of immigrants in this society. All hypotheses have been supported by the existing data.
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Rejali, Darius M. "Discipline and torture, or, How Iranians became moderns." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67424.
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In this dissertation, I undertake an empirical analysis of Iranian punitive practices over the last century. In thiscontext, I set out to investigate three issues. First, I critically examine the claim that modernity is characterizedby a diminution of corporal punishments, considering both the older humanist-progressivist verions of this claim and therevisionist-Nietzschean versions that have been advanced by several scholars including Michel Foucault, David Rothman,Michael Ignatieff, John Langbein, Gerhard Oestreich and Marc Raeff. In particular, I examine the relationship betweenmodern torture and might be called the "disciplinary process" that is said to characterize modernization. Second, I evaluate Chomsky and Herman's hypothesis that developing societies are characterized by a specific economy of violence that might be described as "state terrorism." Third, I test the utility of Foucault's theoretical approach to the study of power.Dans cette these, j'entreprends une analyse empirique des coutumes punitives iraniennes depuis un siecle. A cette fin, j'examine trois aspects. Premierement, j'examine d'une maniere critique le point de vue suivant lequel, la modernite se caracterise par une diminution des punitions physiques, tout en considerant l'interprétation traditionnelle humanistico-progressive de ce point de vue et les interpretations Nietzscheo-revisionnistes qui ont ete suggerees par plusieurs penseurs, tels que Michel Foucault, David Rothman, Michael Ignatieff, John Langbein, Gerhard Oestreich, et Marc Raeff. Plus precisement j'examine la relation entre la torture au XXieme siecle et ce que l'on pourrait appeler le "processus disciplinaire" qui, soi-disant, caracterise la modernisation. Deuxiemement, j'évalue les hypothèses de Noam Chomsky et d'Edward Herman suivant lesquelles les sociétés en voie de développement sont caractérisées par la violence d'une manière bien précise, et qui pourrait etre decrite comme "une économie de terrorisme d'état." Troisièmement, j'examine l'utilité de l'approche théorique de Michel Foucault pour l'etude du pouvoir. fr
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Fialho, Malcolm. "Acculturative stress among Iranians in Perth Western Australia." Thesis, Fialho, Malcolm (1992) Acculturative stress among Iranians in Perth Western Australia. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 1992. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50603/.
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The present study investigated the experience of acculturative stress through the adoption of a holistic experiential approach. It was premised on the notion that refugees are a distinct cultural group owing to the involuntary nature of their decision to settle in Australia, the status conferred on them in accordance with United Nations High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR) conventions and Australian Governmental initiatives.
The major aim of the study was to further understanding of the relationship between the process of migration and resettlement on an individual's mental health through an examination of the cultural, social and individual variables involved. The conceptual foundation of this study involved the integration of a central theory (Berry & Kim's theory of acculturative stress) with three ancillary ones (Kunz's theory on refugee adaptation. Kessler & Neighbors coping model and Tajfel & Turner's theory of social identity). The present study responded to Berry and Kim's (1987) call for further comparative studies which examine acculturative phenomena across a variety of cross-cultural dimensions. The elaborated version of Berry and Kim's model was utilised to account for and explain the differences and similarities in the psychological adjustment process between Iranian migrants (Muslim) and refugees (Baha'i) in Western Australia. A cross-sectional research design utilising the survey technique was adopted. The theoretical constructs were assessed using a battery of tests for which reliability and validity data have been presented.
Results indicated that there were no significant differences between the refugee and migrant sample on the experience of acculturative stress. There were, however, differences between the set of predictors of acculturative stress for the refugee. migrant and the total sample. Cultural, emotional and material factors together with self-esteem were the most important predictors of acculturative stress. Social support and mode of acculturation were positively correlated with acculturative stress but failed to make a significant contribution to the explained variance in stress scores. Policy implications for migrant services delivery for refugee populations per se and other small ethnic minorities have also been discussed.
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Afshani, Hadieh. "Double Displacement: The Iranian Immigrant Experience." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368180.
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In a TED talk given in 2010, Iranian visual artist Shirin Neshat articulated the two battles that the Iranian diaspora are engaged in—one is against their government, whose regime gives cause to flee, and the other is against the Western perceptions of Iranian identity that Iranians face after immigrating. My experience of emigrating from Iran to Australia is consistent with Neshat’s statement. I call the feeling of being a nomad or not belonging anywhere ‘double displacement’, an idea central to this Master of Visual Arts project. Through painting, I have considered the ways in which people maintain their identity and
cultural vision after experiencing the disruption and displacement of immigration.
I am interested in what the experience of double displacement (from the birth country and the new destination country) means and how it feels, especially from a Middle Eastern perspective. The end result of this series of works is something like a visual diary recorded by a woman with a Persian-poetic view of experience. To describe double displacement, I have used metaphoric and metonymic visual elements that refer to transience, including doorways, corridors, or light coming from one space to another sited within intimate places and interiors.
The purpose of this research is to visually encapsulate the experience of doubly displaced immigrants. Through this research, I have attempted to find a more nuanced language with which to understand double displacement via the visual and material language of painting.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Visual Arts (MVA)
Queensland College of Art
Arts, Education and Law
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Kelly, Melissa. "Onward Migration : The Transnational Trajectories of Iranians Leaving Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-198099.
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Onward migration is an understudied process whereby people leave their country of origin, settle in a second country for a period of time, and then migrate on to a third country. This dissertation explores the transnational trajectories of one specific group of onward migrants. These are highly educated people who moved from Iran to Sweden as refugees following the Iranian Revolution in 1979. Then, after settling in Sweden for a period of time they subsequently moved on to London, England. Melissa Kelly explores how people live their lives across places. Using life history interviews conducted with individual onward migrants, Kelly draws out and contex-tualizes the individual and shared experiences of these migrants in specific space-time contexts, and highlights the meaning of both settlement and mobility in their lives. In doing so, she explores the circumstances that underlie the onward migration phenomenon, drawing attention to different geographical levels of scale, and linking social, economic and cultural perspectives. The main argument of the dissertation is that while place continues to be of sig-nificance, a broader understanding of migrant integration processes is required. Onward migration disrupts the categories usually used to comprehend the integration of migrants in narrowly defined nation state contexts, and encourages a more nuanced understanding of how we conceptualize both migration and settlement.
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Karimi, Mohammad 1959. "Iranian Access Television of Dallas: Cultural Issues, Preservation, and Community Formation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278997/.
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This study focused on the televisual and cultural practices of Iranians via public access television in Dallas, Texas. It includes analysis of format and content. It combines demographic, structural, and statistical information with a culturalist and interpretive viewpoint in examining the efforts of Iranians, via access television programs, in preserving their culture and the formation of a coherent and active community in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex.
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McAuliffe, Cameron. "Multicultural futures : the negotiation of identity amongst second generation Iranians of Muslim and Baha'i background in Sydney, London and Vancouver /." Connect to full text, 2005. http://setis.library.usyd.edu.au/adt/public_html/adt-NU/public/adt-NU20051007.093239.
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Cowan, Janice Elizabeth. "A study of ethnic identity among Iranians in Western Canada." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360731.
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Modarres, S. Ali. "Ethnic community formation: An ecological perspective on Iranians in Los Angeles." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185032.
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Ethnicity is a social construct defined not only by socio-cultural variables, but also by the socioeconomic and social structure within which it develops. In this regard, ethnicity is a by-product, and at the same time a contributor to the spatial structure of human communities. The synergistic relationship between ethnicity and socioeconomic variables requires attention to the special environment within which an ethnic community develops, and furthermore, necessitates an awareness of the subgroups of any given ethnic group and their specific spatial and adaptational behavior. Consequently, the superorganic approach taken by most urban/human ecologists and the collective treatment of assimilation studies is questionable. The Iranian community currently residing in the U.S. illustrates that the spatial distribution of post-1965 immigrants and specifically political immigrants is defined by both ethnicity and also socioeconomic factors. The elite characteristics of these groups, including their high educational achievements, occupational status, and self-employment levels, distinguishes them from many of the other ethnic/immigrant groups who migrated in the early part of the century. Additionally, in the case of Los Angeles and Orange Counties, it is demonstrated that Iranians, along with Russians are distinctive based on their high socioeconomic status. The available data indicates the existence of three types of ethnic groups: (a) traditional low socioeconomic groups; (b) elite immigrants with high socioeconomic and educational achievements; and (c) recent immigrants with high educational and medium to high socioeconomic status. Spatially, differences among and within ethnic groups create specific distribution patterns that are explained largely by socioeconomic and ethnicity factors combined. This research illustrates that in studying any ethnic group, two criteria must be considered: (a) socioeconomic and ethnicity factors have a combined effect that differs not only from one group to another, but also varies within each group; and (b) social structure is not an independent variable, and therefore should be identified and analyzed on a case-by-case approach.
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Aarabi, Judith Ann. "Motivation to succeed in college students| Quantitative differences between Iranians and Americans." Thesis, Capella University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10137494.
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This study investigated relationships between nine independent variables and three dependent variables measuring intrinsic motivation (for knowledge, to accomplish, to experience), extrinsic motivation (external, introjected, and identified regulation), and amotivation (neither intrinsic nor extrinsic motivation), in a comparison analysis of second-generation Iranians and American university students. The nine independent variables measured were, participant’s age, participant’s education, father’s education, mother’s education, parental income, gender, number of siblings, stress, and confidence. Based on the principles of self-determination theory a multidimensional approach was taken that included assessments of self-efficacy (stress and confidence) and need for social approval to determine if there were any possible interrelationships with the outcome variables. T-test results revealed a significant difference in each motivational type between the Iranian group and the American group. In a step-wise backward multiple regression technique, the nine independent factors were analyzed to determine possible relationships with the outcome variables. The independent variables had a notable influence on the outcome variables and the variable confidence was consistently observed for both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Parental income, gender, stress, and participant’s post-graduate/PhD degree level had a direct influence on amotivation. Results indicate that self-determination, autonomy, and regulation of behavior are internalized differently in diverse individuals and social background plays a significant role. Limitations and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
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Safdar, Saba F. "An extended model of acculturation process : study of Iranian immigrants in Canada /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0001/MQ33508.pdf.
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Shaghaghi, Abdolreza. "Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among Iranians in Edinburgh compared to Edinburgh White and Iranian general populations : findings of two systematic reviews and a pilot study." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25173.
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Two systematic reviews were conducted on recruitment methods in Iranian migrant studies and also on cardiovascular risk factor prevalence studies among Iranians in Iran and abroad. Identified articles from search of 9 databases were assessed for their quality. Based on the findings of these systematic reviews multi-method recruitment strategy was applied to recruit 72 Iranian migrants in Edinburgh into this pilot study. Meta-analysis was performed to calculate overall summary data from eligible studies. Obesity was seen among 22.4% (CI: 15.1-31.9%) of the women and 8.5% (CI: 4.8-14.4%) of the Iranian men in Iran. Self-reported smoking rate was prevalent among 1.7% (CI: 1.4-2.1%) of women and 23.4% (CI: 22.9-24%) of Iranian men in Iran while this rate for Iranian women abroad was 18.2% (CI: 13.9-23.3%). According to the study findings 8.2% (CI: 3.2-19.2%) of Iranian men and 21.7% (CI: 9.7-41.9%) of women in Edinburgh had moderate or vigorous physical activity level and 79.6% (CI: 66.4-88.5%) of the men and 60.9% (CI: 40.8-77.8%) of the women were overweight or obese. Self reported smoking rate was 30.6% (CI: 16.8-49.0%) among the Iranian men and 13.0% (CI: 3.4-39.3%) among the women. Having an abnormally low level of high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was considerably more prevalent among Iranians in Edinburgh than the Edinburgh White population and prevalence rate ratio in the male and female subgroup was 3.5 (CI: 1.2, 11.6) and 9.9 (CI: 2.0, 95.8) respectively. Discussion: The systematic reviews indicated huge gaps in the evidence base regarding the health status of Iranian migrants. No reservation was found among Iranians to participate in a health study. The study results also revealed that Iranian migrants in Edinburgh are probably in added risk with regard to some of the CVD risk factors such as smoking and low physical activity level compared to Edinburgh’s White population.
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Sadeghi, Sahar. "National Narratives and Global Politics: Immigrant and Second-Generation Iranians in the United States and Germany." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/274683.
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SociologyPh.D.
This dissertation project examines the lived experiences of immigrant and second- generation Iranian immigrants to uncover the factors that shape their perceptions of belonging in two differ western nations. It is a qualitative methods study that utilized in-depth interviews. I address the limitations of past research by highlighting that Iranians' experiences of belonging and membership in western nations are greatly influenced by the national narratives of their host societies and the global politics surrounding Iran. My central research questions are: How do America's and Germany's national narratives of immigration influence Iranians' sense of belonging? and How do Iranians perceive the global politics surrounding Iran as impacting their lives in the West? Research on Iranians in the United States and Europe underscores Iranians' proclivity to become entrepreneurs in their new nation, the lack of solidarity and community among Iranians, and the discrimination that they experience due to their ethnic and religious identities. However, we lack comparative scholarship that examines Iranian immigrants' experiences in two nations where the national narratives are different. Moreover, there is an absence of research that addresses whether, and how, global politics influence perceptions of belonging. The three empirical chapters examine the data from sixty-four in-depth interviews with immigrant and second-generation Iranians living in northern and southern California, and Hamburg, Germany. In the first interview data chapter, I examine the motivations of Iranians' migration to the US and Germany, their settlement experiences, and their expectations of their lives in their new nation. Specifically in this chapter, I reveal that the lack of foreign policy considerations for post-Revolution Iranian exiles in the US and the institutionalized nature of refugee policy, and lack of it, in each nation helps explain the varying settlement experiences of immigrant-generation Iranians in the US and Germany. It is noteworthy that these experiences also helped shape Iranians' understanding of each nation's main values and characteristics. In the second empirical chapter, I show that national narratives of immigration are important in shaping Iranian immigrants' understandings, expectations, and experiences of belonging and membership in the US and Germany. These narratives inform their interpretations of not just the prospects of belonging, but the indications of whether they have accomplished it. In the last data chapter, I explore how Iran's global political standing influences the lives of Iranian immigrants living in the US and Germany. In both the US and Germany, the dominant negative discourse surrounding a highly politicized homeland stigmatizes Iranians' identities, and makes them more subject to experiences of marginality and discrimination. Specifically, in the US, global politics puts a cap on Iranians' quality of middle class experiences, and facilitates the construction of social marginality and discrimination against them. In Germany, it helps solidify a boundary that is already there. Ultimately, this dissertation research uncovers three important aspects in regards to perceptions of belonging among Iranians in the US and Germany: First, a comparison of Iranian immigrant experiences in two western nations where the narratives of belonging are considerably different demonstrated that the national narratives of an immigrants' host society greatly shape and mediate perceptions and experiences of belonging and membership. Specifically in the US, Iranians perceive belonging when they can obtain opportunities for social mobility, when their ancestry is not marked or stigmatized, and when they can place themselves in the `nation of immigrants' narrative. In Germany, Iranians perceive that they can come close to belonging once they are perceived as having culturally accommodated to German society, can access greater opportunity structures, and are perceived and accepted as `good foreigners and immigrants'. Second, an examination of how global politics surrounding Iran impact Iranians' lives in western nations revealed that their identities are stigmatized; they encounter marginality and exclusion, and ultimately feel that they do not belong or have full membership in the US and Germany. Interestingly, Iranians in both nations hypothesized that an improved Iranian standing would help facilitate belonging and membership. What is more, their perceptions of how their lives would change, and how belonging would take shape, if they did not live with the stigmas created by Iran's global politics, were inextricably linked to the national narratives of their host societies. Third, there were significant generational differences in how the second-generation in each nation assessed belonging. In the US, the second-generations' ability to access the educational resources needed for professional careers, despite their perceptions of the existence of anti-Iranian prejudice, legitimized both the US national narrative and proved to them that they can secure a good quality of life and be a part of US society. In Germany, the second generation experienced generational lag with regard to belonging. Their ability to belong is not resolved by length of residence, German citizenship, German educational attainments, or their adherence German cultural norms and practices. Rather, second generation believed that being marked as foreigners was perpetual, and not an identity that one loses after a few generations. Ultimately, among the US second-generation US sample there were more significant/powerful declarations of the ability to acquire social mobility and belonging, while those in Germany experienced a more generalized feeling of not belonging. This research contributes to ongoing conversations regarding immigrant belonging and membership. It adds the comparative dimension of belonging and membership by examining evaluations of belonging in two western nations where the national narratives are different. Furthermore, it takes into account how the contentious and antagonistic political relationship between Iran and western nations has impacted Iranians' lived experiences, and ability to belong, in the US and Germany. Ultimately, the inclusion of national narratives and global politics contributes to our understanding of the sociological processes that facilitate, and disrupt, experiences of immigrant belonging and membership in their host society, and provides us with a deeper understanding of the layered and complex dynamics that shape immigrant experiences.
Temple University--Theses
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Bikas, Shourkaei Hamid. "Présence et influence iranienne dans les régions pontiques des origines à la chute de l’Empire achéménide." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100121.
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La présence iranienne dans les régions pontiques, bien qu’apparaissent de manière incidente dans de nombreuses études, n’a jamais fait l’objet d’une thèse de doctorat. Ce travail de thèse se propose de retracer l’histoire de la présence des Iraniens dans les régions pontiques des origines à la chute de l’Empire achéménide. Dans la première partie de notre thèse, nous passons en revue les discussions les plus récentes sur l’origine, les stades de la formation et la répartition des populations nomades iranophones dans les steppes eurasiatiques. Nous nous penchons notamment sur les rasions du passage au grand nomadisme pastoral monté de ses tribus à l’aube du Ier millénaire avant J.-C. Dans la deuxième partie de notre thèse, nous retraçons d’abord l’histoire du peuple cimmérien, puis nous traitons in extenso du problème de leur appartenance linguistique et anthropologique. Dans cette partie sont également examiné l’origine de la culture de la Scythie du Pont, l’établissement des Scythes en Asie antérieures et leur retour aux steppes nord-pontiques. A la fin de cette partie, nous reprenons l’analyse de la première légende d’origine des Scythes rapportée par Hérodote et nous tentons, en utilisant la méthode comparative dumézilienne, de démontrer que les éléments constitutifs de cette légende sont la résurgence et l’assemblage de schémas narratifs des mythes fondateurs des peuples iraniens. La troisième partie de notre thèse est consacrée à l’étude de la présence iranienne dans les régions pontiques à l’époque achéménide. Nous nous appliquons à dresser le portrait historique de ces espaces géographiques sous la domination achéménide et nous tentons d’identifier les traces de l’occupation achéménide ainsi que les « marqueurs » de la présence iranienne dans ces régions. Les documents de natures diverses et complémentaires permettent de confirmer non seulement la présence iranienne, mais aussi la profondeur des contacts inter-culturels entre les Iraniens de la diaspora impériale, les Grecs et les populations locales de ces régionsThe thesis studies the presence and influence of the Iranian peoples and tribes in the Pontus region from the origins to the fall of the Achaemenid Empire. While the sedentary Iranian people have been the center of attention, this work focuses firstly on the nomadic Iranian peoples originally living in western Siberia and who moved later in the north-Pontic region. In the absence of Cimmerian and Scythian written documents, the first part of thesis attempts to reconstruct a historical narrative of the migration and invasion of these people through the references made to them in ancient Greek and Assyrian texts, as well as by archaeological evidence. Modern debate about the Cimmerians’ linguistic and ethnic affiliation continues at a lively pace, for the existing documentation is both sparse and full of contradictions. Nonetheless, the inclination today is to consider them as an Iranian people. The second part of thesis traces the history of Scythian tribes in the North Pontic region. The first Scythian legend of origin, as related by Herodotus is studied and it is suggested that this legend incorporates typical features of Iranian legends of origin. The third part of the thesis studies the history of Pontus regions in the Achaemenid period and attempts to evaluate the impact of Persian and Iranian presence there. This part discusses the political status of the Pontus regions within the Achaemenid empire and attempts to determine the nature and the level of political incorporation of these regions into Achaemenid administrative organization. The work concludes by reviewing the written, archeological, artistic and various other sorts of evidence which suggests that there was not only a permanent presence of Persians and Iranians of the imperial diaspora, but also a considerable impact by the Achaemenid political and cultural influence in the Pontus region. This was due to the intense intercultural exchange between these Iranians and local populations
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Sadeghinia, Sara. "Défis de quelques pratiques artistiques contemporaines de la jeune scène iranienne." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30024.
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La culture en général et l’art, en particulier, occupent une position unique dans la structuration d’une société. En dépit des conflits, des convulsions politiques et idéologiques qu’a connu depuis un siècle, l’Iran d’aujourd’hui n’est plus un pays sous le joug politique d’une théocratie obscurantiste. Contrairement aux discours bruyants et actions hostiles de dirigeants islamiques qui provoquent si facilement l’attention du grand public en Occident, l’expression artistique iranienne reste très peu connue du public du monde entier. C’est à partir d’une réalisation plastique personnelle qu’ont été évalués que les véritables représentants et porte-parole d’une société iranienne progressiste ne sont plus ses politiques, mais bien ses artistes. Les artistes iraniens essaient de montrer la voix d’un autre Iran, celle d’un pays à l’histoire plurimillénaire, mais toujours aussi épris de culture et avide de liberté.Très attachées à leur histoire et leur culture, les oeuvres des artistes iraniens s’élaborent entre héritage et innovation. Lesquelles font état d’univers où un langage symbolique, ostensiblement hybride, se construit entre traditions ancestrales et modernité postrévolutionnaire. Par le biais de différents types médiums contemporains, comme la photographie, la performance, l’installation, la vidéo, ces oeuvres témoignent de la recherche d'un geste et d'un langage susceptibles de reconstruire la mosaïque du réel. Le regard des artistes, construit par leurs codes culturels, ne les empêche cependant pas de prendre en considération les actuels problèmes sociaux et politiques. Par contre, les artistes iraniens détournent intelligemment la réalité de façon métaphorique et symbolique pour transmettre le contenu de leur message au monde entier. De cette manière, l’art contemporain iranien, a pu s’épanouir sur la scène internationale et a pu attirer l’attention de quelques collectionneurs du marché de l’art et de commissaires d’exposition internationaux, durant ces dernières décenniesCulture in general and art in particular, occupy a unique position in the structure of society. Despite the conflicts, political and ideological convulsions has been known for a century, Iran today is no longer a country under the political yoke of theocracy obscurantist. Unlike the noisy speech and actions hostile Islamic leaders who so easily cause the attention of the general public in the West, Iranian artistic expression is very little known to the public worldwide. This is from a personal realization plastic what evaluated as true representatives and spokespersons of Iranian society progressive are no longer policies, but its artists. Iranian artists trying to show the voice of another Iran, a country with a history thousands of years, but still as loving culture and eager for freedom. Very attached to their history and culture, the works of Iranian artists to develop between heritage and innovation which indicate universe where a symbolic language, ostensibly hybrid builds between traditions and modernity post-revolutionary. Through different mediums contemporaries, such as photography, performance, installation, video, these works reflect the research gesture and language may reconstruct the mosaic of reality. The regard of artists, built by their cultural codes, however, does not prevent to consider the current social and political problems. By against, Iranian artists intelligently divert the reality of metaphorical and symbolic way to transmit the content of their message to the world. In this way, Iranian contemporary art, has been able to flourish on the international scene and has attracted the attention of some collector’s art market and international exhibition curators, in recent decades
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Farahani, Hossein M. "A cross-cultural study of the perception preference of housing forms." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722800.
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This research study investigates the extent to which evaluation of housing forms may be affected by functional, experiential and emotional factors. The study also investigates the influence of the Western civilization on the Iranian culture through perceived imagery associated with architectural form.A set of twenty photographs representative of architectural styles commonly found in the city of Tehran, Iran as well as a questionnaire survey were the tools used in this perception study.After analyzing the responses , it was concluded that Iranians were in agreement in their perception of Persian, Western, and Ancient architectural styles and preferred the Western architectural style over the other styles. Iranians associated familiarity with newness. Throughout the study it was evident that the Western civilization had a strong influence on the Iranian culture in the perception and preference of architectural forms.Department of Urban Planning
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Driver, Sahar DeAnne. "Decolonizing human rights| The challenges of ensuring the dignity and freedom of Iranians through a human rights framework." Thesis, California Institute of Integral Studies, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3643099.
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The human rights industry today generates and organizes knowledge about the Islamic Republic of Iran and Iranians. The cultural archive it produces has been used to advance the global North's geopolitical interests and the accumulation of capital and power that leads to human rights abuses in the first place. Use of the human rights framework as a political strategy among Iranian–Americans and other allies acting from across geographic, political, economic, religious and other boundaries is therefore risky. The dangers it introduces should be examined alongside its tactical uses.
This dissertation presents a close analysis of certain observables that make visible "human rights" discourse or activity related to the Islamic Republic of Iran today. It presents an examination of a series of texts that give "human rights" its shape: from academic and journalistic accounts to online data aggregators, film, social media, and related policies. It traces its use by competing actors: from activists and politicians to business leaders and academics. In so doing, the dissertation reveals important political, emotional, intellectual, and socio-economic contestations that arise through use of the human rights framework.
The dissertation sheds light on the motivations and methods of entities that take up the human rights framework as a political strategy. It narrates the relations between observables, revealing the architecture of a human rights "industry" that consumes and produces knowledge about Iranians and the Islamic Republic of Iran. In so doing, this dissertation reveals the vulnerability of the human rights discourse and activities to other projects and finds that the human rights industry motors a form of (neo)Orientalism that should be interrupted if the network of actors around the world that are set up to address violations of "human rights" are to be effective at helping to maintain or uphold the dignity and freedom of Iranians in a sustainable way.
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McCoy, Eric. "Iranians in Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates: Migration, Minorities, and Identities in the Persian Gulf Arab States." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193398.
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This thesis analyzes the unexplored space that Iranian expatriates occupy in Persian Gulf Arab States, specifically Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates. It argues that culturally ascribed markers such as ethnicity, language, clothing, gender, religion, historical factors and nationality combine to produce hybrid Gulf Iranian identities among Iranian expatriates. The thesis performs an analysis of Iranian expatriate individuals' situations and conditions in the above societies and assesses the level of cross-interaction between Arabs and Iranians by building upon theories by Martinez, Hegel, Hobsbawm and Said. It concludes that studies of Iranian expatriates may not be performed in terms of Iranian or Gulf Arab identities but as a fluid synthesis of the two with sociopolitical implications for all Persian Gulf States. By understanding the Gulf Iranian expatriate community, or Gulf Iranians, we can move beyond analyses that are limited to national, ethnic and ideological lines to reevaluate Persian Gulf identities entirely.
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McAuliffe, Cameron Brian. "Multicultural futures: The negotiation of identity amongst second generation Iranians of Muslim and Bahái background In Sydney, London and Vancouver." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/688.
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McAuliffe, Cameron Brian. "Multicultural futures: The negotiation of identity amongst second generation Iranians of Muslim and Bahái background In Sydney, London and Vancouver." University of Sydney. Geosciences, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/688.
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Gholizadeh, Leila. "The discrepancy between perceived and estimated absolute risks of coronary heart disease in Middle Eastern women implications for cardiac rehabilitation /." View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/45659.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2008.A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Nursing, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
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Amini, Bahaur. "FACTORS RELATED TO THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT OF IRANIAN CHILDREN WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED DIVORCE." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/385.
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Divorce is an event that can have profound psychological consequences for children of all ages. Vast research has shown that children from divorced families suffer from short and long-term negative effects such as mental health problems (i.e. anxiety and depression) and interpersonal relationship issues. Exposure to parental conflict and triangulation are two of the strongest influences in a child's adjustment to divorce and their psychological well-being. Previous literature has focused on predominately white populations. Much less is known about minority cultures; specifically Iranian populations and the impact of divorce on child adjustment and mental health. Only a few studies have focused on Iranian children and divorce, however these studies were conducted in Iran and information was limited. Iranian culture greatly values family stability. Ethnic group memberships and culture are central elements in an Iranian-Americans sense of self. With divorce, these individuals typically lose all three. The purpose of this study was to explore and understand the impact of culture on Iranian children experience of parental divorce in the United States. 41 Iranian-American and 2 Iranian-Canadian adult children of divorce, ranging in age from 18 to 46 years, participated in an online self-report survey measuring adjustment to divorce, beliefs about separation, anxiety, stress, resilience, and perceptions of divorce. Open-ended questions were used to capture unique aspects of culture that influenced their experience. Specifically questions were designed to explore how Iranian children perceive their experience of divorce compared to divorced children in other cultures. Overall quantitative results indicated that adult Iranian children of divorce who had lower levels of adjustment to the divorce and higher reports of irrational beliefs about parental separation as children/adolescents also had higher levels of stress and anxiety as adults. Additionally, individuals who perceived that Iranian culture had an impact on their divorce experience also reported lower levels of adjustment to divorce and higher prevalence of irrational beliefs about parental separation/divorce. Qualitative results included important cultural aspects and perceptions of divorce that are unique to the Iranian community. Aspects of divorce that were related to being Iranian included cultural stigma and judgment, loss of culture and familial support, and psychological distress and shame. Furthermore, results from this study provide new insight into how cultural aspects impact the child's psychological well-being, overall adjustment, beliefs about separation, stress, and anxiety. Therapeutic implications are discussed as well as limitations, strengths, and suggestions for future research.
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Gholizadeh, Leila. "The discrepancy between perceived and estimated absolute risks of coronary heart disease in Middle Eastern women : implications for cardiac rehabilitation." Thesis, View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/45659.
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Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. While primary and secondary prevention programmes indisputably reduce the burden of CHD and increase quality of life, they are often underused, particularly by women and ethnic minorities. Lower referral rate, inaccessibility of services, being female, lack of support, insufficient income, impaired health literacy, inappropriateness of the programmes and the failure of health care organisations and programmes to provide culturally competent care to diverse racial, ethnic and cultural groups are some contributing factors. The use of health care services also appears to be influenced by perceived vulnerability to CHD. An individual’s subjective judgment about the characteristics and severity of a risk, that is the perception of risk, and causal attributions play an important role in responding to risk. Attitudes towards CHD risk and the associated risk factors such as smoking, diet, physical activity and obesity are mainly underpinned within cultural beliefs and practices. The value placed on adopting favourable health seeking behaviours, and a willingness to comply with medical advice are also often related to cultural beliefs, values and experiences. There is, therefore, a need to explore CHD risk perception in culturally diverse populations. Understanding these risks can help health practitioners tailor health messages and services more effectively to facilitate behaviour change in target groups, which is critical in the management of CHD. This thesis aimed to explore the relationship between Middle Eastern women’s perceived and estimated absolute risk of CHD to inform primary and secondary prevention programmes. This thesis comprised two discrete, yet interrelated studies and employed a mixed method to elicit the participants’ perception of general and personal CHD risk. Focus groups were used to capture the collective views of migrant Turkish, Persian and Arab Middle Eastern women about their perceptions of the risk of developing CHD, causal attributions and risk reducing behaviours. The three main themes that emerged from the focus group discussions were: (a) Middle Eastern women underestimated the risk of CHD; (b) stress is a pervasive factor in the lives of Middle Eastern women; and (c) Middle Eastern women face many barriers to reduce their risk of CHD. Participants’ biological, behavioural and socio-economical risk factors showed that the study participants were at increased CHD risk due to high prevalence of some risk factors such as high blood cholesterol level, obesity, inactivity and psychological distress. Yet, the participants underestimated their personal CHD risk and perceived themselves to be at increased risk of psychological disorders such as depression. Further, those who perceived some level of increased CHD risk attributed it more to their psychological status rather than life style factors. Underestimation of the risk, inaccurate causal attributions, low socio-economic status and low health literacy accompanied with lack of culturally and linguistically competent programmes to assist women in protecting their cardiovascular health are some identified barriers to CHD risk reducing behaviours among Middle Eastern women. Findings of this study have significant implications for cardiac rehabilitation services to develop culturally and linguistically competent programmes to communicate Middle Eastern women while taking into account cultural differences in beliefs and traditions, socioeconomic status and health literacy. These differences should be considered in CR design, implementation and evaluation.
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Alizadeh-Khoei, Mahtab. "Assessing factors in utilisation of health services and community aged care services by the Iranian elderly living in the Sydney metropolitan area acculturation aged care /." Connect to full text, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3986.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2008.Title from title screen (viewed Jan. 19, 2009) Includes tables and questionnaires in English and Farsi. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Behavioural and Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
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Mousavi, Monika. "L'émergence des "intellectuels intermédiaires" en Iran dans le prolongement de la révolution islamique de 1979." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH073/document.
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Cette recherche se donne pour objet d’étudier une théorie récente, très discutée à l’heure actuelle, à savoir l’émergence des ‘‘ intellectuels intermédiaires ‘’ dont la finalité était un encouragement à la démocratie en Iran à partir des années 1990 jusqu’à nos jours. Ce courant d’idées, même s’il n’a jamais été perçu comme parfaitement structuré, comporte des spécificités concrètes qui la distingue des générations d’intellectuels précédentes, de sorte qu‘on pourrait dire que cette nouvelle génération de par ses idées, réflexions et par son engagement social, pose les bases d’une refondation de la notion et de l’identité de l’intellectuel en Iran. Il en émerge alors une nouvelle substance de l’intellectualité qui engendre, au fur et à mesure de son évolution, un passage des intellectuels classiques et ambitieux (« d’avant-garde ») aux intellectuels intermédiaires.La première partie de cette étude s’articulera autour de l’analyse et de la présentation du discours des quatre générations d’intellectuels, du contexte de leur apparition en Iran, et tout particulièrement de celle des intellectuels intermédiaires. Ensuite, nous aborderons les différents aspects et les nombreux facteurs qui ont permis la naissance de ce mouvement avec une attention tout d’abord pour les facteurs externes ; l’influence de l’environnement international et des différents écoles de la pensée, l’apparition de nouveaux discours sur la modernité puis sur la postmodernité, , l’accélération de la diffusion de leurs idées à travers l’usage d’internet et des réseaux sociaux (qui tissent et renforcent les liens entre les différentes forces sociales). Puis dans un second temps nous nous intéresserons aux facteurs internes; l’épreuve de bouleversements politiques choquants, entrainant un regard plus critique que les discours précédant et la mise en avant de valeurs démocratiques depuis les mouvements réformistes apparus pendant les années 1996 et 1997. Ces changements sociopolitiques sont pour beaucoup dans l’affaiblissement du courant des « intellectuels religieux ».La deuxième partie de cette étude portera sur les trois axes, autour desquels les intellectuels, au cours de l’histoire des idées en Iran, ont conçu les interactions sociales : Occident, état, et religion. Ils s’efforceront tout le long de l’histoire iranienne de répondre à des questions ayant trait à ces trois thèmes. Les réponses des intellectuels intermédiaires ont rencontrés beaucoup de succès en proposant des réponses à de réelles inquiétudes sociales. En effet, ils ont réussi à schématiser des plans d’action pour atteindre leurs objectifs et à mettre en relief une dimension plus pragmatique de la société iranienne contemporaine. On n’a pas souvent pu en dire autant pour les générations précédentes d’intellectuels.Le but principal de cette recherche est d’étudier comment ces intellectuels intermédiaires fondent leurs convictions et leurs actions, avec en toile de fond une marche déterminée vers la démocratie. La démarche de ces intellectuels est marquée par cet engagement pour la démocratie, et la coexistence des différents courants d’idées dans la société iranienne. Pour ces intellectuels toutes réflexions ou action doit prendre en compte le caractère indissociable des notions de démocratie, d’occident et de religion au sein d’une sphère politique ou l’état possède tous les attributs de la souveraineté. D’ailleurs leur orientations se conforment à la plupart des principes démocratiques; la tolérance, la liberté de pensée, la liberté d’expression et le pluralisme, le sécularisme, la souveraineté du peuple, le droit de citoyenneté, le dialogue entre tous les force sociales, une société libre et sans censure. Ce contexte sera abordé au cours de la dernière partie de la rechercheThe aim of this research is to study a recent theory, much discussed at present, namely the emergence of "intermediary intellectuals" whose purpose was to encourage democracy in Iran from the 1990s to the present. 'nowadays. This stream of ideas, even though it has never been perceived as perfectly structured, has concrete specificities that distinguish it from previous generations of intellectuals, so that one could say that this new generation by its ideas, reflections and by its social commitment, lays the groundwork for a refoundation of the notion and identity of ‘the intellectual’ in Iran. Eventually, a new form of intellectuality emerges that gradually witnesses the creation of an evolution in itself which is a transition from classical and ambitious ("avant-garde") intellectualism to the intermediary intellectualism. The first part of this study will articulate the presentation as well as the analysis of the discourse of four generations of intellectuals, the context of their appearance in Iran, and especially that of the intermediary intellectuals. Then we will discuss the different aspects and the many factors that led to the birth of this movement with the main focus laid on external factors; these factors include the influence of international environment and different schools of thought, the appearance of new discourses on modernity followed by postmodernity, the acceleration of the diffusion of their ideas through the use of the Internet and social networks (which weave and reinforce the links between the different social forces). This part will be followed by a focus on internal factors such as shocking political upheavals, leading to a more critical perspective and the promotion of democratic values since the reformist movements that appeared during the years 1996 and 1997. One of the reasons for these socio-political changes is the weakening of the notion of "Religious intellectualism" which is happening along the mentioned changes. The second part of this study will focus on the three axes around which intellectuals, during the history of ideas in Iran, have conceived social interactions: the West, the state, and religion. They will strive throughout Iranian history to answer questions related to these three themes. Intermediary intellectuals' responses have been very successful in providing answers to real social concerns. Indeed, they have succeeded in schematizing action plans to achieve their goals and highlighting a more pragmatic dimension of contemporary Iranian society. It has not often been said so for previous generations of intellectuals. The main purpose of this research is to study how these intermediary intellectuals base their convictions and actions, against the backdrop of a determined march towards democracy. The approach of these intellectuals is marked by this commitment to democracy and the coexistence of different currents of ideas in Iranian society. For these intellectuals all reflections or actions must be taken in light of the inevitable essence of the notion of democracy, the West and religion within a political sphere where the state has all the attributes of sovereignty. Moreover, their orientations conform to most democratic principles, such as tolerance, freedom of thought, freedom of expression and pluralism, secularism, the sovereignty of the people, the right of citizenship, dialogue among all social forces, and a free and uncensored society. This context will be addressed during the last part of the research
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Ashouri, Hassan <1974>. "Zafferano iraniano." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/7464.
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La tesi si presenta come uno studio dello zafferano, analizzandone le origini, la storia e gli usi alimentari e farmaceutici; tratta inoltre la normativa doganale e l'andamento dell'esportazione dello zafferano oltre che le attività di marketing e di commercio elettronico.
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Moghimi, Habib Allah. "Exploring Iranian Daily Life by Analysing Iranian Cinema." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25763.
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My PhD thesis explores Iranian urban daily life by analysing Iranian cinema. Many scholars from different perspectives have focused on Iranian society in various political, social and cultural fields, although less attention is still being paid to Iranian daily life from the perspective of critical studies of everyday life. Moreover, many scholars have investigated Iranian films from macro- and micro-perspectives. Macro-sociological approaches have focused on the social, political and historical structures of Iranian cinema. These research are done in the field of sociology of cinema. Micro-sociological methods have analysed the representation of different features of everyday life, such as gender representation or consumption, but not daily life. These research are done in the field of sociology of film. However, to achieve a comprehensive understanding of any social phenomenon we have to make a connection between micro-sociology and macro-sociology. By problematising the concept of everyday life, this research tries to keep its distance from the dualism noted above and outlines Iranian urban daily life. Therefore, the thesis constructs an applicable theoretical framework to explore Iranian everyday life by a local approach. Through a new methodological approach, the thesis connects the sociology of cinema and sociology of film in order to make a connection between everyday life and its representation in films.
The theoretical framework consists of the work of various critical theorists of everyday life (for example, Lefebvre and Simmel) which enables me to recognise the outline of everyday life and analyse power relations in daily life. By a Foucauldian approach I read the theories to conceptualise Iranian daily life. Moreover, I connect the theory of everyday life to Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse analysis. I answer the research questions by using the following fourteen key signifiers: FilmFarsi, Sacred Defense Cinema, Value-based Cinema, Big Production Films, New-wave, Social Films, Children’s films, Entertaining Movies, Festival Cinema, Poetic Cinema, Underground Cinema, Accented Cinema, Independent Cinema, and Art and Experimental Films.
The first research question focuses on the discursive context of cinema and everyday life. Describing the discursive structures of Iranian cinema in different periods enables an in-depth understanding of the role of cinema both as a modern social institution and as culture industry. The second research question focuses on ‘subject positions’ and the processes of representation of everyday life in Iranian films. The third question relates to the connections between daily experiences, subject positions, and the social structures located within discourses which shape daily life. This question explains the problematic Iranian urban daily life in terms of uncertainty and precariousness. By highlighting the importance of contextuality in everyday life studies, the thesis concludes with methodological suggestions for further research on everyday life and cinema.
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Portes, Carolina Caniato. "A ambiguidade, o tempo e a atenção: uma reflexão sobre o realismo no filme O Espelho." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/206.
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Nossa pesquisa pretende analisar como se constitui o realismo no filme O Espelho, tendo como norte três conceitos principais: a ambiguidade, o tempo e a atenção. Esses conceitos serão trabalhados a partir da perspectiva de três referenciais teóricos. O primeiro deles, o crítico André Bazin, nos dará base para pensarmos a ambiguidade a partir de seus estudos sobre o neorrealismo italiano. O segundo, Gilles Deleuze, que propõe o nascimento de uma nova imagem caracterizada, principalmente, por sua relação com o tempo. E Jorge Larrosa, que, a partir de seus estudos sobre o conceito de experiência e atenção, nos ajuda a pensar a relação realidade-filme-espectador. A partir dessas perspectivas, tentaremos enxergar as particularidades da construção narrativa de O Espelho na sua relação com o espectador, inserindo o filme em uma discussão mais ampla sobre o realismo no cinema.
This research aims to analyze how the realism emerge in the iranian film The Mirror, through three main concepts: ambiguity, time and attention. These concepts will be think from the perspective of three different authors. The first of them, the critic André Bazin, will give us the basis to think the ambiguity through his studies of Italian Neorealism. The second author is Gilles Deleuze, who proposes the birth of a new image characterized primarily by its relationship with the time. And Jorge Larrosa, who, through his study about the concept of experience and attention, help us to think the relationship between reality-movie-viewer. From these perspectives, we will try to see the narrative particularities of The Mirror in its relationship with the viewer, also entering the film in a broader discussion of the realism in cinema.
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Sousa, Daniel Marcolino Claudino de. "A diluição do autor na trilogia de Koker de Abbas Kiarostami." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-20082012-113651/.
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Esta dissertação tem por objetivo a análise estética da Trilogia de Koker, de Abbas Kiarostami, em especial do filme Através das Oliveiras, investigando os efeitos da tematização que o cinema faz de si próprio ao apresentar um filme dentro de outro, intencionalmente quebrando a ficção em prol de uma suposta comunicação mais direta com o espectador, o que gera neste a sensação de diferentes níveis de realidade. Essa discussão passa pelo tema da morte ou diluição da autoria a partir de autores como Derrida, Barthes e Foucault. Lança-se no encalço do Autor moderno, constituído segundo Adorno desde o Dom Quixote, de Cervantes, autor não absoluto, desinformado do destino de seus personagens e que, por isso, inclui no relato romanesco recursos (inclusive a metalinguagem) que passem a evidenciar aspectos de verossimilhança para se fazer crível ao novo leitor. Nessa discussão, emergem questões relacionadas ao fim da narrativa e da arte, a recepção do cinema iraniano, e o embaralhamento dos registros documental e ficcional. Por fim, problematiza as possibilidades de se contar uma história na contemporaneidade.This work aims to build an aesthetic analysis of Koker Trilogy, by Abbas Kiarostami, specially the film Through the Olive Trees. It investigates the effects of meta-language procedures in cinema, when a film inside another one breaks the linear sequence in order to produce a relational aesthetic communication with the spectators. This opens space for the perception of different levels of reality. This discussion is also related to the topic of the death or dissolution of the authorship, as it is understood in the works of Derrida, Foucault and Barthes. By extension, the ideas of end of narrative are also considered in the analysis. In this sense, it looks after the modern author, created, according to Adorno, since Cervantes Don Quixote: the absolute author, who does not know the destiny of his/her characters and, because of it, includes resources (even meta-linguistic) that put in evidence aspects of verisimilitude to make it believable. In this discussion, some questions related to the end of narrative and of art, the reception of Iranian cinema and the puzzlement of documental and fictitious registers appear. At end, it discusses the possibilities of telling a history in contemporaneity.
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Ashtari, Nilufar. "Unveiling Iranian cinema." Thesis, Swansea University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497200.
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This thesis examines the history of Iranian cinema in its wider social and political context and establishes the link between gender, nationalist political and cultural processes in contemporary Iran. It argues that women's representation was central to the politics of state-formation and that the unveiled and veiled woman came to signify two conflicting political ideologies: modernisation and Islamisation. This volume maintains that in both the monarchy and the Islamic Republic, women and cinema were transformed into cultural symbols, representing the nation and national identity. The cooption of the women's question by nationalist politics and the regulation of cinema through censorship and propaganda was intended to consolidate the power of the successive regimes and construct a particular national identity, based on the constituent elements of a pre-Islamic past, and of Shi'i Islam, respectively. Because of the official cooption of the women's question and cinema, in monarchical times, as in the Islamic Republic, a counter discourse and culture developed, which became manifest in the work of an increasing number of filmmakers. If in the pre-revo lutionary period, the opposition coopted the symbol of the veiled woman, in the post-revolutionary period, the symbol of the unveiled woman is increasingly making inroads. More and more filmmakers reveal and unveil the "veiling" methods and practices of power upon which the Islamic Republic depends. However, despite the defiance, in both the Islamic Republic and the monarchy, the cinematic discourse remains dependent on the political and ideological constructions of power, which it can never fully defy.
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Mokhtabad-Amrei, Seyed Abdolhossein. "Iranian contemporary art music." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500084.
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Uzmez, Sena. "Iranian Nuclear Crisis And Its Impact On Us-iranian Relations Between 1953-2008." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612879/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
IRANIAN NUCLEAR CRISIS
AND
ITS IMPACT ON US-IRANIAN RELATIONS BETWEEN 1953-2008
Üzmez, Sena M.S., Department of International Relations Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ö
zlem Tü
r December 2010, 101 pages This thesis analyzes the U.S.-Iran relations in accordance with Iranian Nuclear Crisis from a historical perspective. Analyzing the U.S.-Iran relations since 1953 until 2008, it is possible to see that as the two countries&rsquo
perceptions towards each other change, their policies towards the nuclear issue change, too. While nuclear developments were not a threat for the two states that were close allies during the Shah Era, the perceptions totally changed after the Islamic Revolution. However, even if US and Iran started to perceive each other as a threat, nuclear issue lost its importance because of Khomeini&rsquo
s approach in this period. With the September 11, 2001 attacks, the American approach has changed not only regarding the Middle East, but also regarding the nuclear issue in Iran. The Nuclear Crisis that started in 2002 by the announcement of secret nuclear centrals escalated to its peak with the election of Ahmedinejad as the president. Different historical facts that were experienced at different periods shaped perceptions of two nations towards each other. As these perceptions change towards each other, their perceptions regarding the nuclear issue and their policies have changed, too. In this study, how these two nations&rsquo
perceptions towards each other were shaped and their approaches regarding the nuclear issue influenced by the historical events will be examined and analyzed.
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Moinian, Mohammad. "L'évolution du ministère public en droit iranien." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32021.
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La Révolution Islamique de 1979 met fin à la monarchie constitutionnelle puis au ministère public en tentant de remédier aux difficultés récurrentes rencontrées par le système judiciaire depuis le début du siècle. Les institutions, furent complètement remaniées, dans l’intérêt du nouveau régime et afin de mettre en place, en rénovant le lien historique entre religions et institutions, une version politisée de l’Islam. Les révolutionnaires, insuffisamment préparés, manquant d’expérience et de connaissances, constatèrent l’échec des nouvelles politiques en matière judiciaire. Le ministère public était indispensable à l’exécution des missions régaliennes de maintien de la sécurité intérieure et de l’ordre public ainsi qu’au fonctionnement de la justice. Cette institution, présente sous des formes archaïques depuis l’antiquité et modernisée lors de la Révolution Constitutionnelle du début du XXème siècle, fut rétablie en 2002The Islamic Revolution of 1979 broke up the constitutional monarchy then disbanded the public prosecution institution to make an attempt to solve the chronic issues encountered by the judicial system since the beginning of the century. The institutional system was entirely overhauled, in the interest of the new system and in the purpose to establish a new model integrating the historical link between religion and institutions with a political kind of Islam. The revolutionaries, barely prepared, lacking of experience and knowledge, noticed the failure of the new judicial politics. The public prosecution was essential to the fulfillment of the regalian functions, including the maintenance of public order and domestic security, along with the functioning of justice. This institution, existing under varied shapes since antiquity and modernized in the beginning of the century with the constitutional Revolution, has been restored in 2002
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Ziabakhsh, Shabnam. "The relationship between the Iranian self and the acculturative patterns of Iranian immigrant women." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ61699.pdf.
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Navabi, Hesamedin. "Iranian politics and the origins of the Anglo-Iranian oil dispute of 1950-1951." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1225/.
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This study is primarily concerned with answering several important questions surrounding the Anglo-Iranian Oil Dispute of 1950-1951 which have remained unanswered. What were the detailed origins of the disputes between the Iranian Government and the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company? Why was such a favourable oil concession granted to a British citizen? What was the impact of the occupation of Iran on the Iranian people's way of political thinking and how did oil become an issue for public debate? Why was there an oil crisis in 1951 ? What were the motivations of the parties to the oil dispute? Was the crisis mainly over economic grievances ? What was the role of nationalism ? These are answered within a framework that highlights the salient variables such as politics, economy, international relations and diplomacy. The methodology adopted is a descriptive analysis of archival material and literature on the related subjects. The emphasis is on the Iranian view of the crisis for the reason that, although it received international attention and was in many ways an international crisis, it originated in Iran. There were features unique to it which were Iranian. Given the nature of Iranian society with its strong oral traditions, the past is important to an explanation of the crisis. It is alive in Iranian mind in a way not apparent to western society. Conceptions of the past and an awareness of the weakness of Iranian autonomy are important in the context of the 1950 crisis.Consequently, it is necessary to examine the concept of history prevalent in Iran. This takes the staring point of the thesis to the D'Arcy oil concession. In 1900, Iran was bankrupt in Western terms, the Shah needed immediate cash payment,I authorities were financially corrupt and politics was riddled with foreign intrigue. Oil had been sought in Iran since 1878 without much success. By 1900, the demand for Iranian oil was supported by the British Legation. D'Arcy, an English financier, managed to obtain, through connections with a string of individuals, an oil concession for 60 years. The Iranian authorities had every reason to believe that this oil concession, like all other oil concessions would eventually lapse. However, D' Arcy worked the concession to the point of bankruptcy and his engineer, to the point of exhaustion. As a result an oil industry was established which "was to see the Royal Navy through two world wars, and to cause Persia more trouble than all the political manoeuvrings of the great powers put together". 2The world oil rivalry, compounded with the British government's desire for oil independence, turned the Iranian oil industry into the largest oil industry of the time and an important source of income for the British Treasury. The exploitation of the oil reserves of Iran by an industrial power soon became a matter of great controversy as disputes developed between two parties which extended over several decades. Iran received some funds in revenues. However, the revenues did not improve the Iranian standard of life considerably although they affected the balance of payments, currency reserves and purchase of arms. Iranian society was in the process of transition from a traditional society to a modern one. The Constitutional Movement of 1906 had an impact on the public's political way of thinking. Reza Shah suppressed the society but the desire for a democratic system continued to exist. During the reign of Reza Shah (1925-1941), a large portion of the rural population moved to urban areas. The industrialisation of Iran helped in developing a new class of urban middle class and artisans. It was obvious that the relationship between Iran and the oil company needed readjusting. However, the oil company officiIs did not show much interest in this until it was too late. The occupation of Iran in 1941 helped several political forces appear on the political scene. The released communist prisoners quickly formed the Tudeh Party. The communists were assisted by the Soviet forces in the North to the extent that the Tudeh, a communist party, became one of the main political parties of this period in an Islamic society. However, several factors helped monarchists overcome the communists. One such factor was an increasing American involvement in Iran after Pearl Harbour which functioned as a third power to reduce the dominance of the others. The Tripartite Treaty of 1942 regularised the presence of American troops. The Tehran Declaration of 1943 provided for economic aid at the end of the war. In 1947, the ideological basis for American involvement in Iran was provided by Truman Doctrine. The final blow to the Tudeh Party was delivered in 1949. The attempt on the Shah's life gave the monarchists an excuse to outlaw the Tudeh. Contrary to their ideology, Moscow provoked discontented Iranian minorities rather than encouraging class struggle ! Moscow menaced Iran several times. At least at two occasions Moscow demanded an oil concession. They also threatened Iranian integrity and caused a great deal of public anxiety which directed public attention to Iranain problems. The Azarbaijan crisis of 1945-1946 turned Iranian problem into an international one. Moscow's pressure on Greece and Turkey threatened Western interests in the Near and Middle East and caused inter-Allied friction. In 1941, Iran appeared to have become a model for Allied cooperation. By 1944, however, the first post-war oil crisis seemed to haye turned Iran into a battleground between foreign powers ; the early stages of the cold war. On the Iranian side, at least since 1944 there was a demand for oil nationalisation. The idea developed first into a law forbidding negotiating or granting new oil concessions to foreign powers until Iran was occupied. Mosaddegh was mainly responsible for this. Then in 1947, an overwhelming majority of Majles deputies rejected a Soviet proposal for an oil concession in the North. The Majles instructed the government to negotiate with the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company for better terms. This set in motion a chain of events which resulted in a proposal to supplement the 1933 oil concession which had replaced the D' Arcy concession. In 1949, a small group of nationalists fiercely fought the proposals. The press criticisms, the Majles debates and public gatherings helped ordinary people understand the oil issue. However, despite strong opposition, the monarchists were III favour of the Supplementary Agreement and attempted to resolve the issue by appointing a strong military man, General Razmara, as prime minister in June 1950. The idea, however, backfired as public desire for the removal of foreign influence was now strong. The Majles opposition, the press and the public appeared to be united. Nationalist feelings were fuelled by long-term resentment over the oil company's handling of the oil issue. By early 1951 nationalist sentiment was too strong to be curtailed. By this time Razmara had become a threat both to the Shah and to the nationalists and acted like an obstacle on the way to the oil nationalisation. His assassination, in March 1951, removed this obstacle. By this time the support for the movement, the demand for oil nationalisation and respect for Mosaddegh covered far-right to the far-left as both clergy and communists supported the nationalists. The communists were represented by the banned Tudeh Party. The political activities of the clergy was mainly associated with Kashani. His role in the movement and relationship with Mosaddegh were vital to the existence of the movement. However, Mosaddegh and Kashani were on a collision course. The Western-educated Mosaddegh was secular. Kashani, on the other hand, was in favour of an Islamic state. The same definition applied to their supporters. However, although they differed in their outlook, the unifying figure of Mosaddegh brought them together over the oil issue; a process which was reversed after 1951. Kashani and some nationalists weakened Mosaddegh and assisted in his downfall. Mosaddegh initiated the first petrodiplomacy in Iranian history. He dedicated his life to fight foreign domination and the nation trusted him. Without him it would be impossible for the nationalists to acquire a political standing strong enough to nationalise the oil. Regrettably, his downfall in 1953 brought an end to his efforts to remove foreign influence from Iran. Iran has been a centre of major political events for over 2000 years. In recent history, the development of two superpowers, Russian and British empires, on either side of Iran changed Iran's geopolitical situation to the extent that they fought within Iran for the dominance of Asia. As a result Iran's independence was weakened, its integrity was threatened, domestic feud was encouraged, corruption and intrigue were promoted, and self-interest and low morality became a feature of life.Whether a victim of international power politics, or a victim of internal strife. low political culture, and short-sightedness of Iranian politicians, the super powers could not tolerate the upset of the oil control in the Middle East. The country-by-country flare-up effect of such an achievement would be disastrous for the Western economy. In their view, the nationalist movement of Iran had to be defeated. Indeed, no other oil-producing country considered oil nationalisation for many years to come.
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Catt, Adam Alvah. "Studies in Indo-Iranian HistoricalLinguistics." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188403.
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Azadehfar, Mohammad Reza. "Rhythmic structure in Iranian music." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4209/.
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Most previous studies of Iranian music focus on melodic systems (Farhat, Zonis, etc.) or on instrumentation and the transcription of folk songs (Massoudieh, Darvishi, etc. ). This thesis examines the so-far neglected rhythmic structure of Iranian classical music. This research has adopted a multidisciplinary perspective, employing approaches from the psychology of music, Western and Iranian music theory, historical musicology and the ethnomusicological approach of participant-observation. In order to investigate the rhythmic aspect of Iranian music and attempt to relate it to other aspects of this music, this thesis examines different issues related to the rhythmic structure of Iranian music, including the rhythmic structure of the Persian poetry, the old rhythmic cycles and the rhythmic characteristics of both improvisation and composed music. Analysis of more than fifty improvisations and composed music in this thesis shows that the rhythmic organisation of güsheh-ha and musical genres with any rhythmic profile (such as free metre, stretchable metre or fixed metre) may be influenced by the shape of Persian poetic metres. A wide exploration of music-related manuscripts from the twelfth to fifteenth centuries provides an opportunity to compare more than thirty different rhythmic cycles recorded there. Although this system of rhythmic cycles is no longer explicitly used in Iranian music, examining several examples of contemporaneous improvisation and composed music reveals that a taste of the old rhythmic cycles is still felt in this music. An adaptation of the old rhythmic cycles examined in this thesis to current techniques of tombak performance is another outcome of this thesis. Moreover, presenting a case study of contemporary performance of Iranian classical music at the end of this thesis provides an opportunity to exhibit the role in a real performance of most of the theories raised in this thesis.
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Lee, Sooman Noah. "A grammar of Iranian Azerbaijani." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295960.
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Liu, Chang-Cheng. "Saudi-Iranian relations, 1977-1997." Thesis, Durham University, 2003. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1731/.
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Gow, Christopher Malcolm. "Iranian cinema in long shot." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2005. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59511/.
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This thesis aims to facilitate a broader understanding of post-revolutionary Iranian filmmaking, by way of an analysis of the New Iranian Cinema and Iranian cinema in exile and diaspora, and the various relationships between these two cinemas. Thus far no significant attempt has been made to consider these two cinemas in relation to each other. This thesis therefore represents a significant contribution to this line of research. Along the way it addresses several key concepts of long-standing importance in film studies, such as notions of art cinema, authorship and national cinema, in particular how such concepts have been used as a means of studying the New Iranian Cinema. Exilic and diasporic Iranian filmmaking represents a challenge to traditional understandings of these concepts. The first chapter therefore examines how the New Iranian Cinema has been received and constructed as an archetypal 'art cinema' in Europe and North America, in addition to how this cinema invites, at the same time as it resists, such interpretations. Thereafter follows a consideration of Iranian emigre filmmaking across Europe and North America, and how it has changed over the past thirty years, gradually shifting from an exclusively exilic to a pan-diasporic outlook. Chapters three and four are individual case studies of Iranian emigre filmmakers Amir Naderi and Sohrab Shahid Saless respectively. As two of Iran's most important and influential pre-revolutionary filmmakers, the works of Naderi and Saless represent not only interesting divergences from the evolutionary understanding of Iranian emigre cinema outlined in the second chapter, but also form two of the most compelling links between the New Iranian Cinema, and it exilic and diasporic counterpart. This thesis concludes by arguing for a more flexible and open-ended conception of national cinema more generally, as well as more comprehensive, nuanced and deterritorialised understanding of post-revolutionary Iranian filmmaking.
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Pelegrini, Mauricio Aparecido 1977. "Michel Foucault e a revolução iraniana." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279681.
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Orientador: Luzia Margareth RagoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Em 1978, Michel Foucault escreveu uma série de artigos jornalísticos para o periódico italiano "Corriere della Sera". Intituladas "reportagens de ideias", tinham como objetivo acompanhar o nascimento das ideias no cruzamento com os acontecimentos do tempo presente. No âmbito deste projeto, realizou duas viagens ao Irã (em setembro e novembro), onde acompanhou de perto a movimentação popular durante os eventos da Revolução Islâmica. Para compreender as raízes da oposição ao governo do xá Reza Pahlavi em seus diversos locais de manifestação, Foucault não se restringiu a conversar com os líderes revolucionários, mas entrevistou diferentes categorias de manifestantes, desde os trabalhadores organizados até os profissionais liberais e intelectualizados, passando pelos diversos níveis de organizações religiosas espalhadas pelo país, dos mulás líderes tribais aos aiatolás das grandes cidades de Qom e Teerã. O que lhe interessava era assistir ao nascimento de uma nova forma de pensar entre os iranianos, e isto só seria possível se ele estivesse lá, em meio ao fervilhar revolucionário. O conjunto de textos, que compreende também artigos, manifestos e entrevistas publicados na imprensa francesa, foi objeto de enorme polêmica, principalmente devido aos desdobramentos posteriores à revolução, com a instauração de uma ditadura teocrática de caráter persecutório às minorias e aos direitos humanos, e permaneceram até hoje pouco explorados teoricamente. Esta dissertação pretende analisar as reportagens iranianas de Foucault a partir de sua construção textual, dos conceitos introduzidos e das diversas interpretações que as cercam. Estrutura-se, assim, em três eixos: o primeiro tem o objetivo de recuperar a trama conceitual interna às reportagens; o segundo, analisar as críticas recebidas e seu contexto teórico; o terceiro, apresentar a espiritualidade política como principal inovação introduzida no corpus teórico foucaultiano. Pretende-se destacar, ainda, ressonâncias dos textos iranianos em outras questões elaboradas por Foucault
Abstract: In 1978 Michel Foucault wrote a series of news articles for the Italian newspaper "Corriere della Sera". Called "journalism of ideas", the articles had the purpose of following the birth of ideas upon its crossing with present times¿ events. Within the scope of this project, he made two trips to Iran (in September and November), where he followed up close the popular movement during the events of the Islamic Revolution. In order to grasp the roots of the opposition to the Shah Reza Pahlavi government in its several places of manifestation, Foucault did not restrain himself to talking to revolutionary leaders but rather also interviewed different categories of protestors, from organized workers to independent and intellectualized professionals, going through the several level of religious organizations spread out through the country, from mullah tribal leaders to Ayatollahs of the large cities of Qom and Tehran. Foucault was interested in witnessing the birth of a new form of thinking among Iranians and it would only be possible if he would be there present, amidst the revolutionary effervescence. The set of texts, which comprises also articles, manifestos and interviews published by the French press was object of great polemic, mainly due to the unfolding of events following the revolution, with the instauration of a theocratic dictatorship having a persecutory nature against minorities and human rights, and remaining until nowadays not much theoretically explored. This dissertation has the purpose of analyzing the Iranian reportages by Foucault from its textual construction, of concepts introduced and several interpretations surrounding them. Therefore, this paper is structured in three axis, the first having the purpose of retrieving the internal conceptual scheme of the reportages; the second being the analysis of criticism received and its theoretical context; the third being to present the political spirituality as the main innovation introduced to Foucault¿s theoretical framework. It is intended to emphasize yet the resonances of the Iranian texts in other issues elaborated by Foucault
Mestrado
Historia Cultural
Mestre em História
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Achtiani, Maliheh. "Le rôle éducatif des contes iraniens." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H104.
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Cette thèse est un travail de l'analyse thématique de contenu de 61 contes iraniens extraits de différents recueils, afin de trouver les messages éducatifs qu'ils transmettent. Le travail comprend quatre parties. C’est dans la troisième partie que les thèmes extraits des contes sont classés sous deux catégories principale (valeurs d’action, valeurs morales) prévues comme base de l'analyse et les contes sont expliqués a l’aide de symboles. Les résultats obtenus montrent différentes valeurs éducatives que les contes peuvent transmettre.
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Biner, Zahide Özge. "Transit refugees : legalization struggles of Iranian asylum seekers in Van, eastern Turkey." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG001.
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La Turquie forme un cadre exceptionnel pour l’étude de la question d’asile dans le sens où les politiques mises en œuvre concernant ce sujet ne correspondent pas à la complexité de la réalité sur ce territoire. C’est l’un des rares pays au monde qui applique – encore aujourd’hui - la Convention de Genève avec deux réserves, géographique et temporelle. Cette version de la Convention indique que seuls les réfugiés et demandeurs d’asile « européens » fuyant des événements antérieurs au 1er Janvier 1951 peuvent demander le statut de réfugiés auprès de l’Etat turc. En conséquence, aujourd’hui, l’Etat turc ne délivre pas le statut de réfugié aux demandeurs d’asile non-européens mais fournit seulement un statut temporaire. Les personnes, qui obtiennent le statut de réfugié d’après la définition internationale, sont autorisées à rester dans le pays uniquement jusqu’à ce que leur réinstallation dans un pays tiers soit organisée par le Haut Commissariat des Nations Unies pour les Refugiés (HCR).Basée sur des recherches effectuées sur les demandeurs d’asile iraniens à Van, une ville frontière de l’est de la Turquie, cette étude analyse le fonctionnement du processus de légalisation des personnes dans un contexte transitoire en se concentrant sur la relation entre les différents acteurs : les Etats, le HCR, les acteurs informels et les demandeurs d’asile. Elle explore la relation simultanée entre la légalité, la temporalité et le statut de réfugié à trois différents niveaux : local, national et transnational. Cette étude examine comment le statut transitoire du demandeur d’asile structure la relation de l’individu avec la légalité et comment il oriente la personne dans ses stratégies politiques et l’organisation de sa (sur)vie pendant cette période. Ainsi sont étudiées les conséquences des notions de légalité et temporalité sur l’expérience des demandeurs d’asile en TurquieDespite the increasing number of people entering Turkey as asylum seekers, the Turkish state has maintained the “rule of geographical reservation” that does not allow non- European asylum seekers to remain in Turkey as refugees. Accordingly, the on-going asylum system does not offer refugee status for non-European asylum seekers, but merely provides a temporary status. So-called “Temporary Guest”, these individuals are only allowed to stay within the country until their resettlement in a third country has been arranged by the United Nations for High Commissariat of refugee. This research concerns itself with the study of the experiences of Iranian asylum seekers and refugees residing in Van, a border satellite city in Eastern Turkey, currently in the process of transition. It analyzes the experience of being a refugee and being “in transit” in a country geographically proximate to the country of one’s origin. It examine individuals’ legalization struggle within transitory, local, national and transnational context by focusing on interacted/intersected relationship between states, international refugee regime, informal actors and asylum applicants. In so doing, it suggest exploring the ways in which legality and temporality come to be so intricately related as to form one’s refugee experience in Turkey
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Gauche, Renata Monastirscy. "Comunicação por imagens e produção de conhecimento: O Vento nos Levará , de Abbas Kiarostami." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/4428.
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-21Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This research aims to understand how the production of knowledge occurs through a communication by images, where the object of exemplifying the film "The Wind Will Carry Us" by Abbas Kiarostami. The question that motivates the research is that the film productions that explore a mass communication technique used to request less the imagination of the subject. Abbas Kiarostami, in "The Wind Will Carry Us", proposes a new cinematic language that encourages the "see no show", which comes against the current molds imposed by classical Hollywood film, a film exploring "stretch the neck." In the search for an understanding of how this film as a film set, through a new cinematic language that breaks with the narrative structure, we try to understand the production of knowledge through images made critical, always about to be born. Having as a research methodology to analyze the semiotics of film setting, linked to the theoretical basis required by the object of study, the research is based on the following assumptions: 1) by means of a new language Kiarostami seeks other ways to involve the viewer and view / Read the territory, the culture of your country, 2) Kiarostami does not propose a narrative, in which images have a story to tell, but it occupies an opening narrative forms in training, in other words, there is no narrative in the film, and therefore there is entertainment, 3) communication through images, through dialectical images, boosts the functioning of the imagination and knowledge production. The theoretical basis of this study is the concept that man thinks and communicates through images, through studies of Belting, Flusser, Bachelard and Calvin. To understand the language of Kiarostami and how it deconstructs the film, will support research on concepts developed by Kiarostami, Bernardet, beyond the concepts of visuality, visibility and dialectics, developed by Benjamin, Didi-Huberman, Sodré, Ferrara and Flusser, requested to understand the communication flow as it expands and contracts in a process of endless change
A presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de compreender como ocorre a produção de conhecimento por meio de uma comunicação por imagens, tendo como objeto de exemplificação o filme O Vento nos Levará , de Abbas Kiarostami. A questão que motiva a pesquisa é que as produções cinematográficas que exploram uma comunicação de massa, utilizada como técnica, solicitam cada vez menos a imaginação do sujeito. Abbas Kiarostami, em O Vento nos Levará , propõe uma nova linguagem cinematográfica que estimula o ver sem mostrar , que vem contra a corrente clássica cinematográfica imposta pelos moldes hollywoodianos, explorando um cinema de esticar o pescoço . Na procura de um entendimento de como este filme se configura como filme, por meio de uma nova linguagem cinematográfica que rompe com a estrutura narrativa, tentamos compreender a produção de conhecimento feita através das imagens críticas, sempre em vias de nascer. Tendo como metodologia de pesquisa a análise da configuração semiótica do filme, atrelada às bases teóricas solicitadas pelo objeto de estudo, a pesquisa se apoia nas seguintes hipóteses: 1) por meio de uma nova linguagem, Kiarostami procura outras formas de envolver o espectador e ver/ler o território, a cultura de seu país; 2) Kiarostami não propõe uma narrativa, em que as imagens possuem uma história a contar, mas se ocupa de uma abertura narrativa de formas em formação, ou seja, no filme não há narrativa e, portanto, não há entretenimento; 3) a comunicação por imagens, através de imagens dialéticas, potencializa o funcionamento da imaginação e a produção de conhecimento. A base teórica do presente estudo parte do conceito de que o homem pensa e se comunica por imagens, através dos estudos de Belting, Flusser, Bachelard e Calvino. Para compreender a linguagem de Kiarostami e como ele desconstrói o cinema, apoiaremos a pesquisa nos conceitos desenvolvidos por Kiarostami, Bernardet. Utilizaremos também os conceitos de visualidade, visibilidade e imagem dialética, desenvolvidos por Benjamin, Didi-Huberman, Sodré, Ferrara e Flusser, solicitados a fim de entender a comunicação como fluxo que se expande e se contrai num processo de inesgotável troca
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Macler, Todd P. "The root of Iranian foreign policy/." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA368097.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1999.Thesis advisor(s): Ghoreishi, Ahmad ; Magnus, Ralph. "September 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-109). Also Available online.